Lesleigh Anderson Mark Dornblaser Li H. Erikson Ann E. Gibbs Nicole M. Herman-Mercer Stephanie R. James Miriam C. Jones Joshua C. Koch Mary-Cathrine Leewis Kristen L. Manies Burke J. Minsley Neal J. Pastick Vijay Patil Frank Urban Michelle A. Walvoord Kimberly P. Wickland Christian Zimmerman Mark P. Waldrop 2021 <p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with university, Federal, Tribal, and independent partners, conducts fundamental research on the distribution, vulnerability, and importance of permafrost in arctic and boreal ecosystems. Scientists, land managers, and policy makers use USGS data to help make decisions for development, wildlife habitat, and other needs. Native villages and cities can&nbsp;</span><span>forecast landscape change and where soils are vulnerable to thaw with more certainty. The scientific community can use USGS data to develop scenarios of future permafrost change.</span></p> application/pdf 10.3133/fs20203058 en U.S. Geological Survey USGS permafrost research determines the risks of permafrost thaw to biologic and hydrologic resources reports