Lawrence D. Igl Douglas H. Johnson Marriah L. Sondreal Christopher M. Goldade Paul A. Rabie Travis L. Wooten Betty R. Euliss Jill A. Shaffer 2019 <p>The key to <span>Thick-billed </span> Longspur (<i>Rhynchophanes mccownii</i>) management is providing short, sparsely vegetated native grasslands of adequate size. Mixed-grass prairies can be made suitable for breeding <span>Thick-billed </span> Longspurs by implementing moderate-to-heavy or season-long grazing. <span>Thick-billed </span> Longspurs have been reported to use habitats with 5–42 centimeters (cm) average vegetation height, 3–7 cm visual obstruction reading, 15–67 percent grass cover, less than (&lt;) 8 percent forb cover, &lt;7 percent shrub cover, 2–60 percent bare ground, 10–63 percent litter cover, and &lt;5 cm litter depth.</p> application/pdf 10.3133/pp1842Y en U.S. Geological Survey The effects of management practices on grassland birds—Thick-billed Longspur (Rhynchophanes mccownii) reports