{"pageNumber":"1002","pageRowStart":"25025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40818,"records":[{"id":70030858,"text":"70030858 - 2006 - Linking landscape characteristics to mineral site use by band-tailed pigeons in Western Oregon: Coarse-filter conservation with fine-filter tuning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:36:48","indexId":"70030858","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking landscape characteristics to mineral site use by band-tailed pigeons in Western Oregon: Coarse-filter conservation with fine-filter tuning","docAbstract":"Mineral sites are scarce resources of high ion concentration used heavily by the Pacific Coast subpopulation of band-tailed pigeons. Over 20% of all known mineral sites used by band-tailed pigeons in western Oregon, including all hot springs, have been abandoned. Prior investigations have not analyzed stand or landscape level habitat composition in relation to band-tailed pigeon use of mineral sites. We used logistic regression models to evaluate the influence of habitat types, identified from Gap Analysis Program (GAP) products at two spatial scales, on the odds of mineral site use in Oregon (n = 69 currently used and 20 historically used). Our results indicated that the odds of current use were negatively associated with non-forested terrestrial and private land area around mineral sites. Similarly, the odds of current mineral site use were positively associated with forested and special status (GAP stewardship codes 1 and 2) land area. The most important variable associated with the odds of mineral site use was the amount of non-forested land cover at either spatial scale. Our results demonstrate the utility of meso-scale geographic information designed for regional, coarse-filter approaches to conservation in fine-filter investigation of wildlife-habitat relationships. Adjacent landcover and ownership status explain the pattern of use for known mineral sites in western Oregon. In order for conservation and management activities for band-tailed pigeons to be successful, mineral sites need to be addressed as important and vulnerable resources. Management of band-tailed pigeons should incorporate the potential for forest management activities and land ownership patterns to influence the risk of mineral site abandonment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Areas Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","doi":"10.3375/0885-8608(2006)26[38:LLCTMS]2.0.CO;2","issn":"08858608","usgsCitation":"Overton, C., Schmitz, R., and Casazza, M.L., 2006, Linking landscape characteristics to mineral site use by band-tailed pigeons in Western Oregon: Coarse-filter conservation with fine-filter tuning: Natural Areas Journal, v. 26, no. 1, p. 38-46, https://doi.org/10.3375/0885-8608(2006)26[38:LLCTMS]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"38","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267926,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3375/0885-8608(2006)26[38:LLCTMS]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":238596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a47d6e4b0c8380cd679fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overton, C.T.","contributorId":36482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitz, R.A.","contributorId":101447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitz","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030538,"text":"70030538 - 2006 - Uncertainty of earthquake losses due to model uncertainty of input ground motions in the Los Angeles area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030538","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainty of earthquake losses due to model uncertainty of input ground motions in the Los Angeles area","docAbstract":"In a recent study we used the Monte Carlo simulation method to evaluate the ground-motion uncertainty of the 2002 update of the California probabilistic seismic hazard model. The resulting ground-motion distribution is used in this article to evaluate the contribution of the hazard model to the uncertainty in earthquake loss ratio, the ratio of the expected loss to the total value of a structure. We use the Hazards U.S. (HAZUS) methodology for loss estimation because it is a widely used and publicly available risk model and intended for regional studies by public agencies and for use by governmental decision makers. We found that the loss ratio uncertainty depends not only on the ground-motion uncertainty but also on the mean ground-motion level. The ground-motion uncertainty, as measured by the coefficient of variation (COV), is amplified when converting to the loss ratio uncertainty because loss increases concavely with ground motion. By comparing the ground-motion uncertainty with the corresponding loss ratio uncertainty for the structural damage of light wood-frame buildings in Los Angeles area, we show that the COV of loss ratio is almost twice the COV of ground motion with a return period of 475 years around the San Andreas fault and other major faults in the area. The loss ratio for the 2475-year ground-motion maps is about a factor of three higher than for the 475-year maps. However, the uncertainties in ground motion and loss ratio for the longer return periods are lower than for the shorter return periods because the uncertainty parameters in the hazard logic tree are independent of the return period, but the mean ground motion increases with return period.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050130","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Cao, T., and Petersen, M., 2006, Uncertainty of earthquake losses due to model uncertainty of input ground motions in the Los Angeles area: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 96, no. 2, p. 365-376, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050130.","startPage":"365","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212047,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050130"},{"id":239455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc27e4b08c986b328a7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cao, T.","contributorId":16617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cao","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petersen, M.D.","contributorId":51319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petersen","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030252,"text":"70030252 - 2006 - Monitoring bird populations in small geographic areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030252","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2919,"text":"Occasional Paper of the Canadian Wildlife Service","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring bird populations in small geographic areas","docAbstract":"Numerous methods exist for monitoring bird populations, and there is a large literature describing them. There are few resources, however, that provide comprehensive advice on every step of organizing and carrying out a survey, from the early stages of planning to final use of the data. Even fewer resources are designed to meet the needs of a wide variety of potential users, from amateurs interested in change of bird life in a local study preserve to professionals testing hypotheses on the response of birds to habitat management, although much of the advice should be the same for every monitoring program. Whether survey objectives are very modest or rigorously scientific, samples must be sufficiently numerous and well distributed to provide meaningful results, and the survey should be well designed to ensure that the money and effort going into it are not wasted. This document is intended to be a complete resource for anyone planning to organize monitoring of noncolonial landbirds within a relatively small geographic area (e.g., from the size of a woodlot to a large park). The first of its two parts provides background explaining the importance of good study design and gives specific advice on all aspects of project planning and execution of high-quality data collection for the purpose of hypothesis testing. The second part is self-contained and nontechnical and describes complete plans for a site-specific checklist survey, suitable for addressing monitoring questions frequently asked by amateurs and for involvement of volunteers in data collection. Throughout are references to additional resources, from background literature to sources of existing survey protocols, analysis software, and tools for archiving data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Occasional Paper of the Canadian Wildlife Service","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"05766370","usgsCitation":"Dunn, E.H., Bart, J., Collins, B., Craig, B., Dale, B., Downes, C., Francis, C., Woodley, S., and Zorn, P., 2006, Monitoring bird populations in small geographic areas: Occasional Paper of the Canadian Wildlife Service, no. SPEC. ISS., p. 1-59.","startPage":"1","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"59","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d91e4b0c8380cd70473","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dunn, Erica H.","contributorId":35841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bart, J.","contributorId":76272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collins, B.T.","contributorId":97315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"B.