{"pageNumber":"10","pageRowStart":"225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":330,"records":[{"id":32606,"text":"pp1134E - 1986 - Geochemical variability of soils and biogeochemical variability of plants in the Piceance Basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:19","indexId":"pp1134E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1134","chapter":"E","title":"Geochemical variability of soils and biogeochemical variability of plants in the Piceance Basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"Geochemical baselines for native soils and biogeochemical baselines for plants in the Piceance basin provide data that can be used to assess geochemical and biogeochemical effects of oil-shale development, monitor changes in the geochemical and biogeochemical environment during development, and assess the degree of success of rehabilitation of native materials after development. Baseline values for 52 properties in native soils, 15 properties in big sagebrush, and 13 properties in western wheatgrass were established. Our Study revealed statistically significant regional variations of the following properties across the basin: in soil&-aluminum, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, sodium, nickel, phosphorus, lead, scandium, titanium, vanadium, zinc, organic and total carbon, pH, clay, dolomite, sodium feldspar, and DTPA-extractable calcium, cadmium, iron, potassium, manganese, nickel, phosphorus, yttrium, and zinc; in big sagebrush-barium, calcium, copper, magnesium, molybdenum, sodium, strontium, zinc, and ash; and in western wheatgrass-boron, barium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, strontium, zinc, and ash. These variations show up as north-south trends across the basin, or they reflect differences in elevation, hydrology, and soil parent material. Baseline values for properties that do not have statistically significant regional variations can be represented by geometric means and deviations calculated from all values within the basin. \r\n\r\nChemical and mineralogical analyses of soil and chemical analyses of western wheatgrass samples from Colorado State University's experimental revegetation plot at Anvil Points provide data useful in assessing potential effects on soil and plant properties when largescale revegetation operations begin. The concentrations of certain properties are related to the presence of topsoil over spent shale in the lysimeters. In soils, calcium, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, strontium, carbonate and total carbon, and DTPA-extractable boron, copper, iron, magnesium, and nickel have lower concentrations in topsoil than in the spent oil shale; whereas, silicon, titanium, ytterbium, clay, quartz, and DTPA-extractable potassium have greater concentrations in the topsoil than in the spent oil shale. In western wheatgrass, molybdenum has a lower concentration in grasses growing on the topsoil than in grasses on the spent oil shale; whereas, barium, calcium, manganese, strontium, zinc, and ash have greater concentrations in grasses growing on the topsoil than on the spent oil shale. When compared to baseline values, soils in the revegetation plot are significantly higher in concentrations of lead, zinc, organic and total carbon, and DTP A-extractable cadmium, iron, manganese, nickel, phosphorus, and zinc. Whereas, western wheatgrass grown within the revegetation plot has concentrations which fall within the baseline values established in the regional study. \r\n\r\nThe equations used in predicting concentrations of elements in plants from native and altered sites are cumbersome because of the large number of variables required to adequately predict expected concentrations and are of limited use because many explained only a small proportion of the total variation.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1134E","usgsCitation":"Tuttle, M.L., Severson, R.C., Dean, W., and Klusman, R., 1986, Geochemical variability of soils and biogeochemical variability of plants in the Piceance Basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1134, p. E1-E46, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1134E.","productDescription":"p. E1-E46","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1134e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60463,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1134e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6ab97e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tuttle, M. L.","contributorId":71992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuttle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Severson, R. C.","contributorId":46498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klusman, R.W.","contributorId":93108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klusman","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":208774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":4266,"text":"cir944 - 1986 - The Conterminous United States Mineral Assessment Program; background information to accompany folio of geologic, geophysical, geochemical, mineral-occurrence, mineral-resource potential, and mineral-production maps of the Charlotte 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:30","indexId":"cir944","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"944","title":"The Conterminous United States Mineral Assessment Program; background information to accompany folio of geologic, geophysical, geochemical, mineral-occurrence, mineral-resource potential, and mineral-production maps of the Charlotte 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina","docAbstract":"This Circular and the folio of separately published maps described herein are part of a series of reports compiled under the Conterminous United States Mineral Assessment Program ICUSMAP). The folio on the Charlotte 1 degree ? 2 degree quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina, includes (1) a geologic map; (2) four geophysical maps; (3) geochemical maps for metamorphic heavy minerals, copper, lead and artifacts, zinc, gold, tin, beryllium, niobium, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, cobalt, lithium, barium, antimony-arsenic-bismuth-cadmium, thorium-cerium-monazite, and limonite; (4) mineral-occurrence maps for kyanite-sillimanite-lithium-mica-feldspar-copper-lead-zinc, gold-quartz-barite-fluorite, iron-thorium-tin-niobium, and construction materials-gemstones; (5) mineral-resource potential maps for copper-lead-zinc-combined base metals, gold, tin-tungsten, beryllium-molybdenum-niobium, lithium-kyanite- sillimanitebarite, thorium (monazite)-uranium, and construction materials; and (6) mineral-production maps. \r\n\r\nThe Charlotte quadrangle is mainly within the Piedmont physiographic province and extends from near the Coastal Plain on the southeast into the Blue Ridge province on the northwest for a short distance. Parts of six lithotectonic belts are present--the Blue Ridge, the Inner Piedmont, the Kings Mountain belt, the Charlotte belt, the Carolina slate belt, and the Wadesboro basin. Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks are present and range in age from Proterozoic to Mesozoic; alluvial sediments of Quaternary age occur along rivers and larger streams. \r\n\r\nRocks of the Blue Ridge include Middle Proterozoic granitoid gneiss intruded by Late Proterozoic granite; Late Proterozoic paragneiss, schist, and other metasedimentary and metavolcaniclastic rocks (Ashe and Grandfather Mountain Formations); Late Proterozoic and Early Cambrian metasedimentary rocks (Chilhowee Group); and Early Cambrian sedimentary rocks (Shady Dolomite). Paleozoic granites intrude the Proterozoic rocks. The Inner Piedmont contains noncarbonate metasedimentary rocks and amphibolite of medium to high metamorphic grades. These rocks are intruded by the Toluca Granite and Henderson Gneiss of Cambrian and Ordovician(?) age. The Charlotte belt consists largely of Late Proterozoic to Late Paleozoic granitic and gabbroic plutonic rocks and intervening enclaves of metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks. \r\n\r\nThe narrow Kings Mountain belt is located between the Charlotte and the Inner Piedmont belts and contains mainly Late Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks and plutonic rocks similar to those of the Charlotte belt. The Carolina slate belt, flanking the Charlotte belt on the east, contains weakly metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks. East of this belt, at the southeast corner of the quadrangle, is the Wadesboro basin, which has continental sedimentary rocks of Triassic age. Layered rocks westward from and in the Charlotte belt are complexly folded, are steeply dipping, and in the Blue Ridge and Inner Piedmont are contained within major thrust slices. Rocks of the Carolina slate belt are gently folded. Rocks of the Wadesboro basin occur in downfaulted blocks. \r\n\r\nThe geophysical surveys of the Charlotte quadrangle consisted of Bouguer gravity, aeromagnetic, and aeroradioactivity surveys and used both newly obtained data and information from prior work. The gravity survey disclosed a distinct northeast-trending, northwest-decreasing gradient, which is part of the major gravity gradient that extends the length of the Appalachian Mountains. Granitic plutons of the Charlotte belt, in particular, are marked by gravity lows, and gabbro plutons, by highs. Several of the geologic belts display distinct magnetic character. The aeroradioactivity surveys showed a swath of consistently high gamma-ray intensities along the central part of the Inner Piedmont belt; these high intensities correspond to the so-called monazite belt. Oval patterns of high gamma-ray readi","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir944","usgsCitation":"Gair, J.E., Goldsmith, R., Daniels, D.L., Griffitts, W.R., DeYoung, J.H., and Lee, M.P., 1986, The Conterminous United States Mineral Assessment Program; background information to accompany folio of geologic, geophysical, geochemical, mineral-occurrence, mineral-resource potential, and mineral-production maps of the Charlotte 1 degree x 2 degrees Quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 944, iii, 18 p. :ill., map ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir944.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p. :ill., map ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0944/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31378,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1986/0944/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ecbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gair, Jacob Eugene","contributorId":14387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gair","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"Eugene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldsmith, Richard","contributorId":33283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldsmith","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daniels, D. L.","contributorId":69114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griffitts, W. R.","contributorId":10428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffitts","given":"W.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeYoung, J. H.","contributorId":75908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeYoung","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, M. P.","contributorId":40198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":12005,"text":"ofr86403W - 1986 - Data on the solute concentration within the subsurface flows of Little Lost Man Creek in response to a transport experiment, Redwood National Park, northwest California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:35","indexId":"ofr86403W","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-403","chapter":"W","title":"Data on the solute concentration within the subsurface flows of Little Lost Man Creek in response to a transport experiment, Redwood National Park, northwest California","docAbstract":"A solute transport experiment was conducted on a 327-m reach of Little Lost Man Creek, a small stream in Humboldt County, California. Solutes were injected for 20 days. Chloride was used as a conservative tracer; lithium, potassium, and strontium were used as reactive tracers. In addition, nitrate and phosphate were added as biological reactants. Eighteen shallow wells were dug along the length of the study reach, 1-10 m laterally from the edge of the stream. The wells and sites in the stream were monitored for the injected solutes during and after the injection. Solute concentrations in the wells and stream are indicative of transport properties of stream and subsurface channel flow. This report presents the results of the analyses of the well samples and chemical data relevant to the interpretation of hydrological and chemical interaction between the stream and adjacent channel subsurface flows in the streambed. Calculations of the percentage of streamwater in the wellwater were made from conservative tracer measurements. The composition of wellwater ranged from 47% to 100% streamwater with most values above 90%. The time for water to travel from the beginning of the study reach to the wells was approximately three times as great as the travel time in the stream at the same distance down the reach. The three conclusions that can be drawn are (1) water in the stream exchanges extensively with water in the rest of the channel; (2) the interstitial water in the channel gravels achieves almost the same composition as the stream; and (3) under low flow conditions the stream gravels contain a significant portion of the stream volume. Plots of normalized chloride, lithium, and strontium concentrations at three stream sites are included. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr86403W","usgsCitation":"Zellweger, G.W., Kennedy, V.C., Bencala, K., Avanzino, R., Jackman, A.P., and Triska, F., 1986, Data on the solute concentration within the subsurface flows of Little Lost Man Creek in response to a transport experiment, Redwood National Park, northwest California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-403, 69 p.; 1 v. (various foliations) :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86403W.","productDescription":"69 p.; 1 v. (various foliations) :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0403w/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39998,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0403w/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b1fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zellweger, Gary W.","contributorId":71171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, V. C.","contributorId":46080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Avanzino, R.J.","contributorId":37336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jackman, A. P.","contributorId":46957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Triska, F.J.","contributorId":69560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triska","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70009929,"text":"70009929 - 1985 - A rapid method for determining tin and molybdenum in geological samples by flame atomic-absorption spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-13T17:01:53.357562","indexId":"70009929","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A rapid method for determining tin and molybdenum in geological samples by flame atomic-absorption spectroscopy","docAbstract":"

