{"pageNumber":"1028","pageRowStart":"25675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":52709,"text":"wri034220 - 2003 - Hydrology and water quality of Elkhead Creek and Elkhead Reservoir near Craig, Colorado, July 1995–September 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-20T19:48:36.148351","indexId":"wri034220","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4220","title":"Hydrology and water quality of Elkhead Creek and Elkhead Reservoir near Craig, Colorado, July 1995–September 2001","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Colorado River Water Conservation District, collected and analyzed baseline streamflow and water-quality information for Elkhead Creek and water-quality and trophic-state information for Elkhead Reservoir from July 1995 through September 2001.</p><p>In the study area, Elkhead Creek is a meandering, alluvial stream dominated by snowmelt in mountainous headwaters that produces most of the annual discharge volume and discharge peaks during late spring and early summer. During most of water year 1996 (a typical year), daily mean discharge at station 09246400 (downstream from the reservoir) was similar to daily mean discharge at station 09246200 (upstream from the reservoir). Flow-duration curves for stations 09246200 and 09246400 were nearly identical, except for discharges less than about 10 cubic feet per second.</p><p>Specific conductance generally had an inverse relation to discharge in Elkhead Creek. During late fall and winter when discharge was small and derived mostly from ground water, specific conductance was high, whereas during spring and early summer, when discharge was large and derived mostly from snowmelt, specific conductance was low. Water temperatures in Elkhead Creek were smallest during winter, about 0.0 degrees Celsius (<sup>o</sup>C), and largest during summer, about 20–25<sup>o</sup>C.</p><p>Concentrations of major ions, nutrients, trace elements, organic carbon, and suspended sediment in Elkhead Creek indicated no substantial within-year variability and no substantial differences in variability from one year to the next. A seasonal pattern in the concentration data was evident for most constituents. The seasonal concentration pattern for most of the dissolved constituents followed the seasonal pattern of specific conductance, whereas some nutrients, some trace elements, and suspended sediment followed the seasonal pattern of discharge.</p><p>Statistical differences between station 09246200 (upstream from the reservoir) and station 09246400 (downstream from the reservoir) were indicated for specific conductance, dissolved calcium, magnesium, sodium, and sulfate, acid-neutralizing capacity, and dissolved solids. Trend analysis indicated upward temporal trends for pH, dissolved ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus at station 09246200; upward temporal trends for dissolved and total ammonia plus organic nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were indicated at station 09246400. No downward trends were indicated for any constituents.</p><p>Annual loads for dissolved constituents during water years 1996–2001 were consistently larger at station 09246400 than at station 09246200, except for silica and sulfate. Mean monthly loads for dissolved constituents followed the seasonal pattern of discharge, indicating that most of the annual loads were transported during March–June. Annual dissolved nutrient loads at stations 09246400 and 09246200 were not substantially different, except for total phosphorus and total nitrogen loads, which were smaller at the downstream station than at the upstream station, most likely due to biological uptake and settling in the reservoir. Mean annual suspended-sediment load during water years 1996–2001 was about 87-percent smaller at the downstream station than at the upstream station.</p><p>Temperature in Elkhead Reservoir varied seasonally, from about 0<sup>o</sup>C during winter when ice develops on the reservoir to about 20<sup>o</sup>C during summer. Specific conductance varied from minimums of 138 to 169 microsiemens per centimeter at 25<sup>o</sup>C (µS/cm) during snowmelt inflow to maximums of 424 to 610 µS/cm during early spring low flow (April). Median pH in the reservoir ranged from 7.2 to 8.0 at all sites near the surface. Median dissolved oxygen ranged from 7.1 to 7.2 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in near-surface samples and from 4.8 to 5.6 mg/L in near-bottom samples.</p><p>During reservoir stratification, specific conductance generally was largest in the epilimnion, resulting from warm and relatively concentrated water from Elkhead Creek that was routed through the reservoir in the relatively warm epilimnion. The pH in the epilimnion generally increased from May to September, probably a result of algal productivity. In the hypolimnion, pH decreased slightly with depth in the July and September, probably a result of biomass decay processes and a lack of circulation during stratification.</p><p>Concentrations of nutrients in both near-surface and near-bottom samples from Elkhead Reservoir were highest during snowmelt inflow (April–May). Total phosphorus concentrations in near-surface samples generally were largest during runoff, whereas total phosphorus concentrations in near-bottom samples generally were largest during July or September. Concentrations of nitrite plus nitrate in near-surface samples were substantially depleted by biological uptake during July, September, and October, compared to near-bottom samples. Variations in concentration of chlorophyll-<i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>in near-surface samples were large during the growing season with peak seasonal concentrations during runoff or late summer and fall. Trophic state for Elkhead reservoir ranged from oligotrophic to eutrophic.