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Craig, B.","contributorId":15827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dale, B.","contributorId":60570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dale","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Downes, C.M.","contributorId":46762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downes","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Francis, C.M.","contributorId":29092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francis","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Woodley, S.","contributorId":36361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodley","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zorn, P.","contributorId":61645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zorn","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":1001078,"text":"1001078 - 2006 - Recruitment of Hexagenia mayfly nymphs in western Lake Erie linked to environmental variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T09:35:33","indexId":"1001078","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recruitment of Hexagenia mayfly nymphs in western Lake Erie linked to environmental variability","docAbstract":"<p>After a 40-year absence caused by pollution and eutrophication, burrowing mayflies (Hexagenia spp.) recolonized western Lake Erie in the mid 1990s as water quality improved. Mayflies are an important food resource for the economically valuable yellow perch fishery and are considered to be major indicator species of the ecological condition of the lake. Since their reappearance, however, mayfly populations have suffered occasional unexplained recruitment failures. In 2002, a failure of fall recruitment followed an unusually warm summer in which western Lake Erie became temporarily stratified, resulting in low dissolved oxygen levels near the lake floor. In the present study, we examined a possible link between Hexagenia recruitment and periods of intermittent stratification for the years 1997-2002. A simple model was developed using surface temperature, wind speed, and water column data from 2003 to predict stratification. The model was then used to detect episodes of stratification in past years for which water column data are unavailable. Low or undetectable mayfly recruitment occurred in 1997 and 2002, years in which there was frequent or extended stratification between June and September. Highest mayfly reproduction in 2000 corresponded to the fewest stratified periods. These results suggest that even relatively brief periods of stratification can result in loss of larval mayfly recruitment, probably through the effects of hypoxia. A trend toward increasing frequency of hot summers in the Great Lakes region could result in recurrent loss of mayfly larvae in western Lake Erie and other shallow areas in the Great Lakes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[0601:ROHMNI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bridgeman, T., Schloesser, D.W., and Krause, A.E., 2006, Recruitment of Hexagenia mayfly nymphs in western Lake Erie linked to environmental variability: Ecological Applications, v. 16, no. 2, p. 601-611, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[0601:ROHMNI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"601","endPage":"611","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6966ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridgeman, Thomas B.","contributorId":27394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridgeman","given":"Thomas B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schloesser, Don W.","contributorId":21485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krause, Ann E.","contributorId":9201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krause","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1001077,"text":"1001077 - 2006 - Estimating the size of fish consumed by double-crested cormorants: Considerations for better understanding cormorant-fish interactions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T09:49:22","indexId":"1001077","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the size of fish consumed by double-crested cormorants: Considerations for better understanding cormorant-fish interactions","docAbstract":"<p><span>We measured 926 smallmouth bass (</span><i>Micropterus dolomieu</i><span>), 6,935 yellow perch (</span><i>Perca flavescens</i><span>), 6,416 rock bass (</span><i>Ambloplites rupestris</i><span>), and 4,852 pumpkinseed (</span><i>Lepomis gibbosus</i><span>) otoliths recovered from double-crested cormorant (</span><i>Phalacrocorax auritus</i><span>) pellets to determine the sizes (total lengths) of these fish consumed by cormorants. Otoliths were recovered from cormorant pellets collected from 1993 to 2002 at six colonies along the eastern Lake Ontario&ndash;St. Lawrence River corridor. Otolith &ndash;length fish length regressions were used to estimate the length of fish species consumed by cormorants. Only 1.5% of these otoliths had no visible erosion, 33.3% had minor erosion, and 65.2% had moderate erosion. We found that the exclusive use of uneroded otoliths severely limited the sample size available for estimating fish size and likely would cause an overestimation of fish size. Species-specific differences were evident when using erosion criteria to determine fish size and could result in bias when estimating length, especially for species such as smallmouth bass whose otoliths possess a rostrum that is readily eroded. Using a random sample (n = 100) of all intact otoliths recovered in pellets provided a conservative estimate of fish length that was smaller than that derived from uneroded or minimally eroded otoliths. Annual variation in the size of fish consumed by cormorants was more pronounced than seasonal variation for most species. We describe and recommend a new technique that incorporates both chick regurgitant and pellet samples for estimating the size of fish consumed by cormorants.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2006)32[91:ETSOFC]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., Ross, R.M., McKenna, J., and Lewis, G.E., 2006, Estimating the size of fish consumed by double-crested cormorants: Considerations for better understanding cormorant-fish interactions: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 32, no. 1, p. 91-101, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2006)32[91:ETSOFC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"101","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc0de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Robert M.","contributorId":62562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKenna, James E.","contributorId":9217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lewis, Graham E.","contributorId":69520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030503,"text":"70030503 - 2006 - Evidence of regional subsidence and associated interior wetland loss induced by hydrocarbon production, Gulf Coast region, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:13","indexId":"70030503","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of regional subsidence and associated interior wetland loss induced by hydrocarbon production, Gulf Coast region, USA","docAbstract":"Analysis of remote images, elevation surveys, stratigraphic cross-sections, and hydrocarbon production data demonstrates that extensive areas of wetland loss in the northern Gulf Coast region of the United States were associated with large-volume fluid production from mature petroleum fields. Interior wetland losses at many sites in coastal Louisiana and Texas are attributed largely to accelerated land subsidence and fault reactivation induced by decreased reservoir pressures as a result of rapid or prolonged extraction of gas, oil, and associated brines. Evidence that moderately-deep hydrocarbon production has induced land-surface subsidence and reactivated faults that intersect the surface include: (1) close temporal and spatial correlation of fluid production with surficial changes including rapid subsidence of wetland sediments near producing fields, (2) measurable offsets of shallow strata across the zones of wetland loss, (3) large reductions in subsurface pressures where subsidence rates are high, (4) coincidence of orientation and direction of displacement between surface fault traces and faults that bound the reservoirs, and (5) accelerated subsidence rates near producing fields compared to subsidence rates in surrounding areas or compared to geological rates of subsidence. Based on historical trends, subsidence rates in the Gulf Coast region near producing fields most likely will decrease in the future because most petroleum fields are nearly depleted. Alternatively, continued extraction of conventional energy resources as well as potential production of alternative energy resources (geopressured-geothermal fluids) in the Gulf Coast region could increase subsidence and land losses and also contribute to inundation of areas of higher elevation. ?? Springer-Verlag 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00254-006-0207-3","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., Bernier, J., and Barras, J., 2006, Evidence of regional subsidence and associated interior wetland loss induced by hydrocarbon production, Gulf Coast region, USA: Environmental Geology, v. 50, no. 2, p. 261-274, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0207-3.","startPage":"261","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212071,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0207-3"},{"id":239487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d6ae4b0c8380cd52fdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, R.A.","contributorId":53849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernier, J.C.","contributorId":30442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernier","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barras, J.A.","contributorId":44260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barras","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030340,"text":"70030340 - 2006 - The contingent behavior of charter fishing participants on the Chesapeake Bay: Welfare estimates associated with water quality improvements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030340","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2261,"text":"Journal of Environmental Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The contingent behavior of charter fishing participants on the Chesapeake Bay: Welfare estimates associated with water quality improvements","docAbstract":"Water quality in the Chesapeake Bay has deteriorated over recent years. Historically, fishing has contributed to the region's local economy in terms of commercial and recreational harvests. A contingent behavior model is used to estimate welfare measures for charter fishing participants with regard to a hypothetical improvement in water quality. Using a truncated Poisson count model corrected for endogenous stratification, it was found that charter fishers not only contribute to the local market economy, but they also place positive non-market value on preserving the Bay's water quality. Using two estimates for travels costs it is estimated that the individual consumer surplus is $200 and $117 per trip, and the average individual consumer surplus values for an improvement in water quality is $75 and $44 for two models estimated. ?? 2006 University of Newcastle upon Tyne.