The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, completed high-resolution multibeam bathymetric surveys to compute new elevation-area-capacity tables for Council Grove Lake and Marion Reservoir, Kansas, and Pine Creek Lake, Oklahoma. Elevation-area-capacity tables identify the relation between the water-surface elevation, surface area, and storage capacity of the lake. The surface areas and storage capacities of each lake were computed from bathymetric surfaces combining multibeam echo sounder data collected in 2024 and light detection and ranging point-cloud data collected in 2016 and 2018.
The U.S. Geological Survey evaluated the stability of water-sample chemical analysis of nutrient, alkalinity, and acid-neutralizing capacity constituents with respect to the duration between sample collection and laboratory analysis, also known as the sample holding time. A study began in the spring of 2023 to evaluate the sample stability, between 2 and 180 days after sample collection, of the chemical properties and chemical constituents of alkalinity as calcium carbonate, filtered; acid-neutralizing capacity as calcium carbonate, unfiltered; total ammonia as nitrogen, filtered; total ammonia plus organic nitrogen as nitrogen, filtered and unfiltered; nitrite as nitrogen, filtered; nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen, filtered; total nitrogen, filtered and unfiltered; orthophosphate as phosphorous, filtered; and total phosphorus as phosphorus (filtered and unfiltered) in water. Both surface water and groundwater matrices were represented.
Sample instability varied by observed property and matrix; therefore, providing general guidance for sample holding time is not possible based on matrices alone. No correlations between field measurements of sample characteristics and sample instability were observed. Although observations for some properties indicate sample stability that exceeds the recognized U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory method holding times, this is not necessarily the case for matrices and seasonal characteristics that were not investigated.
Based on the limited number of six sample sources used in this study, some patterns emerge for the 12 observed properties studied. Five observed properties generally indicate stability for as many as 180 days after sampling (total nitrogen as nitrogen, both filtered and unfiltered; orthophosphate as phosphorus, filtered; and phosphorus as phosphorus, both filtered and unfiltered). Other observed properties indicate stability for as many as 180 days for some matrices, but not for others. Finally, some observed properties indicate instability well before 180 days.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265014","usgsCitation":"Struzeski, T.M., Wetherbee, G.A., and Morrison, J., 2026, Evaluation of nutrient, alkalinity, and acid-neutralizing capacity stabilities in water samples analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory, 2023–24: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5014, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265014.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 36 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-175990","costCenters":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504314,"rank":5,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5014/sir20265014.xml"},{"id":504313,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5014/images"},{"id":504312,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1BRC2GJ","text":"USGS data release","description":"SIR 2026-5014 data release","linkHelpText":"Data for Evaluation of Nutrient, Alkalinity, and Acid Neutralizing Capacity Stabilities in Water Samples Analyzed by the National Water Quality Laboratory -- 2023-2024"},{"id":504311,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5014/sir20265014.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.03 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5014"},{"id":505176,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119485.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":504310,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5014/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":505170,"rank":6,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265014/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5014"}],"contact":"Chief, Quality Systems Branch
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 401
Denver, CO 80225
In 2023–24, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) studied how long different chemical measurements in water samples remain reliable if analysis is delayed after collection. This question became important after the National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) experienced a large backlog of sample analyses causing many samples to be analyzed outside the timeframe required by the NWQL, which affected many USGS studies, some of which were being done for regulatory purposes (such as to meet requirements set by the Environmental Protection Agency). There are specific time frames in place to ensure that analyte concentrations do not change significantly between sampling and the time of analysis. The study focused on those water‑quality measurements that tend to be most affected by delayed analysis including forms of nitrogen and phosphorus (nutrients), alkalinity, and acid‑neutralizing capacity. Because the type of water can affect sample stability, samples used in the study were collected from six separate locations (five streams and one well) from across the United States. Samples were analyzed repeatedly for periods ranging from two days to 180 days after collection. The study found that sample stability depends on what is being measured and on the type of water the measurement comes from. Overall, the study found that some analyses performed after the required timeframe can still be useful, but data quality depends on the specific chemical measurement, the water type, and the intended use of the data.
","publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Struzeski, Tedmund M. 0009-0007-4598-6263","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4598-6263","contributorId":331350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Struzeski","given":"Tedmund M.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wetherbee, Gregory A. 0000-0002-6720-2294","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-2294","contributorId":202919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"Gregory A.","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morrison, Jonathan 0000-0002-1756-4609","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1756-4609","contributorId":241080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70276445,"text":"sir20265019 - 2026 - Spatial and temporal trends of mercury in fish from Duck Valley Reservation Reservoirs, southwestern Idaho and northern Nevada, 2007–24","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-08T16:38:33.093469","indexId":"sir20265019","displayToPublicDate":"2026-06-08T11:51:31","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5019","displayTitle":"Spatial and Temporal Trends of Mercury in Fish from Duck Valley Reservation Reservoirs, Southwestern Idaho and Northern Nevada, 2007–24","title":"Spatial and temporal trends of mercury in fish from Duck Valley Reservation Reservoirs, southwestern Idaho and northern Nevada, 2007–24","docAbstract":"The Shoshone-Paiute (Sho-Pai) Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation, Nevada, manage reservoirs that support commercial and recreational activities, including robust Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) fisheries that attract anglers year-round. Reservoirs are common environments for methylation and bioaccumulation of mercury, which is a potent neurotoxin when elevated levels are consumed. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Sho-Pai Tribes, measured total mercury concentrations in the muscle tissue of rainbow trout from three Reservation reservoirs in Idaho and Nevada in 2007, 2009, 2013, and 2024. This report highlights spatial and temporal trends of mercury concentrations in rainbow trout in the Duck Valley Reservation reservoirs from 2007 through 2024, and presents limited data on other commonly consumed species, specifically Perca flavescens (yellow perch), Micropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass), and Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass). Mercury data are also presented for nearby sites and lower trophic level species. In 2024, two fish sampling methods were used and compared: biopsy muscle plugs and muscle fillets. Results show good agreement between mercury concentrations of biopsy and fillet muscle samples taken from the same fish, with most sample pairs differing by less than 20 percent, though biopsied fish had an unexpectedly high mortality rate. Mercury concentrations increased in Sheep Creek Reservoir during the study period, but no significant trend was observed in Mountain View Reservoir or Lake Billy Shaw. Only 1 rainbow trout out of 160 sampled in the Reservation reservoirs during the study period exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s recommended methylmercury criterion of 0.3 milligram per kilogram of wet weight (mg/kg ww). Largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, and yellow perch had higher mercury concentrations than rainbow trout and may pose a greater risk to consumers. Mercury concentrations in largemouth bass exceeded 0.3 mg/kg ww, although only two fish were sampled, both from Sheep Creek Reservoir. Fish consumption advisories on Tribal lands are determined by the Tribes, and these results may help Sho-Pai managers determine the mercury exposure risk to Tribal members and visiting anglers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265019","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation","usgsCitation":"Murray, E.M., 2026, Spatial and temporal trends of mercury in fish from Duck Valley Reservation Reservoirs, southwestern Idaho and northern Nevada, 2007–24: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5019, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265019.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 19 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-167114","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505034,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P143FH5Q","text":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Mercury concentrations in fish and macroinvertebrates from the Duck Valley Reservation and nearby waters, southwestern Idaho and northern Nevada, 2007–2024"},{"id":505033,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5019/images"},{"id":505025,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5019/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":505030,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5019/sir20265019.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5019 PDF"},{"id":505031,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265019/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2025-5019 HTML"},{"id":505032,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5019/sir20265019.XML","description":"SIR 2026-5019 XML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Duck Valley Reservation reservoirs","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116,\n 42.15\n ],\n [\n -116.35,\n 42.15\n ],\n [\n -116.35,\n 41.8\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 41.8\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 42.15\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Rd.
Boise, Idaho 83702-4520
Flood-frequency analysis is based on records of annual maximum instantaneous flows observed at long-term streamgages with 10 years or more of operation. Since the last flood-frequency analysis in Nebraska, an additional 30 years of annual peak-flow data have become available, and new flood-frequency analysis techniques have been developed. Moreover, the Elkhorn River Basin in north-central and eastern Nebraska has experienced two of the three highest magnitude floods on record in 2010 and 2019. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Nebraska Department of Transportation, analyzed flow frequency at streamgages in the Elkhorn River Basin in Nebraska.
Flow data from the U.S. Geological Survey and the Nebraska Department of Water, Energy, and Environment annual hydrographic reports were utilized to analyze peak flows. The Peak flow FreQuency (PeakFQ) software was used to perform a flood-frequency and nonstationarity analysis on the selected streamgages in the Elkhorn River Basin in Nebraska. Results of the peak-flow nonstationarity analysis indicate that, of the 23 streamgages analyzed for peak-flow frequency, 4 showed trends that were likely increasing for annual peak flows, whereas 3 indicated trends that were somewhat likely to be increasing. For 11 streamgages, the trend was categorized as about as likely as not, meaning there is less than a 70-percent chance of the trend being either upward or downward. Additionally, 2 streamgages exhibited trends that were somewhat likely to be decreasing, and 3 streamgages showed trends that were likely decreasing.
