{"pageNumber":"1","pageRowStart":"0","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16493,"records":[{"id":70276454,"text":"70276454 - 2026 - Streamflow and surface-water presence data availability across the conterminous United States: A review for headwater systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-05T13:55:33.458167","indexId":"70276454","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-26T08:49:06","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Streamflow and surface-water presence data availability across the conterminous United States: A review for headwater systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Water is essential for life on Earth, supporting ecosystems, human health, and economic activities. Hydrology relies on observational data, and this paper discusses regional and national datasets for the conterminous United States (CONUS) publicly available as of 2023, focusing on headwaters, defined as first- and second-order streams at 1:24000 scale. It identifies 72 primary and secondary datasets and 11 repositories and argues how better integration and accessibility of hydrological data can improve research. The paper distinguishes between datasets where streamflow was the primary data collection objective and those where it was secondary. This distinction highlights opportunities to consider data from efforts peripheral to hydrology but is still useful for understanding hydrologic conditions. The analysis reveals that out of about 118 000 active and inactive stream observation sites, about 6.6% and 25% are located on first- and second-order streams, respectively. This indicates a substantial data gap for headwater systems, which account for over 77% of stream length in CONUS. Federal agencies manage 72% of hydrologic monitoring sites across all stream orders, but only 34% of these are in headwater systems. Academic institutions operate about 2% of sites, with almost half (48%) in headwater systems, focusing on ecosystem research. State agencies also operate about 2% of sites, primarily on larger systems, with 19% on headwaters. Additionally, 23% of sites are managed by multiple agencies. Spatial patterns further reveal pronounced disparities among physiographic regions. Eastern and coastal provinces show relatively dense monitoring, while central and western regions show sparse coverage. These gaps reflect historical priorities, logistical constraints, funding limitations, and the high cost of continuous instrumentation. To address biases in monitoring networks, data collection could be enhanced with low-cost monitoring, community science, and remote sensing technologies. This study also notes the benefits of long-term monitoring and prioritizing retention of streamgages with longer records.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70572","usgsCitation":"Sando, R., Jaeger, K., Kelleher, C., Hammond, J., Christensen, J.R., Segura, C., Golden, H.E., Cheng, F.Y., Husic, A., Jones, C.N., Lane, C.R., Li, L., Mahoney, D.T., McMillan, H., Price, A.N., Seybold, E.C., Ward, A., Zimmer, M., and Pestana, S.J., 2026, Streamflow and surface-water presence data availability across the conterminous United States: A review for headwater systems: Hydrological Processes, v. 40, no. 5, e70572, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70572.","productDescription":"e70572, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-181989","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Nathan","contributorId":371825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"C.","middleInitial":"Nathan","affiliations":[{"id":36730,"text":"University of Alabama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lane, Charles R.","contributorId":365251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":87101,"text":"Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Athens, Georgia, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Li, Li 0000-0002-1641-3710","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-3710","contributorId":197290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":962425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mahoney, D. Tyler 0000-0003-0523-508X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-508X","contributorId":304419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahoney","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":66062,"text":"University of Louisville","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McMillan, Hillary 0000-0002-9330-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9330-9730","contributorId":215266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMillan","given":"Hillary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Price, Adam N. 0000-0002-7211-4758","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-4758","contributorId":295971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":27155,"text":"University of California Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Seybold, Erin C. 0000-0002-0365-2333","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0365-2333","contributorId":340201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seybold","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":35641,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Ward, Adam 0000-0002-6376-0061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-0061","contributorId":296003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40154,"text":"Indiana University Bloomington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Zimmer, Margaret 0000-0001-8287-1923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8287-1923","contributorId":225158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmer","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[{"id":41054,"text":"Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Pestana, Steven James 0000-0003-3360-0996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-0996","contributorId":371828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pestana","given":"Steven","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}}
,{"id":70276270,"text":"70276270 - 2026 - Factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrate health in the City of Roanoke, Virginia, 2020–2023","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-29T14:23:57.667028","indexId":"70276270","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-20T09:14:07","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrate health in the City of Roanoke, Virginia, 2020–2023","docAbstract":"<p>Major waterways in the City of Roanoke (City) have failed to meet Virginia’s aquatic life designated use since 1996. Segments of the upper Roanoke River lack healthy benthic macroinvertebrate communities which prompted a total maximum daily load (TMDL) study by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (VDEQ) to identify the most probable stressor(s) causing the impairment. Excess fine sediment was identified as the most probable stressor impairing benthic macroinvertebrates on portions of the Roanoke River in 2006, and a watershed implementation plan published in 2016 required communities within the impaired watershed to implement projects that would reduce the load of fine sediment entering the Roanoke River. Additional benthic macroinvertebrate sampling and stream habitat assessments along the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek (a tributary to the Roanoke River that flows through the City) revealed continued impaired conditions, and subsequent stressor identification analysis was completed in 2023. Samples collected downstream of the City on the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek generally showed more impaired conditions relative to samples collected at locations upstream of the City. Based on this evaluation, sediment and sediment-bound polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were identified as probable stressors while specific conductance, total nitrogen, and sediment metals were possible stressors in Tinker Creek; however, only a sediment TMDL target was identified to address impaired benthic macroinvertebrate communities. In the Roanoke River upstream of the Niagara Dam, sediment and total phosphorus were identified as probable stressors, sediment polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and sediment PCB were considered possible stressors; however, the TMDL target was only for total phosphorus. &nbsp;</p><p>The City partnered with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2016 to continuously monitor water quality and streamflow conditions on a major tributary of Tinker Creek, Lick Run, and by 2020, four similar monitoring stations were installed on the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek near the locations of benthic macroinvertebrate sampling. Monitored parameters included streamflow and/or gage height (water level), water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and turbidity. Turbidity is a measure of the relative clarity of the water and was previously used to model suspended-sediment concentrations at the monitoring stations. The City also contracted Kirk Environmental, LLP (KE) to collect benthic macroinvertebrate samples and stream habitat assessments near the locations of the water-quality monitoring stations. Identified benthic macroinvertebrates were used to calculate the Virginia Stream Condition Index (SCI), a multi-metric index composed of eight biological attributes that represent elements of the structure and function of the benthic macroinvertebrate community that measure diversity, composition, and tolerance to pollution. &nbsp;</p><p>Study objective: In this report, benthic macroinvertebrate samples and stream habitat assessment scores collected at four locations on the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek by KE and the VDEQ between 2020 and 2023 were compared to measured water-quality and streamflow conditions prior to sampling to evaluate patterns between benthic macroinvertebrate health, water quality, and hydrology. &nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Virginia Tech","usgsCitation":"Miller, S.A., Aguilar, M.F., Helsley, L., and Entrekin, S., 2026, Factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrate health in the City of Roanoke, Virginia, 2020–2023, vi, 139 p.","productDescription":"vi, 139 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182640","costCenters":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504682,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10919/143118"},{"id":504867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Roanoke","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.13499498922846,\n              37.407717247099555\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.84673314727793,\n              37.407717247099555\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.84673314727793,\n              37.18395942419494\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.13499498922846,\n              37.18395942419494\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.13499498922846,\n              37.407717247099555\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Samuel Adam 0000-0003-4225-1601","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4225-1601","contributorId":333495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aguilar, Marcus F 0000-0002-4431-9596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4431-9596","contributorId":333497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aguilar","given":"Marcus","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[{"id":79901,"text":"City of Roanoke","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Helsley, Logan 0009-0000-6496-8617","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6496-8617","contributorId":371497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helsley","given":"Logan","affiliations":[{"id":88163,"text":"City of Roanoke, Department of Public Works","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Entrekin, Sally 0000-0002-8276-7832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8276-7832","contributorId":332044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Entrekin","given":"Sally","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70275768,"text":"sir20265017 - 2026 - Precipitation-based flood-inundation maps for the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries at Lee’s Summit, Missouri, 2024","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-26T18:19:14.863567","indexId":"sir20265017","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-19T09:33:54","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5017","displayTitle":"Precipitation-Based Flood-Inundation Maps for the East Fork Little Blue River and Tributaries at Lee’s Summit, Missouri, 2024","title":"Precipitation-based flood-inundation maps for the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries at Lee’s Summit, Missouri, 2024","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Abstract\">The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Lee’s Summit, Missouri, assessed flooding of the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries for varying precipitation magnitudes and durations, varying antecedent runoff conditions, and projected climate-change conditions. The precipitation scenarios were used to develop a library of flood-inundation maps for a 2.95-mile reach of the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries within the city.</p><p class=\"Abstract\">A two-dimensional U.S.&nbsp;Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center–River Analysis System (HEC–RAS; ver.&nbsp;6.5) rain-on-grid model was calibrated to selected runoff events representing a range of antecedent runoff conditions and hydrologic responses. Lowest adjacent grades for structures within the nearby study area were incorporated into the terrain, and depth grids and water-surface elevation grids were developed for the study area. Simulated velocities at selected bridge locations were also developed from the model. The model was calibrated using water-surface elevation data collected from water-level loggers (pressure transducers) and streamflow measurements and water-surface elevation measurements made at a reference point during runoff events. The calibrated HEC–RAS model was used to simulate streamflows from design rainfall events of 15-minute to 24-hour durations and ranging from a 100- to 0.1-percent annual exceedance probability (1-year to 1,000-year recurrence intervals). Flood-inundation maps were produced for depths at a reference location of 3 to 16&nbsp;feet, or a depth exceeding the 0.1-percent annual exceedance probability interval precipitation. The results of each precipitation duration-frequency value were represented by a 1-foot-increment inundation map based on the generated peak streamflow from that rainfall event and the corresponding water-surface elevation at the East Fork Little Blue River reference location.</p><p class=\"Abstract\">Within the HEC–RAS model, 240&nbsp;scenarios were developed from the design rainfall events with each of 3&nbsp;antecedent conditions. Additional scenarios were created to simulate the effects of projected precipitation scenarios on the 100-year recurrence interval, 24-hour storm and the 100-year recurrence interval, 6-hour storm. All simulation results were assigned to a flood-inundation map condition based on the generated peak flow and corresponding water-surface elevation at the East Fork Little Blue River reference location.</p><p class=\"Abstract\">The flood-inundation maps are shown on a web mapping application made available to the public through the City of Lee’s Summit (hyperlink will be added when available). The flood-inundation maps are tied to real-time precipitation data obtained from the Automated Surface Observing System weather station at the Lee’s Summit Municipal Airport, accessible at <a href=\"https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/request/download.phtml?network=MO_ASOS\" data-mce-href=\"https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/request/download.phtml?network=MO_ASOS\"><span>https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/request/download.phtml?network=MO_ASOS</span></a>. The availability of these maps, along with information regarding observed rainfall, could help provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood-response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, and for postflood recovery efforts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265017","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Lee’s Summit, Missouri","usgsCitation":"Atkinson, A.A., 2026, Precipitation-based flood-inundation maps for the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries at Lee’s Summit, Missouri, 2024: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5017, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265017.","productDescription":"Report: viii; 24 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-161724","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504709,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119450.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":504500,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5017/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":504501,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5017/sir20265017.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.31 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5017 PDF"},{"id":504502,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265017/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5017"},{"id":504503,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5017/sir20265017.XML","description":"SIR 2026-5017"},{"id":504504,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5017/images"},{"id":504505,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13NSPHQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data and model archives associated with precipitation-driven flood-inundation mapping of the East Fork Little Blue River and associated tributaries at Lee’s Summit, Missouri"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"East Fork Little Blue River and Tributaries at Lee’s Summit","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.4,\n              38.95\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.3,\n              38.95\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.3,\n              38.