The collective set of decisions involved with the restoration of degraded wetlands is often more complex than considering only ecological responses and outcomes. Restoration is commonly driven by a complex interaction of social, economic, and ecological factors representing the mandate of resource stewards and the values of stakeholders. The authors worked with the Herring River Restoration Committee (HRRC) to develop a decision framework to understand the implications of complex tradeoffs and to guide decision making for the restoration of the 1,100-acre Herring River estuary within Cape Cod National Seashore, which has been restricted from tidal influence for more than 100 years. The HRRC represents decision maker and stakeholder interests in the restoration process. For a 25-year planning horizon, decisions involve the rate at which newly constructed water-control structures allow tidal exchange, and the timing and location of implementing numerous secondary management options. Decisions affect multiple stakeholders, including residents of two adjacent towns who value the watershed for numerous benefits and whose economy relies on seasonal activities and aquaculture. System response to management decisions is characterized by a high degree of uncertainty and risk with positive and negative outcomes possible. Decision policies will affect biophysical (for example, sediment transport, discharge of fecal coliform bacteria) and ecological (for example, vegetation response, fish passage, effects on shellfish) processes, as well as socioeconomic interests (for example, effects on property, viewscapes, recreation). The framework provides a structured approach for evaluating tradeoffs among multiple objectives (ecological and social) while appropriately characterizing relevant uncertainties and accounting for levels of risk tolerances and the values of decision makers and stakeholders. Consequences of tide-gate management options are predicted using a range of methods from quantitative physical process models to elicited expert judgement. The decision framework is presented, and the software developed to implement the tradeoff analysis is introduced. The results from an initial prototype analysis using a software application developed for analyses of tradeoffs and of sensitivity of the decision to risk and uncertainty are presented. The next step is to use the decision-support application to analyze options using improved predictions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20191115","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.R., Eaton, M.J., Gannon, J.J., Smith, T.P., Derleth, E.L., Katz, J., Bosma, K.F., and Leduc, E., 2020, A decision framework to analyze tide-gate options for restoration of the Herring River Estuary, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2019–1115, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20191115.","productDescription":"viii, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-101813","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":373779,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1115/ofr20191115.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.52 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019-1115"},{"id":373778,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2019/1115/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Herring River Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.07286071777344,\n 41.92961289444422\n ],\n [\n -70.02462387084961,\n 41.92961289444422\n ],\n [\n -70.02462387084961,\n 41.96357478222518\n ],\n [\n -70.07286071777344,\n 41.96357478222518\n ],\n [\n -70.07286071777344,\n 41.92961289444422\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Eastern Ecological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
11649 Leetown Road
Kearneysville, WV 25430
American horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) have varied migration patterns and harvesting pressure throughout their range, potentially leading to regional differences in population dynamics. Here, a multi-state mark–recapture model was used to estimate annual survival and exchange rates of adult horseshoe crabs across three geographic regions in Long Island, NY (South Shore, North Shore, and Jamaica Bay areas). Under the New York Horseshoe Crab Monitoring program, a total of 22,525 adult horseshoe crabs were tagged and 879 (3.9%) unique recaptures were observed from 2007 to 2016. Model-averaged annual survival in the North Shore population was higher at 68% (95% confidence interval (CI) 61.9–73.4) when compared to the South Shore (56.8%, 95% CI 51.1–62.2) and Jamaica Bay (54.5%, 95% CI 47.0–61.7) regions. Differences in survival between the North Shore and South Shore may reflect the greater harvest pressure directed along the South Shore. Contrary to expectations for a primarily closed region, Jamaica Bay survival was low, but not attributable to reported harvest related activities. Annual movement from the Jamaica Bay into the adjacent South Shore region was 19.8% (95% CI 13.1–28.9), but annual exchange rates ranging from 0.5 to 5.0% were observed between other regions. For example, movement from the South Shore and North Shore into Jamaica Bay was 3.5% (95% CI 2.3–5.9) and 0.5% (95% CI 0.0–1.0), respectively. There was strong support for sex-specific differences in survival, primarily driven by the low survival of females in Jamaica Bay (33.8%, 95% CI 21.1–50.5). Our findings reveal potential management implications, such as regional survival differences within a uniformly managed stock, and net emigration from a predominantly closed to open harvest region reducing the effectiveness of a protected area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-019-00595-1","usgsCitation":"Bopp, J.J., Sclafani, M., Smith, D.R., McKown, K., Sysak, R., and Cerrato, R., 2019, Geographic-specific capture-recapture models reveal contrasting migration and survival rates of adult horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus): Estuaries and Coasts, v. 42, p. 1570-1585, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00595-1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1570","endPage":"1585","ipdsId":"IP-106088","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, New York","otherGeospatial":"Jamaica Bay, Long Island, North Shore, South Shore","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.1302490234375,\n 40.06125658140474\n ],\n [\n -73.916015625,\n 40.027614437486655\n ],\n [\n -73.8775634765625,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n -72.65808105468749,\n 40.66813955408042\n ],\n [\n -71.74072265625,\n 41.03793062246529\n ],\n [\n -71.9439697265625,\n 41.20345619205131\n ],\n [\n -72.333984375,\n 41.29431726315258\n ],\n [\n -72.894287109375,\n 41.261291493919884\n ],\n [\n -73.49853515625,\n 41.062786068733026\n ],\n [\n -73.8885498046875,\n 40.84290487729676\n ],\n [\n -74.0863037109375,\n 40.66397287638688\n ],\n [\n -74.080810546875,\n 40.576412521044425\n ],\n [\n -74.2730712890625,\n 40.49291502689579\n ],\n [\n -74.234619140625,\n 40.451127265872316\n ],\n [\n -74.0643310546875,\n 40.32141999593439\n ],\n [\n -74.1302490234375,\n 40.06125658140474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bopp, Justin J.","contributorId":238554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bopp","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36488,"text":"Stony Brook University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sclafani, Matthew","contributorId":238556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sclafani","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47742,"text":"Cornell Cooperative Extension","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKown, Kim","contributorId":238557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKown","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47744,"text":"New York Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sysak, Rachel","contributorId":238558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sysak","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cerrato, Robert","contributorId":238559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cerrato","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36488,"text":"Stony Brook University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70205018,"text":"70205018 - 2019 - Science questions and knowledge gaps to study microbial transport and survival in Asian and African dust plumes reaching North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T14:45:17.721563","indexId":"70205018","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-30T13:12:29","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":667,"text":"Aerobiologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Science questions and knowledge gaps to study microbial transport and survival in Asian and African dust plumes reaching North America","docAbstract":"The Sahara in North Africa and the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts in Asia are the primary sources of mobilized dust in the atmosphere, with regional or global airborne transport estimated at 2 to 5 billion tonnes per year. Annual Asian dust plumes take about 7 to 10 d to cross the Pacific Ocean, and often reach the northwest USA between late February and May. In contrast, the peak season for the movement of African dust storms to the southeastern USA is typically June to August, and dust plumes take about 5 to 7 d to reach Florida. Although studies have documented that a wide range of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses in dust plumes reach the USA each year, little is known about temporal and spatial variability in the microbial biodiversity in transoceanic dust plumes, or the effect on the deposition environments. A scoping study (called the Transoceanic Aerobiology Biodiversity Study) was conducted to develop field-based campaigns centered on examining the abundance, diversity, survival, and impact of microorganisms in transoceanic dust plumes arriving in the continental USA from Asia and Africa. This effort identified Science Questions (SQs) and Knowledge Gaps (KGs) that are highly relevant toward an understanding of the microbial diversity, transport, survival, and dispersal in transoceanic dusts. Science Questions were defined as broad science topics in transoceanic dust plume microbiology that were underexplored by the aerobiology community. Knowledge Gaps were defined as specific project-level research questions for each SQ that represented important topics in the study of transoceanic aerobiology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10453-018-9541-7","usgsCitation":"Schuerger, A.C., Smith, D., Griffin, D.W., Jaffe, D.A., Wawrik, B., Burrows, S.M., Christner, B., Gonzalez-Martin, C., Lipp, E.K., Schmale, D.G., and Yu, H., 2019, Science questions and knowledge gaps to study microbial transport and survival in Asian and African dust plumes reaching North America: Aerobiologia, v. 34, p. 425-435, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-018-9541-7.