{"pageNumber":"1021","pageRowStart":"25500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":70028438,"text":"70028438 - 2006 - Role of transient water pressure in quarrying: A subglacial experiment using acoustic emissions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:44","indexId":"70028438","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of transient water pressure in quarrying: A subglacial experiment using acoustic emissions","docAbstract":"Probably the most important mechanism of glacial erosion is quarrying: the growth and coalescence of cracks in subglacial bedrock and dislodgement of resultant rock fragments. Although evidence indicates that erosion rates depend on sliding speed, rates of crack growth in bedrock may be enhanced by changing stresses on the bed caused by fluctuating basal water pressure in zones of ice-bed separation. To study quarrying in real time, a granite step, 12 cm high with a crack in its stoss surface, was installed at the bed of Engabreen, Norway. Acoustic emission sensors monitored crack growth events in the step as ice slid over it. Vertical stresses, water pressure, and cavity height in the lee of the step were also measured. Water was pumped to the lee of the step several times over 8 days. Pumping initially caused opening of a leeward cavity, which then closed after pumping was stopped and water pressure decreased. During cavity closure, acoustic emissions emanating mostly from the vicinity of the base of the crack in the step increased dramatically. With repeated pump tests this crack grew with time until the step's lee surface was quarried. Our experiments indicate that fluctuating water pressure caused stress thresholds required for crack growth to be exceeded. Natural basal water pressure fluctuations should also concentrate stresses on rock steps, increasing rates of crack growth. Stress changes on the bed due to water pressure fluctuations will increase in magnitude and duration with cavity size, which may help explain the effect of sliding speed on erosion rates. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2005JF000439","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Cohen, D., Hooyer, T., Iverson, N., Thomason, J., and Jackson, M., 2006, Role of transient water pressure in quarrying: A subglacial experiment using acoustic emissions: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 111, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JF000439.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477521,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005jf000439","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210275,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JF000439"},{"id":237146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae73e4b0c8380cd870d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cohen, D.","contributorId":108299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooyer, T.S.","contributorId":83242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooyer","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iverson, N.R.","contributorId":19682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomason, J.F.","contributorId":11745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomason","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jackson, M.","contributorId":59199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028170,"text":"70028170 - 2006 - Mountain hydrology of the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T12:45:48","indexId":"70028170","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mountain hydrology of the western United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Climate change and climate variability, population growth, and land use change drive the need for new hydrologic knowledge and understanding. In the mountainous West and other similar areas worldwide, three pressing hydrologic needs stand out: first, to better understand the processes controlling the partitioning of energy and water fluxes within and out from these systems; second, to better understand feedbacks between hydrological fluxes and biogeochemical and ecological processes; and, third, to enhance our physical and empirical understanding with integrated measurement strategies and information systems. We envision an integrative approach to monitoring, modeling, and sensing the mountain environment that will improve understanding and prediction of hydrologic fluxes and processes. Here extensive monitoring of energy fluxes and hydrologic states are needed to supplement existing measurements, which are largely limited to streamflow and snow water equivalent. Ground‐based observing systems must be explicitly designed for integration with remotely sensed data and for scaling up to basins and whole ranges.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004387","usgsCitation":"Bales, R.C., Molotch, N.P., Painter, T.H., Dettinger, M., Rice, R., and Dozier, J., 2006, Mountain hydrology of the western United States: Water Resources Research, v. 42, no. 8, Article W08432; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004387.","productDescription":"Article W08432; 13 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005wr004387","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5eb5e4b0c8380cd70c02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bales, Roger C.","contributorId":189659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bales","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Molotch, Noah P. 0000-0003-4733-8060","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-8060","contributorId":203466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molotch","given":"Noah","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":416888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Painter, Thomas H.","contributorId":193067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Painter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":146383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rice, Robert","contributorId":149915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rice","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dozier, Jeff","contributorId":190695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dozier","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028504,"text":"70028504 - 2006 - A ubiquitous thermoacidophilic archaeon from deep-sea hydrothermal vents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028504","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A ubiquitous thermoacidophilic archaeon from deep-sea hydrothermal vents","docAbstract":"Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are important in global biogeochemical cycles, providing biological oases at the sea floor that are supported by the thermal and chemical flux from the Earth's interior. As hot, acidic and reduced hydrothermal fluids mix with cold, alkaline and oxygenated sea water, minerals precipitate to form porous sulphide-sulphate deposits. These structures provide microhabitats for a diversity of prokaryotes that exploit the geochemical and physical gradients in this dynamic ecosystem. It has been proposed that fluid pH in the actively venting sulphide structures is generally low (pH < 4.5), yet no extreme thermoacidophile has been isolated from vent deposits. Culture-independent surveys based on ribosomal RNA genes from deep-sea hydrothermal deposits have identified a widespread euryarchaeotal lineage, DHVE2 (deep-sea hydrothermal vent euryarchaeotic 2). Despite the ubiquity and apparent deep-sea endemism of DHVE2, cultivation of this group has been unsuccessful and thus its metabolism remains a mystery. Here we report the isolation and cultivation of a member of the DHVE2 group, which is an obligate thermoacidophilic sulphur- or iron-reducing heterotroph capable of growing from pH 3.3 to 5.8 and between 55 and 75??C. In addition, we demonstrate that this isolate constitutes up to 15% of the archaeal population, providing evidence that thermoacidophiles may be key players in the sulphur and iron cycling at deep-sea vents. ?? 2006 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04921","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Reysenbach, A., Liu, Y., Banta, A., Beveridge, T., Kirshtein, J., Schouten, S., Tivey, M., Von Damm, K.L., and Voytek, M., 2006, A ubiquitous thermoacidophilic archaeon from deep-sea hydrothermal vents: Nature, v. 442, no. 7101, p. 444-447, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04921.","startPage":"444","endPage":"447","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":496369,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/bio_fac/54","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209808,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04921"},{"id":236529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"442","issue":"7101","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e60ae4b0c8380cd4710c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reysenbach, A.-L.","contributorId":8660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reysenbach","given":"A.-L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Yajing","contributorId":16553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Yajing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Banta, A.B.","contributorId":41198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beveridge, T.J.","contributorId":35524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beveridge","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirshtein, J. D.","contributorId":33479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirshtein","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schouten, S.","contributorId":7064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schouten","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tivey, M.K.","contributorId":92855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tivey","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Von Damm, Karen L.","contributorId":87701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Von Damm","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Voytek, M.A.","contributorId":44272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70028468,"text":"70028468 - 2006 - Design of a computerized, temperature-controlled, recirculating aquaria system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028468","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":852,"text":"Aquacultural Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design of a computerized, temperature-controlled, recirculating aquaria system","docAbstract":"We built a recirculating aquaria system with computerized temperature control to maintain static temperatures, increase temperatures 1 ??C/day, and maintain diel temperature fluctuations up to 10 ??C. A LabVIEW program compared the temperature recorded by thermocouples in fish tanks to a desired set temperature and then calculated the amount of hot or cold water to add to tanks to reach or maintain the desired temperature. Intellifaucet?? three-way mixing valves controlled temperature of the input water and ensured that all fish tanks had the same turnover rate. The system was analyzed over a period of 50 days and was fully functional for 96% of that time. Six different temperature treatments were run simultaneously in 18, 72 L fish tanks and temperatures stayed within 0.5 ??C of set temperature. We used the system to determine the upper temperature tolerance of fishes, but it could be used in aquaculture, ecological studies, or other aquatic work where temperature control is required. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquacultural Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaeng.2005.11.001","issn":"01448609","usgsCitation":"Widmer, A., Carveth, C., Keffler, J., and Bonar, S.A., 2006, Design of a computerized, temperature-controlled, recirculating aquaria system: Aquacultural Engineering, v. 35, no. 2, p. 152-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2005.11.001.","startPage":"152","endPage":"160","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210166,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2005.11.001"},{"id":237003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff3ce4b0c8380cd4f0b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Widmer, A.M.","contributorId":38755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widmer","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carveth, C.J.","contributorId":46285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carveth","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keffler, J.W.","contributorId":60091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keffler","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A.","contributorId":79617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028127,"text":"70028127 - 2006 - Macroinvertebrate abundance, water chemistry, and wetland characteristics affect use of wetlands by avian species in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T13:29:38","indexId":"70028127","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Macroinvertebrate abundance, water chemistry, and wetland characteristics affect use of wetlands by avian species in Maine","docAbstract":"<p><span>Our objective was to determine use by avian species (e.g., piscivores, marsh birds, waterfowl, selected passerines) of 29 wetlands in areas with low (&lt;200&nbsp;μeq&nbsp;l</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) in southeastern Maine. We documented bird, pair, and brood use during 1982–1984 and in 1982 we sampled 10 wetlands with a sweep net to collect invertebrates. We related mean numbers of invertebrates per wetland to water chemistry, basin characteristics, and avian use of different wetland types. Shallow, beaver (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Castor canadensis</i><span>)-created wetlands with the highest phosphorus levels and abundant and varied macrophyte assemblages supported greater densities of macroinvertebrates and numbers of duck broods (88.3% of all broods) in contrast to deep, glacial type wetlands with sparse vegetation and lower invertebrate densities that supported fewer broods (11.7%). Low pH may have affected some acid-intolerant invertebrate taxa (i.e., Ephemeroptera), but high mean numbers of Insecta per wetland were recorded from wetlands with a pH of 5.51. Other Classes and Orders of invertebrates were more abundant on wetlands with pH &gt; 5.51. All years combined use of wetlands by broods was greater on wetlands with pH ≤ 5.51 (77.4%) in contract to wetlands with pH &gt; 5.51 that supported 21.8% of the broods. High mean brood density was associated with mean number of Insecta per wetland. For lentic wetlands created by beaver, those habitats contained vegetative structure and nutrients necessary to provide cover to support invertebrate populations that are prey of omnivore and insectivore species. The fishless status of a few wetlands may have affected use by some waterfowl species and obligate piscivores.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-006-0055-x","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., McAuley, D., Pendelton, G., Bennatti, C.R., Mingo, T., and Stromborg, K., 2006, Macroinvertebrate abundance, water chemistry, and wetland characteristics affect use of wetlands by avian species in Maine: Hydrobiologia, v. 567, no. 1, p. 143-167, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0055-x.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210256,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0055-x"}],"volume":"567","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b18e4b0c8380cd692af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAuley, D.G. 0000-0003-3674-6392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-6392","contributorId":15296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"D.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pendelton, G.W.","contributorId":82116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendelton","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennatti, C. R.","contributorId":68011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennatti","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mingo, T.M.","contributorId":44266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mingo","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stromborg, K. L.","contributorId":34466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromborg","given":"K. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028171,"text":"70028171 - 2006 - Relative contributions of transient and steady state infiltration during ephemeral streamflow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T13:55:19","indexId":"70028171","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative contributions of transient and steady state infiltration during ephemeral streamflow","docAbstract":"<p><span>Simulations of infiltration during three ephemeral streamflow events in a coarse‐grained alluvial channel overlying a less permeable basin‐fill layer were conducted to determine the relative contribution of transient infiltration at the onset of streamflow to cumulative infiltration for the event. Water content, temperature, and piezometric measurements from 2.5‐m vertical profiles within the alluvial sediments were used to constrain a variably saturated water flow and heat transport model. Simulated and measured transient infiltration rates at the onset of streamflow were about two to three orders of magnitude greater than steady state infiltration rates. The duration of simulated transient infiltration ranged from 1.8 to 20 hours, compared with steady state flow periods of 231 to 307 hours. Cumulative infiltration during the transient period represented 10 to 26% of the total cumulative infiltration, with an average contribution of approximately 18%. Cumulative infiltration error for the simulated streamflow events ranged from 9 to 25%. Cumulative infiltration error for typical streamflow events of about 8 hours in duration in is about 90%. This analysis indicates that when estimating total cumulative infiltration in coarse‐grained ephemeral stream channels, consideration of the transient infiltration at the onset of streamflow will improve predictions of the total volume of infiltration that may become groundwater recharge.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004049","usgsCitation":"Blasch, K.W., Ferré, T., Hoffmann, J.P., and Fleming, J.B., 2006, Relative contributions of transient and steady state infiltration during ephemeral streamflow: Water Resources Research, v. 42, no. 8, Article W08405; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004049.","productDescription":"Article W08405; 13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477358,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005wr004049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa67be4b0c8380cd84e9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blasch, Kyle W. 0000-0002-0590-0724 kblasch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-0724","contributorId":1631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"Kyle","email":"kblasch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":416893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferré, Ty P.A.","contributorId":35647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferré","given":"Ty P.