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.4,\n              38.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.4,\n              38.95\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cm-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cm-water\">Central Midwest Water Science Center</a>&nbsp;<br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1400 Independence Road<br>Rolla, MO 65401</p><p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Plain Language Summary</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Creation of Flood-Inundation-Map Library</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2026-05-19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"plainLanguageSummary":"<p class=\"PlainLangSummary\" style=\"mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;\" data-mce-style=\"mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;\">The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Lee’s Summit, Missouri, assessed flooding of the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries for varying precipitation magnitudes and durations, varying antecedent runoff conditions, and projected climate-change conditions. The precipitation scenarios were used to develop a library of flood-inundation maps that included a 2.95-mile reach of the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries within the city. The availability of these maps, along with information regarding observed rainfall, could help provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood-response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, and for postflood recovery efforts.</p>","publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkinson, Allison A. 0009-0001-7572-0729 aatkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7572-0729","contributorId":330979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Allison","email":"aatkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70275763,"text":"70275763 - 2026 - VegET evapotranspiration for Africa: Continental-scale simulation, multi-product evaluation, and drought assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-18T15:28:47.067505","indexId":"70275763","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-15T08:10:36","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"VegET evapotranspiration for Africa: Continental-scale simulation, multi-product evaluation, and drought assessment","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abs0010\"><h3 id=\"sect0010\" class=\"u-h4 u-margin-m-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Study region</h3><div id=\"sp0105\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Continental Africa, encompassing diverse climatic zones—tropical, arid, and temperate—and spanning major transboundary river basins such as the Nile, Niger, Congo, Volta, and Zambezi River Basins. The region exhibits pronounced hydroclimatic gradients and heterogeneous land use systems ranging from rainfed croplands and rangelands to dense tropical forests and irrigated schemes.</div></div><div id=\"abs0015\"><h3 id=\"sect0015\" class=\"u-h4 u-margin-m-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">Study focus</h3><div id=\"sp0110\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) is a central component of the terrestrial water balance, governing the redistribution of water and energy between the land surface and the atmosphere. Accurate estimation of ETa at continental scale is critical for hydrological monitoring, water resource management, and climate adaptation, as well as for quantifying water, energy, and carbon fluxes that underpin sustainable development. In this study, we applied the agro-hydrologic VegET v2 model to simulate a new, high-resolution, continental-scale ETa dataset for Africa (2000–2021). The model results were benchmarked against four widely used remote sensing-based products—MODIS16 v6.1, SSEBop v6.1, WaPOR v3, and GLEAM v4.1a—across major climate zones, land use types, and River Basins, providing a comprehensive multi-product evaluation of evapotranspiration dynamics across the continent.</div></div><div id=\"abs0020\"><h3 id=\"sect0020\" class=\"u-h4 u-margin-m-top u-margin-xs-bottom\">New hydrological insights for the region</h3><div id=\"sp0115\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Validation against eddy covariance flux tower observations at eight representative sites confirmed that VegET v2 accurately reproduces the seasonal dynamics of observed ETa, achieving a correlation (r) of 0.8 and an RMSE of 25 mm month⁻¹ —accuracy that is comparable to or higher than accuracies of satellite-based products MODIS16, SSEBop, and GLEAM. This study represents one of the first Africa-wide hydrological simulations of ETa, extending the VegET model beyond basin-scale applications. Intercomparisons reveal that VegET aligns closely with MODIS16, SSEBop, and GLEAM in humid and tropical regions (r = 0.80–0.90; RMSE &lt; 20 mm month⁻¹), while greater discrepancies appear in arid and semi-arid zones, where WaPOR tends to overestimate ETa (RMSE ≥ 28 mm month⁻¹). Despite these differences, VegET effectively captures spatial and temporal ETa variability across rainfed croplands, forests, and savannas, supporting its utility in regional water balance assessments, water accounting, and drought monitoring. A key application of VegET v2 is the Evapotranspiration Deficit Index (ETDI), derived by integrating VegET-based ETa with potential evapotranspiration (PET) to quantify water stress. ETDI successfully captured major drought episodes across Africa, including persistent Sahelian and southern African dry spells, the 2020–2021 winter drought in the Maghreb, and the 2018–2019 austral summer drought in southern Africa, while identifying positive anomalies over central Africa indicative of recurrent wetness. These results underscore VegET’s capability as a hydrologically consistent, operational tool for continental ETa monitoring and drought assessment, offering support for basin-scale water balance studies, food security planning, and climate resilience across Africa’s diverse hydrological environments.</div></div><p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103511","usgsCitation":"Akpoti, K., Velpuri, N., Leh, M., Kagone, S., Mekonnen, K., Owusu, A., Tadesse, M., Prabhath, P.T., Madushanka, L., Perera, T., Parrish, G.E., Nangia, V., Sy, S., Bliefernicht, J., Guug, S., Seid, A., and Senay, G.B., 2026, VegET evapotranspiration for Africa: Continental-scale simulation, multi-product evaluation, and drought assessment: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 66, 103511, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103511.","productDescription":"103511, 46 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176068","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504645,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103511","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -14.747952563170372,\n              31.335771644077468\n            ],\n            [\n              -22.664246394525506,\n              10.948239374823473\n            ],\n            [\n              11.11513704629678,\n              -10.725838574231446\n            ],\n            [\n              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This region of California provides about half of the Nation’s lettuce, celery, broccoli, and spinach each year. Thus, this agricultural area provides substantial volumes of agricultural products not just for California but for the United States.</p><p>Changes in population and increased agricultural development, which includes a shift toward more water-intensive crops, and climate variability, have put increasing demand on both surface-water and groundwater resources in the valley. This situation has resulted in water management challenges in the Salinas Valley that generally relate to the distribution of the water supply throughout the basin. Where and when the water is present in the surface and subsurface does not coincide with where and when the water is needed. Historically, to deal with the distribution issue, water has been used conjunctively in the valley. Conjunctive use is a water management strategy that coordinates surface-water and groundwater use to maximize water availability. Groundwater is used throughout the Salinas Valley to meet water demands when surface-water supplies are insufficient. The availability of surface water is constrained by climate. Precipitation and streamflow vary seasonally and year to year. Although there are two reservoirs in the Salinas Valley to capture and store water during wet periods, the only conveyance of reservoir water to coastal agricultural areas is the Salinas River. Increasing demand for groundwater and surface-water resources throughout the Salinas Valley has resulted in undesirable effects from unsustainable water use, such as surface-water depletion, groundwater-level declines, storage depletion in the principal aquifers, and seawater intrusion. To address these escalating issues, local communities, water management agencies, and groundwater sustainability agencies are evaluating how to sustainably manage both their surface-water and groundwater resources. To meet water demands and reduce the undesirable effects of unsustainable water use, continued conjunctive management of surface water and groundwater would ideally incorporate strategies to deal with increases in demand and climate variability.</p><p>To evaluate the challenging water management issues in the Salinas Valley, the U.S. Geological Survey, Monterey County Water Resources Agency, and the Salinas Valley Basin Groundwater Sustainability Agency developed a comprehensive suite of models that represent the Salinas Valley hydrogeologic system called the Salinas Valley System Model. The geologic framework is known as the Salinas Valley Geologic Framework and was developed to characterize the subsurface using various topographic and geologic data sources, including information on hydrogeologic units, their surfaces and extents, geologic structures, lithology, and elevations from borehole data and cross sections, as well as details on faults and existing models. The surface-water model is called the Salinas Valley Watershed Model and simulates the Salinas River watershed. Monthly surface-water inflows into the integrated hydrologic model domain were simulated using the Salinas Valley Watershed Model. The historical model uses historical climate data, water and land use data, and reservoir releases to simulate agricultural operations, including landscape water demands, diversions, and reclaimed wastewater. The operational model adds an embedded reservoir operations framework to the simulation of the historical model that allows specified operational rules to simulate reservoir releases and changes in reservoir storage. The operational model assumes current reservoir operations and constant land use, which differs from historical conditions. Thus, the operational model is a hypothetical baseline model that can be used by local water managers to evaluate and quantify potential benefits of water supply projects. Together, the geologic framework, watershed, historical, and operational models form a tool that can be used to simulate irrigated agriculture and associated reservoir operations of the integrated hydrologic system of the Salinas Valley.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265005","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Monterey County Resources Agency, Monterey County, and the Salinas Valley Basin Groundwater Sustainability Agency","usgsCitation":"Henson, W.R., Hanson, R., Boyce, S., Hevesi, J., Earll, M.M., Herbert, D.M., and Jachens, E.R., 2026, Salinas Valley integrated hydrologic and reservoir operations models, Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5005, 166 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265005. 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id=\"menur4sc\" class=\"fui-Link ___1q1shib f2hkw1w f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1s184ao f1mk8lai fnbmjn9 f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1nev41a f1h8hb77 f1lqvz6u f10aw75t fsle3fq f17ae5zn\" title=\"mailto:dc_ca@usgs.gov\" href=\"mailto:dc_ca@usgs.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Link Director\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_ca@usgs.gov\">Director</a>,&nbsp;<a id=\"menur4se\" class=\"fui-Link ___1q1shib f2hkw1w f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1s184ao f1mk8lai fnbmjn9 f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1nev41a f1h8hb77 f1lqvz6u f10aw75t fsle3fq f17ae5zn\" title=\"https://ca.water.usgs.gov/\" href=\"https://ca.water.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Link California Water Science Center\" data-mce-href=\"https://ca.water.usgs.gov/\">California Water Science Center</a><br><a id=\"menur4sg\" class=\"fui-Link ___1q1shib f2hkw1w f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1s184ao f1mk8lai fnbmjn9 f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1nev41a f1h8hb77 f1lqvz6u f10aw75t fsle3fq f17ae5zn\" title=\"https://www.usgs.gov/\" href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Link U.S. Geological Survey\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/\">U.S. Geological Survey</a><br>6000 J Street, Placer Hall<br>Sacramento, California 95819</p><p><a id=\"menur4si\" class=\"fui-Link ___1q1shib f2hkw1w f3rmtva f1ewtqcl fyind8e f1k6fduh f1w7gpdv fk6fouc fjoy568 figsok6 f1s184ao f1mk8lai fnbmjn9 f1o700av f13mvf36 f1cmlufx f9n3di6 f1ids18y f1tx3yz7 f1deo86v f1eh06m1 f1iescvh fhgqx19 f1olyrje f1p93eir f1nev41a f1h8hb77 f1lqvz6u f10aw75t fsle3fq f17ae5zn\" title=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Link Contact Pubs Warehouse\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Purpose and Scope</li><li>Description of Study Area</li><li>Integrated Hydrologic and Operational Model Development</li><li>Model Uncertainty, Limitations, and Potential Improvements</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2026-05-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henson, Wesley R. 0000-0003-4962-5565 whenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-5565","contributorId":384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henson","given":"Wesley","email":"whenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, Randy 0000-0002-9819-7141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":216356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randy","affiliations":[{"id":37374,"text":"Retired USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyce, Scott 0000-0003-0626-9492 seboyce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-9492","contributorId":4766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Scott","email":"seboyce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hevesi, Joseph 0000-0003-2898-1800 jhevesi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":1507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"Joseph","email":"jhevesi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Earll, Marisa M. 0000-0002-4367-2013","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-2013","contributorId":353069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Earll","given":"Marisa","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":961357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herbert, Deidre M. 0000-0001-8707-3218","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-3218","contributorId":344106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herbert","given":"Deidre","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":961358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jachens, Elizabeth R. 0000-0001-5885-8892","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5885-8892","contributorId":294690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Elizabeth","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70275712,"text":"70275712 - 2026 - Watershed Continuum Monitoring Approach: Combining multiple water quality patterns along stream and river flowpaths to track sources, pathways, and processing of pollutants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-13T14:33:57.943771","indexId":"70275712","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-12T09:25:30","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Watershed Continuum Monitoring Approach: Combining multiple water quality patterns along stream and river flowpaths to track sources, pathways, and processing of pollutants","docAbstract":"<p><span>There is a growing need to improve and expand water quality monitoring approaches to more accurately track the sources, fate, and transport of multiple chemicals and pollutants holistically and quantify the effects of best management practices (BMPs) at the watershed scale. An overarching question raised by scientists, environmental managers, and the general public is: how far can water quality impacts from disturbances or benefits from watershed management and restoration propagate along stream and river flowpaths? Many studies using the classic watershed approach focus on analyzing changes in water quality over time at one or a few sampling stations, whereas theories such as the River Continuum Concept focus on predicting shifts in energy sources and biological communities along rivers but have not been directly applied to water quality. We propose to merge these concepts to create a Watershed Continuum Monitoring Approach (WCMA) that combines both spatial and temporal monitoring in order to better detect and quantify trends and transitions in multiple water quality indicators along flowpaths. Specifically, an array of multiple water quality indicators are analyzed at multiple downstream points along a watershed flowpath over time. These multiple water quality indicators are analyzed together for making comparisons to infer hydrological, biological, and geochemical processes controlling sources, transport, and attenuation of pollutants (</span><i>e.g.