The proposed method uses a lithium metaborate fusion, dissolution of the fusion bead in 15% vv hydrochloric acid, extraction into a 4% solution of trioctylphosphine oxide in methyl isobutyl ketone, and aspiration into a nitrous oxide-acetylene flame. The limits of detection for tin and molybdenum are 1.0 and 0.5 ppm, respectively. Approximately 50 samples can be analysed per day. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0039-9140(85)80220-4","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Welsch, E.P., 1985, A rapid method for determining tin and molybdenum in geological samples by flame atomic-absorption spectroscopy: Talanta, v. 32, no. 10, p. 996-998, https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(85)80220-4.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"996","endPage":"998","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218980,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e52ce4b0c8380cd46ba9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welsch, Eric P.","contributorId":13981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsch","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26442,"text":"wri854078 - 1985 - Discharge and water quality of springs in Roan and Parachute Creek basins, northwestern Colorado, 1981-83","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-04T20:11:30.203403","indexId":"wri854078","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4078","title":"Discharge and water quality of springs in Roan and Parachute Creek basins, northwestern Colorado, 1981-83","docAbstract":"

This report is a compilation and interpretation of discharge, water-quality, and radiochemical data collected at springs in the oil-shale regions of Roan and Parachute Creek basins, Colorado, from 1981 to 1983. Springs located on upland plateaus and ridges are mixed-cation bicarbonate water types with 216 to 713 milligrams per liter dissolved solids. Calcite and dolomite dissolution are dominant chemical reactions in upland springs. Springs located in the canyons contain greater concentrations of sodium and sulfate and have 388 to 3,970 milligrams per liter dissolved solids. Gypsum dissolution is an important chemical reaction in canyon spring water. The only trace constituents with mean concentration greater than 10 micrograms per liter in the study area were barium, boron, lithium and strontium. None of the canyon springs investigated represent discharge from the lower aquifer in the Green River Formation. Analysis of chemical and discharge data for streams in the Roan Creek drainage showed evidence of lower-aquifer discharge into the canyons. Springs located near an oil-shale mine or processing plant could be used for monitoring groundwater quality and quantity. Bicarbonate, fluoride, arsenic, boron, lithium, mercury, ammonia, and organic carbon may be chemical indicators of mine or process-water contamination of shallow aquifers near an oil-shale plant or mine. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854078","usgsCitation":"Butler, D.L., 1985, Discharge and water quality of springs in Roan and Parachute Creek basins, northwestern Colorado, 1981-83: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4078, Report: v, 145 p.; 1 Plate: 30.03 x 21.15 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854078.","productDescription":"Report: v, 145 p.; 1 Plate: 30.03 x 21.15 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110166,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36253.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"36253"},{"id":55264,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55263,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4078/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123480,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4078/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Roan and Parachute Creek basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.875,\n 39.7\n ],\n [\n -107.875,\n 39.307\n ],\n [\n -108.674,\n 39.307\n ],\n [\n -108.674,\n 39.7\n ],\n [\n -107.875,\n 39.7\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ab60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butler, D. L.","contributorId":36967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13607,"text":"ofr85408 - 1985 - Chemical and physical characteristics of water in estuaries of Texas; October 1978-September 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-12T13:47:07","indexId":"ofr85408","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-408","title":"Chemical and physical characteristics of water in estuaries of Texas; October 1978-September 1983","docAbstract":"

The Texas Water Plan (Texas Water Development Board, 1968) proposed development and utilization of water resources in Texas and included a provision for the use and preservation of water in the estuaries of the State. Management of estuarine waters requires knowledge of the hydrodynamics and of the continuing changes in the chemical and physical characteristics of water in the estuaries.

\n

In September 1967, the U.S. Geological Survey and the Texas Department of Water Resources began a cooperative water-resources data-collection program of the principal estuaries along the Texas coast except for the Rio Grande estuary, which is under the jurisdiction of the International Boundary and Water Commission, United States and Mexico.

\n

The data-collection program for the first 11 years were published in 9 separate publications by the Texas Department of Water Resources. This report is the final publication for the project which ended in September 1983, and contains the data collected for the last 5 years (October 1978-September 1983). Approximately 243 data-collect!*on sites were visited during the 1979-83 water years.

\n

The properties or constituents measured in the field were dissolved oxygen (DO), specific conductance, temperature, pH, and transparency by Secchi disk. Analyses conducted in the laboratory included the principal inorganic ions, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total organic carbon (TOC), ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphate, insecticides and herbicides, and other selected metals such as aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, iron, lead, lithium, manganese, mercury, nichol, strontium, and zinc.

