Realistic projection of future climate-carbon (C) cycle feedbacks requires better understanding and an improved representation of the C cycle in permafrost regions in the current generation of Earth system models. Here we evaluated 10 terrestrial ecosystem models for their estimates of net primary productivity (NPP) and responses to historical climate change in permafrost regions in the Northern Hemisphere. In comparison with the satellite estimate from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS; 246 ± 6 g C m−2 yr−1), most models produced higher NPP (309 ± 12 g C m−2 yr−1) over the permafrost region during 2000–2009. By comparing the simulated gross primary productivity (GPP) with a flux tower-based database, we found that although mean GPP among the models was only overestimated by 10% over 1982–2009, there was a twofold discrepancy among models (380 to 800 g C m−2 yr−1), which mainly resulted from differences in simulated maximum monthly GPP (GPPmax). Most models overestimated C use efficiency (CUE) as compared to observations at both regional and site levels. Further analysis shows that model variability of GPP and CUE are nonlinearly correlated to variability in specific leaf area and the maximum rate of carboxylation by the enzyme Rubisco at 25°C (Vcmax_25), respectively. The models also varied in their sensitivities of NPP, GPP, and CUE to historical changes in climate and atmospheric CO2 concentration. These results indicate that model predictive ability of the C cycle in permafrost regions can be improved by better representation of the processes controlling CUE and GPPmax as well as their sensitivity to climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2016JG003384","usgsCitation":"Xia, J., McGuire, A.D., Lawrence, D., Burke, E.J., Chen, G., Chen, X., Delire, C., Koven, C., MacDougall, A., Peng, S., Rinke, A., Saito, K., Zhang, W., Alkama, R., Bohn, T.J., Ciais, P., Decharme, B., Gouttevin, I., Hajima, T., Hayes, D.J., Huang, K., Ji, D., Krinner, G., Lettenmaier, D.P., Miller, P.A., Moore, J., Smith, B., Sueyoshi, T., Shi, Z., Yan, L., Liang, J., Jiang, L., Zhang, Q., and Luo, Y., 2017, Terrestrial ecosystem model performance in simulating productivity and its vulnerability to climate change in the northern permafrost region: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 122, no. 2, p. 430-446, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003384.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"430","endPage":"446","ipdsId":"IP-070881","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jg003384","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348457,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425bce4b0dc0b45b453b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xia, Jianyang","contributorId":167809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xia","given":"Jianyang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, David","contributorId":59333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burke, Eleanor J.","contributorId":172358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burke","given":"Eleanor","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, Guangsheng","contributorId":200153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Guangsheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chen, Xiaodong","contributorId":172359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Xiaodong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16995,"text":"School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Delire, Christine","contributorId":172360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delire","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16636,"text":"CNRS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koven, 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Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Saito, Kazuyuki","contributorId":172361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saito","given":"Kazuyuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Zhang, Wenxin","contributorId":167815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Wenxin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Alkama, Ramdane","contributorId":172362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alkama","given":"Ramdane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16636,"text":"CNRS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Bohn, Theodore 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P.","contributorId":139779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lettenmaier","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12763,"text":"University of California, Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Miller, Paul A.","contributorId":57372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Moore, John C.","contributorId":152072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Smith, Benjamin","contributorId":171834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Benjamin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Sueyoshi, Tetsuo","contributorId":172368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sueyoshi","given":"Tetsuo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Shi, Zheng","contributorId":200158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Zheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Yan, Liming","contributorId":200159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yan","given":"Liming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Liang, Junyi","contributorId":200161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liang","given":"Junyi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Jiang, Lifen","contributorId":177403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Lifen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Zhang, Qian 0000-0003-0500-5655","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-5655","contributorId":174393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Qian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38802,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Studies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Luo, Yiqi","contributorId":177420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luo","given":"Yiqi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34}]}} ,{"id":70184967,"text":"70184967 - 2017 - Evaluating simplistic methods to understand current distributions and forecast distribution changes under climate change scenarios: An example with coypu (Myocastor coypus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T12:07:21","indexId":"70184967","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5071,"text":"NeoBiota","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating simplistic methods to understand current distributions and forecast distribution changes under climate change scenarios: An example with coypu (Myocastor coypus)","docAbstract":"Invasive species provide a unique opportunity to evaluate factors controlling biogeographic distributions; we can consider introduction success as an experiment testing suitability of environmental conditions. Predicting potential distributions of spreading species is not easy, and forecasting potential distributions with changing climate is even more difficult. Using the globally invasive coypu (Myocastor coypus [Molina, 1782]), we evaluate and compare the utility of a simplistic ecophysiological based model and a correlative model to predict current and future distribution. The ecophysiological model was based on winter temperature relationships with nutria survival. We developed correlative statistical models using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling and biologically relevant climate data with a global extent. We applied the ecophysiological based model to several global circulation model (GCM) predictions for mid-century. We used global coypu introduction data to evaluate these models and to explore a hypothesized physiological limitation, finding general agreement with known coypu distribution locally and globally and support for an upper thermal tolerance threshold. Global circulation model based model results showed variability in coypu predicted distribution among GCMs, but had general agreement of increasing suitable area in the USA. Our methods highlighted the dynamic nature of the edges of the coypu distribution due to climate non-equilibrium, and uncertainty associated with forecasting future distributions. Areas deemed suitable habitat, especially those on the edge of the current known range, could be used for early detection of the spread of coypu populations for management purposes. Combining approaches can be beneficial to predicting potential distributions of invasive species now and in the future and in exploring hypotheses of factors controlling distributions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Pensoft","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.32.8884","usgsCitation":"Jarnevich, C.S., Young, N.E., Sheffels, T.R., Carter, J., Systma, M.D., and Talbert, C., 2017, Evaluating simplistic methods to understand current distributions and forecast distribution changes under climate change scenarios: An example with coypu (Myocastor coypus): NeoBiota, v. 32, p. 107-125, https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.32.8884.