{"pageNumber":"12","pageRowStart":"275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":686,"records":[{"id":70041821,"text":"ofr20121257 - 2012 - Reconnaissance soil geochemistry at the Riverton Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Site, Fremont County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:21:42.065777","indexId":"ofr20121257","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1257","title":"Reconnaissance soil geochemistry at the Riverton Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Site, Fremont County, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Soil samples were collected and chemically analyzed from the Riverton Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Site, which lies within the Wind River Indian Reservation in Fremont County, Wyoming. Nineteen soil samples from a depth of 0 to 5 centimeters were collected in August 2011 from the site. The samples were sieved to less than 2 millimeters and analyzed for 44 major and trace elements following a near-total multi-acid extraction. Soil pH was also determined. The geochemical data were compared to a background dataset consisting of 160 soil samples previously collected from the same depth throughout the State of Wyoming as part of another ongoing study by the U.S. Geological Survey. Risk from potentially toxic elements in soil from the site to biologic receptors and humans was estimated by comparing the concentration of these elements with soil screening values established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. All 19 samples exceeded the carcinogenic human health screening level for arsenic in residential soils of 0.39 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), which represents a one-in-one-million cancer risk (median arsenic concentration in the study area is 2.7 mg/kg). All 19 samples also exceeded the lead and vanadium screening levels for birds. Eighteen of the 19 samples exceeded the manganese screening level for plants, 13 of the 19 samples exceeded the antimony screening level for mammals, and 10 of 19 samples exceeded the zinc screening level for birds. However, these exceedances are also found in soils at most locations in the Wyoming Statewide soil database, and elevated concentrations alone are not necessarily cause for alarm. Uranium and thorium, two other elements of environmental concern, are elevated in soils at the site as compared to the Wyoming dataset, but no human or ecological soil screening levels have been established for these elements.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121257","usgsCitation":"Smith, D., and Sweat, M.J., 2012, Reconnaissance soil geochemistry at the Riverton Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Site, Fremont County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1257, Report: iv, 23 p.; 1 Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121257.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 23 p.; 1 Appendix","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-08-01","temporalEnd":"2011-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264080,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1257.gif"},{"id":264079,"rank":1,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1257/Appendix%201.xlsx"},{"id":264078,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1257/OF12-1257.pdf"},{"id":264077,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1257/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Fremont","otherGeospatial":"Riverton Uranium Mill","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.420833,42.975 ], [ -108.420833,43.25 ], [ -108.383333,43.25 ], [ -108.383333,42.975 ], [ -108.420833,42.975 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d0498ce4b0d83991d15696","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":1274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David B.","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweat, Michael J. mjsweat@usgs.gov","contributorId":356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweat","given":"Michael","email":"mjsweat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70041095,"text":"70041095 - 2012 - A novel antibody-based biomarker for chronic algal toxin exposure and sub-acute neurotoxicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-23T21:45:18","indexId":"70041095","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A novel antibody-based biomarker for chronic algal toxin exposure and sub-acute neurotoxicity","docAbstract":"The neurotoxic amino acid, domoic acid (DA), is naturally produced by marine phytoplankton and presents a significant threat to the health of marine mammals, seabirds and humans via transfer of the toxin through the foodweb. In humans, acute exposure causes a neurotoxic illness known as amnesic shellfish poisoning characterized by seizures, memory loss, coma and death. Regular monitoring for high DA levels in edible shellfish tissues has been effective in protecting human consumers from acute DA exposure. However, chronic low-level DA exposure remains a concern, particularly in coastal and tribal communities that subsistence harvest shellfish known to contain low levels of the toxin. Domoic acid exposure via consumption of planktivorous fish also has a profound health impact on California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) affecting hundreds of animals yearly. Due to increasing algal toxin exposure threats globally, there is a critical need for reliable diagnostic tests for assessing chronic DA exposure in humans and wildlife. Here we report the discovery of a novel DA-specific antibody response that is a signature of chronic low-level exposure identified initially in a zebrafish exposure model and confirmed in naturally exposed wild sea lions. Additionally, we found that chronic exposure in zebrafish caused increased neurologic sensitivity to DA, revealing that repetitive exposure to DA well below the threshold for acute behavioral toxicity has underlying neurotoxic consequences. The discovery that chronic exposure to low levels of a small, water-soluble single amino acid triggers a detectable antibody response is surprising and has profound implications for the development of diagnostic tests for exposure to other pervasive environmental toxins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"PLOS ONE","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0036213","usgsCitation":"Lefebvre, K.A., Frame, E.R., Gulland, F., Hansen, J.D., Kendrick, P.S., Beyer, R.P., Bammler, T.K., Farin, F.M., Hiolski, E.M., Smith, D.R., and Marcinek, D.J., 2012, A novel antibody-based biomarker for chronic algal toxin exposure and sub-acute neurotoxicity: PLoS ONE, v. 7, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036213.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"e36213","ipdsId":"IP-036349","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036213","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":263487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263484,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036213"}],"country":"United States","volume":"7","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d5aac7e4b0ba654692bcae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lefebvre, Kathi A.","contributorId":12349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lefebvre","given":"Kathi","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frame, Elizabeth R.","contributorId":57741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frame","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gulland, Frances","contributorId":36441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gulland","given":"Frances","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, John D. 0000-0002-3006-2734 jhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-2734","contributorId":3440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"John","email":"jhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendrick, Preston S.","contributorId":36031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendrick","given":"Preston","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beyer, Richard P.","contributorId":93792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bammler, Theo K.","contributorId":62494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bammler","given":"Theo","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Farin, Frederico M.","contributorId":93793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farin","given":"Frederico","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hiolski, Emma M.","contributorId":106778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiolski","given":"Emma","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Smith, Donald R.","contributorId":75408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Marcinek, David J.","contributorId":75409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcinek","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":469417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70040619,"text":"ofr20121195 - 2012 - A multi-metric assessment of environmental contaminant exposure and effects in an urbanized reach of the Charles River near Watertown, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-26T11:48:28","indexId":"ofr20121195","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1195","title":"A multi-metric assessment of environmental contaminant exposure and effects in an urbanized reach of the Charles River near Watertown, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The Charles River Project provided an opportunity to simultaneously deploy a combination of biomonitoring techniques routinely used by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program, the Biomonitoring of Environmental Status and Trends Project, and the Contaminant Biology Program at an urban site suspected to be contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In addition to these standardized methods, additional techniques were used to further elucidate