\n

Streamfl ow-measuring sites are used to monitor both the amount and quality of water that enter the estuarine embayments. The farthest downstream sites available are located many miles upstream from the estuaries because of the effect of changes in water stage in the estuaries. Consequently, there is inflow into the bays below these sites that can and do affect the amount and quality of water entering the estuaries.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr85408","usgsCitation":"Fisher, J., and Grozier, R., 1985, Chemical and physical characteristics of water in estuaries of Texas; October 1978-September 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-408, iv, 243 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85408.","productDescription":"iv, 243 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":42124,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0408/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":147612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0408/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e480a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, J.C.","contributorId":99974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grozier, R.U.","contributorId":105704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grozier","given":"R.U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29606,"text":"wri854067 - 1985 - Preparation of polyethylene sacks for collection of precipitation samples for chemical analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:56","indexId":"wri854067","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4067","title":"Preparation of polyethylene sacks for collection of precipitation samples for chemical analysis","docAbstract":"Polyethylene sacks are used to collect precipitation samples. Washing polyethylene with acetone, hexane, methanol, or nitric acid can change the adsorptive characteristics of the polyethylene. In this study, simulated precipitation at pH 4.5 was in contact with the polyethylene sacks for 21 days; subsamples were removed for chemical analysis at 7, 14, and 21 days after intitial contact. Sacks washed with acetone adsorbed iron and lithium; sacks washed with hexane adsorbed barium, iron , and lithium; sacks washed with methanol adsorbed calcium and iron; and sacks washed with 0.30 N nitric acid adsorbed iron. Leaching the plastic sacks with 0.15 N nitric acid did not result in 100-percent recovery of any of the adsorbed metals. Washing polyethylene sacks with dilute nitric acid caused the pH of the simulated precipitation to be decreased by 0.2 pH unit after 1 week of contact with the polyethylene. The specific conductance increased by 10 microsiemens per centimeter. Contamination of precipitation samples by lead was determined to be about 0.1 microgram per liter from contact with precleaned polyethylene sacks. No measurable contamination of precipitation samples by zinc occurred. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854067","usgsCitation":"Schroder, L., and Bricker, A., 1985, Preparation of polyethylene sacks for collection of precipitation samples for chemical analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4067, iii, 12 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854067.","productDescription":"iii, 12 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4067/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58430,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4067/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6691c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroder, L.J.","contributorId":31767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":201799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bricker, A.W.","contributorId":93948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30163,"text":"wri844261 - 1985 - Water-quality characteristics of streams in the Piceance Creek and Yellow Creek drainage basins, northwestern Colorado, water years 1977-81","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:50","indexId":"wri844261","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4261","title":"Water-quality characteristics of streams in the Piceance Creek and Yellow Creek drainage basins, northwestern Colorado, water years 1977-81","docAbstract":"Physical and chemical data for streams in the Piceance Creek and Yellow Creek drainage basins, Colorado collected during the 1977-81 water years are summarized. Stream temperatures ranged from -0.5 to 35.0 degrees Celsius and were warmest near the downstream reaches of Piceance and Yellow Creeks. Minimum concentrations of dissolved oxygen were greater than 3.0 milligrams per liter in Piceance and Yellow Creeks, and concentrations of dissolved oxygen exceeded saturation during periods of active photosynthesis. Values of pH in streams ranged from 6.9 to 9.0 and were least during snowmelt runoff and greatest in low flows in the lower reaches of Piceance and Yellow Creeks. Concentrations of suspended sediment exceeded 100 ,000 milligrams per liter in localized runoff. Specific conductance varied inversely with discharge. Sodium, magnesium, bicarbonate, and sulfate ions and concentration ranges of dissolved solids between 400 and 1,700 milligrams per liter were characteristic of the water quality of the perennial streams. Calcium and bicarbonate dominated the major ions, and concentrations of dissolved solids normally were less than 600 milligrams per liter in the intermittent streams during storm and snowmelt runoff. Augmentation to Piceance and Yellow Creeks from ground-water sources in the lower reaches of both streams increased concentrations of dissolved solids several thousand milligrams per liter during medium and low flows and caused a change in water-quality type from sodium magnesium bicarbonate to a high-percentage sodium bicarbonate. Increases in dissolved concentrations of arsenic, boron, fluoride, lithium, strontium, and sulfate were related to ground-water sources or discharges from areas of energy resource development. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844261","usgsCitation":"Tobin, R., Stranathan, H., and Covay, K., 1985, Water-quality characteristics of streams in the Piceance Creek and Yellow Creek drainage basins, northwestern Colorado, water years 1977-81: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4261, vii, 80 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844261.","productDescription":"vii, 80 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4261/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58964,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4261/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f58ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tobin, R.L.","contributorId":34143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tobin","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stranathan, H.E.","contributorId":96698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stranathan","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Covay, K.J.","contributorId":44948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covay","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":12192,"text":"ofr85534 - 1985 - Neutron induced autoradiography, neutron radiography and neutron induced luminescence of lithium and boron in geologic specimens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:41","indexId":"ofr85534","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-534","title":"Neutron induced autoradiography, neutron radiography and neutron induced luminescence of lithium and boron in geologic specimens","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85534","usgsCitation":"Dooley, J.R., Vine, J.D., Enemaerke, J., Senftle, F.E., and Reed, D., 1985, Neutron induced autoradiography, neutron radiography and neutron induced luminescence of lithium and boron in geologic specimens: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-534, 38 p. :chiefly ill. (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85534.","productDescription":"38 p. :chiefly ill. (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0534/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40230,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0534/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dooley, J. R. Jr.","contributorId":8110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dooley","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vine, J. D.","contributorId":19166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vine","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enemaerke, Jan","contributorId":81109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enemaerke","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, D.E.","contributorId":65473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70013178,"text":"70013178 - 1984 - Determination of total tin in geological materials by electrothermal atomic-absorption spectrophotometry using a tungsten-impregnated graphite furnace","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-13T16:58:08.291175","indexId":"70013178","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of total tin in geological materials by electrothermal atomic-absorption spectrophotometry using a tungsten-impregnated graphite furnace","docAbstract":"

An electrothermal atomic-absorption spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of total tin in geological materials, with use of a tungsten-impregnated graphite furnace. The sample is decomposed by fusion with lithium metaborate and the melt is dissolved in 10% hydrochloric acid. Tin is then extracted into trioctylphosphine oxide-methyl isobutyl ketone prior to atomization. Impregnation of the furnace with a sodium tungstate solution increases the sensitivity of the determination and improves the precision of the results. The limits of determination are 0.5–20 ppm of tin in the sample. Higher tin values can be determined by dilution of the extract. Replicate analyses of eighteen geological reference samples with diverse matrices gave relative standard deviations ranging from 2.0 to 10.8% with an average of 4.6%. Average tin values for reference samples were in general agreement with, but more precise than, those reported by others. Apparent recoveries of tin added to various samples ranged from 95 to 111% with an average of 102%.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0039-9140(84)80014-4","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Zhou, L., Chao, T.T., and Meier, A.L., 1984, Determination of total tin in geological materials by electrothermal atomic-absorption spectrophotometry using a tungsten-impregnated graphite furnace: Talanta, v. 31, no. 1, p. 73-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(84)80014-4.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"76","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffe0e4b0c8380cd4f444","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, L.","contributorId":68455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":20205,"text":"ofr84445 - 1984 - Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole counties, Oklahoma","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":20205,"text":"ofr84445 - 1984 - Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole counties, Oklahoma","indexId":"ofr84445","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole counties, Oklahoma"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70044324,"text":"70044324 - 1986 - Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole Counties, Oklahoma","indexId":"70044324","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole Counties, Oklahoma"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70044324,"text":"70044324 - 1986 - Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole Counties, Oklahoma","indexId":"70044324","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole Counties, Oklahoma"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T13:00:27","indexId":"ofr84445","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-445","title":"Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole counties, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"

A study of water-quality degradation due to brine contamination was made in an area of about 1,700 square miles in east-central Oklahoma. The study area coincides, in part, with the outcrop of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer of Pennsylvanian age.