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034220","usgsCitation":"Kuhn, G., Stevens, M.R., and Elliott, J.G., 2003, Hydrology and water quality of Elkhead Creek and Elkhead Reservoir near Craig, Colorado, July 1995–September 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4220, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034220.","productDescription":"63 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5243,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034220","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":394607,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61979.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Craig","otherGeospatial":"Elkhead Creek and Elkhead Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.5667,\n              40.4778\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.2583,\n              40.4778\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.2583,\n              40.6833\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.5667,\n              40.6833\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.5667,\n              40.4778\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a88db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuhn, Gerhard","contributorId":102080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuhn","given":"Gerhard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":245884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, John G. jelliott@usgs.gov","contributorId":832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"John","email":"jelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":245885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53261,"text":"ofr03375 - 2003 - Ecosystem history of southern and central Biscayne Bay: Summary report on sediment core analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T15:56:16.625538","indexId":"ofr03375","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-375","title":"Ecosystem history of southern and central Biscayne Bay: Summary report on sediment core analyses","docAbstract":"<p>During the last century, the environs of Biscayne Bay have been greatly affected by anthropogenic alteration through urbanization of the Miami/Dade County area. The sources, timing, delivery, and quality of freshwater flow into the Bay have been changed by construction of a complex canal system that controls movement of water throughout south Florida. Changes in shoreline and sub-aquatic vegetation and marine organisms have been observed and changes in water delivery are believed to be the cause.</p><p>Current restoration goals are attempting to restore natural flow of fresh water into Biscayne and Florida Bays and to restore the natural fauna and flora, but first we need to determine pre-alteration baseline conditions in order to establish targets and performance measures for restoration. This research is part of an ongoing study designed to address the needs of the Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands Project (BBCW) of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP).</p><p>By establishing the natural patterns of temporal change in salinity, water quality, vegetation, and benthic fauna in Biscayne Bay and the nearby wetlands over the last 100- 500 years the USGS, in collaboration with our partners, will provide the data necessary to set realistic targets to achieve the BBCW Project goals.</p><p>Six cores from three sites in Biscayne Bay were collected in April 2002 for multidisciplinary multi-proxy analyses. This report details the results of these analyses and compares the 2002 cores to cores collected in 1997. The following are our significant findings to date:</p><ul><li>The salinity of central Biscayne Bay has become increasingly marine and increasingly stable over the last 100 years.</li><ul><li>At No Name Bank, prior to approximately 1915, the inter-decadal and decadal salinity fluctuations appear to have been greater than after 1915 when salinities stabilized at that site.</li><li>Continental shelf/open marine influence on the sites has increased during the 20th century.</li><li>There is no indication of inter-decadal salinity extremes or periods of hypersalinity.</li><li>Freshwater and mesohaline salinities have had a minor influence on No Name bank throughout the time of deposition. At Featherbed Bank, the influence is reduced to mesohaline salinities.</li></ul><li>Card Bank has experienced relatively large swings in salinity over multi-decadal and centennial timescales, compared to central Biscayne Bay, but marine influence at the site has increased over the last century.</li><li>Indications of regional scale patterns have been found, especially in the shell chemistry data and the pollen assemblages. These regional patterns indicate that the changes are not site specific and may not be limited to Biscayne Bay.</li><li>Sub-aquatic vegetation has undergone bay-wide patterns of change over the last 200-500 years, which includes expansion prior to 1900 and declines during the last century in central Biscayne Bay.</li><li><ul><li>Thalassia appears to have increased at all three core sites sometime between 1550 and 1750 AD.</li><li>A decline in Thalassia appears to have occurred after 1950 at No Name Bank and slightly earlier in the 20th century at Featherbed Bank.</li><li>Card Bank does not appear to have experienced any declines in vegetation on an inter-decadal scale during the 20th century.</li></ul></li><li>Molluscan faunal abundance and diversity have undergone significant changes in central Biscayne Bay.