{"pageNumber":"1","pageRowStart":"0","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40754,"records":[{"id":70274493,"text":"70274493 - 2026 - Advances in volcano monitoring driven by the first decade of Sentinel-1 observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-27T15:48:35.399426","indexId":"70274493","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-26T08:41:45","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advances in volcano monitoring driven by the first decade of Sentinel-1 observations","docAbstract":"Sentinel-1 has transformed how satellite radar data (SAR and InSAR) are used in volcanology. The systematic, long-term archive and open-access policy means that volcano observatories and research organisations have invested in integrating Sentinel-1 datasets into their monitoring systems. We identify 233 high priority volcanoes and estimate that Sentinel-1 data has been used in peer-reviewed publications for 90 of them. We examine a global archive of 3.3 million automatically processed Sentinel-1 interferograms of volcanoes and use machine learning methods to identify eruptions and periods of unrest. We then review the ways in which InSAR data are being used in different contexts. At frequently erupting basaltic systems in Iceland, Hawaiʻi, the Galápagos , and Piton de la Fournaise, InSAR has become an effective monitoring tool and is integrated with other datasets and models to forecast magma pathways. For large explosive eruptions, deformation measurements often remain challenging, but SAR backscatter is increasingly used to map damaging flows and measure the changing shape of ocean islands. Sentinel-1's long archive provides critical baseline measurements that are vital for measuring slow deformation, capturing new periods of unrest and providing fresh insights into subsurface dynamics. Understanding the drivers of deformation remains challenging and typically relies on integration with external datasets. Future European Space Agency missions have the potential to improve both resolution and coverage providing an even richer dataset to further enhance global volcano monitoring","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2026.115377","usgsCitation":"Biggs, J., Anantrasirichai, N., Anderson, K.R., Cayol, V., Dualeh, E.W., Dumont, Q., Ebmeier, S.K., Froger, J.L., Gaddes, M., Galleto, F., Gonzales, P.J., Hamling, I., Hooper, A., Lazecky, M., Lizama, C.N., and Pritchard, M.E., 2026, Advances in volcano monitoring driven by the first decade of Sentinel-1 observations: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 339, 115377, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2026.115377.","productDescription":"115377, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177252","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2026.115377","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ethiopia","otherGeospatial":"Erta Ale volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              39.410391558822226,\n              13.666664012561242\n            ],\n            [\n              39.410391558822226,\n              11.613176216993239\n            ],\n            [\n              41.47334116398639,\n              11.613176216993239\n            ],\n            [\n              41.47334116398639,\n              13.666664012561242\n            ],\n            [\n              39.410391558822226,\n              13.666664012561242\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  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K.","contributorId":368841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebmeier","given":"Susanna","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Froger, Jean Luc","contributorId":368842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Froger","given":"Jean","middleInitial":"Luc","affiliations":[{"id":87655,"text":"Universite Jean Monnet","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gaddes, Matthew","contributorId":368844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaddes","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Galleto, Federico","contributorId":368845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galleto","given":"Federico","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gonzales, Pablo J.","contributorId":368846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzales","given":"Pablo","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":87656,"text":"IPNA-CSIC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hamling, Ian","contributorId":344731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamling","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36277,"text":"GNS Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hooper, Andrew","contributorId":139985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hooper","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Lazecky, Milan","contributorId":368847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lazecky","given":"Milan","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Lizama, Camila Novoa","contributorId":368848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lizama","given":"Camila","middleInitial":"Novoa","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Pritchard, Matthew 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,{"id":70274328,"text":"70274328 - 2026 - Rapid seismic and infrasound assessment of large landslides: A case study from Denali National Park and Preserve (Alaska)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-26T20:12:07.266266","indexId":"70274328","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-23T13:03:56","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5739,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","onlineIssn":"2169-9011","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid seismic and infrasound assessment of large landslides: A case study from Denali National Park and Preserve (Alaska)","docAbstract":"Large, rapid landslides are a global hazard that can occur in remote, mountainous areas. Eyewitness reports of landslides and satellite imagery can often be limited or delayed, particularly during inclement weather. However, landslide-generated seismic and infrasound (low-frequency atmospheric sound) waves can be remotely detected in near real-time. This information can significantly expedite characterization and possible landslide response activities. Here, we highlight these capabilities using a > 4 million m³ ice–rock avalanche in Denali National Park and Preserve (Alaska). This event was detected via a landslide-specific seismic location and volume estimation algorithm deployed in Alaska, and — notably — by standard earthquake monitoring systems. Following rapid detection of this event, we combined its seismic and infrasound dataset with optical, synthetic aperture radar, and oblique aerial imagery, multitemporal digital elevation models, and a numerical flow model to reconstruct its failure timeline and dynamics. We apply array processing to infrasound signals traveling > 250 km and find that two precursory events occurred minutes prior to the main failure. We use long-period seismic signals to infer the force exerted by the landslide on the Earth and constrain the rheological parameters of our numerical flow simulation with this result and deposit morphology. The main failure produced a steeply-dipping impulsive initial downward force and reached speeds exceeding 60 m/s. This impulsive force generated relatively strong seismic body waves, which contributed to the earthquake system detection. This large, remote Alaska landslide underscores the key value of seismic and infrasound analysis for rapid landslide assessment and motivates efforts to further operationalize these approaches.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025JF008577","usgsCitation":"Toney, L., West, M., Karasözen, E., Capps, D.M., Collins, E.A., Allstadt, K.E., Pursley, J., McFarlin, H., Mangeney, A., Fee, D., Staley, D.M., Haney, M.M., Lyons, J.J., and Bellini, J., 2026, Rapid seismic and infrasound assessment of large landslides: A case study from Denali National Park and Preserve (Alaska): Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, v. 131, no. 3, e2025JF008577, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JF008577.","productDescription":"e2025JF008577, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179322","costCenters":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Landslides / Earthquake Geology","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502039,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025jf008577","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13WIS6X","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Simulation and modeling output and geospatial data from the 2023 Peters Dome landslide (Alaska)"},{"id":501642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154.5240265398315,\n              64.71816776218537\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.5240265398315,\n              60.86885905211162\n            ],\n            [\n              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,{"id":70274296,"text":"70274296 - 2026 - Decadal shifts in groundwater age detected by environmental tracers across California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T15:57:13.026731","indexId":"70274296","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-23T08:53:06","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decadal shifts in groundwater age detected by environmental tracers across California, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Groundwater age offers important insight into recharge, storage, and contamination risk. Although models predict age changes can be driven by pumping and climate variability, direct observational evidence remains limited. Here, we analyzed paired environmental tracer suites (tritium, carbon-14, and tritiogenic helium-3) collected a decade apart from 268 wells across California to assess the prevalence of groundwater age transience. Travel-time distribution models and statistical tests indicated age transience at 29% of sites, occurring most often in agricultural regions, such as the San Joaquin Valley and Southern Coast Ranges, where large carbon-14 changes coincided with substantial nitrate and chloride shifts. Sites with tritiogenic helium-3 data showed more frequent age transience, underscoring the value of multi-tracer data sets. These results provide the first regional evidence of widespread groundwater age change and a method for detecting changing water balances with implications for groundwater sustainability and water quality.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GL119794","usgsCitation":"Jurgens, B.C., and Levy, Z.F., 2026, Decadal shifts in groundwater age detected by environmental tracers across California, USA: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 53, no. 6, e2025GL119794, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL119794.","productDescription":"e2025GL119794, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-151777","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl119794","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70274258,"text":"70274258 - 2026 - The collective application of shorebird tracking data to conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T15:43:44.858489","indexId":"70274258","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-23T08:29:42","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The collective application of shorebird tracking data to conservation","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Addressing urgent conservation issues, such as the drastic declines of North American migratory birds, requires creative, evidence-based, efficient, and collaborative approaches. The abundance of over 50% of monitored North American shorebird populations has declined by over 50% since 1980. To address these declines, we developed a partnership of scientists and practitioners called the Shorebird Science and Conservation Collective (hereafter&nbsp;</span><i>the collective</i><span>). The collective was founded to translate the combined findings of shorebird tracking data into on-the-ground conservation action. With advice from an advisory group, the collective acts as an intermediary whereby dedicated staff collate and analyze data contributions from scientists to support knowledge requests from conservation practitioners. In its first three years, data contributions from 75 organizations include over 7.1 million shorebird observations forming movement paths of 3420 individuals representing 36 species tracked across the Americas and have informed 18 conservation projects spanning education, land and species management, land conservation, and policy requests. Others engaged in translational science from big data could consider similar knowledge-sharing models that prioritize usable data products, foster collaborative engagement between science experts and practitioners, build focused communities around topics or taxonomic groups, and employ a proof-of-concept phase to develop scalable solutions while making progress toward long-term funding to sustain impact. As the volume of scientific data continues to grow, intermediaries, such as the collective, can be vital liaisons to rapidly integrate and interpret research to support conservation action. Dedicated to the memory of Shiloh Schulte and his conservation achievements for shorebirds.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70194","usgsCitation":"Harrison, A., Stenzel, C., Anderson, A., Howell, J., Lanctot, R.B., Aikens, M., Aldabe, J., Berigan, L., Bêty, J., Blomberg, E., Bosi de Almeida, J., Boyce, A.J., Bradley, D.W., Brown, S.C., Carlisle, J.D., Cheskey, E., Christie, K., Christin, S., Clay, R., Dayer, A.A., Deppe, J.L., English, W.B., Flemming, S.A., Gilg, O., Gilroy, C., Heath, S., Hill, J.M., Hipfner, J.M., Johnson, J.A., Johnson, L., Kempenaers, B., Knaga, P., Kwon, E., Lagassé, B.J., Lamarre, J., Latty, C., Léandri-Breton, D., Lecomte, N., Loring, P., McDuffie, L.A., McGuire, R., Moorhead, S., Navedo, J.G., Newstead, D., Nol, E., Olalla-Kerstupp, A., Olson, B., Olson, E., Paquet, J., Pierce, A.K., Rausch, J., Regan, K., Reiter, M.E., Roth, A.M., Russell, M., Ruthrauff, D.R., Saalfeld, S.T., 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Lee","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":67},{"text":"Valcu, Mihai 0000-0002-6907-7802","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-7802","contributorId":216254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valcu","given":"Mihai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12472,"text":"Max Planck Institute for Ornithology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":68},{"text":"Warnock, Nils","contributorId":352294,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warnock","given":"Nils","affiliations":[{"id":84163,"text":"Audubon Canyon Ranch, Stinson Beach, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":69},{"text":"Wehtje, Walter","contributorId":352295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wehtje","given":"Walter","affiliations":[{"id":84164,"text":"Ricketts Conservation Foundation, Bondurant, WY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":70},{"text":"Winn, Brad","contributorId":332829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winn","given":"Brad","affiliations":[{"id":79653,"text":"Manomet, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":71},{"text":"Wunder, Michael B.","contributorId":367304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wunder","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":16824,"text":"University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":72}]}}