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Planning and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/09640560500508064","issn":"09640568","usgsCitation":"Poor, P., and Breece, M., 2006, The contingent behavior of charter fishing participants on the Chesapeake Bay: Welfare estimates associated with water quality improvements: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, v. 49, no. 2, p. 265-278, https://doi.org/10.1080/09640560500508064.","startPage":"265","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211745,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640560500508064"},{"id":239094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa5be4b08c986b3227e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poor, P.J.","contributorId":21348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poor","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breece, M.","contributorId":16652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breece","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030500,"text":"70030500 - 2006 - Proximity to crops and residential to agricultural herbicides in Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030500","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Proximity to crops and residential to agricultural herbicides in Iowa","docAbstract":"Rural residents can be exposed to agricultural pesticides through the proximity of their homes to crop fields. Previously, we developed a method to create historical crop maps using a geographic information system. The aim of the present study was to determine whether crop maps are useful for predicting levels of crop herbicides in carpet dust samples from residences. From homes of participants in a case-control study of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Iowa (1998-2000), we collected vacuum cleaner dust and measured 14 herbicides with high use on corn and soybeans in Iowa. Of 112 homes, 58% of residences had crops within 500 m of their home, an intermediate distance for primary drift from aerial and ground applications. Detection rates for herbicides ranged from 0% for metribuzin and cyanazine to 95% for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Six herbicides used almost exclusively in agriculture were detected in 28% of homes. Detections and concentrations were highest in homes with an active farmer. Increasing acreage of corn and soybean fields within 750 m of homes was associated with significantly elevated odds of detecting agricultural herbicides compared with homes with no crops within 750 m (adjusted odds ratio per 10 acres = 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.11). Herbicide concentrations also increased significantly with increasing acreage within 750 m. We evaluated the distance of crop fields from the home at < 100, 101-250, 251-500, and 501-750 m. Including the crop buffer distance parameters in the model did not significantly improve the fit compared with a model with total acres within 750 m. Our results indicate that crop maps may be a useful method for estimating levels of herbicides in homes from nearby crop fields.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Health Perspectives","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1289/ehp.8770","issn":"00916765","usgsCitation":"Ward, M., Lubin, J., Giglierano, J., Colt, J., Wolter, C., Bekiroglu, N., Camann, D., Hartge, P., and Nuckols, J., 2006, Proximity to crops and residential to agricultural herbicides in Iowa: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 114, no. 6, p. 893-897, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8770.","startPage":"893","endPage":"897","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477459,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8770","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212013,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8770"},{"id":239416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8fbee4b0c8380cd7f92d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, M.H.","contributorId":35939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lubin, J.","contributorId":8289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giglierano, J.","contributorId":78544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giglierano","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Colt, J.S.","contributorId":65284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colt","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wolter, C.","contributorId":55639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolter","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bekiroglu, N.","contributorId":93276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekiroglu","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Camann, D.","contributorId":28808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camann","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hartge, P.","contributorId":81309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartge","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nuckols, J.R.","contributorId":85385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nuckols","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70030381,"text":"70030381 - 2006 - Evaluation of gridded snow water equivalent and satellite snow cover products for mountain basins in a hydrologic model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030381","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluation of gridded snow water equivalent and satellite snow cover products for mountain basins in a hydrologic model","docAbstract":"The USGS precipitation-runoff modelling system (PRMS) hydrologic model was used to evaluate experimental, gridded, 1 km2 snow-covered area (SCA) and snow water equivalent (SWE) products for two headwater basins within the Rio Grande (i.e. upper Rio Grande River basin) and Salt River (i.e. Black River basin) drainages in the southwestern USA. The SCA product was the fraction of each 1 km2 pixel covered by snow and was derived from NOAA advanced very high-resolution radiometer imagery. The SWE product was developed by multiplying the SCA product by SWE estimates interpolated from National Resources Conservation Service snow telemetry point measurements for a 6 year period (1995-2000). Measured SCA and SWE estimates were consistently lower than values estimated from temperature and precipitation within PRMS. The greatest differences occurred in the relatively complex terrain of the Rio Grande basin, as opposed to the relatively homogeneous terrain of the Black River basin, where differences were small. Differences between modelled and measured snow were different for the accumulation period versus the ablation period and had an elevational trend. Assimilating the measured snowfields into a version of PRMS calibrated to achieve water balance without assimilation led to reduced performance in estimating streamflow for the Rio Grande and increased performance in estimating streamflow for the Black River basin. Correcting the measured SCA and SWE for canopy effects improved simulations by adding snow mostly in the mid-to-high elevations, where satellite estimates of SCA are lower than model estimates. Copyright ?? 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6130","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Dressler, K., Leavesley, G., Bales, R., and Fassnacht, S., 2006, Evaluation of gridded snow water equivalent and satellite snow cover products for mountain basins in a hydrologic model, <i>in</i> Hydrological Processes, v. 20, no. 4, p. 673-688, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6130.","startPage":"673","endPage":"688","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211860,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6130"},{"id":239232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c7ee4b0c8380cd52b8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dressler, K.A.","contributorId":9455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dressler","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bales, R.C.","contributorId":10379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fassnacht, S.R.","contributorId":58842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fassnacht","given":"S.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028408,"text":"70028408 - 2006 - Quantifying surface water–groundwater interactions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:42:22","indexId":"70028408","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying surface water–groundwater interactions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present a method for determining streambed seepage rates using time series thermal data. The new method is based on quantifying changes in phase and amplitude of temperature variations between pairs of subsurface sensors. For a reasonable range of streambed thermal properties and sensor spacings the time series method should allow reliable estimation of seepage rates for a range of at least ±10 m d</span><sup>−1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(±1.2 × 10</span><sup>−2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>m s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>), with amplitude variations being most sensitive at low flow rates and phase variations retaining sensitivity out to much higher rates. Compared to forward modeling, the new method requires less observational data and less setup and data handling and is faster, particularly when interpreting many long data sets. The time series method is insensitive to streambed scour and sedimentation, which allows for application under a wide range of flow conditions and allows time series estimation of variable streambed hydraulic conductivity. This new approach should facilitate wider use of thermal methods and improve understanding of the complex spatial and temporal dynamics of surface water–groundwater interactions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004787","usgsCitation":"Hatch, C.E., Fisher, A.T., Revenaugh, J.S., Constantz, J., and Ruehl, C., 2006, Quantifying surface water–groundwater interactions using time series analysis of streambed thermal records: Method development: Water Resources Research, v. 42, no. 10, Article W10410; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004787.","productDescription":"Article W10410; 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477544,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005wr004787","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237245,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91e1e4b0c8380cd80508","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Christine