W.H. Kautz Leon Spelly Otis 1980 <p>For the greatest ultimate usefulness to society, the two most important facets of earthquake prediction are (1) a fundamental scientific understanding of the earthquake-triggering process and (2) the identification of reliable and measurable premonitors. A possible approach to both of these problem areas, and one that has received almost no systematic attention in U.S. seismological studies, is to examine the supposed sensitivity of biological organisms to one or more of the geophysical changes that precede earthquakes.</p> application/pdf 10.3133/ofr801152 en U.S. Geological Survey Biological premonitors of earthquakes: A validation study reports