,{"id":70274287,"text":"70274287 - 2026 - Insights into Mountain Pass carbonatite formation from in-situ sulfur isotopes and geochemistry of sulfate and sulfide minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T15:52:20.433845","indexId":"70274287","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-21T08:44:26","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Insights into Mountain Pass carbonatite formation from in-situ sulfur isotopes and geochemistry of sulfate and sulfide minerals","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>The Mountain Pass carbonatite stock hosts a world-class rare earth element deposit and may be classified as a carbonate-sulfate igneous rock, as it contains on average &gt; 50 volume percent carbonate minerals and 20 to 30 volume percent sulfate minerals. The sulfates range in composition from barite to celestine and locally occur with sparse sulfide minerals. We investigate the origin of sulfur enrichment and the occurrence of sulfur-bearing minerals in the Mountain Pass carbonatite with in-situ sulfur isotope and mineral chemistry. Barite cores with δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S of 1 to 3‰ do not coexist with sulfides, whereas celestine rims with δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S of &gt; 3‰ are associated with sulfides with δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S &lt; -10‰. We propose a model in which sulfur-bearing sediments were subducted during episodes of plate convergence in the Mojave Province that preceded Mountain Pass magmatism. Metasomatism of the overlying mantle by melts derived from the subducted sediments generated an unusually carbon- and sulfur-rich source to yield carbonatite magmas. Sulfur from primary carbonatite magmas and ~ 1 to 7% sulfur from subducted sediment melts yielded a slightly enriched δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S composition (relative to depleted mantle δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S of -1‰) for early crystallizing barite. Celestine rims on magmatic barite cores formed at low, hydrothermal temperatures (&lt; 350 °C) based on S isotope thermometry for equilibrium celestine-galena and celestine-pyrite pairs. The sparse sulfides in the carbonatite stock are not in equilibrium with the primary barite cores and therefore do not permit S isotope thermometry estimates of magmatic temperatures. The S/Se ratios of sulfide minerals (&gt; 3,400) typically exceed primitive mantle values (S/Se of 3,340), also consistent with their derivation from hydrothermal fluids. Trace occurrences of sulfide and sulfate minerals in alkaline silicate stocks related to the carbonatite stock have similar δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S compositions and yield similarly low formation temperatures, suggesting regionally extensive and chemically similar sulfur-bearing hydrothermal fluids that imparted lithologically diverse rocks with a consistent sulfur isotope fingerprint.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s00126-026-01438-3","usgsCitation":"Benson, E.K., Watts, K., Pribil, M.J., Thompson, J.M., and Lowers, H.A., 2026, Insights into Mountain Pass carbonatite formation from in-situ sulfur isotopes and geochemistry of sulfate and sulfide minerals: Mineralium Deposita, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01438-3.","productDescription":"25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179323","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-026-01438-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501457,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Mountain Pass","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.24550849872043,\n              35.963211671328224\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.24550849872043,\n              34.54590209348751\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.62637079295725,\n              34.54590209348751\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.62637079295725,\n              35.963211671328224\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.24550849872043,\n              35.963211671328224\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Erin Kay 0000-0003-3166-6043","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3166-6043","contributorId":346098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"Kay","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watts, Kathryn E. 0000-0002-6110-7499","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6110-7499","contributorId":204344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kathryn E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pribil, Michael J. 0000-0003-4859-8673 mpribil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-8673","contributorId":141158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pribil","given":"Michael","email":"mpribil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Jay M. 0000-0003-3322-0870","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-0870","contributorId":329664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Jay","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lowers, Heather A. 0000-0001-5360-9264 hlowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":191307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70274581,"text":"70274581 - 2026 - Constraining source and path effects of large magnitude earthquakes using ground motion simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-01T17:30:17.899683","indexId":"70274581","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-19T10:24:20","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraining source and path effects of large magnitude earthquakes using ground motion simulations","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>The purpose of this study is to use ground‐motion simulations to investigate ways in which source and path effects for large‐magnitude earthquakes can be represented in nonergodic ground‐motion models (GMMs). To achieve this, we designed a ground‐motion study in the San Francisco Bay Area that includes earthquakes with a broad range of magnitudes distributed uniformly on a fault plane, and sites covering a large range of rupture distances and azimuths. After running a large suite of kinematic simulations (magnitude 4–7), we then develop a nonergodic GMM with the simulated data. We find that trends in the within‐site residuals are affected significantly by the earthquake radiation pattern, rupture directivity, and slip patterns. Next, we modify an existing rupture directivity model to fit and remove the observed radiation pattern and rupture directivity from the residuals. We also minimize the contributions of slip patterns by averaging the within‐site residuals among multiple source realizations. Finally, after removing the source effects from the within‐site residuals, we compare the path effects computed with different magnitude groups using two approaches. The first approach only considers the small events that have the same shortest path to a site as the large events, whereas the second approach considers all small events on the fault plane. The results indicate that it is difficult to satisfactorily approximate the path effects of large events with those of small events using either approach, at least in the case of simulations.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1785/0120250161","usgsCitation":"Meng, X., Graves, R., and Goulet, C.A., 2026, Constraining source and path effects of large magnitude earthquakes using ground motion simulations: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1785/0120250161.","productDescription":"19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180707","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501956,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.17098655449547,\n              39.4081868475823\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.17098655449547,\n              36.13153010429927\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.37323428562047,\n              36.13153010429927\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.37323428562047,\n              39.4081868475823\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.17098655449547,\n              39.4081868475823\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meng, Xiaofeng","contributorId":350798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meng","given":"Xiaofeng","affiliations":[{"id":13249,"text":"University of Southern California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graves, Robert 0000-0001-9758-453X rwgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":140738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Robert","email":"rwgraves@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goulet, Christine A 0000-0002-7643-357X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7643-357X","contributorId":336587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goulet","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70274221,"text":"sir20265127 - 2026 - A three-dimensional geologic framework model of the northern Great Plains region of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-25T19:00:05.617929","indexId":"sir20265127","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-18T17:05:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5127","displayTitle":"A Three-Dimensional Geologic Framework Model of the Northern Great Plains Region of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, USA","title":"A three-dimensional geologic framework model of the northern Great Plains region of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, USA","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents a new three-dimensional geologic framework model (GFM) of the northern Great Plains region, encompassing parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming. The model provides a regionally consistent, geographic information system (GIS)-ready representation of Phanerozoic sedimentary strata, major fault systems, and Precambrian basement geometry across two sedimentary basins and adjacent uplifts. More than 300,000 geologic and geophysical data inputs were synthesized to model 41 stratigraphic horizons and 47 faults, yielding an internally coherent, sealed-volume interpretation of the subsurface. The modeling workflow developed for this study demonstrates an efficient and scalable approach for constructing basin-to regional-scale GFMs in geologically complex and data-variable settings. Although model fidelity varies with data density and quality, the resulting geometry is broadly consistent with 1:500,000-scale geologic mapping and highlights areas where additional geologic study is most needed. The three-dimensional GFM provides a foundational framework to support groundwater, energy, and mineral resource assessments, and offers a transferable methodology for potential future U.S. Geological Survey efforts to build large-area subsurface models in underexplored regions of the United States.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265127","programNote":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","usgsCitation":"Spangler, L.R., 2026, A three-dimensional geologic framework model of the northern Great Plains region of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, USA: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5127, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265127.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 51 p.; 7 Plates:  40.15 x 40.82 inches: 2 Data Releases","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-169097","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501226,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127_plate07.pdf","text":"Plate 7","size":"5.55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5127 Plate 7","linkHelpText":"Elevation from Sea Level for the Uppermost Horizon of the Pierre Shale Unit Produced in the Three-Dimensional Geologic Model"},{"id":501225,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127_plate06.pdf","text":"Plate 6","size":"3.43 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5127 Plate 6","linkHelpText":"Elevation from Sea Level for the Uppermost Horizon of the Greenhorn Formation Unit Produced in the Three-Dimensional Geologic Model"},{"id":501222,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127_plate03.pdf","text":"Plate 3","size":"5.29 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5127 Plate 3","linkHelpText":"Elevation from Sea Level for the Uppermost Horizon of the Madison Group Unit Produced in the Three-Dimensional Geologic Model"},{"id":501221,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127_plate02.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"2.80 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5127 Plate 2","linkHelpText":"Elevation from Sea Level for the Uppermost Horizon of the Interlake Dolomite Unit Produced in the Three-Dimensional Geologic Model"},{"id":501171,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127_plate01.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"6.15 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5127 Plate 1","linkHelpText":"Elevation from Sea Level for the Uppermost Horizon of the Precambrian Basement Rock Unit Produced in the Three-Dimensional Geologic Model"},{"id":501168,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5127"},{"id":501398,"rank":14,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119319.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":501224,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127_plate05.pdf","text":"Plate 5","size":"4.