Water samples collected from 180 wells completed in the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, and at 168 sites from streams draining the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer show scattered occurrences of water-quality degradation by brine. Degradation of water quality by brine is indicated where: (1) Chloride concentration is equal to or greater than 400 milligrams per liter (2) bromide concentration is equal to or greater than 2 milligrams per liter (3) the ratio of lithium to sodium is equal to or less than 0.01, and the chloride concentration is equal to or greater than 400 milligrams per liter, or (4) the ratio of sodium plus chloride to dissolved solids is equal to or greater than 0.64. Other ratios of secondary importance that also indicate water-quality degradation by brine in the area are (1) a sodium/chloride ratio of about 0.46; (2) a sodium/bromide ratio of about 92; and (3) a bromide/chloride ratio of about 0.0048.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84445","usgsCitation":"Morton, R.B., 1984, Effects of brine on the chemical quality of water in parts of Creek, Lincoln, Okfuskee, Payne, Pottawatomie, and Seminole counties, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-445, Report: 105 p.; Plate: 38.14 x 25.40 inches; Figures 2-9, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84445.","productDescription":"Report: 105 p.; Plate: 38.14 x 25.40 inches; Figures 2-9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0445/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":349777,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0445/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349778,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0445/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349779,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0445/figure-2.pdf","text":"Figure 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349780,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0445/figure-3.pdf","text":"Figure 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349781,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0445/figure-4.pdf","text":"Figure 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349782,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0445/figure-5.pdf","text":"Figure 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349784,"rank":9,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0445/figure-7.pdf","text":"Figure 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Robert B.","contributorId":50899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3599,"text":"cir889 - 1984 - Lithium anomaly near Pringle, southern Black Hills, South Dakota, possibly caused by unexposed rare-mineral pegmatite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:26","indexId":"cir889","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"889","title":"Lithium anomaly near Pringle, southern Black Hills, South Dakota, possibly caused by unexposed rare-mineral pegmatite","docAbstract":"Six samples of biotite schist from a site near Pringle, South Dakota, contained from 140 to 750 parts per million lithium. These values are far greater than are found in mica schists in most of the rest of the southern Black Hills. The lithium may have emanated from concealed lithium pegmatite, and such pegmatite can be of interest as a possible source of rare minerals, especially tantalite and beryl. Whether making a full test of the anomaly will become economically judicious is much less clear.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir889","usgsCitation":"Norton, J.J., 1984, Lithium anomaly near Pringle, southern Black Hills, South Dakota, possibly caused by unexposed rare-mineral pegmatite: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 889, iii, 7 p. :ill., map ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir889.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p. :ill., map ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0889/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30632,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0889/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4c75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norton, James Jennings","contributorId":59412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Jennings","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13904,"text":"ofr84843M - 1984 - Distribution of lithium in the Charlotte 1° x 2° quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-28T19:02:00.272111","indexId":"ofr84843M","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-843","chapter":"M","title":"Distribution of lithium in the Charlotte 1° x 2° quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84843M","usgsCitation":"Griffitts, W.R., and Hoffman, J.D., 1984, Distribution of lithium in the Charlotte 1° x 2° quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-843, Report: 2 p.; 1 Plate: 36.71 × 24.33 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84843M.","productDescription":"Report: 2 p.; 1 Plate: 36.71 × 24.33 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389903,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13596.htm"},{"id":42543,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0843m/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42542,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0843m/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0843m/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Charlotte 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db6409bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffitts, W. R.","contributorId":10428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffitts","given":"W.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, J. D.","contributorId":8419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012668,"text":"70012668 - 1984 - Determination of indium in geological materials by electrothermal-atomization atomic absorption spectrometry with a tungsten-impregnated graphite furance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T16:22:50.41076","indexId":"70012668","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of indium in geological materials by electrothermal-atomization atomic absorption spectrometry with a tungsten-impregnated graphite furance","docAbstract":"

The sample is fused with lithium metaborate and the melt is dissolved in 15% (v/v) hydrobromic acid. Iron(III) is reduced with ascorbic acid to avoid its coextraction with indium as the bromide into methyl isobutyl ketone. Impregnation of the graphite furnace with sodium tungstate, and the presence of lithium metaborate and ascorbic acid in the reaction medium improve the sensitivity and precision. The limits of determination are 0.025–16 mg kg−1 indium in the sample. For 22 geological reference samples containing more than 0.1 mg kg−1 indium, relative standard deviations ranged from 3.0 to 8.5% (average 5.7%). Recoveries of indium added to various samples ranged from 96.7 to 105.6% (average 100.2%).

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85809-2","usgsCitation":"Zhou, L., Chao, T.T., and Meier, A.L., 1984, Determination of indium in geological materials by electrothermal-atomization atomic absorption spectrometry with a tungsten-impregnated graphite furance: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 161, no. C, p. 369-373, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85809-2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"373","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222219,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"161","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fface4b0c8380cd4f30f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, L.","contributorId":68455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meier, A. L.","contributorId":81480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013483,"text":"70013483 - 1984 - Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 2. A dynamic analysis of coupled hydrologic and chemical processes that determine solute transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T19:28:09","indexId":"70013483","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 2. A dynamic analysis of coupled hydrologic and chemical processes that determine solute transport","docAbstract":"

Solute transport in streams is determined by the interaction of physical and chemical processes. Data from an injection experiment for chloride and several cations indicate significant influence of solutestreambed processes on transport in a mountain stream. These data are interpreted in terms of transient storage processes for all tracers and sorption processes for the cations. Process parameter values are estimated with simulations based on coupled quasi-two-dimensional transport and first-order mass transfer sorption. Comparative simulations demonstrate the relative roles of the physical and chemical processes in determining solute transport. During the first 24 hours of the experiment, chloride concentrations were attenuated relative to expected plateau levels. Additional attenuation occurred for the sorbing cation strontium. The simulations account for these storage processes. Parameter values determined by calibration compare favorably with estimates from other studies in mountain streams. Without further calibration, the transport of potassium and lithium is adequately simulated using parameters determined in the chloride-strontium simulation and with measured cation distribution coefficients.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR020i012p01804","usgsCitation":"Bencala, K.E., 1984, Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 2. A dynamic analysis of coupled hydrologic and chemical processes that determine solute transport: Water Resources Research, v. 20, no. 12, p. 1804-1814, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR020i012p01804.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1804","endPage":"1814","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cd1e4b0c8380cd63085","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":366160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013310,"text":"70013310 - 1984 - Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 1. An experimental analysis of cation and anion transport in a mountain stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T19:29:01","indexId":"70013310","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 1. An experimental analysis of cation and anion transport in a mountain stream","docAbstract":"

