Bryant C. Jurgens Karen R. Burow Stefan Voss Kirsten E. Faulkner Jose Alfredo Arroyo-Lopez Miranda S. Fram Zeno F. Levy 2021 <div class="article-section__content en main"><p>Drought-induced pumpage has precipitated dramatic groundwater-level declines in California’s Central Valley over the past 30 years, but the impacts of aquifer overdraft on water quality are poorly understood. This study coupled over 160,000 measurements of nitrate from ∼6,000 public-supply wells with a 30-year reconstruction of groundwater levels throughout the Central Valley to evaluate dynamic relations between aquifer exploitation and resource quality. We find that long-term rates of groundwater-level decline and water-quality degradation in critically overdrafted basins accelerate by respective factors of 2–3 and 3–5 during drought, followed by brief reversals during wetter periods. Episodic water-quality degradation can occur during drought where increased pumpage draws shallow, contaminated groundwater down to depth zones tapped by long-screened production wells. These data show, for the first time, a direct linkage between climate-mediated aquifer pumpage and groundwater quality on a regional scale.</p></div> application/pdf 10.1029/2021GL094398 en American Geophysical Union Critical aquifer overdraft accelerates degradation of groundwater quality in California’s Central Valley during drought article