Climate change has contributed to recent declines in mountain snowpack and earlier runoff, which in turn has intensified hydrological droughts in western North America. Climate model projections suggest that continued and severe snowpack reductions are expected over the 21st century, with profound consequences for ecosystems and human welfare. Yet the current understanding of trends and variability in mountain snowpack is limited by the relatively short and strongly temperature forced observational record. Motivated by the urgent need to better understand snowpack dynamics in a long-term, spatially coherent framework, here we examine snow-growth relationships in western North American tree-ring chronologies. We present an extensive network of snow-sensitive proxy data to support high space/time resolution paleosnow reconstruction, quantify and interpret the type and spatial density of snow related signals in tree-ring records, and examine the potential for regional bias in the tree-ring based reconstruction of different snow drought types (dry versus warm). Our results indicate three distinct snow-growth relationships in tree-ring chronologies: moisture-limited snow proxies that include a spring temperature signal, moisture-limited snow proxies lacking a spring temperature signal, and energy-limited snow proxies. Each proxy type is based on distinct physiological tree-growth mechanisms related to topographic and climatic site conditions, and provides unique information on mountain snowpack dynamics that can be capitalized upon within a statistical reconstruction framework. This work provides a platform and foundational background required for the accelerated production of high-quality annually-resolved snowpack reconstructions from regional to high (<12 km) spatial scales in western North America, and by extension, will support an improved understanding of the vulnerability of snowmelt-derived water resources to natural variability and future climate warming.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Science","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/abd5de","usgsCitation":"Coulthard, B.L., Anchukaitis, K.J., Pederson, G.T., Cook, E.R., Littell, J., and Smith, D.J., 2021, Snowpack signals in North American tree rings: Environmental Research Letters, v. 16, no. 3, 034037, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd5de.","productDescription":"034037, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122302","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abd5de","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coulthard, Bethany L.","contributorId":250711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coulthard","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37455,"text":"University of Nevada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anchukaitis, Kevin J.","contributorId":195005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anchukaitis","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pederson, Gregory T. 0000-0002-6014-1425 gpederson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-1425","contributorId":3106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gregory","email":"gpederson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cook, Edward R","contributorId":218752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":17701,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Littell, Jeremy S. 0000-0002-5302-8280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-8280","contributorId":205907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littell","given":"Jeremy","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Dan J.","contributorId":250712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70222932,"text":"70222932 - 2021 - The normal faulting 2020 Mw5.8 Lone Pine, Eastern California earthquake sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-10T14:45:36.085592","indexId":"70222932","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-16T09:35:41","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The normal faulting 2020 Mw5.8 Lone Pine, Eastern California earthquake sequence","title":"The normal faulting 2020 Mw5.8 Lone Pine, Eastern California earthquake sequence","docAbstract":"The 2020
Quantifiable estimates of predator–prey interactions and relationships in aquatic habitats are difficult to obtain and rare, especially when individuals cannot be readily observed. To overcome this observational impediment, imaging sonar was used to assess the cooccurrence of predator‐size fish and juvenile salmonids, Oncorhynchus spp., at the entrance to a floating surface collector (FSC) in the forebay of North Fork Dam on the Clackamas River, Oregon (USA). Imaging sonar can be used to transform active sound waves into visual data, making it possible to obtain continuous underwater observations on the presence and interspecific interactions between predator‐size fish and prey (juvenile salmonids). Hourly counts of smolt‐size fish tracks, diel phase, water clarity and river discharge were used as covariates within a zero‐inflated Poisson model to determine how these factors may influence the number of predators in front of the FSC. Both the number of smolt‐size fish tracks and diel phase had the strongest effects on the number of predator‐size fish tracks, with more predator‐size fish tracks observed during the daytime, and as the number of smolt‐size fish tracks increased. Additionally, the presence of predator‐size fish may affect the abundance and direction of travel of juvenile salmonids, as fewer smolt‐size fish were observed when predators were present, and a greater proportion of smolt‐size fish were observed travelling away from the FSC when predator‐size fish were present. This study provides estimates of predator and prey fish abundance in the vicinity of surface collection systems at moderate‐sized hydropower projects and could help resource managers better understand mechanisms that can influence the survival and passage behaviour of juvenile salmonids using surface collection structures at dams.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fme.12465","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.D., Plumb, J., Adams, N.S., and Wyatt, G.J., 2021, Predator and prey events at the entrance of a surface‐oriented fish collector at North Fork Dam, Oregon: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 172-182, https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12465.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"172","endPage":"182","ipdsId":"IP-097283","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":384347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Estacada","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.38632202148438,\n 45.273920035433605\n ],\n [\n -122.27645874023438,\n 45.273920035433605\n ],\n [\n -122.27645874023438,\n 45.319323121350145\n ],\n [\n -122.38632202148438,\n 45.319323121350145\n ],\n [\n -122.38632202148438,\n 45.273920035433605\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Collin D. 0000-0003-4184-5686 cdsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4184-5686","contributorId":3111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Collin","email":"cdsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plumb, John M. 0000-0003-4255-1612","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-1612","contributorId":220178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumb","given":"John","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Noah S. 0000-0002-8354-0293 nadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-0293","contributorId":3521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Noah","email":"nadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wyatt, Garth J","contributorId":214904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wyatt","given":"Garth","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":39135,"text":"Portland General Electric, 33831 Faraday Rd., Estacada, Oregon 97023","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70218644,"text":"70218644 - 2021 - Telemetry evaluation of carbon dioxide as a behavioral deterrent for invasive carps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-03T12:58:09.415186","indexId":"70218644","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-06T06:55:37","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Telemetry evaluation of carbon dioxide as a behavioral deterrent for invasive carps","docAbstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) mixed into water is being explored as a possible management strategy to deter the upstream movements of invasive carps through navigation locks and other migratory pinch-points. This study used two-dimensional acoustic telemetry to assess the effectiveness of dissolved CO2 as a chemosensory deterrent to two carp species in a large U-shaped pond. Free-swimming movements of telemetered bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were documented 24 h before treatment and 24 h during treatments at 60, 121 and 213 mg/L CO2 (mean concentrations in pond water). Several behavioral endpoints were then quantified and compared to evaluate deterrence efficacy. In general, results showed that both carp species responded similarly to CO2 treatments. Carps consistently relocated into areas away from the injection site and made fewer attempts to re-enter CO2 treated areas. On average, CO2 treatments reduced mid-line crosses between untreated and treated sides of the pond by 58% at 121 mg/L CO2 and 78% at 213 mg/L CO2 relative to normal swimming movements recorded before treatment. Fish swim speeds increased significantly when inside the CO2 plume during treatments during 213 mg/L CO2 trials relative to swim speeds outside the plume, possibly indicative of active searching and avoidance responses. Overall, this study found that CO2 altered the behavior of bighead carp and grass carp. Natural resource agencies could consider the CO2 concentrations identified in this study to inform future applications to deter invasive carps from locations where they are at-risk to move upstream.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.10.004","usgsCitation":"Cupp, A.R., Lopez, A.K., Smerud, J.R., Tix, J., Rivera, J., Swyers, N.M., Brey, M.K., Woodley, C.M., Smith, D.L., and Gaikowski, M., 2021, Telemetry evaluation of carbon dioxide as a behavioral deterrent for invasive carps: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. 1, p. 59-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.10.004.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-113141","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436647,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9QBSCIE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Acoustic telemetry evaluation of carbon dioxide as a behavioral deterrent for invasive fishes data"},{"id":383738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopez, Ashley K 0000-0002-7676-4803 aelopez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7676-4803","contributorId":253119,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez","given":"Ashley","email":"aelopez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":50484,"text":"ERDC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smerud, Justin R. 0000-0003-4385-7437 jrsmerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4385-7437","contributorId":5031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smerud","given":"Justin","email":"jrsmerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tix, John A.","contributorId":126766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tix","given":"John A.","affiliations":[{"id":6602,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center, Hammond Bay Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rivera, Jose 0000-0003-3756-6860 jrivera@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3756-6860","contributorId":201064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera","given":"Jose","email":"jrivera@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swyers, Nicholas M. nswyers@usgs.gov","contributorId":253120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swyers","given":"Nicholas","email":"nswyers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brey, Marybeth K. 0000-0003-4403-9655 mbrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-9655","contributorId":187651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brey","given":"Marybeth","email":"mbrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Woodley, Christa M.","contributorId":253121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodley","given":"Christa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":18947,"text":"USACE ERDC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":811246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smith, David L.","contributorId":192711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":811247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":149357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":811248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70214978,"text":"70214978 - 2021 - Hydrocarbons to carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules: A continuum model to describe biodegradation of petroleum-derived dissolved organic matter in contaminated groundwater plumes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-05T12:45:51.418963","indexId":"70214978","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-19T07:35:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2331,"text":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrocarbons to carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules: A continuum model to describe biodegradation of petroleum-derived dissolved organic matter in contaminated groundwater plumes","docAbstract":"Relationships between dissolved organic matter (DOM) reactivity and chemical composition in a groundwater plume containing petroleum-derived DOM (DOMHC) were examined by quantitative and qualitative measurements to determine the source and chemical composition of the compounds that persist downgradient. Samples were collected from a transect down the core of the plume in the direction of groundwater flow. An exponential decrease in dissolved organic carbon concentration resulting from biodegradation along the transect correlated with a continuous shift in fluorescent DOMHC from shorter to longer wavelengths. Moreover, ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry showed a shift from low molecular weight (MW) aliphatic, reduced compounds to high MW, unsaturated (alicyclic/aromatic), high oxygen compounds that are consistent with carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules. The degree of condensed aromaticity increased downgradient, indicating that compounds with larger, conjugated aromatic core structures were less susceptible to biodegradation. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed a decrease in alkyl (particularly methyl) and an increase in aromatic/olefinic structural motifs. Collectively, data obtained from the combination of these complementary analytical techniques indicated that changes in the DOMHC composition of a groundwater plume are gradual, as relatively low molecular weight (MW), reduced, aliphatic compounds from the oil source were selectively degraded and high MW, alicyclic/aromatic, oxidized compounds persisted.
The late Eocene Florissant Formation in central Colorado is a rich and diverse continental Lagerstätte yielding well-preserved fossil assemblages from lacustrine and fluvial facies. This investigation focused on the lacustrine facies at Clare’s Quarry and used biotic and abiotic evidence to characterize aspects of the lake and processes that resulted in the accumulation and preservation of the host rock and its fossils. Autecology of modern analogs representing the fossil diatom taxa was used to augment sedimentary data in characterizing the lake, propose peripheral habitats within the catchment area, and suggest a terrestrial source for mudstone units.