contaminant exposure and potential impacts of exposure on biota. The purpose of the study was to generate a comprehensive, multi-metric data set to support assessment of contaminant exposure and effects at the site. Furthermore, the data set could be assessed to determine the relative performance of the standardized method suites typically used by the National Water Quality Assessment Program and the Biomonitoring of Environmental Status and Trends Project, as well as the additional biomonitoring methods used in the study to demonstrate ecological effects of contaminant exposure. The Contaminant Effects Workgroup, an advisory committee of the U.S. Geological Survey/Contaminant Biology Program, identified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as the contaminant class of greatest concern in urban streams of all sizes. The reach of the Charles River near Watertown, Massachusetts, was selected as the site for this study based on the suspected presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination and the presence of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and white sucker (Catostomus commersoni). All of these fish have extensive contaminant-exposure profiles related to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other environmental contaminants. This project represented a collaboration of universities, Department of the Interior bureaus including multiple components of the USGS (Biological Resources Discipline and Water Resources Discipline Science Centers, the Contaminant Biology Program, and the Status and Trends of Biological Resources Program), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Samples for analyzing water chemistry, sediment chemistry and toxicity, fish community structure, tissue chemistry, and fish (20 carp, 20 bass, and 40 white sucker) and invertebrate pathology were collected in late August, 2005. This report provides results from the analyses of fish pathology, biomarkers of exposure and effects (reproductive, carcinogenic, genotoxic, and immunologic), sediment chemistry, toxicity, and fish and invertebrate community structure.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121195","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.B., Anderson, P.J., Baumann, P.C., DeWeese, L.R., Goodbred, S.L., Coyle, J.J., and Smith, D.S., 2012, A multi-metric assessment of environmental contaminant exposure and effects in an urbanized reach of the Charles River near Watertown, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1195, x; 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121195.","productDescription":"x; 116 p.","numberOfPages":"128","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-08-01","temporalEnd":"2005-08-31","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1195.gif"},{"id":264785,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1195/OF12-1195.pdf"},{"id":264783,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1195/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Lower Charles River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.250000,42.250000 ], [ -71.250000,42.416667 ], [ -71.000000,42.416667 ], [ -71.000000,42.250000 ], [ -71.250000,42.250000 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"509a3167e4b04d64aa094c7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Stephen B.","contributorId":14765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Patrick J. 0000-0003-2281-389X andersonpj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-389X","contributorId":3590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Patrick","email":"andersonpj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":468685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baumann, Paul C.","contributorId":104455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baumann","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeWeese, Lawrence R.","contributorId":72047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWeese","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goodbred, Steven L. sgoodbred@usgs.gov","contributorId":497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodbred","given":"Steven","email":"sgoodbred@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":468684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Coyle, James J.","contributorId":56741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coyle","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, David S.","contributorId":25416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70169895,"text":"70169895 - 2012 - Free tropospheric transport of microorganisms from Asia to North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-29T10:27:36","indexId":"70169895","displayToPublicDate":"2012-11-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2729,"text":"Microbial Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Free tropospheric transport of microorganisms from Asia to North America","docAbstract":"

Microorganisms are abundant in the troposphere and can be transported vast distances on prevailing winds. This study measures the abundance and diversity of airborne bacteria and fungi sampled at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory (located 2.7 km above sea level in North America) where incoming free tropospheric air routinely arrives from distant sources across the Pacific Ocean, including Asia. Overall deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) concentrations for microorganisms in the free troposphere, derived from quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, averaged 4.94 × 10(-5) ng DNA m(-3) for bacteria and 4.77 × 10(-3) ng DNA m(-3) for fungi. Aerosols occasionally corresponded with microbial abundance, most often in the springtime. Viable cells were recovered from 27.4 % of bacterial and 47.6 % of fungal samples (N = 124), with 49 different species identified by ribosomal DNA gene sequencing. The number of microbial isolates rose significantly above baseline values on 22-23 April 2011 and 13-15 May 2011. Both events were analyzed in detail, revealing distinct free tropospheric chemistries (e.g., low water vapor, high aerosols, carbon monoxide, and ozone) useful for ruling out boundary layer contamination. Kinematic back trajectory modeling suggested air from these events probably originated near China or Japan. Even after traveling for 10 days across the Pacific Ocean in the free troposphere, diverse and viable microbial populations, including presumptive plant pathogens Alternaria infectoria and Chaetomium globosum, were detected in Asian air samples. Establishing a connection between the intercontinental transport of microorganisms and specific diseases in North America will require follow-up investigations on both sides of the Pacific Ocean.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Society for Microbial Ecology","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s00248-012-0088-9","usgsCitation":"D. Smith, Jaffe, D., Birmele, M., Griffin, D.W., Andrew Schuerger, Hee, J., and Roberts, M., 2012, Free tropospheric transport of microorganisms from Asia to North America: Microbial Ecology, v. 64, no. 4, p. 973-985, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-012-0088-9.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"973","endPage":"985","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036127","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319573,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fba7a7e4b0a6037df1a148","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D. Smith","contributorId":168340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D. 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2012 - Evolution of 3-D geologic framework modeling and its application to groundwater flow studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:51:47.6161","indexId":"fs20123106","displayToPublicDate":"2012-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-3106","title":"Evolution of 3-D geologic framework modeling and its application to groundwater flow studies","docAbstract":"In this Fact Sheet, the authors discuss the evolution of project 3-D subsurface framework modeling, research in hydrostratigraphy and airborne geophysics, and methodologies used to link geologic and groundwater flow models.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20123106","usgsCitation":"Blome, C.D., and Smith, D.V., 2012, Evolution of 3-D geologic framework modeling and its application to groundwater flow studies: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2012-3106, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20123106.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262306,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3106/fs12-3106.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":262311,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2012_3106.gif"},{"id":262305,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2012/3106/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma,Texas","otherGeospatial":"Arbuckle-Simpson aquifer, Edwards aquifer, Trinity aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.63333333333334,25.833333333333332 ], [ -106.63333333333334,34.666666666666664 ], [ -94.48333333333333,34.666666666666664 ], [ -94.48333333333333,25.833333333333332 ], [ -106.63333333333334,25.833333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50dcb095e4b0d55926e3f0b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blome, Charles D. 0000-0002-3449-9378 cblome@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-9378","contributorId":1246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blome","given":"Charles","email":"cblome@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, David V. 0000-0003-0426-4401 dvsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0426-4401","contributorId":1306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"dvsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":467908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039659,"text":"ofr20121149 - 2012 - Water-quality and geophysical data for three study sites within the Williston Basin and Prairie Pothole Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-22T01:01:58","indexId":"ofr20121149","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1149","title":"Water-quality and geophysical data for three study sites within the Williston Basin and Prairie Pothole Region","docAbstract":"This report is a data release for water geochemical sample analyses and geophysical surveys for three sites within the Williston Basin and Prairie Pothole Region of Montana and North Dakota. The data collection sites and procedures are described.