Low-flow streamflows and nonstationarity in the Elkhorn River Basin were analyzed for low flow periods representing the 1-day, 7-day, and 30-day flows at 21 streamgages using the Hydrologic Toolbox software. Spatially, the nonstationarity analysis results indicated likely increasing or somewhat increasing trend likelihoods for the 1-day, 7-day, and 30-day low flows for many of the Elkhorn streamgages downstream from the Elkhorn River at Ewing, Nebr., streamgage (U.S. Geological Survey station 06797500) and on eastern tributaries during the period of record.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265004","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Nebraska Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Strauch, K.R., and Dietsch, B.J., 2026, Magnitude and frequency of peak and low flows in the Elkhorn River Basin, Nebraska, 1881–2022: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5004, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265004.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.; 2 Appendix Tables; Data Release","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-156799","costCenters":[{"id":84311,"text":"Central Plains Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505177,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119486.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":504752,"rank":7,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5004/images/"},{"id":504751,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9SLKHD1","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data in support of flow frequency report—Magnitude and frequency of peak and low flows in the Elkhorn River Basin, Nebraska, 1881–2022"},{"id":504750,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5004/downloads/","text":"Tables 1.1 and 1.2","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"}},{"id":504749,"rank":4,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265004/full","description":"SIR 2026–5004 HTML"},{"id":504748,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5004/sir20265004.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"SIR 2026–5004 XML"},{"id":504747,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5004/sir20265004.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026–5004 PDF"},{"id":504746,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5004/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Elkhorn River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -100,\n 43\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Plains Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5231 South 19th Street
Lincoln, NE 68512
This study compared the efficacy of a benthic mat alone with carbon dioxide infusion under a mat for killing Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) (zebra mussel). Three sites were selected in Loon Lake, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Benzie County, Michigan, for replication of reference, benthic mat, and carbon dioxide mat treatments. Within a site, three 4-meter (m) x 4-m plots were delineated for each treatment and a reference. Pretreatment samples were collected to estimate zebra mussel density and macroinvertebrate community composition in reference plots. Zebra mussels (about 360) from outside of the treatment plots were caged and placed in the plots before treatment. Benthic mats (4.25 m x 4.25 m; polyethylene with a vinyl coating) were anchored on the lake bottom with sandbags and weights. Carbon dioxide was infused under a mat of the same material to a maximum of 200 milligrams per liter (mg/L; pH=6.13) every 2–4 hours, for about 12 hours. Benthic and carbon dioxide mats were deployed for 5 days. One day after mat removal, we assessed mortality of resident and sentinel caged zebra mussels and macroinvertebrate community abundance and diversity in each plot. Average pH (as a proxy for carbon dioxide) under the carbon dioxide mats was between 6.38 and 6.80, equivalent to 170.5 and 103.0 mg/L carbon dioxide, respectively. In the posttreatment survey, few zebra mussels were observed in the benthic mat and carbon dioxide treatment plots compared to the reference plots; survival was lowest in the carbon dioxide plots. Mortality of sentinel caged mussels was greater than 80 percent in carbon dioxide treatments compared to mean mortalities of 20.6 percent and 12.7 percent in the benthic mat and reference plots, respectively. Macroinvertebrate community total abundance was lower in both mat treatments compared to reference plots, but diversity was comparable among all treatments. Our study demonstrated that carbon dioxide treatment near 200 mg/L could produce greater than 80-percent mortality of zebra mussels within 5 days. Refinement of the carbon dioxide mat and delivery system could increase spatial coverage of the treatment and broaden its use to other habitats.
","largerWorkTitle":"USGS Open-File Report","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20261019","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and Invasive Mussel Collaborative","usgsCitation":"Waller, D.L., Erickson, R.A., Wise, J.K., Meulemans, M.J., Morris, B.E.C., Severson, T.J., and Barbour, M.T., 2026, Open water control of invasive mussels using benthic mats—Part 1, short-term infusion of carbon dioxide under a mat: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2026–1019, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20261019.","productDescription":"Report: viii; 22 p.; Data Release; Software Release","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-178968","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504978,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1019/ofr20261019.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2026-1019"},{"id":504976,"rank":5,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13JUBYH","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Analysis of open water control of invasive mussels using benthic mats. Part 1—Short-term infusion of carbon dioxide under a mat"},{"id":504971,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1019/images"},{"id":505124,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13NC3TU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Evaluation of benthic barrier layers/tarps for open water control of invasive mussels in 2024 in Loon Lake, Benzie Co., Michigan, USA"},{"id":504969,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1019/ofr20261019.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"OFR 2026-1019 XML"},{"id":504966,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1019/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":504968,"rank":2,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20261019/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2026-1019 HTML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Benzie County","otherGeospatial":"Loon Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.1304036738387,\n 44.70904195515499\n ],\n [\n -86.12565959497928,\n 44.70904195515499\n ],\n [\n -86.12565959497928,\n 44.70471858100336\n ],\n [\n -86.1304036738387,\n 44.70471858100336\n ],\n [\n -86.1304036738387,\n 44.70904195515499\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2630 Fanta Reed Road
La Crosse, Wisconsin 54603
Quantifying and projecting the downstream benefits of water stored in lakes and wetlands (SWstorage) requires watershed hydrologic models, which often parameterize surface water storage in topographic depressions using static digital elevation model (DEM) data. Calibration and validation of modeled SWstorage dynamics using external data sets is uncommon, particularly across major river basins, with model calibration typically focused on observed discharge. Here, we develop and assess a novel remote sensing-based (RS) SWstorage data set (Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2) for verifying simulated SWstorage estimates from a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model of the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB; ∼440,000 km2). Our results suggest that static DEM-based parameterization as well as model calibration based solely on discharge do not adequately capture spatial and temporal SWstorage dynamics in the UMRB. Mean SWstorage as estimated by SWAT was 74% ± 122% (mean ± standard deviation) higher than RS SWstorage, where SWstorage in SWAT was underestimated in wetland-rich subbasins and overestimated in agricultural, tile-drained subbasins. Time series of SWAT SWstorage and RS SWstorage were positively correlated in only 38.8% of subbasins. As RS SWstorage is also vulnerable to error, storage estimates were compared to bathymetric data in select small wetlands. While uncertainty remains in the conversion from extent to storage for RS SWstorage, the method and data set presented here are a promising option for improved parameterization and calibration of SWstorage processes in SWAT and other process-based hydrologic models. Further consideration of these storage processes can potentially improve the accuracy of simulated streamflow in wetland-rich model domains.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025WR040206","usgsCitation":"Dolan, W., Vanderhoof, M.K., Christensen, J.R., Golden, H.E., Lane, C.R., Rajib, A., Keenan, W., Zheng, Q., and Khare, A., 2026, Remotely sensed surface water storage shows distinct patterns from SWAT-simulated data: Water Resources Research, v. 62, no. 6, e2025WR040206, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR040206.","productDescription":"e2025WR040206, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-175550","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, South Dakota, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.9088108,\n 44.6284877\n ],\n [\n -86.7385234,\n 41.587393\n ],\n [\n -89.9700712,\n 38.3215153\n ],\n [\n -95.2047886,\n 42.7793981\n ],\n [\n -97.7322805,\n 45.1743925\n ],\n [\n -95.1189109,\n 47.5157703\n ],\n [\n -93.9118523,\n 46.800896\n ],\n [\n -89.1539577,\n 44.8972483\n ],\n [\n -91.2125251,\n 43.1136036\n ],\n [\n -91.4028634,\n 43.1633275\n ],\n [\n -91.4813002,\n 43.3107314\n ],\n [\n -95.9088108,\n 44.6284877\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dolan, Wayana 0000-0001-8405-4302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8405-4302","contributorId":354442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolan","given":"Wayana","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christensen, Jay R. 0000-0003-4961-6132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4961-6132","contributorId":372019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Jay","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":88243,"text":"EPA Office of Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Golden, Heather E.","contributorId":364787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golden","given":"Heather","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13226,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lane, Charles R. 0000-0003-0066-8919","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-8919","contributorId":372020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lane","given":"Charles","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":88243,"text":"EPA Office of Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rajib, Adnan","contributorId":365158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rajib","given":"Adnan","affiliations":[{"id":50034,"text":"University of Texas, Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Keenan, William","contributorId":365156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keenan","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zheng, Qianjin 0000-0002-9535-472X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9535-472X","contributorId":372022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Qianjin","affiliations":[{"id":12734,"text":"University of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Khare, Arushi","contributorId":366982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khare","given":"Arushi","affiliations":[{"id":50034,"text":"University of Texas, Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70276562,"text":"70276562 - 2026 - PFAS remediation in a bioelectrochemical system inoculated with the west branch consortium (WBC-2)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-09T15:12:13.615374","indexId":"70276562","displayToPublicDate":"2026-06-08T08:07:57","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":24805,"text":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"PFAS remediation in a bioelectrochemical system inoculated with the west branch consortium (WBC-2)","docAbstract":"Groundwater contamination by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) poses a persistent environmental and public health concern. This study evaluates a two-chambered bioelectrochemical system (BES) inoculated with the West Branch Consortium (WBC-2) for PFAS remediation. Under an applied cathodic potential of −450 mV (versus Ag/AgCl), the BES with active WBC-2 achieved >99.0% perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) removal within 21 days in deionized water with culture medium and > 98.9% removal of PFOS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) in contaminated groundwater after 102 days. Intermediate formation (e.g., PFOA, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS), perfluoropropionic acid (PFPrA), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA)) and background-corrected fluoride release were consistent with PFOS transformation under anaerobic reducing conditions potentially involving defluorination. Following repeated PFOS spikes (100 μg/L on Days 0, 50, and 399), PFOA, PFPrA, and PFBA accumulated over 664 days. Despite being the dominant accumulated compound, PFOA accounted for <1.8% of the total spiked PFOS mass. Minimal PFOS transformation occurred in controls without active WBC-2, highlighting the importance of microbial metabolism. Biofilm analysis revealed dense colonization of rod-shaped bacteria on carbon fiber brushes. Enrichment of Bacillus, Agrobacterium, and other low-abundance taxa suggests selective adaptation to BES and PFAS conditions. These findings highlight BES driven by electrochemically stimulated microbial activity as a promising strategy for PFAS remediation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.110325","usgsCitation":"Yang, H., Lorah, M.M., Bender, K.S., Xia, C., Sun, J., and Liu, J., 2026, PFAS remediation in a bioelectrochemical system inoculated with the west branch consortium (WBC-2): Journal of Water Process Engineering, v. 89, 110325 , 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.110325.","productDescription":"110325 , 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179739","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505233,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, Haoran 0009-0008-7388-9214","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7388-9214","contributorId":372037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Haoran","affiliations":[{"id":85556,"text":"Southern Illinois University Carbondale","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorah, Michelle M. 0000-0002-9236-587X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-587X","contributorId":216751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorah","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bender, Kelly S. 0000-0002-0025-2166","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0025-2166","contributorId":372039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bender","given":"Kelly","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":85556,"text":"Southern Illinois University Carbondale","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xia, Chunjie 0000-0002-2497-1907","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2497-1907","contributorId":372040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xia","given":"Chunjie","affiliations":[{"id":15309,"text":"University of Maryland Baltimore County","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sun, Jiasi 0000-0003-4282-2988","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-2988","contributorId":372041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Jiasi","affiliations":[{"id":35028,"text":"Washington University in St. Louis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, Jia","contributorId":194205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Jia","affiliations":[{"id":26877,"text":"Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70276398,"text":"fs20263002 - 2026 - Arizona Water Science Center activities at Lees Ferry, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-08T17:29:10.55739","indexId":"fs20263002","displayToPublicDate":"2026-06-03T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-3002","displayTitle":"Arizona Water Science Center Activities at Lees Ferry, Arizona","title":"Arizona Water Science Center activities at Lees Ferry, Arizona","docAbstract":"In 1921, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established a streamgage on the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona, to monitor the river’s flow and level as it enters Grand Canyon. The following year, the seven States encompassing the Colorado River Basin (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming) negotiated the 1922 Colorado River Compact to regulate distribution of the river’s waters between them. The compact divided the basin into two regions—the Upper Basin and the Lower Basin—and established the dividing point between them about one mile downstream from Lees Ferry, just below the confluence of the Colorado and Paria Rivers.