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"435","ipdsId":"IP-095483","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467314,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-018-9541-7","text":"External Repository"},{"id":367020,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuerger, Andrew C.","contributorId":17444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuerger","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, David J.","contributorId":76565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":769583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jaffe, Daniel A.","contributorId":181888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wawrik, B.","contributorId":80471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wawrik","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burrows, Susannah M.","contributorId":331741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burrows","given":"Susannah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Christner, Brent","contributorId":267829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christner","given":"Brent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gonzalez-Martin, Cristina","contributorId":30084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez-Martin","given":"Cristina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lipp, Erin K.","contributorId":73823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipp","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Schmale, David G. III","contributorId":331742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmale","given":"David","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Yu, Hongbin","contributorId":218579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"Hongbin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":888672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70205017,"text":"70205017 - 2019 - Virus-like particle production in atmospheric eubacteria isolates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-28T12:45:30","indexId":"70205017","displayToPublicDate":"2019-07-19T12:41:52","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5634,"text":"Atmosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Virus-like particle production in atmospheric eubacteria isolates","docAbstract":"Culturable eubacterial isolates were collected at various altitudes in Earth’s atmosphere to include ~1.5 m above ground in Tallahassee, Florida, USA, ~10.0 m above sea level over the mid-Atlantic ridge (~15oN), ~ 20 km above ground over the continental United States, ~20 km above sea level over the Pacific Ocean near southern California and from the atmosphere of Carlsbad Cavern, Carlsbad Cavern National Park, New Mexico, USA. Isolates were screened for the presence of inducible virus-like particles (VLP) through use of mitomycin C and epifluorescent direct counts. We determined that 92.7% of the isolates carried inducible (VLP) counts in exposed versus non-exposed culture controls and that the relationship was statistically significant. Further statistical analyses revealed that the numbers of isolates that demonstrated VLP production did not vary among collection sites. These data demonstrate a high prevalence of VLP generation in isolates collected in the lower atmosphere and at extreme altitudes. Also shows that species of eubacteria that are resistant to the rigors of atmospheric transport play a significant role in long-range atmospheric inter- and intra-continental dispersion of VLP and that long-range atmospheric transport of VLP may enhance rates of evolution at the microbial scale in receiving environments.","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/atmos10070417","usgsCitation":"Nuria Teigell-Perez, Cristina Gonzalez-Martin, Basilio Valladares, David J. Smith, and Griffin, D.W., 2019, Virus-like particle production in atmospheric eubacteria isolates: Atmosphere, v. 10, no. 7, 417, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10070417.","productDescription":"417, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-045019","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10070417","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367016,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nuria Teigell-Perez","contributorId":218568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nuria Teigell-Perez","affiliations":[{"id":39874,"text":"Univ Inst of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, Canary Islands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cristina Gonzalez-Martin","contributorId":218566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cristina Gonzalez-Martin","affiliations":[{"id":39874,"text":"Univ Inst of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, Canary Islands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Basilio Valladares","contributorId":218565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Basilio Valladares","affiliations":[{"id":39874,"text":"Univ Inst of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, Canary Islands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"David J. 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Smith","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":769578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70194290,"text":"sir20175118 - 2019 - Geochemical and mineralogical maps, with interpretation, for soils of the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:21:20.301081","indexId":"sir20175118","displayToPublicDate":"2019-04-25T11:25:00","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5118","displayTitle":"Geochemical and Mineralogical Maps, with Interpretation, for Soils of the Conterminous United States","title":"Geochemical and mineralogical maps, with interpretation, for soils of the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"Between 2007 and 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a low-density (1 site per 1,600 square kilometers, 4,857 sites) geochemical and mineralogical survey of soils in the conterminous United States. The sampling protocol for the national-scale survey included, at each site, a sample from a depth of 0 to 5 centimeters, a composite of the soil A horizon, and a deeper sample from the soil C horizon or, if the top of the C horizon was at a depth greater than 1 meter, a sample from a depth of approximately 80–100 centimeters. The <2-millimeter fraction of each sample was analyzed for a suite of 45 major and trace elements by methods that yield the total or near-total elemental concentration. The major mineralogical components in the samples from the soil A and C horizons were determined by a quantitative X-ray diffraction method using Rietveld refinement. This report presents all the maps and statistical information for each determined element and mineral along with an interpretive section discussing the possible processes that caused the observed national-scale geochemical and mineralogical patterns. Most often, the geochemical and mineralogical patterns reflect the composition of the underlying soil parent material with some modifications caused by leaching of the more mobile elements (for example, calcium and sodium) in the humid areas of the country.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175118","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.B., Solano, Federico, Woodruff, L.G., Cannon, W.F., and Ellefsen, K.J., 2019, Geochemical and mineralogical maps, with interpretation, for soils of the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5118, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175118. 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U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 973
Denver, CO 80225
Dreissenid mussels (including the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and the quagga mussel D. rostriformis) are among the world's most notorious invasive species, with large and widespread ecological and economic effects. However, their long‐term population dynamics are poorly known, even though these dynamics are critical to determining impacts and effective management. We gathered and analyzed 67 long‐term (>10 yr) data sets on dreissenid populations from lakes and rivers across Europe and North America. We addressed five questions: (1) How do Dreissena populations change through time? (2) Specifically, do Dreissena populations decline substantially after an initial outbreak phase? (3) Do different measures of population performance (biomass or density of settled animals, veliger density, recruitment of young) follow the same patterns through time? (4) How do the numbers or biomass of zebra mussels or of both species combined change after the quagga mussel arrives? (5) How does body size change over time? We also considered whether current data on long‐term dynamics of Dreissena populations are adequate for science and management. Individual Dreissena populations showed a wide range of temporal dynamics, but we could detect only two general patterns that applied across many populations: (1) Populations of both species increased rapidly in the first 1–2 yr after appearance, and (2) quagga mussels appeared later than zebra mussels and usually quickly caused large declines in zebra mussel populations. We found little evidence that combined Dreissena populations declined over the long term. Different measures of population performance were not congruent; the temporal dynamics of one life stage or population attribute cannot generally be accurately inferred from the dynamics of another. We found no consistent patterns in the long‐term dynamics of body size. The long‐term dynamics of Dreissena populations probably are driven by the ecological characteristics (e.g., predation, nutrient inputs, water temperature) and their temporal changes at individual sites rather than following a generalized time course that applies across many sites. Existing long‐term data sets on dreissenid populations, although clearly valuable, are inadequate to meet research and management needs. Data sets could be improved by standardizing sampling designs and methods, routinely collecting more variables, and increasing support.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2701","usgsCitation":"Strayer, D., Adamovich, B.V., Rita Adrian, Aldridge, D.C., Balogh, C., Burlakova, L.E., Fried-Petersen, H., G.-Toth, L., Amy L. Hetherington, Jones, T.S., Alexander Y. Karatayev, Madill, J.B., Makarevich, O.A., Marsden, J., Martel, A.L., Minchin, D., Nalepa, T.F., Noordhuis, R., Robinson, T.J., Lars G. Rudstam, Astrid N. Schwalb, Smith, D.R., Alan D. Steinman, and Jeschke, J.M., 2019, Long-term population dynamics of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis): A cross-system analysis: Ecosphere, v. 10, no. 4, e02701, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2701.","productDescription":"e02701, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-100985","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2701","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2019-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strayer, David L.","contributorId":238531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strayer","given":"David L.","affiliations":[{"id":47722,"text":"Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adamovich, Boris V.","contributorId":238532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adamovich","given":"Boris","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":47723,"text":"Biological Department, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rita Adrian","contributorId":238533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rita Adrian","affiliations":[{"id":47724,"text":"Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aldridge, David C.","contributorId":238534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aldridge","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":47725,"text":"Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Balogh, Csilla","contributorId":238535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balogh","given":"Csilla","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47726,"text":"Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Tihany, Hungary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Burlakova, Lyubov E.","contributorId":238536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burlakova","given":"Lyubov","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":47728,"text":"Great Lakes Center, SUNY Buffalo State, Buffalo, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fried-Petersen, Hannah","contributorId":238537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fried-Petersen","given":"Hannah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47729,"text":"Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"G.