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121149","usgsCitation":"Preston, T.M., Smith, B.D., Thamke, J., and Chesley-Preston, T.L., 2012, Water-quality and geophysical data for three study sites within the Williston Basin and Prairie Pothole Region: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1149, iv; 17 p.; Table 1-1 XLS; Table 1-2 XLS; Table 1-3 XLS; Table 1-4 XLS, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121149.","productDescription":"iv; 17 p.; Table 1-1 XLS; Table 1-2 XLS; Table 1-3 XLS; Table 1-4 XLS","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259751,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1149.gif"},{"id":259749,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1149/OF12-1149.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259748,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1149/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic","country":"Canada;United States","state":"Alberta;Iowa;Manitoba;Minnesota;Montana;North Dakota;Saskatchewan;South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Williston Basin;Bakken Formation;Prairie Pothole Region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116,40 ], [ -116,55 ], [ -89,55 ], [ -89,40 ], [ -116,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcd92e4b08c986b32e066","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Preston, Todd M. 0000-0002-8812-9233 tmpreston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8812-9233","contributorId":1664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Todd","email":"tmpreston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Bruce D. 0000-0002-1643-2997 bsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-2997","contributorId":845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bruce","email":"bsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thamke, Joanna N. 0000-0002-6917-1946 jothamke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6917-1946","contributorId":1012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thamke","given":"Joanna N.","email":"jothamke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chesley-Preston, Tara L. tchesley-preston@usgs.gov","contributorId":5557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesley-Preston","given":"Tara","email":"tchesley-preston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":466689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70042376,"text":"70042376 - 2012 - Shifting species interactions in terrestrial dryland ecosystems under altered water availability and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-30T12:07:10","indexId":"70042376","displayToPublicDate":"2012-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1023,"text":"Biological Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting species interactions in terrestrial dryland ecosystems under altered water availability and climate change","docAbstract":"Species interactions play key roles in linking the responses of populations, communities, and ecosystems to environmental change. For instance, species interactions are an important determinant of the complexity of changes in trophic biomass with variation in resources. Water resources are a major driver of terrestrial ecology and climate change is expected to greatly alter the distribution of this critical resource. While previous studies have documented strong effects of global environmental change on species interactions in general, responses can vary from region to region. Dryland ecosystems occupy more than one-third of the Earth's land mass, are greatly affected by changes in water availability, and are predicted to be hotspots of climate change. Thus, it is imperative to understand the effects of environmental change on these globally significant ecosystems. Here, we review studies of the responses of population-level plant-plant, plant-herbivore, and predator-prey interactions to changes in water availability in dryland environments in order to develop new hypotheses and predictions to guide future research. To help explain patterns of interaction outcomes, we developed a conceptual model that views interaction outcomes as shifting between (1) competition and facilitation (plant-plant), (2) herbivory, neutralism, or mutualism (plant-herbivore), or (3) neutralism and predation (predator-prey), as water availability crosses physiological, behavioural, or population-density thresholds. We link our conceptual model to hypothetical scenarios of current and future water availability to make testable predictions about the influence of changes in water availability on species interactions. We also examine potential implications of our conceptual model for the relative importance of top-down effects and the linearity of patterns of change in trophic biomass with changes in water availability. Finally, we highlight key research needs and some possible broader impacts of our findings. Overall, we hope to stimulate and guide future research that links changes in water availability to patterns of species interactions and the dynamics of populations and communities in dryland ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00209.x","usgsCitation":"McCluney, K.E., Belnap, J., Collins, S., Gonzalez, A.L., Hagen, E.M., Holland, J.N., Kotler, B.P., Maestre, F.T., Smith, S., and Wolf, B.O., 2012, Shifting species interactions in terrestrial dryland ecosystems under altered water availability and climate change: Biological Reviews, v. 87, no. 3, p. 563-582, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00209.x.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"563","endPage":"582","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-022117","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3304283","text":"External Repository"},{"id":271658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271657,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00209.x"}],"country":"United States","volume":"87","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5180e7ece4b0df838b924da7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCluney, Kevin E.","contributorId":10310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCluney","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, Scott L.","contributorId":71307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Scott L.","affiliations":[{"id":7000,"text":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":471413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez, Angelica L.","contributorId":29717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Angelica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hagen, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":17115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagen","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holland, J. 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The Atlantic Horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, is a valuable resource along the Mid-Atlantic coast which has, in recent years, experienced new management paradigms due to increased concern about this species role in the environment. While current management actions are underway, many acknowledge the need for improved and updated parameter estimates to reduce the uncertainty within the management models. Specifically, updated and improved estimates of demographic parameters such as adult crab survival in the regional population of interest, Delaware Bay, could greatly enhance these models and improve management decisions. There is however, some concern that difficulties in tag resighting or complete loss of tags could be occurring. As apparent from the assumptions of a Jolly-Seber model, loss of tags can result in a biased estimate and underestimate a survival rate. Given that uncertainty, as a first step towards estimating an unbiased estimate of adult survival, we first took steps to estimate the rate of tag loss. Using data from a double tag mark-resight study conducted in Delaware Bay and Program MARK, we designed a multi-state model to allow for the estimation of mortality of each tag separately and simultaneously.