E","contributorId":191364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Andrew T.","contributorId":178403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Revenaugh, Justin S.","contributorId":22566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Revenaugh","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Constantz, Jim","contributorId":66338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"Jim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruehl, Chris","contributorId":181877,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruehl","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028101,"text":"70028101 - 2006 - Instantaneous unit hydrograph evaluation for rainfall-runoff modeling of small watersheds in North and South Central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:51","indexId":"70028101","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2362,"text":"Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Instantaneous unit hydrograph evaluation for rainfall-runoff modeling of small watersheds in North and South Central Texas","docAbstract":"Data from over 1,600 storms at 91 stations in Texas are analyzed to evaluate an instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) model for rainfall-runoff models. The model is fit to observed data using two different merit functions: a sum of squared errors function, and an absolute error at the peak discharge time (QpMAX) function. The model is compared to two other models using several criteria. Analysis suggests that the Natural Resources Conservation Service Dimensionless Unit Hydrograph, Commons' Texas hydrograph, and the Rayleigh IUH perform similarly. As the NRCS and Commons' models are tabulations, the Rayleigh model is an adequate substitute when a continuous model is necessary. The adjustable shape parameter in the Rayleigh model does not make any dramatic improvement in overall performance for these data, thus fixed shape hydrographs are adequate for these watersheds. ?? 2006 ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2006)132:5(479)","issn":"07339437","usgsCitation":"Cleveland, T., He, X., Asquith, W., Fang, X., and Thompson, D., 2006, Instantaneous unit hydrograph evaluation for rainfall-runoff modeling of small watersheds in North and South Central Texas: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, v. 132, no. 5, p. 479-485, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2006)132:5(479).","startPage":"479","endPage":"485","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210307,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2006)132:5(479)"},{"id":237191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c29e4b0c8380cd62b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleveland, T.G.","contributorId":40094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"He, X.","contributorId":85540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Asquith, W.H.","contributorId":87980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fang, X.","contributorId":32288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, D.B.","contributorId":74418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028409,"text":"70028409 - 2006 - Using self-organizing maps to determine observation threshold limit predictions in highly variant data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70028409","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using self-organizing maps to determine observation threshold limit predictions in highly variant data","docAbstract":"A significant data quality challenge for highly variant systems surrounds the limited ability to quantify operationally reasonable limits on the data elements being collected and provide reasonable threshold predictions. In many instances, the number of influences that drive a resulting value or operational range is too large to enable physical sampling for each influencer, or is too complicated to accurately model in an explicit simulation. An alternative method to determine reasonable observation thresholds is to employ an automation algorithm that would emulate a human analyst visually inspecting data for limits. Using the visualization technique of self-organizing maps (SOM) on data having poorly understood relationships, a methodology for determining threshold limits was developed. To illustrate this approach, analysis of environmental influences that drive the abundance of a target indicator species (the pink shrimp, Farfantepenaeus duorarum) provided a real example of applicability. The relationship between salinity and temperature and abundance of F. duorarum is well documented, but the effect of changes in water quality upstream on pink shrimp abundance is not well understood. The highly variant nature surrounding catch of a specific number of organisms in the wild, and the data available from up-stream hydrology measures for salinity and temperature, made this an ideal candidate for the approach to provide a determination about the influence of changes in hydrology on populations of organisms.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition XV","conferenceDate":"17 April 2006 through 19 April 2006","conferenceLocation":"Kissimmee, FL","language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.667802","issn":"0277786X","isbn":"0819462918; 9780819462916","usgsCitation":"Paganoni, C., Chang, K., and Robblee, M., 2006, Using self-organizing maps to determine observation threshold limit predictions in highly variant data, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 6235, Kissimmee, FL, 17 April 2006 through 19 April 2006, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.667802.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210351,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.667802"},{"id":237246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6235","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc09be4b08c986b32a208","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paganoni, C.A.","contributorId":10984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paganoni","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chang, K.C.","contributorId":44732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robblee, M. B.","contributorId":23879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robblee","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029004,"text":"70029004 - 2006 - CO2 and CH4 exchanges between land ecosystems and the atmosphere in northern high latitudes over the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70029004","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CO2 and CH4 exchanges between land ecosystems and the atmosphere in northern high latitudes over the 21st century","docAbstract":"Terrestrial ecosystems of the northern high latitudes (above 50??N) exchange large amounts of CO2 and CH4 with the atmosphere each year. Here we use a process-based model to estimate the budget of CO 2 and CH4 of the region for current climate conditions and for future scenarios by considering effects of permafrost dynamics, CO 2 fertilization of photosynthesis and fire. We find that currently the region is a net source of carbon to the atmosphere at 276 Tg C yr -1. We project that throughout the 21st century, the region will most likely continue as a net source of carbon and the source will increase by up to 473 Tg C yr-1 by the end of the century compared to the current emissions. However our coupled carbon and climate model simulations show that these emissions will exert relatively small radiative forcing on global climate system compared to large amounts of anthropogenic emissions. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006GL026972","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Zhuang, Q., Melillo, J.M., Sarofim, M., Kicklighter, D., McGuire, A., Felzer, B., Sokolov, A., Prinn, R., Steudler, P., and Hu, S., 2006, CO2 and CH4 exchanges between land ecosystems and the atmosphere in northern high latitudes over the 21st century: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 33, no. 17, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026972.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477518,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006gl026972","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":209984,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026972"},{"id":236765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2d2e4b0c8380cd4b3dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhuang, Q.","contributorId":40772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhuang","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melillo, J. M.","contributorId":73139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melillo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sarofim, M.C.","contributorId":27330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sarofim","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kicklighter, D. W.","contributorId":31537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kicklighter","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[{"id":13627,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":420907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Felzer, B.S.","contributorId":79675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felzer","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sokolov, A.","contributorId":11082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sokolov","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Prinn, R.G.","contributorId":26861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prinn","given":"R.