-Toth, Laszlo","contributorId":238538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"G.-Toth","given":"Laszlo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47726,"text":"Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Tihany, Hungary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Amy L. 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Schwalb","affiliations":[{"id":47740,"text":"Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Alan D. Steinman","contributorId":238552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alan D. Steinman","affiliations":[{"id":47741,"text":"Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, Muskegon, MI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Jeschke, Jonathan M.","contributorId":238553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jeschke","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":47724,"text":"Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24}]}} ,{"id":70202741,"text":"70202741 - 2019 - Pesticides and pollinators: A socioecological synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-25T08:38:04","indexId":"70202741","displayToPublicDate":"2019-03-22T10:58:56","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticides and pollinators: A socioecological synthesis","docAbstract":"The relationship between pesticides and pollinators, while attracting no shortage of attention from scientists, regulators, and the public, has proven resistant to scientific synthesis and fractious in matters of policy and public opinion. This is in part because the issue has been approached in a compartmentalized and intradisciplinary way, such that evaluations of organismal pesticide effects remain largely disjoint from their upstream drivers and downstream consequences. Here, we present a socioecological framework designed to synthesize the pesticide-pollinator system and inform future scholarship and action. Our framework consists of three interlocking domains-pesticide use, pesticide exposure, and pesticide effects–each consisting of causally linked patterns, processes, and states. We elaborate each of these domains and their linkages, reviewing relevant literature and providing empirical case studies. We then propose guidelines for future pesticide-pollinator scholarship and action agenda aimed at strengthening knowledge in neglected domains and integrating knowledge across domains to provide decision support for stakeholders and policymakers. Specifically, we emphasize (1) stakeholder engagement, (2) mechanistic study of pesticide exposure, (3) understanding the propagation of pesticide effects across levels of organization, and (4) full-cost accounting of the externalities of pesticide use and regulation. Addressing these items will require transdisciplinary collaborations within and beyond the scientific community, including the expertise of farmers, agrochemical developers, and policymakers in an extended peer community.
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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0: March 18, 2019; Version 1.1: March 22, 2019","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road, MS-100
Rolla, MO 65401
Periphyton is important to lake ecosystems, contributing to primary production, nutrient cycling, and benthic metabolism. Increases in periphyton growth in lakes can be indicative of changes in water quality, shifts in ecosystem structure, and increases in nutrient fluxes. In oligotrophic lakes, conservationists are interested in characterizing the influence of hydrological drivers on excessive periphyton growth along nearshore areas. We collected nutrient samples bi-weekly from groundwater and surface water during a 9-month monitoring period to evaluate the timing and availability of nutrients to eulittoral periphyton in Lake Tahoe. Groundwater discharge rates were measured synoptically using seepage meters and estimated indirectly using continuous head gradient measurements and aquifer properties estimated by slug tests. The discharge measurements made from the seepage meter measurements provide information about the spatial variability perpendicular from shore along and the change in groundwater discharge due to wave action. Algal biomass sampled from substrates and observed using underwater photographs were used to correlate seasonal growth and nutrient concentrations in groundwater and lake water. Results indicate that groundwater and nutrient discharge are temporally variable due to seasonal changes in recharge within the watershed, wave action, and lake stage. Groundwater discharge was enhanced by the seasonally-low lake stage and episodic recharge caused by precipitation falling as rain in the watershed. Increases in dissolved phosphorus and nitrate in the lake during winter are attributed to groundwater discharge and correlates to increases in algal biomass in the nearshore area. Results indicate that nutrient-rich groundwater discharge appears to stimulate seasonal periphyton blooms along the eulittoral zone of Lake Tahoe.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.033","usgsCitation":"Naranjo, R.C., Niswonger, R.G., Smith, D., Rosenberry, D.O., and Chandra, S., 2019, Linkages between hydrology and seasonal variations of nutrients and periphyton in a large oligotrophic subalpine lake: Journal of Hydrology, v. 568, p. 877-890, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.033.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"877","endPage":"890","ipdsId":"IP-085290","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.20553588867188,\n 38.89530825492018\n ],\n [\n -119.87457275390625,\n 38.89530825492018\n ],\n [\n -119.87457275390625,\n 39.299236474818194\n ],\n [\n -120.20553588867188,\n 39.299236474818194\n ],\n [\n -120.20553588867188,\n 38.89530825492018\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"568","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c064edfe4b0815414cecb00","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. 0000-0001-6397-2403 rniswon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-2403","contributorId":197892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David 0000-0002-9543-800X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-800X","contributorId":169280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":752940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chandra, Sudeep","contributorId":33195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandra","given":"Sudeep","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":752941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70205016,"text":"70205016 - 2019 - Airborne bacteria in Earth’s lower stratosphere resemble taxa detected in the troposphere: results from a new NASA aircraft bioaerosol collector (ABC)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-27T14:47:05.833799","indexId":"70205016","displayToPublicDate":"2018-08-14T10:58:57","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1702,"text":"Frontiers in Microbiology","onlineIssn":"1664-302X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Airborne bacteria in Earth’s lower stratosphere resemble taxa detected in the troposphere: results from a new NASA aircraft bioaerosol collector (ABC)","docAbstract":"Airborne microorganisms in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere remain elusive due to a lack of reliable sample collection systems. To address this problem, we designed, installed, and flight-validated a novel Aircraft Bioaerosol Collector (ABC) for NASA's C-20A that can make collections for microbiological research investigations up to altitudes of 13.7 km. Herein we report results from the first set of science flights—four consecutive missions flown over the United States (US) from 30 October to 2 November, 2017. To ascertain how the concentration of airborne bacteria changed across the tropopause, we collected air during aircraft Ascent/Descent (0.3 to 11 km), as well as sustained Cruise altitudes in the lower stratosphere (~12 km). Bioaerosols were captured on DNA-treated gelatinous filters inside a cascade air sampler, then analyzed with molecular and culture-based characterization. Several viable bacterial isolates were recovered from flight altitudes, including Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., Arthrobacter sp., and Staphylococcus sp. from Cruise samples and Brachybacterium sp. from Ascent/Descent samples. Using 16S V4 sequencing methods for a culture-independent analysis of bacteria, the average number of total OTUs was 305 for Cruise samples and 276 for Ascent/Descent samples. Some taxa were more abundant in the flight samples than the ground samples, including OTUs from families Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae as well as the following genera: Clostridium, Mogibacterium, Corynebacterium, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, and Parabacteroides. Surprisingly, our results revealed a homogeneous distribution of bacteria in the atmosphere up to 12 km. The observation could be due to atmospheric conditions producing similar background aerosols across the western US, as suggested by modeled back trajectories and satellite measurements. However, the influence of aircraft-associated bacterial contaminants could not be fully eliminated and that background signal was reported throughout our dataset. Considering the tremendous engineering challenge of collecting biomass at extreme altitudes where contamination from flight hardware remains an ever-present issue, we note the utility of using the stratosphere as a proving ground for planned life detection missions across the solar system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2018.01752","usgsCitation":"David J. Smith, Ravichandar, J.D., Jain, S., Griffin, D.W., Yu, H., Tan, Q., Thissen, J., Lusby, T., Nicoll, P., Shedler, S., Martinez, P., Osorio, A., Lechniak, J., Choi, S., Sabino, K., Iverson, K., Chan, L., Jaing, C., and McGrath, J., 2019, Airborne bacteria in Earth’s lower stratosphere resemble taxa detected in the troposphere: results from a new NASA aircraft bioaerosol collector (ABC): Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 9, 1752, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01752.","productDescription":"1752, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-097097","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468111,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01752","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":367005,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 