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Dawn observations reveal a giant basin at Vesta's south pole, whose excavation was sufficient to produce Vesta-family asteroids (Vestoids) and HED meteorites. The spatially resolved mineralogy of the surface reflects the composition of the HED meteorites, confirming the formation of Vesta's crust by melting of a chondritic parent body. Vesta's mass, volume, and gravitational field are consistent with a core having an average radius of 107 to 113 kilometers, indicating sufficient internal melting to segregate iron. Dawn's results confirm predictions that Vesta differentiated and support its identification as the parent body of the HEDs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1126/science.1219381","usgsCitation":"Russell, C., Raymond, C., Coradini, A., McSween, H., Zuber, M., Nathues, A., DeSanctis, M., Jaumann, R., Konopliv, A., Preusker, F., Asmar, S., Park, R., Gaskell, R., Keller, H., Mottola, S., Roatsch, T., Scully, J., Smith, D., Tricarico, P., Toplis, M., Christensen, U., Feldman, W.C., Lawrence, D.J., McCoy, T., Prettyman, T., Reedy, R., Sykes, M., and Titus, T., 2012, Dawn at Vesta: testing the protoplanetary paradigm: Science, v. 336, no. 6082, p. 684-686, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219381.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"684","endPage":"686","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science 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Programs tend to be initiated for species with a high level of endangerment. Depressed hatching success can be a problem for such programs and has been linked to artificial incubation. The need for artificial incubation is driven by the practice of multiclutching to increase egg production or by uncertainty over the incubation abilities of captive birds. There has been little attempt to determine how artificial incubation differs from bird-contact incubation. We describe a novel archive (data-logger) egg and use it to compare temperature, humidity, and egg-turning in 5 whooping crane (Grus americana) nests, 4 sandhill crane (G. canadensis) nests, and 3 models of artificial incubator; each of which are used to incubate eggs in whooping crane captive-breeding programs. Mean incubation temperature was 31.7° C for whooping cranes and 32.83° C for sandhill cranes. This is well below that of the artificial incubators (which were set based on a protocol of 37.6° C). Humidity in crane nests varied considerably, but median humidity in all 3 artificial incubators was substantially different from that in the crane nests. Two artificial incubators failed to turn the eggs in a way that mimicked crane egg-turning. Archive eggs are an effective tool for guiding the management of avian conservation breeding programs, and can be custom-made for other species. 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A total of 411 hatchery fish and 26 wild fish were tagged and released between March 7 and May 21, 2011. A series of 16 autonomous hydrophones placed throughout the reservoir were used to determine general fish movements over the life of the acoustic transmitter, which was expected to be 91 days. Movements within the reservoir were directional, and it was common for fish to migrate repeatedly from the head of the reservoir downstream to the dam outlet and back. The dam passage rate was 11.2 percent (95-percent confidence interval 7.8–14.6 percent) for hatchery fish and 15.4 percent (95-percent confidence interval -1.0–31.8 percent) for wild fish within 91 days from release. Most fish passage occurred at night. The median time from release to dam passage was 34.5 days for hatchery fish and 34.2 days for wild fish. A system of hydrophones near the dam outlet, a temperature control tower, was used to estimate positions of fish in three dimensions to enable detailed analyses of fish behavior near the tower. Analyses of these data indicate that hourly averaged depths of fish within a distance of 74 m from the upstream face of the tower ranged from 0.6 to 9.6 meters, with a median depth of 3.6 meters for hatchery fish and 3.4 meters for wild fish. Dam discharge rates and the diurnal period affected the rates of dam passage. Rates of dam passage were similar when the dam discharge rate was less than 1,200 cubic feet per second, but increased sharply at higher discharges. The rate of dam passage at night was 4.4–7.8 times greater than during the day, depending on the distance of fish from the dam. This report is an interim summary of data collected as of August 3, 2011, for planning purposes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121106","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hansel, H.C., Hansen, A.C., Haner, P.V., Sprando, J.M., Smith, C., and Evans, S.D., 2012, Interim results from a study of the behavior of juvenile Chinook salmon at Cougar Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March--August 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1106, vi, 28 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121106.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"37","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1106.jpg"},{"id":257206,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1106/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Cougar Reservoir And Dam","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d19e4b0c8380cd632cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansel, Hal C. 0000-0002-3537-8244 hhansel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-8244","contributorId":2887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"Hal","email":"hhansel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, Amy C. 0000-0002-0298-9137 achansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-9137","contributorId":4350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Amy","email":"achansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haner, Philip V. 0000-0001-6940-487X phaner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6940-487X","contributorId":2364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haner","given":"Philip","email":"phaner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sprando, Jamie M. jsprando@usgs.gov","contributorId":4005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprando","given":"Jamie","email":"jsprando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Collin D. 0000-0003-4184-5686 cdsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4184-5686","contributorId":7915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Collin D.","email":"cdsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":464263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Evans, Scott D. 0000-0003-0452-7726 sdevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7726","contributorId":4408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Scott","email":"sdevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70009688,"text":"70009688 - 2012 - Use of real-time PCR to detect canine parvovirus in feces of free-ranging wolves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-04T13:10:06.728106","indexId":"70009688","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-31T10:10:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of real-time PCR to detect canine parvovirus in feces of free-ranging wolves","docAbstract":"

Using real-time PCR, we tested 15 wolf (Canis lupus) feces from the Superior National Forest (SNF), Minnesota, USA, and 191 from Yellowstone National Park (YNP), USA, collected during summer and 13 during winter for canine parvovirus (CPV)-2 DNA. We also tested 20 dog feces for CPV-2 DNA. The PCR assay was 100% sensitive and specific with a minimum detection threshold of 104 50% tissue culture infective dose. Virus was detected in two winter specimens but none of the summer specimens. We suggest applying the technique more broadly especially with winter feces.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-48.2.473","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., Almberg, E., Smith, D., Goyal, S., and Singer, R.S., 2012, Use of real-time PCR to detect canine parvovirus in feces of free-ranging wolves: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 48, no. 2, p. 473-476, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-48.2.473.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"473","endPage":"476","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-48.2.473","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Superior National Forest, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.615478515625,\n 48.04136507445029\n ],\n [\n -90.098876953125,\n 48.10743118848039\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 48.25394114463431\n ],\n [\n -91.571044921875,\n 48.05605376398125\n ],\n [\n -91.92260742187499,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n -92.28515625,\n 48.31242790407178\n ],\n [\n -92.43896484375,\n 48.21735290928554\n ],\n [\n -92.197265625,\n 46.76244305208004\n ],\n [\n -89.56054687499999,\n 48.011975126709956\n ],\n [\n -89.615478515625,\n 48.04136507445029\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.07177734375,\n 43.46089378008257\n ],\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 43.46089378008257\n ],\n [\n -108.8525390625,\n 45.00365115687186\n ],\n [\n -111.07177734375,\n 45.00365115687186\n ],\n [\n -111.07177734375,\n 43.46089378008257\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf67e4b08c986b329b3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Almberg, Emily S.","contributorId":101111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almberg","given":"Emily S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Douglas","contributorId":56088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goyal, Sagar","contributorId":28471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goyal","given":"Sagar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Singer, Randall S.","contributorId":106742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70038167,"text":"ofr20121047 - 2012 - Characterization of nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria at a concentrated swine feeding operation in Wake County, North Carolina, 2009-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T15:09:13","indexId":"ofr20121047","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-23T12:55:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1047","title":"Characterization of nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria at a concentrated swine feeding operation in Wake County, North Carolina, 2009-2011","docAbstract":"

Hydrologic and water-quality data were collected during October 2009–January 2011 to characterize nutrient and bacteria concentrations in stormwater runoff from agricultural fields that receive wastewater originating at a swine facility at North Carolina State University's Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory (LWRFL) in Wake County, North Carolina. The swine facility consists of six swine houses, two wastewater storage lagoons, and wastewater spray fields. The data-collection network consisted of 11 sampling sites, including 4 wastewater sites, 3 in-field runoff sites, and 4 stream sites. Continuous precipitation data were recorded with a raingage to document rainfall conditions during the study.