The Colorado River at Lees Ferry streamgage (USGS station 09380000) is one of the most important streamgages in the United States because it is used to measure how much water passes from the Upper Basin to the Lower Basin through Glen Canyon Dam. The dam, constructed between 1956 and 1966, generates hydropower and stores water in Lake Powell reservoir, which is used to provide Upper and Lower Basin states with the water allotted to them by the compact. Lower Basin states depend on releases from the dam to receive their allotments. The Lees Ferry streamgage, located less than 16 miles downstream from Glen Canyon Dam, produces publicly available, real-time water data that allows the Colorado River’s streamflow below the dam to be monitored.
Most years, the Colorado River runs dry before reaching its historical terminus at the Gulf of California in Mexico, so measuring and monitoring the river at Lees Ferry is critical for the Lower Basin ecosystems, agricultural resources, and municipal industries that rely on the river’s every drop. Additionally, Grand Canyon river guides and recreationalists depend on water level data from the Lees Ferry streamgage to determine when to run rapids and camp on sandbars. Streamflow and water-quality data collected at Lees Ferry are also important for monitoring the health of the Colorado River’s aquatic life because some species, including fish and macroinvertebrates, require certain water conditions to survive, reproduce, and spawn.
The Arizona Water Science Center is responsible for maintaining and collecting water data from the Lees Ferry streamgage. The Arizona Water Science Center is a branch of the USGS dedicated to providing high quality, impartial water data to resource managers and the public for their use in understanding and managing critical water resources in Arizona and the Southwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20263002","usgsCitation":"Cooney, K., 2026, Arizona Water Science Center activities at Lees Ferry, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2026–3002, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20263002.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-168012","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505175,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119483.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":504982,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2026/3002/fs20263002.XML","linkFileType":{"id":8,"text":"xml"},"description":"FS 2026–3002 XML"},{"id":504981,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20263002/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2026–3002 HTML"},{"id":504983,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2026/3002/images"},{"id":504980,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2026/3002/fs20263002.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2026–3002 PDF"},{"id":504979,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2026/3002/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Lees Ferry","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.37564572779584,\n 36.99849467623304\n ],\n [\n -111.65910481382933,\n 36.99849467623304\n ],\n [\n -111.65910481382933,\n 36.827943533328465\n ],\n [\n -111.37564572779584,\n 36.827943533328465\n ],\n [\n -111.37564572779584,\n 36.99849467623304\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue, Suite 221
Tucson, AZ 85719
Changing rainfall patterns and intensifying rainfall extremes affect urban infrastructure and can increase flash-flood risk. Understanding how climate change has altered rainfall can support state and local agencies as they adapt and build resiliency. In this study, rainfall data from 23 weather stations in Florida were used to examine temporal and spatial trends over the period 1990–2022. Subdaily to daily rainfall events of durations 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h were examined. A variety of statistical methods were applied to examine annual and seasonal trends, including quantile regression, extreme value analysis, run theory using the Mann–Kendall test, Sen–Theil slope, and Poisson and negative binomial tests, and threshold exceedance rates using generalized additive models. Using subdaily rainfall data posed challenges, including equipment failures, limited documentation of the quality assurance and control process, and potential measurement interferences. Results indicated that over 1990–2022, there was a decrease in hourly rainfall extremes but an increase at moderate quantiles. Overall, the number of rainfall events increased, particularly at shorter durations, but the mean total rainfall per event decreased. Additionally, the annual number of daily rainfall extremes showed more decreases than increases.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JHM-D-25-0112.1","usgsCitation":"Haider, S., Irizarry-Ortiz, M.M., Obeysekera, J.T., Maran, A.C., Solaiman, T., and Johnston, B.D., 2026, Trends in subdaily to daily rainfall in Florida, 1990–2022: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 27, no. 6, p. 847-865, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-25-0112.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"847","endPage":"865","ipdsId":"IP-175860","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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0000-0002-7038-1668","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-1668","contributorId":371820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Obeysekera","given":"Jayantha","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7017,"text":"Florida International University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maran, Ana C.","contributorId":371821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maran","given":"Ana","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7036,"text":"South Florida Water Management District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Solaiman, Tarana","contributorId":371822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solaiman","given":"Tarana","affiliations":[{"id":7036,"text":"South Florida Water Management 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Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Co-occurrence of pesticides and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) across Zostera marina (common eelgrass) communities","title":"Co-occurrence of pesticides and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) across Zostera marina (common eelgrass) communities","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic pressures are driving changes in eelgrass communities, which are altering baseline conditions in estuarine environments. Field detections have validated the transport of land-sourced pollutants to aquatic systems; however, studies rarely sample concurrently for pesticides, and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) across environmental compartments. Moreover, studies on contaminant uptake by eelgrass and associated species are even more limited. In collaboration with the Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians (CTCLUSI), this study collected samples of water, eelgrass, clams, and sediment at sites of Tribal significance in Southern Oregon to test for organic contaminants (i.e., herbicides and pharmaceuticals). Paired sampling was conducted for analysis by the CTCLUSI in tandem with the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in order for the Tribe to develop analytical standards for future sampling efforts. Ten pesticides and eight pharmaceuticals were detected across the four sites, with the highest number of overall detections (27) at the Florence Marina site. The insecticide bifenthrin was most frequently detected across all media (0.012–1.565 μg/g organic carbon in sediment, 2.7–30 ng/g in organismal tissue) and the anti-diabetic agent metformin was the most detected PPCP in clam tissues (1.33–3.78 ng/g). Pesticides and PPCPs were observed to co-occur in eelgrass habitats, with numerous pesticide detections across media types. These findings demonstrate numerous routes of exposure for estuarine organisms which could be addressed with pharmaceutical disposal strategies or pesticide use restrictions near these habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.119908","usgsCitation":"Tissot, A.G., Niessner, J.C., Granek, E.F., Brown, K., and Hladik, M.L., 2026, Co-occurrence of pesticides and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) across Zostera marina (common eelgrass) communities: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 231, 119908, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.119908.","productDescription":"119908, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179711","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Coos Bay estuary, Siuslaw River estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.24478795433298,\n 43.43457841847609\n ],\n [\n -124.3973913382971,\n 43.43457841847609\n ],\n [\n -124.3973913382971,\n 43.2765459832344\n ],\n [\n -124.24478795433298,\n 43.2765459832344\n ],\n [\n -124.24478795433298,\n 43.43457841847609\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.1162674030572,\n 43.99953029917708\n ],\n [\n -124.0308931847648,\n 43.99953029917708\n ],\n [\n -124.0308931847648,\n 43.95215009258666\n ],\n [\n -124.1162674030572,\n 43.95215009258666\n ],\n [\n -124.1162674030572,\n 43.99953029917708\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"231","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tissot, Alexandra G.","contributorId":371617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tissot","given":"Alexandra","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niessner, Janet C.","contributorId":371618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niessner","given":"Janet","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":88193,"text":"Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua, and Siuslaw Indians","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Granek, Elise F.","contributorId":371619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Granek","given":"Elise","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Kimberly","contributorId":371620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Kimberly","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0891-2712","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":221229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70276457,"text":"70276457 - 2026 - Future water constraints on United States lithium mining under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-05T13:48:19.979755","indexId":"70276457","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-28T08:43:26","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8956,"text":"Communications Earth & Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Future water constraints on United States lithium mining under climate change","docAbstract":"Lithium is necessary for low-carbon technologies that combat climate change, but lithium extraction is water-intensive. Changes in temperature and precipitation arising from climate change are altering water distribution, which could further strain supplies for new mines and industry, farms, and households. Here we explored how climate change, water use, and mining siting could impact lithium mining in the United States. We analyzed whether there would be sufficient water available to support the single existing and 22 proposed U.S. lithium mines at mid-century under four socioeconomic-climate scenarios and five climate models. Though dependent on socioeconomic-climate scenario, climate model, and lithium deposit type, available water supply in most subbasins would likely be unable to support new mines’ water demands, or even non-mining water demands from other sectors. Water scarcity could hinder the ability of the United States to produce enough lithium to meet domestic demand thereby necessitating higher imports.