32.63937487360669\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 32.63937487360669\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -124.51904296875,\n 32.63937487360669\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"David J. Smith","contributorId":218567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"David J. Smith","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":769561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ravichandar, Jayamary D.","contributorId":218577,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ravichandar","given":"Jayamary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jain, Sunit","contributorId":218578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jain","given":"Sunit","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":769560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yu, Hongbin","contributorId":218579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"Hongbin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tan, Qian","contributorId":218580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Qian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thissen, James","contributorId":218581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thissen","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lusby, Terry","contributorId":218582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lusby","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nicoll, Patrick","contributorId":218583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicoll","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Shedler, Sarah","contributorId":218584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shedler","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Martinez, P.","contributorId":38706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinez","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Osorio, Alejandro","contributorId":218585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osorio","given":"Alejandro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lechniak, Jason","contributorId":218586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lechniak","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Choi, Samuel","contributorId":218587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Choi","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sabino, Kayleen","contributorId":218588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabino","given":"Kayleen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Iverson, Kathryn","contributorId":218589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Chan, Luisa","contributorId":218590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chan","given":"Luisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Jaing, Crystal","contributorId":218591,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaing","given":"Crystal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"McGrath, John","contributorId":218592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGrath","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":769576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70198285,"text":"sir20185103 - 2018 - Distribution of mining-related trace elements in streambed and flood-plain sediment along the middle Big River and tributaries in the Southeast Missouri Barite District, 2012–15","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:55:23.095675","indexId":"sir20185103","displayToPublicDate":"2018-10-09T14:11:57","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2018-5103","title":"Distribution of mining-related trace elements in streambed and flood-plain sediment along the middle Big River and tributaries in the Southeast Missouri Barite District, 2012–15","docAbstract":"Lead mining first began in the Big River watershed during the 1700s. Lead was the primary metal mined throughout most of the 1700s and early 1800s and it continued to be mined until the mid-1900s. Barite mining began in the middle part of the watershed in the mid- to late 1800s. Although considerable attention has been given to concentrations of miningrelated trace elements (mostly cadmium, lead, and zinc) in the Big River and its tributaries draining the Old Lead Belt, there is less information regarding concentrations of mining-related trace elements in tributaries draining the Barite District in southeast Missouri, which is downstream from the Old Lead Belt, and the contribution of sediment transported from this district to trace elements in lower reaches of the Big River. The purpose of this report is to present results of an investigation of the distribution of mining-related trace elements in sediments in the middle reach of the Big River downstream from the Old Lead Belt and the Big River tributaries that drain a large part of the Barite District.
In general, concentrations of cadmium and lead in streambed sediment were largest in samples from the Big River and smallest in Barite District tributary samples. Concentrations of zinc were somewhat similar in the Big River and Barite District tributaries; however, higher concentrations were present in upstream Big River site samples, as well as in samples from one site on Maddin Creek and at another site on Old Mines Creek that drains the Barite District. Barium concentrations were considerably larger in samples from Barite District tributaries compared to samples collected on the Big River. Samples collected downstream from the Barite District on the Big River had considerably larger barium concentrations than samples collected upstream from the Barite District.
Flood-plain core samples were collected from 26 cores at 5 transect locations along tributaries in the Barite District. Of the individual 693 bulk (unsieved) samples from these cores analyzed by x-ray fluorescence, the probable effects concentration (PEC) values were exceeded for cadmium (PEC of 4.98 milligrams per kilogram [mg/kg], 218 samples), lead (PEC of 128 mg/kg, 91 samples), nickel (PEC of 48.6 mg/kg, 45 samples), and zinc (PEC of 459 mg/kg, 77 samples). Of the 693 samples, 21 exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency residential yard cleanup level of 400 mg/kg for lead; 19 of these were samples from a single transect near the mouth of Mineral Fork Creek where its flood plain joins the Big River flood plain.
Shortly after the December 2015 flood on the Big River (the third largest flood along the river since the 1950s), 23 samples of fine sediment deposited from the flood were collected from the Big River flood plain upstream and downstream from the Barite District and several tributaries. Overall, the general pattern of barium, lead, and zinc concentrations in the 2015 flood sediment samples was similar to that observed in the streambed-sediment samples.
Overall concentrations of barium were larger at Big River sites downstream from the Barite District, and cadmium, lead, and zinc concentrations were generally similar or smaller at sites downstream from the Barite District when compared to sites upstream from the Barite District. These data indicate a substantial influx of barium from the Barite District into the Big River but only a minimal influx of cadmium, lead, and zinc.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20185103","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.C., and Schumacher, J.G., 2018, Distribution of mining-related trace elements in streambed and flood-plain sediment along the middle Big River and tributaries in the Southeast Missouri Barite District, 2012–15: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5103, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185103.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 89 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"102","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-090502","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357852,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5103/sir20185103.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.85 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2018–5103"},{"id":357851,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5103/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":357853,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OFYN3C","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Concentrations of Major and Trace Elements in Streambed and Floodplain Sediment along the Middle Big River and Tributaries in the Southeast Missouri Barite District and in Quality-Assurance Samples, 2012–15"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Middle Big River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -91,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -91,\n 37.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
Aquatic invasive species (AIS) have spread throughout the United States via major rivers and tributaries. Locks and dams positioned along affected waterways, specifically lock chambers, are being evaluated as potential management sites to prevent further expansion into new areas. Recent research has shown that infusion of chemicals (e.g., carbon dioxide) into water can block or kill several invasive organisms and could be a viable option at navigational structures such as lock chambers because chemical infusion would not interfere with vessel passage or lock operation. Chemical treatments near lock structures will require large-scale fluid-mechanic systems and significant energy. Mixing must extend to all stagnation regions within a lock structure to prevent the passage of an invasive fish. This work describes the performance of both wall- and floor-based CO2-infused-water to water injection manifolds targeted for lock structures in terms of mixing time, mixing homogeneity, injection efficiency, and operational power requirements. Both systems have strengths and weaknesses so selection recommendations are given for applications such as open systems and closed systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASME","doi":"10.1115/1.4041361","usgsCitation":"Zolper, T.J., Cupp, A.R., and Smith, D.L., 2018, Investigating the mixing efficiencies of liquid-to-liquid chemical injection manifolds for aquatic invasive species management: Journal of Fluids Engineering, v. 141, no. 3, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4041361.","productDescription":"Article 031302; 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-091100","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":437722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P93J4EQ8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Investigating the mixing efficiencies of liquid-to-liquid chemical injection manifolds for aquatic invasive species management:Data"},{"id":358968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10a92fe4b034bf6a7e5059","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zolper, Thomas J.","contributorId":210258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zolper","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38093,"text":"University of Wisconsin - Platteville","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cupp, Aaron R. 0000-0001-5995-2100 acupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-2100","contributorId":5162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cupp","given":"Aaron","email":"acupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David