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5127 Plate 5","linkHelpText":"Elevation from Sea Level for the Uppermost Horizon of the Inyan Kara Group Unit Produced in the Three-Dimensional Geologic Model"},{"id":501223,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127_plate04.pdf","text":"Plate 4","size":"5.02 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5127 Plate 4","linkHelpText":"Elevation from Sea Level for the Uppermost Horizon of the Minnelusa Formation and Tensleep Sandstone Unit Produced in the Three-Dimensional Geologic Model"},{"id":501167,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":501293,"rank":13,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/sir20265127.xml"},{"id":501170,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LK4QHJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital database of a 3D Geological Model of western South Dakota"},{"id":501169,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13RSCBV","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital database of a 3D Geological Model of the Powder River Basin and Williston Basin Regions, USA"},{"id":501292,"rank":12,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5127/images"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyomng","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.01760304216045,\n              42.18074830613793\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.01940051819325,\n              42.96961821600968\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.65957340563033,\n              43.01299991081737\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.41029713935428,\n              43.66615176363095\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.24117083870094,\n              43.8917209316659\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.29375040573721,\n              44.247038889450664\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.71263038522197,\n              44.71498675029835\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.34267561847032,\n              44.95949891843\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.6445391698451,\n              46.899090456327855\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.38858240463932,\n              49.00440688663221\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.17174745521996,\n              48.97955071277116\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.10285947693174,\n              47.15382556530247\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.00020337189423,\n              45.73378363240559\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.44163962196222,\n              42.4720968180645\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.01760304216045,\n              42.18074830613793\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/geosciences-and-environmental-change-science-center/\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/geosciences-and-environmental-change-science-center/\">Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>Box 25046, MS-980<br>Denver, CO 80225-0046</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Plain Language Summary</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Purpose and Scope</li><li>Geographic and Geologic Setting of the Study Area</li><li>Previous Subsurface Investigations</li><li>Stratigraphy, Model Units, and Stacking Order</li><li>Model Input Data</li><li>Modeling Methodology&nbsp;</li><li>Model Evaluation</li><li>Discussion of Model Results and Limitations</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1. Model Units from the Northern Great Plains Three- Dimensional Geologic Framework Model&nbsp;</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2026-03-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"plainLanguageSummary":"<p>This report presents a new three-dimensional map of underground rock layers and faults in the northern Great Plains, covering parts of Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming. The model was built from thousands of data points collected from wells, maps, and geophysical surveys. It shows the shape, depth, and thickness of multiple rock layers—many of which are important for water, energy, and mineral resources. The map helps scientists, land managers, and decisionmakers better understand the region’s subsurface geology. This work also shows that reliable geologic models can be made even in areas with limited data, using a repeatable method that can be applied in other underexplored areas.</p>","publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spangler, Leland R. 0000-0002-2223-7047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2223-7047","contributorId":295310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spangler","given":"Leland","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70274325,"text":"70274325 - 2026 - Deep critical zone controls on shallow landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-26T19:40:22.332984","indexId":"70274325","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-18T12:36:18","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep critical zone controls on shallow landslides","docAbstract":"The deep critical zone (CZ) has long been recognized for its importance in influencing shallow landslides but was not considered feasible to include in slope stability models at the watershed scale. In this study, we demonstrate that simple approximations of the CZ in a fully coupled hydrologic and soil slope stability model can effectively capture the location, timing, and likely size of shallow landslides. To achieve this, we use coupled, process-based models that incorporate the effects of 1) deep CZ structures, 2) three-dimensional transient hydrology, and 3) multidimensional slope stability, calibrated with data from an intensively monitored field site. Our results show that the hydrologically active deep CZ guides groundwater flow, influencing where it drains from or exfiltrates to the soil mantle, producing distinct patterns of soil saturation and seepage forces at the soil-bedrock boundary. Deep conductive weathered critical zone drains the soil mantle, reducing the likelihood of destabilizing pore pressures, while the downslope thinning of the CZ forces groundwater to the surface. This creates localized instability and a tendency for similar-sized landslides across the landscape. In contrast, the absence of conductive weathered bedrock results in more widespread destabilizing pore pressures, leading to larger landslides and the likelihood of landslides earlier in a storm than in landscapes underlain by a deep CZ. Our findings suggest that first-order variations of deep CZ can provide physical explanations for variations observed in the susceptibility, magnitude, and timing of shallow landslides, and that CZ structure may be inferred from patterns and timing of landsliding.","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2524542123","usgsCitation":"Moon, S., Formetta, G., Higa, J.T., Busti, R., Bellugi, D.G., Milledge, D.G., Ebel, B., and Dietrich, W.E., 2026, Deep critical zone controls on shallow landslides: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 123, no. 12, e2524542123, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524542123.","productDescription":"e2524542123, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159353","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524542123","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moon, Seulgi 0000-0001-5207-1781","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-1781","contributorId":264625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moon","given":"Seulgi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Formetta, Giuseppe 0000-0002-0252-1462","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0252-1462","contributorId":210296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Formetta","given":"Giuseppe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38100,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Higa, Justin T.","contributorId":367913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Higa","given":"Justin","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Busti, Riccardo","contributorId":367914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Busti","given":"Riccardo","affiliations":[{"id":25322,"text":"University of Trento","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bellugi, Dino G.","contributorId":367915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellugi","given":"Dino","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Milledge, David G.","contributorId":367916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milledge","given":"David","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":33636,"text":"Newcastle University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ebel, Brian A. 0000-0002-5413-3963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-3963","contributorId":211845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebel","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dietrich, William E.","contributorId":367923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dietrich","given":"William","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36942,"text":"University of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70274264,"text":"70274264 - 2026 - Sackung at Bald Eagle ridge, central Colorado: An updated interpretation of ridge-spreading movement, structures, and mechanisms from 50 years (1975–2025) of U.S. Geological Survey research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T17:32:55.792259","indexId":"70274264","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-17T08:03:37","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sackung at Bald Eagle ridge, central Colorado: An updated interpretation of ridge-spreading movement, structures, and mechanisms from 50 years (1975–2025) of U.S. Geological Survey research","docAbstract":"<p><span>Slow gravitational failures of mountain peaks and ridges are poorly understood. Herein, we report on 50 years of studies at a slowly spreading castellate ridge in the Sawatch Range in central Colorado. The orientations of geomorphic-structural features indicate that the fractured Precambrian granitic rock underlying the ridge has extended and spread northwestward toward the formerly glacier-covered Busk Creek valley. Results from surveying, field-based geomorphic-structural mapping using lidar, rock mass quality measurements, a passive seismic survey, and satellite radar provide a major update to research started by U.S. Geological Survey researchers in the 1970s and 1980s. New insights include a recognition that the entire ridge has slowly moved by concurrent sliding along an inferred northwest dipping, compound basal-slip surface (or zone), and through the formation of multiple grabens by normal faulting and flexural toppling along sets of pre-existing fractures that dip moderately (∼45°) to the southeast. We were unable to distinguish the presence of a sudden and strong contrast in seismic velocity across the inferred slip surface. Movement during the 50-year study period has been episodic and gradually decreasing, in correspondence with decreasing cumulative annual precipitation and increasing mean annual air temperatures. The fastest moving area, just upslope from the glacier trimline, had an average horizontal velocity of 3</span><strong>–</strong><span>4 mm/yr. Evidence suggests that movement started as a paraglacial response mechanism, but because of the site’s proximity to the Rio Grande Rift, we cannot exclude earthquake shaking as a mechanism for initiation or enhancement of slope movement. An estimate of longer-term horizontal movement from the exposed basal-slip surface at the uphill side of the ridgetop graben is ∼1.1 mm/yr for the 13</span><strong>–</strong><span>14 ky post-glacial period.</span></p><p><span>Broad implications of our work are that: (1) long-term measurements (decades or longer) of slope movement can add insights into how sackungen form and evolve through time; (2) the identification of thrust faults and toes in zones of compression near valley bottoms can be crucial for interpreting sackung failure mechanisms, and (3) the use of passive-seismic techniques to identify the depth to a slip surface may not be successful in granitic terrain dominated by planar fractures and subtle changes in rock-mass characteristics.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108666","usgsCitation":"Coe, J.A., Avdievitch, N.N., Allstadt, K.E., Collins, E.A., Jensen, E.K., Hoch, O.J., Schaefer, L.N., Ruleman, C.A., Godt, J.W., and Matthews, V., 2026, Sackung at Bald Eagle ridge, central Colorado: An updated interpretation of ridge-spreading movement, structures, and mechanisms from 50 years (1975–2025) of U.S. Geological Survey research: Engineering Geology, v. 366, 108666, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108666.","productDescription":"108666, 32 p.","ipdsId":"IP-156535","costCenters":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Landslides / Earthquake Geology","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501686,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108666","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Leadville","otherGeospatial":"Sawatch Range","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.23868289938606,\n              39.19838581484649\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.23868289938606,\n              38.85875489036053\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.39077877905079,\n              38.85875489036053\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.39077877905079,\n              39.19838581484649\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.23868289938606,\n              39.19838581484649\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"366","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":200619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":957450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Avdievitch, Nikita N. 0000-0002-2507-2962","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2507-2962","contributorId":225492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avdievitch","given":"Nikita","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allstadt, Kate E. 0000-0003-4977-5248","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-5248","contributorId":138704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allstadt","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science 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0000-0002-1327-7100","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1327-7100","contributorId":306177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoch","given":"Olivia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schaefer, Lauren N. 0000-0003-3216-7983","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3216-7983","contributorId":241997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ruleman, Chester A. 0000-0002-1503-4591 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,{"id":70274295,"text":"70274295 - 2026 - Current and near-future conditions of aquatic spatial data for use in ecological models in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T15:00:48.212922","indexId":"70274295","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-17T07:53:45","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2585,"text":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Current and near-future conditions of aquatic spatial data for use in ecological models in the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>To address increasing demand for ecological models of aquatic species that can inform the management of national freshwater resources, we leveraged manager input to develop suites of environmental data layers characterizing freshwater habitats for the contiguous United States. Using the National Hydrography Dataset, these new data cover lentic and lotic systems under current and near-future environmental conditions. The data include a variety of covariate categories including climate, soil chemistry, land use and land cover, and human modification of the surrounding landscape. The predictor resolution for atmospheric climate predictors was the lake (wetland) or stream reach, and, for the terrestrial proxies, the subwatershed (HUC12) surrounding the lake or stream reach was chosen to capture the relevant land features surrounding the habitat. Future land use, land cover and streamflow predictions were included from present to mid-century. These data are available for the development of freshwater ecological models in the contiguous United States for a variety of applications, including species distribution modeling and exploring change in spatially diverse aquatic systems in time.