Water availability on the continents is important for human health, economic activity, ecosystem function and geophysical processes. Because the saturation vapour pressure of water in air is highly sensitive to temperature, perturbations in the global water cycle are expected to accompany climate warming. Regional patterns of warming-induced changes in surface hydroclimate are complex and less certain than those in temperature, however, with both regional increases and decreases expected in precipitation and runoff. Here we show that an ensemble of 12 climate models exhibits qualitative and statistically significant skill in simulating observed regional patterns of twentieth-century multidecadal changes in streamflow. These models project 10–40% increases in runoff in eastern equatorial Africa, the La Plata basin and high-latitude North America and Eurasia, and 10–30% decreases in runoff in southern Africa, southern Europe, the Middle East and mid-latitude western North America by the year 2050. Such changes in sustainable water availability would have considerable regional-scale consequences for economies as well as ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature04312","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Milly, P., Dunne, K., and Vecchia, A.V., 2005, Global pattern of trends in streamflow and water availability in a changing climate: Nature, v. 438, no. 7066, p. 347-350, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04312.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"350","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":210925,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04312"},{"id":238005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"438","issue":"7066","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2953e4b0c8380cd5a870","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milly, P. C. D.","contributorId":100489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"P. C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunne, K.A.","contributorId":18920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunne","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vecchia, A. V.","contributorId":23533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027588,"text":"70027588 - 2005 - Seasonal seismicity at western United States volcanic centers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-02T09:32:06","indexId":"70027588","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal seismicity at western United States volcanic centers","docAbstract":"We examine 20-yr data sets of seismic activity from 10 volcanic areas in the western United States for annual periodic signals (seasonality), focusing on large calderas (Long Valley caldera and Yellowstone) and stratovolcanoes (Cascade Range). We apply several statistical methods to test for seasonality in the seismic catalogs. In 4 of the 10 regions, statistically significant seasonal modulation of seismicity (> 90% probability) occurs, such that there is an increase in the monthly seismicity during a given portion of the year. In five regions, seasonal seismicity is significant in the upper 3 km of the crust. Peak seismicity occurs in the summer and autumn in Mt. St. Helens, Hebgen Lake/Madison Valley, Yellowstone Lake, and Mammoth Mountain. In the eastern south moat of Long Valley caldera (LVC) peak seismicity occurs in the winter and spring. We quantify the possible external forcing mechanisms that could modulate seasonal seismicity. Both snow unloading and groundwater recharge can generate large stress changes of > 5 kPa at seismogenic depths and may thus contribute to seasonality. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.012","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Christiansen, L., Hurwitz, S., Saar, M., Ingebritsen, S.E., and Hsieh, P.A., 2005, Seasonal seismicity at western United States volcanic centers: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 240, no. 2, p. 307-321, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.012.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"321","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"240","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88d7e4b08c986b316bc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christiansen, L.B.","contributorId":37952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hurwitz, S.","contributorId":61110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saar, M.O.","contributorId":26506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saar","given":"M.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hsieh, P. A.","contributorId":40596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":74343,"text":"ofr20051017 - 2005 - Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study: Examining the Impact of Urbanization on Seafloor Habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:36","indexId":"ofr20051017","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1017","title":"Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study: Examining the Impact of Urbanization on Seafloor Habitats","docAbstract":"Seafloor habitats, such as seagrass beds, provide essential habitat for fish and marine mammals. For many years, the study of seagrass vitality has been a priority for scientists and resource managers working in Tampa Bay. Seafloor habitats are extremely sensitive to changes in water quality. Like a canary in a coal mine, seagrass can serve as an ecological indicator of estuary health. Between the 1940s and the 1970s, seagrass gradually died in Tampa Bay. This loss has been attributed to a rise in urbanization and an increase in nutrient loading into the bay. Better treatment of industrial wastewater and runoff beginning in the 1980s resulted in the continuous recovery of seagrass beds. However, in the mid-1990s, the recovery began to level off in areas where good water quality was expected to support continued seagrass recovery, demonstrating\r\nthat nutrient loading may be only one factor impacting seagrass health. Researchers now are trying to determine what might be affecting the recovery of seagrass in these areas. Currently, little is understood about the effects that other aspects of urbanization and natural change, such as groundwater and sediment quality, might have on seagrass vitality. This segment of the Tampa Bay integrated science study is intended to identify, quantify, and develop models that illustrate the impact that urbanization may have on seafloor habitat distribution, health, and restoration.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051017","usgsCitation":"Yates, K., 2005, Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study: Examining the Impact of Urbanization on Seafloor Habitats: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1017, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051017.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193249,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11812,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dl.cr.usgs.gov/net_prod_download/public/gom_net_pub_products/DOC/OFR_2005-1017_Yates_ecosys.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.83333333333333,27.5 ], [ -82.83333333333333,28 ], [ -82.33333333333333,28 ], [ -82.33333333333333,27.5 ], [ -82.83333333333333,27.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a279","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yates, Kimberly","contributorId":70427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"Kimberly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027781,"text":"70027781 - 2005 - Part 2: A field study of enhanced remediation of Toluene in the vadose zone using a nutrient solution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T09:35:49","indexId":"70027781","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Part 2: A field study of enhanced remediation of Toluene in the vadose zone using a nutrient solution","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of a nitrate-rich nutrient solution and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to enhance in-situ microbial remediation of toluene in the unsaturated zone. Three sand-filled plots were tested in three phases (each phase lasting approximately 2 weeks). During the control phase, toluene was applied uniformly via sprinkler irrigation. Passive remediation was allowed to occur during this phase. A modified Hoagland nutrient solution, concentrated in 150 L of water, was tested during the second phase. The final phase involved addition of 230 moles of H2O2 in 150 L of water to increase the available oxygen needed for aerobic biodegradation.