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"107","endPage":"125","ipdsId":"IP-065118","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.32.8884","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337613,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52cce4b0849ce97c869a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, Nicholas E.","contributorId":189060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sheffels, Trevor R.","contributorId":140176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheffels","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":683743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carter, Jacoby 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":2399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Jacoby","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Systma, Mark D.","contributorId":140177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Systma","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13401,"text":"Portland State University, Portland Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":683745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Talbert, Colin 0000-0002-9505-1876 talbertc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9505-1876","contributorId":181913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbert","given":"Colin","email":"talbertc@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187174,"text":"70187174 - 2017 - Confirmation of the southwest continuation of the Cat Square terrane, southern Appalachian Inner Piedmont, with implications for middle Paleozoic collisional orogenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T15:04:42","indexId":"70187174","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Confirmation of the southwest continuation of the Cat Square terrane, southern Appalachian Inner Piedmont, with implications for middle Paleozoic collisional orogenesis","docAbstract":"Detailed geologic mapping, U-Pb zircon geochronology and whole-rock geochemical analyses were conducted to test the hypothesis that the southwestern extent of the Cat Square terrane continues from the northern Inner Piedmont (western Carolinas) into central Georgia. Geologic mapping revealed the Jackson Lake fault, a ∼15 m-thick, steeply dipping sillimanite-grade fault zone that truncates lithologically distinct granitoids and metasedimentary units, and roughly corresponds with a prominent aeromagnetic lineament hypothesized to represent the southern continuation of the terrane-bounding Brindle Creek fault. Results of U-Pb SHRIMP geochronology indicate Late Ordovician to Silurian granitoids (444–439 Ma) occur exclusively northwest of the fault, whereas Devonian (404–371 Ma) granitoids only occur southeast of the fault. The relatively undeformed Indian Springs granodiorite (three individual bodies dated 317–298 Ma) crosscuts the fault and occurs on both sides, which indicates the Jackson Lake fault is a pre-Alleghanian structure. However, detrital zircon signatures from samples southeast of the Jackson Lake fault reveal dominant Grenville provenance, in contrast to Cat Square terrane detrital zircon samples from the northern Inner Piedmont, which include peri-Gondwanan (600–500 Ma) and a prominent Ordovician-Silurian (∼430 Ma) signature. We interpret the rocks southeast of the Jackson Lake fault to represent the southwestern extension of the Cat Square terrane primarily based on the partitioning of granitoid ages and lithologic distinctions similar to the northern Inner Piedmont.
Data suggest Cat Square terrane metasedimentary rocks were initially deposited in a remnant ocean basin setting and developed into an accretionary prism in front of the approaching Carolina superterrane, ultimately overridden by it in Late Devonian to Early Mississippian time. Burial to >20 km resulted in migmatization of lower plate rocks, forming an infrastructure beneath the Carolina superterrane suprastructure. Provenance patterns support ∼250 km of Devonian dextral translation of the composite Inner Piedmont, which places the northern portion of the Inner Piedmont adjacent to a suite of ∼430 Ma plutons in the Virginia Blue Ridge during deposition. The megascopic thrust-nappe structural style of the northern Inner Piedmont, combined with southwest-directed lateral extrusion at mid-crustal depths, may reconcile differences in timing of metamorphism between the Carolina and central Georgia Inner Piedmont and structural contrasts between the Brindle Creek and Jackson Lake faults.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/02.2017.01","usgsCitation":"Huebner, M.T., Hatcher, R.D., and Merschat, A.J., 2017, Confirmation of the southwest continuation of the Cat Square terrane, southern Appalachian Inner Piedmont, with implications for middle Paleozoic collisional orogenesis: American Journal of Science, v. 317, no. 2, p. 95-176, https://doi.org/10.2475/02.2017.01.","productDescription":"82 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"176","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066326","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"317","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59006062e4b0e85db3a5ddcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huebner, Matthew T.","contributorId":191401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huebner","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatcher, Robert D. Jr.","contributorId":121402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merschat, Arthur J. 0000-0002-9314-4067 amerschat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9314-4067","contributorId":4556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merschat","given":"Arthur","email":"amerschat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186045,"text":"70186045 - 2017 - Inhibition of an aquatic rhabdovirus demonstrates promise of a broad-spectrum antiviral for use in aquaculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-30T11:27:56","indexId":"70186045","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inhibition of an aquatic rhabdovirus demonstrates promise of a broad-spectrum antiviral for use in aquaculture","docAbstract":"Many enveloped viruses cause devastating disease in aquaculture, resulting in significant economic impact. LJ001 is a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that inhibits enveloped virus infections by specifically targeting phospholipids in the lipid bilayer via the production of singlet oxygen (1O2). This stabilizes positive curvature and decreases membrane fluidity, which inhibits virus-cell membrane fusion during viral entry. Based on data from previous mammalian studies and the requirement of light for the activation of LJ001, we hypothesized that LJ001 may be useful as a preventative and/or therapeutic agent for infections by enveloped viruses in aquaculture. Here, we report that LJ001 was more stable with a prolonged inhibitory half-life at relevant aquaculture temperatures (15°C), than in mammalian studies at 37°C. When LJ001 was preincubated with our model virus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), infectivity was significantly inhibited in vitro (using the epithelioma papulosum cyprini [EPC] fish cell line) and in vivo (using rainbow trout fry) in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. While horizontal transmission of IHNV in a static cohabitation challenge model was reduced by LJ001, transmission was not completely blocked at established antiviral doses. Therefore, LJ001 may be best suited as a therapeutic for aquaculture settings that include viral infections with lower virus-shedding rates than IHNV or where higher viral titers are required to initiate infection of naive fish. Importantly, our data also suggest that LJ001-inactivated IHNV elicited an innate immune response in the rainbow trout host, making LJ001 potentially useful for future vaccination approaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/JVI.02181-16","usgsCitation":"Balmer, B.F., Powers, R., Zhang, T., Lee, J., Vigant, F., Lee, B., Jung, M.E., Purcell, M., Snekvik, K., and Aguilar, H.C., 2017, Inhibition of an aquatic rhabdovirus demonstrates promise of a broad-spectrum antiviral for use in aquaculture: Journal of Virology, v. 91, no. 4, e02181-16, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02181-16.","productDescription":"e02181-16","ipdsId":"IP-078805","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02181-16","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58de194ee4b02ff32c699c99","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balmer, Bethany F.","contributorId":190169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balmer","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powers, Rachel L. 0000-0001-6901-4361","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-4361","contributorId":190182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Rachel L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Ting-Hu","contributorId":190170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Ting-Hu","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Jihye","contributorId":190171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Jihye","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vigant, Frederic","contributorId":190172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vigant","given":"Frederic","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, Benhur","contributorId":190173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Benhur","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jung, Michael E.","contributorId":190174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jung","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. mpurcell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":687451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Snekvik, Kevin","contributorId":127574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snekvik","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7057,"text":"Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Washington State Univeristy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":687459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Aguilar, Hector C.","contributorId":190175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aguilar","given":"Hector","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70179648,"text":"70179648 - 2017 - The Chief Joseph Hatchery Program 2014 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T12:10:45","indexId":"70179648","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"The Chief Joseph Hatchery Program 2014 Annual Report","docAbstract":"The Chief Joseph Hatchery Program is comprised of both operations and maintenance of the Chief Joseph Hatchery, located near Bridgeport, Washington and the monitoring and evaluation of natural- and hatchery-origin Chinook salmon in the Okanogan Subbasin. In 2014, the Chief Joseph Hatchery released 44,267 yearling and 186,050 subyearling integrated Chinook from the Omak acclimation pond, and 265,656 subyearling segregated Chinook from the hatchery. Full production potential was not met at the hatchery for brood year 2014 because of higher than anticipated pre-spawn mortality in the broodstock. The total Chinook spawn in 2014 included, 132 hatcheryorigin Spring Chinook (66 male, 66 female)(21% of full program), 498 natural-origin summer/fall Chinook (250 male, 248 female)(83% of full program), and 453 hatcheryorigin Summer/Fall Chinook (223 male, 230 female)(92%). Two hundred thousand Spring Chinook parr were received in late October at the Riverside Acclimation Pond from the Winthrop National Fish Hatchery (100% of full production). These fish will be released in the spring of 2015 and mark the beginning of implementation of the non-essential experimental population under section 10(j) of the Endangered Species Act.