The sedimentary and stratigraphic record at the study site reveals a lake with sufficient depth to allow bottom waters to remain isolated and anoxic for long periods. Sediments that accumulated in the lake produced distinct lacustrine lithofacies that are interpreted as representing at least three modes of origin: stable lake, pyroclastic, and mud turbidite sedimentation. Slow, suspension settling of fine clays and volcanic ash into a moderately deep, stable lake resulted in laminated shales. These laminated shales contain frustules of diatoms from planktic and benthic lake habitats; diatoms transported into the lake from streams and wetlands; fish, mollusks, ostracods, and insects; and plants from marginal and upslope environments. Intermittent volcanic eruptions produced air-fall ash and granular tuff that accumulated as interbeds within the lake shales. Periods of stable lake sedimentation were frequently interrupted by rapid influxes of suspended fine clays, perhaps as mud-dominated turbidites that prograded into the lake at intervals of high runoff triggered by climatic, volcanic, or tectonic events.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"From saline to freshwater: The diversity of western lakes in space and time","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2018.2536(10)","usgsCitation":"Benson, M., Smith, D.M., and Spaulding, S.A., 2021, Perspectives on the paleolimnology of the late Eocene Florissant lake from diatom and sedimentary evidence at Clare’s Quarry, Teller County, Colorado, USA, chap. 10 of From saline to freshwater: The diversity of western lakes in space and time, v. 536, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.2536(10).","productDescription":"26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-077030","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Teller County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-105.3232,39.1307],[-105.274,39.1309],[-105.1607,39.1306],[-105.0503,39.1312],[-105.032,39.1311],[-105.026,39.0413],[-105.0296,38.8668],[-105.0502,38.8665],[-105.0674,38.8666],[-105.0671,38.7946],[-104.939,38.7949],[-104.9386,38.7808],[-104.9399,38.6938],[-104.9428,38.6938],[-104.9427,38.6648],[-104.9427,38.6621],[-104.9429,38.6503],[-104.9429,38.6467],[-104.9806,38.6479],[-104.9989,38.649],[-105.0507,38.6507],[-105.0696,38.6473],[-105.0755,38.646],[-105.0885,38.646],[-105.1657,38.6461],[-105.1845,38.6458],[-105.2222,38.6461],[-105.2387,38.6462],[-105.239,38.677],[-105.2394,38.6965],[-105.2741,38.6971],[-105.2765,38.6972],[-105.3119,38.6969],[-105.3319,38.697],[-105.3294,38.779],[-105.3292,38.867],[-105.3296,38.9535],[-105.3297,39.0116],[-105.3297,39.1308],[-105.3232,39.1307]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Teller\",\"state\":\"CO\"}}]}","volume":"536","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Mary Ellen 0000-0002-4424-0730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4424-0730","contributorId":212794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Mary Ellen","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":756608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Dena M. 0000-0002-1689-7188","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1689-7188","contributorId":212795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Dena","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12642,"text":"National Science Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spaulding, Sarah A. 0000-0002-9787-7743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-7743","contributorId":212796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spaulding","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70223362,"text":"70223362 - 2020 - The Long-term effect of bleeding for Limulus amebocyte lysate on annual survival and recapture of tagged horseshoe crabs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-25T13:31:32.56306","indexId":"70223362","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-21T08:16:05","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3912,"text":"Frontiers in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2296-7745","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Long-term effect of bleeding for Limulus amebocyte lysate on annual survival and recapture of tagged horseshoe crabs","docAbstract":"In the U.S., 525,000 horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) per year have been captured during 2013–2017, brought to biomedical facilities, and bled to produce Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL), then mostly released to the area of capture. The Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission estimates short-term bleeding-induced mortality to be 15% (4% to 30%), resulting in mortality of approximately 78,750 horseshoe crabs annually in recent years comprising a minor portion (<13%) of the up to one million annual coastwide landings dominated by harvest for bait. However, the long-term effect of bleeding for LAL on annual survival and spawning behavior is unknown; thus, results from short-term studies alone might underestimate bleeding effects at the population level. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed data from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife horseshoe crab tagging database to estimate the differences in survival and recapture rates of bled and not bled horseshoe crabs tagged in the same years and geographic area. Contrary to expectation, survival was not lower for bled crabs compared to unbled crabs. Differences varied, but survival estimates tended to be higher for bled crabs than for unbled crabs. However, biomedical culling and selection for younger or healthier animals could have resulted in biomedically tagged individuals representing a healthier subset of the overall population with subsequent higher survival. Furthermore, the tagging analysis revealed a post-bleeding reduction in capture probability, which could indicate decreased spawning activity, evident in males more than females. Continued tagging of bled and unbled crabs in the same geographic area while recording age class and sex will contribute to the further resolution of LAL production’s effect on horseshoe crab populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2020.607668","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.R., Newhard, J., McGowan, C.P., and Butler, C.A., 2020, The Long-term effect of bleeding for Limulus amebocyte lysate on annual survival and recapture of tagged horseshoe crabs: Frontiers in Marine Science, v. 7, 607668, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.607668.","productDescription":"607668, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115044","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.607668","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 37.09900294387622\n ],\n [\n -75.08056640625,\n 37.97018468810549\n ],\n [\n -74.6630859375,\n 38.496593518947584\n ],\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 38.950865400919994\n ],\n [\n -74.8828125,\n 39.172658670429946\n ],\n [\n -75.509033203125,\n 39.46164364205549\n ],\n [\n -75.421142578125,\n 39.257778150283364\n ],\n [\n -75.30029296875,\n 38.89958342598271\n ],\n [\n -75.12451171875,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -75.146484375,\n 38.53097889440024\n ],\n [\n -75.135498046875,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -75.30029296875,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -75.7177734375,\n 37.55328764595765\n ],\n [\n -75.89355468749999,\n 37.274052809979054\n ],\n [\n -75.69580078125,\n 37.09900294387622\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newhard, Joshua","contributorId":264675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newhard","given":"Joshua","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":167162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":821864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butler, C. Alyssa","contributorId":264748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alyssa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70228158,"text":"70228158 - 2020 - Warmer temperatures interact with salinity to weaken physiological facilitation to stress in freshwater fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-07T18:51:01.29747","indexId":"70228158","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-15T12:30:28","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3919,"text":"Conservation Physiology","onlineIssn":"2051-1434","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Warmer temperatures interact with salinity to weaken physiological facilitation to stress in freshwater fishes","docAbstract":"Management of stressors requires an understanding of how multiple stressors interact, how different species respond to those interactions and the underlying mechanisms driving observed patterns in species' responses. Salinization and rising temperatures are two pertinent stressors predicted to intensify in freshwater ecosystems, posing concern for how susceptible organisms achieve and maintain homeostasis (i.e. allostasis). Here, glucocorticoid hormones (e.g. cortisol), responsible for mobilizing energy (e.g. glucose) to relevant physiological processes for the duration of stressors, are liable to vary in response to the duration and severity of salinization and temperature rises. With field and laboratory studies, we evaluated how both salinity and temperature influence basal and stress-reactive cortisol and glucose levels in age 1+ mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdii), mountain sucker (Catostomus platyrhynchus) and Colorado River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki pleuriticus). We found that temperature generally had the greatest effect on cortisol and glucose concentrations and the effect of salinity was often temperature dependent. We also found that when individuals were chronically exposed to higher salinities, baseline concentrations of cortisol and glucose usually declined as salinity increased. Reductions in baseline concentrations facilitated stronger stress reactivity for cortisol and glucose when exposed to additional stressors, which weakened as temperatures increased. Controlled temperatures near the species' thermal maxima became the overriding factor regulating fish physiology, resulting in inhibitory responses. With projected increases in freshwater salinization and temperatures, efforts to reduce the negative effects of increasing temperatures (i.e. increased refuge habitats and riparian cover) could moderate the inhibitory effects of temperature-dependent effects of salinization for freshwater fishes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaa107","usgsCitation":"Walker, R.H., Smith, G.D., Hudson, S.B., Susannah S. French, S.S., and Walters, A.W., 2020, Warmer temperatures interact with salinity to weaken physiological facilitation to stress in freshwater fishes: Conservation Physiology, v. 8, no. 1, coaa107, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaa107.","productDescription":"coaa107, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-109141","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454658,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaa107","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IBV1RJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Salinity-temperature Interactions on Freshwater Fish Physiology (2015-2018)"},{"id":395556,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Upper Green River basin, Wyoming Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.73556518554688,\n 42.703632059618045\n ],\n [\n -109.8193359375,\n 42.67536823702857\n ],\n [\n -109.90859985351561,\n 42.62385465855651\n ],\n [\n -110.07064819335938,\n 42.53689200787317\n ],\n [\n -110.14068603515625,\n 42.48728928565912\n ],\n [\n -110.12763977050781,\n 42.407234661551875\n ],\n [\n -110.14892578125,\n 42.36158819524629\n ],\n [\n -110.2313232421875,\n 42.259016415705766\n ],\n [\n -110.20111083984375,\n 42.18579390537848\n ],\n [\n -110.20523071289061,\n 42.12674735753131\n ],\n [\n -110.14892578125,\n 41.98603585974727\n ],\n [\n -109.92095947265625,\n 41.90636538970964\n ],\n [\n -109.77539062499999,\n 41.72828028223453\n ],\n [\n -109.5391845703125,\n 41.45301999377133\n ],\n [\n -109.54193115234374,\n 41.3500103516271\n ],\n [\n -109.4073486328125,\n 41.29431726315258\n ],\n [\n -109.28375244140625,\n 41.413895564677304\n ],\n [\n -109.5611572265625,\n 41.84910468610387\n ],\n [\n -110.04180908203124,\n 42.338244963350846\n ],\n [\n -109.86328125,\n 42.559149812115876\n ],\n [\n -109.6490478515625,\n 42.68041629144619\n ],\n [\n -109.73556518554688,\n 42.703632059618045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Richard H.","contributorId":274736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":40829,"text":"uwy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Geoffrey D.","contributorId":274737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":28050,"text":"USU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hudson, Spencer B","contributorId":274740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Spencer","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":40829,"text":"uwy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Susannah S. French, Susannah S.","contributorId":274743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Susannah S. French","given":"Susannah","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":28050,"text":"USU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216902,"text":"70216902 - 2020 - A Bayesian framework for assessing extinction risk based on ordinal categories of population condition and projected landscape change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-16T12:42:33.284544","indexId":"70216902","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-11T07:26:02","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Bayesian framework for assessing extinction risk based on ordinal categories of population condition and projected landscape change","docAbstract":"Many at-risk species lack standardized surveys across their range or quantitative data capable of detecting demographic trends. As a result, extinction risk assessments often rely on ordinal categories of risk based on explicit criteria or expert elicitation. This study demonstrates a Bayesian approach to assessing extinction risk based on this common data structure, using three freshwater mussel species being considered for listing under the US Endangered Species Act. The probability that a population is classified under each risk category was modeled as a function of projected landscape change using ordered probit regression, assuming observed categories reflect a latent, continuous probability of persistence. All three species were more likely than not (mean probability >0.5) to be classified as extirpated or low condition throughout their range based on effects of urban development and hydrologic alteration. Spatial variation in estimates revealed strongholds and high-risk areas relevant to conservation decision making. Projected change in probabilities of each risk category based on multiple land-use and climate models was generally small relative to high baseline risk resulting from past landscape changes. Assessing extinction risk based on probabilities of ordinal condition as a function of landscape patterns may provide a flexible and robust approach for many at-risk taxa by adjusting species' demographic criteria to match relative risk categories, following standardized criteria, or using expert elicitation for data-deficient species. This approach provides decision makers with a useful measure of uncertainty around ordinal classifications and provides a framework for estimating future risk based on projections of anthropogenic stressors.