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffmann, John P. jphoffma@usgs.gov","contributorId":1337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffmann","given":"John","email":"jphoffma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":416896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleming, John B.","contributorId":33788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028516,"text":"70028516 - 2006 - Longitudinal hydraulic analysis of river‐aquifer exchanges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T12:15:12","indexId":"70028516","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Longitudinal hydraulic analysis of river‐aquifer exchanges","docAbstract":"<p><span>A longitudinal analysis of transient flow between a river and an underlying aquifer is developed to calculate flow rates between the river and the aquifer and the location of groundwater seepage into the river as it changes over time. Two flow domains are defined in the analysis: an upstream domain of fluvial recharge, where water flows vertically from the river into the unsaturated portion of the aquifer and horizontally in saturated parts of the aquifer, and a downstream domain of groundwater seepage to the river, where groundwater flows parallel to the underlying impermeable base. The river does not necessarily penetrate completely through the aquifer. A one‐dimensional, unsteady flow equation is derived from mass conservation, Darcy's law, and the geometry of the river‐aquifer system to calculate the water table position and the groundwater seepage rate into the river. Models based on numerical and analytical solutions of the flow equation were applied to a reach of the Methow River in north central Washington. The calibrated models simulated groundwater seepage with a root‐mean‐square error less than 5% of the mean groundwater seepage rates for three low‐flow evaluation periods. The analytical model provides a theoretical basis for a nonlinear exponential base flow recession generated by a draining aquifer, but not an explicit functional form for the recession. Unlike cross‐sectional approaches, the longitudinal approach allows the analysis of the length and location of groundwater seepage to a river, which have important ecological implications in many rivers. In the numerical simulations, the length of the groundwater seepage varied seasonally by about 4 km and the upstream boundary of groundwater seepage was within 689 m of its location at a stream gage on 9 September 2001 and within 91 m of its location on 6 October 2002. To demonstrate its utility in ecological applications, the numerical model was used to calculate differences in length of groundwater seepage to the Methow River under an early runoff scenario and the timing of those differences with respect to life stages of chinook salmon.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004197","usgsCitation":"Konrad, C., 2006, Longitudinal hydraulic analysis of river‐aquifer exchanges: Water Resources Research, v. 42, no. 8, Article W08425; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004197.","productDescription":"Article W08425; 14 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49c3e4b0c8380cd6887d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konrad, C.P.","contributorId":39027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028097,"text":"70028097 - 2006 - Multiple baseline radar interferometry applied to coastal land cover classification and change analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-27T13:42:18","indexId":"70028097","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1722,"text":"GIScience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple baseline radar interferometry applied to coastal land cover classification and change analyses","docAbstract":"<p>ERS-1 and ERS-2 SAR data were collected in tandem over a four-month period and used to generate interferometric coherence, phase, and intensity products that we compared to a classified land cover coastal map of Big Bend, Florida. Forests displayed the highest intensity, and marshes the lowest. The intensity for fresh marsh and forests progressively shifted while saline marsh intensity variance distribution changed with the season. Intensity variability suggested instability between temporal comparisons. Forests, especially hardwoods, displayed lower coherences and marshes higher. Only marshes retained coherence after 70 days. Coherence was more responsive to land cover class than intensity and provided discrimination in winter. Phase distributions helped reveal variation in vegetation structure, identify broad land cover classes and unique within-class variations, and estimate water-level changes. Copyright ?? 2006 by V. H. Winston &amp; Son, Inc. All rights reserved.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.2747/1548-1603.43.4.283","issn":"15481603","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., Lu, Z., Rangoonwala, A., and Rykhus, R., 2006, Multiple baseline radar interferometry applied to coastal land cover classification and change analyses: GIScience and Remote Sensing, v. 43, no. 4, p. 283-309, https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.43.4.283.","startPage":"283","endPage":"309","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486882,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.43.4.283","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6061e4b0c8380cd713f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":72769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":416516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rangoonwala, A. 0000-0002-0556-0598","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":95248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":416517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rykhus, Russ","contributorId":53575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rykhus","given":"Russ","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028198,"text":"70028198 - 2006 - Leaf gas exchange characteristics of three neotropical mangrove species in response to varying hydroperiod","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T17:09:07","indexId":"70028198","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3649,"text":"Tree Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Leaf gas exchange characteristics of three neotropical mangrove species in response to varying hydroperiod","docAbstract":"<p><span>We determined how different hydroperiods affected leaf gas exchange characteristics of greenhouse-grown seedlings (2002) and saplings (2003) of the mangrove species&nbsp;</span><i>Avicennia germinans</i><span>&nbsp;(L.) Stearn.,&nbsp;</span><i>Laguncularia racemosa</i><span>&nbsp;(L.) Gaertn. f., and&nbsp;</span><i>Rhizophora mangle</i><span>&nbsp;L. Hydroperiod treatments included no flooding (unflooded), intermittent flooding (intermittent), and permanent flooding (flooded). Plants in the intermittent treatment were measured under both flooded and drained states and compared separately. In the greenhouse study, plants of all species maintained different leaf areas in the contrasting hydroperiods during both years. Assimilation&ndash;light response curves indicated that the different hydroperiods had little effect on leaf gas exchange characteristics in either seedlings or saplings. However, short-term intermittent flooding for between 6 and 22 days caused a 20% reduction in maximum leaf-level carbon assimilation rate, a 51% lower light requirement to attain 50% of maximum assimilation, and a 38% higher demand from dark respiration. Although interspecific differences were evident for nearly all measured parameters in both years, there was little consistency in ranking of the interspecific responses. Species by hydroperiod interactions were significant only for sapling leaf area. In a field study,&nbsp;</span><i>R. mangle</i><span>&nbsp;saplings along the Shark River in the Everglades National Park either demonstrated no significant effect or slight enhancement of carbon assimilation and water-use efficiency while flooded. We obtained little evidence that contrasting hydroperiods affect leaf gas exchange characteristics of mangrove seedlings or saplings over long time intervals; however, intermittent flooding may cause short-term depressions in leaf gas exchange. The resilience of mangrove systems to flooding, as demonstrated in the permanently flooded treatments, will likely promote photosynthetic and morphological adjustment to slight hydroperiod shifts in many settings.</span>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Heron Publishing","publisherLocation":"Victoria, Canada","doi":"10.1093/treephys/26.7.959","issn":"0829318X","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K.W., Twilley, R.R., Doyle, T.W., and Gardiner, E.S., 2006, Leaf gas exchange characteristics of three neotropical mangrove species in response to varying hydroperiod: Tree Physiology, v. 26, no. 7, p. 959-968, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/26.7.959.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"959","endPage":"968","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487571,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/26.7.959","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45ece4b0c8380cd67527","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twilley, Robert R.","contributorId":34585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twilley","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":417016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doyle, Thomas W. 0000-0001-5754-0671 doylet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Thomas","email":"doylet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardiner, Emile S.","contributorId":168576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardiner","given":"Emile","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028300,"text":"70028300 - 2006 - Estimated sand and gravel resources of the South Merrimack, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, 7.5-minute quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70028300","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimated sand and gravel resources of the South Merrimack, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, 7.5-minute quadrangle","docAbstract":"A computer methodology is presented that allows natural aggregate producers, local governmental, and nongovernmental planners to define specific locations that may have sand and gravel deposits meeting user-specified minimum size, thickness, and geographic and geologic criteria, in areas where the surficial geology has been mapped. As an example, the surficial geologic map of the South Merrimack quadrangle was digitized and several digital geographic information system databases were downloaded from the internet and used to estimate the sand and gravel resources in the quadrangle. More than 41 percent of the South Merrimack quadrangle has been mapped as having sand and (or) gravel deposited by glacial meltwaters. These glaciofluvial areas are estimated to contain a total of 10 million m3 of material mapped as gravel, 60 million m3 of material mapped as mixed sand and gravel, and another 50 million m3 of material mapped as sand with minor silt. The mean thickness of these areas is about 1.95 meters. Twenty tracts were selected, each having individual areas of more than about 14 acres4 (5.67 hectares) of stratified glacial-meltwater sand and gravel deposits, at least 10-feet (3.0 m) of material above the watertable, and not sterilized by the proximity of buildings, roads, streams and other bodies of water, or railroads. The 20 tracts are estimated to contain between about 4 and 10 million short tons (st) of gravel and 20 and 30 million st of sand. The five most gravel-rich tracts contain about 71 to 82 percent of the gravel resources in all 20 tracts and about 54-56 percent of the sand. Using this methodology, and the above criteria, a group of four tracts, divided by narrow areas sterilized by a small stream and secondary roads, may have the highest potential in the quadrangle for sand and gravel resources. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Natural Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11053-006-9021-6","issn":"15207439","usgsCitation":"Sutphin, D.M., Drew, L., and Fowler, B., 2006, Estimated sand and gravel resources of the South Merrimack, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, 7.5-minute quadrangle: Natural Resources Research, v. 15, no. 3, p. 183-203, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-006-9021-6.","startPage":"183","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210290,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11053-006-9021-6"},{"id":237168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0aa1e4b0c8380cd523fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutphin, D. M.","contributorId":27424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, L.J.","contributorId":69157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fowler, B.K.","contributorId":82883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028088,"text":"70028088 - 2006 - The contribution of leaching to the rapid release of nutrients and carbon in the early decay of wetland vegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028088","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The contribution of leaching to the rapid release of nutrients and carbon in the early decay of wetland vegetation","docAbstract":"Our goal was to quantify the coupled process of litter turnover and leaching as a source of nutrients and fixed carbon in oligotrophic, nutrient-limited wetlands. We conducted poisoned and non-poisoned incubations of leaf material from four different perennial wetland plants (Eleocharis spp., Cladium jamaicense, Rhizophora mangle and Spartina alterniflora) collected from different oligotrophic freshwater and estuarine wetland settings. Total phosphorus (TP) release from the P-limited Everglades plant species (Eleocharis spp., C. jamaicense and R. mangle) was much lower than TP release by the salt marsh plant S. alterniflora from N-limited North Inlet (SC). For most species and sampling times, total organic carbon (TOC) and TP leaching losses were much greater in poisoned than non-poisoned treatments, likely as a result of epiphytic microbial activity. Therefore, a substantial portion of the C and P leached from these wetland plant species was bio-available to microbial communities. Even the microbes associated with S. alterniflora from N-limited North Inlet showed indications of P-limitation early in the leaching process, as P was removed from the water column. Leaves of R. mangle released much more TOC per gram of litter than the other species, likely contributing to the greater waterborne [DOC] observed by others in the mangrove ecotone of Everglades National Park. Between the two freshwater Everglades plants, C. jamaicense leached nearly twice as much P than Eleocharis spp. In scaling this to the landscape level, our observed leaching losses combined with higher litter production of C. jamaicense compared to Eleocharis spp. resulted in a substantially greater P leaching from plant litter to the water column and epiphytic microbes. In conclusion, leaching of fresh plant litter can be an important autochthonous source of nutrients in freshwater and estuarine wetland ecosystems. ?? Springer 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10750-006-0124-1","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Davis, S.E., Childers, D., and Noe, G., 2006, The contribution of leaching to the rapid release of nutrients and carbon in the early decay of wetland vegetation: Hydrobiologia, v. 569, no. 1, p. 87-97, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0124-1.","startPage":"87","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210148,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0124-1"},{"id":236980,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"569","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa5ee4b08c986b3227f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, S. E. III","contributorId":83720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"S.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childers, D.L.","contributorId":44334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childers","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noe, G.B.","contributorId":66464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028087,"text":"70028087 - 2006 - Landscape conditions predisposing grizzly bears to conflicts on private agricultural lands in the western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:42","indexId":"70028087","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape conditions predisposing grizzly bears to conflicts on private agricultural lands in the western USA","docAbstract":"We used multiple logistic regression to model how different landscape conditions contributed to the probability of human-grizzly bear conflicts on private agricultural ranch lands. We used locations of livestock pastures, traditional livestock carcass disposal areas (boneyards), beehives, and wetland-riparian associated vegetation to model the locations of 178 reported human-grizzly bear conflicts along the Rocky Mountain East Front, Montana, USA during 1986-2001. We surveyed 61 livestock producers in the upper Teton watershed of north-central Montana, to collect spatial and temporal data on livestock pastures, boneyards, and beehives for the same period, accounting for changes in livestock and boneyard management and beehive location and protection, for each season. We used 2032 random points to represent the null hypothesis of random location relative to potential explanatory landscape features, and used Akaike's Information Criteria (AIC/AICC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistics for model selection. We used a resulting \"best\" model to map contours of predicted probabilities of conflict, and used this map for verification with an independent dataset of conflicts to provide additional insights regarding the nature of conflicts. The presence of riparian vegetation and distances to spring, summer, and fall sheep or cattle pastures, calving and sheep lambing areas, unmanaged boneyards, and fenced and unfenced beehives were all associated with the likelihood of human-grizzly bear conflicts. Our model suggests that collections of attractants concentrated in high quality bear habitat largely explain broad patterns of human-grizzly bear conflicts on private agricultural land in our study area. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2005.12.001","issn":"00063207","usgsCitation":"Wilson, S., Madel, M., Mattson, D., Graham, J., and Merrill, T., 2006, Landscape conditions predisposing grizzly bears to conflicts on private agricultural lands in the western USA: Biological Conservation, v. 130, no. 1, p. 47-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.12.001.","startPage":"47","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210147,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.12.001"},{"id":236979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4404e4b0c8380cd667a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, S.M.","contributorId":52731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madel, M.J.","contributorId":33111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madel","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mattson, D.J.","contributorId":57022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, J.M.","contributorId":57651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merrill, T.","contributorId":89301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merrill","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028489,"text":"70028489 - 2006 - Does life history predict risk-taking behavior of wintering dabbling ducks?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-02T08:40:16","indexId":"70028489","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does life history predict risk-taking behavior of wintering dabbling ducks?","docAbstract":"Life-history theory predicts that longer-lived, less fecund species should take fewer risks when exposed to predation than shorter-lived, more fecund species. We tested this prediction for seven species of dabbling ducks (Anas) by measuring the approach behavior (behavior of ducks when approaching potential landing sites) of 1099 duck flocks during 37 hunting trials and 491 flocks during 13 trials conducted immediately after the 1999-2000 waterfowl hunting season in California, USA. We also experimentally manipulated the attractiveness of the study site by using two decoy treatments: (1) traditional, stationary decoys only, and (2) traditional decoys in conjunction with a mechanical spinning-wing decoy. Approach behavior of ducks was strongly correlated with their life history. Minimum approach distance was negatively correlated with reproductive output during each decoy treatment and trial type. Similarly, the proportion of flocks taking risk (approaching landing sites to within 45 m) was positively correlated with reproductive output. We found similar patterns of approach behavior in relation to other life-history parameters (i.e., adult female body mass and annual adult female survival rate). Thus, species characterized by a slower life-history strategy (e.g., Northern Pintail [A. acuta]) were more risk-averse than species with a faster life-history strategy (e.g., Cinnamon Teal [A. cyanoptera]). Furthermore, although we were able to reduce risk-averseness using the spinning-wing decoy, we were unable to override the influence of life history on risk-taking behavior. Alternative explanations did not account for the observed correlation between approach behavior and life-history parameters. These results suggest that life history influences the risk-taking behavior of dabbling ducks and provide an explanation for the differential vulnerability of waterfowl to harvest. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Eadie, J., and Moore, T., 2006, Does life history predict risk-taking behavior of wintering dabbling ducks?: Condor, v. 108, no. 3, p. 530-546.","startPage":"530","endPage":"546","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0393e4b0c8380cd5054e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":418304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eadie, J.M.","contributorId":8034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eadie","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, T.G.","contributorId":23094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"T.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028488,"text":"70028488 - 2006 - Distribution and ecology of Dreissena polymorpha (pallas) and Dreissena bugensis (andrusov) in the upper Volga basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:54","indexId":"70028488","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2144,"text":"Journal of ASTM International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and ecology of Dreissena polymorpha (pallas) and Dreissena bugensis (andrusov) in the upper Volga basin","docAbstract":"This paper presents data on contemporary distribution patterns of two species of Dreissenidae, the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and the Quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis), and their role in ecosystem processes in the Ivan'kovo, Uglich, Rybinsk, and Gorky Reservoirs of the Upper Volga River basin. The role of zebra mussel was also studied in experimental mesocosms of 15 m3. Maximum abundance and species diversity of macroinvertebrates, especially of leeches, polychaetes, crustaceans, and heterotopic insects, were attained in the portions of reservoirs where Dreissenidae were present and in experimental mesocosms where zebra mussel biomass was the highest. In the mesocosm studies, the presence of zebra mussel druses (colonies) provided shelter for macroinvertebrates, reducing their vulnerability to predation by perch (Perca fluviatills) larvae and yearlings, thereby increasing macroinvertebrate species diversity. It was shown that in addition to its role in aquatic biocenosis (ecological community) formation and water purification, Dreissenidae are important food objects for benthophagous fishes, especially roach (Rutilus rutilus). Examination of intestines of benthophagous fishes showed that the length of Dreissenidae ranged from 5 to 20 mm in roach; from 4 to 14 mm in silver bream (Blicca bjoerkna), and from 2 to 10 mm in bream (Abramis brama). The largest mussels consumed were Quagga mussels up to 30 mm, noted in the predatory cyprinid, ide (Leuciscus idus). Copyright ?? 2006 by ASTM International.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of ASTM International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"1546962X","usgsCitation":"Shcherbina, G.K., and Buckler, D., 2006, Distribution and ecology of Dreissena polymorpha (pallas) and Dreissena bugensis (andrusov) in the upper Volga basin: Journal of ASTM International, v. 3, no. 4.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a028ae4b0c8380cd500b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shcherbina, G. Kh","contributorId":60430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shcherbina","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kh","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckler, D.R.","contributorId":54699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckler","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028113,"text":"70028113 - 2006 - Potential inhibitors to recovery of Acropora palmata populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:43","indexId":"70028113","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential inhibitors to recovery of Acropora palmata populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"Populations of Acropora palmata in the Caribbean were decimated in the 1970s and 1980s, with little apparent signs of recovery until the late 1990s. Here, we document an increase in A. palmata colonies between 2001 and 2003 at 8 of 11 monitoring sites in waters adjacent to the island of St. John, US Virgin Islands. The shallow waters along the NW coast of the island exhibited the greatest increase in colony abundance, perhaps due to greater larval supply and/or conditions that favor settlement and subsequent survivorship. Of concern, however, is the lack of survival of large colonies (at all sites), which are most frequently affected by stressors (e.g. Coralliophila abbreviata, damselfishes, active disease) and are most likely to be remnants (colonies with discontinuous, living coral-tissue over an existing coral framework). Predation by C. abbreviata and active coral disease may directly contribute to the development of these remnant colonies. In addition, we recorded damage to colonies attributed to damselfishes and raise the possibility that these territorial reef-inhabitants act as vectors in the transmission of coral disease. While the incidence of disease around St. John is generally low, it may persist as a ubiquitous, chronic stress. Finally, because stressors are more prevalent on large colonies and in high-density stands, they have the potential to inhibit the recovery of A. palmata populations to their historic condition. ?? Inter-Research 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Grober-Dunsmore, R., Bonito, V., and Frazer, T., 2006, Potential inhibitors to recovery of Acropora palmata populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 321, p. 123-132.","startPage":"123","endPage":"132","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"321","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7f46e4b0c8380cd7aa26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grober-Dunsmore, R.","contributorId":58797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grober-Dunsmore","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonito, V.","contributorId":22560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonito","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frazer, T.K.","contributorId":10215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frazer","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028471,"text":"70028471 - 2006 - Determining anisotropic transmissivity using a simplified Papadopulos method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:45","indexId":"70028471","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining anisotropic transmissivity using a simplified Papadopulos method","docAbstract":"The straight-line method presented by Papadopulos requires a minimum of three observation wells for determining the transmissivity tensor of a homogeneous and anisotropic aquifer. A simplification of this method was developed for fractured aquifers where the principal directions of the transmissivity tensor are known prior to implementation, such as when fracture patterns on outcropping portions of the aquifer may be used to infer the principal directions. This new method assumes that observation wells are drilled along the two principal directions from the pumped well, thus reducing the required number of observation wells to two. This method was applied for an aquifer test in the fractured Navajo Sandstone of southwestern Utah and yielded minimum and maximum principal transmissivity values of 70 and 1800 m 2/d, respectively, indicating an anisotropy ratio of ???24 to 1.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00210.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Heilweil, V., and Hsieh, P.A., 2006, Determining anisotropic transmissivity using a simplified Papadopulos method: Ground Water, v. 44, no. 5, p. 749-753, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00210.x.","startPage":"749","endPage":"753","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477540,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00210.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210220,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00210.x"},{"id":237073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffebe4b0c8380cd4f490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heilweil, V.M.","contributorId":25197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heilweil","given":"V.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hsieh, P. A.","contributorId":40596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028116,"text":"70028116 - 2006 - Diurnal time-activity budgets of redheads (Aythya americana) wintering in seagrass beds and coastal ponds in Louisiana and Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-17T15:13:31","indexId":"70028116","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Diurnal time-activity budgets of redheads (<i>Aythya americana</i>) wintering in seagrass beds and coastal ponds in Louisiana and Texas","title":"Diurnal time-activity budgets of redheads (Aythya americana) wintering in seagrass beds and coastal ponds in Louisiana and Texas","docAbstract":"<p><span>Diurnal time-activity budgets were determined for wintering redheads (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Aythya americana</i><span>) from estuarine seagrass beds in Louisiana (Chandeleur Sound) and Texas (Laguna Madre) and from ponds adjacent to the Laguna Madre. Activities differed (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">p</i><span>&lt;0.0001) by location, month, and diurnal time period. Resting and feeding were the most frequent activities of redheads at the two estuarine sites, whereas drinking was almost nonexistent. Birds on ponds in Texas engaged most frequently in resting and drinking, but feeding was very infrequent. Redheads from the Louisiana estuarine site rested less than birds in Texas at either the Laguna Madre or freshwater ponds. Redheads in Louisiana fed more than birds in Texas; this was partially because of weather differences (colder temperatures in Louisiana), but the location effect was still significant even when we adjusted the model for weather effects. Redheads in Louisiana showed increased resting and decreased feeding as winter progressed, but redheads in Texas did not exhibit a seasonal pattern in either resting or feeding. In Louisiana, birds maintained a high level of feeding activity during the early morning throughout the winter, whereas afternoon feeding tapered off in mid- to late-winter. Texas birds showed a shift from morning feeding in early winter to afternoon feeding in late winter. Males and females at both Chandeleur Sound and Laguna Madre showed differences in their activities, but because the absolute difference seldom exceeded 2%, biological significance is questionable. Diurnal time-activity budgets of redheads on the wintering grounds are influenced by water salinities and the use of dietary fresh water, as well as by weather conditions, tides, and perhaps vegetation differences between sites. The opportunity to osmoregulate via dietary freshwater, vs. via nasal salt glands, may have a significant effect on behavioral allocations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10750-006-0058-7","issn":"00188158","usgsCitation":"Michot, T., Woodin, M., Adair, S., and Moser, E., 2006, Diurnal time-activity budgets of redheads (Aythya americana) wintering in seagrass beds and coastal ponds in Louisiana and Texas: Hydrobiologia, v. 567, no. 1, p. 113-128, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0058-7.