Monitoring and evaluation consist primarily of operating rotary screw traps on the Okanogan River to monitor juvenile production and outmigration, beach seining and PIT tagging operations at the confluence of the Okanogan and Columbia Rivers, the operation of an adult pilot weir on the Okanogan River, and redd and carcass surveys on the Okanogan and Similkameen rivers. In 2014, the rotary screw traps captured 22,073 natural-origin Chinook, and estimated total juvenile outmigration was 3,265,309 (95% C. I. = 1,809,367- 4,721,251). Via the beach seine, 9,133 juvenile Chinook were captured, and 8,226 were released with an implanted PIT tag. 2,324 adult Chinook were encountered in the weir trap, of which 318 were hatchery-origin and 2,006 were natural-origin. All natural-origin fish were released upstream of the weir unharmed, except for 76 which were taken for broodstock. All but four of the hatchery-origin fish encountered in the trap were removed for pHOS management. Redd surveys detected 4,253 Summer/Fall Chinook redds, which led to a spawner escapement estimate of 12,164 Chinook. 2,452 carcasses were recovered (2,123 natural-origin and 329 hatchery-origin), and the proportion of hatchery-origin spawners was 0.12.
","language":"English","publisher":"Colville Tribes Fish & Wildlife Department","usgsCitation":"Pearl, A., Laramie, M., Baldwin, C., Rohrback, J., and Phillips, P., 2017, The Chief Joseph Hatchery Program 2014 Annual Report, 188 p.","productDescription":"188 p.","ipdsId":"IP-081764","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339838,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cct-fnw.com/reports/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Chief Joseph Hatchery, Okanogan River Basin, Winthrop National Fish Hatchery","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.1409912109375,\n 48.0156497866894\n ],\n [\n -118.817138671875,\n 48.0156497866894\n ],\n [\n -118.817138671875,\n 48.99824008113872\n ],\n [\n -120.1409912109375,\n 48.99824008113872\n ],\n [\n -120.1409912109375,\n 48.0156497866894\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f725e5e4b0b7ea5451eec2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearl, Andrea","contributorId":178154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearl","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laramie, Matthew 0000-0001-7820-2583 mlaramie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7820-2583","contributorId":152532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laramie","given":"Matthew","email":"mlaramie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldwin, Casey","contributorId":178155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Casey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rohrback, John","contributorId":178156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rohrback","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, Pat","contributorId":178157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"Pat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70186692,"text":"70186692 - 2017 - Book review: Karst without boundaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T12:52:35","indexId":"70186692","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Karst without boundaries","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12487","usgsCitation":"Doctor, D.H., 2017, Book review: Karst without boundaries: Groundwater, v. 54, no. 6, p. 6-7, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12487.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-080824","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a542e4b09da6799d63a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doctor, Daniel H. 0000-0002-8338-9722 dhdoctor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-9722","contributorId":2037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"Daniel","email":"dhdoctor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189662,"text":"70189662 - 2017 - The role of initial coherence and path materials in the dynamics of three rock avalanche case histories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T14:46:25","indexId":"70189662","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5465,"text":"Geoenvironmental Disasters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of initial coherence and path materials in the dynamics of three rock avalanche case histories","docAbstract":"Background
Rock avalanches are flow-like landslides that can travel at extremely rapid velocities and impact surprisingly large areas. The mechanisms that lead to the unexpected mobility of these flows are unknown and debated. Mechanisms proposed in the literature can be broadly classified into those that rely on intrinsic characteristics of the rock avalanche material, and those that rely on extrinsic factors such as path material. In this work a calibration-based numerical model is used to back-analyze three rock avalanche case histories. The results of these back-analyses are then used to infer factors that govern rock avalanche motion
Results
Our study has revealed two key insights that must be considered when analyzing rock avalanches. Results from two of the case histories demonstrate the importance of accounting for the initially coherent phase of rock avalanche motion. Additionally, the back-analyzed basal resistance parameters, as well as the best-fit rheology, are different for each case history. This suggests that the governing mechanisms controlling rock avalanche motion are unlikely to be intrinsic. The back-analyzed strength parameters correspond well to those that would be expected by considering the path material that the rock avalanches overran.
Conclusion
Our results show that accurate simulation of rock avalanche motion must account for the initially coherent phase of movement, and that the mechanisms governing rock avalanche motion are unlikely to be intrinsic to the failed material. Interaction of rock avalanche debris with path materials is the likely mechanism that governs the motion of many rock avalanches.
