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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Sheel Bansal</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Brian Tangen</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2022</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;National and global greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets are continually being refined as data become available. Primary sources of the potent GHG nitrous oxide (N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O) include agricultural soil management and burning of fossil fuels, but comprehensive N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O budgets also incorporate less prominent factors such as wetlands. Freshwater wetland GHG flux estimates, however, have high uncertainty, and wetlands have been identified as both sources and sinks. Here, we analyzed a regional database of &amp;gt;26,000 N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O chamber flux measurements sampled across &amp;gt;150 wetlands from the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) in the Great Plains of North America. Our goal was to identify important land use and hydrologic drivers of N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O flux to help reduce uncertainty in N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O models, and to incorporate these drivers into an upscaled estimate of wetland N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O emissions from the U.S. portion of the PPR. Within individual wetlands, exposed soils with no standing water, such as along wetland edges, were hotspots that accounted for greater than 90% of wetland N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O emissions. In contrast wet (i.e., ponded) areas had minimal or negative N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O flux. N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O flux from wetlands nested within croplands (16.3–17.3&amp;nbsp;μg N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;hr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;) was, in some instances, nearly double that from wetlands within grasslands (9.2–14.4&amp;nbsp;μg N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;h&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;). We estimated that seasonal N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O flux from PPR wetlands equated to roughly 0.2% (1.04 Tg CO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;equivalents) of the U.S. N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O budget (c. 2019). Overall, even though PPR wetlands are a small net source of N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O to the atmosphere, their emissions are negligible relative to agricultural soil management. Policy and management to restore wetland hydrology and surrounding uplands from cropland to grasslands can reduce landscape N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O fluxes. Future activities focused on wetland N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt;O flux would benefit from inclusion of adjacent land use and hydrologic factors, as well as from incorporation of temporally dynamic ponded wetland areas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.108968</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Elsevier</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Prairie wetlands as sources or sinks of nitrous oxide: Effects of land use and hydrology</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>