Nathan D. Jacobson K. Michael Noland 2000 This training presentation shows procedures used by the U.S. Geological Survey to measure streamflow when streams are covered by ice. Although 'Ice Measurements' are generally more difficult to make than open-water measurements and are often made under uncomfortable conditions it is very important that ice measurements be made regularly during the winter. This is because a large part of many winter discharge records depend on such measurements. application/pdf 10.3133/wri004257 en Stream discharge measurements under ice cover reports