The American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) Working Group formed spontaneously in 2001 as coastal waterbird biologists recognized the potential for American Oystercatchers to serve as focal species for collaborative research and management. Accomplishments over the past 15 years include the establishment of rangewide surveys, color-banding protocols, mark-resight studies, a revision of the Birds of North America species account, and new mechanisms for sharing ideas and data. Collaborations among State, Federal, and private sector scientists, natural resource managers, and dedicated volunteers have provided insights into the biology and conservation of American Oystercatchers in the United States and abroad that would not have been possible without the relationships formed through the Working Group. These accomplishments illustrate how broad collaborative approaches and the engagement of the public are key elements of effective shorebird conservation programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.040.sp102","usgsCitation":"Simons, T.R., 2017, The American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) Working Group: 15 years of collaborative focal species research and management: Waterbirds, v. 40, no. sp1, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.040.sp102.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-071196","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1675/063.040.sp102","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"sp1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58de194ee4b02ff32c699c97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70182184,"text":"70182184 - 2017 - Critical zone properties control the fate of nitrogen during experimental rainfall in montane forests of the Colorado Front Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-20T11:34:12","indexId":"70182184","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Critical zone properties control the fate of nitrogen during experimental rainfall in montane forests of the Colorado Front Range","docAbstract":"Several decades of research in alpine ecosystems have demonstrated links among the critical zone, hydrologic response, and the fate of elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. Less research has occurred in mid-elevation forests, which may be important for retaining atmospheric N deposition. To explore the fate of N in the montane zone, we conducted plot-scale experimental rainfall events across a north–south transect within a catchment of the Boulder Creek Critical Zone Observatory. Rainfall events mimicked relatively common storms (20–50% annual exceedance probability) and were labeled with 15N-nitrate (
Evaluating potential adverse effects of complex chemical mixtures in the environment is challenging. One way to address that challenge is through more integrated analysis of chemical monitoring and biological effects data. In the present study, water samples from five locations near two municipal wastewater treatment plants in the St. Croix River basin, on the border of MN and WI, USA, were analyzed for 127 organic contaminants. Known chemical-gene interactions were used to develop site-specific knowledge assembly models (KAMs) and formulate hypotheses concerning possible biological effects associated with chemicals detected in water samples from each location. Additionally, hepatic gene expression data were collected for fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed in situ, for 12 d, at each location. Expression data from oligonucleotide microarrays were analyzed to identify functional annotation terms enriched among the differentially-expressed probes. The general nature of many of the terms made hypothesis formulation on the basis of the transcriptome-level response alone difficult. However, integrated analysis of the transcriptome data in the context of the site-specific KAMs allowed for evaluation of the likelihood of specific chemicals contributing to observed biological responses. Thirteen chemicals (atrazine, carbamazepine, metformin, thiabendazole, diazepam, cholesterol, p-cresol, phenytoin, omeprazole, ethyromycin, 17β-estradiol, cimetidine, and estrone), for which there was statistically significant concordance between occurrence at a site and expected biological response as represented in the KAM, were identified. While not definitive, the approach provides a line of evidence for evaluating potential cause-effect relationships between components of a complex mixture of contaminants and biological effects data, which can inform subsequent monitoring and investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Pollution","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.005","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, A.L., Martinovic-Weigelt, D., Ankley, G., Lee, K., Garcia-Reyero, N., Perkins, E.J., Schoenfuss, H.L., and Villeneuve, D.L., 2017, Prior knowledge-based approach for associating contaminants with biological effects: A case study in the St. Croix River basin, MN, WI, USA: Environmental Pollution, v. 221, p. 427-436, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.005.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"436","ipdsId":"IP-065526","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6139436","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"St. Croix River Basin","volume":"221","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a06c8d0e4b09af898c8613c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Anthony L.","contributorId":173596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":12503,"text":"University of Minnesota - Saint Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma","contributorId":173655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinovic-Weigelt","given":"Dalma","affiliations":[{"id":6748,"text":"University of St. Thomas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ankley, Gerald T.","contributorId":177970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ankley","given":"Gerald T.","affiliations":[{"id":13485,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Kathy 0000-0002-7683-1367 klee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-1367","contributorId":2538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kathy","email":"klee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garcia-Reyero, Natalia","contributorId":43961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia-Reyero","given":"Natalia","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":26924,"text":"USArmy Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Perkins, Edward J.","contributorId":89063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":26924,"text":"USArmy Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schoenfuss, Heiko L.","contributorId":76409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoenfuss","given":"Heiko","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13317,"text":"Saint Cloud State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Villeneuve, Daniel L.","contributorId":32091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villeneuve","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13485,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70194324,"text":"70194324 - 2017 - Collar temperature sensor data reveal long-term patterns in southern Beaufort Sea polar bear den distribution on pack ice and land","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T13:30:53","indexId":"70194324","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Collar temperature sensor data reveal long-term patterns in southern Beaufort Sea polar bear den distribution on pack ice and land","docAbstract":"In response to a changing climate, many species alter habitat use. Polar bears Ursus maritimus in the southern Beaufort Sea have increasingly used land for maternal denning. To aid in detecting denning behavior, we developed an objective method to identify polar bear denning events using temperature sensor data collected by satellite-linked transmitters deployed on adult females between 1985 and 2013. We then applied this method to determine whether southern Beaufort Sea polar bears have continued to increase land denning with recent sea-ice loss and examined whether sea-ice conditions affect the distribution of dens between pack-ice and coastal substrates. Because land use in summer and autumn has also increased, we examined potential associations between summering substrate and denning substrate. Statistical process control methods applied to temperature-sensor data identified denning events with 94.5% accuracy in comparison to direct observations (n = 73) and 95.7% accuracy relative to subjective classifications based on temperature, location, and activity sensor data (n = 116). We found an increase in land-based denning during the study period. The frequency of land denning was directly related to the distance that sea ice retreated from the coast. Among females that denned, all 14 that summered on land subsequently denned there, whereas 29% of the 69 bears summering on ice denned on land. These results suggest that denning on land may continue to increase with further loss of sea ice. While the effects that den substrate have on nutrition, energetics, and reproduction are unclear, more polar bears denning onshore will likely increase human-bear interactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps12000","usgsCitation":"Olson, J.W., Rode, K.D., Eggett, D.L., Smith, T.S., Wilson, R.R., Durner, G.M., Fischbach, A., Atwood, T.C., and Douglas, D., 2017, Collar temperature sensor data reveal long-term patterns in southern Beaufort Sea polar bear den distribution on pack ice and land: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 564, p. 211-224, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12000.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"224","ipdsId":"IP-076135","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7BP00Z5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Denning Behavior Classifications Using Temperature Sensor Data on Collars Deployed on Polar Bears in the Southern Beaufort Sea, 1986-2013"},{"id":349283,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","volume":"564","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc1be4b06e28e9c23a3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Jay W","contributorId":200778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eggett, Dennis L.","contributorId":191388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eggett","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, T. 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Concentrations, loadings and yields of E. coli and microbial source tracking (MST) markers, were characterized during base flow and storm events in five subbasins within Independence, as well as sources entering and leaving the city through the river. The E. coli water quality threshold was exceeded in 29% of base-flow and 89% of storm-event samples. The total contribution of E. coli and MST markers from tributaries within Independence to the Little Blue River, regardless of streamflow, did not significantly increase the median concentrations leaving the city. Daily loads and yields of E. coli and MST markers were used to rank the subbasins according to their contribution of each constituent to the river. The ranking methodology used in this study may prove useful in prioritizing remediation in the different subbasins.