</li><li>Indicators of increased organic-rich sediments at No Name occur between 1869 to 1888 and between the 1930’s to 1975. These changes may correlate to human activities (settlement, population growth).</li></ul><p>These findings represent a first step towards the project’s goal to reconstruct the history of Biscayne Bay and they provide us with a working model to be tested at other sites. It is clear from our findings that Biscayne Bay has been a dynamic environment over the last 500 years, with natural changes occurring in salinity and benthic habitats. However, several significant changes have occurred in the 20th century: 1) increased stabilization of marine salinities; 2) declines in seagrass in central Biscayne Bay; 3) dramatic changes in molluscan abundance and diversity in central Biscayne Bay. The question remains - how do we better differentiate natural cycles of change from anthropogenic change within these observed trends?</p><p>The preliminary implications from our research are that changes in salinity and benthic habitats have occurred naturally in Biscayne Bay on inter-decadal to centennial scales, perhaps due to climatic changes, changes in sea level, bank migrations, or a combination of factors. However, further work needs to be done to determine which components of change in the 20th century are human-induced and which are natural. By examining the historical records preserved in the sediments of Biscayne Bay, we can provide restoration trust agencies with the information necessary to set realistic targets and performance measures for Biscayne Bay.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03375","usgsCitation":"Ecosystem history of southern and central Biscayne Bay; summary report on sediment core analyses; 2003; OFR; 2003-375; Wingard, G. L.; Cronin, T. M.; Dwyer, G. S.; Ishman, S. E.; Willard, D. A.; Holmes, C. W.; Bernhardt, C. E.; Williams, C. P.; Marot, M. E.; Murray, J. B.; Stamm, R. G.; Murray, J. H.; Budet, C.","productDescription":"111 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4938,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0375/ofr03-375.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 03-375"},{"id":174304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0375/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.45837402343749,\n              25.152743274854956\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.06286621093749,\n              25.152743274854956\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.06286621093749,\n              26.21212691288088\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.45837402343749,\n              26.21212691288088\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.45837402343749,\n              25.152743274854956\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","publishedDate":"2003-09-15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62597a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, G. S.","contributorId":39951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ishman, S. E.","contributorId":20346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ishman","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willard, Debra  A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":85982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra  A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holmes, C. W.","contributorId":36076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bernhardt, C.E.","contributorId":65554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Williams, C.P.","contributorId":25410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Marot, M. E.","contributorId":7733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marot","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Murray, J.B.","contributorId":58858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stamm, R.G.","contributorId":59476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamm","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Murray, J.H.","contributorId":6716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Budet, C.","contributorId":67772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budet","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":53541,"text":"wri034209 - 2003 - Hydrogeology of a Biosolids-Application Site Near Deer Trail, Colorado, 1993-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-08T13:52:12","indexId":"wri034209","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4209","title":"Hydrogeology of a Biosolids-Application Site Near Deer Trail, Colorado, 1993-99","docAbstract":"This report presents hydrogeology data and interpretations resulting from two studies related to biosolids applications at the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District property near Deer Trail, Colorado, done by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District: (1) a 1993-99 study of hydrology and water quality for the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District central property and (2) a 1999 study of regional bedrock-aquifer structure and local ground-water recharge. Biosolids were applied as a fertilizer during late 1993 through 1999. The 1993 Metro Wastewater Reclamation District property boundary constitutes the study area, but hydrogeologic structure maps for a much larger area are included in the report. The study area is located on the eastern margin of the Denver Basin, a bowl-shaped sequence of sedimentary rocks. The uppermost bedrock formations in the vicinity of the study area consist of the Pierre Shale, the Fox Hills Sandstone, and the Laramie Formation, parts of which comprise the Laramie-Fox Hills hydrostratigraphic unit and thus, where