William F. Coon 1998 Roughness coefficients for 21 stream sites in New York state are presented. The site-specific relation between roughness coefficent and flow depth varies in a predictable manner, depending on energy gradient, relative smoothness (Rd50), and channel-vegetation density. The percentage of wetted perimeter that is vegetated is a useful indicator of when streambank vegetation can affect the roughness coefficient. To estimate the magnitude of this effect requires evaluation of the density and percent of submergence of vegetation. application/pdf 10.3133/wsp2441 en U.S. Geological Survey ; Information Services [distributor], Estimation of roughness coefficients for natural stream channels with vegetated banks reports