During the first phase, measured toluene concentrations in soil gas were reduced from 120 ppm to 25 ppm in 14 days. After the addition of nutrients during the second phase, concentrations were reduced from 90 ppm to about 8 ppm within 14 days, and for the third phase (H2O2), toluene concentrations were about 1 ppm after only 5 days. Initial results suggest that this method could be an effective means of remediating a contaminated site, directly after a BTEX spill, without the intrusiveness and high cost of other abatement technologies such as bioventing or soil-vapor extraction. However, further tests need to be completed to determine the effect of each of the BTEX components.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-005-3584-4","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Tindall, J., Weeks, E., and Friedel, M., 2005, Part 2: A field study of enhanced remediation of Toluene in the vadose zone using a nutrient solution: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 168, no. 1-4, p. 359-389, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-005-3584-4.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"359","endPage":"389","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211203,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-005-3584-4"}],"volume":"168","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7518e4b0c8380cd779b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tindall, J.A.","contributorId":25711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tindall","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weeks, E.P.","contributorId":38514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedel, M.","contributorId":60846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027589,"text":"70027589 - 2005 - Eco-informatics for decision makers advancing a research agenda","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-13T10:12:22","indexId":"70027589","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Eco-informatics for decision makers advancing a research agenda","docAbstract":"Resource managers often face significant information technology (IT) problems when integrating ecological or environmental information to make decisions. At a workshop sponsored by the NSF and USGS in December 2004, university researchers, natural resource managers, and information managers met to articulate IT problems facing ecology and environmental decision makers. Decision making IT problems were identified in five areas: 1) policy, 2) data presentation, 3) data gaps, 4) tools, and 5) indicators. To alleviate those problems, workshop participants recommended specific informatics research in modeling and simulation, data quality, information integration and ontologies, and social and human aspects. This paper reports the workshop findings, and briefly compares these with research that traditionally falls under the emerging eco-informatics rubric. ?? Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.","largerWorkTitle":"Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics (Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science)","conferenceTitle":"Second International Workshop on Data Integration in the Life Sciences, DILS 2005","conferenceDate":"20 July 2005 through 22 July 2005","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","issn":"03029743","usgsCitation":"Cushing, J., Wilson, T., Brandt, L., Gregg, V., Spengler, S., Borning, A., Delcambre, L., Bowker, G., Frame, M., Fulop, J., Hert, C., Hovy, E., Jones, J., Landis, E., Schnase, J., Schweik, C., and Sonntag, W., 2005, Eco-informatics for decision makers advancing a research agenda, in Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics (Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science), v. 3615, San Diego, CA, 20 July 2005 through 22 July 2005, p. 325-334.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"325","endPage":"334","costCenters":[{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3615","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a053be4b0c8380cd50cf7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ludascher B.Raschid L.","contributorId":128418,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Ludascher B.Raschid L.","id":536624,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Cushing, J.B.","contributorId":52382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cushing","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, T.","contributorId":49581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brandt, L.","contributorId":24548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gregg, V.","contributorId":28421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spengler, S.","contributorId":93259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spengler","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Borning, A.","contributorId":88545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borning","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Delcambre, L.","contributorId":42011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delcambre","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bowker, G.","contributorId":107482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Frame, Mike 0000-0001-9995-2172 mike_frame@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9995-2172","contributorId":4541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frame","given":"Mike","email":"mike_frame@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":414256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fulop, J.","contributorId":9836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulop","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hert, C.","contributorId":59227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hert","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hovy, E.","contributorId":104269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hovy","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Jones, J.","contributorId":102256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Landis, E.","contributorId":92846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Schnase, J.L.","contributorId":62184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnase","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Schweik, C.","contributorId":26126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schweik","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Sonntag, W.","contributorId":65272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonntag","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70027591,"text":"70027591 - 2005 - Thermal regulation of methane hydrate dissociation: Implications for gas production models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-07T14:47:11.968377","indexId":"70027591","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1513,"text":"Energy and Fuels","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal regulation of methane hydrate dissociation: Implications for gas production models","docAbstract":"Thermal self-regulation of methane hydrate dissociation at pressure, temperature conditions along phase boundaries, illustrated by experiment in this report, is a significant effect with potential relevance to gas production from gas hydrate. In surroundings maintained at temperatures above the ice melting point, the temperature in the vicinity of dissociating methane hydrate will decrease because heat flow is insufficient to balance the heat absorbed by the endothermic reaction: CH4·nH2O (s) = CH4 (g) + nH2O (l). Temperature decreases until either all of the hydrate dissociates or a phase boundary is reached. At pressures above the quadruple point, the temperature-limiting phase boundary is that of the dissociation reaction itself. At lower pressures, the minimum temperature is limited by the H2O solid/liquid boundary. This change in the temperature-limiting phase boundary constrains the pressure, temperature conditions of the quadruple point for the CH4−H2O system to 2.55 ± 0.02 MPa and 272.85 ± 0.03 K. At pressures below the quadruple point, hydrate dissociation proceeds as the liquid H2O produced by dissociation freezes. In the laboratory experiments, dissociation is not impeded by the formation of ice byproduct per se; instead rates are proportional to the heat flow from the surroundings. This is in contrast to the extremely slow dissociation rates observed when surrounding temperatures are below the H2O solid/liquid boundary, where no liquid water is present. This “anomalous” or “self” preservation behavior, most pronounced near 268 K, cannot be accessed when surrounding temperatures are above the H2O solid/liquid boundary.