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecosciences","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2026003","usgsCitation":"Henderson, G.C., Engelstad, P., Reimer, C.J., LeClare, S.K., Fraser, L.S., Williams, D.A., Shadwell, K.S., Daniel, W.M., Pfingsten, I.A., and Jarnevich, C.S., 2026, Current and near-future conditions of aquatic spatial data for use in ecological models in the United States: Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, no. 427, 11, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2026003.","productDescription":"11, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176252","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501961,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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       ],\n              [\n                -104.45697,\n                29.57196\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.70575,\n                30.12173\n              ],\n              [\n                -105.03737,\n                30.64402\n              ],\n              [\n                -105.63159,\n                31.08383\n              ],\n              [\n                -106.1429,\n                31.39995\n              ],\n              [\n                -106.50759,\n                31.75452\n              ],\n              [\n                -108.24,\n                31.75485\n              ],\n              [\n                -108.24194,\n                31.34222\n              ],\n              [\n                -109.035,\n                31.34194\n              ],\n              [\n                -111.02361,\n                31.33472\n              ],\n              [\n                -113.30498,\n                32.03914\n              ],\n      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       -120.62286,\n                34.60855\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.74433,\n                35.15686\n              ],\n              [\n                -121.71457,\n                36.16153\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.54747,\n                37.55176\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.51201,\n                37.78339\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.95319,\n                38.11371\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.7272,\n                38.95166\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.86517,\n                39.76699\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39807,\n                40.3132\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.17886,\n                41.14202\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.2137,\n                41.99964\n              ],\n              [\n                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48.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.84,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -120,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.03121,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -116.04818,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -113,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -110.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -107.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.04826,\n                48.99986\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.65,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.22872,\n                49.0007\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15907,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15609,\n                49.38425\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ]\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      },\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"name\": \"United States\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"427","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, Grace C. 0000-0001-9542-6888","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-6888","contributorId":328973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"Grace","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":78543,"text":"Student contractor to the USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engelstad, Peder","contributorId":238758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelstad","given":"Peder","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reimer, Cameron J. 0000-0002-2058-0538","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-0538","contributorId":344094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reimer","given":"Cameron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":79471,"text":"Student contractor to the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LeClare, Shelby K. 0000-0001-6893-5601","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6893-5601","contributorId":366942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LeClare","given":"Shelby","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":79471,"text":"Student contractor to the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fraser, Linnea S. 0009-0001-5997-4462","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5997-4462","contributorId":367809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraser","given":"Linnea","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":79471,"text":"Student contractor to the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Williams, Demetra A. 0000-0002-5171-8640","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5171-8640","contributorId":332472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Demetra","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":79471,"text":"Student contractor to the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shadwell, Keana S. 0000-0001-6835-425X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6835-425X","contributorId":332473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shadwell","given":"Keana","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":79471,"text":"Student contractor to the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Daniel, Wesley M. 0000-0002-7656-8474","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-8474","contributorId":214505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"Wesley","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pfingsten, Ian A. 0000-0002-9456-9905","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9456-9905","contributorId":214517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfingsten","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70274335,"text":"70274335 - 2026 - Ice sheet dynamics drive pronounced changes in the subsurface freshwater-saltwater interface","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-26T16:51:28.699968","indexId":"70274335","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-16T11:48:52","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ice sheet dynamics drive pronounced changes in the subsurface freshwater-saltwater interface","docAbstract":"<p><span>Saltwater is migrating into freshwater aquifers globally with water quality and biogeochemical implications, yet saltwater intrusion in glaciated regions is sparsely investigated. Field observations suggest that groundwater head in glaciated systems is influenced by ice sheet forcings and provides evidence that seawater infiltrated into offshore aquifers during past deglaciation events. To understand links between ice sheet dynamics, groundwater head, and saltwater intrusion, we use numerical models to explore the effects of deglaciation on nearshore head and salinity distributions. We find that ice sheet thinning diminishes groundwater head, and the resulting shift in subsurface pressure gradients drives rapid landward movement of the subsurface freshwater-saltwater interface up to 4.0&nbsp;km or 1.3&nbsp;m per m ice sheet loss. Results highlight an overlooked saltwater intrusion mechanism that aligns with field observations and affects glaciated coastlines undergoing ice sheet retreat, underscoring the need to consider this mechanism in studies of contemporary coastal water quality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GL120376","usgsCitation":"Guimond, J., Mohammed, A., Kurylyk, B.L., Walvoord, M.A., and Bense, V.F., 2026, Ice sheet dynamics drive pronounced changes in the subsurface freshwater-saltwater interface: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 53, no. 6, e2025GL120376, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL120376.","productDescription":"e2025GL120376, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-184772","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl120376","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guimond, Julia","contributorId":266043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guimond","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24650,"text":"Dalhousie University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mohammed, Aaron","contributorId":340028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mohammed","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurylyk, Barret L.","contributorId":176296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurylyk","given":"Barret","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle A. 0000-0003-4269-8366","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":211843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bense, Victor F.","contributorId":248636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bense","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37803,"text":"Wageningen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70274265,"text":"70274265 - 2026 - The U.S. Geological Survey 2025 Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands time-independent earthquake rupture forecast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-25T14:34:58.380005","indexId":"70274265","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-16T10:41:43","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The U.S. Geological Survey 2025 Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands time-independent earthquake rupture forecast","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present the 2025 U.S. Geological Survey Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands (PRVI) time‐independent earthquake rupture forecast (ERF), developed for the 2025 update to the National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for PRVI. The updated ERF improves upon a prior model from 2003, including an expanded fault inventory with slip‐rate estimates, updated seismicity catalogs, and refined subduction zone geometries and deformation models. It applies the fault‐system inversion methodology to solve for rates of ruptures on modeled faults, adapted from the 2023 NSHM (NSHM23) for the western United States, including the first application of the inversion to model rates on a U.S. subduction interface. Off‐fault and intraslab seismicity are constrained by observed seismicity and use updated methods developed for NSHM23. Uncertainties in model components are substantial, and the ERF represents epistemic uncertainties through a comprehensive logic tree consisting of 1.7 billion logic‐tree branches combined across all sources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120250040","usgsCitation":"Milner, K., Hatem, A.E., Briggs, R.W., Jobe, J.A., Llenos, A.L., Michael, A.J., Shumway, A., Field, E.H., and Haynie, K.L., 2026, The U.S. Geological Survey 2025 Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands time-independent earthquake rupture forecast: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120250040.","ipdsId":"IP-182010","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501594,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120250040","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501456,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.24473696671367,\n              18.685289557222063\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.45235602937508,\n              17.58915546047696\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.35204786394414,\n              17.642821738727804\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.70746354748341,\n              18.441821463038096\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.24473696671367,\n              18.685289557222063\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milner, Kevin Ross 0000-0002-9118-6378","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9118-6378","contributorId":352491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milner","given":"Kevin Ross","affiliations":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatem, Alexandra Elise 0000-0001-7584-2235","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-2235","contributorId":225597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatem","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"Elise","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":4136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jobe, Jessica Ann Thompson 0000-0001-5574-4523","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-4523","contributorId":295377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobe","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann Thompson","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shumway, Allison 0000-0003-1142-7141 ashumway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-7141","contributorId":147862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shumway","given":"Allison","email":"ashumway@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":52242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward","email":"field@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Haynie, Kirstie Lafon 0000-0001-9930-6736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-6736","contributorId":289894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynie","given":"Kirstie","email":"","middleInitial":"Lafon","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70274273,"text":"70274273 - 2026 - Depositional interplay between the Ancestral Rocky Mountains and Ouachita–Marathon–Sonora orogenies: Insights from provenance records in the late Paleozoic Marfa Basin, West Texas, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T15:40:31.2063","indexId":"70274273","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-16T10:28:17","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":972,"text":"Basin Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depositional interplay between the Ancestral Rocky Mountains and Ouachita–Marathon–Sonora orogenies: Insights from provenance records in the late Paleozoic Marfa Basin, West Texas, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Marfa Basin in West Texas is a late Palaeozoic synorogenic depocenter associated with regional deformation linked to the Ancestral Rocky Mountains (ARM) and Ouachita–Marathon–Sonora (OMS) orogenies in southwestern Laurentia. Basin strata range in age from Middle Pennsylvanian to the middle Permian and include the Cieneguita, Alta, Pinto Canyon, Rose Mine and Mina Grande Formations. Sandstone petrography and detrital zircon (DZ) U–Pb and (U–Th)/He double dating data from these strata reveal three tectonically driven sedimentation stages: syntectonic ARM deposition, progressive OMS foredeep deposition and an orogenic transition. The Cieneguita and lower part of the Alta Formations exhibit a Mesoproterozoic DZ age signature (~1318 and ~1076 Ma age peaks) and quartzo-feldspathic sandstone compositions sourced from the adjacent ARM-related Diablo Platform basement uplift in the Middle Pennsylvanian to earliest Permian. In contrast, the upper part of the Alta Formation, as well as the Pinto Canyon and Rose Mine Formations, have peri-Gondwanan DZ age signatures, with Mesoproterozoic (~1069–1036 Ma age peaks), Neoproterozoic–Cambrian (~700–490 Ma) and Palaeozoic (~490–300 Ma) age modes and litho-quartzose sandstone compositions derived from the OMS fold-and-thrust belt and orogenic hinterland during the early to middle Permian. The lower to middle parts of the Alta Formation have alternating DZ age signatures and sandstone compositions from both ARM and OMS sources, revealing that the transition in the sediment supply occurred during the middle Wolfcampian. This transition was not characterised by source mixing, but rather by sediment interfingering alternately sourced from the Diablo Platform uplift and the advancing OMS belt. These observations are confirmed by the DZ He ages, which reveal distinct cooling histories for both source terranes. These results document a switch from ARM- to OMS-related syntectonic deposition in southwestern Laurentia during the early Permian, demonstrating that ARM-driven deformation largely preceded the continental collision along the Marathon segment of the OMS orogen.