</i><span>, analagous to stream tracer studies at the watershed scale). The WCMA leverages the natural expansion of watershed areas along a flowpath, which reflect transitions in land use, land cover, and environmental management across spatial and temporal dimensions for making direct comparisons across different stream reaches and spatial trend analysis. WCMA facilitates monitoring of multiple water quality indicators together, and identifcation of hot spots in sources and attenuation of pollutants or mixtures of pollutants. We illustrate practical applications of the WCMA to analyze water quality trends, transitions, and tradeoffs (</span><i>i.e.</i><span>, a tradeoff occurs when one pollutant is reduced but another is directly or indirectly increased downstream). We explore case studies that quantify: (1) downstream reductions in concentrations of multiple pollutants along a stream flowing to a major drinking water source due to engineered and nature-based solutions, (2) downstream reductions in multiple pollutants and water quality tradeoffs along streams experiencing stormwater BMPs and stream restoration, (3) comparisons in downstream reductions of multiple pollutants and nutrient uptake along streams draining into major drinking water sources based on types of stream restoration, (4) comparisons of downstream pollutant reductions along streams experiencing riparian forest conservation&nbsp;</span><i>vs.</i><span>&nbsp;stream restoration, and (5) mapping and visualizing hot spots of increasing water quality problems such as hypoxia, contaminant mobilization, and freshwater salinization that extend downstream to tidal rivers of the Chesapeake Bay. We explore future applications of WCMA for tracking decreasing trends in salinity,&nbsp;</span><i>E. coli</i><span>, and other pollutants of emerging concern. WCMA can holistically inform progress towards achieving multiple water quality goals and also be used as a screening tool for selecting monitoring sites and targeting management in strategic locations. Overall, WCMA enables the simultaneous quantification and comparison of sources and transport and attenuation rates for different chemicals and pollutants across a broader range of watershed sizes and flowpath lengths, which is critical for understanding ecological, hydrological, geochemical, and biogeochemical processes along human-impacted streams and rivers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107971","usgsCitation":"Kaushal, S., Mon, A., Grant, S., Mayer, P.M., Porter, A.J., Sekellick, A.J., Chase, J., Bhide, S., Jastram, J.D., Newcomer-Johnson, T., Shelton, S.A., Yaculak, A.M., Malin, J.T., Maas, C.M., Salanitri, N., Silberstein, D.J., Hohman, S.P., Dann, A.B., Slaughter, W.M., Rippy, M.A., Monofy, A., Shatkay, R.R., Reimer, J.E., Seppi, M., Noel, R., Mussa, J., Kellmayer, B., Sivirichi, G., Grese, M., Boger, W.L., Chanat, J.G., Duan, S., and Belt, K.T., 2026, Watershed Continuum Monitoring Approach: Combining multiple water quality patterns along stream and river flowpaths to track sources, pathways, and processing of pollutants: Ecological Engineering, v. 229, 107971, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107971.","productDescription":"107971, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180496","costCenters":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107971","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"229","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaushal, 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,{"id":70275726,"text":"70275726 - 2026 - Effects of wildfire on soil hydraulic properties in the western Oregon Cascades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-14T13:32:52.060066","indexId":"70275726","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-12T08:22:43","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9326,"text":"JGR Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of wildfire on soil hydraulic properties in the western Oregon Cascades","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wildfires can substantially impact the hydrology of forested watersheds, increasing the risk of hydrologic hazards such as flash floods and debris flows. Soil hydraulic properties related to infiltration are a key control in determining the timing and magnitude of these hydrogeomorphic events. In our study, we collected 445 soil cores from burned (216 cores) and unburned (229 cores) reference catchments and analyzed them for soil hydraulic properties 10&nbsp;months after the 2022 Cedar Creek Fire in Oregon, USA. We observed significantly greater field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (</span><i>K</i><sub><i>fs</i></sub><span>), sorptivity (</span><i>S</i><span>), and wetting front potential (</span><i>Ψ</i><sub><i>f</i></sub><span>) in burned soils relative to unburned soils, with median ratios of 5.7, 4.4, and 5.0, respectively. Among low-, moderate-, and high burn severity groups, soil hydraulic properties were not statistically different. Reductions in median soil bulk density with increasing burn severity suggested an expansion of pore sizes, which may have been partially responsible for increasing&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>fs</sub><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>S</i><span>. Additionally, in some burned soil samples, the increase in soil hydraulic properties may have been partially related to a concurrent reduction in “natural background” water repellency that is characteristic of dry, unburned soils in the Western Cascades. We observed no evidence of spatial autocorrelation in&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub>fs</sub><span>&nbsp;using semivariogram analysis. Principal component analysis paired with a&nbsp;</span><i>k-</i><span>means cluster analysis suggested that soil physical properties explained variations in soil hydraulic properties better than landscape attributes. Although there is a lack of regional results for comparison, our results trend in the opposite direction from drier, lower net primary productivity regions that are typically studied for post-wildfire soil hydraulic properties.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JG009611","usgsCitation":"Pimont, C., Thaler, E.A., Ebel, B., and Bladon, K.D., 2026, Effects of wildfire on soil hydraulic properties in the western Oregon Cascades: JGR Biogeosciences, v. 131, no. 5, e2025JG009611, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JG009611.","productDescription":"e2025JG009611, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-184231","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504374,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jg009611","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504323,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"western Oregon Cascades","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.3784,\n              43.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23,\n              43.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.23,\n              43.62\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3784,\n              43.62\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.3784,\n              43.8\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"131","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pimont, Cedric","contributorId":371321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pimont","given":"Cedric","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thaler, Evan A.","contributorId":371322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thaler","given":"Evan","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":211845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bladon, Kevin D.","contributorId":371323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bladon","given":"Kevin","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70275060,"text":"sir20265009 - 2026 - Hydrogeologic framework and conceptual groundwater-flow model of the panhandle and northwest parts of the High Plains (Ogallala) aquifer in Oklahoma, 1998–2022","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-11T17:07:27.925508","indexId":"sir20265009","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-11T11:05:55","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5009","displayTitle":"Hydrogeologic Framework and Conceptual Groundwater-​Flow Model of the Panhandle and Northwest Parts of the High Plains (Ogallala) Aquifer in Oklahoma, 1998–2022","title":"Hydrogeologic framework and conceptual groundwater-flow model of the panhandle and northwest parts of the High Plains (Ogallala) aquifer in Oklahoma, 1998–2022","docAbstract":"<p>This study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Oklahoma Water Resources Board, to update the hydrogeologic framework and conceptual flow model for the panhandle and northwest parts of the High Plains (Ogallala) aquifer in Oklahoma, which together compose the Ogallala aquifer focus area. The study included the construction of a potentiometric surface, and available geologic and hydrologic data were used to evaluate saturated thickness of the aquifer. The water budget for the updated conceptual groundwater-​flow model was based on estimated inflows and outflows for the 1998–2022 study period.</p><p>Saturated thickness of the Ogallala aquifer averaged 127 and 116 feet for the panhandle and northwest parts, respectively. Groundwater withdrawals from the Ogallala aquifer for 1998–2022 averaged 422,054 and 39,645 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr) for the panhandle and northwest parts, respectively. Recharge, the primary inflow, was estimated at 0.63 inch per year for the 1998–2022 study period, with the panhandle part of the Ogallala aquifer receiving 175,068 acre-ft/yr and the northwest part of the Ogallala aquifer receiving 49,376 acre-ft/yr. Additional inflows included irrigation return flows, estimated at 8,111 and 642 acre-ft/yr for the panhandle and northwest parts, respectively, of the Ogallala aquifer. Net lateral groundwater flows, considered to be aquifer outflows, were estimated to account for 31,908 acre-ft/yr for the Ogallala aquifer focus area. Streambed seepage, which was an outflow of 5,535 acre-ft/yr, was only present in the northwest part of the Ogallala aquifer. Vertical leakage and saturated-zone evapotranspiration were considered negligible outflows. These findings provide a revised conceptual groundwater-flow model water budget for the Ogallala aquifer focus area in Oklahoma.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265009","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oklahoma Water Resources Board","usgsCitation":"Morris, A.S., Baciocco, C.A., Dale, I.A., Codner, C., Kirby, E.A., Graves, G.M., Wagner, D.L., Fiorentino, E.G., LePera, A., Sanford, J.E., and Joy, L., 2026, Hydrogeologic framework and conceptual groundwater-flow model of the panhandle and northwest parts of the High Plains (Ogallala) aquifer in Oklahoma, 1998–2022: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5009, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265009.","productDescription":"Report: x, 59 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"74","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-166599","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504273,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119410.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":502757,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5009/sir20265009.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2026-5009 XML"},{"id":502756,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5009/sir20265009.pdf","size":"17.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5009"},{"id":502755,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5009/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":502754,"rank":1,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5009/images"},{"id":502758,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265009/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5009 HTML"},{"id":502759,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13S99PS","text":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"- Soil-Water-Balance model and data used in the hydrogeologic framework and conceptual groundwater-flow model of the panhandle and northwest parts of the High Plains (Ogallala) aquifer in Oklahoma, 1998–2022"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.5,\n              37.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.5,\n              35.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -103,\n              35.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -103,\n              37.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<div>Director, <a id=\"OWA4ce3e3fc-1479-b3b3-fb9c-0abd1d94bec3\" class=\"OWAAutoLink\" href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ot-water\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ot-water\">Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1505 Ferguson Lane<br>Austin, TX 78754–4501</div><div><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div><div><a id=\"LPlnkOWAb30f03cb-e6c0-c412-988f-235c353ce0b0\" class=\"OWAAutoLink\" href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Us- USGS Publications Warehouse</a></div>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Purpose and Scope</li><li><span data-olk-copy-source=\"MessageBody\">Description of the Ogallala Aquifer Focus Area</span></li><li>Hydrogeology of the Ogallala Aquifer Focus Area</li><li>Hydrogeologic Framework of the Ogallala Aquifer Focus Area</li><li>Conceptual Groundwater-Flow Model</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2026-05-11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morris, Amy S. 0000-0002-9847-5607","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-5607","contributorId":352415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"Amy S.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baciocco, Colin A. 0000-0002-9548-9077","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9548-9077","contributorId":352323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baciocco","given":"Colin A.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dale, Isaac A. 0000-0003-0844-0193","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0844-0193","contributorId":352322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dale","given":"Isaac A.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Codner, Chloe 0009-0009-6577-8706","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6577-8706","contributorId":352321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Codner","given":"Chloe","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirby, Ethan A. 0000-0001-7521-5477","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-5477","contributorId":352416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Ethan A.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Graves, Grant M. 0000-0002-4010-3253","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-3253","contributorId":357612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Grant M.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wagner, Derrick L. 0000-0002-9291-7785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9291-7785","contributorId":345145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"Derrick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":18135,"text":"Oklahoma Water Resources Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":959335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eric G. Fiorentino 0009-0002-3312-5005","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3312-5005","contributorId":351558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eric G. Fiorentino","affiliations":[{"id":18135,"text":"Oklahoma Water Resources Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"LePera, Alan 0009-0007-2292-0413","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2292-0413","contributorId":369886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LePera","given":"Alan","affiliations":[{"id":18135,"text":"Oklahoma Water Resources Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":959337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sanford, Jon E.","contributorId":177763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanford","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":18135,"text":"Oklahoma Water Resources Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Joy, Lara","contributorId":369887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joy","given":"Lara","affiliations":[{"id":18135,"text":"Oklahoma Water Resources Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":959339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70275703,"text":"70275703 - 2026 - Patterns of floodplain forest mortality and recruitment along the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers: Associations with forest fragmentation and flood inundation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-13T14:23:56.148281","indexId":"70275703","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-11T09:18:04","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of floodplain forest mortality and recruitment along the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers: Associations with forest fragmentation and flood inundation","docAbstract":"<h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Different rates of floodplain forest recruitment and mortality can reveal important changes in ecosystem processes that drive forest dynamics, resulting in net changes in forest cover, thereby influencing a wide range of river habitat and morphological characteristics.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We evaluated characteristics of forest change areas in the Upper Mississippi River System.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>An overlay technique was used to map patches of forest loss, gain, and persistence between 2010 and 2020 in relation to a series of explanatory variables.