saturated, the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer. In the vicinity of the study area, the Laramie-Fox Hills hydrostratigraphic unit dips gently to the northwest, crops out, and is partially eroded. The Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer is either absent or not fully saturated within the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District properties, although this aquifer is the principal aquifer used for domestic supply in the vicinity of the study area. Yield was small from two deep monitoring wells in the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer within the study area. Depth to water in these wells was about 110 and 150 feet below land surface, and monthly water levels fluctuated 0.5 foot or less. Alluvial aquifers also are present in the unconsolidated sand and loess deposits in the valleys of the study area. Interactions of the deeper parts of the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer with shallow ground water in the study area include a general close hydraulic connection between alluvial and bedrock aquifers, recharge of the Cottonwood Creek and much of the Muddy Creek alluvial aquifers by the bedrock aquifer, and possible recharge of the bedrock aquifer by a Rattlesnake Creek tributary. Some areas of shallow ground water were recharged by infiltration from rain or ponds, but other areas likely were recharged by other ground water. Data for shallow ground water indicate that ground-water recharge takes less than a day at some sites to about 40 years at another site. Depth to shallow ground water in the study area ranged from about 2 feet to about 37 feet below land surface. Shallow ground-water levels likely were affected by evapotranspiration. Ground water is present in shallow parts of the bedrock aquifer or in alluvial aquifers in four drainage basins: Badger Creek, Cottonwood Creek, Muddy Creek, and Rattlesnake Creek. These drainage basins generally contained only ephemeral streams, which flow only after intense rain.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034209","usgsCitation":"Yager, T., and Arnold, L., 2003, Hydrogeology of a Biosolids-Application Site Near Deer Trail, Colorado, 1993-99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4209, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034209.","productDescription":"90 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4744,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034209/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":265402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4209/plate-3.pdf"},{"id":265400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4209/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":265401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4209/plate-2.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db62476d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, Tracy J.B.","contributorId":10861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Tracy J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arnold, L. Rick","contributorId":101613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L. Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53119,"text":"wri034090 - 2003 - Simulation of net infiltration and potential recharge using a distributed-parameter watershed model of the Death Valley region, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:46","indexId":"wri034090","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4090","title":"Simulation of net infiltration and potential recharge using a distributed-parameter watershed model of the Death Valley region, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"This report presents the development and application of the distributed-parameter watershed model, INFILv3, for estimating the temporal and spatial distribution of net infiltration and potential recharge in the Death Valley region, Nevada and California. The estimates of net infiltration quantify the downward drainage of water across the lower boundary of the root zone and are used to indicate potential recharge under variable climate conditions and drainage basin characteristics. Spatial variability in recharge in the Death Valley region likely is high owing to large differences in precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, bedrock permeability, soil thickness, vegetation characteristics, and contributions to recharge along active stream channels. The quantity and spatial distribution of recharge representing the effects of variable climatic conditions and drainage basin characteristics on recharge are needed to reduce uncertainty in modeling ground-water flow. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Department of Energy, developed a regional saturated-zone ground-water flow model of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system to help evaluate the current hydrogeologic system and the potential effects of natural or human-induced changes. Although previous estimates of recharge have been made for most areas of the Death Valley region, including the area defined by the boundary of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, the uncertainty of these estimates is high, and the spatial and temporal variability of the recharge in these basins has not been quantified.