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/bre.70098","usgsCitation":"Juárez-Zúñiga, S., Johnson, B.G., Stockli, D.F., and Lawton, T.F., 2026, Depositional interplay between the Ancestral Rocky Mountains and Ouachita–Marathon–Sonora orogenies: Insights from provenance records in the late Paleozoic Marfa Basin, West Texas, U.S.A.: Basin Research, v. 38, no. 2, e70098, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70098.","productDescription":"e70098, 27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179927","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Marfa Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.5833,\n              30.0833\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5833,\n              29.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.333,\n              29.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.333,\n              30.0833\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.5833,\n              30.0833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juárez-Zúñiga, Sandra","contributorId":367830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Juárez-Zúñiga","given":"Sandra","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stockli, Daniel F. 0000-0001-7652-2129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7652-2129","contributorId":254375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stockli","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12430,"text":"University of Texas at Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":957779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Benjamin G. 0000-0002-9462-9322","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-9322","contributorId":270008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawton, Timothy F.","contributorId":63866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawton","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":957780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70274507,"text":"70274507 - 2026 - Dog attacks on wild desert tortoises: A risk model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-27T16:38:06.280698","indexId":"70274507","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-16T09:27:50","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dog attacks on wild desert tortoises: A risk model","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>We retrospectively compiled a database of 6,727 live, wild Agassiz's desert tortoises (</span><i>Gopherus agassizii</i><span>) and evaluated them for clinical signs of trauma to shell and limbs at 50 sites in the Mojave and Colorado (western Sonoran) deserts of California, USA, spanning the years 1977–2006. Our objectives were to 1) identify tortoises with severe trauma to shell, limbs, and gular horns typically seen in attacks from dogs (</span><i>Canis familiaris</i><span>); 2) identify locations where severe injuries occurred; and 3) develop a risk model based on distances of tortoises from settlements, towns, or cities. Our models identified multiple variables of importance for tortoises with severe damage to shells, limbs, and gular horns: relative age and sex of tortoises, decades of occurrence, and location. Females and very old tortoises were more vulnerable to attacks than other tortoises. In the decades between the 1970s and 2000s, the risk of severe overall trauma to shell and limbs increased 4 times and to gular horns 16.5 times. Compared to previous decades, by the early 2000s the percent of tortoises with severe trauma increased exponentially the closer a tortoise site was to a settlement; the exponential increase began at approximately 12 km from a settlement. We suggest that the risks may be higher now because of the growth of human populations within the geographic range of the tortoise. The threats to tortoises from dogs are based on whether dogs are off-leash in the Mojave and Colorado deserts.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70192","usgsCitation":"Carlson, A.S., Berry, K.H., and Mack, J.S., 2026, Dog attacks on wild desert tortoises: A risk model: Journal of Wildlife Management, e70192, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70192.","productDescription":"e70192, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177508","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70192","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501720,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Desert, Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.54403437504442,\n              37.27173670819484\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.54403437504442,\n              32.70135724857404\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.3861439811104,\n              32.70135724857404\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.3861439811104,\n              37.27173670819484\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.54403437504442,\n              37.27173670819484\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Andrea S.","contributorId":368885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Andrea","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":87670,"text":"USGS, WERC (former)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mack, Jeremy S.","contributorId":368886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mack","given":"Jeremy","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":87670,"text":"USGS, WERC (former)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70274509,"text":"70274509 - 2026 - Invasion resistance varies by fuel break type in sagebrush ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-27T16:25:03.36043","indexId":"70274509","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-16T09:16:48","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invasion resistance varies by fuel break type in sagebrush ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p>Background </p><p>Wildfire is an increasingly important driver of changes within sagebrush (Artemisia spp. L.) ecosystems of the western USA, often resulting in increased spread of exotic annual grasses, such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), and subsequent losses of native vegetation and wildlife habitat. Fuel breaks— areas of land treated to reduce or redistribute fuel loads — are widely implemented to help prevent the spread of wildfires and provide areas to facilitate firefighting efforts. However, localized installation and maintenance of fuel breaks directly reduce or remove vegetation and may propagate the spread of exotic annual grasses into fuel break boundaries and surrounding areas, inadvertently weakening ecological resilience to disturbance. To investigate if exotic annual grass cover was associated with mowed or green strip fuel breaks across the sagebrush biome, we combined multiple data sources and methodologies. We used targeted field surveys and land-management agency monitoring data within a space-for-time substitution framework coupled with a progressive-change before-after control-impact (PC BACI) study design using historical remotely sensed vegetation cover data which allowed us to account for potential confounding effects of roads on annual grass cover. </p><p>Results </p><p>Models using both field collected and remotely sensed vegetation indices estimated increases in exotic annual grass cover over time following mowed fuel break installation, and higher exotic annual grass cover closer to mowed fuel breaks. These increases in exotic annual grass occurred within, at 500 m and at 1000 m from mowed fuel breaks. However, we found variable patterns of exotic annual grass after green strip fuel break installation depending on the data source. No increase in exotic annual grass were indicated by either analysis at distances greater than 500 m from green strip fuel breaks. However, our and field data analyses disagreed on the direction of the association of exotic annual grass cover and green strip fuel breaks. </p><p>Conclusions </p><p>Although fuel breaks are an important tool in managing wildland fire, our analysis underscores the importance of planting fire-resistant vegetation, rather than mowing alone, to reduce invasion by annual grasses within and around fuel breaks in sagebrush ecosystems. In addition, site characteristics that hinder the proliferation of exotic annual grasses could be evaluated when installing fuel breaks to minimize unintended effects of exotic annual grass on surrounding sagebrush habitat.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s42408-026-00455-x","usgsCitation":"Nash, A.L., Brussee, B.E., Weise, C.L., Shinneman, D.J., McIlroy, S.K., Webster, S.C., Mathews, S.R., Dettenmaier, S.J., Condon, L.A., Crist, M.R., Aldridge, C.L., Heinrichs, J.A., Ricca, M.A., O’Neil, S.T., and Coates, P., 2026, Invasion resistance varies by fuel break type in sagebrush ecosystems: Fire Ecology, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-026-00455-x.","productDescription":"47 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179064","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502043,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-026-00455-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13H9ADF","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Code to analyze fuel breaks and exotic annual grass associations within sagebrush ecosystems of the western USA"},{"id":501718,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.63820648194779,\n              45.25800827418905\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.41592142907835,\n              36.85076028726094\n            ],\n            [\n             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0000-0001-6753-8807","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-8807","contributorId":368894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nash","given":"Austin","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37814,"text":"Former USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brussee, Brianne E.","contributorId":368895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brussee","given":"Brianne","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37814,"text":"Former USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weise, Cali L.","contributorId":305785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weise","given":"Cali","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":958053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shinneman, Douglas J. 0000-0002-4909-5181 dshinneman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-5181","contributorId":147745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinneman","given":"Douglas","email":"dshinneman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McIlroy, Susan K. 0000-0001-5088-3700 smcilroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-3700","contributorId":169446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIlroy","given":"Susan","email":"smcilroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Webster, Sarah C. 0000-0003-4981-2010","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-2010","contributorId":368900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37814,"text":"Former USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mathews, Steven R. 0000-0002-3165-9460 smathews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3165-9460","contributorId":176922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathews","given":"Steven","email":"smathews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dettenmaier, Seth J. 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0000-0002-3506-3402","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3506-3402","contributorId":360738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crist","given":"Michele","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":86094,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Land Management, National Interagency Fire Center, Boise, Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":958061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Heinrichs, Julie A. 0000-0001-7733-5034 jheinrichs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7733-5034","contributorId":193742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinrichs","given":"Julie","email":"jheinrichs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A. 0000-0003-1576-513X mark_ricca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-513X","contributorId":139103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark","email":"mark_ricca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"O’Neil, Shawn T. 0000-0002-0899-5220","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0899-5220","contributorId":206589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":352181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70274552,"text":"70274552 - 2026 - Multi-site evaluation of a postfire debris-flow runout forecast method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-31T15:46:54.853091","indexId":"70274552","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-12T10:43:31","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5053,"text":"Earth's Future","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-site evaluation of a postfire debris-flow runout forecast method","docAbstract":"<p><span>Postfire debris flows pose a hazard to human life, property, and infrastructure when they travel from steep source areas to urbanized alluvial fans or other developed areas. Existing methods for rapid (&lt;1&nbsp;week) postfire debris-flow hazard assessment document the increase in the likelihood and size of debris flows as the magnitude of high-intensity rain necessary to initiate debris flows increases but do not indicate the extent of downstream debris-flow runout. Although many models for the simulation of debris-flow motion are available, there is no established approach for using these models to delineate locations susceptible to postfire debris-flow runout that (a) is feasible to use at the spatial scale of an entire fire; (b) is appropriate for runout onto unconfined areas; (c) reproduces observed relations between runout and rainfall intensity; and (d) characterizes inherent uncertainty in runout, even without spatiotemporally variable rainfall. We propose and evaluate a method for generating postfire debris-flow runout hazard maps that has all the above qualities. Selection of case studies prioritized events triggered by a range of rainfall intensities, locations within and outside of southern California, and observed runout onto unconfined topography. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of performance for four events indicate that simulation results broadly match observations albeit with some discrepancies at a scale larger than structure or land parcel level (approximately 20-m by 20-m). The method may be used to identify potentially hazardous areas immediately following a fire and to provide approximate runout forecasts when a storm is imminent.