Back to the Basics: Birmingham, Alabama is the fourth in a series of workshops that focus on teaching foundational map reading and spatial differentiation skills. It is the second published exercise from the Back to the Basics series developed by the Wetland Education through Maps and Aerial Photography (WETMAAP) Program (see Journal of Geography 103, 5: 226-230). Like its predecessor, the current exercise is modified from the Birmingham Back to the Basics workshop offered during the annual National Council for Geographic Education meeting. The focus of this exercise is on scale and measurement, foundational skills for spatial thinking and analysis.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/00221340508978988","issn":"00221341","usgsCitation":"Handley, L.R., Lockwood, C.M., and Handley, N., 2005, Back to the basics: Birmingham, Alabama, measurement and scale: Journal of Geography, v. 104, no. 5, p. 225-230, https://doi.org/10.1080/00221340508978988.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"230","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236937,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","city":"Birmingham","volume":"104","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ef8ce4b0c8380cd4a2f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Handley, Lawrence R. handleyl@usgs.gov","contributorId":3459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handley","given":"Lawrence","email":"handleyl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":415991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockwood, Catherine M.","contributorId":211563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lockwood","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Handley, Nathan","contributorId":211564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Handley","given":"Nathan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027607,"text":"70027607 - 2005 - Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027607","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings","docAbstract":"A number of factors affect the transport of dissolved and paniculate mercury (Hg) from inoperative Hg mines, including the presence of organic acids in the rooting zone of vegetated mine waste. We examined the role of the two most common organic acids in soils (oxalic and citric acid) on Hg transport from such waste by pumping a mixed organic acid solution (pH 5.7) at 1 mL/min through Hg mine tailings columns. For the two total organic acid concentrations investigated (20 ??M and 1 mM), particle-associated Hg was mobilized, with the onset of paniculate Hg transport occurring later for the lower organic acid concentration. Chemical analyses of column effluent indicate that 98 wt % of Hg mobilized from the column was paniculate. Hg speciation was determined using extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, showing that HgS minerals are dominant in the mobilized particles. Hg adsorbed to colloids is another likely mode of transport due to the abundance of Fe-(oxyhydr)oxides, Fe-sulfides, alunite, and jarosite in the tailings to which Hg(II) adsorbs. Organic acids produced by plants are likely to enhance the transport of colloid-associated Hg from vegetated Hg mine tailings by dissolving cements to enable colloid release. ?? 2005 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es0504643","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Slowey, A., Johnson, S., Rytuba, J.J., and Brown, G.E., 2005, Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 39, no. 20, p. 7869-7874, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0504643.","startPage":"7869","endPage":"7874","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210883,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0504643"},{"id":237951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae63e4b0c8380cd870b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slowey, A.J.","contributorId":9445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slowey","given":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, S.B.","contributorId":80894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rytuba, J. J.","contributorId":83082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Gordon E. Jr.","contributorId":10166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Gordon","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027976,"text":"70027976 - 2005 - A comprehensive study on urban true orthorectification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70027976","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comprehensive study on urban true orthorectification","docAbstract":"To provide some advanced technical bases (algorithms and procedures) and experience needed for national large-scale digital orthophoto generation and revision of the Standards for National Large-Scale City Digital Orthophoto in the National Digital Orthophoto Program (NDOP), this paper presents a comprehensive study on theories, algorithms, and methods of large-scale urban orthoimage generation. The procedures of orthorectification for digital terrain model (DTM)-based and digital building model (DBM)-based orthoimage generation and their mergence for true orthoimage generation are discussed in detail. A method of compensating for building occlusions using photogrammetric geometry is developed. The data structure needed to model urban buildings for accurately generating urban orthoimages is presented. Shadow detection and removal, the optimization of seamline for automatic mosaic, and the radiometric balance of neighbor images are discussed. Street visibility analysis, including the relationship between flight height, building height, street width, and relative location of the street to the imaging center, is analyzed for complete true orthoimage generation. The experimental results demonstrated that our method can effectively and correctly orthorectify the displacements caused by terrain and buildings in urban large-scale aerial images. ?? 2005 IEEE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2005.848417","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Zhou, G., Chen, W., Kelmelis, J., and Zhang, D., 2005, A comprehensive study on urban true orthorectification: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 43, no. 9, p. 2138-2147, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2005.848417.","startPage":"2138","endPage":"2147","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210113,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2005.848417"},{"id":236936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e385e4b0c8380cd460a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, G.","contributorId":12604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, W.","contributorId":31165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelmelis, J.A.","contributorId":14171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelmelis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Dongxiao","contributorId":26409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Dongxiao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027608,"text":"70027608 - 2005 - A comparison of hydrographically and optically derived mixed layer depths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027608","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of hydrographically and optically derived mixed layer depths","docAbstract":"Efforts to understand and model the dynamics of the upper ocean would be significantly advanced given the ability to rapidly determine mixed layer depths (MLDs) over large regions. Remote sensing technologies are an ideal choice for achieving this goal. This study addresses the feasibility of estimating MLDs from optical properties. These properties are strongly influenced by suspended particle concentrations, which generally reach a maximum at pycnoclines. The premise therefore is to use a gradient in beam attenuation at 660 nm (c660) as a proxy for the depth of a particle-scattering layer. Using a global data set collected during World Ocean Circulation Experiment cruises from 1988-1997, six algorithms were employed to compute MLDs from either density or temperature profiles. Given the absence of published optically based MLD algorithms, two new methods were developed that use c660 profiles to estimate the MLD. Intercomparison of the six hydrographically based algorithms revealed some significant disparities among the resulting MLD values. Comparisons between the hydrographical and optical approaches indicated a first-order agreement between the MLDs based on the depths of gradient maxima for density and c660. When comparing various hydrographically based algorithms, other investigators reported that inherent fluctuations of the mixed layer depth limit the accuracy of its determination to 20 m. Using this benchmark, we found a ???70% agreement between the best hydrographical-optical algorithm pairings. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2004JC002417","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Zawada, D., Zaneveld, J., Boss, E., Gardner, W., Richardson, M., and Mishonov, A., 2005, A comparison of hydrographically and optically derived mixed layer depths: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 110, no. 11, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002417.