No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Yellowstone wolves: Science and discovery in the world's first national park","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago","usgsCitation":"Brandell, E.E., Almberg, E.S., Cross, P., Dobson, A.P., Smith, D., and Hudson, P.J., 2020, Infectious diseases in Yellowstone’s wolves, chap. 9 of Yellowstone wolves: Science and discovery in the world's first national park.","ipdsId":"IP-093319","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.104736328125,\n 43.65197548731187\n ],\n [\n -109.2041015625,\n 43.65197548731187\n ],\n [\n -109.2041015625,\n 44.98811302615805\n ],\n [\n -111.104736328125,\n 44.98811302615805\n ],\n [\n -111.104736328125,\n 43.65197548731187\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brandell, Ellen E. 0000-0002-2698-7013","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2698-7013","contributorId":207016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandell","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":25381,"text":"Penn State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Almberg, Emily S.","contributorId":198304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Almberg","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":204814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dobson, Andrew P","contributorId":251766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":6644,"text":"Princeton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Douglas W.","contributorId":179181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hudson, Peter J.","contributorId":192149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70213277,"text":"sir20205068 - 2020 - Temperature and water-quality diversity and the effects of surface-water connection in off-channel features of the Willamette River, Oregon, 2015–16","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-17T16:54:15.231751","indexId":"sir20205068","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-16T13:50:58","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5068","displayTitle":"Temperature and Water-Quality Diversity and the Effects of Surface-Water Connection in Off-Channel Features of the Willamette River, Oregon, 2015–16","title":"Temperature and water-quality diversity and the effects of surface-water connection in off-channel features of the Willamette River, Oregon, 2015–16","docAbstract":"Water-quality conditions (including temperature) in the Willamette River and many of its adjacent off-channel features, such as alcoves and side channels, were monitored between river miles 67 (near Salem, Oregon) and 168 (near Eugene, Oregon) during the summers of 2015 and 2016. One or more parameters (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and [or] water depth) were continuously measured at sites in the main channel (9 sites in 2015; 5 sites in 2016) and select off-channel features (20 features in 2015; 22 features in 2016). This study was initiated in reaction to the unusually warm, dry weather and resulting low streamflows that occurred in the Pacific Northwest in 2015 and the need for flow managers to understand the effects of streamflow on water-quality conditions in off-channel features of the Willamette River. Field monitoring was focused on documenting water-quality conditions during low summer streamflows and during fluctuations in streamflow, including when side channels became alcoves and reconnected to become side channels again.
Water in the main channel of the Willamette River upstream from river mile 50 near Newberg typically is well mixed during summer, with warm water temperatures (greater than 18 degrees Celsius) and high dissolved-oxygen concentrations (often greater than 7.7 milligrams per liter). During low summer flows, a diverse suite of off-channel features exists adjacent to the main channel of the Willamette River. Despite temporal and spatial variability within individual features, comparison of continuous water-temperature data between the main channel and off-channel features indicated that some off-channel features were consistently cooler than the main channel, some were consistently warmer than the main channel, and others frequently fluctuated between warmer or cooler than the main channel. Site-specific characteristics including upstream connection, depth, and presence or absence of aquatic or riparian vegetation were factors that seemed to affect the water quality of a feature.
Results from this study showed a relation between the geomorphology, hydrology, ecology, and water quality of an off-channel feature. Data confirmed that many features that can be classified as cold-water refuges based on water-temperature standards also contained low concentrations of dissolved oxygen that may not be suitable for sensitive fish species. A simplified site classification scheme is proposed that links water-quality conditions in measured off-channel features with site-specific characteristics and summer streamflows. The site classification scheme was extended to create a theoretical process matrix that relates measured water-quality conditions to a list of the processes and site-specific characteristics that could create those conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205068","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.D., Mangano, J.F., and Rounds, S.A., 2020, Temperature and water-quality diversity and the effects of surface-water connection in off-channel features of the Willamette River, Oregon, 2015–16: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5068, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205068.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 70 p.; 3 Data Releases","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-102289","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378475,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F73T9FPK","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Continuous temperature measurements to assess upstream connection of off-channel features of the middle and upper Willamette River, Oregon, summer, 2016"},{"id":378473,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7VQ315D","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Point measurements of temperature and water quality in main-channel and off-channel features of the Willamette River, 2015 -16"},{"id":378472,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5068/sir20205068.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5068"},{"id":378471,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5068/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":378474,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F77M06DV","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Water surface elevations recorded by submerged water level loggers in off-channel features of the middle and upper Willamette River, Oregon, summer, 2016"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 44.133333\n ],\n [\n -122.43713378906249,\n 44.133333\n ],\n [\n -122.43713378906249,\n 45.216667\n ],\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 45.216667\n ],\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 44.133333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
Tiger populations are declining globally, and depletion of major ungulate prey is an important contributing factor. To better understand factors affecting prey distribution in Thailand’s Western Forest Complex (WEFCOM), we conducted sign surveys for gaur (Bos gaurus), banteng (Bos javanicus), and sambar (Rusa unicolor) along 3517 1-km transects and used occupancy models to identify important covariates associated with habitat use by each species. Habitat use by both gaur and sambar was lowest in areas closest to human settlements, although sambar preferred lower slopes near streams whereas gaur preferred steeper slopes at higher elevations. Banteng were found in only one of 17 protected areas (Huai Kha Khaeng [HKK] Wildlife Sanctuary), where they used low elevations and low slopes. We used these modeled relationships to predict occurrence of gaur, sambar, and banteng across each square km of the 19,000 km2 WEFCOM landscape, using > 60 % occupancy probability to define suitable habitat use for each species. Based on this criterion, gaur and sambar occupied 28 and 50 % of suitable habitat in WEFCOM, and banteng occupied 57 % of suitable habitat in HKK. We used our models to assess the effectiveness of two hypothetical conservation initiatives. First, we modeled the impact of decreasing human activities around nine villages in the core of WEFCOM, which increased predicted suitable habitat in WEFCOM to 68 and 75 % for guar and sambar. We also modeled the extent of potential banteng habitat that still remains in the other 16 protected areas. This could result in a 4-fold increase in banteng suitable habitat in WEFCOM. This is the first study to use occupancy surveys to determine where large prey species can be restored to support management to increase the distribution of tigers, and potentially fill a half-full tiger landscape.