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Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunn, Jennifer B. 0000-0002-2065-5106","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2065-5106","contributorId":371832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Jennifer","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":25254,"text":"Northwestern University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70276319,"text":"70276319 - 2026 - Geochemical, mineralogical, and isotopic evidence for multi-stage genesis of the Hicks Dome REE + Y-HFSE-fluorite deposit, Illinois, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-28T14:13:31.247592","indexId":"70276319","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-27T09:02:02","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2954,"text":"Ore Geology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical, mineralogical, and isotopic evidence for multi-stage genesis of the Hicks Dome REE + Y-HFSE-fluorite deposit, Illinois, USA","docAbstract":"Hicks Dome hosts breccias enriched in rare earth elements (REE), Y, Th, F, Ba, Ti, Nb, and Be, alongside spatially associated lamprophyre dikes (ca. 271 Ma). Hicks Dome is located within the Illinois–Kentucky Fluorspar District, which hosts fluorite, Pb–Zn, and barite resources. This study investigates the genetic relationships between Hicks Dome mineralization in breccias, alkaline magmatism, and Illinois–Kentucky Fluorspar District mineralization. Lamprophyre dikes are light REE–enriched with chondrite-normalized abundances decreasing from La to Lu. The Host Breccia exhibits middle and heavy REE–enriched patterns that mirror those of the principal REE–Th host minerals, including fluorapatite, xenotime, and thorite. Textural evidence suggests recrystallization of phosphates, sulfates, and Ti–Nb oxides in the Host Breccia. U–Pb geochronology constrains multiple mineralizing events, with ages of 277 ± 18 Ma from low-Th apatite interpreted as main-stage mineralization, and 121.6 ± 9.7 Ma from high-Th apatite indicating later overprinting. O–H–C stable isotope data provide evidence for multiple stages of fluid-rock interaction and fluid mixing: (1) early magmatic fluids dissolved limestone country rock, (2) mixing between magmatic fluids and basinal brines led to main-stage mineralization in the Host Breccia, and (3) late-stage mineralization occurred following mixing of meteoric water and basinal brine. These results indicate that heavy REEs, high field strength elements, and fluorine precipitated proximal to its alkaline magmatic source because of fluid–rock interactions and fluid mixing. Subsequent fluid mixing drove late-stage recrystallization and additional fluorite formation, a process that may be similar to mineralization in the Illinois-Kentucky Fluorspar District.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2026.107328","usgsCitation":"McIntosh, J.A., Andersen, A.K., Bennett, M.M., Thompson, J.M., Johnson, C.A., Hofstra, A.H., and Nuelle, L., 2026, Geochemical, mineralogical, and isotopic evidence for multi-stage genesis of the Hicks Dome REE + Y-HFSE-fluorite deposit, Illinois, USA: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 194, 107328, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2026.107328.","productDescription":"107328, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-180590","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2026.107328","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504772,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Hicks Dome","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.383333,\n 37.55\n ],\n [\n -88.3,\n 37.55\n ],\n [\n -88.3,\n 37.466667\n ],\n [\n -88.383333,\n 37.466667\n ],\n [\n -88.383333,\n 37.55\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"194","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntosh, Julia A. 0000-0003-2819-8664","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2819-8664","contributorId":331662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, Allen K. 0000-0002-6865-2561","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-2561","contributorId":217476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, Mitchell M. 0000-0001-9533-9557 mbennett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-9557","contributorId":199379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Mitchell","email":"mbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Jay M. 0000-0003-3322-0870","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-0870","contributorId":329664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Jay","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nuelle, Laurence","contributorId":371609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nuelle","given":"Laurence","affiliations":[{"id":88191,"text":"Hicks Dome LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70275747,"text":"sir20265010 - 2026 - Continuous and high-resolution longitudinal profiles of the water surface and riverbed elevation for 282 miles of the Colorado River from Lees Ferry to Pearce Ferry, Arizona, 2021","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-26T18:25:26.706081","indexId":"sir20265010","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-26T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5010","displayTitle":"Continuous and High-Resolution Longitudinal Profiles of the Water Surface and Riverbed Elevation for 282 Miles of the Colorado River From Lees Ferry To Pearce Ferry, Arizona, 2021","title":"Continuous and high-resolution longitudinal profiles of the water surface and riverbed elevation for 282 miles of the Colorado River from Lees Ferry to Pearce Ferry, Arizona, 2021","docAbstract":"Longitudinal profiles of water surface and riverbed elevations capture key geomorphic characteristics that can be affected by water infrastructure and natural processes. Continuous water surface profiles of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, a river influenced by two of the largest dams in the United States, have been measured infrequently. The water surface profile was first measured in 1923, 13 years before the completion of Hoover Dam, which impounded water into western Grand Canyon, and 40 years before the completion of Glen Canyon Dam, which affected streamflow and sediment supply for all of Grand Canyon. The water surface profile was next measured in 2000, 37 years after the completion of Glen Canyon Dam, although this profile did not include the segment affected by Hoover Dam. A continuous profile of riverbed elevations has never been published. Here, we present the first complete, coupled water surface and riverbed elevation profiles, collected in 2021 during a period of steady releases from Glen Canyon Dam. The profiles were constructed from positions and elevations measured by boat-based global navigation satellite systems and from bathymetry collected by multibeam sonar. Data collected by boat were supplemented by data from a photogrammetry-derived digital surface model that was created from concurrently collected aerial images. Independent measurements made by conventional total stations referenced to a common geodetic control network were used to evaluate accuracy of all measurements. The final water surface and riverbed elevation profiles improved the accuracy and precision reported for previous profiles. In this study, the mean absolute vertical accuracy of water surface elevations was 0.07 meter for 85 percent of river miles and 0.19 meter for 11 percent of river miles. For the remaining 4 percent of river miles, water surface elevations were interpolated between measured values. The profiles reported herein can be used for current assessment of Colorado River geomorphic conditions, quantification of changes in the river over time, and predictive modeling of river resources for potential future management scenarios.quantification of changes in the river over time, and predictive modeling of river resources for potential future management scenarios.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265010","usgsCitation":"Sartain, S.L., Kaplinski, M.A., Kohl, K., Chapman, K.A., Bransky, N.D., Sankey, J.B., and Grams, P.E., 2026, Continuous and high-resolution longitudinal profiles of the water surface and riverbed elevation for 282 miles of the Colorado River from Lees Ferry to Pearce Ferry, Arizona, 2021: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5010, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265010.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 40 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-179784","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504710,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119446.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":504453,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5010/sir20265010.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.81 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5010 PDF"},{"id":504457,"rank":2,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265010/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5010 HTML"},{"id":504458,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5010/sir20265010.XML","description":"SIR 2026-5010 XML"},{"id":504459,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5010/images"},{"id":504460,"rank":5,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5010/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":504461,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P135FNFM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Continuous and high-resolution profiles of the water surface and riverbed elevation for 282 miles of the Colorado River from Lees Ferry to Pearce Ferry, AZ, 2021—Data"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.415697136473,\n 36.90189262731032\n ],\n [\n -114.01161104871596,\n 36.90189262731032\n ],\n [\n -114.01161104871596,\n 35.51758910449131\n ],\n [\n -111.415697136473,\n 35.51758910449131\n ],\n [\n -111.415697136473,\n 36.90189262731032\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Southwest Biological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Drive
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
We measured the elevation of 282 miles of the water surface and riverbed of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, from Lees Ferry, Arizona, to Pearce Ferry, Ariz. We collected water surface and riverbed elevations during a period of steady releases from Glen Canyon Dam in 2021. We used multiple, concurrent methods to measure the elevation of the water surface and assessed error for each measurement method to use the most accurate data possible in the final elevation profile. The final water surface profile is measured to the centimeter every river hundredth mile, with vertical uncertainty less than or equal to 0.07 meter for 85 percent of the river and less than or equal to 0.19 meter for the remainder of the river. We collected bathymetry of the river centerline everywhere possible, which did not include rapids and shallow areas. This study is the third measurement of a complete water surface profile; the first was collected in 1923, 40 years before Glen Canyon Dam was completed, and the second was collected in 2000, 37 years after Glen Canyon Dam was completed. A continuous riverbed profile had not been collected previously.