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477957,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jc002417","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":210906,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JC002417"},{"id":237986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e35be4b0c8380cd45fca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zawada, D.G.","contributorId":8938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zaneveld, J.R.V.","contributorId":22137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaneveld","given":"J.R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boss, E.","contributorId":59544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boss","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardner, W.D.","contributorId":35880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Richardson, M.J.","contributorId":30763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mishonov, A.V.","contributorId":101868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mishonov","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70027715,"text":"70027715 - 2005 - Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027715","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"The hydrodynamics in the Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) plays a significant role in the water quality conditions of the lake. In order to provide a quantitative evaluation of the impacts of hydrodynamics on water quality in UKL, a detailed hydrodynamic model was implemented using an unstructured grid 3-D hydrodynamic model known as the UnTRIM model. The circulation in UKL is driven primarily by wind. Wind speed and direction time-series records were used as input, the numerical model reproduced the wind \"set-up\" and \"set-down\" at down wind and upwind ends of the lake, respectively. Of the two acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) records, the UnTRIM model reproduced the measured velocity at the deep station. At the shallow station, the model results showed diurnal patterns that correlated well with wind variations, but the measured velocity showed water velocity sustained at 3 to 5 cm/sec or above. Discrepancies between the model results and observations at the shallow ADCP station is discussed on the basis of correct physics. If the field measurements are inconsistent with the known physics, there exists the possibility that the field data are suspect or the field data are revealing some physical processes that are not yet understood. Copyright ASCE 2005.","largerWorkTitle":"World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceTitle":"2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress","conferenceDate":"15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40792(173)426","isbn":"0784407924; 9780784407929","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., Gartner, J.W., and Wood, T., 2005, Modeling and model validation of wind-driven circulation in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, in World Water Congress 2005: Impacts of Global Climate Change - Proceedings of the 2005 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Anchorage, AK, 15 May 2005 through 19 May 2005, https://doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)426.","startPage":"426","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":210913,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)426"},{"id":237993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bd8e4b0c8380cd6f848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, T.","contributorId":31194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027328,"text":"70027328 - 2005 - Predicting mining activity with parallel genetic algorithms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70027328","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Predicting mining activity with parallel genetic algorithms","docAbstract":"We explore several different techniques in our quest to improve the overall model performance of a genetic algorithm calibrated probabilistic cellular automata. We use the Kappa statistic to measure correlation between ground truth data and data predicted by the model. Within the genetic algorithm, we introduce a new evaluation function sensitive to spatial correctness and we explore the idea of evolving different rule parameters for different subregions of the land. We reduce the time required to run a simulation from 6 hours to 10 minutes by parallelizing the code and employing a 10-node cluster. Our empirical results suggest that using the spatially sensitive evaluation function does indeed improve the performance of the model and our preliminary results also show that evolving different rule parameters for different regions tends to improve overall model performance. Copyright 2005 ACM.","largerWorkTitle":"GECCO 2005 - Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","conferenceTitle":"GECCO 2005 - Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","conferenceDate":"25 June 2005 through 29 June 2005","conferenceLocation":"Washington, D.C.","language":"English","doi":"10.1145/1068009.1068363","isbn":"1595930108","usgsCitation":"Talaie, S., Leigh, R., Louis, S., and Raines, G.L., 2005, Predicting mining activity with parallel genetic algorithms, in GECCO 2005 - Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, Washington, D.C., 25 June 2005 through 29 June 2005, p. 2149-2155, https://doi.org/10.1145/1068009.1068363.","startPage":"2149","endPage":"2155","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477874,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.324.2553","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209182,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1068009.1068363"},{"id":235423,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81bde4b0c8380cd7b6de","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Beyer, H.G.","contributorId":112092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"H.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508881,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Reilly, U.M.","contributorId":113368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Reilly","given":"U.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508885,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Banzhaf, Arnold D.","contributorId":113112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banzhaf","given":"Arnold","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508884,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blum, W.","contributorId":112475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508882,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonabeau, C.","contributorId":113502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonabeau","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508886,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cantu-Paz, E.W.","contributorId":113017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cantu-Paz","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508883,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"E.Dasgupta","contributorId":128337,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"E.Dasgupta","id":536611,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7},{"text":"and others","contributorId":128318,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":536610,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":8}],"authors":[{"text":"Talaie, S.","contributorId":37517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talaie","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leigh, R.","contributorId":22949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leigh","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Louis, S.J.","contributorId":43534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Louis","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raines, G. L.","contributorId":90720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"G.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027558,"text":"70027558 - 2005 - The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70027558","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management","docAbstract":"The increasing complexity of water- and environmental-resource problems require modeling approaches that incorporate knowledge from a broad range of scientific and software disciplines. To address this need, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed the Modular Modeling System (MMS). MMS is an integrated system of computer software for model development, integration, and application. Its modular design allows a high level of flexibility and adaptability to enable modelers to incorporate their own software into a rich array of built-in models and modeling tools. These include individual process models, tightly coupled models, loosely coupled models, and fully- integrated decision support systems. A geographic information system (GIS) interface, the USGS GIS Weasel, has been integrated with MMS to enable spatial delineation and characterization of basin and ecosystem features, and to provide objective parameter-estimation methods for models using available digital data. MMS provides optimization and sensitivity-analysis tools to analyze model parameters and evaluate the extent to which uncertainty in model parameters affects uncertainty in simulation results. MMS has been coupled with the Bureau of Reclamation object-oriented reservoir and river-system modeling framework, RiverWare, to develop models to evaluate and apply optimal resource-allocation and management strategies to complex, operational decisions on multipurpose reservoir systems and watersheds. This decision support system approach has been developed, tested, and implemented in the Gunnison, Yakima, San Joaquin, Rio Grande, and Truckee River basins of the western United States. MMS is currently being coupled with the U.S. Forest Service model SIMulating Patterns and Processes at Landscape Scales (SIMPPLLE) to assess the effects of alternative vegetation-management strategies on a variety of hydrological and ecological responses. Initial development and testing of the MMS-SIMPPLLE integration is being conducted on the Colorado Plateau region of the western United Sates.