","language":"English","publisher":"Water Environment Federation","doi":"10.2175/106143016X14798353399412","collaboration":"City of Independence, Missouri Water Pollution Control Station","usgsCitation":"Bushon, R.N., Brady, A.M., Christensen, E.D., and Stelzer, E.A., 2017, Multi-year microbial source tracking study characterizing fecal contamination in an urban watershed: Water Environment Research, v. 89, no. 2, p. 127-143, https://doi.org/10.2175/106143016X14798353399412.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"143","ipdsId":"IP-069132","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Independence","otherGeospatial":"Little Blue River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": 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processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T10:00:40","indexId":"70186420","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expanding the role of reactive transport models in critical zone processes","docAbstract":"Models test our understanding of processes and can reach beyond the spatial and temporal scales of measurements. Multi-component Reactive Transport Models (RTMs), initially developed more than three decades ago, have been used extensively to explore the interactions of geothermal, hydrologic, geochemical, and geobiological processes in subsurface systems. Driven by extensive data sets now available from intensive measurement efforts, there is a pressing need to couple RTMs with other community models to explore non-linear interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. Here we briefly review the history of RTM development, summarize the current state of RTM approaches, and identify new research directions, opportunities, and infrastructure needs to broaden the use of RTMs. In particular, we envision the expanded use of RTMs in advancing process understanding in the Critical Zone, the veneer of the Earth that extends from the top of vegetation to the bottom of groundwater. We argue that, although parsimonious models are essential at larger scales, process-based models offer tools to explore the highly nonlinear coupling that characterizes natural systems. We present seven testable hypotheses that emphasize the unique capabilities of process-based RTMs for (1) elucidating chemical weathering and its physical and biogeochemical drivers; (2) understanding the interactions among roots, micro-organisms, carbon, water, and minerals in the rhizosphere; (3) assessing the effects of heterogeneity across spatial and temporal scales; and (4) integrating the vast quantity of novel data, including “omics” data (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics), elemental concentration and speciation data, and isotope data into our understanding of complex earth surface systems. With strong support from data-driven sciences, we are now in an exciting era where integration of RTM framework into other community models will facilitate process understanding across disciplines and across scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.09.001","usgsCitation":"Li, L., Maher, K., Navarre-Sitchler, A., Druhan, J., Meile, C., Lawrence, C., Moore, J., Perdrial, J., Sullivan, P., Thompson, A., Jin, L., Bolton, E.W., Brantley, S.L., Dietrich, W., Mayer, K.U., Steefel, C., Valocchi, A.J., Zachara, J.M., Kocar, B.D., McIntosh, J., Tutolo, B.M., Kumar, M., Sonnenthal, E., Bao, C., and Beisman, J., 2017, Expanding the role of reactive transport models in critical zone processes: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 165, p. 280-301, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.09.001.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"280","endPage":"301","ipdsId":"IP-070272","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81f302jz","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e60272e4b09da6799ac681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Li","contributorId":190439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maher, Kate","contributorId":190440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maher","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis","contributorId":190441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Navarre-Sitchler","given":"Alexis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Druhan, Jennifer","contributorId":190442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Druhan","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meile, Christof","contributorId":190443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meile","given":"Christof","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lawrence, Corey 0000-0002-2179-2436 clawrence@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-2436","contributorId":190438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Corey","email":"clawrence@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moore, Joel","contributorId":190444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Joel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Perdrial, Julia","contributorId":190445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perdrial","given":"Julia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sullivan, Pamela","contributorId":190446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Pamela","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Thompson, Aaron","contributorId":190447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Aaron","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jin, Lixin","contributorId":190448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jin","given":"Lixin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bolton, Edward W.","contributorId":190449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bolton","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Brantley, Susan L. 0000-0003-4320-2342","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4320-2342","contributorId":184201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brantley","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Dietrich, William E.","contributorId":115128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietrich","given":"William E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mayer, K. 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Data sheets contain information on the domestic industry structure, Government programs, tariffs, and 5-year salient statistics for more than 90 individual minerals and materials.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70180197","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2017, Mineral commodity summaries 2017: U.S. Geological Survey, 202 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70180197.","productDescription":"202 p.","numberOfPages":"202","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335372,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/","text":"Mineral Commodity Summaries Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Link to page with all USGS Mineral Commodities Summaries"}],"publishedDate":"2017-01-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"589aeab1e4b0efcedb72d23d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ober, Joyce A. 0000-0003-1608-5611 jober@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1608-5611","contributorId":394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ober","given":"Joyce","email":"jober@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70180550,"text":"70180550 - 2017 - Conversion of native terrestrial ecosystems in Hawai‘i to novel grazing systems: a review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T08:30:32","indexId":"70180550","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conversion of native terrestrial ecosystems in Hawai‘i to novel grazing systems: a review","docAbstract":"The remote oceanic islands of Hawai‘i exemplify the transformative effects that non-native herbivorous mammals can bring to isolated terrestrial ecosystems. We reviewed published literature containing systematically collected, analyzed, and peer-reviewed original data specifically addressing direct effects of non-native hoofed mammals (ungulates) on terrestrial ecosystems, and indirect effects and interactions on ecosystem processes in Hawai‘i. The effects of ungulates on native vegetation and ecosystems were addressed in 58 original studies and mostly showed strong short-term regeneration of dominant native trees and understory ferns after ungulate removal, but unassisted recovery was dependent on the extent of previous degradation. Ungulates were associated with herbivory, bark-stripping, disturbance by hoof action, soil erosion, enhanced nutrient cycling from the interaction of herbivory and grasses, and increased pyrogenicity and competition between native plants and pasture grasses. No studies demonstrated that ungulates benefitted native ecosystems except in short-term fire-risk reduction. However, non-native plants became problematic and continued to proliferate after release from herbivory, including at least 11 species of non-native pasture grasses that had become established prior to ungulate removal. Competition from non-native grasses inhibited native species regeneration where degradation was extensive. These processes have created novel grazing systems which, in some cases, have irreversibly altered Hawaii’s terrestrial ecology. Non-native plant control and outplanting of rarer native species will be necessary for recovery where degradation has been extensive. Lack of unassisted recovery in some locations should not be construed as a reason to not attempt restoration of other ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-016-1270-7","usgsCitation":"Leopold, C.R., and Hess, S.C., 2017, Conversion of native terrestrial ecosystems in Hawai‘i to novel grazing systems: a review: Biological Invasions, v. 19, no. 1, p. 161-177, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1270-7.