\n

Study sites were sampled for laboratory analysis of nutrients, total suspended solids (TSS), and (or) fecal indicator bacteria (FIB). Nutrient analyses included measurement of dissolved ammonia, total and dissolved ammonia + organic nitrogen, dissolved nitrate + nitrite, dissolved orthophosphate, and total phosphorus. The FIB analyses included measurement of Escherichia coli and enterococci. Samples of wastewater at the swine facility were collected from a pipe outfall from the swine housing units, two storage lagoons, and the spray fields for analysis of nutrients, TSS, and FIB. Soil samples collected from a spray field were analyzed for FIB. Monitoring locations were established for collecting discharge and water-quality data during storm events at three in-field runoff sites and two sites on the headwater stream (one upstream and one downstream) next to the swine facility. Stormflow samples at the five monitoring locations were collected for four storm events during 2009 to 2010 and analyzed for nutrients, TSS, and FIB. Monthly water samples also were collected during base-flow conditions at all four stream sites for laboratory analysis of nutrients, TSS, and (or) FIB.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research Laboratory","usgsCitation":"Harden, S.L., Rogers, S.W., Jahne, M.A., Shaffer, C.E., and Smith, D.G., 2012, Characterization of nutrients and fecal indicator bacteria at a concentrated swine feeding operation in Wake County, North Carolina, 2009-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1047, vii, 12 p.; Tables; Appendices 1 and 2 Download, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121047.","productDescription":"vii, 12 p.; Tables; Appendices 1 and 2 Download","temporalStart":"2009-10-01","temporalEnd":"2011-01-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254580,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1047.jpg"},{"id":254578,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Wake County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78.68333333333334,35.7175 ], [ -78.68333333333334,35.733333333333334 ], [ -78.66666666666667,35.733333333333334 ], [ -78.66666666666667,35.7175 ], [ -78.68333333333334,35.7175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4d3e4b0c8380cd4bf48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harden, Stephen L. 0000-0001-6886-0099 slharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-0099","contributorId":2212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Stephen","email":"slharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogers, Shane W.","contributorId":21017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jahne, Michael A.","contributorId":90968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jahne","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shaffer, Carrie E.","contributorId":104321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Carrie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Douglas G. dgsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"dgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037814,"text":"70037814 - 2012 - Nonlinear effects of group size on the success of wolves hunting elk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T17:23:18.89978","indexId":"70037814","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":981,"text":"Behavioral Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlinear effects of group size on the success of wolves hunting elk","docAbstract":"

Despite the popular view that social predators live in groups because group hunting facilitates prey capture, the apparent tendency for hunting success to peak at small group sizes suggests that the formation of large groups is unrelated to prey capture. Few empirical studies, however, have tested for nonlinear relationships between hunting success and group size, and none have demonstrated why success trails off after peaking. Here, we use a unique dataset of observations of individually known wolves (Canis lupus) hunting elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park to show that the relationship between success and group size is indeed nonlinear and that individuals withholding effort (free riding) is why success does not increase across large group sizes. Beyond 4 wolves, hunting success leveled off, and individual performance (a measure of effort) decreased for reasons unrelated to interference from inept hunters, individual age, or size. But performance did drop faster among wolves with an incentive to hold back, i.e., nonbreeders with no dependent offspring, those performing dangerous predatory tasks, i.e., grabbing and restraining prey, and those in groups of proficient hunters. These results suggest that decreasing performance was free riding and that was why success leveled off in groups with >4 wolves that had superficially appeared to be cooperating. This is the first direct evidence that nonlinear trends in group hunting success reflect a switch from cooperation to free riding. It also highlights how hunting success per se is unlikely to promote formation and maintenance of large groups.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/beheco/arr159","usgsCitation":"MacNulty, D.R., Smith, D.W., Mech, L.D., Vucetich, J., and Packer, C., 2012, Nonlinear effects of group size on the success of wolves hunting elk: Behavioral Ecology, v. 23, no. 1, p. 75-82, https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr159.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"82","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr159","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381728,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6784e4b0c8380cd73385","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacNulty, Daniel R.","contributorId":64069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNulty","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Douglas W.","contributorId":95727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vucetich, John A.","contributorId":70735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vucetich","given":"John A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Packer, Craig","contributorId":78592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Packer","given":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037773,"text":"ds664 - 2012 - Biosolids, crop, and groundwater data for a biosolids-application area near Deer Trail, Colorado, 2009 and 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:54:22.319996","indexId":"ds664","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-14T08:36:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"664","title":"Biosolids, crop, and groundwater data for a biosolids-application area near Deer Trail, Colorado, 2009 and 2010","docAbstract":"During 2009 and 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey monitored the chemical composition of biosolids, crops, and groundwater related to biosolids applications near Deer Trail, Colorado, in cooperation with the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District. This monitoring effort was a continuation of the monitoring program begun in 1999 in cooperation with the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District and the North Kiowa Bijou Groundwater Management District. The monitoring program addressed concerns from the public about potential chemical effects from applications of biosolids to farmland in the area near Deer Trail, Colo. This report presents chemical data from 2009 and 2010 for biosolids, crops, and alluvial and bedrock groundwater. The chemical data include the constituents of highest concern to the public (arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, zinc, and plutonium) in addition to many other constituents. The groundwater section also includes data for precipitation, air temperature, and depth to groundwater at various groundwater-monitoring sites.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds664","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District","usgsCitation":"Yager, T., Smith, D., and Crock, J.G., 2012, Biosolids, crop, and groundwater data for a biosolids-application area near Deer Trail, Colorado, 2009 and 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 664, vi, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds664.","productDescription":"vi, 11 p.","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246642,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/664/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":246649,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds_664.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Deer Trail","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.33333333333333,38.666666666666664 ], [ -105.33333333333333,40.583333333333336 ], [ -103.16666666666667,40.583333333333336 ], [ -103.16666666666667,38.666666666666664 ], [ -105.33333333333333,38.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f197e4b0c8380cd4ad12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, Tracy J.B.","contributorId":10861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Tracy J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":1274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David B.","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crock, James G. jcrock@usgs.gov","contributorId":200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"James","email":"jcrock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":462671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035653,"text":"70035653 - 2012 - Patterns of mortality in free-ranging California condors (Gymnogyps californianus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-08T13:38:19","indexId":"70035653","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of mortality in free-ranging California condors (Gymnogyps californianus)","docAbstract":"We document causes of death in free-ranging California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus) from the inception of the reintroduction program in 1992 through December 2009 to identify current and historic mortality factors that might interfere with establishment of self-sustaining populations in the wild. A total of 135 deaths occurred from October 1992 (the first post-release death) through December 2009, from a maximum population-at-risk of 352 birds, for a cumulative crude mortality rate of 38%. A definitive cause of death was determined for 76 of the 98 submitted cases, 70% (53/76) of which were attributed to anthropogenic causes. Trash ingestion was the most important mortality factor in nestlings (proportional mortality rate [PMR] 73%; 8/11), while lead toxicosis was the most important factor in juveniles (PMR 26%; 13/50) and adults (PMR 67%; 10/15). These results demonstrate that the leading causes of death at all California Condor release sites are anthropogenic. The mortality factors thought to be important in the decline of the historic California Condor population, particularly lead poisoning, remain the most important documented mortality factors today. Without effective mitigation, these factors can be expected to have the same effects on the sustainability of the wild populations as they have in the past.