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nTo estimate the magnitude and distribution of potential recharge in response to variable climate and spatially varying drainage basin characteristics, the INFILv3 model uses a daily water-balance model of the root zone with a primarily deterministic representation of the processes controlling net infiltration and potential recharge. The daily water balance includes precipitation (as either rain or snow), snow accumulation, sublimation, snowmelt, infiltration into the root zone, evapotranspiration, drainage, water content change throughout the root-zone profile (represented as a 6-layered system), runoff (defined as excess rainfall and snowmelt) and surface water run-on (defined as runoff that is routed downstream), and net infiltration (simulated as drainage from the bottom root-zone layer). Potential evapotranspiration is simulated using an hourly solar radiation model to simulate daily net radiation, and daily evapotranspiration is simulated as an empirical function of root zone water content and potential evapotranspiration. The model uses daily climate records of precipitation and air temperature from a regionally distributed network of 132 climate stations and a spatially distributed representation of drainage basin characteristics defined by topography, geology, soils, and vegetation to simulate daily net infiltration at all locations, including stream channels with intermittent streamflow in response to runoff from rain and snowmelt. The temporal distribution of daily, monthly, and annual net infiltration can be used to evaluate the potential effect of future climatic conditions on potential recharge. \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe INFILv3 model inputs representing drainage basin characteristics were developed using a geographic information system (GIS) to define a set of spatially distributed input parameters uniquely assigned to each grid cell of the INFILv3 model grid. The model grid, which was defined by a digital elevation model (DEM) of the Death Valley region, consists of 1,252,418 model grid cells with a uniform grid cell dimension of 278.5 meters in the north-south and east-west directions. The elevation values from the DEM were used with monthly regression models developed from the daily climate data to estimate the spatial distribution of daily precipitation and air temperature. The elevation values were also used to simulate atmosp","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034090","usgsCitation":"Hevesi, J.A., Flint, A.L., and Flint, L.E., 2003, Simulation of net infiltration and potential recharge using a distributed-parameter watershed model of the Death Valley region, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4090, 171 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034090.","productDescription":"171 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4677,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4930e4b07f02db58123e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hevesi, Joseph 0000-0003-2898-1800 jhevesi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-1800","contributorId":1507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hevesi","given":"Joseph","email":"jhevesi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53269,"text":"ofr03292 - 2003 - Water-quality, streambed-sediment, and biological data from the Clark Fork-Pend Oreille and Spokane River basins, Montana, Idaho, and Washington, 1998-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-05T20:28:15.190592","indexId":"ofr03292","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-292","title":"Water-quality, streambed-sediment, and biological data from the Clark Fork-Pend Oreille and Spokane River basins, Montana, Idaho, and Washington, 1998-2001","docAbstract":"Water-quality, streambed-sediment, and biological data were collected in the Clark Fork-Pend Oreille and Spokane River basins as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program and are presented in this report. These river basins compose the Northern Rockies Intermontane Basins study unit which was selected to include a river system that has a mixture of forested, agricultural, urban, and developing areas. Waterquality samples were collected from 28 surface-water sites and 86 ground-water sites from June 1998 to September 2001. Data collected included measurements of physical properties and chemical analyses of concentrations of major ions, trace elements, nutrients, organic carbon, pesticides, volatile organic compounds, and radiochemical constituents. Streambed-sediment and biological tissue samples were collected from 41 sites and analyzed for trace elements and organochlorine compounds. Benthic algae were collected to determine chlorophyll concentration and areal density.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03292","usgsCitation":"Bowers, C.L., Caldwell, R.R., and Dutton, D., 2003, Water-quality, streambed-sediment, and biological data from the Clark Fork-Pend Oreille and Spokane River basins, Montana, Idaho, and Washington, 1998-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-292, viii, 203 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03292.","productDescription":"viii, 203 p.","numberOfPages":"213","temporalStart":"1998-06-01","temporalEnd":"2001-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0292/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87137,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0292/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":407996,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_67763.