L.","contributorId":192711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204571,"text":"70204571 - 2018 - Implicit decision framing as an unrecognized source of confusion in endangered species classification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-05T12:19:40","indexId":"70204571","displayToPublicDate":"2018-07-10T12:15:56","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implicit decision framing as an unrecognized source of confusion in endangered species classification","docAbstract":"Legal classification of species requires scientific and values‐based components, and how those components interact depends on how people frame the decision. Is classification a negotiation of trade‐offs, a decision on how to allocate conservation efforts, or simply a comparison of the biological status of a species to a legal standard? The answers to problem‐framing questions such as these influence decision making in species classifications. In our experience, however, decision makers, staff biologists, and stakeholders often have differing perspectives of the decision problem and assume different framings. In addition to differences between individuals, in some cases it appears individuals themselves are unclear about the decision process, which contributes to regulatory paralysis, litigation, and a loss of trust by agency staff and the public. We present 5 framings: putting species in the right bin, doing right by the species over time, saving the most species on a limited budget, weighing extinction risk against other objectives, and strategic classification to advance conservation. These framings are inspired by elements observed in current classification practices. Putting species in the right bin entails comparing a scientific status assessment with policy thresholds and accounting for potential misclassification costs. Doing right by the species adds a time dimension to the classification decision, and saving the most species on a limited budget classifies a suite of species simultaneously. Weighing extinction risk against other objectives would weigh ecological or socioeconomic concerns in classification decisions, and strategic classification to advance conservation would make negotiation a component of classification. We view these framings as a means to generate thought, discussion, and movement toward selection and application of explicit classification framings. Being explicit about the decision framing could lead decision makers toward more efficient and defensible decisions, reduce internal confusion and external conflict, and support better collaboration between scientists and policy makers.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/cobi.13185","usgsCitation":"Cummings, J., Converse, S.J., Smith, D., Morey, S., and Runge, M.C., 2018, Implicit decision framing as an unrecognized source of confusion in endangered species classification: Conservation Biology, v. 32, no. 6, p. 1246-1254, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13185.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1246","endPage":"1254","ipdsId":"IP-085771","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":468594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13185","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":366266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cummings, Jonathan 0000-0001-8028-5787 jwcummings@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8028-5787","contributorId":139320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"Jonathan","email":"jwcummings@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David R.","contributorId":173756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":767679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morey, Steve","contributorId":147048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morey","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":767680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":767608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70195069,"text":"70195069 - 2018 - Using interviews and biological sign surveys to infer seasonal use of forested and agricultural portions of a human-dominated landscape by Asian elephants in Nepal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T10:11:01","indexId":"70195069","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1590,"text":"Ethology Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using interviews and biological sign surveys to infer seasonal use of forested and agricultural portions of a human-dominated landscape by Asian elephants in Nepal","docAbstract":"Understanding how wide-ranging animals use landscapes in which human use is highly heterogeneous is important for determining patterns of human–wildlife conflict and designing mitigation strategies. Here, we show how biological sign surveys in forested components of a human-dominated landscape can be combined with human interviews in agricultural portions of a landscape to provide a full picture of seasonal use of different landscape components by wide-ranging animals and resulting human–wildlife conflict. We selected Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Nepal to illustrate this approach. Asian elephants are threatened throughout their geographic range, and there are large gaps in our understanding of their landscape-scale habitat use. We identified all potential elephant habitat in Nepal and divided the potential habitat into sampling units based on a 10 km by 10 km grid. Forested areas within grids were surveyed for signs of elephant use, and local villagers were interviewed regarding elephant use of agricultural areas and instances of conflict. Data were analyzed using single-season and multi-season (dynamic) occupancy models. A single-season occupancy model applied to data from 139 partially or wholly forested grid cells estimated that 0.57 of grid cells were used by elephants. Dynamic occupancy models fit to data from interviews across 158 grid cells estimated that monthly use of non-forested, human-dominated areas over the preceding year varied between 0.43 and 0.82 with a minimum in February and maximum in October. Seasonal patterns of crop raiding by elephants coincided with monthly elephant use of human-dominated areas, and serious instances of human–wildlife conflict were common. Efforts to mitigate human–elephant conflict in Nepal are likely to be most effective if they are concentrated during August through December when elephant use of human-dominated landscapes and human–elephant conflict are most common.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2017.1405847","usgsCitation":"Lamichhane, B.R., Subedi, N., Pokheral, C.P., Dhakal, M., Acharya, K.P., Pradhan, N.M., Smith, J.L., Malla, S., Thakuri, B.S., and Yackulic, C.B., 2018, Using interviews and biological sign surveys to infer seasonal use of forested and agricultural portions of a human-dominated landscape by Asian elephants in Nepal: Ethology Ecology and Evolution, v. 30, no. 4, p. 331-347, https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2017.1405847.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"347","ipdsId":"IP-082625","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Nepal","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[88.12044,27.87654],[88.04313,27.44582],[88.1748,26.81041],[88.06024,26.41462],[87.22747,26.3979],[86.02439,26.63098],[85.25178,26.7262],[84.67502,27.2349],[83.30425,27.36451],[81.99999,27.92548],[81.0572,28.4161],[80.08842,28.79447],[80.47672,29.72987],[81.11126,30.18348],[81.5258,30.42272],[82.32751,30.11527],[83.33712,29.46373],[83.89899,29.32023],[84.23458,28.83989],[85.01164,28.64277],[85.82332,28.20358],[86.95452,27.97426],[88.12044,27.87654]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nepal\"}}]}","volume":"30","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7d6ffae4b00f54eb24418e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamichhane, Babu Ram","contributorId":201694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamichhane","given":"Babu","email":"","middleInitial":"Ram","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Subedi, Naresh","contributorId":201695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Subedi","given":"Naresh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pokheral, Chiranjibi Prasad","contributorId":201696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pokheral","given":"Chiranjibi","email":"","middleInitial":"Prasad","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dhakal, Maheshwar","contributorId":201698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dhakal","given":"Maheshwar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36233,"text":"Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Acharya, Krishna Prasad","contributorId":201699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Acharya","given":"Krishna","email":"","middleInitial":"Prasad","affiliations":[{"id":36233,"text":"Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pradhan, Narendra Man Babu","contributorId":201700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pradhan","given":"Narendra","email":"","middleInitial":"Man Babu","affiliations":[{"id":36234,"text":"Bird Conservation Nepal, Lazimpat, Kathmandu, Nepal (Work was done when he was with WWF Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, James L. David","contributorId":201701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L. David","affiliations":[{"id":36235,"text":"Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Minnesota University, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Malla, Sabita","contributorId":201702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malla","given":"Sabita","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36236,"text":"WWF Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Thakuri, Bishnu Singh","contributorId":201697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thakuri","given":"Bishnu","email":"","middleInitial":"Singh","affiliations":[{"id":36232,"text":"National Trust for Nature Conservation, Khumaltar, POB 3712, Lalitpur, Nepal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":726796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724 cyackulic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":4662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","email":"cyackulic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70212316,"text":"70212316 - 2018 - Development of a species status assessment process for decisions under the U.S. Endangered Species Act","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-17T12:36:08.764155","indexId":"70212316","displayToPublicDate":"2018-02-02T10:04:43","publicationYear":"2018","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a species status assessment process for decisions under the U.S. Endangered Species Act","docAbstract":"Decisions under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) require scientific input on the risk that the species will become extinct. A series of critiques on the role of science in ESA decisions have called for improved consistency and transparency in species risk assessments and clear distinctions between science input and policy application. To address the critiques and document the emerging practice of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), we outline an assessment