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"177","ipdsId":"IP-075561","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334416,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0a4e4b072a7ac1298dd","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10530-016-1270-7","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1270-7","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Leopold Christina R., Hess Steven C.","journalName":"Biological Invasions","publicationDate":"9/17/2016","auditedOn":"2/15/2017","publiclyAccessibleDate":"9/17/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leopold, Christina R.","contributorId":46817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Steven C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":3156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":661787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178092,"text":"ofr20161188 - 2017 - smwrGraphs—An R package for graphing hydrologic data, version 1.1.2","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70159629,"text":"ofr20151202 - 2015 - smwrBase—An R package for managing hydrologic data, version 1.1.1","indexId":"ofr20151202","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"title":"smwrBase—An R package for managing hydrologic data, version 1.1.1"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70178092,"text":"ofr20161188 - 2017 - smwrGraphs—An R package for graphing hydrologic data, version 1.1.2","indexId":"ofr20161188","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"title":"smwrGraphs—An R package for graphing hydrologic data, version 1.1.2"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-02T10:15:20","indexId":"ofr20161188","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1188","title":"smwrGraphs—An R package for graphing hydrologic data, version 1.1.2","docAbstract":"This report describes an R package called smwrGraphs, which consists of a collection of graphing functions for hydrologic data within R, a programming language and software environment for statistical computing. The functions in the package have been developed by the U.S. Geological Survey to create high-quality graphs for publication or presentation of hydrologic data that meet U.S. Geological Survey graphics guidelines.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161188","usgsCitation":"Lorenz, D.L., and Diekoff, A.L., 2017, smwrGraphs—An R package for graphing hydrologic data, version 1.1.2: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1188, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161188. [Supersedes USGS Open-File Report 2015–1202.]","productDescription":"Report: iii, 17 p.; Appendixes: 1–9","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-054442","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334283,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1188/ofr20161188.pdf","text":"Report","size":"0.97 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1188"},{"id":334282,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1188/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":334284,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1188/downloads","text":"Appendixes 1–9","size":"3.20 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1188 Appendixes 1–9","linkHelpText":"Director, Minnesota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2280 Woodale Drive
Mounds View, Minnesota 55112
We investigated physical habitat conditions associated with the spawning sites of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and the interannual consistency of spawning distribution across multiple spatial scales using a combination of spatially continuous and discrete sampling methods. We conducted a census of aquatic habitat in 76 km of the upper main-stem Yakima River in Washington and evaluated spawning site distribution using redd survey data from 2004 to 2008. Interannual reoccupation of spawning areas was high, ranging from an average Pearson’s correlation of 0.62 to 0.98 in channel subunits and 10-km reaches, respectively. Annual variance in the interannual correlation of spawning distribution was highest in channel units and subunits, but it was low at reach scales. In 13 of 15 models developed for individual years (2004–2008) and reach lengths (800 m, 3 km, 6 km), stream power and depth were the primary predictors of redd abundance. Multiple channels and overhead cover were patchy but were important secondary and tertiary predictors of reach-scale spawning site selection. Within channel units and subunits, pool tails and thermal variability, which may be associated with hyporheic exchange, were important predictors of spawning. We identified spawning habitat preferences within reaches and channel units that are relevant for salmonid habitat restoration planning. We also identified a threshold (i.e., 2-km reaches) beyond which interannual spawning distribution was markedly consistent, which may be informative for prioritizing habitat restoration or conservation. Management actions may be improved through enhanced understanding of spawning habitat preferences and the consistency with which Chinook Salmon reoccupy spawning areas at different spatial scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2016.1254112","usgsCitation":"Cram, J.M., Torgersen, C.E., Klett, R.S., Pess, G.R., May, D., Pearsons, T.N., and Dittman, A.H., 2017, Spatial variability of Chinook salmon spawning distribution and habitat preferences: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 146, no. 2, p. 206-221, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2016.1254112.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"206","endPage":"221","ipdsId":"IP-079878","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.19705200195312,\n 46.97556750833867\n ],\n [\n -121.19705200195312,\n 47.253135632244216\n ],\n [\n -120.55709838867188,\n 47.253135632244216\n ],\n [\n -120.55709838867188,\n 46.97556750833867\n ],\n [\n -121.19705200195312,\n 46.97556750833867\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"146","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0a5e4b072a7ac1298e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cram, Jeremy M.","contributorId":178956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cram","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737 ctorgersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":146935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian","email":"ctorgersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klett, Ryan S.","contributorId":178957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klett","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pess, George R.","contributorId":13501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pess","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":661782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"May, Darran","contributorId":178958,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"May","given":"Darran","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pearsons, Todd N.","contributorId":178959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearsons","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dittman, Andrew H.","contributorId":178960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dittman","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70180542,"text":"70180542 - 2017 - Linking dominant Hawaiian tree species to understory development in recovering pastures via impacts on soils and litter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T08:31:26","indexId":"70180542","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking dominant Hawaiian tree species to understory development in recovering pastures via impacts on soils and litter","docAbstract":"Large areas of tropical forest have been cleared and planted with exotic grass species for use as cattle pasture. These often remain persistent grasslands after grazer removal, which is problematic for restoring native forest communities. It is often hoped that remnant and/or planted trees can jump-start forest succession; however, there is little mechanistic information on how different canopy species affect community trajectories. To investigate this, I surveyed understory communities, exotic grass biomass, standing litter pools, and soil properties under two dominant canopy trees—Metrosideros polymorpha (‘ōhi‘a) and Acacia koa (koa)—in recovering Hawaiian forests. I then used structural equation models (SEMs) to elucidate direct and indirect effects of trees on native understory. Native understory communities developed under ‘ōhi‘a, which had larger standing litter pools, lower soil nitrogen, and lower exotic grass biomass than koa. This pattern was variable, potentially due to historical site differences and/or distance to intact forest. Koa, in contrast, showed little understory development. Instead, data suggest that increased soil nitrogen under koa leads to high grass biomass that stalls native recruitment. SEMs suggested that indirect effects of trees via litter and soils were as or more important than direct effects for determining native cover. It is suggested that diverse plantings which incorporate species that have high carbon to nitrogen ratios may help ameliorate the negative indirect effects of koa on natural understory regeneration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.12377","usgsCitation":"Yelenik, S.G., 2017, Linking dominant Hawaiian tree species to understory development in recovering pastures via impacts on soils and litter: Restoration Ecology, v. 25, no. 1, p. 42-52, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12377.