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceTitle":"2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceDate":"19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005","conferenceLocation":"Williamsburg, VA","language":"English","isbn":"0784407630","usgsCitation":"Leavesley, G., Markstrom, S., Viger, R., and Hay, L., 2005, The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management, in Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges, Williamsburg, VA, 19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005, p. 435-436.","startPage":"435","endPage":"436","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba7fae4b08c986b32191d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Moglen G.E.","contributorId":128404,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Moglen G.E.","id":536617,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markstrom, S.L.","contributorId":76807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Viger, Roland J. 0000-0003-2520-714X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-714X","contributorId":80711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, L.E.","contributorId":54253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027630,"text":"70027630 - 2005 - Models of lithosphere and asthenosphere anisotropic structure of the Yellowstone hot spot from shear wave splitting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-14T11:18:36","indexId":"70027630","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Models of lithosphere and asthenosphere anisotropic structure of the Yellowstone hot spot from shear wave splitting","docAbstract":"Teleseismic shear wave splitting measured at 56 continuous and temporary seismographs deployed in a 500 km by 600 km area around the Yellowstone hot spot indicates that fast anisotropy in the mantle is parallel to the direction of plate motion under most of the array. The average split time from all stations of 0.9 s is typical of continental stations. There is little evidence for plume-induced radial strain, suggesting that any contribution of gravitationally spreading plume material is undetectably small with respect to the plate motion velocity. Two stations within Yellowstone have splitting measurements indicating the apparent fast anisotropy direction (ϕ) is nearly perpendicular to plate motion. These stations are ∼30 km from stations with ϕ parallel to plate motion. The 70° rotation over 30 km suggests a shallow source of anisotropy; however, split times for these stations are more than 2 s. We suggest melt-filled, stress-oriented cracks in the lithosphere are responsible for the anomalous ϕ orientations within Yellowstone. Stations southeast of Yellowstone have measurements of ϕ oriented NNW to WNW at high angles to the plate motion direction. The Archean lithosphere beneath these stations may have significant anisotropy capable of producing the observed splitting.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/2004JB003501","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Waite, G.P., Schutt, D., and Smith, R.B., 2005, Models of lithosphere and asthenosphere anisotropic structure of the Yellowstone hot spot from shear wave splitting: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 110, no. 11, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003501.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jb003501","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone","volume":"110","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c7fe4b0c8380cd6fd40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, Gregory P.","contributorId":146613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waite","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":414461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schutt, D.L.","contributorId":47159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schutt","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Robert B.","contributorId":90824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027879,"text":"70027879 - 2005 - Structure and variability of the Western Maine Coastal Current","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T13:18:09","indexId":"70027879","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structure and variability of the Western Maine Coastal Current","docAbstract":"Analyses of CTD and moored current meter data from 1998 and 2000 reveal a number of mechanisms influencing the flow along the western coast of Maine. On occasions, the Eastern Maine Coastal Current extends into the western Gulf of Maine where it takes the form of a deep (order 100 m deep) and broad (order 20 km wide) southwestward flow with geostrophic velocities exceeding 20 cm s -1. This is not a coastally trapped flow, however. In fields of geostrophic velocity, computed from shipboard-CTD data, the core of this current is roughly centered at the 100 m isobath and its onshore edge is no closer than 10 km from the coast. Geostrophic velocity fields also reveal a relatively shallow (order 10 m deep) baroclinic flow adjacent to the coast. This flow is also directed to the southwest and appears to be principally comprised of local river discharge. Analyses of moored current meter data reveal wind-driven modulations of the coastal flow that are consistent with expectations from simple theoretical models. However, a large fraction of the near-shore current variance does not appear to be directly related to wind forcing. Sea-surface temperature imagery, combined with analysis of the moored current meter data, suggests that eddies and meanders within the coastal flow may at times dominate the near-shore current variance. ?? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.06.019","issn":"09670645","usgsCitation":"Churchill, J., Pettigrew, N., and Signell, R.P., 2005, Structure and variability of the Western Maine Coastal Current: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 52, no. 19-21, p. 2392-2410, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.06.019.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2392","endPage":"2410","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.070556640625,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -66.5771484375,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -66.5771484375,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -71.070556640625,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -71.070556640625,\n 43.068887774169625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"19-21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9c36e4b08c986b31d321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Churchill, J.H.","contributorId":46687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Churchill","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pettigrew, N.R.","contributorId":79285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pettigrew","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Signell, R. P.","contributorId":89147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027631,"text":"70027631 - 2005 - Volcán Popocatépetl, Mexico. Petrology, magma mixing, and immediate sources of volatiles for the 1994- Present eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T15:07:26","indexId":"70027631","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcán Popocatépetl, Mexico. Petrology, magma mixing, and immediate sources of volatiles for the 1994- Present eruption","docAbstract":"Volcán Popocatépetl has been the site of voluminous degassing accompanied by minor eruptive activity from late 1994 until the time of writing (August 2002). This contribution presents petrological investigations of magma erupted in 1997 and 1998, including major-element and volatile (S, Cl, F, and H2O) data from glass inclusions and matrix glasses. Magma erupted from Popocatépetl is a mixture of dacite (65 wt % SiO2, two-pyroxenes + plagioclase + Fe–Ti oxides + apatite, ∼3 wt % H2O, P = 1·5 kbar, fO2 = ΔNNO + 0·5 log units) and basaltic andesite (53 wt % SiO2, olivine + two-pyroxenes, ∼3 wt % H2O, P = 1–4 kbar). Magma mixed at 4–6 km depth in proportions between 45:55 and 85:15 wt % silicic:mafic magma. The pre-eruptive volatile content of the basaltic andesite is 1980 ppm S, 1060 ppm Cl, 950 ppm F, and 3·3 wt % H2O. The pre-eruptive volatile content of the dacite is 130 ± 50 ppm S, 880 ± 70 ppm Cl, 570 ± 100 ppm F, and 2·9 ± 0·2 wt % H2O. Degassing from 0·031 km3 of erupted magma accounts for only 0·7 wt % of the observed SO2 emission. Circulation of magma in the volcanic conduit in the presence of a modest bubble phase is a possible mechanism to explain the high rates of degassing and limited magma production at Popocatépetl.