Hsiao-Hsuan Wang Serena Hamilton Volker Grimm Tomasz Koralewski Alejandro Salado Sondoss Elsawah Saman Razavi Jing Yang Pierre D. Glynn Jennifer Badham Alexey Voinov Mingshu Chen William Grant Tarla Peterson Karin Frank Gary W. Shenk C. Michael Barton Anthony J. Jakeman John C. Little Takuya Iwanaga 2021 <div id="abstracts" class="Abstracts u-font-gulliver text-s"><div id="abs0010" class="abstract author" lang="en"><div id="abssec0010"><p id="abspara0010">System-of-systems approaches for integrated assessments have become prevalent in recent years. Such approaches integrate a variety of models from different disciplines and modeling paradigms to represent a socio-environmental (or social-ecological) system aiming to holistically inform policy and decision-making processes. Central to the system-of-systems approaches is the representation of systems in a multi-tier framework with nested scales. Current modeling paradigms, however, have disciplinary-specific lineage, leading to inconsistencies in the conceptualization and integration of socio-environmental systems. In this paper, a multidisciplinary team of researchers, from engineering, natural and social sciences, have come together to detail socio-technical practices and challenges that arise in the consideration of scale throughout the socio-environmental modeling process. We identify key paths forward, focused on explicit consideration of scale and uncertainty, strengthening interdisciplinary communication, and improvement of the documentation process. We call for a grand vision (and commensurate funding) for holistic system-of-systems research that engages researchers, stakeholders, and policy makers in a multi-tiered process for the co-creation of knowledge and solutions to major socio-environmental problems.</p></div></div></div> application/pdf 10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104885 en Elsevier Socio-technical scales in socio-environmental modeling: Managing a system-of-systems modeling approach article