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-48.1.95","issn":"00903558","usgsCitation":"Rideout, B., Stalis, I., Papendick, R., Pessier, A., Puschner, B., Finkelstein, M., Smith, D., Johnson, M., Mace, M., Stroud, R., Brandt, J., Burnett, J., Parish, C., Petterson, J., Witte, C., Stringfield, C., Orr, K., Zuba, J., Wallace, M., and Grantham, J., 2012, Patterns of mortality in free-ranging California condors (Gymnogyps californianus): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 48, no. 1, p. 95-112, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-48.1.95.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"112","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474642,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6j16d95x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75e1e4b0c8380cd77dcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rideout, B.A.","contributorId":26664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rideout","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stalis, I.","contributorId":58866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stalis","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Papendick, R.","contributorId":86301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papendick","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pessier, A.","contributorId":63645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pessier","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Puschner, B.","contributorId":104013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puschner","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Finkelstein, M.E.","contributorId":94885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelstein","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, D. 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R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":451674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, Matthew mjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":29536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Matthew","email":"mjjohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mace, M.","contributorId":58493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mace","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stroud, R.","contributorId":48378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stroud","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Brandt, J.","contributorId":41674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Burnett, J.","contributorId":31602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnett","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Parish, C.","contributorId":76161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parish","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Petterson, J.","contributorId":90957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petterson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Witte, C.","contributorId":11447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witte","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Stringfield, C.","contributorId":47199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stringfield","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Orr, K.","contributorId":73437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Zuba, J.","contributorId":28098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zuba","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Wallace, M.","contributorId":83360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Grantham, J.","contributorId":24885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantham","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70032696,"text":"70032696 - 2012 - Airborne electromagnetic imaging of discontinuous permafrost","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70032696","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Airborne electromagnetic imaging of discontinuous permafrost","docAbstract":"

The evolution of permafrost in cold regions is inextricably connected to hydrogeologic processes, climate, and ecosystems. Permafrost thawing has been linked to changes in wetland and lake areas, alteration of the groundwater contribution to streamflow, carbon release, and increased fire frequency. But detailed knowledge about the dynamic state of permafrost in relation to surface and groundwater systems remains an enigma. Here, we present the results of a pioneering ∼1,800 line-kilometer airborne electromagnetic survey that shows sediments deposited over the past ∼4 million years and the configuration of permafrost to depths of ∼100 meters in the Yukon Flats area near Fort Yukon, Alaska. The Yukon Flats is near the boundary between continuous permafrost to the north and discontinuous permafrost to the south, making it an important location for examining permafrost dynamics. Our results not only provide a detailed snapshot of the present-day configuration of permafrost, but they also expose previously unseen details about potential surface – groundwater connections and the thermal legacy of surface water features that has been recorded in the permafrost over the past ∼1,000 years. This work will be a critical baseline for future permafrost studies aimed at exploring the connections between hydrogeologic, climatic, and ecological processes, and has significant implications for the stewardship of Arctic environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011GL050079","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B., Abraham, J., Smith, B.D., Cannia, J.C., Voss, C., Jorgenson, M., Walvoord, M.A., Wylie, B., Anderson, L., Ball, L., Deszcz-Pan, M., Wellman, T., and Ager, T.A., 2012, Airborne electromagnetic imaging of discontinuous permafrost: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, no. 2, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050079.","productDescription":"Article L02503; 8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","ipdsId":"IP-031001","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474636,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl050079","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213896,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050079"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.019287109375,\n 66.69647781801481\n ],\n [\n -146.5576171875,\n 66.6181218846659\n ],\n [\n -147.205810546875,\n 66.53951732435127\n ],\n [\n -147.073974609375,\n 66.40355812551671\n ],\n [\n -146.722412109375,\n 66.35954206344545\n ],\n [\n -146.62353515625,\n 66.32868478255796\n ],\n [\n -146.28295898437497,\n 66.33309528851538\n ],\n [\n -146.09619140625,\n 66.32868478255796\n ],\n [\n -145.777587890625,\n 66.33309528851538\n ],\n [\n -145.184326171875,\n 66.34632215978135\n ],\n [\n -144.810791015625,\n 66.40355812551671\n ],\n [\n -144.700927734375,\n 66.53951732435127\n ],\n [\n -144.678955078125,\n 66.67038675925365\n ],\n [\n -145.140380859375,\n 66.73556274968628\n ],\n [\n -145.283203125,\n 66.7789178367468\n ],\n [\n -145.491943359375,\n 66.7789178367468\n ],\n [\n -145.78857421875,\n 66.76158496773226\n ],\n [\n -146.019287109375,\n 66.69647781801481\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e91fe4b0c8380cd480ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, B. 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C.","contributorId":105258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Voss, C.I.","contributorId":79515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jorgenson, M.T.","contributorId":26889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle Ann 0000-0003-4269-8366 walvoord@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":147211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"walvoord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wylie, B.K. 0000-0002-7374-1083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":24877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"B.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Anderson, L.","contributorId":22571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ball, L.B.","contributorId":37683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, M.","contributorId":102422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wellman, T.P.","contributorId":92862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellman","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ager, T. A.","contributorId":88386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70032262,"text":"70032262 - 2012 - Nonlinear effects of group size on the success of wolves hunting elk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T19:37:07.184022","indexId":"70032262","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":981,"text":"Behavioral Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlinear effects of group size on the success of wolves hunting elk","docAbstract":"

Despite the popular view that social predators live in groups because group hunting facilitates prey capture, the apparent tendency for hunting success to peak at small group sizes suggests that the formation of large groups is unrelated to prey capture. Few empirical studies, however, have tested for nonlinear relationships between hunting success and group size, and none have demonstrated why success trails off after peaking. Here, we use a unique dataset of observations of individually known wolves (Canis lupus) hunting elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park to show that the relationship between success and group size is indeed nonlinear and that individuals withholding effort (free riding) is why success does not increase across large group sizes. Beyond 4 wolves, hunting success leveled off, and individual performance (a measure of effort) decreased for reasons unrelated to interference from inept hunters, individual age, or size. But performance did drop faster among wolves with an incentive to hold back, i.e., nonbreeders with no dependent offspring, those performing dangerous predatory tasks, i.e., grabbing and restraining prey, and those in groups of proficient hunters. These results suggest that decreasing performance was free riding and that was why success leveled off in groups with >4 wolves that had superficially appeared to be cooperating. This is the first direct evidence that nonlinear trends in group hunting success reflect a switch from cooperation to free riding. It also highlights how hunting success per se is unlikely to promote formation and maintenance of large groups.