process based on principles and practices of risk and decision analyses that results in a scientific report on species status. The species status assessment (SSA) process has three successive stages: 1) document the life history and ecological relationships of the species in question to provide the foundation for the assessment, 2) describe and hypothesize causes for the current condition of the species, and 3) forecast the species' future condition. The future condition refers to the ability of a species to sustain populations in the wild under plausible future scenarios. The scenarios help explore the species' response to future environmental stressors and to assess the potential for conservation to intervene to improve its status. The SSA process incorporates modeling and scenario planning for prediction of extinction risk and applies the conservation biology principles of representation, resiliency, and redundancy to evaluate the current and future condition. The SSA results in a scientific report distinct from policy application, which contributes to streamlined, transparent, and consistent decision-making and allows for greater technical participation by experts outside of the USFWS, for example, by state natural resource agencies. We present two case studies based on assessments of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake Sistrurus catenatus and the Sonoran Desert tortoise Gopherus morafkai to illustrate the process. The SSA builds upon the past threat-focused assessment by including systematic and explicit analyses of a species' future response to stressors and conservation, and as a result, we believe it provides an improved scientific analysis for ESA decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/052017-JFWM-041","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.R., Allan, N.L., McGowan, C.P., Szymankski, J.A., Oetker, S.R., and Bell, H.M., 2018, Development of a species status assessment process for decisions under the U.S. Endangered Species Act: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 9, no. 1, p. 302-320, https://doi.org/10.3996/052017-JFWM-041.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"302","endPage":"320","ipdsId":"IP-079068","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/052017-jfwm-041","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allan, Nathan L.","contributorId":193025,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allan","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":167162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":796342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Szymankski, Jennifer A.","contributorId":238520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szymankski","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oetker, Susan R.","contributorId":238519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oetker","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bell, Heather M.","contributorId":238521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70194561,"text":"70194561 - 2017 - Chemical elements in the environment: multi-element geochemical datasets from continental to national scale surveys on four continents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:00:58.320661","indexId":"70194561","displayToPublicDate":"2017-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical elements in the environment: multi-element geochemical datasets from continental to national scale surveys on four continents","docAbstract":"During the last 10-20 years, Geological Surveys around the world have undertaken a major effort towards delivering fully harmonized and tightly quality-controlled low-density multi-element soil geochemical maps and datasets of vast regions including up to whole continents. Concentrations of between 45 and 60 elements commonly have been determined in a variety of different regolith types (e.g., sediment, soil). The multi-element datasets are published as complete geochemical atlases and made available to the general public. Several other geochemical datasets covering smaller areas but generally at a higher spatial density are also available. These datasets may, however, not be found by superficial internet-based searches because the elements are not mentioned individually either in the title or in the keyword lists of the original references. This publication attempts to increase the visibility and discoverability of these fundamental background datasets covering large areas up to whole continents.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.11.010","usgsCitation":"Caritat, P.D., Reimann, C., Smith, D.B., and Wang, X., 2017, Chemical elements in the environment: multi-element geochemical datasets from continental to national scale surveys on four continents: Applied Geochemistry, v. 89, p. 150-159, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.11.010.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"150","endPage":"159","ipdsId":"IP-092659","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349740,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":469243,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2017.11.010","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"volume":"89","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60faede4b06e28e9c229b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caritat, Patrice de","contributorId":201164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caritat","given":"Patrice","email":"","middleInitial":"de","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reimann, Clemens","contributorId":201165,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reimann","given":"Clemens","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":138565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Xueqiu","contributorId":201166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Xueqiu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70191488,"text":"70191488 - 2017 - Productivity and CO2 exchange of Great Plains ecoregions. I. Shortgrass steppe: Flux tower estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T17:09:03","indexId":"70191488","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Productivity and CO2 exchange of Great Plains ecoregions. I. Shortgrass steppe: Flux tower estimates","docAbstract":"The shortgrass steppe (SGS) occupies the southwestern part of the Great Plains. Half of the land is cultivated, but significant areas remain under natural vegetation. Despite previous studies of the SGS carbon cycle, not all aspects have been completely addressed, including gross productivity, ecosystem respiration, and ecophysiological parameters. Our analysis of 1998 − 2007 flux tower measurements at five Bowen ratio–energy balance (BREB) and three eddy covariance (EC) sites characterized seasonal and interannual variability of gross photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration. Identification of the nonrectangular hyperbolic equation for the diurnal CO2 exchange, with vapor pressure deficit (VPD) limitation and exponential temperature response, quantified quantum yield α, photosynthetic capacity Amax, and respiration rate rd with variation ranges (19 \\< α \\< 51 mmol mol− 1, 0.48 \\< Amax \\< 2.1 mg CO2 m− 2 s− 1, 0.15 \\< rd \\< 0.49 mg CO2 m− 2 s− 1). Gross photosynthesis varied from 1 100 to 2 700 g CO2 m− 2 yr− 1, respiration from 900 to 3,000 g CO2 m− 2 yr− 1, and net ecosystem production from − 900 to + 700 g CO2 m− 2 yr− 1, indicating that SGS may switch from a sink to a source depending on weather. Comparison of the 2004 − 2006 measurements at two BREB and two parallel EC flux towers located at comparable SGS sites showed moderately higher photosynthesis, lower respiration, and higher net production at the BREB than EC sites. However, the difference was not related only to methodologies, as the normalized difference vegetation index at the BREB sites was higher than at the EC sites. Overall magnitudes and seasonal patterns at the BREB and the EC sites during the 3-yr period were similar, with trajectories within the ± 1.5 standard deviation around the mean of the four sites and mostly reflecting the effects of meteorology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2017.06.007","usgsCitation":"Gilmanov, T.G., Morgan, J.A., Hanan, N., Wylie, B.K., Rajan, N., Smith, D.P., and Howard, D., 2017, Productivity and CO2 exchange of Great Plains ecoregions. I. Shortgrass steppe: Flux tower estimates: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 70, no. 6, p. 700-717, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2017.06.007.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"700","endPage":"717","ipdsId":"IP-063726","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2017.06.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105,\n 40.6667\n ],\n [\n -104.1667,\n 40.6667\n ],\n [\n -104.1667,\n 41.1667\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 41.1667\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 40.6667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e1d095e4b05fe04cd11798","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilmanov, Tagir G.","contributorId":82162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmanov","given":"Tagir","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, Jack A.","contributorId":66982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanan, Niall P.","contributorId":86667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanan","given":"Niall P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rajan, Nithya","contributorId":197061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rajan","given":"Nithya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, David P.","contributorId":197062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Howard, Daniel M. 0000-0002-7563-7538 dhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7563-7538","contributorId":4431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Daniel M.","email":"dhoward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":712420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70189536,"text":"sir20175078 - 2017 - A process to estimate net infiltration using a site-scale water-budget approach, Rainier Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, 2002–05","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-15T13:26:07.262019","indexId":"sir20175078","displayToPublicDate":"2017-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5078","title":"A process to estimate net infiltration using a site-scale water-budget approach, Rainier Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, 2002–05","docAbstract":"This report documents a process used to estimate net infiltration from precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET), and soil data acquired at two sites on Rainier Mesa. Rainier Mesa is a groundwater recharge area within the Nevada National Security Site where recharged water flows through bedrock fractures to a deep (450 meters) water table. The U.S. Geological Survey operated two ET stations on Rainier Mesa from 2002 to 2005 at sites characterized by pinyon-juniper and scrub-brush vegetative cover. Precipitation and ET data were corrected to remove measurement biases and gap-filled to develop continuous datasets. Net infiltration (percolation below the root zone) and changes in root-zone water storage were estimated using a monthly water-balance model.