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Clark Fork-Pend Oreille and Spokane River basins","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.5833,\n              45.8167\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.9333,\n              45.8167\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.9333,\n              48.275\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5833,\n              48.275\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.5833,\n              45.8167\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowers, Craig L.","contributorId":99209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowers","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, Rodney R. 0000-0002-2588-715X caldwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-715X","contributorId":2577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Rodney","email":"caldwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dutton, DeAnn M. ddutton@usgs.gov","contributorId":20762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutton","given":"DeAnn M.","email":"ddutton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":247130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":52710,"text":"wri034160 - 2003 - Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-16T21:56:10.374308","indexId":"wri034160","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4160","title":"Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>Impairment of surface waters by fecal coliform bacteria is a water-quality issue of national scope and importance. Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires that each State identify surface waters that do not meet applicable water-quality standards. In Virginia, more than 175 stream segments are on the 1998 Section 303(d) list of impaired waters because of violations of the water-quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria. A total maximum daily load (TMDL) will need to be developed by 2006 for each of these impaired streams and rivers by the Virginia Departments of Environmental Quality and Conservation and Recreation. A TMDL is a quantitative representation of the maximum load of a given water-quality constituent, from all point and nonpoint sources, that a stream can assimilate without violating the designated water-quality standard. Accotink Creek, in Fairfax County, Virginia, is one of the stream segments listed by the State of Virginia as impaired by fecal coliform bacteria. Watershed modeling and bacterial source tracking were used to develop the technical components of the fecal coliform bacteria TMDL for Accotink Creek. The Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was used to simulate streamflow, fecal coliform concentrations, and source-specific fecal coliform loading in Accotink Creek. Ribotyping, a bacterial source tracking technique, was used to identify the dominant sources of fecal coliform bacteria in the Accotink Creek watershed. Ribotyping also was used to determine the relative contributions of specific sources to the observed fecal coliform load in Accotink Creek. Data from the ribotyping analysis were incorporated into the calibration of the fecal coliform model. Study results provide information regarding the calibration of the streamflow and fecal coliform bacteria models and also identify the reductions in fecal coliform loads required to meet the TMDL for Accotink Creek. The calibrated streamflow model simulated observed streamflow characteristics with respect to total annual runoff, seasonal runoff, average daily streamflow, and hourly stormflow. The calibrated fecal coliform model simulated the patterns and range of observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations. Observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations during low-flow periods ranged from 25 to 800 colonies per 100 milliliters, and peak concentrations during storm-flow periods ranged from 19,000 to 340,000 colonies per 100 milliliters. Simulated source-specific contributions of fecal coliform bacteria to instream load were matched to the observed contributions from the dominant sources, which were cats, deer, dogs, ducks, geese, humans, muskrats, and raccoons. According to model results, an 89-percent reduction in the current fecal coliform load delivered from the watershed to Accotink Creek would result in compliance with the designated water-quality goals and associated TMDL.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034160","usgsCitation":"Moyer, D., and Hyer, K., 2003, Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Accotink Creek, Fairfax County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4160, vi, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034160.","productDescription":"vi, 67 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410655,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61974.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034160/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Fairfax County","otherGeospatial":"Accotink Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.3333,\n              38.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.3333,\n              38.7917\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.1917,\n              38.7917\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.1917,\n              38.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.3333,\n              38.9\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697fde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, Douglas 0000-0001-6330-478X dlmoyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-478X","contributorId":2670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"dlmoyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hyer, Kenneth kenhyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyer","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenhyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53203,"text":"ofr03477 - 2003 - A compilation of whole-rock and glass major-element geochemistry of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, near-vent eruptive products: January 1983 through September 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-13T16:20:45","indexId":"ofr03477","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-477","title":"A