","language":"English","doi":"10.1093/beheco/arr159","issn":"10452249","usgsCitation":"MacNulty, D., Smith, D., Mech, L.D., Vucetich, J., and Packer, C., 2012, Nonlinear effects of group size on the success of wolves hunting elk: Behavioral Ecology, v. 23, no. 1, p. 75-82, https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr159.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"82","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474823,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr159","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242644,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214888,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arr159"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.1484375,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -109.64355468749999,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -109.64355468749999,\n 45.82879925192134\n ],\n [\n -112.1484375,\n 45.82879925192134\n ],\n [\n -112.1484375,\n 43.96119063892024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6783e4b0c8380cd7337f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacNulty, D.R.","contributorId":7661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacNulty","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D.W.","contributorId":24726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":435321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vucetich, J.A.","contributorId":36098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vucetich","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Packer, C.","contributorId":45532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Packer","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":435320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70044076,"text":"70044076 - 2012 - Parasite invasion following host reintroduction: a case of Yellowstone’s wolves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-26T13:24:19","indexId":"70044076","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3048,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parasite invasion following host reintroduction: a case of Yellowstone’s wolves","docAbstract":"Wildlife reintroductions select or treat individuals for good health with the expectation that these individuals will fare better than infected animals. However, these individuals, new to their environment, may also be particularly susceptible to circulating infections and this may result in high morbidity and mortality, potentially jeopardizing the goals of recovery. Here, using the reintroduction of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) into Yellowstone National Park as a case study, we address the question of how parasites invade a reintroduced population and consider the impact of these invasions on population performance. We find that several viral parasites rapidly invaded the population inside the park, likely via spillover from resident canid species, and we contrast these with the slower invasion of sarcoptic mange, caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. The spatio-temporal patterns of mange invasion were largely consistent with patterns of host connectivity and density, and we demonstrate that the area of highest resource quality, supporting the greatest density of wolves, is also the region that appears most susceptible to repeated disease invasion and parasite-induced declines. The success of wolf reintroduction appears not to have been jeopardized by infectious disease, but now shows signs of regulation or limitation modulated by parasites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2011.0369","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Almberg, E., Dobson, A.P., Smith, D.W., and Hudson, P., 2012, Parasite invasion following host reintroduction: a case of Yellowstone’s wolves: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 367, no. 1604, p. 2840-2851, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0369.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2840","endPage":"2851","numberOfPages":"12","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032996","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0369","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":270138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270133,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0369"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.1560,44.1313 ], [ -111.1560,45.1090 ], [ -109.8255,45.1090 ], [ -109.8255,44.1313 ], [ -111.1560,44.1313 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"367","issue":"1604","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5152c3a4e4b01197b08e9ce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Almberg, Emily S.","contributorId":101111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almberg","given":"Emily S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobson, Andrew P.","contributorId":63693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Douglas W.","contributorId":95727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudson, Peter J.","contributorId":85056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70043480,"text":"70043480 - 2012 - Experimental and environmental factors affect spurious detection of ecological thresholds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T13:38:17","indexId":"70043480","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental and environmental factors affect spurious detection of ecological thresholds","docAbstract":"Threshold detection methods are increasingly popular for assessing nonlinear responses to environmental change, but their statistical performance remains poorly understood. We simulated linear change in stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities and evaluated the performance of commonly used threshold detection methods based on model fitting (piecewise quantile regression [PQR]), data partitioning (nonparametric change point analysis [NCPA]), and a hybrid approach (significant zero crossings [SiZer]). We demonstrated that false detection of ecological thresholds (type I errors) and inferences on threshold locations are influenced by sample size, rate of linear change, and frequency of observations across the environmental gradient (i.e., sample-environment distribution, SED). However, the relative importance of these factors varied among statistical methods and between inference types. False detection rates were influenced primarily by user-selected parameters for PQR (τ) and SiZer (bandwidth) and secondarily by sample size (for PQR) and SED (for SiZer). In contrast, the location of reported thresholds was influenced primarily by SED. Bootstrapped confidence intervals for NCPA threshold locations revealed strong correspondence to SED. We conclude that the choice of statistical methods for threshold detection should be matched to experimental and environmental constraints to minimize false detection rates and avoid spurious inferences regarding threshold location.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ESA (Ecological Society of America)","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/11-0516.1","usgsCitation":"Daily, J., Hitt, N.P., Smith, D., and Snyder, C.D., 2012, Experimental and environmental factors affect spurious detection of ecological thresholds: Ecology, v. 93, no. 1, p. 17-23, https://doi.org/10.1890/11-0516.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"7","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-026563","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/11-0516.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268713,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-0516.1"}],"volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5135d076e4b03b8ec4025b45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daily, Jonathan P. jdaily@usgs.gov","contributorId":40484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daily","given":"Jonathan P.","email":"jdaily@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hitt, Nathaniel P. 0000-0002-1046-4568 nhitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-4568","contributorId":4435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nhitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David 0000-0001-6074-9257","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":1989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Snyder, Craig D. 0000-0002-3448-597X csnyder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3448-597X","contributorId":2568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"Craig","email":"csnyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173906,"text":"70173906 - 2012 - Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-15T11:38:03","indexId":"70173906","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys","docAbstract":"

Population declines of lamprey species have largely been attributed to habitat degradation, yet there still remain many unanswered questions about the relationships between lampreys and their habitats (Torgensen & Close 2004; Smith et al. 2011). One scarcely researched area of lamprey ecology is the effect of predation on lampreys (Cochran 2009). Specifically, the influence of available habitat on predation risk has not been documented for larval lampreys but may be important to the management and conservation of lamprey populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.M., Welsh, S., and Turk, P.J., 2012, Available benthic habitat type may influence predation risk in larval lampreys: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 21, no. 1, p. 160-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2011.00532.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"163","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-032153","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Monongahela River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.26611328125,\n 39.707186656826565\n ],\n [\n -81.1395263671875,\n 38.3287297527893\n ],\n [\n -80.496826171875,\n 37.92253448828906\n ],\n [\n -79.8431396484375,\n 37.94852933714952\n ],\n [\n -79.4970703125,\n 39.20246222588238\n ],\n [\n -79.47509765625,\n 39.715638134796336\n ],\n [\n -80.26611328125,\n 39.707186656826565\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57627c2ee4b07657d19a69ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Dustin M.","contributorId":171829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Dustin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X swelsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":152088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart A.","email":"swelsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turk, Philip J.","contributorId":171830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turk","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70043573,"text":"70043573 - 2011 - Multi-species attributes as the condition for adaptive sampling of rare species using two-stage sequential sampling with an auxiliary variable","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-25T13:42:53","indexId":"70043573","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Multi-species attributes as the condition for adaptive sampling of rare species using two-stage sequential sampling with an auxiliary variable","docAbstract":"Assessing populations of rare species is challenging because of the large effort required to locate patches of occupied habitat and achieve precise estimates of density and abundance. The presence of a rare species has been shown to be correlated with presence or abundance of more common species. Thus, ecological community richness or abundance can be used to inform sampling of rare species. Adaptive sampling designs have been developed specifically for rare and clustered populations and have been applied to a wide range of rare species. However, adaptive sampling can be logistically challenging, in part, because variation in final sample size introduces uncertainty in survey planning. Two-stage sequential sampling (TSS), a recently developed design, allows for adaptive sampling, but avoids edge units and has an upper bound on final sample size. In this paper we present an extension of two-stage sequential sampling that incorporates an auxiliary variable (TSSAV), such as community attributes, as the condition for adaptive sampling. We develop a set of simulations to approximate sampling of endangered freshwater mussels to evaluate the performance of the TSSAV design. The performance measures that we are interested in are efficiency and probability of sampling a unit occupied by the rare species. Efficiency measures the precision of population estimate from the TSSAV design relative to a standard design, such as simple random sampling (SRS). The simulations indicate that the density and distribution of the auxiliary population is the most important determinant of the performance of the TSSAV design. Of the design factors, such as sample size, the fraction of the primary units sampled was most important. For the best scenarios, the odds of sampling the rare species was approximately 1.5 times higher for TSSAV compared to SRS and efficiency was as high as 2 (i.e., variance from TSSAV was half that of SRS). We have found that design performance, especially for adaptive designs, is often case-specific. Efficiency of adaptive designs is especially sensitive to spatial distribution. We recommend that simulations tailored to the application of interest are highly useful for evaluating designs in preparation for sampling rare and clustered populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"MODSIM2011, 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2011","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"MSSANZ","publisherLocation":"http://www.mssanz.org.au/index.html","usgsCitation":"Panahbehagh, B., Smith, D., Salehi, M., Hornbach, D., and Brown, D., 2011, Multi-species attributes as the condition for adaptive sampling of rare species using two-stage sequential sampling with an auxiliary variable, in MODSIM2011, 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, December 2011, p. 2093-2099.