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"52","ipdsId":"IP-072291","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai‘i","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.36178588867188,\n 19.75571800093756\n ],\n [\n -155.36178588867188,\n 19.922358302239935\n ],\n [\n -155.17845153808594,\n 19.922358302239935\n ],\n [\n -155.17845153808594,\n 19.75571800093756\n ],\n [\n -155.36178588867188,\n 19.75571800093756\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0a5e4b072a7ac1298df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yelenik, Stephanie G. 0000-0002-9011-0769 syelenik@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-0769","contributorId":5251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yelenik","given":"Stephanie","email":"syelenik@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70180629,"text":"70180629 - 2017 - Potential distribution of the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in the Great Lakes region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T10:34:42","indexId":"70180629","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential distribution of the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in the Great Lakes region","docAbstract":"Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) genotype IVb has been responsible for large-scale fish mortality events in the Great Lakes of North America. Anticipating the areas of potential VHSV occurrence is key to designing epidemiological surveillance and disease prevention strategies in the Great Lakes basin. We explored the environmental features that could shape the distribution of VHSV, based on remote sensing and climate data via ecological niche modelling. Variables included temperature measured during the day and night, precipitation, vegetation, bathymetry, solar radiation and topographic wetness. VHSV occurrences were obtained from available reports of virus confirmation in laboratory facilities. We fit a Maxent model using VHSV-IVb reports and environmental variables under different parameterizations to identify the best model to determine potential VHSV occurrence based on environmental suitability. VHSV reports were generated from both passive and active surveillance. VHSV occurrences were most abundant near shore sites. We were, however, able to capture the environmental signature of VHSV based on the environmental variables employed in our model, allowing us to identify patterns of VHSV potential occurrence. Our findings suggest that VHSV is not at an ecological equilibrium and more areas could be affected, including areas not in close geographic proximity to past VHSV reports.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfd.12490","usgsCitation":"Escobar, L.E., Kurath, G., Escobar-Dodero, J., Craft, M.E., and Phelps, N.B., 2017, Potential distribution of the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in the Great Lakes region: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 40, no. 1, p. 11-28, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12490.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"28","ipdsId":"IP-072867","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.35107421874999,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -92.35107421874999,\n 47.264320080254805\n ],\n [\n -75.4541015625,\n 47.264320080254805\n ],\n [\n -75.4541015625,\n 40.64730356252251\n ],\n [\n -92.35107421874999,\n 40.64730356252251\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0a3e4b072a7ac1298db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Escobar, Luis E.","contributorId":178962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Escobar","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":661793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Escobar-Dodero, Joaquim","contributorId":178963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Escobar-Dodero","given":"Joaquim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Craft, Meggan E.","contributorId":168372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craft","given":"Meggan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":661795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phelps, Nicholas B.D.","contributorId":95803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"B.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178937,"text":"ofr20161203 - 2017 - Noble gas isotopes in mineral springs and wells within the Cascadia forearc, Washington, Oregon, and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T09:53:14","indexId":"ofr20161203","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1203","title":"Noble gas isotopes in mineral springs and wells within the Cascadia forearc, Washington, Oregon, and California","docAbstract":"This U.S. Geological Survey report presents laboratory analyses along with field notes for an exploratory study to document the relative abundance of noble gases in mineral springs and water wells within the Cascadia forearc of Washington, Oregon, and California (fig. 1). This report describes 14 samples collected in 2014 and 2015 and complements a previous report that describes 9 samples collected in 2012 and 2013 (McCrory and others, 2014b). Estimates of the depth to the underlying Juan de Fuca oceanic plate beneath sample sites are derived from the McCrory and others (2012) slab model. Some of the springs have been previously sampled for chemical analyses (Mariner and others, 2006), but none of the springs or wells currently has publicly available noble gas data. The helium and neon isotope values and ratios presented below are used to determine the sources and mixing history of these mineral and well waters (for example, McCrory and others, 2016).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161203","usgsCitation":"McCrory, P.A., Constantz, J.E., and Hunt, A.G., 2017, Noble gas isotopes in mineral springs and wells within the Cascadia forearc, Washington, Oregon, and California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1203, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161203.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 58 p; Companion File","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-075367","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334305,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1203/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":334306,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1203/ofr20161203.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1203"},{"id":334307,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1203/ofr20161203_NobleGasData.xlsx","text":"Noble Gas Data","size":"14 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2016–1203 Noble Gas Data"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia Forearc","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -132,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -132,\n 52\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 52\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -132,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information, Menlo Park, Calif. Office—Earthquake Science Center
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345 Middlefield Road, MS 977
Menlo Park, CA 94025
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/
Characterization of permafrost, particularly warm and near-surface permafrost which can contain significant liquid water, is critical to understanding complex interrelationships with climate change, ecosystems, and disturbances such as wildfires. Understanding the vulnerability and resilience of permafrost requires an interdisciplinary approach, relying on (for example) geophysical investigations, ecological characterization, direct observations, remote sensing, and more. As part of a multi-year investigation into the impacts of wildfires to permafrost, we have collected in situ measurements of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) response of active layer and permafrost in a variety of soil conditions, types, and saturations. In this paper, we summarize the NMR data and present quantitative relationships between active layer and permafrost liquid water content and pore sizes. Through statistical analyses and synthetic freezing simulations, we also demonstrate that borehole NMR can image the nucleation of ice within soil pore spaces.