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"128","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.7178955078125,\n              25.83697740052369\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.98181152343749,\n              25.83697740052369\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.98181152343749,\n              27.868216579514076\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.7178955078125,\n              27.868216579514076\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.7178955078125,\n              25.83697740052369\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.29388427734375,\n              29.191731712018708\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.17739868164062,\n              29.191731712018708\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.17739868164062,\n              30.27211440480969\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.29388427734375,\n              30.27211440480969\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.29388427734375,\n              29.191731712018708\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"567","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0341e4b0c8380cd503b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michot, T.C. 0000-0002-7044-987X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-987X","contributorId":43426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michot","given":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodin, M.C.","contributorId":97307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodin","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adair, S.E.","contributorId":8276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adair","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moser, E.B.","contributorId":6243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028121,"text":"70028121 - 2006 - Time series and recurrence interval models to predict the vulnerability of streams to episodic acidification in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-06T13:51:05","indexId":"70028121","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time series and recurrence interval models to predict the vulnerability of streams to episodic acidification in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Acid rain affects headwater streams by temporarily reducing the acid‐neutralizing capacity (ANC) of the water, a process termed episodic acidification. The increase in acidic components in stream water can have deleterious effects on the aquatic biota. Although acidic deposition is uniform across Shenandoah National Park (SNP) in north central Virginia, the stream water quality response during rain events varies substantially. This response is a function of the catchment's underlying geology and topography. Geologic and topographic data for SNP's 231 catchments are readily available; however, long‐term measurements (tens of years) of ANC and accompanying discharge are not and would be prohibitively expensive to collect. Transfer function time series models were developed to predict hourly ANC from discharge for five SNP catchments with long‐term water‐quality and discharge records. Hourly ANC predictions over short time periods (≤1 week) were averaged, and distributions of the recurrence intervals of annual water‐year minimum ANC values were model‐simulated for periods of 6, 24, 72, and 168 hours. The distributions were extrapolated to the rest of the SNP catchments on the basis of catchment geology and topography. On the basis of the models, large numbers of SNP streams have 6‐ to 168‐hour periods of low‐ANC values, which may stress resident fish populations. Smaller catchments are more vulnerable to episodic acidification than larger catchments underlain by the same bedrock. Catchments with similar topography and size are more vulnerable if underlain by less basaltic/carbonate bedrock. Many catchments are predicted to have successive years of low‐ANC values potentially sufficient to extirpate some species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2005WR004740","usgsCitation":"Deviney, F.A., Rice, K.C., and Hornberger, G., 2006, Time series and recurrence interval models to predict the vulnerability of streams to episodic acidification in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia: Water Resources Research, v. 42, no. 9, Article W09405; 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004740.","productDescription":"Article W09405; 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477567,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2005wr004740","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.20068359374999,\n              38.6275996886131\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.1512451171875,\n              38.7283759182398\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.12103271484375,\n              38.76693348394693\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.1182861328125,\n              38.86109762182888\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.19244384765625,\n              38.92522904714054\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.25286865234375,\n     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A.","contributorId":22447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deviney","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":416642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hornberger, George M.","contributorId":63894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"George M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":416641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028221,"text":"70028221 - 2006 - Fasting augments PCB impact on liver metabolism in anadromous Arctic Char","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T12:43:49","indexId":"70028221","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3608,"text":"Toxicological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fasting augments PCB impact on liver metabolism in anadromous Arctic Char","docAbstract":"Anadromous arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) undertake short feeding migrations to seawater every summer and accumulate lipids, while the rest of the year is spent in fresh water where the accumulated lipid reserves are mobilized. We tested the hypothesis that winter fasting and the associated polychlorinated biphenyls' (PCBs) redistribution from lipid depots to critical tissues impair the liver metabolic capacity in these animals. Char were administered Aroclor 1254 (0, 1, 10, and 100 mg/ kg body mass) orally and maintained for 4 months without feeding to mimic seasonal winter fasting, while fed groups (0 and 100 mg Aroclor 1254/kg) were maintained for comparison. A clear dose-related increase in PCB accumulation and cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) protein content was observed in the livers of fasted fish. This PCB concentration and CYP1A response with the high dose of Aroclor were 1.5-fold and 3-fold greater in the fasted than in the fed fish, respectively. In fed fish, PCB exposure lowered liver glycogen content, whereas none of the other metabolic indicators were significantly affected. In fasted fish, PCB exposure depressed liver glycogen content and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and elevated 3-hydroxyacylcoA dehydrogenase activity and glucocorticoid receptor protein expression. There were no significant impacts of PCB on heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and hsp90 contents in either fed or fasted fish. Collectively, our study demonstrates that winter emaciation associated with the anadromous lifestyle predisposes arctic char to PCB impact on hepatic metabolism including disruption of the adaptive metabolic responses to extended fasting. ?? 2006 Oxford University Press.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/toxsci/kfj154","issn":"10966080","usgsCitation":"Vijayan, M., Aluru, N., Maule, A., and Jorgensen, E., 2006, Fasting augments PCB impact on liver metabolism in anadromous Arctic Char: Toxicological Sciences, v. 91, no. 2, p. 431-439, https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfj154.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"439","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477365,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfj154","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210181,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfj154"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0efee4b0c8380cd536f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vijayan, M.M.","contributorId":33087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vijayan","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aluru, N.","contributorId":80454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aluru","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maule, A.G.","contributorId":45067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jorgensen, E.H.","contributorId":13782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"E.