An experimental injection was performed to study the transport of stream water solutes under conditions of significant interaction with streambed sediments in a mountain pool-and-riffle stream. Experiments were conducted in Little Lost Man Creek, Humboldt County, California, in a period of low flow duringwhich only a part of the bank-full channel held active surface flow. The injection of chloride and several trace cations lasted 20 days. In this report we discuss the results of the first 24 hours of the injection and survey the results of the first 10 days. Solute-streambed interactions of two types were observed. First, the physical transport of the conservative tracer, chloride, was affected by intergravel flow and stagnant watt, zones created by the bed relief. Second, the transport of the cations (strontium, potassium, and lithium) was appreciably modified by sorption onto streambed sediment. In the stream the readily observable consequence of the solute-streambed interactions was an attenuation of the dissolved concentration of each of the tracers. The attenuation in the stream channel occurred concurrently with the storage of tracers in the streambed via both physical and chemical processes. All tracers were subsequently present in shallow wells dug several meters from the wetted part of the channel. Sediment samples collected approximately 3 weeks after the start of the injection contained increased concentrations of the injected cations.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR020i012p01797","usgsCitation":"Bencala, K.E., Kennedy, V.C., Zellweger, G.W., Jackman, A.P., and Avanzino, R.J., 1984, Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 1. An experimental analysis of cation and anion transport in a mountain stream: Water Resources Research, v. 20, no. 12, p. 1797-1803, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR020i012p01797.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1797","endPage":"1803","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220420,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Little Lost Man Creek","volume":"20","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cd0e4b0c8380cd6307f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":365789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Vance C.","contributorId":102063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Vance","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zellweger, Gary W.","contributorId":71171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackman, Alan P.","contributorId":28239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Avanzino, Ronald J.","contributorId":24355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70014010,"text":"70014010 - 1984 - The group separation of the rare-earth elements and yttrium from geologic materials by cation-exchange chromatography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T08:43:04","indexId":"70014010","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The group separation of the rare-earth elements and yttrium from geologic materials by cation-exchange chromatography","docAbstract":"Demand is increasing for the determination of the rare-earth elements (REE) and yttrium in geologic materials. Due to their low natural abundance in many materials and the interferences that occur in many methods of determination, a separation procedure utilizing gradient strong-acid cation-exchange chromatography is often used to preconcentrate and isolate these elements from the host-rock matrix. Two separate gradient strong-acid cation-exchange procedures were characterized and the major elements as well as those elements thought to provide the greatest interference for the determination of the REE in geologic materials were tested for separation from the REE. Simultaneous inductively coupled argon plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICAP-AES) measurements were used to construct the chromatograms for the elution studies, allowing the elution patterns of all the elements of interest to be determined in a single fraction of eluent. As a rock matrix, U.S. Geological Survey standard reference BCR-1 basalt was digested using both an acid decomposition procedure and a lithium metaborate fusion. Hydrochloric and nitric acids were tested as eluents and chromatograms were plotted using the ICAP-AES data; and we observed substantial differences in the elution patterns of the REE and as well as in the solution patterns of Ba, Ca, Fe and Sr. The nitric acid elution required substantially less eluent to elute the REE and Y as a group when compared to the hydrochloric acid elution, and provided a clearer separation of the REE from interfering and matrix elements. ?? 1984.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(84)90121-9","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Crock, J., Lichte, F., and Wildeman, T., 1984, The group separation of the rare-earth elements and yttrium from geologic materials by cation-exchange chromatography: Chemical Geology, v. 45, no. 1-2, p. 149-163, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(84)90121-9.","startPage":"149","endPage":"163","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266109,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(84)90121-9"},{"id":225677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baca7e4b08c986b32363e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crock, J.G.","contributorId":58236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lichte, F.E.","contributorId":99108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lichte","given":"F.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wildeman, T.R.","contributorId":30248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildeman","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":8726,"text":"ofr83389 - 1983 - Peralkaline and peraluminous granites and related mineral deposits of the Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-22T18:30:17","indexId":"ofr83389","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-389","title":"Peralkaline and peraluminous granites and related mineral deposits of the Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"

In the Precambrian Arabian Shield, granitoid plutonic rocks are widespread and range in age from 800 to 550 Ma old; but the mineral-resource potential associated with these plutonic rocks is restricted mainly to the younger, postorogenic granites. Two granite types of current economic interest are zirconium- niobium-enriched per alkaline granites and tin-tungsten-enriched peraluminous granites. Both types are highly evolved, are enriched in lithium, rubidium, and fluorine, and have distinctive mineralogy, textures, and chemistry. The zirconium-niobium-enriched granites are related to medium- to large-sized plutons and complexes of peralkaline granite, and the tin-tungsten-enriched granites are related to medium-sized plutons of biotite or biotite-muscovite granite.