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2093","endPage":"2099","ipdsId":"IP-032634","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270008,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2011/E7/panahbehagh.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51517210e4b087909f0bbf09","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Chan, F.","contributorId":95797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chan","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":509213,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marinova, D.","contributorId":112533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marinova","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509215,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderssen, R.S.","contributorId":111678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderssen","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509214,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Panahbehagh, B.","contributorId":45598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panahbehagh","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. 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R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salehi, M.M.","contributorId":14210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salehi","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hornbach, D.J.","contributorId":100781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornbach","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, D.J.","contributorId":106700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70044063,"text":"70044063 - 2011 - Infectious diseases in Yellowstone’s canid community","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-11T11:26:44","indexId":"70044063","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3802,"text":"Yellowstone Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infectious diseases in Yellowstone’s canid community","docAbstract":"Each summer Yellowstone Wolf Project staff visit den sites to monitor the success of wolf reproduction and pup rearing behavior. For the purposes of wolf monitoring, Yellowstone National Park (YNP) is divided into two study areas, the northern range and the interior, each distinguished by their ecological and physiographical differences. The 1,000 square kilometer northern range, characterized by lower elevations (1,500–2,200 m), serves as prime winter habitat for ungulates and supports a higher density of wolves than the interior (20–99 wolves/1,000 km2 versus 2–11 wolves/1,000 km2). The interior of the park encompasses 7,991 square kilometers, is higher in elevation, receives higher annual snowfall, and generally supports lower densities of wolves and ungulates. During the Yellowstone Wolf Project’s 2005 observations on the northern range, researchers noticed that some wolf pups were disappearing and those that remained were unusually listless. The Slough Creek pups, at first numbering 18, dwindled to three survivors. Similar findings were mirrored at other den sites across the northern range. When annual den surveys were conducted in late July, all that remained were scattered piles of bones and fur. Coyotes suffered similar setbacks in 2005, with many of the survivors exhibiting neurological shakes and tremors. The park’s canids had been affected by something, but what? Prompted by what seemed to be a disease outbreak, the Yellowstone Wolf Project, the Yellowstone Ecological Research Center (YERC), and the University of Minnesota decided to take several collaborative approaches toward improving our understanding of the presence and role of infectious disease in Yellowstone’s canid community. Several serological studies have been conducted in the past among the park’s coyotes (Gese et al. 1997) and cougars (Biek 2006), providing a helpful foundation on which to build and compare. A serological survey was conducted, using serum samples collected during routine wolf and coyote captures over a period of 18 years (Almberg et al. 2009). Simulation models were used to explore the dynamics of canine distemper virus (Almberg et al. 2010)—one of the more prominent pathogens in terms of its effects on its hosts—and several long-term pathogen surveillance projects were initiated which are intended to someday provide a foundation for more advanced genetic-based analyses of pathogen dynamics. Since these initial efforts, the group has also expanded the research to include a study of sarcoptic mange, which began affecting wolves and coyotes in YNP in 2006 and 2007.","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Almberg, E., Cross, P.C., Mech, L.D., Smith, D.W., Sheldon, J.W., and Crabtree, R., 2011, Infectious diseases in Yellowstone’s canid community: Yellowstone Science, v. 19, no. 2, p. 16-24.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-022718","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273421,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.greateryellowstonescience.org/sites/default/files/YS_19_2_Almberg_sm.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.156,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,44.1324 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b300e4e4b01368e589e3d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Almberg, Emily S.","contributorId":101111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almberg","given":"Emily S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Doug W.","contributorId":9557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Doug","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sheldon, Jennifer W.","contributorId":56961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheldon","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crabtree, Robert L.","contributorId":59712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crabtree","given":"Robert L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70005575,"text":"70005575 - 2011 - Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T22:26:50.746887","indexId":"70005575","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-28T09:03:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance","docAbstract":"

Understanding how events during one period of the annual cycle carry over to affect survival and other fitness components in other periods is essential to understanding migratory bird demography and conservation needs. Previous research has suggested that western Atlantic red knot (Calidris canutus rufa) populations are greatly affected by horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) egg availability at Delaware Bay stopover sites during their spring northward migration. We present a mass‐based multistate, capture‐recapture/resighting model linking (1) red knot stopover mass gain to horseshoe crab spawning abundance and (2) subsequent apparent annual survival to mass state at the time of departure from the Delaware Bay stopover area. The model and analysis use capture‐recapture/resighting data with over 16,000 individual captures and 13,000 resightings collected in Delaware Bay over a 12 year period from 1997–2008, and the results are used to evaluate the central management hypothesis that red knot populations can be influenced by horseshoe crab harvest regulations as part of a larger adaptive management effort. Model selection statistics showed support for a positive relationship between horseshoe crab spawning abundance during the stopover and the probability of red knots gaining mass (parameter coefficient from the top model b̂ = 1.71, \"inline = 0.46). Our analyses also supported the link between red knot mass and apparent annual survival, although average estimates for the two mass classes differed only slightly. The addition of arctic snow depth as a covariate influencing apparent survival improved the fit of the data to the models (parameter coefficient from the top model b̂ = 0.50, \"inline = 0.08). Our results indicate that managing horseshoe crab resources in the Delaware Bay has the potential to improve red knot population status.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES11-00106.1","usgsCitation":"McGowan, C., Hines, J., Nichols, J., Lyons, J., Smith, D., Kalasz, K.S., Niles, L.J., Dey, A.D., Clark, N.A., Atkinson, P.W., Minton, C.D., and Kendall, W., 2011, Demographic consequences of migratory stopover: Linking red knot survival to horseshoe crab spawning abundance: Ecosphere, v. 2, no. 6, 69, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00106.1.","productDescription":"69, 22 p.","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":474753,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es11-00106.1","text":"Publisher Index 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These data were collected to estimate the three-dimensional distribution of permafrost at the time of the survey. These data were also collected to evaluate the effectiveness of these geophysical methods at mapping permafrost geometry and to better define the physical properties of the subsurface in discontinuous permafrost areas. This report releases digital data associated with these surveys. Inverted resistivity depth sections are also provided in this data release, and data processing and inversion methods are discussed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111304","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Fugro Airborne Surveys, Limited, and the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory","usgsCitation":"Ball, L.B., Smith, B.D., Minsley, B.J., Abraham, J., Voss, C.I., Astley, B.N., Deszcz-Pan, M., and Cannia, J.C., 2011, Airborne electromagnetic and magnetic geophysical survey data of the Yukon Flats and Fort Wainwright areas, central Alaska, June 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1304, vi, 21 p.; Appendix 1; Appendix 2; Appendix 3; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111304.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.; Appendix 1; Appendix 2; Appendix 3; Downloads Directory","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1304.gif"},{"id":112457,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1304/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -149,65.5 ], [ -149,68 ], [ -143,68 ], [ -143,65.5 ], [ -149,65.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e91ee4b0c8380cd480e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ball, Lyndsay B. 0000-0002-6356-4693 lbball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-4693","contributorId":1138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"Lyndsay","email":"lbball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Bruce D. 0000-0002-1643-2997 bsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-2997","contributorId":845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bruce","email":"bsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abraham, Jared D.","contributorId":42630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"Jared D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Astley, Beth N.","contributorId":26424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Astley","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, Maria 0000-0002-6298-5314 maryla@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-5314","contributorId":1263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"Maria","email":"maryla@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cannia, James C.","contributorId":94356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}