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025EF007004","usgsCitation":"Barnhart, K.R., Kean, J.W., Lindsay, D.N., and Bilderback, E., 2026, Multi-site evaluation of a postfire debris-flow runout forecast method: Earth's Future, v. 14, no. 3, e2025EF007004, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025EF007004.","productDescription":"e2025EF007004, 30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180454","costCenters":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Landslides / Earthquake Geology","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025ef007004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.79851727404943,\n              36.914538423846594\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.91896698559691,\n              36.914538423846594\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.91896698559691,\n              32.90931203229438\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.79851727404943,\n              32.90931203229438\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.79851727404943,\n              36.914538423846594\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhart, Katherine R. 0000-0001-5682-455X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-455X","contributorId":257870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindsay, Donald N. 0009-0001-4533-339X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4533-339X","contributorId":369005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsay","given":"Donald","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bilderback, Eric Leland 0000-0002-2027-5699","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-5699","contributorId":349936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bilderback","given":"Eric Leland","affiliations":[{"id":78941,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Landslides / Earthquake Geology","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70274556,"text":"70274556 - 2026 - Epigenetics in captivity: Restoring wild phenotypes in captive-reared salmonids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T13:47:45.108645","indexId":"70274556","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-12T09:58:55","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Epigenetics in captivity: Restoring wild phenotypes in captive-reared salmonids","docAbstract":"<p><span>Captive rearing is a common practice for the stocking, conservation, and supplementation of fish species worldwide, but captive-reared fish can exhibit altered phenotypes leading to reduced fitness in nature compared to wild conspecifics. In salmonids, certain studies have found limited genetic differentiation between wild and captive-reared fish. However, documented changes in gene expression in hatchery fish have led scientists to investigate epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, as a source of these differences. In this binational collaborative piece, we synthesize the knowledge and efforts of academics and government scientists to highlight how interactions between captive rearing and the epigenome elicit parallel phenotypic changes across salmonid species. We examine the known and potential links between DNA methylation and the phenotypic effects of captive rearing including changes in behavior, color, gut microbiomes, and developmental abnormalities. We review efforts to minimize these phenotypic and epigenetic effects including attempts to modify the hatchery environment and rearing protocols. We provide a framework to integrate epigenetic considerations into hatchery rearing protocols by weighing the heritable nature of DNA methylation with the goals of different captive rearing programs and explore whether minimizing the phenotypic and epigenetic effects of captive rearing is worthwhile. We examine heritability and persistence of epigenetic effects, and we propose the exploitation of heritable bet-hedging as an epigenetic buffer to increase post-release survival. We also suggest novel applications of epigenomic biomarkers as a non-lethal method for post-release monitoring. Ultimately, collaborative multi-disciplinary research across species is needed to understand the comprehensive effects of captive rearing, reduce the ecological impacts of captive fish in the wild, and increase population resilience. Integrating epigenetics into fish hatchery management will provide new opportunities for optimizing and improving captive rearing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.70210","usgsCitation":"Attfield, T., Honsey, A.E., Ackiss, A.S., Luek, A., Meagher, B., Nuetzel, H., Koch, I., April, J., Wakeling, K., Wellband, K., Bouchard, R., Lehnhert, S.J., Narum, S.R., Healy, T., Pitcher, T.E., and Venney, C.J., 2026, Epigenetics in captivity: Restoring wild phenotypes in captive-reared salmonids: Evolutionary Applications, v. 19, no. 3, e70210, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70210.","productDescription":"e70210, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-183514","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502102,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.70210","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70274217,"text":"70274217 - 2026 - Spatial units to support Lake Erie Cisco Coregonus artedi restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-13T13:49:00.704144","indexId":"70274217","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-12T08:41:16","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"displayTitle":"Spatial units to support Lake Erie Cisco <i>Coregonus artedi</i> restoration","title":"Spatial units to support Lake Erie Cisco Coregonus artedi restoration","docAbstract":"At the request of the Lake Erie Committee, spatial units for Lake Erie Cisco were delineated during spring 2024. Spatial units correspond to the reproductive habitat of extirpated (unoccupied spatial units) and extant (occupied spatial units) populations. Spatial units were delineated using a Council of Lake Committees-endorsed method that involves synthesizing data for evaluation by a panel with expertise on the focal organisms and ecosystems. By examining catch, survey, observational, and genetic data, an expert panel determined that no viable Cisco populations remain in Lake Erie. Experts delineated one eastern and one western unoccupied Cisco spatial unit in Lake Erie based on interpretation of historical movement and spawning locations and timing. The expert panel also identified eleven key questions that can be investigated to further inform Lake Erie Cisco restoration. The two unoccupied spatial units will form the basis of a follow-on threats assessment and population viability models that together provide fishery managers science-based planning tools for Lake Erie Cisco restoration.","language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes CIscoes","usgsCitation":"Egan, J.P., Ackiss, A.S., and Muir, A.M., 2026, Spatial units to support Lake Erie Cisco Coregonus artedi restoration, 29 p.","productDescription":"29 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177655","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":501123,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.greatlakesciscoes.org/lake-erie-cisco-spatial-unit-assessment-and-delineation/"}],"country":"Canada, United Sates","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": 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,{"id":70274590,"text":"70274590 - 2026 - The effects of scientific uncertainty and values trade-offs on flow management decisions for an endangered fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-01T21:22:06.654572","indexId":"70274590","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-11T14:14:15","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of scientific uncertainty and values trade-offs on flow management decisions for an endangered fish","docAbstract":"<p><span>Consumptive use of freshwater is of concern in many estuarine ecosystems, and various frameworks have been used to prescribe environmental flows to benefit native species. However, few of these frameworks explicitly examine the potential trade-offs between socioeconomic and conservation-oriented values. This is exemplified in California, USA, where freshwater management has been an area of focus and controversy. Operations of numerous reservoirs and water diversion facilities distributed throughout the state, while critical for economic and public health benefits, have contributed to the decline of many native species. The endangered delta smelt (</span><i>Hypomesus transpacificus</i><span>) is endemic to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, the heart of California's complex water conveyance system. To aid recovery of delta smelt, fall-timed freshwater pulse flows were implemented, which require water to be either released from reservoirs, or made unavailable to export for consumptive uses. Previous research has indicated that the effectiveness of the current pulse flow action could be improved by reconsidering the timing and magnitude; however, uncertainties in the predicted fish response to flow pulses may hinder decision-making about flow management. Using a water resource planning model, different iterations of an individual-based life cycle model, and decision analysis tools, we assessed the importance of sources of uncertainty to hypothetical flow management decisions, including uncertainty surrounding the predicted responses in delta smelt population growth rates, and variability of decision-maker's values. We found both the choice of which (if any) flow action to take for delta smelt, and the expected value of further research, depended on how decision-makers weight the delta smelt and water supply objectives. There was expected value of information (VOI) only if a decision-maker weighted the delta smelt objective ≥0.59, and within this range, research to improve estimates of changes in delta smelt prey items related to flow actions could be prioritized over other sources of uncertainty to improve outcomes of decision-making. Our study demonstrates how uncertainty, even if large, may not be equally relevant to different decision-makers (e.g., with different agency missions), and how VOI analysis can be used to guide management in an overallocated water system such as California.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70558","usgsCitation":"Mahardja, B., Smith, W.E., Healy, B.D., Koizumi, C., Nobriga, M.L., Acuña, S., Crawford, B., Arend, K.K., and Runge, M.C., 2026, The effects of scientific uncertainty and values trade-offs on flow management decisions for an endangered fish: Ecosphere, v. 17, no. 3, e70558, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70558.","productDescription":"e70558, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179082","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70558","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501969,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.70835642002126,\n              38.292492080303305\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.70835642002126,\n              36.78504888193622\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.74800512414426,\n              36.78504888193622\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.74800512414426,\n              38.292492080303305\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.70835642002126,\n              38.292492080303305\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahardja, Brian","contributorId":174645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahardja","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13461,"text":"U.C. 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,{"id":70274642,"text":"70274642 - 2026 - Finding the (small) cores: Spatial covariance tracks grassland bird community occupancy in fragmented grasslands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T18:04:33.969063","indexId":"70274642","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-11T10:57:27","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Finding the (small) cores: Spatial covariance tracks grassland bird community occupancy in fragmented grasslands","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Grasslands are an imperiled ecosystem, and grassland bird abundance is declining across North America. One of the strongest drivers for these declines is woody plant encroachment of grasslands. In the Great Plains and Sagebrush biomes of North America, spatial covariance—a remote-sensing metric for tracking boundaries between vegetation types—is emerging as a new method to identify and strategize conservation of grassland cores in the face of woody plant encroachment. However, the relationship between spatial covariance and grassland bird community occupancy is unknown. Here, we used Bayesian multispecies occupancy models to understand how occupancy probability of six declining grassland species responded to spatial covariance at three scales (0.81, 7.29, and 65.61 ha) and tree cover in fragmented grasslands of Arkansas, USA. Model selection revealed that the smallest spatial scale (0.81 ha) best explained grassland bird occupancy. Tree cover alone was a poor predictor of grassland bird occupancy compared to models that included spatial covariance at the 0.81- and 7.29-ha scales. Grassland bird occupancy declined at tree-grass boundaries (negative spatial covariance at the 0.81-ha scale) and increased in grassland cores (near-zero or slightly positive spatial covariance at the 0.81-ha scale). At low tree cover, Dickcissel (</span><i>Spiza americana</i><span>), Eastern Kingbird (</span><i>Tyrannus tyrannus</i><span>), Loggerhead Shrike (</span><i>Lanius ludovicianus</i><span>), Northern Bobwhite (</span><i>Colinus virginianus</i><span>), and Scissor-tailed Flycatcher (</span><i>Tyrannus forficatus</i><span>) occupancy probability more than doubled in grassland cores (where spatial covariance approached zero). Eastern Meadowlark (</span><i>Sturnella magna</i><span>) had the weakest relationship with spatial covariance. Our results suggest that spatial covariance can identify grassland cores and serve as a powerful predictor of grassland bird community occupancy, even in highly fragmented grasslands. Identifying grassland cores empowers defending core grasslands from woody plant encroachment and then growing cores via active restoration.