\n

Existing geochemical and geologic data for many parts of the Arabian Shield were compiled as a basis for evaluating the resource potential of the granites of the Shield. Commodities associated with granites that have potential for economic mineral deposits include tin, tungsten, molybdenum, beryllium, niobium, tantalum, zirconium, uranium, thorium, rare-earth elements, and fluorite. Prospecting methods useful in discriminating those granites having significant economic potential include reconnaissance geologic mapping, petrographic and mineralogic studies, geochemical sampling of rock and wadi sediment, and radiometric surveying.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr83389","usgsCitation":"Elliott, J., 1983, Peralkaline and peraluminous granites and related mineral deposits of the Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-389, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83389.","productDescription":"39 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0389/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36297,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0389/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 42.5,\n 16\n ],\n [\n 34,\n 30\n ],\n [\n 46,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 47,\n 16\n ],\n [\n 42.5,\n 16\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b30e4b07f02db6b4089","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, James E.","contributorId":15595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8628,"text":"ofr83369 - 1983 - Geochemical evaluation of felsic plutonic rocks in the eastern and southeastern Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:22","indexId":"ofr83369","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-369","title":"Geochemical evaluation of felsic plutonic rocks in the eastern and southeastern Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"In a geochemical evaluation of the eastern and southeastern Arabian Shield, which included collection of 696 rock samples and 694 pan concentrate samples, a province of tin-anomalous granitoid plutons was defined. Pan concentrates collected in and around these plutons were enriched in tin and tungsten relative to the concentrate population. Rock samples of these leucocratic, muscovite-bearing, peraluminous granites contained anomalously high concentrations of lithium, fluorine, beryllium, lead, rubidium, niobium, yttrium, tin, bismuth, silver, and tungsten. \r\n\r\nTen tin-anomalous plutons were located in the study area. The plutons are typically small, less than 10 km2 in areal extent, and circular to elliptical in plan view. The resource potential of these latest Proterozoic plutons has not been established; economically exploitable concentrations of tin, tungsten, molybdenum, or zinc may be present, and followup studies are warranted. Further, two of the plutons are characterized by higher than normal total-count radioactivity and have potential for uranium, thorium, or rare-earth element deposits.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr83369","usgsCitation":"Du Bray, E., Elliott, J., and Stoeser, D.B., 1983, Geochemical evaluation of felsic plutonic rocks in the eastern and southeastern Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-369, 57 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83369.","productDescription":"57 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0369/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36228,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0369/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36229,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0369/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36230,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0369/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36231,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0369/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae2e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du Bray, E. A.","contributorId":22333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Du Bray","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, James E.","contributorId":15595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stoeser, D. B.","contributorId":18735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeser","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186166,"text":"70186166 - 1983 - Rhodamine-WT dye losses in a mountain stream environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T09:40:51","indexId":"70186166","displayToPublicDate":"1983-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rhodamine-WT dye losses in a mountain stream environment","docAbstract":"

A significant fraction of rhodamine WT dye was lost during a short term multitracer injection experiment in a mountain stream environment. The conservative anion chloride and the sorbing cation lithium were concurrently injected. In-stream rhodamine WT concentrations were as low as 45 percent of that expected, based on chloride data. Concentration data were available from shallow‘wells’dug near the stream course and from a seep of suspected return flow. Both rhodamine WT dye and lithium were nonconservative with respect to the conservative chloride, with rhodamine WT dye closely following the behavior of the sorbing lithium.

Nonsorption and sorption mechanisms for rhodamine WT loss in a mountain stream were evaluated in laboratory experiments. Experiments evaluating nonsorption losses indicated minimal losses by such mechanisms. Laboratory experiments using sand and gravel size streambed sediments show an appreciable capacity for rhodamine WT sorption.

The detection of tracers in the shallow wells and seep indicates interaction between the stream and the flow in the surrounding subsurface, intergravel water, system. The injected tracers had ample opportunity for intimate contact with materials shown in the laboratory experiments to be potentially sorptive. It is suggested that in the study stream system, interaction with streambed gravel was a significant mechanism for the attenuation of rhodamine WT dye (relative to chloride).

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1983.tb05944.x","usgsCitation":"Bencala, K.E., Rathburn, R.E., Jackman, A.P., Kennedy, V.C., Zellweger, G.W., and Avanzino, R.J., 1983, Rhodamine-WT dye losses in a mountain stream environment: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 19, no. 6, p. 943-950, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1983.tb05944.x.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"943","endPage":"950","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338829,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58de1955e4b02ff32c699cdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":687732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rathburn, Ronald E.","contributorId":190187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rathburn","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackman, Alan P.","contributorId":28239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, Vance C.","contributorId":102063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Vance","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zellweger, Gary W.","contributorId":71171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Avanzino, Ronald J.","contributorId":24355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70012115,"text":"70012115 - 1983 - Comparison of rapid methods for chemical analysis of milligram samples of ultrafine clays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T17:53:31","indexId":"70012115","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of rapid methods for chemical analysis of milligram samples of ultrafine clays","docAbstract":"