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Steudler, P.A.","contributorId":38337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steudler","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hu, S.","contributorId":74152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70028414,"text":"70028414 - 2006 - Genetic structure of natural and restored shoalgrass Halodule wrightii populations in the NW Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T09:23:19","indexId":"70028414","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Genetic structure of natural and restored shoalgrass <i>Halodule wrightii</i> populations in the NW Gulf of Mexico","title":"Genetic structure of natural and restored shoalgrass Halodule wrightii populations in the NW Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>The decline of seagrass communities worldwide has sparked an urgent need for effective restoration strategies, which require a working knowledge of population genetic structure. Halodule wrighti is a common seagrass of the Caribbean region that is being restored to areas of the Gulf of Mexico, yet little is known of its population genetics. This study provides an assessment of individual, clonal and population effects on the genetic structure of 4 natural H. wrightii populations occupying 170 km of coastline in and around Galveston Bay, Texas, for comparison with 7 restored populations ranging in age from 2 to 7 yr. By using molecular markers, in the form of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), we found considerable variation in clonal richness at the population scale (from 0.54 to 0.82), with the restored populations occupying an intermediate to high position within this range. Replicate sampling within individual seagrass beds of 3 to 5m diameter generally revealed higher levels of clonal richness, elevated by 4 to 22% over that at the population scale, suggesting that seed recruitment is more important at the local scale than at distances of &gt;10 m. Genetic diversity was 2 to 3 times less than that expected for a widespread, outcrossing species like H. wrightii, although a 170% increase in the frequency of variable markers relative to the mean for all other populations was noted for a volunteer population that had recruited from a mixture of donor materials planted at a nearby restoration site. Within the spatial extent of this study, natural populations adhered to a model of isolation-by-distance, whereas donor materials from these same natural populations were undergoing a rapid genetic convergence within a restored site where they had been planted together.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Travis, S., and Sheridan, P., 2006, Genetic structure of natural and restored shoalgrass Halodule wrightii populations in the NW Gulf of Mexico: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 322, p. 117-127.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364748,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/24870863"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.94384765625,\n              30.15462722077597\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.7288818359375,\n              27.843933386070514\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.27294921875,\n              27.401032392938866\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.3505859375,\n              29.38217507514529\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.94384765625,\n              30.15462722077597\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"322","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1587e4b0c8380cd54e67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Travis, S.E. 0000-0001-9338-8953","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9338-8953","contributorId":28718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Travis","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheridan, P.","contributorId":24983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028951,"text":"70028951 - 2006 - Diatom diversity in chronically versus episodically acidified adirondack streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028951","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2088,"text":"International Review of Hydrobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diatom diversity in chronically versus episodically acidified adirondack streams","docAbstract":"The relationship between algal species richness and diversity, and pH is controversial. Furthermore, it is still unknown how episodic stream acidification following atmospheric deposition affects species richness and diversity. Here we analyzed water chemistry and diatom epiphyton dynamics and showed their contrasting behavior in chronically vs. episodically acidic streams in the Adirondack region. Species richness and diversity were significantly higher in the chronically acidic brown water stream, where organic acidity was significantly higher and the ratio of inorganic to organic monomeric aluminum significantly lower. Conversely, in the episodically acidic clear water stream, the inorganic acidity and pH were significantly higher and the diatom communities were very species-poor. This suggests that episodic acidification in the Adirondacks may be more stressful for stream biota than chronic acidity. Strong negative linear relationships between species diversity, Eunotia exigua, and dissolved organic carbon against pH were revealed after the influence of non-linear temporal trends was partialled out using a novel way of temporal modeling. ?? 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Review of Hydrobiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/iroh.200610913","issn":"14342944","usgsCitation":"Passy, S., Ciugulea, I., and Lawrence, G., 2006, Diatom diversity in chronically versus episodically acidified adirondack streams: International Review of Hydrobiology, v. 91, no. 6, p. 594-608, https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.200610913.","startPage":"594","endPage":"608","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209779,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.200610913"},{"id":236489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00abe4b0c8380cd4f853","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Passy, S.I.","contributorId":50324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passy","given":"S.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ciugulea, I.","contributorId":58829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciugulea","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, G.B. 0000-0002-8035-2350","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":76347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"G.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028189,"text":"70028189 - 2006 - Precessional forcing of lacustrine sedimentation in the late Cenozoic Chemeron Basin, Central Kenya Rift, and calibration of the Gauss/Matuyama boundary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028189","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precessional forcing of lacustrine sedimentation in the late Cenozoic Chemeron Basin, Central Kenya Rift, and calibration of the Gauss/Matuyama boundary","docAbstract":"The fluviolacustrine sedimentary sequence of the Chemeron Formation exposed in the Barsemoi River drainage, Tugen Hills, Kenya, contains a package of five successive diatomite/fluvial cycles that record the periodic development of freshwater lakes within the axial portion of the Central Kenya Rift. The overwhelming abundance in the diatomite of planktonic species of the genera Aulacoseira and Stephanodiscus, and the virtual absence of benthic littoral diatoms and detrital material indicate areally extensive, deep lake systems. A paleomagnetic reversal stratigraphy has been determined and chronostratigraphic tie points established by 40Ar/39Ar dating of intercalated tuffs. The sequence spans the interval 3.1-2.35??Ma and bears a detailed record of the Gauss/Matuyama paleomagnetic transition. The 40Ar/39Ar age for this boundary of 2.589 ?? 0.003??Ma can be adjusted to concordance with the Astronomical Polarity Time Scale (APTS) on the basis of an independent calibration to 2.610??Ma, 29??kyr older than the previous APTS age. The diatomites recur at an orbital precessional interval of 23??kyr and are centered on a 400-kyr eccentricity maximum. It is concluded that these diatomite/fluvial cycles reflect a narrow interval of orbitally forced wet/dry climatic conditions that may be expressed regionally across East Africa. The timing of the lacustrine pulses relative to predicted insolation models favors origination of moisture from the northern Africa monsoon, rather than local circulation driven by direct equatorial insolation. This moisture event at 2.7-2.55??Ma, and later East African episodes at 1.9-1.7 and 1.1-0.9??Ma, are approximately coincident with major global climatic and oceanographic events. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2006.04.009","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Deino, A., Kingston, J., Glen, J.M., Edgar, R., and Hill, A., 2006, Precessional forcing of lacustrine sedimentation in the late Cenozoic Chemeron Basin, Central Kenya Rift, and calibration of the Gauss/Matuyama boundary: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 247, no. 1-2, p. 41-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.04.009.","startPage":"41","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237022,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210180,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.04.009"}],"volume":"247","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a810ae4b0c8380cd7b330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deino, A.L.","contributorId":61153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deino","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kingston, J.D.","contributorId":100599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kingston","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glen, J. M.","contributorId":37338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edgar, R.K.","contributorId":92037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, A.","contributorId":72189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028484,"text":"70028484 - 2006 - Thermal maturity patterns in the Ordovician and Devonian of Pennsylvania using conodont color alteration index (CAI) and vitrinite reflectance (%Ro)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70028484","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2897,"text":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal maturity patterns in the Ordovician and Devonian of Pennsylvania using conodont color alteration index (CAI) and vitrinite reflectance (%Ro)","docAbstract":"This new series of maps enhances previous thermal maturity maps in Pennsylvania by establishing: 1) new subsurface CAI data points for the Ordovician and Devonian and 2) new %Ro and Rock Eval subsurface data points for Middle and Upper Devonian black shale units. Thermal maturity values for the Ordovician and Devonian strata are of major interest because they contain the source rocks for most of the oil and natural gas resources in the basin. Thermal maturity patterns of the Middle Ordovician Trenton Group are evaluated here because they closely approximate those of the overlying Ordovician Utica Shale that is believed to be the source rock for the regional oil and gas accumulation in Lower Silurian sandstones and for natural gas fields in fractured dolomite reservoirs of the Ordovician Black River-Trenton Limestones. Improved CAI-based thermal maturity maps of the Ordovician are important to identify areas of optimum gas generation from the Utica Shale and to provide constraints for interpreting the origin of oil and gas in the Lower Silurian regional accumulation and Ordovician Black River-Trenton fields. Thermal maturity maps of the Devonian will better constrain burial history-petroleum generation models of the Utica Shale, as well as place limitations on the origin of regional oil and gas accumulations in Upper Devonian sandstone and Middle to Upper Devonian black shale.