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We quantified a net decline in forest cover ranging from 3.2 to 16.8% in the uppermost five study reaches, and a net increase in forest cover ranging from 0.5 to 4.6% in the southernmost three reaches. Patches of forest loss and persistence were similarly tall (&gt; 15&nbsp;m), dense (&gt; 90% cover), silver maple (<i>Acer saccharinum</i>) dominated forests, whereas forest gain patches were short (&lt; 15&nbsp;m), less dense (&lt; 66% cover) and more likely to be dominated by willow (<i>Salix)</i><span>&nbsp;</span>species. Both forest loss and gain patches were smaller than forest persistence patches and were typically found in areas with low neighborhood forest density (&lt; 50% forested 10&nbsp;ha neighborhood). Areas that experienced more than three flood events per growing season, more than 100 consecutive days of inundation during a single flood event, and more than 60 mean total days of inundation per growing season from 2011 to 2020 showed a net loss of forest cover in all study reaches. In contrast, net increases in forest cover were restricted to areas that experienced less than a single flood event per growing season, less than 40 consecutive days of inundation during a single flood event and less than 30 mean total days of inundation per growing season from 2011 to 2020.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Forest mortality along these river reaches is associated with forest fragmentation and an increasingly wetter hydrological regime.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-025-02286-8","usgsCitation":"De Jager, N.R., Rohweder, J.J., Van Appledorn, M., Weiss, S.A., Trumper, M., and Guyon, L.J., 2026, Patterns of floodplain forest mortality and recruitment along the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers: Associations with forest fragmentation and flood inundation: Landscape Ecology, v. 41, 90, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-025-02286-8.","productDescription":"90, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180163","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-025-02286-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504300,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96,\n              46\n            ],\n            [\n              -86,\n              46\n            ],\n            [\n              -86,\n              36.633102878335635\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              36.633102878335635\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              46\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Jager, Nathan R. 0000-0002-6649-4125 ndejager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6649-4125","contributorId":3717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Jager","given":"Nathan","email":"ndejager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rohweder, Jason J. 0000-0001-5131-9773 jrohweder@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5131-9773","contributorId":150539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohweder","given":"Jason","email":"jrohweder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Appledorn, Molly 0000-0002-8029-0014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8029-0014","contributorId":205785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Appledorn","given":"Molly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weiss, Shelby A.","contributorId":368922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiss","given":"Shelby","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":55549,"text":"National Great Rivers Research and Education Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Trumper, Matthew","contributorId":369810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trumper","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":87852,"text":"Former Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Guyon, Lyle J.","contributorId":215690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyon","given":"Lyle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36894,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70275706,"text":"70275706 - 2026 - Life history traits and population dynamics of Freshwater Drum across large river gradients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-13T14:10:53.539574","indexId":"70275706","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-07T09:05:02","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history traits and population dynamics of Freshwater Drum across large river gradients","docAbstract":"<div class=\" sec\"><div class=\"title\">Objective</div><p class=\"chapter-para\">Monitoring and assessment of nongame native fishes is limited, but conservation interest in these species is growing. Freshwater Drum<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i><span>&nbsp;</span>are a wide-ranging species that serve important functional roles and could serve as an indicator for similar but less common species. Our overall objectives were to quantify and compare population dynamic rates and life history of Freshwater Drum among study reaches in the upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers and relate these metrics to hypothesized environmental and anthropogenic factors.</p></div><div class=\" sec\"><div class=\"title\">Methods</div><p class=\"chapter-para\">We integrated recently collected age data with monitoring data to estimate age and size distributions, growth curves, maturation schedules, mortality rates, and young-to-adult ratios of Freshwater Drum in six study reaches spanning 1,500 km of river. Principal component analyses and linear regression were used to relate environmental and anthropogenic gradients (latitude, commercial harvest, hydrologic dynamics, primary productivity) to life history traits and population dynamic rates.</p></div><div class=\" sec\"><div class=\"title\">Results</div><p class=\"chapter-para\">We found latitudinal gradients in life history traits and population dynamic rates whereby Freshwater Drum in upstream, higher-latitude study reaches generally exhibited later maturity, slower growth, smaller maximum size, and lower mortality rates compared with those in lower-latitude study reaches. Further, young-to-adult ratios positively corresponded with chlorophyll-<i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration. No clear relationships were apparent between population dynamic rates and hydrologic variation or commercial harvest.</p></div><div class=\" sec\"><div class=\"title\">Conclusions</div><p class=\"chapter-para\">Latitude is an important structuring component of life history traits and population dynamics of Freshwater Drum in the upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers likely due to both temperature seasonality and disturbance regimes. The presence of demographic structure in a widespread, common species such as Freshwater Drum suggests similar patterns likely exist in other long-lived native fishes.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/tafafs/vnag014","usgsCitation":"Bouska, K.L., Solomon, L.E., Bartels, A., DeLain, S., Gittinger, E.J., Kueter, T., Maxson, K.A., West, J.L., Lamer, J.T., Kim, H.H., and Phelps, Q., 2026, Life history traits and population dynamics of Freshwater Drum across large river gradients: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, https://doi.org/10.1093/tafafs/vnag014.","ipdsId":"IP-181210","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504743,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1WU76A6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Upper Mississippi River System Vital Rate Data - Freshwater Drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) 1992-2020"},{"id":504370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tafafs/vnag014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.57562557367933,\n              46.208816461740895\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76548558479566,\n              46.208816461740895\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.76548558479566,\n              36.633102878335635\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.57562557367933,\n              36.633102878335635\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.57562557367933,\n              46.208816461740895\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouska, Kristen L. 0000-0002-4115-2313 kbouska@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-2313","contributorId":178005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouska","given":"Kristen","email":"kbouska@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solomon, Levi E.","contributorId":194776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solomon","given":"Levi","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":961449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartels, Andrew","contributorId":291761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartels","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16117,"text":"Wisconsin DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeLain, Steven A.","contributorId":340211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeLain","given":"Steven A.","affiliations":[{"id":80175,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MN DNR)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gittinger, Eric J.","contributorId":340213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gittinger","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":80890,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kueter, Travis","contributorId":364978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kueter","given":"Travis","affiliations":[{"id":24495,"text":"Iowa Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Maxson, Kristopher A.","contributorId":336868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maxson","given":"Kristopher","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":80890,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"West, John L.","contributorId":340215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13503,"text":"Illinois Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lamer, James T. 0000-0003-1155-1548","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-1548","contributorId":196307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamer","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":48847,"text":"Illinois River Biological Station, Illinois Natural History Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kim, Hae H.","contributorId":364979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kim","given":"Hae","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":16806,"text":"Missouri State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Phelps, Quinton","contributorId":341448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phelps","given":"Quinton","affiliations":[{"id":16806,"text":"Missouri State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70275797,"text":"70275797 - 2026 - Water scarcity and infrastructure risk of amplified seasonal sediment transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-19T14:28:32.16682","indexId":"70275797","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-06T09:22:56","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5791,"text":"Nature Sustainability","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water scarcity and infrastructure risk of amplified seasonal sediment transport","docAbstract":"<p><span>Climate warming and deglaciation are reshaping hydrological seasonality in cold–dry regions, threatening the long-term sustainability of agriculture, ecosystems and local communities. However, existing evidence is limited to runoff seasonality. Changing sediment-transport seasonality, a more sensitive component, is emerging as a substantial yet under-recognized threat to water infrastructure. Leveraging monthly observations from the upper Tarim River from the 1960s to 2000s, we show that a warmer and wetter climate has intensified sediment-transport seasonality, with a 43% increase in summer sediment fluxes. Over half of this amplification stems from more frequent extreme sediment transport, particularly events triggered by high sediment supply rather than high discharge. Supported by a state-of-the-art river change dataset, we show that enhanced sediment seasonality and extreme sediment transport have largely contributed to increased river mobility since 2000. Sediment-driven changes are pushing riverine processes towards greater unpredictability and pose growing threats to water infrastructure and water security in vulnerable cold–dry regions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41893-026-01829-4","usgsCitation":"Zhang, T., Best, J.L., East, A.E., Rosa, L., Wu, Q., Li, Y., Qi, Y., Li, Y., and Li, D., 2026, Water scarcity and infrastructure risk of amplified seasonal sediment transport: Nature Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-026-01829-4.","ipdsId":"IP-181090","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Ting","contributorId":331672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Ting","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":961783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Best, Jim L.","contributorId":147995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Best","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":961784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"East, Amy E. 0000-0002-9567-9460 aeast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-9460","contributorId":196364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Amy","email":"aeast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosa, Lorenzo","contributorId":209959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosa","given":"Lorenzo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, Qianhan","contributorId":371409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Qianhan","affiliations":[{"id":88135,"text":"School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, The University of Hong Kong","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Li, Yiyi","contributorId":371410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yiyi","affiliations":[{"id":88136,"text":"College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Qi, Yu","contributorId":371412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qi","given":"Yu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":961791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Li, Yunkai","contributorId":371411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yunkai","affiliations":[{"id":88136,"text":"College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Li, Dongfeng","contributorId":297068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Dongfeng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64287,"text":"National University of Singapore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70275210,"text":"fs20263065 - 2026 - An automated geographic information system-based hydraulic modeling tool for developing preliminary culvert designs for stream crossings in Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-01T19:08:48.376321","indexId":"fs20263065","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-01T12:11:01","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-3065","displayTitle":"An Automated Geographic Information System-Based Hydraulic Modeling Tool for Developing Preliminary Culvert Designs for Stream Crossings in Massachusetts","title":"An automated geographic information system-based hydraulic modeling tool for developing preliminary culvert designs for stream crossings in Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>Currently (2026), many of the about 25,000 roadway crossing structures over rivers and streams in Massachusetts are undersized. Undersized culverts and bridges can be detrimental to fish and wildlife movement, habitat continuity, and the health of aquatic organisms. Undersized culverts also can lack the resiliency needed to withstand large floods, which could be worsened by potential increases in flood magnitude and frequency due to climate change. Improving culvert and bridge designs for stream crossing projects may improve aquatic organism passage, stream continuity, and resiliency during future floods by decreasing upstream overbank flooding, road flooding and erosion, and degradation of aquatic habitat.</p><p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP), and University of Massachusetts Amherst began a series of cooperative studies in July 2019 to develop an automated geographic information system (GIS) hydraulic modeling tool for preliminary culvert designs for stream crossings. The USGS plans to provide preliminary culvert designs in the web-based StreamStats application, which enables municipalities and engineers to view potential designs and related information for stream crossing replacement projects in Massachusetts. This application can (a) provide information on hydrology, hydraulics, and ecological conditions at stream crossing sites, (b) provide users with potential culvert designs to improve aquatic organism passage and flood resiliency, and (c) assist MassDEP in implementing the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act regulations for stream crossing projects.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20263065","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Bent, G.C., McCarthy, B.A., Sturtevant, L.P., McCallister, M.A., Tudor, A.L., Armstrong, I.P., Poe, M.W., Graziano, A.P., and Carlson, C.S., 2026, An automated geographic information system-based hydraulic modeling tool for developing preliminary culvert designs for stream crossings in Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2026–3065, 6 p., 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 \"}}]}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_nweng@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_nweng@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/new-england-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/new-england-water\">New England Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>10 Bearfoot Road<br>Northborough, MA 01532</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Massachusetts Stream Crossing Standards</li><li>An Automated GIS-Based Hydraulic Modeling Tool</li><li>USGS StreamStats Web Application</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Selected References</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2026-05-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bent, Gardner C. 0000-0002-5085-3146","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5085-3146","contributorId":205226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bent","given":"Gardner C.