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Journals","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egi058","issn":"00223530","usgsCitation":"Witter, J., Kress, V., and Newhall, C.G., 2005, Volcán Popocatépetl, Mexico. Petrology, magma mixing, and immediate sources of volatiles for the 1994- Present eruption: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, no. 11, p. 2337-2366, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi058.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"2337","endPage":"2366","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477961,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi058","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211169,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi058"}],"volume":"46","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc2d1e4b08c986b32ada9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witter, J.B.","contributorId":29610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kress, V.C.","contributorId":53157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kress","given":"V.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Newhall, C. G.","contributorId":93056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newhall","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70031714,"text":"70031714 - 2005 - Contemporaneous trachyandesitic and calc-alkaline volcanism of the Huerto Andesite, San Juan Volcanic Field, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-17T19:39:32.254865","indexId":"70031714","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contemporaneous trachyandesitic and calc-alkaline volcanism of the Huerto Andesite, San Juan Volcanic Field, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Locally, voluminous andesitic volcanism both preceded and followed large eruptions of silicic ash-flow tuff from many calderas in the San Juan volcanic field. The most voluminous post-collapse lava suite of the central San Juan caldera cluster is the 28 Ma Huerto Andesite, a diverse assemblage erupted from at least 5–6 volcanic centres that were active around the southern margins of the La Garita caldera shortly after eruption of the Fish Canyon Tuff. These andesitic centres are inferred, in part, to represent eruptions of magma that ponded and differentiated within the crust below the La Garita caldera, thereby providing the thermal energy necessary for rejuvenation and remobilization of the Fish Canyon magma body. The multiple Huerto eruptive centres produced two magmatic series that differ in phenocryst mineralogy (hydrous vs anhydrous assemblages), whole-rock major and trace element chemistry and isotopic compositions. Hornblende-bearing lavas from three volcanic centres located close to the southeastern margin of the La Garita caldera (Eagle Mountain–Fourmile Creek, West Fork of the San Juan River, Table Mountain) define a high-K calc-alkaline series (57–65 wt % SiO2) that is oxidized, hydrous and sulphur rich. Trachyandesitic lavas from widely separated centres at Baldy Mountain–Red Lake (western margin), Sugarloaf Mountain (southern margin) and Ribbon Mesa (20 km east of the La Garita caldera) are mutually indistinguishable (55–61 wt % SiO2); they are characterized by higher and more variable concentrations of alkalis and many incompatible trace elements (e.g. Zr, Nb, heavy rare earth elements), and they contain anhydrous phenocryst assemblages (including olivine). These mildly alkaline magmas were less water rich and oxidized than the hornblende-bearing calc-alkaline suite. The same distinctions characterize the voluminous precaldera andesitic lavas of the Conejos Formation, indicating that these contrasting suites are long-term manifestations of San Juan volcanism. The favoured model for their origin involves contrasting ascent paths and differentiation histories through crustal columns with different thermal and density gradients. Magmas ascending into the main focus of the La Garita caldera were impeded, and they evolved at greater depths, retaining more of their primary volatile load. This model is supported by systematic differences in isotopic compositions suggestive of crust–magma interactions with contrasting lithologies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egi003","usgsCitation":"Parat, F., Dungan, M., and Lipman, P.W., 2005, Contemporaneous trachyandesitic and calc-alkaline volcanism of the Huerto Andesite, San Juan Volcanic Field, Colorado, USA: Journal of Petrology, v. 46, no. 5, p. 859-891, https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi003.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"859","endPage":"891","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477856,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239773,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan volcanic field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.81749343872069,\n 37.87647939392142\n ],\n [\n -106.72033309936523,\n 37.87647939392142\n ],\n [\n -106.72033309936523,\n 37.9202324180525\n ],\n [\n -106.81749343872069,\n 37.9202324180525\n ],\n [\n -106.81749343872069,\n 37.87647939392142\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa4be4b0c8380cd4da15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parat, F.","contributorId":72203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parat","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dungan, M.A.","contributorId":36304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dungan","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015301,"text":"1015301 - 2005 - Delayed effects of flood control on a flood-dependent riparian forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-30T10:26:51","indexId":"1015301","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delayed effects of flood control on a flood-dependent riparian forest","docAbstract":"The downstream effects of dams on riparian forests are strongly mediated by the character and magnitude of adjustment of the fluvial–geomorphic system. To examine the effects of flow regulation on sand-bed streams in eastern Colorado, we studied the riparian forest on three river segments, the dam-regulated South Fork Republican River downstream of Bonny Dam, the unregulated South Fork Republican River upstream of Bonny Dam, and the unregulated Arikaree River. Although Bonny Dam significantly reduced peak and mean discharge downstream since 1951, there was little difference in forest structure between the regulated and unregulated segments. On all river segments, the riparian forest was dominated by the native pioneer tree, Populus deltoides, which became established during a period of channel narrowing beginning after the 1935 flood of record and ending by 1965. The nonnative Elaeagnus angustifolia was present on all river segments, with recruitment ongoing. The lack of contrast in forest structure between regulated and unregulated reaches resulted primarily from the fact that no large floods occurred on any of the study segments since dam construction. Most of the riparian forest in the study area was located on the broad narrowing terrace, which was rarely inundated on the unregulated segments, resulting in little contrast with the regulated segment. A minor dam effect occurred on the small modern floodplain, which was actively disturbed on the unregulated segments, but not on the regulated segments. Although Bonny Dam had the potential to significantly influence downstream riparian ecosystems, this influence had not been expressed, and may never be if a large flood does not occur within the lifetime of the dam. Minor dam effects to riparian systems can be expected downstream of large dams in some settings, including the present example in which there was insufficient time for the dam effects to by fully expressed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/04-0076","usgsCitation":"Katz, G.L., Friedman, J.M., and Beatty, S.W., 2005, Delayed effects of flood control on a flood-dependent riparian forest: Ecological Applications, v. 15, no. 3, p. 1019-1035, https://doi.org/10.1890/04-0076.