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has been approved by the US Environmental Protection Agency as a new aquatic pesticide to control invasive Asian carps and other aquatic nuisance species in the United States. However, limited CO2 toxicity data could make it challenging for resource managers to characterize the potential risk to nontarget species during CO2 applications. The present study quantified the toxicity of CO2 to 2 native riverine fishes, bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), using 12‐h continuous flow‐through CO2 exposure at 5, 15, and 25 °C water temperatures. Resulting survival indicated that bluegill (median lethal concentration [LC50] range 91–140 mg/L CO2) were more sensitive to CO2 than fathead minnow (LC50 range 235–306 mg/L CO2) across all water temperatures. Bluegill were also more sensitive to CO2 at 5 °C (LC50 91 mg/L CO2, 95% CI 85–96 mg/L CO2) than at 25 °C (LC50 140 mg/L CO2, 95% CI 135–146 mg/L CO2). Fathead minnow showed an opposite response and were less sensitive at 5 °C (LC50 306 mg/L CO2, 95% CI 286–327 mg/L CO2) relative to 25 °C (LC50 235 mg/L CO2, 95% CI 224–246 mg/L CO2). Our results show that CO2 toxicity can differ by species and water temperature. Data from the present study may inform decisions related to the use of CO2 as a control tool. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2247–2255. Published 2020. This article is a U.S. government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.4855","usgsCitation":"Cupp, A.R., Smerud, J.R., Thomas, L.M., Waller, D.L., Smith, D.L., Erickson, R.A., and Gaikowski, M., 2020, Toxicity of carbon dioxide to freshwater fishes: Implications for aquatic invasive species management: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (ET&C), v. 39, no. 11, p. 2247-2255, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4855.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2247","endPage":"2255","ipdsId":"IP-115255","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9M4VYY3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Toxicity of carbon dioxide to two freshwater fishes data"},{"id":379795,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smerud, Justin R. 0000-0003-4385-7437 jrsmerud@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4385-7437","contributorId":5031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smerud","given":"Justin","email":"jrsmerud@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Linnea M 0000-0002-0140-1207","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-1207","contributorId":244022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Linnea","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waller, Diane L. 0000-0002-6104-810X dwaller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6104-810X","contributorId":5272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"Diane","email":"dwaller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, David L.","contributorId":192711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":149357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70228229,"text":"70228229 - 2020 - A fishery after the decline: The Susquehanna River Smallmouth Bass story","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-08T15:30:23.551832","indexId":"70228229","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-01T09:04:53","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5686,"text":"Fisheries Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A fishery after the decline: The Susquehanna River Smallmouth Bass story","docAbstract":"The Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu fishery in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania, is one of the most socioeconomically important fisheries in the region and has recently undergone considerable changes. These changes started in 2005, when disease was documented in young-of-the-year (age-0) Smallmouth Bass. Shortly thereafter, declines in abundance of both juveniles and adults were observed. These declines in abundance coincided with disease infections in age-0, intersex in adults, and concerns regarding contaminant exposure. Natural mortality rates, particularly for age-0, increased during this period (2005–2011), and there were concerns for the overall health of this world-class fishery. However, in recent years (2012–2017), there have been decreases in both mortality rates and external observations of disease and increases in abundance across multiple size-classes. Recent changes are encouraging for the future of the Smallmouth Bass fishery in the Susquehanna River. Yet, in light of the ever changing environmental, social, and anthropogenic influences on aquatic ecosystems, there remain concerns for Smallmouth Bass health and management. Because of this, ongoing research efforts are needed to monitor population and health changes and to conduct integrative research that considers complex relationships between organisms and their environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fsh.10491","usgsCitation":"Schall, M., Smith, G., Blazer, V., Walsh, H.L., Li, Y., and Wagner, T., 2020, A fishery after the decline: The Susquehanna River Smallmouth Bass story: Fisheries Magazine, v. 45, no. 11, p. 576-584, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10491.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"576","endPage":"584","ipdsId":"IP-113869","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.629638671875,\n 39.73253798438173\n ],\n [\n -75.95947265625,\n 39.73253798438173\n ],\n [\n -76.102294921875,\n 40.65563874006118\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 41.3850519497068\n ],\n [\n -76.04736328125,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -77.750244140625,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -77.618408203125,\n 40.371658891506094\n ],\n [\n -76.629638671875,\n 39.73253798438173\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schall, Megan K.","contributorId":264767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schall","given":"Megan K.","affiliations":[{"id":36985,"text":"Penn State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Geoffrey D.","contributorId":224595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Geoffrey D.","affiliations":[{"id":40898,"text":"Pennsylvania Fish & Boat Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walsh, Heather L. 0000-0001-6392-4604 hwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6392-4604","contributorId":4696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"Heather","email":"hwalsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Yan","contributorId":264515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yan","affiliations":[{"id":6738,"text":"The Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70211356,"text":"sir20205075 - 2020 - Estimates of groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, Stump Spring and Hiko Springs, Clark County, southern Nevada, 2016–18","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T18:35:24.827452","indexId":"sir20205075","displayToPublicDate":"2020-07-28T09:24:17","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5075","displayTitle":"Estimates of Groundwater Discharge by Evapotranspiration, Stump Spring and Hiko Springs, Clark County, Southern Nevada, 2016–18","title":"Estimates of groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, Stump Spring and Hiko Springs, Clark County, southern Nevada, 2016–18","docAbstract":"This report documents methodology and results of a study that estimated groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration (GWET) from phreatophytic vegetation in two desert riparian areas with ephemeral spring discharge in Clark County, southern Nevada. The phreatophytes consisted primarily of western honey mesquite [Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana (L.D. Benson) M.C. Johnst.] at Stump Spring and mixed shrubs at Hiko Springs. An eddy-covariance station and precipitation gage were established to concurrently measure actual evapotranspiration (AET) and precipitation. Site-scale GWET rates—computed by subtracting measured precipitation from AET—were 239 ±45 millimeters per year (mm/yr) based on measurements over one growing season at Stump Spring and 109 ±27 mm/yr averaged over two growing seasons at Hiko Springs.
