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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Jennifer S. Fehrenbacher</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Kaustubh Thirumalai</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Eric J. Tappa</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Julie N. Richey</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Caitlin E. Reynolds</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2025</dc:date>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The vast majority of planktic foraminiferal culture studies have been carried out on spinose species of foraminifera, with relatively few studies on non-spinose species. We conducted a pilot study to test whether live specimens of the non-spinose planktic foraminifera,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Globorotalia truncatulinoides&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Globorotalia menardii&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;, could be successfully harvested from offshore plankton tow samples in the Gulf of America (Gulf of Mexico) and kept alive in a laboratory at the US Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center. We collected several&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;G. truncatulinoides&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;specimens (n = 39) from the surface mixed-layer (0–80 meters) via vertical plankton tow in February 2020 during a sediment trap mooring recovery cruise. We collected&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;G. menardii&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;(n = 27) from the upper 200 meters of the water column on follow-up cruises in December 2021 and November 2022. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;G. truncatulinoides&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;specimens stayed alive in the laboratory for 8–76 days, and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;G. menardii&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;for 7–29 days. All non-spinose foraminifera in this study showed a strong preference for eating marine snow aggregates from the plankton tow over&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Artemia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;nauplii. Using a combination of morphometric observations and geochemical analysis of the foraminiferal tests, we demonstrate that some specimens of both species grew new chambers while in culture, whereas other individuals added a calcite crust to the final whorl. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;G. menardii&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;were cultured in&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;87&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;Sr-labeled seawater, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to verify the presence of laboratory-grown calcite. Our results shed light on the feeding behavior and growth patterns in these two upper-ocean species of non-spinose foraminifera. This study demonstrates the feasibility of conducting laboratory culture experiments with&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;G. truncatulinoides&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;G. menardii&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;collected via plankton tow in the open ocean.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.61551/gsjfr.55.2.131</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:publisher>Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research</dc:publisher>
  <dc:title>Insights from growing Globorotalia truncatulinoides and Globorotalia menardii in the laboratory</dc:title>
  <dc:type>article</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>