Site-scale water-budget results indicate that the heavily-fractured welded-tuff bedrock underlying thin (<40 centimeters) topsoil is a critical water source for vegetation during dry periods. Annual precipitation during the study period ranged from fourth lowest (182 millimeters [mm]) to second highest (708 mm) on record (record = 55 years). Annual ET exceeded precipitation during dry years, indicating that the fractured-bedrock reservoir capacity is sufficient to meet atmospheric-evaporative demands and to sustain vegetation through extended dry periods. Net infiltration (82 mm) was simulated during the wet year after the reservoir was rapidly filled to capacity. These results support previous conclusions that preferential fracture flow was induced, resulting in an episodic recharge pulse that was detected in nearby monitoring wells. The occurrence of net infiltration only during the wet year is consistent with detections of water-level rises in nearby monitoring wells that occur only following wet years.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175078","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office under Interagency Agreement DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.W., Moreo, M.T., Garcia, C.A., Halford, K.J., and Fenelon, J.M., 2017, A process to estimate net infiltration using a site-scale water-budget approach, Rainier Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, 2002–05: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5078, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175078.","productDescription":"Report: v, 22 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-070070","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345229,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5078/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345230,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5078/sir20175078.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017-5078"},{"id":345231,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7222SP5","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Supplemental data from—A process to estimate net infiltration using a site-scale water-budget approach, Rainier Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, 2002-05"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Rainier Mesa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.1333,\n 37.1\n ],\n [\n -116.2667,\n 37.1\n ],\n [\n -116.2667,\n 37.2667\n ],\n [\n -116.1333,\n 37.2667\n ],\n [\n -116.1333,\n 37.1\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, Nevada 89701
We built a population viability analysis (PVA) model to predict future population status of the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus, LEPC) in four ecoregions across the species’ range. The model results will be used in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (FWS) Species Status Assessment (SSA) for the LEPC. Our stochastic projection model combined demographic rate estimates from previously published literature with demographic rate estimates that integrate the influence of climate conditions. This LEPC PVA projects declining populations with estimated population growth rates well below 1 in each ecoregion regardless of habitat or climate change. These results are consistent with estimates of LEPC population growth rates derived from other demographic process models. Although the absolute magnitude of the decline is unlikely to be as low as modeling tools indicate, several different lines of evidence suggest LEPC populations are declining.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171071","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Cummings, J.W., Converse, S.J., Moore, C.T., Smith, D.R., Nichols, C.T., Allan, N.L., and O'Meilia, C.M., 2017, A projection of lesser prairie chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) populations range-wide: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1071, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171071.","productDescription":"vi, 60 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-087040","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343047,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1071/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":343048,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1071/ofr20171071.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1071"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.99609375,\n 32.045332838858506\n ],\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 32.045332838858506\n ],\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -105.99609375,\n 39.436192999314095\n ],\n [\n -105.99609375,\n 32.045332838858506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Leader, Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
U.S. Geological Survey
Fishery Sciences Building, Box 355020
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington, 98195
Worldwide populations of freshwater eels have declined with one of the contributing causes related to mortality during passage through hydropower turbines. An inherent trade‐off underlies turbine management where the competing demand for more hydropower comes at the expense of eel survival. A win–win solution exists when an option performs better on all competing demands compared to other options. A predictive model for eel migration based on a recent telemetry study was used to develop decision rules for turbine management in the Shenandoah River system. The performance of alternative decision rules was compared to the status quo policy to search for win–win solutions. Decision rules were defined by the probability of eel movement and were evaluated by the probabilities of false positive and false negative errors. The exact value of the cut‐off probability used in the decision rule will need to be determined through negotiation between stakeholders, but a range of cut‐off probabilities resulted in a win–win situation with both reduced eel mortality and increased turbine operation relative to the current shutdown strategy. Monitoring the implementation is needed to evaluate and update the predictive model and to refine the decision rule. Although the decision is framed for the Shenandoah River system, the analytical approach could be used to develop decision rules for turbine shutdown policy in other areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3182","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.R., Paul L. Fackler, Eyler, S.M., Villegas, L., and Welsh, S., 2017, Optimization of decision rules for hydroelectric operation to reduce both eel mortality and unnecessary turbine shutdown: A search for a win-win solution: Rivers Research and Applications, v. 33, no. 8, p. 1279-1285, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3182.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1279","endPage":"1285","ipdsId":"IP-084849","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377523,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.75,\n 38.86751337001198\n ],\n [\n -78.8763427734375,\n 38.974357249228206\n ],\n [\n -79.07684326171875,\n 38.739088441876866\n ],\n [\n -79.29931640625,\n 38.41271038284709\n ],\n [\n -79.4586181640625,\n 38.16911413556086\n ],\n [\n -79.25537109375,\n 38.07620357665235\n ],\n [\n -78.70330810546875,\n 38.8504034216919\n ],\n [\n -78.75,\n 38.86751337001198\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paul L. Fackler","contributorId":238522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paul L. Fackler","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eyler, Sheila M.","contributorId":238523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eyler","given":"Sheila","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villegas, Laura","contributorId":238524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villegas","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X swelsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":152088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart A.","email":"swelsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":796350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70212319,"text":"70212319 - 2017 - Group inverse sampling: An economical approach to inverse sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-14T14:50:34.43786","indexId":"70212319","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-18T09:48:46","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1577,"text":"Environmetrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Group inverse sampling: An economical approach to inverse sampling","docAbstract":"Inverse sampling is an adaptive design in the sense that the final sampling effort during a search for rare events will depend on what is found during the survey. Conventional inverse sampling (CIS) designs successively select individual sampling units to find, for example, the k th rare event. In real sampling situations, use of successive one‐by‐one sampling can be cost prohibitive. Here, we introduce an inverse sampling design that uses successive selection of groups instead of individuals, named group inverse sampling (GIS). An unbiased estimator and its variance estimator of the population mean are derived based on the Murthy estimator. CIS is a special case of the generalized design with group size equal to one. We simulate the GIS design to evaluate its efficiency using populations of rare freshwater mussels in West Virginia, USA. For cost consideration, we calculate distance traveled among the sampling units. Results show that GIS was more cost efficient than CIS in all cases. The group size for successive sampling (d ) was the most influential design parameter for reducing cost and increasing precision. Also, GIS found more rare units with greater consistency compared to simple random sampling without replacement (SRS). An important characteristic of the GIS design is that sampling stops when the target number of rare units is found, which prevents unnecessary sampling and contrasts favorably with other adaptive designs such as adaptive cluster sampling.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/env.2459","usgsCitation":"Panahbehagh, B., and Smith, D.R., 2017, Group inverse sampling: An economical approach to inverse sampling: Environmetrics, v. 28, no. 7, e2459, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/env.2459.","productDescription":"e2459, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-082689","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Panahbehagh, Bardia","contributorId":238530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Panahbehagh","given":"Bardia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47721,"text":"Department of Mathematics, Kharazmi Univeristy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70195151,"text":"70195151 - 2017 - The interacting roles of climate, soils, and plant production on soil microbial communities at a continental scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T19:01:49.827094","indexId":"70195151","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The interacting roles of climate, soils, and plant production on soil microbial communities at a continental scale","docAbstract":"Soil microbial communities control critical ecosystem processes such as decomposition, nutrient cycling, and soil organic matter formation. Continental scale patterns in the composition and functioning of microbial communities are related to climatic, biotic, and edaphic factors such as temperature and precipitation, plant community composition, and soil carbon, nitrogen, and pH. Although these relationships have been well explored individually, the examination of the factors that may act directly on microbial communities vs. those that may act indirectly through other ecosystem properties has not been well developed. To further such understanding, we utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate a set of hypotheses about the direct and indirect effects of climatic, biotic, and edaphic variables on microbial communities across the continental United States. The primary goals of this work were to test our current understanding of the interactions among climate, soils, and plants in affecting microbial community composition, and to examine whether variation in the composition of the microbial community affects potential rates of soil enzymatic activities. A model of interacting factors created through SEM shows several expected patterns. Distal factors such as climate had indirect effects on microbial communities by influencing plant productivity, soil mineralogy, and soil pH, but factors related to soil organic matter chemistry had the most direct influence on community composition. We observed that both plant productivity and soil mineral composition were important indirect influences on community composition at the continental scale, both interacting to affect organic matter content and microbial biomass and ultimately community composition. Although soil hydrolytic enzymes were related to the moisture regime and soil carbon, oxidative enzymes were also affected by community composition, reflected in the abundance of soil fungi. These results highlight that soil microbial communities can be modeled within the context of multiple interacting ecosystem properties acting both directly and indirectly on their composition and function, and this provides a rich and informative context with which to examine communities. This work also highlights that variation in climate, microbial biomass, and microbial community composition can affect maximum rates of soil enzyme activities, potentially influencing rates of decomposition and nutrient mineralization in soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.1883","usgsCitation":"Waldrop, M.P., Holloway, J.M., Smith, D.B., Goldhaber, M.B., Drenovsky, R.E., Scow, K.M., Dick, R., Howard, D.M., Wylie, B.K., and Grace, J.B., 2017, The interacting roles of climate, soils, and plant production on soil microbial communities at a continental scale: Ecology, v. 98, no. 7, p. 1957-1967, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1883.