The volume of GWET for each groundwater discharge area (GDA) was estimated by developing relations between site-scale computed GWET rates and phreatophytic vegetation represented by a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). A GDA was delineated for the natural drainage in each area by mapping the extent of phreatophytes using high-resolution imagery. A second GDA was delineated at Stump Spring by mapping the extent of phreatophytes in the Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC). Site-scale GWET rates were scaled up by applying the site-based GWET -NDVI relations to NDVI distributions in each GDA. The areas of phreatophytic vegetation within each GDA, area-weighted mean GWET rates, and GWET volumes were as follows: (1) Stump Spring—59 hectares (ha), 126 mm/yr, 7.4 ± 1.4 ×104 cubic meters per year (m3/yr) (60 ± 11 acre-feet/yr); Stump Spring ACEC—49 ha, 98 mm/yr, 4.9 ± 0.9 × 104 m3/yr (39 ± 7 acre-feet/yr); and (2) Hiko Springs—7.2 ha, 112 mm/yr, 0.8 ±0.2 × 104 m3/yr (6.6 ±1.6 acre-feet/yr). The GWET rate computed at Stump Spring compared favorably with published GWET rates for mesquite.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Moreo, M.T., Buto, S.G., Smith, D.W., and Nelson, N.C., 2020, Estimates of groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, Stump Spring and Hiko Springs, Clark County, southern Nevada, 2016–18: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5075, 39 p., https://doi.org/ 10.3133/ sir20205075.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 39 p.; 2 Data Releases","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-098487","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376763,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5075/sir20205075.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 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Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Road
Carson City, Nevada 89701
This document describes a standard operating procedure (SOP) for the preparation of purposely killed juvenile salmon, implanted with telemetry transmitters, to be released into rivers, lakes, or streams to test one of the survival model assumptions. Procedures for releases of purposely killed fish (hereinafter dead fish releases) were developed by staff from the U.S. Geological Survey’s Columbia River Research Laboratory, on the basis of laboratory experiments and practical experience with telemetry studies in the Columbia River Basin. Initially, we used extended exposure to high dose anesthetic baths to euthanize fish for dead fish releases. This approach was selected on the basis of euthanization procedures described in the literature for studies that required an effective and rapid procedure, such as stress physiology assessments. Ultimately, this technique was deemed insufficient because detection records suggested that some fish seemed to revive and continue their migration with limited effect. That is, the detection histories of dead fish were very similar to those of live fish. To overcome this challenge, we adapted our procedures to require a combination of euthanization procedures on individual fish to ensure that there was no opportunity for revival. A combination of euthanization procedures for dead fish releases was used in one study in Germany. This SOP has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey to test survival model assumptions in several field studies and has consistently performed well. In addition, limited laboratory tests were completed to ensure that no live juvenile salmon were found in holding tanks for 24 hours following the procedures described in this SOP.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201083","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Tomka, R.G., Liedtke, T.L., Frost, C., and Smith, C.D., 2020, A standard operating procedure for the preparation of purposely killed juvenile salmon used to test survival model assumptions: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1083, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201083.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-116988","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376754,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1083/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":376755,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1083/ofr20201083.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1083"}],"contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115-5016
The vibrant evolutionary patterns made by earthquake swarms are incompatible with standard, effectively two-dimensional (2D) models for general fault architecture. We leverage advances in earthquake monitoring with a deep-learning algorithm to image a fault zone hosting a 4-year-long swarm in southern California. We infer that fluids are naturally injected into the fault zone from below and diffuse through strike-parallel channels while triggering earthquakes. A permeability barrier initially limits up-dip swarm migration but ultimately is circumvented. This enables fluid migration within a shallower section of the fault with fundamentally different mechanical properties. Our observations provide high-resolution constraints on the processes by which swarms initiate, grow, and arrest. These findings illustrate how swarm evolution is strongly controlled by 3D variations in fault architecture.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.abb0779","usgsCitation":"Ross, Z., Cochran, E.S., Trugman, D., and Smith, J., 2020, 3D fault architecture controls the dynamism of earthquake swarm: Science, v. 368, no. 6497, p. 1357-1361, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb0779.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1357","endPage":"1361","ipdsId":"IP-118187","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1739984","text":"External Repository"},{"id":378083,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"368","issue":"6497","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Z.","contributorId":215300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13711,"text":"Caltech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trugman, D.","contributorId":173991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trugman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":15303,"text":"University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Jonathan D.","contributorId":239737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Jonathan D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70211578,"text":"70211578 - 2020 - Hyperpigmented melanistic skin lesions of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu from the Chesapeake Bay watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-02T13:39:55.015334","indexId":"70211578","displayToPublicDate":"2020-06-04T09:14:47","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Hyperpigmented melanistic skin lesions of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu from the Chesapeake Bay watershed","title":"Hyperpigmented melanistic skin lesions of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu from the Chesapeake Bay watershed","docAbstract":"Hyperpigmented melanistic