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70515","usgsCitation":"Berry, L.L., DeGregorio, B.A., Uden, D.R., and Roberts, C.P., 2026, Finding the (small) cores: Spatial covariance tracks grassland bird community occupancy in fragmented grasslands: Ecosphere, v. 17, no. 3, e70515, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70515.","productDescription":"e70515, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-167761","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70515","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Bald Knob National Wildlife Refuge, Cache River National Wildlife Refuge, Camp Robinson Special Use Area, Holla Bend National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.55982952388516,\n              35.69384138213361\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.55982952388516,\n              35.08983573060459\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.1524295998061,\n              35.08983573060459\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.1524295998061,\n              35.69384138213361\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.55982952388516,\n              35.69384138213361\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Lauren L.","contributorId":369145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berry","given":"Lauren","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeGregorio, Brett Alexander 0000-0002-5273-049X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-049X","contributorId":243214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGregorio","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Uden, Daniel R.","contributorId":369146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uden","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":16610,"text":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roberts, Caleb Powell 0000-0002-8716-0423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-0423","contributorId":288567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Caleb","email":"","middleInitial":"Powell","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70274216,"text":"70274216 - 2026 - Groundwater drought in the United States: Spatial and temporal variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-13T15:11:23.354627","indexId":"70274216","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-11T10:03:16","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater drought in the United States: Spatial and temporal variability","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many communities and ecosystems in the United States that are dependent on groundwater are potentially adversely affected by groundwater drought. We computed yearly groundwater-drought metrics and mean groundwater levels at well locations across the conterminous United States (CONUS), using data from wells and remotely sensed and modeled Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Drought Monitor Data Assimilation (GRACE-DADM). We also modeled the probability of low or high human impact at each well location. The spatial distribution of groundwater-drought duration and severity from 2001 to 2020 for 1,510 wells shows longer maximum duration and higher maximum severity events in drier regions like the Southwest than in wetter regions like the Northeast. Based on 613 wells in CONUS from 1981 to 2020, there are many significant decreases in drought duration and severity in the Northeast and many significant increases in annual-mean groundwater levels. In contrast, there are many significant increases in drought metrics and decreases in mean water levels in parts of the Southeast. There are major differences in trends from 2001 to 2020 between well-based and GRACE-DADM-based groundwater metrics in some CONUS regions and a very low correlation between trends at individual locations across CONUS. A potential reason for this disparity is the low GRACE-DADM resolution (∼12&nbsp;km) and the potential for a large amount of groundwater variation at the local scale. Also, GRACE-DADM represents shallow, unconfined aquifers which may not match the screened interval of the monitoring wells we evaluated. Large spatial gaps in long-term, high frequency, and quality-assured groundwater-well monitoring data present a challenge for understanding groundwater-drought variability across CONUS. Remote sensing tools such as GRACE can help but cannot fully replace well monitoring, as highlighted by our study results. Substantially more long-term monitoring wells would more accurately represent groundwater-drought trends and spatial variability across CONUS, particularly in western regions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135180","usgsCitation":"Hodgkins, G., Simeone, C., Lombard, M.A., Caldwell, T., Hammond, J., Wieczorek, M., and Dudley, R., 2026, Groundwater drought in the United States: Spatial and temporal variability: Journal of Hydrology, v. 671, 135180, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135180.","productDescription":"135180, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163725","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501147,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      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            [\n                -108.24194,\n                31.34222\n              ],\n              [\n                -109.035,\n                31.34194\n              ],\n              [\n                -111.02361,\n                31.33472\n              ],\n              [\n                -113.30498,\n                32.03914\n              ],\n              [\n                -114.815,\n                32.52528\n              ],\n              [\n                -114.72139,\n                32.72083\n              ],\n              [\n                -115.99135,\n                32.61239\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.12776,\n                32.53534\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.29594,\n                33.04622\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.944,\n                33.62124\n              ],\n              [\n                -118.4106,\n                33.74091\n              ],\n              [\n                -118.51989,\n                34.02778\n              ],\n              [\n                -119.081,\n                34.078\n              ],\n              [\n                -119.43884,\n                34.34848\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.36778,\n                34.44711\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.62286,\n                34.60855\n              ],\n              [\n                -120.74433,\n                35.15686\n              ],\n              [\n                -121.71457,\n                36.16153\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.54747,\n                37.55176\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.51201,\n                37.78339\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.95319,\n                38.11371\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.7272,\n                38.95166\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.86517,\n                39.76699\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39807,\n                40.3132\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.17886,\n                41.14202\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.2137,\n                41.99964\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.53284,\n                42.76599\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.14214,\n                43.70838\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.02053,\n                44.6159\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.89893,\n                45.52341\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.07963,\n                46.86475\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.39567,\n                47.72017\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.68721,\n                48.18443\n              ],\n              [\n                -124.5661,\n                48.37971\n              ],\n              [\n                -123.12,\n                48.04\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.58736,\n                47.096\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.34,\n                47.36\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.5,\n                48.18\n              ],\n              [\n                -122.84,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -120,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -117.03121,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -116.04818,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -113,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -110.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -107.05,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -104.04826,\n                48.99986\n              ],\n              [\n                -100.65,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -97.22872,\n                49.0007\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15907,\n                49\n              ],\n              [\n                -95.15609,\n                49.38425\n              ],\n              [\n                -94.81758,\n                49.38905\n              ]\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      },\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"name\": \"United States\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"671","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":214833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simeone, Caelan 0000-0003-3263-6452","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3263-6452","contributorId":221008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simeone","given":"Caelan","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lombard, Melissa A. 0000-0001-5924-6556 mlombard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5924-6556","contributorId":198254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lombard","given":"Melissa","email":"mlombard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Caldwell, Todd 0000-0003-4068-0648","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4068-0648","contributorId":217924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Todd","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hammond, John C. 0000-0002-4935-0736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0736","contributorId":223108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"John C.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael 0000-0003-0999-5457","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-5457","contributorId":207911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":220211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert W.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70274211,"text":"70274211 - 2026 - Small-volume tephra deposits of the May 1924 explosions from Halemaʻumaʻu, Kīlauea volcano, and their origin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-13T14:29:50.599041","indexId":"70274211","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-11T09:20:41","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Small-volume tephra deposits of the May 1924 explosions from Halemaʻumaʻu, Kīlauea volcano, and their origin","docAbstract":"<div id=\"sp0085\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">More than 50 explosive eruptions occurred from Halemaʻumaʻu at Kīlauea volcano over 17&nbsp;days from May 11 to 27, 1924. Ballistics weighing as much as 14,000&nbsp;kg were ejected and most landed within 2&nbsp;km of the vent. Fine ash made up a major component of the tephra and was dispersed tens of kilometers downwind. Draining of the Halemaʻumaʻu lava lake occurred in late February 1924, with the crater floor eventually subsiding by a further ∼70&nbsp;m (to ∼180&nbsp;m below the crater rim) by the time the first explosions took place during the night of May 10–11. The largest explosions occurred on May 17–18 and smaller explosions continued until May 27, at which point Halemaʻumaʻu had more than doubled in width and depth. The explosions generated plumes reaching up to ∼10&nbsp;km high with ballistics ejected up to 2&nbsp;km from the crater.</div><div id=\"sp0090\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Almost 100&nbsp;years later, we investigate and characterize the preserved tephra deposits within ∼3&nbsp;km of the 1924 crater rim. Grain size and shape analyses were performed on 202 samples collected from 34 tephra profiles using dynamic image analysis, with a subset of layers from nine tephra profiles used for componentry (200 grains per layer in the 0.5–1&nbsp;mm size fraction). Additionally, we characterize the average diameters (using the five largest clasts) at 216 locations and measure the average diameters of 2291 ballistics (largest per ∼100&nbsp;m<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>area). Physical descriptions from fieldwork and grain size distributions were used to subdivide the tephra layers into five lithofacies: coarse homogeneous, fine homogenous, red ash, accretionary lapilli-bearing, and finely laminated. Grain size versus shape data show a range of values that demonstrate most grains are dense, smooth, and equant, in alignment with lithic clasts dominating the tephra componentry. The fine grained and accretionary lapilli-bearing nature of some of these lithofacies confirms that water influenced the style of the explosions. However, we also note juvenile clasts within many of the tephra layers, indicating that many of the layers were formed during phreatomagmatic explosions (sensu stricto), despite the eruptive mechanism being dominantly phreatic. Juvenile clasts are more abundant higher in the tephra profiles, suggesting that juvenile magma was more involved later in the explosive sequence. Thermal and hydrologic modeling indicate that groundwater inflow into a short-lived, small-diameter volcanic conduit (10-m to 120-m-diameter used for modeling) during the 78–85 days preceding the first explosion provides a physically plausible mechanism for this eruptive sequence.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2026.108589","usgsCitation":"Downs, D.T., Schmith, J., Chang, J., Lynn, K.J., Swanson, D., Gaddis, B., and Flinders, A.F., 2026, Small-volume tephra deposits of the May 1924 explosions from Halemaʻumaʻu, Kīlauea volcano, and their origin: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 473, 108589, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2026.108589.","productDescription":"108589, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-169312","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501132,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Halemaʻumaʻu, Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.32093940239616,\n              19.462043698480926\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.32093940239616,\n              19.355974406399667\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.22000056879196,\n              19.355974406399667\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.22000056879196,\n              19.462043698480926\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.32093940239616,\n              19.462043698480926\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"473","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Downs, Drew T. 0000-0002-9056-1404 ddowns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-1404","contributorId":173516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downs","given":"Drew","email":"ddowns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmith, Johanne 0000-0002-0912-7441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-7441","contributorId":334956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmith","given":"Johanne","affiliations":[{"id":80292,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":957037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chang, Julie 0000-0002-3330-062X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3330-062X","contributorId":304400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"Julie","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lynn, Kendra J. 0000-0001-7886-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7886-4376","contributorId":290327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynn","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gaddis, Ben 0000-0001-7280-353X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7280-353X","contributorId":203453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaddis","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flinders, Ashton F. 0000-0003-2483-4635","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2483-4635","contributorId":271052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flinders","given":"Ashton","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70274632,"text":"70274632 - 2026 - Hydrologic variability drives environmental and geospatial relationships in Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T18:44:26.919721","indexId":"70274632","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-10T11:32:48","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Hydrologic