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Hydrology relies on observational data, and this paper discusses regional and national datasets for the conterminous United States (CONUS) publicly available as of 2023, focusing on headwaters, defined as first- and second-order streams at 1:24000 scale. It identifies 72 primary and secondary datasets and 11 repositories and argues how better integration and accessibility of hydrological data can improve research. The paper distinguishes between datasets where streamflow was the primary data collection objective and those where it was secondary. This distinction highlights opportunities to consider data from efforts peripheral to hydrology but is still useful for understanding hydrologic conditions. The analysis reveals that out of about 118 000 active and inactive stream observation sites, about 6.6% and 25% are located on first- and second-order streams, respectively. This indicates a substantial data gap for headwater systems, which account for over 77% of stream length in CONUS. Federal agencies manage 72% of hydrologic monitoring sites across all stream orders, but only 34% of these are in headwater systems. Academic institutions operate about 2% of sites, with almost half (48%) in headwater systems, focusing on ecosystem research. State agencies also operate about 2% of sites, primarily on larger systems, with 19% on headwaters. Additionally, 23% of sites are managed by multiple agencies. Spatial patterns further reveal pronounced disparities among physiographic regions. Eastern and coastal provinces show relatively dense monitoring, while central and western regions show sparse coverage. These gaps reflect historical priorities, logistical constraints, funding limitations, and the high cost of continuous instrumentation. To address biases in monitoring networks, data collection could be enhanced with low-cost monitoring, community science, and remote sensing technologies. This study also notes the benefits of long-term monitoring and prioritizing retention of streamgages with longer records.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.70572","usgsCitation":"Sando, R., Jaeger, K., Kelleher, C., Hammond, J., Christensen, J.R., Segura, C., Golden, H.E., Cheng, F.Y., Husic, A., Jones, C.N., Lane, C.R., Li, L., Mahoney, D.T., McMillan, H., Price, A.N., Seybold, E.C., Ward, A., Zimmer, M., and Pestana, S.J., 2026, Streamflow and surface-water presence data availability across the conterminous United States: A review for headwater systems: Hydrological Processes, v. 40, no. 5, e70572, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.70572.","productDescription":"e70572, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-181989","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": 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Tyler 0000-0003-0523-508X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-508X","contributorId":304419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahoney","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":66062,"text":"University of Louisville","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McMillan, Hillary 0000-0002-9330-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9330-9730","contributorId":215266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMillan","given":"Hillary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Price, Adam N. 0000-0002-7211-4758","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-4758","contributorId":295971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":27155,"text":"University of California Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Seybold, Erin C. 0000-0002-0365-2333","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0365-2333","contributorId":340201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seybold","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":35641,"text":"Kansas Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Ward, Adam 0000-0002-6376-0061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-0061","contributorId":296003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40154,"text":"Indiana University Bloomington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Zimmer, Margaret 0000-0001-8287-1923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8287-1923","contributorId":225158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmer","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[{"id":41054,"text":"Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Pestana, Steven James 0000-0003-3360-0996","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-0996","contributorId":371828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pestana","given":"Steven","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70276275,"text":"70276275 - 2026 - Tracking toxins: A pilot investigation of cyanotoxins in north-central Tennessee’s surface waters and wells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-26T14:02:41.487505","indexId":"70276275","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-22T08:56:58","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":21640,"text":"Toxins","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking toxins: A pilot investigation of cyanotoxins in north-central Tennessee’s surface waters and wells","docAbstract":"Cyanobacterial toxins (cyanotoxins) threaten aquatic ecosystems and human health, yet the factors influencing their production and distribution in freshwater remain unclear. In north-central Tennessee, nutrient-rich runoff from agricultural and urban areas, combined with a karst landscape that supports drinking and recreational water use, heightens the need to understand cyanotoxin behavior. To examine cyanotoxin patterns, the U.S. Geological Survey and the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation monitored 18 sites, including two wells under the influence of surface water, every two weeks from September 2022 to November 2024. At least one cyanotoxin was detected at all sites, with the highest concentrations in deep reservoirs and lower levels in shallow systems. Most detections occurred during summer and fall, aligning with high temperatures and rapid-onset drought. Statistical analysis indicated that increased specific conductivity and pH raised the likelihood of detecting total microcystin, likely resulting from drought conditions and nutrient-laden runoff. Additionally, dissolved microcystin showed an inverse relationship with Cumberland River water levels, and principal component analysis showed that Secchi depth, chlorophyll a, pH, temperature, and conductivity explained most water quality variability. These results help increase understanding of cyanotoxin distribution and associated water quality conditions during detections to guide future freshwater cyanotoxin monitoring studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/toxins18060239","usgsCitation":"Hill, K., Jaegge, A., Moore, D.M., and Byl, T.D., 2026, Tracking toxins: A pilot investigation of cyanotoxins in north-central Tennessee’s surface waters and wells: Toxins, v. 18, no. 6, 239, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins18060239.","productDescription":"239, 27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176988","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins18060239","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504691,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.2198843,\n 36.3818454\n ],\n [\n -86.7499179,\n 36.3854487\n ],\n [\n -86.2620481,\n 36.3782418\n ],\n [\n -86.25309635196582,\n 35.83582592918192\n ],\n [\n -87.22212220072319,\n 35.83582592918192\n ],\n [\n -87.2198843,\n 36.3818454\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Kristi Lynn 0000-0003-2771-0849","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2771-0849","contributorId":296396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Kristi Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaegge, Andrea 0000-0002-4414-2620","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-2620","contributorId":371504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaegge","given":"Andrea","affiliations":[{"id":81602,"text":"Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Devin M.","contributorId":371505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Devin","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13370,"text":"Tennessee State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Byl, Thomas D. 0000-0001-6907-9149 tdbyl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6907-9149","contributorId":583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byl","given":"Thomas","email":"tdbyl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70276302,"text":"70276302 - 2026 - Waves, watersheds, and sediment in a coral reef embayment: Towards parsimonious models of accumulation and composition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-27T14:03:54.905785","indexId":"70276302","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-22T08:55:10","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waves, watersheds, and sediment in a coral reef embayment: Towards parsimonious models of accumulation and composition","docAbstract":"High sedimentation rates can damage coral reef ecosystems. Sedimentation rates are controlled by both sediment loads from watersheds and resuspension by waves and associated circulation patterns, but the outcomes are system specific and difficult to predict. The percent terrigenous (non-organic and non-carbonaceous) material in sediment is also often used as an indicator of watershed influence, but its dynamics are poorly understood. Sediment accumulation rates, particle size, and percent terrigenous were monitored quasi-monthly for one year (March 2014-April 2015) at nine sites in a coral reef-fringed embayment in American Samoa, where an aggregate quarry had increased sediment loads to the coast but mitigation reduced loads during the monitored period. Gross and net sediment accumulation rates were measured using sediment traps and SedPods (pods), respectively. Gross accumulation rates exceeded thresholds for impacts on coral health during at least one collection period at most sites, with more exceedances on the northern reef where water residence times and sediment availability are higher and corals show signs of sediment stress. Percent terrigenous of coarse sediment was higher in the traps and pods compared with the surrounding benthic sediment, indicating that some of the terrigenous sediment was advected through the bay without accumulating on the reef. The 95th percentile of hourly wave energy density (E95) taken from a global wave model (WaveWatch 3) was the best predictor of gross accumulation rates of both total and carbonate sediment in a log-log regression at most (n = 6) sites (R2 range 0.72-0.92), indicating a strong role of resuspension of benthic sediment. Gross accumulation rates of terrigenous sediment were not correlated with E95 and only correlated with SSY at the site nearest the stream mouth, indicating that most terrigenous sediment was not from resuspended benthic material but rather from a consistent watershed source. Percent terrigenous decreased with increasing wave energy due to high accumulation rates of carbonates during periods of high wave energy. Detection of the impact of sediment mitigation at the quarry on sediment accumulation was complicated by low wave energy in the period following mitigation. The use of gross accumulation rates and percent terrigenous as indicators of the magnitude and sources of sediment accumulation over time needs to account for wave-induced resuspension, which can be modelled with a simple power function using inputs from a global wave model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2026.109952","usgsCitation":"Biggs, T., Messina, A., and Storlazzi, C.D., 2026, Waves, watersheds, and sediment in a coral reef embayment: Towards parsimonious models of accumulation and composition: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, no. 339, 109952, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2026.109952.","productDescription":"109952, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176787","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2026.109952","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"American Samoa, Faga'alu Bay, Tutuila Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -170.686,\n -14.286\n ],\n [\n -170.674,\n -14.286\n ],\n [\n -170.674,\n -14.296\n ],\n [\n -170.686,\n -14.296\n ],\n [\n -170.686,\n -14.286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"339","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biggs, Trent","contributorId":208268,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biggs","given":"Trent","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":962036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Messina, Alex","contributorId":174670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Messina","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":962037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":213610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70276289,"text":"70276289 - 2026 - Rearing method has limited effect on post-release movement of reintroduced age-0 Lake Sturgeon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-03T14:37:38.515382","indexId":"70276289","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-22T08:41:44","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rearing method has limited effect on post-release movement of reintroduced age-0 Lake Sturgeon","docAbstract":"Overfishing, habitat loss, and pollution caused the extirpation of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) throughout much of the Great Lakes. A Lake Sturgeon reintroduction program using two