Ruijia Wang Brandon Schmandt Andres Felipe Peña Castro Margaret Elizabeth Glasgow Mohammadreza Jamalreyhani 2025 <p>Subsurface wastewater injection has increased the seismicity rate within the Raton Basin over more than two decades, with the basin-wide injection rate peaked between 2009-2015. To understand the evolution of injection-induced earthquakes, we systematically analyzed 2016-2024 broadband recordings with a machine-learning-based phase picker and constructed a catalog with 95,993 earthquakes (-1≤<i>M</i>_L≤4.3). We then inverted for full centroid moment tensors (CMT) for 90 <i>M</i>_L ≥ 2 events, with a special interest in constraining the non-double-couple components via probabilistic metrics. Both relocations and CMT solutions support basement-rooted normal faults, including graben and half-graben structures. Furthermore, we observe the non-double-couple components that imply elevated pore pressure in the fault zones. An earthquake cluster emerged in the north-central basin in 2023, preceded by ~1-yr of increased injection volume from wells within 15km. Despite a basin-wide decrease in the injection volume, we highlights the persistence of seismicity that remains to sensitive to injection rates within the Raton Basin.</p> application/pdf 10.1029/2025GL114675 en American Geophysical Union Evidence for fluid pressurization of fault zones and persistent sensitivity to injection rate beneath the Raton Basin article