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCarthy, Brendan A. 0000-0003-4993-021X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4993-021X","contributorId":221009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sturtevant, Luke P. 0000-0001-8983-8210 lsturtevant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8983-8210","contributorId":4969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturtevant","given":"Luke","email":"lsturtevant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCallister, Meghan A. 0000-0001-8814-7725","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8814-7725","contributorId":358213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCallister","given":"Meghan","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tudor, Amanda L. 0000-0002-5544-574X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-574X","contributorId":335395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tudor","given":"Amanda","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Armstrong, Ian P. 0000-0002-8239-8029","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8239-8029","contributorId":344363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Poe, Mark W. 0000-0002-2632-8552","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2632-8552","contributorId":344539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poe","given":"Mark","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Graziano, Alexander P. 0000-0003-1978-0986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1978-0986","contributorId":211607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graziano","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Carlson, Carl S. 0000-0001-7142-3519 cscarlso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7142-3519","contributorId":1694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Carl","email":"cscarlso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70275370,"text":"70275370 - 2026 - Evaluating approximations of river channel shape using a national cross section database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-01T14:00:47.462328","indexId":"70275370","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-30T08:57:32","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating approximations of river channel shape using a national cross section database","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many hydrologic applications require basic information on the size and shape of river channels, but measuring cross section (XS) geometry in the field or via remote sensing can be costly and often provides only partial coverage. Given these challenges, we capitalized upon an existing data set of 46,971 XS from gaging stations to evaluate various approximations of channel shape. After screening and pre-processing these data, we fit four model types to each XS, including a new approach that involves Stacking PDFs (probability density functions) to Approximate River Channel Shapes (SPARCS). This framework produced depth estimates that closely matched field measurements, with typical cross-sectional area errors &lt;1</span><span>% and a median <i>R</i><sup>2</sup></span><span>&nbsp;of 0.77 for comparison of observed and predicted depths. SPARCS model parameters can be interpreted in terms of channel characteristics: mean depth, asymmetry, bar convexity, and flatness of the bed. The model performed well for the XS included in the database, which was biased toward straight, uniform channels conducive to operational streamflow measurement. Neither model parameters nor accuracy were dependent on discharge. We also assessed the potential of SPARCS to fill in measurement gaps and found that although the model can help, the accuracy of inferred depths decreased as the observable fraction of the channel decreased. An important limitation of SPARCS is that mid-channel bars or multi-threaded morphologies cannot be produced. Graphical tools can help visualize how model parameters affect simulated river forms. SPARCS could facilitate satellite-based discharge estimation by providing prior information on channel shape.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025WR041177","usgsCitation":"Legleiter, C.J., and Kinzel, P.J., 2026, Evaluating approximations of river channel shape using a national cross section database: Water Resources Research, v. 62, no. 5, e2025WR041177, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR041177.","productDescription":"e2025WR041177, 35 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179311","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr041177","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":503881,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kinzel, Paul J. 0000-0002-6076-9730 pjkinzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-9730","contributorId":743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzel","given":"Paul","email":"pjkinzel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70275267,"text":"sir20265132 - 2026 - Hydrologic investigation of water level fluctuations at Moreau Lake, Moreau Lake State Park, town of Moreau, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-01T16:44:17.159946","indexId":"sir20265132","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-29T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5132","displayTitle":"Hydrologic Investigation of Water Level Fluctuations at Moreau Lake, Moreau Lake State Park, Town of Moreau, New York","title":"Hydrologic investigation of water level fluctuations at Moreau Lake, Moreau Lake State Park, town of Moreau, New York","docAbstract":"<p>The causes of water level fluctuations at Moreau Lake, within Moreau Lake State Park in the town of Moreau, New York, were investigated from 2016 to 2021 after lake water levels dropped between 2015 and 2016, raising concerns about the loss of a shallow swimming area at the park beach. Annual variation in precipitation records from the area did not account for the lake water level decline. Two possible causes for the low lake water levels were investigated: the increase in groundwater withdrawals from new residential development since about 2000 and seasonal changes (nongrowing and growing seasons) in precipitation.</p><p>Investigation of the potential effects of nearby groundwater withdrawals required the compilation and collection of well-log data, seismic surveys, and measurements of lake and groundwater levels, field chemical parameters, and water isotopes to define the hydrogeologic system and to estimate water use. The net result of this work was the determination that Moreau Lake is a “flow though” lake with no surface water outlet; groundwater enters the lake on the upgradient side and exits through the downgradient side, however, groundwater does not flow southward from the lake toward nearby groundwater withdrawals from the semiconfined aquifer, and thus groundwater withdrawals were unlikely to have an effect on lake water levels.</p><p>Investigation of the historic precipitation records during nongrowing (November through April) and growing (May through October) indicated that (1) nongrowing season precipitation from 2011–12 to 2015–16 was more deficient than any similar period during the past 78 years and (2) since about 2000, nongrowing seasons have been drier overall and growing seasons have been considerably wetter. Initiation of lake water level monitoring in 2016 provided an opportunity to compare seasonal precipitation with seasonal lake water level changes. Nongrowing season lake water levels are very sensitive to precipitation, such that high precipitation (40 percent above the seasonal median) resulted in a 5-foot rise in lake water level. In contrast, the growing season lake water levels are sensitive to dry conditions; for example, deficient rainfall (about 6 percent below the seasonal median) resulted in a decline of lake water levels of about 3.5 feet. However, lake water levels are insensitive to high growing season rainfall inputs (about 10 to 47 percent above the seasonal median); lake water levels consistently declined about by 0.8 feet above this range of seasonal excessive precipitation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265132","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with New York State Department of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation","usgsCitation":"Heisig, P.M., 2026, Hydrologic investigation of water level fluctuations at Moreau Lake, Moreau Lake State Park, town of Moreau, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5132, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265132.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 55 p., 3 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"55","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-148237","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503535,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5132/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":503899,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119387.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":503541,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R49VRO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) soundings and depth-to-bedrock data for the Moreau Lake area, town of Moreau, N.Y."},{"id":503540,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K0LSHJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hydrologic data from the Moreau Lake area, town of Moreau, N.Y."},{"id":503539,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JPZ1R5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data from the Moreau Lake area, town of Moreau, N.Y."},{"id":503538,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5132/images"},{"id":503537,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5132/sir20265132.XML","description":"SIR 2026-5132 XML"},{"id":503536,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265132/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5132 HTML"},{"id":503534,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5132/sir20265132.pdf","text":"Report","size":"36.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5132 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Moreau Lake, Moreau Lake State Park, Town of Moreau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.7367112856191,\n              43.25254327180468\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.67250609715373,\n              43.25254327180468\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.67250609715373,\n              43.20548515764352\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.7367112856191,\n              43.20548515764352\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.7367112856191,\n              43.25254327180468\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_ny@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_ny@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ny-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ny-water\"> New York Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Road<br>Troy, NY 12180</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Question 1—Do Increased Groundwater Withdrawals Since 2000 Contribute to Observed Lake Water Level Fluctuations?</li><li>Question 2—Do Seasonal Variations in Precipitation Account for Observed Lake-Level Fluctuations?</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2026-04-29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heisig, Paul M. 0000-0003-0338-4970","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-4970","contributorId":206427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisig","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70275078,"text":"sir20265129 - 2026 - Shallow hydrogeologic framework of the Tully Valley mudboil area, Onondaga County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-01T16:42:15.609499","indexId":"sir20265129","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-29T09:32:47","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5129","displayTitle":"Shallow Hydrogeologic Framework of the Tully Valley Mudboil Area, Onondaga County, New York","title":"Shallow hydrogeologic framework of the Tully Valley mudboil area, Onondaga County, New York","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mudboils have been documented in the Tully Valley in southern Onondaga County, New York, since the late 1890s. Sediment-laden water from the mudboils flows into Onondaga Creek, which empties into Onondaga Lake at Syracuse 15 miles to the north. Turbidity from the mudboils has degraded the water quality of Onondaga Creek despite a series of mitigation efforts that began in the early 1990s. Turbidity mitigation actions presently (2025) being considered include creek relocation and offline sediment settling. In support of these proposed actions during 2021–23, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Onondaga Nation, Onondaga Environmental Institute, and Central New York Regional Planning and Development Board, collected and analyzed geologic, hydrologic, geophysical, and geotechnical data to characterize the shallow hydrogeology along four proposed creek-relocation paths and in the proposed offline settling basin area.</span></p><p>The investigation indicated that the four proposed creek-relocation paths, two east of Onondaga Creek and two west of Onondaga Creek, are underlain by sediments including muck, alluvium, mudboil deposits, alluvial-fan sand and gravel, and lacustrine fines. The proposed excavations would penetrate partially to fully saturated conditions: generally, the water table is shallow near the creek and deep on the alluvial fans. The shallowest excavation, about 5 feet below land surface, would be near the creek and primarily in alluvium, and the deepest excavation, as much as 30 feet below land surface, would be in the alluvial-fan deposits. Brackish waters would be penetrated by proposed channel excavations on the eastern side of Onondaga Creek in an area downgradient from a potentially leaking historical salt-exploration borehole and near the main mudboil area. Excavation in these areas likely would provide a continuous source of brackish groundwater to the relocated creek. Proposed channel excavations of muck, soft to very soft lacustrine fines, and mudboil-type sediments in mudboil and suspected mudboil areas would pose an excavation and slope stability challenge and would have the greatest potential to create new mudboils. Proposed channel excavations below the water table on the Rattlesnake Gulf and Rainbow Creek alluvial fans would intercept groundwater and make the constructed streambank susceptible to seepage-induced slope instability. The substantial water-level fluctuation in the sediments of both alluvial fans would aggravate the stability condition. In addition, excavation on the Rattlesnake Gulf alluvial fan would have the potential to affect water-supply springs at the toe of the fan.</p><p>The proposed offline settling basin area is in the northern part of the Rattlesnake Gulf alluvial fan. Natural and man-made diversions of Rattlesnake Gulf have resulted in saturated conditions in the general area of the proposed basin. The proposed offline settling basin would be excavated in, and berms would be constructed on, alluvial-fan deposits and lacustrine fines. In the proposed basin area, the alluvial deposits overlying the lacustrine fines are less than 10 feet thick. Excavation, berm construction, and loading of the saturated, soft to very soft lacustrine fines may be problematic and require soil strengthening.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265129","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Onondaga Nation, Onondaga Environmental Institute, and Central New York Regional Planning and Development Board","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.H., Terry, N.C., Kappel, W.M., Heisig, P.M., Glas, R.L., and Woda, J.C., 2026, Shallow hydrogeologic framework of the Tully Valley mudboil area, Onondaga County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5129, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265129.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 58 p.; Data 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XML"},{"id":502790,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265129/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5129 HTML"},{"id":502789,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5129/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":502786,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5129/sir20265129.