rearing strategies began in 2018 in the Maumee River, a tributary of Lake Erie. We assessed the movement of streamside or traditionally reared age-0 Lake Sturgeon using acoustic telemetry to determine if rearing strategy affected river residency, movement, and the habitat area used. Tagged sturgeon generally left the Maumee River for Lake Erie on average 3–47 days after stocking and spent most of their time in the western basin of Lake Erie. The majority of sturgeon moved through nearshore areas along the south shore of Lake Erie. While we found no differences in post-stocking movements or habitat area used between the two rearing strategies, understanding how older life stages respond to rearing strategy is needed. Adding upstream stocking sites, using source water to raise eggs or larvae if excessive straying becomes evident, and increased acoustic receiver coverage are options to facilitate and evaluate successful recovery of Lake Sturgeon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2025-0328","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J.R., Chiotti, J.A., Vandergoot, C.S., Kraus, R., Faust, M.D., Slagle, Z.J., Weimer, E.J., Cross, M.D., and Hintz, W.D., 2026, Rearing method has limited effect on post-release movement of reintroduced age-0 Lake Sturgeon: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 83, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2025-0328.","productDescription":"13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-183390","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504963,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70276289/images/"},{"id":504962,"rank":3,"type":{"id":42,"text":"Open Access USGS Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70276289/full"},{"id":504961,"rank":2,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ja/70276289/70276289.XML"},{"id":504730,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie, Maumee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.27194190387294,\n 41.7578525\n ],\n [\n -82.1528812,\n 41.7578525\n ],\n [\n -82.1528812,\n 41.2309989857614\n ],\n [\n -84.27194190387294,\n 41.2309989857614\n ],\n [\n -84.27194190387294,\n 41.7578525\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, Jorden R.","contributorId":371533,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKenna","given":"Jorden","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":88176,"text":"US-FWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chiotti, Justin A.","contributorId":371534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chiotti","given":"Justin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":88176,"text":"US-FWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vandergoot, Christopher S.","contributorId":371535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vandergoot","given":"Christopher","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kraus, Richard 0000-0003-4494-1841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":216548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Faust, Matthew D.","contributorId":371536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faust","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Slagle, Zak J.","contributorId":371537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slagle","given":"Zak","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Weimer, Eric J.","contributorId":371538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weimer","given":"Eric","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cross, Matthew D.","contributorId":371539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cross","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":85203,"text":"Toledo Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hintz, William D.","contributorId":371540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hintz","given":"William","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12455,"text":"University of Toledo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70276416,"text":"70276416 - 2026 - Effects of fipronil bait pellets on two cricetid species: Potential implications for plague mitigation and wildlife conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-04T14:58:03.2037","indexId":"70276416","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-22T07:47:08","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2025,"text":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of fipronil bait pellets on two cricetid species: Potential implications for plague mitigation and wildlife conservation","docAbstract":"We evaluated the effects of fipronil bait pellets on two cricetids that commonly occupy colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus; BTPDs): western deer mice (Peromyscus sonoriensis) and northern grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster). In one experiment, bait pellets (0.96 mg fipronil/bait) were applied at 75 baits/ha to three 1.44-ha plots on a BTPD colony. Mouse abundance declined by 70% from before to 6-10 d after treatment. In a second experiment, bait pellets (0.46 or 1.52 mg fipronil/bait) were applied at 125 baits/ha to four plots (0.85-1.86 ha) on two BTPD colonies; two non-treated plots were baselines (1.09 and 2.06 ha). From before to 11-15 d after treatment, mouse abundance declined by 51%- 67% on the treated plots vs. a decline of 9% on the non-treated plots. Mouse survival from before to 11-15 d after treatment was 51% lower on the treated plots. In a third experiment, bait pellets (0.84 mg fipronil/bait) were applied at 125 baits/acre on two 1.44-ha plots on a BTPD colony; two 1.44-ha non-treated plots were baselines. Mouse survival from before to 30-44 d after treatment was 45% lower on the treated plots; the abundance of deer mice on the treated plots remained similar from before to 30-44 d after treatment, perhaps due to juvenile recruitment and/or immigration. In a laboratory experiment, 33 deer mice offered one bait pellet (0.86 mg fipronil/bait) consumed 27% of their bait, on average (range = 0-100%). Over 3 d, deer mouse mortality was estimated at 53%; mortality increased with fipronil dose, which averaged 11 mg fipronil/kg body mass (range = 3-46 mg/kg). Brain samples were available from 31 deer mice; all tested positive for fipronil sulfone, the primary mammalian metabolite of fipronil, at 19 to 61,205 ng fipronil sulfone/g. Additional experiments could determine if these findings scale up to larger landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101239","usgsCitation":"Eads, D., Matchett, M.R., Livieri, T.M., Bowen, R.A., Hartwig, A.E., Porter, S., Wright, M.L., Fly, J., Hartlaub, M., Dobesh, P., Roghair, P., Childers, E., Hughes, J.P., Hladik, M.L., Dooley, G.P., Smith, B.J., LaCasse, R.A., Bly, K., and Biggins, D.E., 2026, Effects of fipronil bait pellets on two cricetid species: Potential implications for plague mitigation and wildlife conservation: International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, v. 30, 101239, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101239.","productDescription":"101239, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-185087","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2026.101239","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":504996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Badlands National Park, Buffalo Gap National Grassland, Conata Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.04267080008232,\n 43.74864279609875\n ],\n [\n -102.52658012683477,\n 43.74965920358849\n ],\n [\n -102.52641374070147,\n 43.00190734602177\n ],\n [\n -104.04407516751215,\n 43.00194275417252\n ],\n [\n -104.04267080008232,\n 43.74864279609875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eads, David A.","contributorId":198976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eads","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":962370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":365360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Livieri, Travis M.","contributorId":279912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Livieri","given":"Travis","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6753,"text":"Prairie Wildlife Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowen, Richard A.","contributorId":297376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"Richard","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":64386,"text":"Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 3107 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hartwig, Airn E.","contributorId":297373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartwig","given":"Airn","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":64383,"text":"Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 3107 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Porter, Stephanie","contributorId":371801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Porter","given":"Stephanie","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wright, Mary L.","contributorId":371802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Mary","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. 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State and federal governments provide broad, often-generalized food safety guidance to reduce exposure; however, numerous rural fishing areas lack testing and location- or species-specific guidance. The aim of this study was to provide tangible, visible, or easily measured characteristics of Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush that could convey information on Hg exposure to people harvesting and consuming fish where no location-specific guidance exists.
We investigated potential indicators of Lake Trout total Hg (THg) concentrations in muscle across 10 lakes in Alaska's national parks. Potential indicators, including lake, lake zone (i.e., littoral, pelagic, profundal), fish length, head size, body condition, and general appearance, were evaluated by competing linear mixed-effects models.
Lake Trout THg concentrations ranged widely from 22 to 1,306 ng/g wet weight. Much of the variation (48%) in THg concentrations was attributed to differences among individual lakes, but the interaction of the fish's lake zone, body length, and head size accounted for an additional 21%. Predicted THg concentrations increased with Lake Trout length and head : body proportion, but the rate of THg concentration increase with length varied by head : body proportion and lake zone.
Given the overwhelming evidence of high lake-to-lake variability in Lake Trout THg concentrations, we find support for use of lake-specific guidance when data are available. When lake-specific THg concentrations are not available, the best potential way to reduce exposure is to harvest and consume Lake Trout with mean predicted THg concentrations that are within state and federal safe consumption guidelines. This included Lake Trout from surface waters (i.e., pelagic or littoral zone) that are ≤70 cm in length; if harvesting fish from deep waters (i.e., profundal zone), lower THg concentrations were found in Lake Trout with heads ≤25% of their body length. The indicators—lake zone, length, and head size—of Lake Trout THg concentrations can provide harvesters with additional information in the absence of data for specific lakes.
The Great Lakes Geologic Mapping Coalition (GLGMC), commonly referred to as the “Coalition,” is a partnership between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the U.S. States of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin and the Canadian province of Ontario. The member States receive funding for geologic mapping work from the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP), whereas Ontario participates as a nonfunded partner. The mission of the GLGMC is to produce three-dimensional (3D) geologic maps that depict unconsolidated sediments and near-surface bedrock in the Great Lakes region of North America. Geologic maps are the basis of most earth science investigations and help support resource exploration (energy, minerals, groundwater), natural hazard mitigation, infrastructure development, and land-use planning, all of which can be used to advance economic development and strengthen national security in the Great Lakes region.
During the last few million years, the Great Lakes region has experienced repeated glacial advances and retreats, leaving behind extensive sediments, abundant natural resources, and widespread effects on the underlying bedrock geology (Swezey and others, 2022). Linked by shared histories of past glaciations, industrial agriculture, and legacy automotive, coal, steel, and manufacturing industries, the GLGMC member States collaborate to improve the understanding of the 3D distribution of the sediments overlying the region’s bedrock (fig. 1). Developing a comprehensive subsurface 3D framework of this glaciated terrain can provide earth science data to policymakers at all levels. These insights facilitate informed decisions on the exploration, use, and protection of vital resources, such as critical minerals, industrial materials, and aquifers, thereby supporting economic prosperity and the well-being of the citizens of this region.
Since its inception in 1998, the Coalition has completed more than 100 geologic mapping projects across the Great Lakes region. Each project aims to deliver geologic maps, 3D datasets, and other information that improves understanding of the geology of the Great Lakes region, with an emphasis on economic and water resources. Key deliverables include 3D geologic maps and models typically portraying sediment thickness, often derived from top-of-bedrock and borehole data. These products are developed through a combination of fieldwork, subsurface modeling, and the collection and analysis of rock and sediment cores.