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1019","endPage":"1035","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f751c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katz, Gabrielle L.","contributorId":194352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Katz","given":"Gabrielle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-1329-0663 friedmanj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-0663","contributorId":2473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Jonathan","email":"friedmanj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beatty, Susan W.","contributorId":70530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beatty","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027712,"text":"70027712 - 2005 - Distribution and abundance of nonnative fishes in streams of the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:50","indexId":"70027712","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of nonnative fishes in streams of the western United States","docAbstract":"This report presents data from one of the largest standardized stream surveys conducted in he western United States, which shows that one of every four individual fish in streams of 12 western states are nonnative. The states surveyed included Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. The most widely distributed and abundant nonnative fishes in the western USA were brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, brown trout Salmo trutta, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, common carp Cyprinus carpio, smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu, largemouth bass M. salmoides, green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus, fathead minnow Pimephales promelas, yellow perch Percaflavescens, yellow bullhead Ameiurus natalis, cutthroat trout O. clarkii, western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis, golden shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas, channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, and red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis. The greatest abundance and distribution of nonnative fishes was in interior states, and the most common nonnatives were introduced for angling. Nonnative fishes were widespread in pristine to highly disturbed streams influenced by all types of land use practices. We present ranges in water temperature, flow, stream order, riparian cover, human disturbance, and other environmental conditions where the 10 most common introduced species were found. Of the total western U.S. stream length bearing fish, 50.1% contained nonnative fishes while 17.9% contained physical environment that was ranked highly or moderately disturbed by humans. Introduced fishes can adversely affect stream communities, and they are much more widespread in western U.S. streams than habitat destruction. The widespread distribution and high relative abundance of nonnative fishes and their documented negative effects suggest their management and control should elicit at least as much attention as habitat preservation in the protection of native western U.S. stream biota. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M05-037.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Schade, C., and Bonar, S.A., 2005, Distribution and abundance of nonnative fishes in streams of the western United States: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 4, p. 1386-1394, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-037.1.","startPage":"1386","endPage":"1394","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477880,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1577/m05-037.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":237957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210887,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-037.1"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a026ee4b0c8380cd50049","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schade, C.B.","contributorId":82119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schade","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A.","contributorId":79617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70027356,"text":"70027356 - 2005 - A regional view of urban sedimentary basins in Northern California based on oil industry compressional-wave velocity and density logs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:34","indexId":"70027356","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A regional view of urban sedimentary basins in Northern California based on oil industry compressional-wave velocity and density logs","docAbstract":"Compressional-wave (sonic) and density logs from 119 oil test wells provide knowledge of the physical properties and impedance contrasts within urban sedimentary basins in northern California, which is needed to better understand basin amplification. These wire-line logs provide estimates of sonic velocities and densities for primarily Upper Cretaceous to Pliocene clastic rocks between 0.1 - and 5.6-km depth to an average depth of 1.8 km. Regional differences in the sonic velocities and densities in these basins largely 1reflect variations in the lithology, depth of burial, porosity, and grain size of the strata, but not necessarily formation age. For example, Miocene basin filling strata west of the Calaveras Fault exhibit higher sonic velocities and densities than older but finer-grained and/or higher-porosity rocks of the Upper Cretaceous Great Valley Sequence. As another example, hard Eocene sandstones west of the San Andreas Fault have much higher impedances than Eocene strata, mainly higher-porosity sandstones and shales, located to the east of this fault, and approach those expected for Franciscan Complex basement rocks. Basement penetrations define large impedence contrasts at the sediment/basement contact along the margins of several basins, where Quaternary, Pliocene, and even Miocene deposits directly overlie Franciscan or Salinian basement rocks at depths as much as 1.7 km. In contrast, in the deepest, geographic centers of the basins, such logs exhibit only a modest impedance contrast at the sediment/basement contact at depths exceeding 2 km. Prominent (up to 1 km/sec) and thick (up to several hundred meters) velocity and density reversals in the logs refute the common assumption that velocities and densities increase monotonically with depth.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050025","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Brocher, T., 2005, A regional view of urban sedimentary basins in Northern California based on oil industry compressional-wave velocity and density logs: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 95, no. 6, p. 2093-2114, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050025.","startPage":"2093","endPage":"2114","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209058,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050025"},{"id":235243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e543e4b0c8380cd46c4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":413311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70027707,"text":"70027707 - 2005 - Landscape structure and plague occurrence in black-tailed prairie dogs on grasslands of the western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70027707","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape structure and plague occurrence in black-tailed prairie dogs on grasslands of the western USA","docAbstract":"Landscape structure influences the abundance and distribution of many species, including pathogens that cause infectious diseases. Black-tailed prairie dogs in the western USA have declined precipitously over the past 100 years, most recently due to grassland conversion and their susceptibility to sylvatic plague. We assembled and analyzed two long-term data sets on plague occurrence in black-tailed prairie dogs to explore the hypotheses that plague occurrence is associated with colony characteristics and landscape context. Our two study areas (Boulder County, Colorado, and Phillips County, Montana) differed markedly in degree of urbanization and other landscape characteristics. In both study areas, we found associations between plague occurrence and landscape and colony characteristics such as the amount of roads, streams and lakes surrounding a prairie dog colony, the area covered by the colony and its neighbors, and the distance to the nearest plague-positive colony. Logistic regression models were similar between the two study areas, with the best models predicting positive effects of proximity to plague-positive colonies and negative effects of road, stream and lake cover on plague occurrence. Taken together, these results suggest that roads, streams and lakes may serve as barriers to plague in black-tailed prairie dog colonies by affecting movement of or habitat quality for plague hosts or for fleas that serve as vectors for the pathogen. The similarity in plague correlates between urban and rural study areas suggests that the correlates of plague are not altered by uniquely urban stressors. ?? Springer 2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10980-005-4617-5","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"Collinge, S., Johnson, W., Ray, C., Matchett, R., Grensten, J., Cully, J., Gage, K., Kosoy, M., Loye, J., and Martin, A., 2005, Landscape structure and plague occurrence in black-tailed prairie dogs on grasslands of the western USA: Landscape Ecology, v. 20, no. 8, p. 941-955, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-005-4617-5.","startPage":"941","endPage":"955","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211199,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-005-4617-5"}],"volume":"20","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a441ee4b0c8380cd66893","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collinge, S.K.","contributorId":58832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collinge","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.C.","contributorId":68003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ray, C.","contributorId":40758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ray","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matchett, R.","contributorId":92482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matchett","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grensten, J.","contributorId":29196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grensten","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cully, J.F. Jr.","contributorId":51041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cully","given":"J.F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gage, K.L.","contributorId":107653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gage","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kosoy, M.Y.","contributorId":78283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kosoy","given":"M.