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5129 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Onondaga County","otherGeospatial":"Tully Valley Mudboil Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.30484467796983,\n              43.13842576064047\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.30484467796983,\n              42.78187367077939\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.00789969132674,\n              42.78187367077939\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.00789969132674,\n              43.13842576064047\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.30484467796983,\n              43.13842576064047\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_ny@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_ny@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ny-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/ny-water\">New York Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>425 Jordan Road<br>Troy, NY 12180–8349</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Geologic Setting</li><li>Mudboils</li><li>Previous Investigations of the Mudboil Area</li><li>Data Sources and Methods</li><li>Surficial Geology</li><li>Precipitation</li><li>Groundwater Levels and Specific Conductance</li><li>Shallow Hydrogeologic Framework of Proposed Creek Relocation Paths and Offline Basin Settling Area</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2026-04-29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Terry, Neil C. 0000-0002-3965-340X nterry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3965-340X","contributorId":192554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terry","given":"Neil","email":"nterry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heisig, Paul M. 0000-0003-0338-4970","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0338-4970","contributorId":206427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisig","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glas, Robin L. 0000-0002-7394-1667","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7394-1667","contributorId":300625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glas","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Woda, Joshua C. 0000-0002-2932-8013","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2932-8013","contributorId":290172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woda","given":"Joshua","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70275353,"text":"70275353 - 2026 - Springtime formation of laminated soil carbonate rinds and changes in fluvial terrace soils on orbital timescales at Rio Mesa, Utah, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-01T13:21:06.95607","indexId":"70275353","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-29T09:31:01","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Springtime formation of laminated soil carbonate rinds and changes in fluvial terrace soils on orbital timescales at Rio Mesa, Utah, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Laminated soil carbonate rinds are a Quaternary paleoclimate archive whose isotope composition is linked to soil formation conditions. At Rio Mesa, Utah (USA), we investigated the fidelity of rind records in a river terrace setting by determining the seasonal timing of rind formation and testing for inter-record replication. We infer soil carbonate formed in the spring season, contrasting with our prior inference of summer formation at Teasdale, Utah, ≈200&nbsp;km distant. This apparent discrepancy occurs because of differences in the timing of the largest annual infiltration (spring vs. summer). At Rio Mesa, modern soil data show that soil carbonate δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C would have high values (−2 to 2‰ VPDB) regardless of seasonal activity of C</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;versus C</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;plants because respiration rate is a strong control. We accordingly suggest reassessment of published records interpreting soil carbonate δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C only via C</span><sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;versus C</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;plant abundance. Three rind δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C and δ</span><sup>18</sup><span>O records generally replicated. Intriguingly, rind δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C may inversely correlate with summer insolation, evidence for global-scale influence on soils. Rind δ</span><sup>18</sup><span>O is not as clearly correlated with published western USA paleoclimate records, potentially due to regional differences in climate and because rinds record soil-specific processes. Our results support the fidelity of the soil carbonate rind paleoarchive and suggest that because rind formation seasonality is intimately tied to infiltration seasonality, spatial transects of rind records might be used to delineate boundaries between areas dominated by spring and summer infiltration, permitting reconstruction of the geographic extent of large-scale hydrologic phenomena such as the North American Monsoon.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GC012660","usgsCitation":"Huth, T.E., Cerling, T.E., Marchetti, D.W., Ellwein, A.L., Mahan, S.A., Bowling, D.R., Passey, B.H., Polyak, V.J., and Asmerom, Y., 2026, Springtime formation of laminated soil carbonate rinds and changes in fluvial terrace soils on orbital timescales at Rio Mesa, Utah, USA: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 27, no. 5, e2025GC012660, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GC012660.","productDescription":"e2025GC012660, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179258","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504152,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gc012660","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504055,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13EMTYG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Luminescence data for: Springtime Formation of Laminated Soil Carbonate Rinds and Changes in Fluvial Terrace Soils on Orbital Timescales at Rio Mesa, Utah, USA"},{"id":503670,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Rio Mesa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.19947650382221,\n              38.81144940086827\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.15369813510924,\n              38.81144940086827\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.15369813510924,\n              38.77688465318985\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.19947650382221,\n              38.77688465318985\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.19947650382221,\n              38.81144940086827\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huth, Tyler E. 0000-0002-3436-7009","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-7009","contributorId":370676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huth","given":"Tyler","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37383,"text":"Washington University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cerling, Thure E.","contributorId":370677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cerling","given":"Thure","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marchetti, David W.","contributorId":370678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marchetti","given":"David","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6693,"text":"Western State Colorado University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellwein, Amy L. 0000-0003-3591-6601","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-6601","contributorId":370679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellwein","given":"Amy","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":49195,"text":"Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowling, David R.","contributorId":370684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowling","given":"David","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Passey, Benjamin H.","contributorId":370685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Passey","given":"Benjamin","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37387,"text":"University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Polyak, Victor J.","contributorId":370686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Polyak","given":"Victor","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36307,"text":"University of New Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Asmerom, Yemane","contributorId":295388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Asmerom","given":"Yemane","affiliations":[{"id":16658,"text":"UNM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70275190,"text":"sir20255047 - 2026 - Peak-, mean-, and low-streamflow regional-regression equations for natural streamflow in central and western Colorado, 2019","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-18T16:07:47.996983","indexId":"sir20255047","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-24T13:10:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5047","displayTitle":"Peak-, Mean-, and Low-Streamflow Regional-Regression Equations for Natural Streamflow in Central and Western Colorado, 2019","title":"Peak-, mean-, and low-streamflow regional-regression equations for natural streamflow in central and western Colorado, 2019","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Transportation, developed peak-, mean-, and low-streamflow regional-regression equations for estimating various statistics for natural streamflow in hydrologic regions of central and western Colorado. The peak-streamflow regression equations were developed using data from 418 streamgages, consisting of 15,202 years of record and a mean of approximately 36 years of record per streamgage. The mean- and low-streamflow regional-regression equations were developed using data from 323 streamgages where daily streamflow data were collected year-round. The annual exceedance-probability discharges for each streamgage were computed using the USGS software program PeakFQ. Mean monthly and 7-day minimum and maximum streamflows were computed using the USGS software program SWToolbox. Streamflow-duration values were computed using an R script. The regional-regression equations were determined using data for the period of record for a given streamgage through water year 2019. Geographic information systems datasets were used to develop 55 basin and 42 climatic characteristics, which were evaluated as candidate explanatory variables in the regression analysis.</p><p>For the peak-streamflow regional-regression equations, the study area was divided into four hydrologic regions based on mean basin elevation, including the Plateau (less than 8,014 feet), Mid-Elevation (8,015 feet to 9,492 feet), Sub-Alpine (9,493 feet to 10,490 feet), and Alpine (greater than 10,490 feet) regions. For the peak-streamflow equations, the selection of basin and climatic characteristics was based on the 1-percent annual exceedance-probability discharge for each hydrologic region.</p><p>For the mean streamflow, streamflow-duration values, and 7-day minimum and maximum streamflows, the study area was divided into four hydrologic regions based on river basin, including the (1) Colorado-East Slope Headwaters, (2) Green River, (3) Rio Grande, and (4) San Juan-Dolores. For mean streamflows, basin and climatic characteristics were evaluated separately for the annual period and each month for each hydrologic region. Regional regression equations published in this report are available for use in the USGS web-based program StreamStats.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Kohn, M.S., Mast, M.A., and Gross, T.A., 2026, Peak-, mean-, and low-streamflow regional-regression equations for natural streamflow in central and western Colorado, 2019: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5047, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255047.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 38 p.; 2 Tables; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-140049","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503285,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5047/sir20255047.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5047"},{"id":504484,"rank":9,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255047/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5047"},{"id":504422,"rank":8,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5047/sir20255047.xml"},{"id":504421,"rank":7,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5047/images"},{"id":503897,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119385.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":503290,"rank":5,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5047/sir20255047_table1.2.csv","text":"Table 1.2","size":"16.0 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"SIR 2025-5047 Table 2","linkHelpText":"Basin and climate characteristics evaluated for use in the peak-, mean-, and low-streamflow regional-regression equations in central and western Colorado, 2019"},{"id":503284,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5047/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":503289,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5047/sir20255047_table1.1.csv","text":"Table 1.1","size":"72.0 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"SIR 2025-5047 Table 1","linkHelpText":"Summary of the streamgages used in the regression analysis of natural streams in central and western Colorado, 2019"},{"id":503286,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Q5AMFV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Streamflow data and basin characteristics of natural streams in central and western Colorado, 2019"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"central and western Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.5157587,\n              37.0336449\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.2371905,\n              37.7437419\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.4345097,\n              38.3014981\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.9220039,\n              39.2695668\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5737937,\n              39.5207192\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.8523603,\n              41.026094\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0540968,\n              40.9910589\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0557679,\n              37.0087015\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5157587,\n              37.0336449\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/co-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/co-water\">Colorado Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>Box 25046, Mail Stop 415<br>Denver, CO 80225</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods for Data Development for Streamgages</li><li>StreamStats</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1. Streamgage, Basin, and Climatic Characteristics Summary</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2026-04-24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohn, Michael S. 0000-0002-5989-7700 mkohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-7700","contributorId":4549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohn","given":"Michael","email":"mkohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":370176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":87979,"text":"retired USGS Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gross, Tara A. 0000-0003-0161-3434","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0161-3434","contributorId":213236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Tara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70275332,"text":"70275332 - 2026 - Spatially consistent but temporally divergent changes in nitrate and phosphorus loads and yields in Illinois watersheds, 1997–2022","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70262007,"text":"70262007 - 2025 - Diverging trends in nitrate and phosphorus loads and yields across Illinois watersheds, 1997–2022","indexId":"70262007","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"title":"Diverging trends in nitrate and phosphorus loads and yields across Illinois watersheds, 1997–2022"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70275332,"text":"70275332 - 2026 - Spatially consistent but temporally divergent changes in nitrate and phosphorus loads and yields in Illinois watersheds, 1997–2022","indexId":"70275332","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"title":"Spatially consistent but temporally divergent changes in nitrate and phosphorus loads and yields in Illinois watersheds, 1997–2022"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-29T15:01:54.607734","indexId":"70275332","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-22T09:57:56","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6465,"text":"Journal of American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatially consistent but temporally divergent changes in nitrate and phosphorus loads and yields in Illinois watersheds, 1997–2022","docAbstract":"<p><span>Illinois contributes substantial nutrient loads to the Gulf of America, warranting watershed-scale assessment. This study estimated nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N) and total phosphorus (TP) loads and yields for 49 Illinois 8-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC8) watersheds draining to the Mississippi River Basin from 1997–2022, comparing recent (2018–2022) to baseline (1997–2011) conditions. Estimates included point and nonpoint source contributions, dissolved phosphorus, and water yields. During the recent period, nonpoint sources dominated nutrient export (82% nitrate-N, 78% TP), though point sources drove high yields in the Chicago area. Spatially, nonpoint source nutrient hotspots persisted with nitrate-N yields highest in east-central and northern Illinois and TP yields higher in southern and western Illinois. Temporally, statewide nitrate-N loads decreased 9%, while TP loads increased 27%. Nitrate-N yields increased in 22 HUC8s and decreased in 20, while TP yields increased in 32 HUC8s and decreased in 9. For both nutrients, baseline yields were negatively correlated with yield changes, indicating high-yielding watersheds tended toward larger decreases or smaller increases. Water yields increased 19% on average but were weakly correlated with nutrient yield changes (</span><i>r</i><span> = 0.23 and 0.20 for nitrate-N and TP). These results reveal spatially persistent yet temporally divergent nutrient export across Illinois, with contrasting nitrate-N and TP trajectories for nonpoint sources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Journal of American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70114","usgsCitation":"Kamrath, B.J., Murphy, J.C., Schafer, L.A., Podzorski, H.L., and McIsaac, G.F., 2026, Spatially consistent but temporally divergent changes in nitrate and phosphorus loads and yields in Illinois watersheds, 1997–2022: Journal of American Water Resources Association, v. 62, no. 2, e70114, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70114.","productDescription":"e70114, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172205","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70114","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":503624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70275228,"text":"70275228 - 2026 - Spatial heterogeneity of salt marsh vulnerability to sea-level rise: Dual controls of hydrological setting and salinity regime","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-23T14:59:21.164096","indexId":"70275228","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-22T09:50:01","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial heterogeneity of salt marsh vulnerability to sea-level rise: Dual controls of hydrological setting and salinity regime","docAbstract":"<p><span>Salt marsh vulnerability to sea-level rise (SLR) is typically assessed using point measurements of vertical accretion, neglecting three-dimensionality of geomorphic evolution and spatial variability. Recent studies suggest links between vertical and horizontal vulnerability, with differences between oligohaline and polyhaline marshes, yet these relationships remain untested in estuary-marsh systems. Here we combine geospatial analysis with hydrodynamic modeling to evaluate how unvegetated/vegetated marsh ratio (UVVR), a metric of marsh degradation, relates to elevation across hydrological regions and salinity regimes in the Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System, the largest lagoonal estuary in U.S. We show that at given normalized elevation, UVVR decreases across hydrological regions and salinity regimes from offshore to inland. UVVR-elevation relationship varies systematically with both hydrological setting and salinity regime, with hydrology exerting stronger influence. These findings challenge the assumption of a universal marsh deterioration trajectory and underscore the need to account for spatial heterogeneity when predicting responses to SLR.