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028226,"text":"70028226 - 2006 - Nitrogen dynamics in sediment during water level manipulation on the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-29T01:01:57","indexId":"70028226","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen dynamics in sediment during water level manipulation on the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Nitrogen (N) has been linked to increasing eutrophication in the Gulf of Mexico and as a result there is increased interest in managing and improving water quality in the Mississippi River system. Water level reductions, or 'drawdowns', are being used more frequently in large river impoundments to improve vegetation growth and sediment compaction. We selected two areas of the Upper Mississippi River system (Navigation Pool 8 and Swan Lake) to examine the effects of water level drawdown on N dynamics. Navigation Pool 8 experienced summer drawdowns in 2001 and 2002. Certain areas of Swan Lake have been drawn down annually since the early 1970s where as other areas have remained inundated. In the 2002 Pool 8 study we determined the effects of sediment drying and rewetting resulting from water level drawdown on (1) patterns of sediment nitrification and denitrification and (2) concentrations of sediment and surface water total N (TN), nitrate, and ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>). In 2001, we only examined sediment NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and TN. In the Swan Lake study, we determined the long-term effects of water level drawdowns on concentrations of sediment NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and TN in sediments that dried annually and those that remained inundated. Sediment NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> decreased significantly in the Pool 8 studies during periods of desiccation, although there were no consistent trends in nitrification and denitrification or a reduction in total sediment N. Ammonium in sediments that have dried annually in Swan Lake appeared lower but was not significantly different from sediments that remain wet. The reduction in sediment NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> in parts of Pool 8 was likely a result of increased plant growth and N assimilation, which is then redeposited back to the sediment surface upon plant senescence. Similarly, the Swan Lake study suggested that drawdowns do not result in long term reduction in sediment N. Water level drawdowns may actually reduce water retention time and river-floodplain connectivity, while promoting significant accumulation of organic N. These results indicate that water level drawdowns are probably not an effective means of removing N from the Upper Mississippi River system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/rra.926","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Cavanaugh, J.C., Richardson, W.B., Strauss, E.A., and Bartsch, L., 2006, Nitrogen dynamics in sediment during water level manipulation on the Upper Mississippi River: River Research and Applications, v. 22, no. 6, p. 651-666, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.926.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"651","endPage":"666","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":210235,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.926"},{"id":237095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","volume":"22","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66d1e4b0c8380cd72feb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cavanaugh, Jennifer C.","contributorId":40560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cavanaugh","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strauss, Eric A.","contributorId":54395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strauss","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartsch, Lynn 0000-0002-1483-4845 lbartsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-4845","contributorId":3342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartsch","given":"Lynn","email":"lbartsch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028498,"text":"70028498 - 2006 - Step wise, multiple objective calibration of a hydrologic model for a snowmelt dominated basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028498","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Step wise, multiple objective calibration of a hydrologic model for a snowmelt dominated basin","docAbstract":"The ability to apply a hydrologic model to large numbers of basins for forecasting purposes requires a quick and effective calibration strategy. This paper presents a step wise, multiple objective, automated procedure for hydrologic model calibration. This procedure includes the sequential calibration of a model's simulation of solar radiation (SR), potential evapotranspiration (PET), water balance, and daily runoff. The procedure uses the Shuffled Complex Evolution global search algorithm to calibrate the U.S. Geological Survey's Precipitation Runoff Modeling System in the Yampa River basin of Colorado. This process assures that intermediate states of the model (SR and PET on a monthly mean basis), as well as the water balance and components of the daily hydrograph are simulated, consistently with measured values.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04501.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Hay, L., Leavesley, G., Clark, M., Markstrom, S., Viger, R., and Umemoto, M., 2006, Step wise, multiple objective calibration of a hydrologic model for a snowmelt dominated basin: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 42, no. 4, p. 877-890, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04501.x.","startPage":"877","endPage":"890","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477377,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04501.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210141,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04501.x"},{"id":236971,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b982de4b08c986b31be98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hay, L.E.","contributorId":54253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markstrom, S.L.","contributorId":76807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Viger, Roland J. 0000-0003-2520-714X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-714X","contributorId":80711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Umemoto, M.","contributorId":88549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Umemoto","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":418333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70028301,"text":"70028301 - 2006 - Assimilation of snow covered area information into hydrologic and land-surface models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:53","indexId":"70028301","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assimilation of snow covered area information into hydrologic and land-surface models","docAbstract":"This paper describes a data assimilation method that uses observations of snow covered area (SCA) to update hydrologic model states in a mountainous catchment in Colorado. The assimilation method uses SCA information as part of an ensemble Kalman filter to alter the sub-basin distribution of snow as well as the basin water balance. This method permits an optimal combination of model simulations and observations, as well as propagation of information across model states. Sensitivity experiments are conducted with a fairly simple snowpack/water-balance model to evaluate effects of the data assimilation scheme on simulations of streamflow. The assimilation of SCA information results in minor improvements in the accuracy of streamflow simulations near the end of the snowmelt season. The small effect from SCA assimilation is initially surprising. It can be explained both because a substantial portion of snowmelts before any bare ground is exposed, and because the transition from 100% to 0% snow coverage occurs fairly quickly. Both of these factors are basin-dependent. Satellite SCA information is expected to be most useful in basins where snow cover is ephemeral. The data assimilation strategy presented in this study improved the accuracy of the streamflow simulation, indicating that SCA is a useful source of independent information that can be used as part of an integrated data assimilation strategy. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Water Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.10.001","issn":"03091708","usgsCitation":"Clark, M., Slater, A., Barrett, A., Hay, L., McCabe, G., Rajagopalan, B., and Leavesley, G., 2006, Assimilation of snow covered area information into hydrologic and land-surface models: Advances in Water Resources, v. 29, no. 8, p. 1209-1221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.10.001.","startPage":"1209","endPage":"1221","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210291,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.10.001"},{"id":237169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee8ce4b0c8380cd49dfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, M.P.","contributorId":49558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"M.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slater, A.G.","contributorId":100601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slater","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrett, A.P.","contributorId":18564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrett","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, L.E.","contributorId":54253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rajagopalan, B.","contributorId":86947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rajagopalan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70179555,"text":"70179555 - 2006 - A survey of chemical constituents in National Fish Hatchery fish feed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T13:19:39","indexId":"70179555","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"A survey of chemical constituents in National Fish Hatchery fish feed","docAbstract":"<p>Recent studies have demonstrated that various fish feeds contain significant concentrations of contaminants, many of which can bioaccumulate and bioconcentrate in fish. It appears that numerous organochlorine (OC) contaminants are present in the fish oils and fish meals used in feed manufacture, and some researchers speculate that all fish feeds contain measurable levels of some contaminants. To determine the presence and concentration of contaminants in feeds used in National Fish Hatcheries managed by the U.S. Fish &amp; Wildlife Service, we systematically collected samples of feed from 11 hatcheries that raise cold-water species, and analyzed them for a suite of chemical contaminants. All of the samples (collected from October 2001 to October 2003) contained measurable concentrations of at least one dioxin, furan, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener, or dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) metabolite. All samples which were assayed for all contaminants contained one or more of those classes of compounds and most contained more than one; dioxin was detected in 39 of the 55 samples for which it was assayed, 24 of 55 contained furans and 24 of 55 samples contained DDT or its metabolites. There with 10- to 150-fold differences in the range in concentrations of the additive totals for PCBs, dioxins, furans and DDT. Although PCBs were the most commonly detected contaminant in our study (all samples in which it was assayed), the concentrations (range: 0.07 to 10.46 ng g·1 wet weight) were low compared to those reported previously. In general, we also found lower levels of organochlorine contaminants than have been reported previously in fish feed. Perhaps most notable is the near absence of OC pesticides~xcept for DDT (and its metabolites) and just two samples containing benzene hexachloride (Lindane). While contaminant concentrations were generally low, the ecological impacts can not be determined without a measure of the bioaccumulation of these compounds in the fish and the fate of these compounds after the fish are released from the hatcheries. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Maule, A.G., Gannam, A., and Davis, J., 2006, A survey of chemical constituents in National Fish Hatchery fish feed, 53 p. .","productDescription":"53 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332880,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332879,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/a-survey-of-chemical-constituents-in-national-fish-hatchery-fish-feed"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586e1836e4b0f5ce109fcb3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maule, Alec G. amaule@usgs.gov","contributorId":2606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"Alec","email":"amaule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gannam, Ann","contributorId":177988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gannam","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Jay","contributorId":150405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":12703,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030679,"text":"70030679 - 2006 - Perchlorate in pleistocene and holocene groundwater in North-Central New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T07:33:39","indexId":"70030679","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perchlorate in pleistocene and holocene groundwater in North-Central New Mexico","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Groundwater from remote parts of the Middle Rio Grande Basin in north-central New Mexico has perchlorate (ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>) concentrations of 0.12−1.8 μg/L. Because the water samples are mostly preanthropogenic in age (0−28 000 years) and there are no industrial sources in the study area, a natural source of the ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>is likely. Most of the samples have Br<sup>-</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations that are similar to those of modern bulk atmospheric deposition with evapotranspiration (ET) factors of about 7−40. Most of the ET values for Pleistocene recharge were nearly twice that for Holocene recharge. The NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios are more variable than those of Br<sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>or SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2</sup><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup>. Samples thought to have recharged under the most arid conditions in the Holocene have relatively high NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios and low δ<sup>15</sup>N values (+1 per mil (‰)) similar to those of modern bulk atmospheric N deposition. The δ<sup>18</sup>O values of the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(−4 to 0 ‰) indicate that atmospheric NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>was not transmitted directly to the groundwater but may have been cycled in the soils before infiltrating. Samples with nearly atmospheric NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios have relatively high ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>concentrations (1.0−1.8 μg/L) with a nearly constant ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>mole ratio of (1.4 ± 0.1) × 10<sup>-</sup><sup>4</sup>, which would be consistent with an average ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentration of 0.093 ± 0.005 μg/L in bulk atmospheric deposition during the late Holocene in north-central NM. Samples thought to have recharged under wetter conditions have higher δ<sup>15</sup>N values (+3 to +8 ‰), lower NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios, and lower ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>ratios than the ones most likely to preserve an atmospheric signal. Processes in the soils that may have depleted atmospherically derived NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>also may have depleted ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to varying degrees prior to recharge. If these interpretations are correct, then ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations of atmospheric origin as high as 4 μg/L are possible in preanthropogenic groundwater in parts of the Southwest where ET approaches a factor of 40. Higher ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations in uncontaminated groundwater could occur in recharge beneath arid areas where ET is greater than 40, where long-term accumulations of atmospheric salts are leached suddenly from dry soils, or where other (nonatmospheric) natural sources of ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>exist.</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es051739h","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Plummer, N., Böhlke, J., and Doughten, M., 2006, Perchlorate in pleistocene and holocene groundwater in North-Central New Mexico: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 40, no. 6, p. 1757-1763, https://doi.org/10.1021/es051739h.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1757","endPage":"1763","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212055,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es051739h"}],"volume":"40","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7672e4b0c8380cd78103","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doughten, M. W.","contributorId":101648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughten","given":"M. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030695,"text":"70030695 - 2006 - Acoustic stratigraphy of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: late Quaternary sedimentation patterns in a simple half-graben","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-16T09:00:24","indexId":"70030695","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acoustic stratigraphy of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: late Quaternary sedimentation patterns in a simple half-graben","docAbstract":"<p>A 277-km network of high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, supplemented with a sidescan-sonar mosaic of the lake floor, was collected in Bear Lake, Utah–Idaho, in order to explore the sedimentary framework of the lake's paleoclimate record. The acoustic stratigraphy is tied to a 120 m deep, continuously cored drill hole in the lake. Based on the age model for the drill core, the oldest continuously mapped acoustic reflector in the data set has an age of about 100 ka, although older sediments were locally imaged.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The acoustic stratigraphy of the sediments below the lake indicates that the basin developed primarily as a simple half-graben, with a steep normal-fault margin on the east and a flexural margin on the west. As expected for a basin controlled by a listric master fault, seismic reflections steepen and diverge toward the fault, bounding eastward-thickening sediment wedges. Secondary normal faults west of the master fault were imaged beneath the lake and many of these faults show progressively increasing offset with depth and age. Several faults cut the youngest sediments in the lake as well as the modern lake floor. The relative simplicity of the sedimentary sequence is interrupted in the northwestern part of the basin by a unit that is interpreted as a large (4 × 10 km) paleodelta of the Bear River. The delta overlies a horizon with an age of about 97 ka, outcrops at the lake floor and is onlapped by much of the uppermost sequence of lake sediments. A feature interpreted as a wave-cut bench occurs in many places on the western side of the lake. The base of this bench occurs at a depth (22–24 m) similar to that (20–25 m) of the distal surface of the paleodelta.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Pinch-outs of sedimentary units are common in relatively shallow water on the gentle western margin of the basin and little Holocene sediment has accumulated in water depths of less than 30 m. On the steep eastern margin of the basin, sediments commonly onlap the hanging wall of the East Bear Lake Fault. However, no major erosional or depositional features suggestive of shoreline processes were observed on acoustic profiles in water deeper than about 20–25 m.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.022","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., 2006, Acoustic stratigraphy of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho: late Quaternary sedimentation patterns in a simple half-graben: Sedimentary Geology, v. 185, no. 1-2, p. 113-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.022.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239116,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211764,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.11.022"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bear Lake","volume":"185","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6a0e4b0c8380cd47545","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":428242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}