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01941453","usgsCitation":"Repetski, J., Ryder, R.T., Harper, J., and Trippi, M., 2006, Thermal maturity patterns in the Ordovician and Devonian of Pennsylvania using conodont color alteration index (CAI) and vitrinite reflectance (%Ro): Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences, v. 28, no. 3, p. 266-294.","startPage":"266","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb249e4b08c986b3256cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Repetski, J.E.","contributorId":38579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Repetski","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryder, R. T.","contributorId":96673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harper, J.A.","contributorId":41982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trippi, M.H. 0000-0002-1398-3427","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-3427","contributorId":22445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trippi","given":"M.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70194220,"text":"70194220 - 2006 - Effects of radiomarking on prairie falcons: Attachment failures provide insights about survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T08:54:09","indexId":"70194220","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of radiomarking on prairie falcons: Attachment failures provide insights about survival","docAbstract":"<p>From 1999–2002, we attached satellite-received platform transmitter terminals (PTTs) to 40 adult female prairie falcons (<i>Falco mexicanus</i>) on their nesting grounds in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area (NCA) in southwest Idaho. We used 3 variations of a backpack harness design that had been used previously on raptors. Each radiomarked falcon also received a color leg band with a unique alphanumeric code. We monitored survival of birds using radiotelemetry and searched for marked birds on their nesting grounds during breeding seasons after marking. Because 6 falcons removed their harnesses during the first year, we were able to compare survival rates of birds that shed PTTs with those that retained them. We describe a harness design that failed prematurely as well as designs that proved successful for long-term PTT attachment. We resighted 21 marked individuals on nesting areas 1–5 years after they were radiomarked and documented 13 mortalities of satellite-tracked falcons. We used a Cormack-Jolly-Seber model to estimate apparent survival probability based on band resighting and telemetry data. Platform transmitter terminals had no short-term effects on falcons or their nesting success during the nesting season they were marked, but birds that shed their transmitters increased their probability of survival. Estimated annual survival for birds that shed their transmitters was 87% compared to 49% for birds wearing transmitters. We discuss possible reasons for differences in apparent survival rates and offer recommendations for future marking of falcons.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[116:EOROPF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Steenhof, K., Bates, K.K., Fuller, M.R., Kochert, M.N., McKinley, J.O., and Lukacs, P., 2006, Effects of radiomarking on prairie falcons: Attachment failures provide insights about survival: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 34, no. 1, p. 116-126, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[116:EOROPF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"126","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.62811279296875,\n              42.79741601927622\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.36193847656249,\n              42.79741601927622\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.36193847656249,\n              43.50872101129684\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.62811279296875,\n              43.50872101129684\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.62811279296875,\n              42.79741601927622\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61142de4b06e28e9c2587a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steenhof, Karen karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","contributorId":30585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhof","given":"Karen","email":"karen_steenhof@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":722748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bates, Kirk K.","contributorId":43723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kochert, Michael N. 0000-0002-4380-3298 mkochert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-3298","contributorId":3037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochert","given":"Michael","email":"mkochert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKinley, James O.","contributorId":176823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinley","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lukacs, Paul M.","contributorId":43285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukacs","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028870,"text":"70028870 - 2006 - Incorporation of seawater into mid-ocean ridge lava flows during emplacement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028870","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporation of seawater into mid-ocean ridge lava flows during emplacement","docAbstract":"Evidence for the interaction between seawater and lava during emplacement on the deep seafloor can be observed in solidified flows at a variety of scales including rapid quenching of their outer crusts and the formation of lava pillars through the body of the flow. Recently, an additional interaction, incorporation of heated seawater (vapor) into the body of a flow, has been proposed. Large voids and vesicles beneath the surface crusts of mid-ocean ridge crest lobate and sheet lava flows and lava drips found within those cavities have been cited as evidence for this interaction. The voids resulting from this interaction contribute to the high porosity of the shallow ocean crust and play an important role in crustal permeability and hydrothermal circulation at mid-ocean ridges, and thus it is important to understand their origin. We analyze lava samples from the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise and intermediate-spreading Galapagos Spreading Center to characterize this process, identify the source of the vapor, and investigate the implications this would have on submarine lava flow dynamics. We find that lava samples that have interacted with a vapor have a zone of increased vesicularity on the underside of the lava crust and a coating of precipitate minerals (i.e., crystal fringe) that are distinct in form and composition from those crystallized from the melt. We use thermochemical modeling to simulate the reaction between the lava and a vapor and find that only with seawater can we reproduce the phase assemblage we observe within the crystal fringes present in the samples. Model results suggest that large-scale contamination of the lava by mass exchange with the vapor is unlikely, but we observe local enrichment of the lava in Cl resulting from the incorporation of a brine phase separated from the seawater. We suggest that high eruption rates are necessary for seawater incorporation to occur, but the mechanism by which seawater enters the flow has yet to be resolved. A persistent vapor phase may be important in inhibiting the collapse of lava flow roofs during natural waxing and waning of lava levels during emplacement allowing lava pathways to be maintained during long lived eruptions. In addition, we illustrate the potential for a persistent vapor layer to increase local flow rates within submarine flows by up to a factor of three, thereby influencing how lava is distributed across the ridge crest. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.043","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Soule, S., Fornari, D., Perfit, M., Ridley, W., Reed, M., and Cann, J., 2006, Incorporation of seawater into mid-ocean ridge lava flows during emplacement: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 252, no. 3-4, p. 289-307, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.043.","startPage":"289","endPage":"307","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209959,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.043"},{"id":236728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"252","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39f1e4b0c8380cd61ac0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soule, S.A.","contributorId":17816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soule","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fornari, D.J.","contributorId":49520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fornari","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perfit, M.R.","contributorId":45467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perfit","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ridley, W.I.","contributorId":72122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, M.H.","contributorId":91606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cann, J.R.","contributorId":100158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cann","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70029171,"text":"70029171 - 2006 - Spawning habitat associations and selection by fishes in a flow-regulated prairie river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70029171","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spawning