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GL119461","usgsCitation":"Yin, D., Defne, Z., Ganju, N., Warner, J., Ralston, D.K., Harris, C.K., and Li, B., 2026, Spatial heterogeneity of salt marsh vulnerability to sea-level rise: Dual controls of hydrological setting and salinity regime: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 53, no. 8, e2025GL119461, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL119461.","productDescription":"e2025GL119461, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-183090","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl119461","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":503344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Albemarle‐Pamlico Estuarine System","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.5,\n              36.692983362167894\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.19410206255961,\n              36.692983362167894\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.19410206255961,\n              34.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5,\n              34.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5,\n              36.692983362167894\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yin, Dongxiao","contributorId":294535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yin","given":"Dongxiao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Defne, Zafer 0000-0003-4544-4310 zdefne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-4310","contributorId":5520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defne","given":"Zafer","email":"zdefne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":202878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ralston, David K.","contributorId":370316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralston","given":"David","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36711,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harris, Courtney K.","contributorId":370317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Courtney","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Li, Bin","contributorId":47684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":960179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70276244,"text":"70276244 - 2026 - Modeling future groundwater depletion to evaluate sustainability goals set under the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act in the critically overdrafted basins of the Central Valley, California, USA (2020–2070)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-20T14:13:52.678977","indexId":"70276244","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-21T08:56:17","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling future groundwater depletion to evaluate sustainability goals set under the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act in the critically overdrafted basins of the Central Valley, California, USA (2020–2070)","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 2014, California's Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA) mandated local agencies to devise and implement groundwater sustainability plans to address critically overdrafted conditions throughout the state's aquifers. However, the feasibility of these agencies' sustainability goals has not previously been assessed through a regional-scale, integrative lens. Here, we develop and analyze a novel, basin-wide database of 936 sustainability indicator wells located within Central Valley subbasins designated as critically overdrafted, most of which lie in the San Joaquin Valley. Our database shows 2040 groundwater elevation goals vary widely from 60&nbsp;m above to 80&nbsp;m below 2020 levels, with variability within and between adjacent subbasins. To evaluate the feasibility of achieving these goals, we coupled the database with a regional hydrologic model (Central Valley Hydrologic Model version 2) and simulated multiple future pumping scenarios. Results show that under increased groundwater demand, 60%–70% of indicator wells may fail to meet their 2040 goals. Even a 50% reduction from 2020 demand levels leaves nearly 40% of wells failing to meet their sustainability thresholds by 2040. Baseline models show that by 2070, up to 70% of wells could fail to meet their goals due to large-scale, spatially connected regions of groundwater depletion. This integrated framework, linking the first region-wide compilation of SGMA indicator wells with a regional groundwater model, demonstrates that many local sustainability goals may be unattainable with substantial (up to 50%) reductions in pumping. Additional management interventions, such as expanded recharge or coordinated demand reductions, may help achieve sustainability goals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025WR040639","usgsCitation":"Platt, L., Weingarten, M., Faunt, C., Traum, J.A., and Boyce, S., 2026, Modeling future groundwater depletion to evaluate sustainability goals set under the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act in the critically overdrafted basins of the Central Valley, California, USA (2020–2070): Water Resources Research, v. 62, no. 4, e2025WR040639, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR040639.","productDescription":"e2025WR040639, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177585","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr040639","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.4080957,\n              34.9782649\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.4924999,\n              36.0958145\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.8550448,\n              40.6736669\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.9860749,\n              40.4691133\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.8550448,\n              38.0720337\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.7007016,\n              35.484185\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.4080957,\n              34.9782649\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Platt, Logan 0009-0009-3390-8043","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3390-8043","contributorId":371426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platt","given":"Logan","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weingarten, Mathew 0000-0002-1289-5935","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1289-5935","contributorId":371427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weingarten","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":150147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Traum, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-4787-3680 jtraum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-3680","contributorId":4780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jtraum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyce, Scott 0000-0003-0626-9492 seboyce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-9492","contributorId":4766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Scott","email":"seboyce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70275320,"text":"70275320 - 2026 - A novel drive-point multilevel system to investigate PFAS and other contaminants of global concern in the hyporheic zone of a wastewater effluent dominated stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-29T14:14:57.192235","indexId":"70275320","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-20T09:06:09","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A novel drive-point multilevel system to investigate PFAS and other contaminants of global concern in the hyporheic zone of a wastewater effluent dominated stream","docAbstract":"<p><span>Contaminants found in treated wastewater discharged to streams, including pharmaceuticals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), are of global concern due to their deleterious effects on aquatic ecosystems and potential impacts to human health. Hyporheic zones have strong potential for contaminant attenuation. Assessing this potential requires collection of physical and biogeochemical data within the hyporheic zone. This study tested the applicability of a novel drive-point multilevel system (DP-MLS) for quantifying head profiles and characterizing contaminant concentrations in the hyporheic zone of a temperate region effluent dominated stream (EDS). DP-MLS, each with 4 ports, were installed in the stream bed at two sites, DS-1 and DS-2, 0.2 and 4.7 km downstream of the effluent outfall, respectively. Head profiles were measured and groundwater collected for analysis of pharmaceuticals and PFAS temporally over two years. The DP-MLS withstood rapid changes in stage, ice formation, and floating debris. Vertical hydraulic gradients (VHG) were generally upward but varied in magnitude indicating heterogeneity in hydraulic conductivity and variability in flow conditions. Upward VHG were also about 2X larger at DS-1 than at DS-2. Contaminant concentration profiles consistently showed penetration of pharmaceuticals and PFAS to 1 m below the bed at DS-2 while there was less penetration, lower groundwater concentrations, and more temporal variability in concentrations at DS-1. Integration of the physical and chemical data suggests weaker upwelling conditions at DS-2 are more easily reversed during periods of high stream stage, which could facilitate migration of wastewater contaminants into the bed. However, further studies incorporating other transport processes and reach scale dynamics are required to fully characterize these exchanges. Overall, this study demonstrates the efficacy of these novel DP-MLSs for characterization of the hyporheic zone and provides new insights into the occurrence, composition, and persistence of wastewater derived contaminants in the hyporheic zone of a well-studied EDS.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70517","usgsCitation":"Meyer, J.R., Mianecki, A.L., Occhi, E., Kolpin, D., and LeFevre, G.H., 2026, A novel drive-point multilevel system to investigate PFAS and other contaminants of global concern in the hyporheic zone of a wastewater effluent dominated stream: Hydrological Processes, v. 40, no. 4, e70517, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70517.","productDescription":"e70517, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182710","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503777,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70517","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":503619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United states","state":"Iowa","county":"Johnson County","otherGeospatial":"Muddy Creek","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.3677,41.8603],[-91.3673,41.7745],[-91.3675,41.6855],[-91.3671,41.5987],[-91.3679,41.5107],[-91.3687,41.4235],[-91.4839,41.4222],[-91.4843,41.4286],[-91.492,41.4405],[-91.5033,41.4493],[-91.5026,41.452],[-91.4989,41.4538],[-91.4988,41.4592],[-91.5145,41.4676],[-91.5156,41.4704],[-91.5136,41.4767],[-91.5038,41.4779],[-91.5029,41.4874],[-91.5039,41.4933],[-91.5076,41.4939],[-91.5107,41.4944],[-91.5112,41.4971],[-91.508,41.5016],[-91.5098,41.5034],[-91.5117,41.5016],[-91.5148,41.4985],[-91.5197,41.4981],[-91.5196,41.5027],[-91.5281,41.5078],[-91.528,41.511],[-91.5991,41.5107],[-91.7138,41.511],[-91.8291,41.5116],[-91.827,41.6001],[-91.8337,41.6006],[-91.8335,41.6865],[-91.8327,41.775],[-91.8318,41.8617],[-91.716,41.862],[-91.5989,41.8612],[-91.4836,41.8608],[-91.3677,41.8603]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Johnson\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","volume":"40","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meyer, J. R.","contributorId":370596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyer","given":"J.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mianecki, A. L.","contributorId":370597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mianecki","given":"A.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Occhi, E.","contributorId":370598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Occhi","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":205652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":960563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LeFevre, G. H.","contributorId":370599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LeFevre","given":"G.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70275103,"text":"sir20265003 - 2026 - Historical ice jams and associated environmental conditions on Osoyoos Lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-20T17:42:39.793478","indexId":"sir20265003","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-16T12:50:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5003","displayTitle":"Historical Ice Jams and Associated Environmental Conditions on Osoyoos Lake","title":"Historical ice jams and associated environmental conditions on Osoyoos Lake","docAbstract":"<p>Ice jams occur regularly at the southern outlet of Osoyoos Lake, which spans the border between the State of Washington and British Columbia, Canada. In recent winters, ice jams caused (1) decreases in downstream discharge that may adversely affect salmon spawning habitat and (2) short-duration lake-level rise that can interfere with lake level management agreements. In response, water managers sought to understand the environmental conditions associated with the historical ice-jam occurrences on Osoyoos Lake. Researchers compiled datasets of discharge, lake level, and air temperature from four meteorological and three hydrologic stations near Oroville, Washington, to determine “ice-jam” or “non-ice-jam” days from 1942 to 2024.</p><p>After confirming known ice jams since 1994 using Landsat 8–9 and Sentinel–2 satellite imagery along with discharge, lake level, and air temperature data, researchers designated ice-jam days. They conducted statistical analyses to examine environmental conditions associated with ice-jam occurrences on Osoyoos Lake. Statistical tests indicated significant differences in wind speed, wind direction, and air temperature between ice-jam and non-ice-jam days. A linear discriminant-analysis model correctly predicted 12 of 13 historical ice-jam days since 1994 and determined that ice jams are more likely under westerly and northwesterly winds near or above 10 kilometers per hour (km/h) and minimum temperatures near or below –9.4 degrees Celsius (°C). An analysis of historical discharge suggests that ice jams have occurred since at least the 1940s, but 13 ice jam days occurred in the past decade (2014–2024), exceeding any previous decade. The daily minimum air temperature in the Osoyoos Lake region has increased at a rate of 0.021 °C per year since the 1940s, but ice jams usually occur in winters with colder average temperatures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265003","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the International Osoyoos Lake Board of Control","programNote":"Water Availability and Use Science Program","usgsCitation":"Sutfin, N.A., and Breen, S.J., 2026, Historical ice jams and associated environmental conditions on Osoyoos Lake: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5003, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265003.","productDescription":"vii, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-171288","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503254,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119368.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":502874,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5003/sir20265003.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2026-5003 XML"},{"id":502873,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265003/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5003 HTML"},{"id":502872,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5003/sir20265003.pdf","size":"49.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5003 PDF"},{"id":502871,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5003/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":502875,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5003/images/"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Osoyoos Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.67443538186532,\n              49.11443094771283\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.3142803507082,\n              49.11443094771283\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.3142803507082,\n              48.87431047779373\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.67443538186532,\n              48.87431047779373\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.67443538186532,\n              49.11443094771283\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/washington-water-science-center\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/washington-water-science-center\">Washington Water Science Center</a><br>934 Broadway<br>Suite 300<br>Tacoma, WA 98402</p><p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Geographic Setting</li><li>Methods</li><li>Results</li><li>Discussion</li><li>Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1. Data Source Information</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"publishedDate":"2026-04-16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"plainLanguageSummary":"<p>Ice jams are accumulations of ice that partially block water from flowing downstream in rivers and lakes. Ice jams form at the shallow outlet of Osoyoos Lake, which drains into the Okanogan River at the border of the United States and Canada. These ice jams can temporarily reduce river flow downstream, which can harm salmon habitat and cause short lived increases in lake levels that complicate international agreements for managing water levels.