variability drives environmental and geospatial relationships in Smallmouth Bass (<i>Micropterus dolomieu</i>) distribution","title":"Hydrologic variability drives environmental and geospatial relationships in Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) distribution","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Hydrologic variation is a primary driver of stream ecosystems. Changing hydrology can lead to assemblage shifts and alterations in suitable habitat for freshwater species. As climate change is predicted to alter flow patterns in addition to increasing water temperatures, insight into relationships between species occupancy, hydrology, and temperature is critical for understanding current and future distributions. We examined how hydrologic variability, temperature, and other environmental variables interact to influence&nbsp;</span><i>Micropterus dolomieu</i><span>&nbsp;(Smallmouth Bass) occurrence. We used Spatial Stream Network models, allowing for the incorporation of spatial autocorrelation along streams' unique dendritic network, to examine Smallmouth Bass occupancy across a range of hydrologic variation in the Ozark-Ouachita Interior Highlands, USA. Hydrologic variation was the main driver of Smallmouth Bass occurrence, with occurrence more likely in groundwater streams with low hydrologic variation and high flow permanence. For groundwater streams, occurrence was positively associated with summer stream temperature and negatively associated with annual stream temperature. As variation increased, more variables showed significant relationships with occurrence. Distance metrics were important for all models, however as hydrologic disturbance increased, flow connected distance played a lesser role and stream distance played a greater role. Hydrologic variability was the overarching determinant of Smallmouth Bass occurrence and strongly influenced the predictive importance of environmental variables and geospatial relationships. Greater hydrologic variability resulted in stronger statistical relationships between occurrence and environmental variables and an increased importance of system connectivity. As climate change alters hydrologic processes and streams become more variable, understanding and accounting for these shifting relationships is essential.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181562","usgsCitation":"Sorensen, S.F., Fox, J.T., and Magoulick, D.D., 2026, Hydrologic variability drives environmental and geospatial relationships in Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) distribution: Science of the Total Environment, v. 1025, 181562, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181562.","productDescription":"181562, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176491","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181562","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Ozark-Ouachita Interior Highlands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.06835076729865,\n              37.54392591075137\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.58753725694291,\n              35.616131979244244\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.86430792379102,\n              34.30485408838467\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.13839254168458,\n              34.13182914589751\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.02844126052034,\n              33.84485206480821\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.20526644252189,\n              35.93662462412837\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.46426221649432,\n              38.03635872039271\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.06835076729865,\n              37.54392591075137\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1025","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorensen, Sarah F.","contributorId":369126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fox, J. Tyler","contributorId":369127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"J.","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Magoulick, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9665-5957 danmag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9665-5957","contributorId":2513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoulick","given":"Daniel","email":"danmag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70274135,"text":"70274135 - 2026 - Alternative future vegetation pathways reveal potential transformations of western US ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-12T16:41:27.715088","indexId":"70274135","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-09T11:34:07","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alternative future vegetation pathways reveal potential transformations of western US ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Managing ecosystems in an era of rapid change is inherently challenging not only because of uncertainty in future climate but also due to diverse responses of ecosystems to climate. Projections of ecological transformation alongside information about plausible vegetation trajectories can help land managers explore divergent scenarios and consider how modeled outcomes match their observations. Climate-analog impact models (AIMs) compare environmental information (e.g., vegetation types) between sets of climatically similar locations to infer change and can be used to identify multiple outcomes. We used AIMs to project changes in vegetation across the western United States under a mid-21st century climate scenario, characterize ecological transformation vulnerability based on projection divergence, and demonstrate how AIMs can inform decision-making. We projected high or very high vulnerability to ecological transformation across 29% of the western US, nearly 1 M km</span><sup>2</sup><span>. Vulnerability varied among vegetation groups; 75% of alpine vegetation had high or very high vulnerability vs. 6% of desert scrub. We estimate that 9% of the study area faces a high likelihood of transformation based on combined measures of vulnerability and projection agreement. Transformation at the vegetation type (</span><i>n</i><span> = 50) level is projected for 40% (1.4 M km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) of the study area, based on primary projections. As vegetation shifts towards types supported by a more arid climate, forested area is expected to contract by 9% and subalpine forests specifically by 54%. Elsewhere, vulnerability is low or trajectories are uncertain, implying opportunities for managers to intervene. Dry forests, for example, could be stabilized through vegetation management and intentional fire use. Our findings suggest likely ecological transformations with significant downstream consequences for ecosystem services and natural resources. They are best used within decision-making frameworks that draw on multiple lines of evidence including local expertise and complementary knowledge systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70795","usgsCitation":"Hoecker, T.J., Davis, K.T., Littlefield, C.E., Chandler, J.C., Parks, S.A., Maguire, A., Kemp, K., Yegorova, S., and Dobrowski, S., 2026, Alternative future vegetation pathways reveal potential transformations of western US ecosystems: Global Change Biology, v. 32, no. 3, e70795, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70795.","productDescription":"e70795, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182529","costCenters":[{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70795","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500990,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-104.053249,41.001406],[-102.124972,41.002338],[-102.051292,40.749591],[-102.04192,37.035083],[-102.979613,36.998549],[-103.002247,36.911587],[-103.064423,32.000518],[-106.565142,32.000736],[-106.577244,31.810406],[-106.750547,31.783706],[-108.208394,31.783599],[-108.208573,31.333395],[-111.000643,31.332177],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-117.118868,32.534706],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-119.159554,34.119653],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-120.441975,34.451512],[-120.608355,34.556656],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.873046,35.225688],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.880167,36.950151],[-122.140578,36.97495],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.511983,37.77113],[-122.425942,37.810979],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.144396,37.581866],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.301804,38.105142],[-122.484411,38.11496],[-122.492474,37.82484],[-122.972378,38.020247],[-123.103706,38.415541],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.536073,42.814175],[-124.150267,43.91085],[-123.962887,45.280218],[-123.996766,46.20399],[-123.548194,46.248245],[-124.029924,46.308312],[-124.06842,46.601397],[-123.97083,46.47537],[-123.84621,46.716795],[-124.022413,46.708973],[-124.108078,46.836388],[-123.86018,46.948556],[-124.138035,46.970959],[-124.425195,47.738434],[-124.672427,47.964414],[-124.727022,48.371101],[-123.981032,48.164761],[-122.748911,48.117026],[-122.637425,47.889945],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-122.527593,47.905882],[-122.578211,47.254804],[-122.725738,47.33047],[-122.691771,47.141958],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.863732,47.270221],[-122.67813,47.103866],[-122.364168,47.335953],[-122.429841,47.658919],[-122.230046,47.970917],[-122.425572,48.232887],[-122.358375,48.056133],[-122.512031,48.133931],[-122.424102,48.334346],[-122.689121,48.476849],[-122.425271,48.599522],[-122.796887,48.975026],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-104.053249,41.001406]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.795938,33.962929],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.32446,33.348782],[-118.593969,33.467198],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.66921,48.240614],[-122.400628,48.036563],[-122.419274,47.912125],[-122.744612,48.20965],[-122.664928,48.374823],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.883759,48.418793],[-123.173061,48.579086],[-122.949116,48.693398],[-122.743049,48.661991],[-122.800217,48.60169]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoecker, Tyler J. 0000-0001-8680-8809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8680-8809","contributorId":367051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoecker","given":"Tyler","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":84304,"text":"Vibrant Planet","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Kimberley T. 0000-0001-9727-374X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9727-374X","contributorId":355031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Kimberley","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":84700,"text":"USDA - 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,{"id":70274277,"text":"70274277 - 2026 - Satellite time series analysis to quantify changing climax ciénegas using a state and transition model approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-24T17:12:07.583859","indexId":"70274277","displayToPublicDate":"2026-03-07T10:02:44","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite time series analysis to quantify changing climax ciénegas using a state and transition model approach","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Ciénegas are rare wetlands in arid landscapes of the North American Southwest, historically providing critical ecological and hydrological functions but increasingly threatened by changing climate and land use pressures. This study quantifies changes in ciénega condition and floodplain dynamics using a state-and-transition model (STM) informed by expert knowledge and remote sensing. Key factors include woody plant encroachment, water availability, and soil aggradation. We mapped 31 ciénegas with high-resolution imagery and analyzed Landsat data (1985–2023) to assess vegetation health and moisture using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII). Results show substantial interannual variability in phenology, water stress, and soil moisture, with regional drying and elevation strongly influencing ciénega resilience. We classified ciénegas into three functional states—healthy, desiccated, and dormant—and mapped their 2023 condition. Trend analyses indicate most ciénegas exhibit greening despite drought, though localized variability underscores the need for site-specific management. None are in a stable climax (reference) state; rather, they transition among states in response to external drivers. Increasing woody plant cover and surface drying, likely linked to declining regional water tables, favor deep-rooted species over wetland grasses—a pattern mirrored in adjacent control plots. Spatially explicit analysis revealed intra-ciénega variability often masked by aggregated data, highlighting the importance of high-resolution monitoring. Seasonal and long-term trends provide context for understanding ciénega dynamics, including degradation and restoration pathways. This study emphasizes the importance of groundwater conservation and demonstrates how remote sensing supports long-term monitoring. The STM framework offers a practical tool for adaptive management to sustain freshwater resources in arid environments.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114741","usgsCitation":"Norman, L., Petrakis, R.E., Wilson, N.R., Middleton, B.R., Villarreal, M.L., Pollock, M., Minckley, T.A., and Hendrickson, D., 2026, Satellite time series analysis to quantify changing climax ciénegas using a state and transition model approach: Ecological Indicators, v. 184, 114741, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114741.","productDescription":"114741, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179305","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.114741","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501477,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Sonora","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.05152972005978,\n              33.0768867725987\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.05152972005978,\n              29.88732922369421\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.36301240182003,\n              29.88732922369421\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.36301240182003,\n              33.0768867725987\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.05152972005978,\n              33.0768867725987\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"184","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norman, Laura M. 0000-0002-3696-8406","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-8406","contributorId":203300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petrakis, Roy E. 0000-0001-8932-077X rpetrakis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8932-077X","contributorId":174623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petrakis","given":"Roy","email":"rpetrakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, Natalie R. 0000-0001-5145-1221 nrwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-1221","contributorId":214982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Natalie","email":"nrwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Middleton, Barry R.","contributorId":367728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Middleton","given":"Barry","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36921,"text":"Ret. 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