To support Coalition goals, member States collaborate with scientists working on related STATEMAP, EDMAP, and FEDMAP projects. Coalition scientists also engage with Tribal Nations in the Great Lakes region to ensure that Tribal interests pertaining to Coalition work are addressed. Through this collaboration, the Coalition unites the efforts of State, Federal, and Tribal Nation stakeholders to advance geologic data production and enhance understanding of the geologic resources of the Great Lakes region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20263010","issn":"2327-6932","programNote":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program","usgsCitation":"Lopez, B., Shelton, J.L., Marketti, M., Ritzel, K., and Graham, B.L., 2026, The Great Lakes Geologic Mapping Coalition—Working collaboratively to understand the geology of the Great Lakes Region: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2026–3010, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3100/fs20263010.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-182781","costCenters":[{"id":64806,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504712,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119447.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":504509,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2026/3010/images"},{"id":504506,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2026/3010/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":504507,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20263010/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"FS 2026-3010 HTML"},{"id":504508,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2026/3010/fs20263010.XML","description":"FS 2026-3010 XML"},{"id":504520,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2026/3010/fs20263010.pdf","text":"Report","size":"34 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2026-3010 PDF"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.02049880324554,\n 50.19476423072376\n ],\n [\n -74.32998999345827,\n 50.19476423072376\n ],\n [\n -74.32998999345827,\n 39.549260024659674\n ],\n [\n -94.02049880324554,\n 39.549260024659674\n ],\n [\n -94.02049880324554,\n 50.19476423072376\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Program Officer, National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Mail Stop 913
Reston, VA 20192
Major waterways in the City of Roanoke (City) have failed to meet Virginia’s aquatic life designated use since 1996. Segments of the upper Roanoke River lack healthy benthic macroinvertebrate communities which prompted a total maximum daily load (TMDL) study by the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (VDEQ) to identify the most probable stressor(s) causing the impairment. Excess fine sediment was identified as the most probable stressor impairing benthic macroinvertebrates on portions of the Roanoke River in 2006, and a watershed implementation plan published in 2016 required communities within the impaired watershed to implement projects that would reduce the load of fine sediment entering the Roanoke River. Additional benthic macroinvertebrate sampling and stream habitat assessments along the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek (a tributary to the Roanoke River that flows through the City) revealed continued impaired conditions, and subsequent stressor identification analysis was completed in 2023. Samples collected downstream of the City on the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek generally showed more impaired conditions relative to samples collected at locations upstream of the City. Based on this evaluation, sediment and sediment-bound polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were identified as probable stressors while specific conductance, total nitrogen, and sediment metals were possible stressors in Tinker Creek; however, only a sediment TMDL target was identified to address impaired benthic macroinvertebrate communities. In the Roanoke River upstream of the Niagara Dam, sediment and total phosphorus were identified as probable stressors, sediment polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and sediment PCB were considered possible stressors; however, the TMDL target was only for total phosphorus.
The City partnered with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2016 to continuously monitor water quality and streamflow conditions on a major tributary of Tinker Creek, Lick Run, and by 2020, four similar monitoring stations were installed on the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek near the locations of benthic macroinvertebrate sampling. Monitored parameters included streamflow and/or gage height (water level), water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and turbidity. Turbidity is a measure of the relative clarity of the water and was previously used to model suspended-sediment concentrations at the monitoring stations. The City also contracted Kirk Environmental, LLP (KE) to collect benthic macroinvertebrate samples and stream habitat assessments near the locations of the water-quality monitoring stations. Identified benthic macroinvertebrates were used to calculate the Virginia Stream Condition Index (SCI), a multi-metric index composed of eight biological attributes that represent elements of the structure and function of the benthic macroinvertebrate community that measure diversity, composition, and tolerance to pollution.
Study objective: In this report, benthic macroinvertebrate samples and stream habitat assessment scores collected at four locations on the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek by KE and the VDEQ between 2020 and 2023 were compared to measured water-quality and streamflow conditions prior to sampling to evaluate patterns between benthic macroinvertebrate health, water quality, and hydrology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Virginia Tech","usgsCitation":"Miller, S.A., Aguilar, M.F., Helsley, L., and Entrekin, S., 2026, Factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrate health in the City of Roanoke, Virginia, 2020–2023, vi, 139 p.","productDescription":"vi, 139 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182640","costCenters":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504682,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10919/143118"},{"id":504867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Roanoke","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.13499498922846,\n 37.407717247099555\n ],\n [\n -79.84673314727793,\n 37.407717247099555\n ],\n [\n -79.84673314727793,\n 37.18395942419494\n ],\n [\n -80.13499498922846,\n 37.18395942419494\n ],\n [\n -80.13499498922846,\n 37.407717247099555\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Samuel Adam 0000-0003-4225-1601","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4225-1601","contributorId":333495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aguilar, Marcus F 0000-0002-4431-9596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4431-9596","contributorId":333497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aguilar","given":"Marcus","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[{"id":79901,"text":"City of Roanoke","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Helsley, Logan 0009-0000-6496-8617","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6496-8617","contributorId":371497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helsley","given":"Logan","affiliations":[{"id":88163,"text":"City of Roanoke, Department of Public Works","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Entrekin, Sally 0000-0002-8276-7832","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8276-7832","contributorId":332044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Entrekin","given":"Sally","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":961910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70276549,"text":"70276549 - 2026 - Patterns of recent brook trout invasion in bull trout streams in relation to habitat, source connectivity, biotic resistance, and disturbance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-09T14:49:51.520798","indexId":"70276549","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-20T07:44:17","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of recent brook trout invasion in bull trout streams in relation to habitat, source connectivity, biotic resistance, and disturbance","docAbstract":"Anticipating biological invasions by nonnative species is critical to effective conservation. Nonnative brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis represents one of the most widespread threats to native bull trout Salvelinus confluentus, but the factors allowing or preventing ongoing range expansions are poorly understood. We addressed this uncertainty by resampling 221 survey locations in bull trout streams in Idaho and relating shifts in brook trout occupancy to four controls on biological invasion (habitat suitability, source connectivity, disturbance, and biotic resistance to invasion). Brook trout detections increased substantially between the historical period (58 sites) and contemporary period (94 sites). Site colonizations were positively associated with water temperature and negatively associated with landscape resistance metrics (i.e., highest streamflow and gradient between a site and the nearest source) in all top models. In contrast, there was weak support for a positive association with wildfire and limited support for hydrologic distance and biotic resistance metrics. Brook trout invasions in bull trout habitat are ongoing, limited by cold temperatures, and highly influenced by dispersal barriers that may not inhibit more mobile native salmonids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2025-0293","usgsCitation":"Voss, N.S., Bowersox, B.J., Nolfi, D.C., and Quist, M., 2026, Patterns of recent brook trout invasion in bull trout streams in relation to habitat, source connectivity, biotic resistance, and disturbance: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 83, p. 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2025-0293.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","ipdsId":"IP-182310","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":505230,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.0536395,\n 46.2005382\n ],\n [\n -114.3310051,\n 45.9019559\n ],\n [\n -111.934915,\n 43.5348611\n ],\n [\n -117.0872419,\n 43.6416123\n ],\n [\n -117.1995296,\n 44.8428707\n ],\n [\n -117.0536395,\n 46.2005382\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Nicholas S.","contributorId":241654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voss","given":"Nicholas","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":48382,"text":"KBR, Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowersox, Brett J.","contributorId":265299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowersox","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36224,"text":"Idaho Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolfi, Daniel C.","contributorId":248446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nolfi","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":962647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":272016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":962648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70275743,"text":"sir20265012 - 2026 - Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the San Joaquin Valley Kern County subbasin domestic-supply aquifer study unit, 2022—California GAMA Priority Basin Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-26T18:29:13.900279","indexId":"sir20265012","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-19T10:38:00","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-5012","displayTitle":"Status and Understanding of Groundwater Quality in the San Joaquin Valley Kern County Subbasin Domestic-Supply Aquifer Study Unit, 2022: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","title":"Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the San Joaquin Valley Kern County subbasin domestic-supply aquifer study unit, 2022—California GAMA Priority Basin Project","docAbstract":"The quality of water accessed by domestic wells (here referred to as domestic groundwater resources) in the San Joaquin Valley Kern County subbasin (basin number 5-022.14) was assessed as part of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program Priority Basin Project (GAMA-PBP), in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board. Kern County is at the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley in California, and about 30,000 residents are estimated to use privately owned domestic wells for drinking water. Domestic wells typically draw from shallower parts of the aquifer system than public-supply wells and can be more vulnerable to effects from surface activities. Kern County is host to a highly productive agricultural industry, with Bakersfield as the main urban center. The Kern River runs through Bakersfield from the southern Sierra Nevada and intersects the Kern Water Bank, one of the largest groundwater banking operations in California, at the Kern River Intertie. The section of the Kern River running through the Kern Water Bank is dry most years. Kern County also encompasses some of the most productive oil and gas basins in California, with extensive underground and surface disposal of oil-field wastewater.
This study was based on data collected from 33 sites sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey for the GAMA-PBP in 2022. To provide context for the water quality assessment, measured concentrations were compared to regulatory and non-regulatory health-based and aesthetic benchmarks. A grid-based method was used to estimate the proportions of the groundwater resources used for domestic-supply wells that have water-quality constituents below (low relative concentration), approaching (moderate relative concentration), or above (high relative concentration) benchmark concentrations. At least one measured constituent with a regulatory benchmark was categorized as having a high relative concentration in 72 percent of the aquifer area used for domestic groundwater resources. Inorganic constituents were detected at high concentrations in 45 percent of the domestic groundwater resources, and the constituents detected above regulatory benchmarks were arsenic, nitrate, and uranium. At least one organic constituent was detected at high concentrations in 41 percent of the domestic groundwater resources, and the constituents exceeding regulatory benchmarks were the fumigants 1,2,3-trichloropropane (1,2,3-TCP), 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (dibromochloropropane [DBCP]), 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB), and the per-and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) perfluorooctanesulfonate. The disinfection by-product chloroform, the fumigant 1,2-dichloropropane, the herbicides atrazine and hexazinone, and the herbicide degradates 2-chloro-6-ethylamino-4-amino-s-triazine, 2-chloro-4,6-diamino-s-triazine, 4-hydroxychlorothalonil, and metolachlor sulfonic acid were detected in more than 10 percent of domestic groundwater resources, but concentrations did not exceed regulatory benchmarks.
