Sheel Bansal
Joanna R. Freeland
Steven E. Travis
Jen D. Wasko
Terence P. McGonigle
L. Gordon Goldsborough
Keira Gow
Joy E. Marburger
Jacob Meier
Brian Tangen
2022
<div id="Abs1-section" class="c-article-section"><div id="Abs1-content" class="c-article-section__content"><p>The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America has experienced extreme changes in wetland habitat due to proliferation of invasive plants.<span> </span><i>Typha</i><span> </span>×<span> </span><i>glauca</i><span> </span>is a highly competitive hybrid between native<span> </span><i>T</i>.<span> </span><i>latifolia</i><span> </span>and non-native<span> </span><i>T</i>.<span> </span><i>angustifolia</i>, and it is likely the predominant taxon in PPR wetlands. Genetics-based studies are limited, and distributions are poorly known for the first-generation (F<sub>1</sub>) hybrid and advanced-generation hybrids from F<sub>1</sub><span> </span>mating. Information pertaining to the distribution of<span> </span><i>T</i>. ×<span> </span><i>glauca</i><span> </span>could benefit efforts to understand the mechanisms of its spread and to develop management strategies to limit hybrid expansion and preserve progenitors. We used microsatellite markers of field-collected tissue samples from 131 wetlands spread over approximately 350,000 km<sup>2</sup><span> </span>in the PPR to assess the distribution of hybrid<span> </span><i>T. × glauca</i><span> </span>relative to its parental species and to examine the prevalence of F<sub>1</sub><span> </span>hybrids and advanced-generation hybrids.<span> </span><i>Typha × glauca</i><span> </span>was found in over 80% of wetlands throughout the PPR, compared to 26 and 18% of wetlands with<span> </span><i>T</i>.<span> </span><i>latifolia</i><span> </span>and<span> </span><i>T</i>.<span> </span><i>angustifolia</i>, respectively. Advanced-generation hybrids were more common than F<sub>1</sub><span> </span>hybrids, suggesting that hybridization is not a recent phenomenon. Hybrids were significantly taller than<span> </span><i>T</i>.<span> </span><i>latifolia</i>, indicating heterosis. Only 7% of sampled individual genets were pure<span> </span><i>T. latifolia</i>. These results suggest that<span> </span><i>T. × glauca</i><span> </span>is pervasive throughout the PPR and may spread independently of both parents. In addition, limited prevalence of native<span> </span><i>T. latifolia</i><span> </span>indicates the need for active management to preserve the species.</p></div></div>
application/pdf
10.1007/s11273-021-09823-7
en
Springer
Distributions of native and invasive Typha (cattail) throughout the Prairie Pothole Region of North America
article