Kristi L. Wallace Pedram Gharghabi James Gafford Kimberly Genareau 2019 <div class="article-section__content en main"><p>Natural volcanic ashfall samples were examined, and high-current (~100&nbsp;kA) electrical impulse experiments were conducted to reveal the changes in grain size that can occur during lightning discharge. Experiments on pseudo ash samples manufactured from volcanic deposits of both rhyolitic and basaltic composition show that aggregates of very fine grained ash particles (&lt;32&nbsp;μm) melt and degas to form vesiculated pumice fragments &gt;100&nbsp;μm in size. In some cases, bubbles &lt;5&nbsp;μm in diameter expand and detach from the outer surface of the pumice to form hollow spheres of glass, one type of lightning-induced volcanic spherule, while other bubbles fragment. Volcanic ashfall from the 2009 Redoubt eruption and the 2016 Pavlof eruption contains both pumiceous grains and individual spherules. Results of this study reveal that volcanic lightning will alter the grain size distribution of ash through melting, vesiculation, and fragmentation of individual particles or ash aggregates.</p></div> application/pdf 10.1029/2018GL081298 en American Geophysical Union Lightning effects on the grain size distribution of volcanic ash article