Land use, groundwater age (fraction of modern water and mean age), and geochemical environment (oxic or anoxic conditions, pH, alkalinity) were associated with the distribution of high relative concentrations of inorganic and organic constituents. Young, oxygenated water is recharged along the Kern River and adjacent recharge ponds, or as irrigation water in the agricultural areas. High concentrations of nitrate and volatile organic compounds occurred in the oxic water in urban and agricultural areas. The fumigants 1,2,3-TCP, DBCP, and EDB were reported throughout the agricultural areas, whereas chloroform, tetrachloroethene, and PFAS were associated with urban land use. High uranium concentrations were associated with young, modern groundwater in agricultural areas with low pH and high bicarbonate. Total dissolved solids increased with distance from the Kern River, as the contributions of fresh, oxic water decreased. High concentrations of arsenic were present in older anoxic or alkaline groundwater away from areas of recharge. Overall, groundwater age, redox conditions, and the source of recharge as a result of different land uses contribute to large aquifer-scale portions of domestic groundwater resources that exceed health-based benchmarks for nitrate, uranium, and fumigant concentrations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265012","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Harkness, J.S., Faulkner, K.E., and Jurgens, B.C., 2026, Status and understanding of groundwater quality\nin the San Joaquin Valley Kern County subbasin domestic- supply aquifer study unit, 2022—California\nGAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5012, 53 p.,\nhttps://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265012.","productDescription":"Report: x, 53 p.; 3 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-169250","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504711,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119448.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":504430,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13WQA8P","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Potential explanatory variables for groundwater quality in the San Joaquin Valley Kern County subbasin domestic well study unit, 2022"},{"id":504429,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13ISEGA","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for assessing the susceptibility of groundwater used for domestic- supply, California"},{"id":504425,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265012/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2026-5012 HTML"},{"id":504424,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5012/sir20265012.pdf","text":"Report","size":"37.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2026-5012 PDF"},{"id":504423,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5012/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":504426,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5012/sir20265012.XML","description":"OFR 2026-5012 XML"},{"id":504427,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5012/images"},{"id":504428,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GGNIQI","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Groundwater- quality data in the Kern County Domestic- Supply Aquifer Study Unit, 2022—Results from the California GAMA Priority Basin Project"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley Kern County subbasin study unit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.2,\n 35.8\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 35.8\n ],\n [\n -118.5,\n 34.9\n ],\n [\n -120.2,\n 34.9\n ],\n [\n -120.2,\n 35.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
Acknowledgments
Abstract
Introduction
Hydrogeologic Setting
Methods
Status of Groundwater Quality
Factors that Affect Groundwater Quality
Summary
References Cited
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Lee’s Summit, Missouri, assessed flooding of the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries for varying precipitation magnitudes and durations, varying antecedent runoff conditions, and projected climate-change conditions. The precipitation scenarios were used to develop a library of flood-inundation maps for a 2.95-mile reach of the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries within the city.
A two-dimensional U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center–River Analysis System (HEC–RAS; ver. 6.5) rain-on-grid model was calibrated to selected runoff events representing a range of antecedent runoff conditions and hydrologic responses. Lowest adjacent grades for structures within the nearby study area were incorporated into the terrain, and depth grids and water-surface elevation grids were developed for the study area. Simulated velocities at selected bridge locations were also developed from the model. The model was calibrated using water-surface elevation data collected from water-level loggers (pressure transducers) and streamflow measurements and water-surface elevation measurements made at a reference point during runoff events. The calibrated HEC–RAS model was used to simulate streamflows from design rainfall events of 15-minute to 24-hour durations and ranging from a 100- to 0.1-percent annual exceedance probability (1-year to 1,000-year recurrence intervals). Flood-inundation maps were produced for depths at a reference location of 3 to 16 feet, or a depth exceeding the 0.1-percent annual exceedance probability interval precipitation. The results of each precipitation duration-frequency value were represented by a 1-foot-increment inundation map based on the generated peak streamflow from that rainfall event and the corresponding water-surface elevation at the East Fork Little Blue River reference location.
Within the HEC–RAS model, 240 scenarios were developed from the design rainfall events with each of 3 antecedent conditions. Additional scenarios were created to simulate the effects of projected precipitation scenarios on the 100-year recurrence interval, 24-hour storm and the 100-year recurrence interval, 6-hour storm. All simulation results were assigned to a flood-inundation map condition based on the generated peak flow and corresponding water-surface elevation at the East Fork Little Blue River reference location.
The flood-inundation maps are shown on a web mapping application made available to the public through the City of Lee’s Summit (hyperlink will be added when available). The flood-inundation maps are tied to real-time precipitation data obtained from the Automated Surface Observing System weather station at the Lee’s Summit Municipal Airport, accessible at https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/request/download.phtml?network=MO_ASOS. The availability of these maps, along with information regarding observed rainfall, could help provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood-response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, and for postflood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20265017","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Lee’s Summit, Missouri","usgsCitation":"Atkinson, A.A., 2026, Precipitation-based flood-inundation maps for the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries at Lee’s Summit, Missouri, 2024: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2026–5017, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20265017.","productDescription":"Report: viii; 24 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-161724","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504709,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119450.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":504500,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5017/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":504501,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5017/sir20265017.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.31 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2026-5017 PDF"},{"id":504502,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20265017/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2026-5017"},{"id":504503,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5017/sir20265017.XML","description":"SIR 2026-5017"},{"id":504504,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2026/5017/images"},{"id":504505,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13NSPHQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data and model archives associated with precipitation-driven flood-inundation mapping of the East Fork Little Blue River and associated tributaries at Lee’s Summit, Missouri"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"East Fork Little Blue River and Tributaries at Lee’s Summit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.4,\n 38.95\n ],\n [\n -94.3,\n 38.95\n ],\n [\n -94.3,\n 38.9\n ],\n [\n -94.4,\n 38.9\n ],\n [\n -94.4,\n 38.95\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the City of Lee’s Summit, Missouri, assessed flooding of the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries for varying precipitation magnitudes and durations, varying antecedent runoff conditions, and projected climate-change conditions. The precipitation scenarios were used to develop a library of flood-inundation maps that included a 2.95-mile reach of the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries within the city. The availability of these maps, along with information regarding observed rainfall, could help provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood-response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, and for postflood recovery efforts.
","publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkinson, Allison A. 0009-0001-7572-0729 aatkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7572-0729","contributorId":330979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Allison","email":"aatkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":961727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70275737,"text":"ofr20261016 - 2026 - Distribution, abundance, breeding activities, and restoration efforts for the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2025 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-18T14:01:33.082377","indexId":"ofr20261016","displayToPublicDate":"2026-05-15T12:38:15","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2026-1016","displayTitle":"Distribution, Abundance, Breeding Activities, and Restoration Efforts for the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2025 Annual Report","title":"Distribution, abundance, breeding activities, and restoration efforts for the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2025 Annual Report","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to provide the Marine Corps with an annual summary of the distribution, abundance, and breeding activity of the endangered Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus; flycatcher) and to present results of management actions implemented to attract flycatchers and enhance flycatcher habitat at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton (MCBCP, or Base). Surveys for the flycatcher were done on Base between May 6 and July 23, 2025. All MCBCP’s historically occupied riparian habitat (core survey area) was surveyed for flycatchers in 2025. None of the non-core survey areas were surveyed in 2025.
No resident flycatchers were detected on Base in 2025. The one resident (female) present in 2024 did not return to the territory she occupied in 2024, and she was not detected within the historically occupied habitat surveyed in 2025.
Eight transient Willow Flycatchers of unknown subspecies were observed on two of the five drainages surveyed in 2025: Las Flores Creek and the Santa Margarita River. No Willow Flycatchers were detected at Fallbrook, Pilgrim, or San Mateo Creeks. Transients in 2025 occurred in mixed willow and riparian scrub habitats, dominated by multiple willow species (Salix spp.). Exotic vegetation was recorded in most flycatcher locations and was dominant (cover of exotics greater than 50 percent) in more than half of all transient locations. The most common exotic plant in habitat used by flycatchers was poison hemlock (Conium maculatum). All six of the flycatchers that were observed closely enough to determine banding status were unbanded.
Two measures were initiated in recent years to attract and retain resident breeding flycatchers on MCBCP: conspecific attraction using flycatcher song broadcasts and installation of artificial seeps to enhance flycatcher habitat. We surveyed plots with and without speakers that broadcast flycatcher vocalizations throughout the breeding season and detected two transient Willow Flycatchers within 20 meters of one speaker in 2025. We set up permanent vegetation sampling points surrounding artificial seeps and nearby sites without artificial seeps (Reference sites) to determine the effects of surface-water enhancement by seep pumps. Vegetation cover was highest near the ground and decreased with increasing height. Woody vegetation made up most of the cover at all height categories. Soil saturation in 2025 was higher at the sites near seeps than at the Reference sites and was associated with higher native herbaceous cover and lower non-native cover.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20261016","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Assistant Chief of Staff, Environmental Security, U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Lynn, S., Howell, S.L., and Kus, B.E., 2026, Distribution, abundance, breeding activities, and restoration efforts\nfor the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2025 Annual Report:\nU.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2026–1016, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20261016.","productDescription":"vii, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-184792","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":504337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1016/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":504338,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1016/ofr20261016.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2026-1016 PDF"},{"id":504339,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20261016/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2026-1016 HTML"},{"id":504341,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1016/images"},{"id":504340,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2026/1016/ofr20261016.XML","description":"OFR 2026-1016 XML"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Marine Corps Baase Camp Pendleton","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.6,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -117.25,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n -117.25,\n 33.2\n ],\n [\n -117.6,\n 33.2\n ],\n [\n -117.6,\n 33.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819