Tracey J. Mercier Cheryl A. Woodall Phuong A. Le Andrea D. Cicero Ronald M. Drake II Geoffrey S. Ellis Thomas M. Finn Michael H. Gardner Sarah E. Gelman Jane S. Hearon Benjamin G. Johnson Jenny H. Lagesse Heidi M. Leathers-Miller Kristen R. Marra Kira K. Timm Scott S. Young Christopher J. Schenk 2024 <p>Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated undiscovered, technically recoverable mean resources of 2.3 billion barrels of oil and 105.5 trillion cubic feet of gas in the Black Sea area.</p> application/pdf 10.3133/fs20243018 en U.S. Geological Survey Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of the Black Sea area, 2023 reports