</p><p>To better understand when and why these ice jams form, researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey examined historical records of river flow, lake level, and air temperature data from stations near Oroville, Washington (located just south of the lake outlet), for the years 1942–2024. Researchers used satellite images and environmental data during 1994–2024 to confirm known ice jams and then identified “ice jam days” for that period.</p><p>The team compared weather conditions on ice jam days and non-ice-jam days. They found that ice jams are more likely to form when winds blow from the west or northwest at speeds of about 10 kilometers per hour or more, and when minimum temperatures drop to –9.4 degrees Celsius or lower. A statistical model based on air temperature, wind speed, and wind direction correctly identified nearly all known ice jam days since 1994. While the statistical model identified some days without ice jams as ice-jam days, no ice-jam days occurred outside of the range of wind and temperature conditions identified.</p><p>Although ice jams have occurred since at least the 1940s, they have become more frequent in recent years: 13 ice jam days occurred during 2014–2024, more than in any previous decade. Even though winter temperatures in the Osoyoos Lake region have risen slightly over time, ice jams tend to occur during colder than average winters.</p><p>Understanding the conditions that lead to ice jams can help decision-makers better anticipate when ice jams may occur and plan for their potential effects on salmon habitat and lake level management.</p>","publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutfin, Nicholas A. 0000-0003-4429-7814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4429-7814","contributorId":357883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutfin","given":"Nicholas","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breen, Stephen J. 0000-0002-2630-6206","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2630-6206","contributorId":369971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breen","given":"Stephen","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70275748,"text":"70275748 - 2026 - Logical data model for hydrographic data based on HY_Features concepts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-18T14:33:53.753123","indexId":"70275748","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-16T09:24:17","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":24339,"text":"OCG Public Engineering Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"25-045","title":"Logical data model for hydrographic data based on HY_Features concepts","docAbstract":"<p>This report describes background and design of the “hydrofabric data model” which defines logic for implementation of data schemas and software that deals with hydrologic geospatial data. As a “logical” data model, the hydrofabric data model specifies details necessary to support compatibility of data and software that satisfy diverse needs without unnecessarily restricting implementation details. The logic presented in this report is based on concepts defined in WaterML2 Part 3 Surface Hydrology Features Concepts and is designed to serve the needs of a range of hydroscience use cases. </p><p>Development of international community standards applicable to hydrofabrics began, prompted by the World Meteorological Organization Commission for Hydrology, in 2012 [5] . More than 10 years later, this report documents one aspect of a long-term research and development activity that traces its roots back that far. </p><p>This report describes terminology, use cases, and background as context preceding presentation of the logical model and discussion of its design. Three appendices document related data models, an example encoding of the hydrofabric data model, and an artificial schematic and tabular data example. The sections of the report can be accessed in the Clause 5 section.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Open Geospatial Consortium","usgsCitation":"2026, Logical data model for hydrographic data based on HY_Features concepts: OCG Public Engineering Report 25-045, v, 76 p.","productDescription":"v, 76 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172082","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":504462,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"http://www.opengis.net/doc/PER/hydrofabric"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Blodgett, David L. 0000-0001-9489-1710 dblodgett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-1710","contributorId":3868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"David","email":"dblodgett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961717,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70275100,"text":"sir20265140 - 2026 - Analyses of meteorological and hydrological records support Tribal members’ accounts of changing climate on the Fort Apache Reservation, east–central Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-20T17:40:45.285521","indexId":"sir20265140","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-15T15:25:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5140","displayTitle":"Analyses of Meteorological and Hydrological Records Support Tribal Members’ Accounts of Changing Climate on the Fort Apache Reservation, East–Central Arizona","title":"Analyses of meteorological and hydrological records support Tribal members’ accounts of changing climate on the Fort Apache Reservation, east–central Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The Fort Apache Reservation in east–central Arizona, home to the White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona, contains several climate zones because of the large variation in surface elevation within the reservation. This study was carried out in cooperation with the White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona, to raise awareness of how the changing climate affects the Fort Apache Reservation. This report documents the evaluation of existing multidecadal meteorological and hydrological datasets for the Fort Apache Reservation, used to evaluate the effects of a changing climate on the reservation. In this evaluation, near-surface air temperature, snow depth, snow water equivalent, precipitation, and streamflow datasets were analyzed for monotonic trends indicative of changing climatic conditions during specified periods of time. The results of these trend analyses were then compared with the Tribal community's memories of the changing climate.</p><p>Trend analysis of near-surface air temperatures from a U.S. Historical Climatological Network station on the Fort Apache Reservation at Whiteriver, Arizona, indicated that mean annual air temperatures have increased by an average of 2.48 degrees Fahrenheit from 1980 to 2023. Records from the same station also indicated that average monthly maximum temperatures recorded for March increased by 5.39 degrees Fahrenheit for the same time period.</p><p>Annual precipitation at the five precipitation stations used in this study decreased greatly from the 1980s to 2023. The largest total decrease was 10.07 inches, or 34.7 percent. However, only one of the two precipitation stations with longer term data available prior to 1980 had a significant negative trend when data from the entire period of record, from 1901 to 2023, were analyzed.</p><p>Trend analyses show a decrease in the annual maximum snow water equivalent and an earlier disappearance of the snowpack at two Natural Resources Conservation Service snow telemetry stations in the mountainous region just east of the Fort Apache Reservation from 1981 to 2023. Based on the trend analyses, the average annual maximum snow water equivalent has decreased by more than 40 percent at both stations, and the average date when the snowpack was fully melted at the stations in the spring has moved earlier in time from late April to early April or late March. However, a statistically significant trend was not determined for the early April snow water equivalent measured at a nearby Natural Resources Conservation Service snow course across its period of record, indicating that the history of mountain snowpack in this area is not fully understood. Analysis of snowfall data from a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Cooperative Observer Program network station on the Fort Apache Reservation at McNary 2N, AZ (station 025412) indicated that, on average, the measured total annual snowfall at the station decreased 42.4 percent from 1935 to 2023.</p><p>Streamflow data from six U.S. Geological Survey streamgages on the Fort Apache Reservation were analyzed for trends. For most streamflow gages, statistically significant trends were not determined for tested parameters when the entire streamflow period of record was used for stations with records going back to at least the 1960s. However, when the data from 1980 to 2023 was tested, most of the streamflow parameters had statistically significant negative trends. All six streamgages showed a decrease in average annual runoff of at least 50 percent from 1980 to 2023; one streamgage showed an 81.8 percent decrease.</p><p>A similar statistical finding was observed in the analysis of the annual spring snowmelt peak from one of the six streamgages used in the study and located in an area receiving measurable amounts of snowmelt runoff. When data from the entire period of record (1958–2023) was used, no trend in streamflow was determined; however, a significant negative trend was determined from 1980 to 2023, indicating a decrease in average annual springtime runoff of 62.6 percent. Statistical analysis on the timing of the annual spring snowmelt peak at the same streamgage indicated the snowmelt peak is happening on average about 12 days earlier now (2023) than it did in the past. The trend results for the timing of the annual spring snowmelt peak were the same and statistically significant for both periods tested (1958–2023 and 1980–2023). Two of the streamflow records from the Fort Apache Reservation were compared to the Palmer Hydrological Drought Index computed for Arizona Climate Division 4 (East Central) by the National Centers for Environmental Information. The comparison showed that the streamflow records generally tracked the Palmer Hydrological Drought Index.</p><p>In interviews, Tribal community members living on the Fort Apache Reservation described the changes in climate that they observed during their lifetimes. Common themes reported were that air temperatures have become warmer, and the weather is less predictable with changes in seasonal patterns. Drier conditions, lower snowfall, shorter winters, and lower river levels were also reported. These community member observations align with the results of this study.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation, Arizona","usgsCitation":"Mason, J.P., 2026, Analyses of meteorological and hydrological records support Tribal members’ accounts of changing climate on the Fort Apache Reservation, east–central Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5140, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265140.","productDescription":"Report: x, 58 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-180087","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503253,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119367.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":502810,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P144FN7Q","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"U.S. Historical Climatology Network version 2.5 dataset for station Whiteriver 1 SW, Arizona, from 1873 to 2024, used in Analysis of Meteorological and Hydrological Records Support Tribal Members’ Accounts of Changing Climate on the Fort Apache Reservation, east–central Arizona"},{"id":502808,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5140/sir20265140.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2026-5140 XML"},{"id":502807,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265140/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5140 HTML"},{"id":502806,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5140/sir20265140.pdf","size":"24.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5140 PDF"},{"id":502805,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5140/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":502809,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5140/images/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Fort Apache Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.75,\n              34.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.45,\n              34.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.45,\n              33.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.75,\n              33.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.75,\n              34.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_az@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_az@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/arizona-water-science-center\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/arizona-water-science-center\">Arizona Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>520 N. Park Avenue, Suite 221<br>Tucson, AZ 85719</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Data Sources and Methods of Analysis</li><li>Results of Trend Analyses</li><li>Discussion</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2026-04-15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mason, Jon P. 0000-0003-0576-5494 jmason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0576-5494","contributorId":215782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"Jon","email":"jmason@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70275364,"text":"70275364 - 2026 - The Climate Hazards Center Infrared Precipitation with Stations, version 3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-19T15:42:18.853167","indexId":"70275364","displayToPublicDate":"2026-04-11T08:47:50","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Climate Hazards Center Infrared Precipitation with Stations, version 3","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Climate Hazards Center Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) data stream combines: (1) a high-resolution climatology, (2) thermal infrared (TIR) geostationary satellite observations, and (3) station observations. In the past, CHIRPS version 2 (CHIRPS2) has proven to be valuable for drought monitoring, hydrologic modeling, scientific studies and agricultural decision making. Version 3 (CHIRPS3) improves each of these components. The new version, CHIRPS3 extends to 60°S/N, adopts an improved variance-preserving TIR-to-precipitation estimation method, uses many more stations and station sources than the original CHIRPS2 product, and implements gauge-undercatch correction. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of satellite-only CHIRP3, CHIRP2, IMERG, PERSIANN- CCS, and GPI using high quality interpolated data in twelve regions with dense station coverage. CHIRP3 represents both the observed mean and variance more accurately than CHIRP2. A usage section in Morocco shows that CHIRPS3 better captures the observed rainfall variability when compared to CHIRPS2. This section also demonstrates how station data should be gauge-undercatch-corrected when validating CHIRPS3.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41597-026-07096-4","usgsCitation":"Funk, C., Peterson, P., Harrison, L., Saldivar, R., Landsfeld, M., Pedreros, D., Shukla, S., Fink, A.H., Davenport, F., Peterson, S.H., Turner, W., Sonnier, A., Budde, M., Tabor, K., Verdin, J., Hauzaree, D., Naim, M., Alaso, D., and Husak, G., 2026, The Climate Hazards Center Infrared Precipitation with Stations, version 3: Scientific Data, v. 13, 78, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07096-4.","productDescription":"78, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182849","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504155,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07096-4","text":"Publisher Index 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Laura","contributorId":192382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":960718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saldivar, Robert","contributorId":370741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saldivar","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":80950,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Landsfeld, Martin","contributorId":192380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landsfeld","given":"Martin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":960720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pedreros, Diego 0000-0001-9943-7373 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Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Davenport, Frank","contributorId":145816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7168,"text":"UCSB","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Peterson, Seth H.","contributorId":139568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12804,"text":"Univ. of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":960725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Turner, William","contributorId":370745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turner","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":80950,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards 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