Two rapid methods for the decomposition and chemical analysis of clays were adapted for use with 20–40-mg size samples, typical amounts of ultrafine products (≤0.5-µm diameter) obtained by modern separation methods for clay minerals. The results of these methods were compared with those of “classical” rock analyses. The two methods consisted of mixed lithium metaborate fusion and heated decomposition with HF in a closed vessel. The latter technique was modified to include subsequent evaporation with concentrated H2SO4 and re-solution in HCl, which reduced the interference of the fluoride ion in the determination of Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, and K. Results from the two methods agree sufficiently well with those of the “classical” techniques to minimize error in the calculation of clay mineral structural formulae. Representative maximum variations, in atoms per unit formula of the smectite type based on 22 negative charges, are 0.09 for Si, 0.03 for Al, 0.015 for Fe, 0.07 for Mg, 0.03 for Na, and 0.01 for K.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.1983.0310605","usgsCitation":"Rettig, S., Marinenko, J., Khoury, H.N., and Jones, B., 1983, Comparison of rapid methods for chemical analysis of milligram samples of ultrafine clays: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 31, no. 6, p. 440-446, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1983.0310605.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"440","endPage":"446","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f887e4b0c8380cd4d176","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rettig, S.L.","contributorId":42592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettig","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marinenko, J.W.","contributorId":75558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marinenko","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Khoury, Hani N.","contributorId":17765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khoury","given":"Hani","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70011356,"text":"70011356 - 1983 - Taeniolite, an uncommon lithium-mica from Coyote Peak, Humboldt County, California.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:26","indexId":"70011356","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2749,"text":"Mineralogical Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taeniolite, an uncommon lithium-mica from Coyote Peak, Humboldt County, California.","docAbstract":"Taeniolite has been found in a late pegmatitic clot in a mafic alkalic diatreme at Coyote Peak; associated species are natrolite, pectolite, aegirine, barytolamprophyllite, rasvumite and sphalerite. The taeniolite is green-brown with sp. gr. (meas.) 2.85(1) and H. 31/2. Optically it is biaxial (-) with alpha 1.541(2), beta = gamma 1.570(2), 2V approx 0o and moderate pleochroism with gamma = beta reddish-brown, alpha pale greenish brown. Single-crystal precession photographs show it to be of the 1M type, with a 5.254(2), b 9.110(4), c 10.187(2) A, beta 99.85(4)o and V = 480.4(1) A3. Combined microprobe and ion probe analyses gave SiO2 53.5, Al2O3 3.00, TiO2 1.06, FeO 3.35, MnO 0.21, MgO 18.3, Li2O 2.4, K2O 11.3, Na2O 0.27, F 6.3 = 99.69; SrO and BaO are both <0.04 wt.%; B, Be, Ca and Cl were not detected. Assuming (F + OH) = 2 and assigning 1.30 wt.% H2O gives 409(K1.01Na0.04)(Al0.01Ti0.06Fe2+0.20Mn0.01Mg1.92Li0.68)(Si3.76Al0.24)O10- (F1.40OH0.60).-G.W.R.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralogical Record","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00264628","usgsCitation":"Erd, R.C., Czamanske, G., and Meyer, C., 1983, Taeniolite, an uncommon lithium-mica from Coyote Peak, Humboldt County, California.: Mineralogical Record, v. 14, no. 1, p. 39-40.","startPage":"39","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3b1e4b08c986b31fe11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erd, Richard C.","contributorId":89899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erd","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Czamanske, G.K.","contributorId":26300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czamanske","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, C.E.","contributorId":104023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9327,"text":"ofr82511 - 1982 - Water quality of coal deposits and abandoned mines, Saginaw County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-12T11:21:42","indexId":"ofr82511","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-511","title":"Water quality of coal deposits and abandoned mines, Saginaw County, Michigan","docAbstract":"

Surface water arid;ground water from an area underlain by coal- bearing rocks in the vicinity of St. Charles Michigan, were analyzed to determine the quality characteristics of these water resources and to assess the relation between the two. Data for 15 constituents, including boron, phenol, lithium, strontium and manganese, were in such high concentrations that they could be used to differentiate between water from wells drilled into coal-bearing beds and water from streams not directly associated with coal deposits.

Ground water from abandoned mines and undisturbed coal-bearing beds is highly mineralized, and contains higher concentrations of trace metals than surface water. Water from the undistrubed coal- bearing beds and abandoned mines is not suitable for domestic, public supply, or agricultural uses. Large amounts of this highly mineralized ground water reaching local streams would have a deleterious effect on surface-water quality.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/ofr82511","usgsCitation":"Handy, A., 1982, Water quality of coal deposits and abandoned mines, Saginaw County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-511, v, 35 p, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82511.","productDescription":"v, 35 p","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343704,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0511/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0511/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Saginaw County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-84.1702,43.5689],[-84.0521,43.5668],[-84.0524,43.5235],[-83.8188,43.5217],[-83.8186,43.478],[-83.7,43.4787],[-83.7009,43.3941],[-83.6996,43.3317],[-83.6943,43.3252],[-83.694,43.2223],[-83.8154,43.2212],[-83.9318,43.2204],[-83.9294,43.1334],[-84.0519,43.1317],[-84.1687,43.1306],[-84.2874,43.1286],[-84.3684,43.1281],[-84.3698,43.2059],[-84.3701,43.2146],[-84.3717,43.3884],[-84.3718,43.4654],[-84.3713,43.4817],[-84.1719,43.4825],[-84.1702,43.5689]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Saginaw\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f99be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handy, A.H.","contributorId":104493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handy","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10419,"text":"ofr82587 - 1982 - The determination of total volatiles in rocks by loss-on-fusion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:40","indexId":"ofr82587","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-587","title":"The determination of total volatiles in rocks by loss-on-fusion","docAbstract":"A fast and accurate technique has been developed for the determination of the total volatile content of rocks. The loss on fusion (LOF) results are comparable to the conventional time-consuming wet-chemical procedure but require no additional effort or cost when conducted as part of the usual sample preparation procedure for quantitative X-ray fluorescence spectrometric analysis (XRF). The technique utilizes the weight loss of the rock when fused with a suitable blend of lithium tetraborate and lithium nitrate. A simple mass balance model is used to represent the thermogravimetric results and to identify the nature of the high temperature mass alteration reactions taking place in the fusion melt. Under the sample preparation conditions used in this study, sulfide appears to be retained quantitatively in the fusion disc sulfate, a phenomenon permitting the determination of sulfide in prepared by a conventional fusion procedure in the form of \r\nrock samples.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82587","usgsCitation":"Mossotti, V., and King, B., 1982, The determination of total volatiles in rocks by loss-on-fusion: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-587, 23 p., ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82587.","productDescription":"23 p., ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0587/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38278,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0587/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db6687ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mossotti, V.G.","contributorId":43785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mossotti","given":"V.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, B.","contributorId":78750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10603,"text":"ofr82415 - 1982 - Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments drilled in Clayton Valley, Esmeralda County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:26","indexId":"ofr82415","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-415","title":"Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments drilled in Clayton Valley, Esmeralda County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82415","usgsCitation":"Pantea, M., and Asher-Bolinder, S., 1982, Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments drilled in Clayton Valley, Esmeralda County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-415, 14 p., ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82415.","productDescription":"14 p., ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0415/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38441,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0415/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605af9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pantea, M. P.","contributorId":11224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pantea","given":"M. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asher-Bolinder, Sigrid","contributorId":57063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asher-Bolinder","given":"Sigrid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}