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bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pastick, Neal J. 0000-0002-8169-3018 njpastick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8169-3018","contributorId":4785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pastick","given":"Neal","email":"njpastick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, Dana R N","contributorId":194021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"R N","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187565,"text":"70187565 - 2017 - The use of data-mining techniques for developing effective decisionsupport systems: A case study of simulating the effects ofclimate change on coastal salinity intrusion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T09:46:33","indexId":"70187565","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"408","title":"The use of data-mining techniques for developing effective decisionsupport systems: A case study of simulating the effects ofclimate change on coastal salinity intrusion","docAbstract":"Natural-resource managers and stakeholders face difficult challenges when managing interactions between natural and societal systems. Potential changes in climate could alter interactions between environmental and societal systems and adversely affect the availability of water resources in many coastal communities. The availability of freshwater in coastal streams can be threatened by saltwater intrusion. Even though the collective interests and computer skills of the community of managers, scientists and other stakeholders are quite varied, there is an overarching need for equal access by all to the scientific knowledge needed to make the best possible decisions. This paper describes a decision support system, PRISM-2, developed to evaluate salinity intrusion due to potential climate change along the South Carolina coast in southeastern USA. The decision support system is disseminated as a spreadsheet application and integrates the output of global circulation models, watershed models and salinity intrusion models with real-time databases for simulation, graphical user interfaces, and streaming displays of results. The results from PRISM-2 showed that a 31-cm and 62-cm increase in sea level reduced the daily availability of freshwater supply to a coastal municipal intake by 4% and 12% of the time, respectively. Future climate change projections by a global circulation model showed a seasonal change in salinity intrusion events from the summer to the fall for the majority of events.
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The largest remaining population of the species spawns and rears in the Little Colorado River in Grand Canyon. Construction and operation of Glen Canyon Dam has altered the main-stem Colorado River in Glen and Grand Canyons. Cold, clear water releases from the dam result in a river that is generally unsuitable for successful humpback chub reproduction. During the early 1990s, nine locations within the main-stem Colorado River were identified as humpback chub aggregations—areas with a consistent and disjunct group of fish with no significant exchange of individuals with other aggregations. We monitored main-stem Colorado River aggregations of humpback chub in Grand Canyon during 2010 to 2014 and compared our results to previous investigations. Relative abundance, as described by catch per unit effort (fish per hour) of adult humpback chub at most main-stem aggregations, generally increased from the 1990s to 2014. In addition, distribution of humpback chub in the main-stem Colorado River has increased since the 1990s. Movement of humpback chub between the Little Colorado River and other aggregations likely adds fish to those aggregations. There is clear evidence of reproduction near the 30-Mile aggregation, and reproduction at Middle Granite Gorge and downstream seems likely based on catches of gravid fish and captures of very young fish, especially during relatively warm water releases from Glen Canyon Dam, 2004 to 2011. Humpback chub relative abundance at Shinumo and Havasu Creek inflows increased following translocations of young humpback chub starting in 2009. In light of this information, we modify the original nine aggregations, combining two previously separate aggregations and dropping two locations to form six distinct aggregations of humpback chub. Trends in humpback chub abundance at main-stem aggregations, relative to management actions (for example, translocations) or changing environmental conditions (for example, river warming), informs management of the species across a riverscape scale within the Colorado River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161177","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Persons, W.R., Van Haverbeke, D.R., and Dodrill, M.J., 2017, Colorado River fish monitoring in Grand Canyon, Arizona; 2002–14 humpback chub aggregations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1177, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161177.","productDescription":"v, 43 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077512","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334348,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1177/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":334349,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1177/ofr20161177.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1177"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Grand Canyon","contact":"GCMRC Staff, Southwest Biological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center
2255 N. Gemini Drive
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
https://www.gcmrc.gov/
Paleomagnetic directions and 40Ar/39Ar ages have been determined for samples of lava flows from the same outcrops, where possible, for 84 eruptive units ranging in age from 3200 ka to 60 ka within the Boring Volcanic Field (BVF) of the Pacific Northwest, USA. This study expands upon our previous results for the BVF, and compares the combined results with the current geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS). Lava flows with transitional directions were found within the BVF at the Matuyama-Brunhes and Jaramillo-Matuyama polarity boundaries, and replicate ages corresponding to these and other boundaries have been newly ascertained. Although the BVF data generally agree with GPTS chronozone boundaries, they indicate that onset of the Gauss-Matuyama transition and Olduvai subchron occurred significantly earlier than given in the current time scale calibration. Additional comparisons show that the BVF results are consistent with recent statistical models of geomagnetic paleosecular variation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2016.07.008","usgsCitation":"Hagstrum, J.T., Fleck, R.J., Evarts, R., and Calvert, A.T., 2017, Paleomagnetism and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Plio-Pleistocene Boring Volcanic Field: Implications for the geomagnetic polarity time scale and paleosecular variation: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 262, p. 101-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2016.07.008.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"115","ipdsId":"IP-076015","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2016.07.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":355622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"262","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b46e766e4b060350a15d2ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hagstrum, Jonathan T. 0000-0002-0689-280X jhag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-280X","contributorId":3474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagstrum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jhag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evarts, Russell C.","contributorId":206202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evarts","given":"Russell C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Calvert, Andrew T. 0000-0001-5237-2218 acalvert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-2218","contributorId":2694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"Andrew","email":"acalvert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}