habitat associations and selection by fishes in a flow-regulated prairie river","docAbstract":"We used histological features to identify the spawning chronologies of river-dwelling populations of slenderhead darter Percina phoxocephala, suckermouth minnow Phenacobius mirabilis, stonecat Noturus flavus, and red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis and to relate their reproductive status to microhabitat associations. We identified spawning and nonspawning differences in habitat associations resulting from I year of field data via logistic regression modeling and identified shifts in microhabitat selection via frequency-of-use and availability histograms. Each species demonstrated different habitat associations between spawning and nonspawning periods. The peak spawning period for slenderhead darters was April to May in high-velocity microhabitats containing cobble. Individuals were associated with similar microhabitats during the postspawn summer and began migrating to deeper habitats in the fall. Most suckermouth minnow spawned from late March through early May in shallow microhabitats. The probability of the presence of these fish in shallow habitats declined postspawn, as fish apparently shifted to deeper habitats. Stonecats conducted prespawn activities in nearshore microhabitats containing large substrates but probably moved to deeper habitats during summer to spawn. Microhabitats with shallow depths containing cobble were associated with the presence of spawning red shiners during the summer. Prespawn fish selected low-velocity microhabitats during the spring, whereas postspawn fish selected habitats similar to the spawning habitat but added a shallow depth component. Hydraulic variables had the most influence on microhabitat models for all of these species, emphasizing the importance of flow in habitat selection by river-dwelling fishes. Histological analyses allowed us to more precisely document the time periods when habitat use is critical to species success. Without evidence demonstrating the functional mechanisms behind habitat associations, protective flows implemented for habitat protection are unlikely to be effective. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T05-021.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Brewer, S., Papoulias, D., and Rabeni, C., 2006, Spawning habitat associations and selection by fishes in a flow-regulated prairie river: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 135, no. 3, p. 763-778, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-021.1.","startPage":"763","endPage":"778","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210717,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-021.1"},{"id":237727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94d6e4b08c986b31ac7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, S.K.","contributorId":34284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Papoulias, D. M. 0000-0002-5106-2469","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5106-2469","contributorId":58759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Papoulias","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rabeni, C.F.","contributorId":67823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabeni","given":"C.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028682,"text":"70028682 - 2006 - Spatio-temporal availability of soft mast in clearcuts in the Southern Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028682","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatio-temporal availability of soft mast in clearcuts in the Southern Appalachians","docAbstract":"Soft mast is an important resource for many wild populations in the Southern Appalachians, yet the way clear-cutting affects availability of soft mast though time is not fully understood. We tested a theoretical model of temporal availability of soft mast in clearcuts using empirical data on percent cover and berry production of Gaylussacia, Vaccinium, and Rubus spp. plants in 100 stands that were clearcut (0-122 years old) in the Southern Appalachian Mountains. We modeled the relationship between soft mast availability and stand age, evaluated the effects of topography and forest type on soft mast, developed statistical models for predicting the spatio-temporal distribution of soft mast, and tested the hypothesis that percent cover of berry plants and berry production provided similar information about soft mast availability. We found temporal dynamics explained berry production better than it predicted percent plant cover, whereas topographic variables influenced percent plant cover more than they influenced berry production. Berry production and percent plant cover were highest in ???2-9-year-old stands. Percent plant cover was lowest in 10-69-year-old stands and intermediate in 70+-year-old stands. Three of our spatio-temporal models performed well during model testing and they were not biased by the training data, indicating the inferences about spatio-temporal availability of soft mast extended beyond our sample data. The methods we used to estimate the distribution of soft mast may be useful for modeling distributions of other resources. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2006.09.035","issn":"03781127","usgsCitation":"Reynolds-Hogland, M.J., Mitchell, M., and Powell, R.A., 2006, Spatio-temporal availability of soft mast in clearcuts in the Southern Appalachians: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 237, no. 1-3, p. 103-114, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.09.035.","startPage":"103","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209949,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.09.035"},{"id":236715,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"237","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94c7e4b08c986b31ac43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds-Hogland, M. J.","contributorId":57647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds-Hogland","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, M.S.","contributorId":26724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, R. A.","contributorId":41789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70029174,"text":"70029174 - 2006 - Migration depths of juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead relative to total dissolved gas supersaturation in a Columbia River reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T15:58:31","indexId":"70029174","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration depths of juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead relative to total dissolved gas supersaturation in a Columbia River reservoir","docAbstract":"<p>The in situ depths of juvenile salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. were studied to determine whether hydrostatic compensation was sufficient to protect them from gas bubble disease (GBD) during exposure to total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation from a regional program of spill at dams meant to improve salmonid passage survival. Yearling Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha and juvenile steelhead O. mykiss implanted with pressure-sensing radio transmitters were monitored from boats while they were migrating between the tailrace of Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River and the forebay of McNary Dam on the Columbia River during 1997-1999. The TDG generally decreased with distance from the tailrace of the dam and was within levels known to cause GBD signs and mortality in laboratory bioassays. Results of repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated that the mean depths of juvenile steelhead were similar throughout the study area, ranging from 2.0 m in the Snake River to 2.3 m near the McNary Dam forebay. The mean depths of yearling Chinook salmon generally increased with distance from Ice Harbor Dam, ranging from 1.5 m in the Snake River to 3.2 m near the forebay. Juvenile steelhead were deeper at night than during the day, and yearling Chinook salmon were deeper during the day than at night. The TDG level was a significant covariate in models of the migration depth and rates of each species, but no effect of fish size was detected. Hydrostatic compensation, along with short exposure times in the area of greatest TDG, reduced the effects of TDG exposure below those generally shown to elicit GBD signs or mortality. Based on these factors, our results indicate that the TDG limits of the regional spill program were safe for these juvenile salmonids.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T05-193.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J., and Maule, A., 2006, Migration depths of juvenile Chinook salmon and steelhead relative to total dissolved gas supersaturation in a Columbia River reservoir: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 135, no. 3, p. 584-594, https://doi.org/10.1577/T05-193.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"584","endPage":"594","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210744,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T05-193.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River, Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.08493041992186,\n              46.188387507419954\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.99017333984375,\n              46.20834889395228\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.92974853515624,\n              46.2102496001872\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.89129638671875,\n              46.091329046507695\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.94073486328125,\n              45.98837476770814\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.10140991210936,\n              45.91198865118152\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.58343505859374,\n              45.857499316676666\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.81002807617188,\n              45.823057462282456\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.88143920898436,\n              45.8488908518382\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.86221313476562,\n              45.868018964152476\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.7344970703125,\n              45.90147732739488\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.58892822265626,\n              45.94351068030587\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.51889038085938,\n              45.93300532761351\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.41314697265624,\n              45.933960441921585\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.267578125,\n              45.95592353109711\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.12338256835938,\n              45.9511496866914\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.00253295898438,\n              46.03510927947334\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.06158447265625,\n              46.18268292219694\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.08493041992186,\n              46.188387507419954\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"135","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5700e4b0c8380cd6d9a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, J.W.","contributorId":32646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maule, A.G.","contributorId":45067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":421623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028664,"text":"70028664 - 2006 - A specter of coexistence: Is centrifugal community organization haunted by the ghost of competition?