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1957","endPage":"1967","ipdsId":"IP-079060","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351294,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":469707,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://collected.jcu.edu/fac_bib_2017/9","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"volume":"98","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7c1e7be4b00f54eb22934d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waldrop, Mark P. 0000-0003-1829-7140 mwaldrop@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":1599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"Mark","email":"mwaldrop@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holloway, JoAnn M. 0000-0003-3603-7668 jholloway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-7668","contributorId":918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloway","given":"JoAnn","email":"jholloway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, David B. 0000-0001-8396-9105 dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":138565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Drenovsky, R. E.","contributorId":201925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drenovsky","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36301,"text":"John Carroll Univeristy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scow, K. M.","contributorId":201926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scow","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dick, R.","contributorId":201927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dick","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36302,"text":"Ohio State Univeristy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":727208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Howard, Daniel M. 0000-0002-7563-7538 danny.howard.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7563-7538","contributorId":197063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Daniel","email":"danny.howard.ctr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":727209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":727211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70212318,"text":"70212318 - 2017 - Developing a landscape‐scale, multi‐species, and cost‐efficient conservation strategy for imperilled aquatic species in the Upper Tennessee River Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-14T14:58:41.648035","indexId":"70212318","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-29T09:52:22","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":862,"text":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a landscape‐scale, multi‐species, and cost‐efficient conservation strategy for imperilled aquatic species in the Upper Tennessee River Basin, USA","docAbstract":"Due to its slow turnover rates in soil, pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is considered an important C pool and relevant to climate change processes. Therefore, the amounts of soil PyC were compared to environmental covariates over an area of 327,757 km2 in the northeastern United States in order to understand the controls on PyC distribution over large areas. Topsoil (defined as the soil A horizon, after removal of any organic horizons) samples were collected at 165 field sites in a generalised random tessellation stratified design that corresponded to approximately 1 site per 1600 km2 and PyC was estimated from diffuse reflectance mid-infrared spectroscopy measurements using a partial least-squares regression analysis in conjunction with a large database of PyC measurements based on a solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique. Three spatial models were applied to the data in order to relate critical environmental covariates to the changes in spatial density of PyC over the landscape. Regional mean density estimates of PyC were 11.0 g kg− 1 (0.84 Gg km− 2) for Ordinary Kriging, 25.8 g kg− 1(12.2 Gg km− 2) for Multivariate Linear Regression, and 26.1 g kg− 1 (12.4 Gg km− 2) for Bayesian Regression Kriging. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) indicated that the Multivariate Linear Regression model performed best (AIC = 842.6; n = 165) compared to Ordinary Kriging (AIC = 982.4) and Bayesian Regression Kriging (AIC = 979.2). Soil PyC concentrations correlated well with total soil sulphur (P < 0.001; n = 165), plant tissue lignin (P = 0.003), and drainage class (P = 0.008). This suggests the opportunity of including related environmental parameters in the spatial assessment of PyC in soils. Better estimates of the contribution of PyC to the global carbon cycle will thus also require more accurate assessments of these covariates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.02.022","usgsCitation":"Jauss, V., Sullivan, P.J., Sanderman, J., Smith, D.B., and Lehmann, J., 2017, Pyrogenic carbon distribution in mineral topsoils of the northeastern United States: Geoderma, v. 296, p. 69-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.02.022.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"78","ipdsId":"IP-081130","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488415,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.02.022","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336818,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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dsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-9105","contributorId":138565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"dsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lehmann, Johannes","contributorId":187478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehmann","given":"Johannes","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193485,"text":"70193485 - 2017 - Conservation status of the American horseshoe crab, (Limulus polyphemus): A regional assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T11:05:48","indexId":"70193485","displayToPublicDate":"2017-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3278,"text":"Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Conservation status of the American horseshoe crab, (Limulus polyphemus): A regional assessment","title":"Conservation status of the American horseshoe crab, (Limulus polyphemus): A regional assessment","docAbstract":"Horseshoe crabs have persisted for more than 200 million years, and fossil forms date to 450 million years ago. The American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus), one of four extant horseshoe crab species, is found along the Atlantic coastline of North America ranging from Alabama to Maine, USA with another distinct population on the coasts of Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo in the Yucatán Peninsula, México. Although the American horseshoe crab tolerates broad environmental conditions, exploitation and habitat loss threaten the species. We assessed the conservation status of the American horseshoe crab by comprehensively reviewing available scientific information on its range, life history, genetic structure, population trends and analyses, major threats, and conservation. We structured the status assessment by six genetically-informed regions and accounted for sub-regional differences in environmental conditions, threats, and management. The transnational regions are Gulf of Maine (USA), Mid-Atlantic (USA), Southeast (USA), Florida Atlantic (USA), Northeast Gulf of México (USA), and Yucatán Peninsula (México). Our conclusion is that the American horseshoe crab species is vulnerable to local extirpation and that the degree and extent of risk vary among and within the regions. The risk is elevated in the Gulf of Maine region due to limited and fragmented habitat. The populations of horseshoe crabs in the Mid-Atlantic region are stable in the Delaware Bay area, and regulatory controls are in place, but the risk is elevated in the New England area as evidenced by continuing declines understood to be caused by over-harvest. The populations of horseshoe crabs in the Southeast region are stable or increasing. The populations of horseshoe crabs in the Florida Atlantic region show mixed trends among areas, and continuing population reductions at the embayment level have poorly understood causes. Within the Northeast Gulf of Mexico, causes of population trends are poorly understood and currently there is no active management of horseshoe crabs. Horseshoe crabs within México have conservation protection based on limited and fragmented habitat and geographic isolation from other regions, but elevated risk applies to the horseshoe crabs in the Yucatán Peninsula region until sufficient data can confirm population stability. Future species status throughout its range will depend on the effectiveness of conservation to mitigate habitat loss and manage for sustainable harvest among and within regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11160-016-9461-y","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.R., Brockmann, H.J., Beekey, M.A., King, T.L., Millard, M., and Zaldivar-Rae, J., 2017, Conservation status of the American horseshoe crab, (Limulus polyphemus): A regional assessment: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, v. 27, no. 1, p. 135-175, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-016-9461-y.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"175","ipdsId":"IP-072969","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-016-9461-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","volume":"27","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a06c8cfe4b09af898c86135","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brockmann, H. Jane","contributorId":199472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brockmann","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jane","affiliations":[{"id":12558,"text":"University of Florida, Gainesville","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beekey, Mark A.","contributorId":199471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beekey","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35545,"text":"Sacred Heart University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"King, Tim L. tlking@usgs.gov","contributorId":3520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"tlking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Millard, Mike","contributorId":194166,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millard","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26874,"text":"USFWS, Lamar, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zaldivar-Rae, Jaime","contributorId":199473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zaldivar-Rae","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35546,"text":"Anáhuac Mayab University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}