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Loye, J.E.","contributorId":9056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loye","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Martin, A.P.","contributorId":12257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70027880,"text":"70027880 - 2005 - An integrated approach to flood hazard assessment on alluvial fans using numerical modeling, field mapping, and remote sensing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T16:04:27.347507","indexId":"70027880","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated approach to flood hazard assessment on alluvial fans using numerical modeling, field mapping, and remote sensing","docAbstract":"Millions of people in the western United States live near the dynamic, distributary channel networks of alluvial fans where flood behavior is complex and poorly constrained. Here we test a new comprehensive approach to alluvial-fan flood hazard assessment that uses four complementary methods: two-dimensional raster-based hydraulic modeling, satellite-image change detection, field-based mapping of recent flood inundation, and surficial geologic mapping. Each of these methods provides spatial detail lacking in the standard method and each provides critical information for a comprehensive assessment.
Our numerical model simultaneously solves the continuity equation and Manning's equation (Chow, 1959) using an implicit numerical method. It provides a robust numerical tool for predicting flood flows using the large, high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) necessary to resolve the numerous small channels on the typical alluvial fan. Inundation extents and flow depths of historic floods can be reconstructed with the numerical model and validated against field- and satellite-based flood maps. A probabilistic flood hazard map can also be constructed by modeling multiple flood events with a range of specified discharges. This map can be used in conjunction with a surficial geologic map to further refine floodplain delineation on fans.
To test the accuracy of the numerical model, we compared model predictions of flood inundation and flow depths against field- and satellite-based flood maps for two recent extreme events on the southern Tortolita and Harquahala piedmonts in Arizona. Model predictions match the field- and satellite-based maps closely. Probabilistic flood hazard maps based on the 10 yr, 100 yr, and maximum floods were also constructed for the study areas using stream gage records and paleoflood deposits. The resulting maps predict spatially complex flood hazards that strongly reflect small-scale topography and are consistent with surficial geology. In contrast, FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) based on the FAN model predict uniformly high flood risk across the study areas without regard for small-scale topography and surficial geology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B25544.1","usgsCitation":"Pelletier, J., Mayer, L., Pearthree, P., House, P., Demsey, K., Klawon, J., and Vincent, K., 2005, An integrated approach to flood hazard assessment on alluvial fans using numerical modeling, field mapping, and remote sensing: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 117, no. 9-10, p. 1167-1180, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25544.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1167","endPage":"1180","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Harquahala piedmont, Tortolita piedmont","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.5711669921875,\n 33.390172864722466\n ],\n [\n -112.93395996093749,\n 33.390172864722466\n ],\n [\n -112.93395996093749,\n 33.902336404480685\n ],\n [\n -113.5711669921875,\n 33.902336404480685\n ],\n [\n -113.5711669921875,\n 33.390172864722466\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.5277099609375,\n 32.31499127724556\n ],\n [\n -110.972900390625,\n 32.31499127724556\n ],\n [\n -110.972900390625,\n 32.63012300670739\n ],\n [\n -111.5277099609375,\n 32.63012300670739\n ],\n [\n -111.5277099609375,\n 32.31499127724556\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"117","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea7ee4b0c8380cd488d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pelletier, J.D.","contributorId":40009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pelletier","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, L.","contributorId":24164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearthree, P. A.","contributorId":77236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearthree","given":"P. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"House, P.K.","contributorId":25755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Demsey, K.A.","contributorId":31474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demsey","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klawon, J.K.","contributorId":58091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klawon","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vincent, K.R.","contributorId":42563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vincent","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70027906,"text":"70027906 - 2005 - Evolution of large body size in abalones (Haliotis): Patterns and implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:46","indexId":"70027906","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3001,"text":"Paleobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution of large body size in abalones (Haliotis): Patterns and implications","docAbstract":"Kelps and other fleshy macroalgae - dominant reef-inhabiting organisms in cool - seasmay have radiated extensively following late Cenozoic polar cooling, thus triggering a chain of evolutionary change in the trophic ecology of nearshore temperate ecosystems. We explore this hypothesis through an analysis of body size in the abalones (Gastropoda; Haliotidae), a widely distributed group in modern oceans that displays a broad range of body sizes and contains fossil representatives from the late Cretaceous (60-75 Ma). Geographic analysis of maximum shell length in living abalones showed that small-bodied species, while most common in the Tropics, have a cosmopolitan distribution, whereas large-bodied species occur exclusively in cold-water ecosystems dominated by kelps and other macroalgae. The phylogeography of body size evolution in extant abalones was assessed by constructing a molecular phylogeny in a mix of large and small species obtained from different regions of the world. This analysis demonstrates that small body size is the plesiomorphic state and largeness has likely arisen at least twice. Finally, we compiled data on shell length from the fossil record to determine how (slowly or suddenly) and when large body size arose in the abalones. These data indicate that large body size appears suddenly at the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. Our findings support the view that fleshy-algal dominated ecosystems radiated rapidly in the coastal oceans with the onset of the most recent glacial age. We conclude with a discussion of the broader implications of this change. ?? 2005 The Paleontological Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Paleobiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031[0591:EOLBSI]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00948373","usgsCitation":"Estes, J.A., Lindberg, D.R., and Wray, C., 2005, Evolution of large body size in abalones (Haliotis): Patterns and implications: Paleobiology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 591-606, https://doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031[0591:EOLBSI]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"591","endPage":"606","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211058,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031[0591:EOLBSI]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":238219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d82e4b0c8380cd53070","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, D. R.","contributorId":64181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindberg","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wray, C.","contributorId":9061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wray","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":415739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}