skin lesions (HPMLs) of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu are observed in the Potomac and Susquehanna rivers, Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA. Routine, nonlethal population surveys were conducted at 8 sites on the mainstem Susquehanna River and 9 on the Juniata River, a tributary of the Susquehanna River, between 2012 and 2018, and the prevalence of HPMLs was documented. A total of 4078 smallmouth bass were collected from the mainstem Susquehanna River and 6478 from the Juniata River. Lesions were primarily seen in bass greater than 200 mm, and prevalence in the Susquehanna River (8%) was higher (p < 0.001) than in the Juniata River (2%). As part of ongoing fish health monitoring projects, smallmouth bass were collected at additional sites, primarily tributaries of the Susquehanna (n = 758) and Potomac (n = 545) rivers between 2013 and 2018. Prevalence in the Susquehanna River (13%) was higher (p < 0.001) than the Potomac (3%). Microscopically, HPMLs were characterized by an increased number of melanocytes in the epidermis or within the dermis and epidermis. RNAseq analyses of normal and melanistic skin identified 3 unique sequences in HPMLs. Two were unidentified and the third was a viral helicase (E1). Transcript abundance in 16 normal skin samples and 16 HPMLs showed upregulation of genes associated with melanogenesis and cell proliferation in HPMLs. The E1 transcript was detected in 12 of the 16 melanistic areas but in no samples from normal skin. Further research will be necessary to identify the putative new virus and determine its role in melanocyte proliferation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Press","doi":"10.3354/dao03480","usgsCitation":"Blazer, V., Young, K.T., Smith, G., Sperry, A., and Iwanowicz, L.R., 2020, Hyperpigmented melanistic skin lesions of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu from the Chesapeake Bay watershed: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 139, p. 199-212, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03480.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"212","ipdsId":"IP-113049","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":456497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03480","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Structured decision making: Case studies in natural resource management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"McGowan, C.P., Smith, D., and Lyons, J.E., 2020, Decision implementation and the double-loop process in adaptive management of horseshoe crab harvest in Delaware Bay, chap. 24 of Structured decision making: Case studies in natural resource management, p. 258-268.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"258","endPage":"268","ipdsId":"IP-082680","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375035,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Delaware Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.06134033203125,\n 38.7283759182398\n ],\n [\n -74.9212646484375,\n 38.91881851059804\n ],\n [\n -74.99267578125,\n 38.950865400919994\n ],\n [\n -74.9212646484375,\n 39.13432124527173\n ],\n [\n -74.94873046875,\n 39.16414104768742\n ],\n [\n -75.08331298828125,\n 39.196076813671695\n ],\n [\n -75.1300048828125,\n 39.16839998800286\n ],\n [\n -75.267333984375,\n 39.281167913914636\n ],\n [\n -75.56396484375,\n 39.47224533091448\n ],\n [\n -75.574951171875,\n 39.457402514270825\n ],\n [\n -75.45135498046875,\n 39.33642177141801\n ],\n [\n -75.39093017578125,\n 39.25352462727606\n ],\n [\n -75.3826904296875,\n 39.06611426153784\n ],\n [\n -75.29754638671875,\n 39.00637903337455\n ],\n [\n -75.3057861328125,\n 38.93163900447185\n ],\n [\n -75.16571044921875,\n 38.82045110711473\n ],\n [\n -75.0640869140625,\n 38.805470223177466\n ],\n [\n -75.06134033203125,\n 38.7283759182398\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":167162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":734198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, David","contributorId":204503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":734199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyons, James E. 0000-0002-9810-8751 jelyons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-8751","contributorId":177546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James","email":"jelyons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":734200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208874,"text":"sim3453 - 2020 - Altitude of the potentiometric surface in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer, spring 2018","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:57:23.738641","indexId":"sim3453","displayToPublicDate":"2020-05-12T12:23:31","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3453","displayTitle":"Altitude of the Potentiometric Surface in the Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer, Spring 2018","title":"Altitude of the potentiometric surface in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer, spring 2018","docAbstract":"A potentiometric-surface map for spring 2018 was created for the Mississippi River Valley alluvial (MRVA) aquifer using available groundwater-altitude data from 1,126 wells completed in the MRVA aquifer and from the altitude of the top of the water surface in area rivers from 66 streamgages. Personnel from Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, Arkansas Department of Health, Arkansas Geological Survey, Illinois Department of Agriculture, Illinois State Water Survey, Louisiana Department of Natural Resources, Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality, Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Yazoo Mississippi Delta Joint Water Management District, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service, and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) routinely collect groundwater-level data from wells screened in the MRVA aquifer. The USGS and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers routinely collect data on river stage and streamflow for the rivers overlying the MRVA aquifer area. The potentiometric-surface map for 2018 was created utilizing existing groundwater and surface-water altitudes to support investigations to characterize the MRVA aquifer as part of the USGS Water Availability and Use Science Program.
Sufficient data were available to map the potentiometric surface of the MRVA aquifer for spring 2018 for about 87 percent of the aquifer area. The potentiometric contours ranged from 10 to 340 feet above North American Vertical Datum of 1988. The regional direction of groundwater flow was generally to the south-southwest, except in areas of groundwater-altitude depressions, where groundwater flowed into the depression, and near rivers, where flow can be from aquifer to the river or from the river into the aquifer. There are large depressions in the potentiometric-surface map in the lower one-half of the Cache region and in most of the Grand Prairie and Delta regions.
Director, Nebraska Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5231 South 19th Street
Lincoln, NE 68512
No abstract available.
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