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:55","indexId":"70028664","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2117,"text":"Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A specter of coexistence: Is centrifugal community organization haunted by the ghost of competition?","docAbstract":"In a centrifugally organized community species prefer the same habitat (called \"core\") but differ in their secondary habitat preferences. The first model of centrifugal community organization (CCO) predicted that optimally foraging, symmetrically competing species would share use of the core habitat at all density combinations. But one might also assume that the competition in the core habitat is asymmetrical, that is, that one of the species (the dominant) has a behavioral advantage therein. In this study, we asked how should habitat use evolve in a centrifugally organized community if its species compete asymmetrically in the core habitat? To address this question we developed an \"isoleg model\". The model predicts that in a centrifugally organized community, asymmetric competition promotes the use of the core habitat exclusively by the dominant species at most points in the state space. The separation of the core habitat use by the species (\"the ghost of competition past\") may be either complete or partial (\"partial ghost\"), and behavior at the stable competitive equilibrium between the species could determine whether coexistence should occur at the \"complete-\" or the \"partial ghost\" regions. This version of CCO should be a common feature of competitive systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00212210","usgsCitation":"Wasserberg, G., Kotler, B., Morris, D., and Abramsky, Z., 2006, A specter of coexistence: Is centrifugal community organization haunted by the ghost of competition?: Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution, v. 52, no. 2, p. 123-140.","startPage":"123","endPage":"140","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5a5e4b0c8380cd46ecb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wasserberg, Gideon","contributorId":31185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wasserberg","given":"Gideon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kotler, B.P.","contributorId":33908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kotler","given":"B.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morris, D.W.","contributorId":94078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abramsky, Z.","contributorId":88928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abramsky","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028659,"text":"70028659 - 2006 - Optimization strategies for sediment reduction practices on roads in steep, forested terrain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:42:50","indexId":"70028659","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimization strategies for sediment reduction practices on roads in steep, forested terrain","docAbstract":"Many forested steeplands in the western United States display a legacy of disturbances due to timber harvest, mining or wildfires, for example. Such disturbances have caused accelerated hillslope erosion, leading to increased sedimentation in fish-bearing streams. Several restoration techniques have been implemented to address these problems in mountain catchments, many of which involve the removal of abandoned roads and re-establishing drainage networks across road prisms. With limited restoration funds to be applied across large catchments, land managers are faced with deciding which areas and problems should be treated first, and by which technique, in order to design the most effective and cost-effective sediment reduction strategy. Currently most restoration is conducted on a site-specific scale according to uniform treatment policies. To create catchment-scale policies for restoration, we developed two optimization models - dynamic programming and genetic algorithms - to determine the most cost-effective treatment level for roads and stream crossings in a pilot study basin with approximately 700 road segments and crossings. These models considered the trade-offs between the cost and effectiveness of different restoration strategies to minimize the predicted erosion from all forest roads within a catchment, while meeting a specified budget constraint. The optimal sediment reduction strategies developed by these models performed much better than two strategies of uniform erosion control which are commonly applied to road erosion problems by land managers, with sediment savings increased by an additional 48 to 80 per cent. These optimization models can be used to formulate the most cost-effective restoration policy for sediment reduction on a catchment scale. Thus, cost savings can be applied to further restoration work within the catchment. Nevertheless, the models are based on erosion rates measured on past restoration sites, and need to be up-dated as additional monitoring studies evaluate long-term basin response to erosion control treatments. Copyright ?? 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/esp.1436","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"Madej, M.A., Eschenbach, E., Diaz, C., Teasley, R., and Baker, K., 2006, Optimization strategies for sediment reduction practices on roads in steep, forested terrain: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 31, no. 13, p. 1643-1656, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1436.","startPage":"1643","endPage":"1656","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209661,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1436"},{"id":236330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6ef9e4b0c8380cd758bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":419101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eschenbach, E.A.","contributorId":47141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eschenbach","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Diaz, C.","contributorId":58982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Teasley, R.","contributorId":36505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teasley","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baker, K.","contributorId":108305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":419105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70029465,"text":"70029465 - 2006 - Form drag in rivers due to small-scale natural topographic features: 1. Regular sequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70029465","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Form drag in rivers due to small-scale natural topographic features: 1. Regular sequences","docAbstract":"Small-scale topographic features are commonly found on the boundaries of natural rivers, streams, and floodplains. A simple method for determining the form drag on these features is presented, and the results of this model are compared to laboratory measurements. The roughness elements are modeled as Gaussian-shaped features defined in terms of three parameters: a protrusion height, H; a streamwise length scale, ??; and a spacing between crests, ??. This shape is shown to be a good approximation to a wide variety of natural topographic bank features. The form drag on an individual roughness element embedded in a series of identical elements is determined using the drag coefficient of the individual element and a reference velocity that includes the effects of roughness elements further upstream. In addition to calculating the drag on each element, the model determines the spatially averaged total stress, skin friction stress, and roughness height of the boundary. The effects of bank roughness on patterns of velocity and boundary shear stress are determined by combining the form drag model with a channel flow model. The combined model shows that drag on small-scale topographic features substantially alters the near-bank flow field. These methods can be used to improve predictions of flow resistance in rivers and to form the basis for fully predictive (no empirically adjusted parameters) channel flow models. They also provide a foundation for calculating the near-bank boundary shear stress fields necessary for determining rates of sediment transport and lateral erosion.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2006JF000467","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Kean, J., and Smith, J., 2006, Form drag in rivers due to small-scale natural topographic features: 1. Regular sequences: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 111, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000467.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477504,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jf000467","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210789,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000467"},{"id":237815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1343e4b0c8380cd545a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kean, J. W. 0000-0003-3089-0369","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":71679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, J.D.","contributorId":35796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":422850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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