<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Margaret G. Hopper</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>David J. Wald</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Vincent Quitoriano</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Elizabeth R. Adams</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>James W. Dewey</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2002</dc:date>
  <dc:description>We present isoseismal maps, macroseismic intensities, and&#13;
community summaries of damage for the MW=6.8&#13;
Nisqually, Washington, earthquake of 28 February, 2001.&#13;
For many communities, two types of macroseismic intensity&#13;
are assigned, the traditional U.S. Geological Survey&#13;
Modified Mercalli Intensities (USGS MMI) and a type of&#13;
intensity newly introduced with this paper, the USGS&#13;
Reviewed Community Internet Intensity (RCII). For most&#13;
communities, the RCII is a reviewed version of the&#13;
Community Internet Intensity (CII) of Wald and others&#13;
(1999). For some communities, RCII is assigned from&#13;
such non-CII sources as press reports, engineering reports,&#13;
and field reconnaissance observations. We summarize differences&#13;
between procedures used to assign RCII and&#13;
USGS MMI, and we show that the two types of intensity&#13;
are nonetheless very similar for the Nisqually earthquake.&#13;
We do not see evidence for systematic differences between&#13;
RCII and USGS MMI that would approach one intensity&#13;
unit, at any level of shaking, but we document a tendency&#13;
for the RCII to be slightly lower than MMI in regions of&#13;
low intensity and slightly higher than MMI in regions of&#13;
high intensity. The highest RCII calculated for the&#13;
Nisqually earthquake is 7.6, calculated for zip code 98134,&#13;
which includes the ?south of downtown? (Sodo) area of&#13;
Seattle and Harbor Island. By comparison, we assigned a&#13;
traditional USGS MMI 8 to the Sodo area of Seattle. In&#13;
all, RCII of 6.5 and higher were assigned to 58 zip-code&#13;
regions. At the lowest intensities, the Nisqually earthquake&#13;
was felt over an area of approximately 350,000 square km&#13;
(approximately 135,000 square miles) in Washington,&#13;
Oregon, Idaho, Montana, and southern British Columbia,&#13;
Canada. On the basis of macroseismic effects, we infer&#13;
that shaking in the southern Puget Sound region was&#13;
somewhat less for the 2001 Nisqually earthquake than for&#13;
the Puget Sound earthquake of April 13, 1949, which had&#13;
nearly the same hypocenter and magnitude. Allowing for&#13;
differences in hypocenter, shaking in the 2001 earthquake&#13;
was very similar to that produced by the Puget Sound&#13;
earthquake of April 25, 1965. First-person accounts of the&#13;
effects of the 2001 earthquake on individual households&#13;
are given for some communities.</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>10.3133/ofr02346</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>en</dc:language>
  <dc:title>Intensity distribution and isoseismal maps for the Nisqually, Washington, earthquake of 28 February 2001</dc:title>
  <dc:type>reports</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>