compilation of whole-rock and glass major-element geochemistry of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, near-vent eruptive products: January 1983 through September 2001","docAbstract":"This report presents major-element geochemical data from 652 glasses (~6,520 analyses) and 795 whole-rock aliquots from 1,002 fresh samples of olivine-tholeiitic lava collected throughout the near-continuous eruption of Kïlauea Volcano, Hawai'i, from January 1983 through September 2001. The data presented herein provide a unique temporal compilation of lava geochemistry that best reflects variations of pre-eruptive magma compositions during prolonged rift-zone eruption. This document serves as a repository for geochemical data referred to in U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1676 (Heliker, Swanson, and Takahashi, eds., 2003) which includes multidisciplinary research papers pertaining to the first twenty years of Puu Oo-Kupaianaha eruption activity. Details of eruption characteristics and nomenclature are provided in the introductory chapter of that volume (Heliker and Mattox, 2003). Geochemical relations among all or portions of this data set are depicted and interpreted by Thornber (2003), Thornber and others (2003) and Thornber (2001). Trace element compositions and Nd, Sr and Pb isotopic analyses of representative samples of this select eruption suite will be provided in a separate and complimentary open file report. From 1983 to October 2001, approximately 2,500 eruption samples were collected and archived by the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). Geochemical data for 1,002 of these samples are included here. Previous reports present bulk-lava major- element chemistry for eruption samples collected from 1983 to 1986 and from 1990 to 1994 (Neal and others, 1988 and Mangan and others, 1995, respectively). Major element glass chemistry and thermometry data for samples collected from 1983 to 1994 is reported by Helz and Hearn (1998) and whole-rock and glass chemistry for samples collected from September 1994 to October 2001 is provided by Thornber and others (2002). This report is a compilation of previously published data along with unpublished whole-rock data for the 1986–1990 eruptive interval (episode 48, see Heliker and Mattox, 2003). The geochemical data in this report is mostly limited to well-quenched samples collected at or near their respective vents. The samples include tephra and spatter, in addition to lava dipped from lava lakes, lava tubes, and surface lava flows. The details of sample collection techniques as described by Thornber and others (2002) are generally applicable for this entire sampling interval.\n\nSpecifically excluded from this database are samples of distal surface flows, many of which were collected for topical studies of emplacement dynamics (for example, Cashman and others, 1999). Samples of sluggish or crystal-laden tube flows collected during eruptive pauses were also excluded, because they bear visual, petrographic and geochemical evidence for crystal accumulation during surface-flow stagnation. In addition, the pre-1992 whole-rock major element data reported here has been corrected to compensate for minor analytical discrepancies between pre- and post-1991 XRF analyses. These discrepancies resulted from a change in instrumentation at the USGS Denver analytical laboratories. This select suite of time-constrained geochemical data is suitable for constructing petrologic models of pre-eruptive magmatic processes associated with prolong rift zone eruption of Hawaiian shield volcanoes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03477","usgsCitation":"Thornber, C.R., Hon, K., Heliker, C., and Sherrod, D.A., 2003, A compilation of whole-rock and glass major-element geochemistry of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, near-vent eruptive products: January 1983 through September 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-477, Report: 8 p.; Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03477.","productDescription":"Report: 8 p.; Data","numberOfPages":"8","temporalStart":"1983-01-01","temporalEnd":"2001-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03477.jpg"},{"id":4795,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0477/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283972,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0477/pdf/of03-477.pdf"},{"id":283973,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0477/OF03-477data.xls"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.305533,19.38969 ], [ -155.305533,19.443418 ], [ -155.232799,19.443418 ], [ -155.232799,19.38969 ], [ -155.305533,19.38969 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thornber, Carl R. cthornber@usgs.gov","contributorId":2016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornber","given":"Carl","email":"cthornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hon, Ken","contributorId":19163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hon","given":"Ken","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heliker, Christina","contributorId":53353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heliker","given":"Christina","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherrod, David A.","contributorId":53458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":52921,"text":"wri034164 - 2003 - Techniques for estimating flood-peak discharges of rural, unregulated streams in Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-28T10:49:21","indexId":"wri034164","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4164","displayTitle":"Techniques for Estimating Flood-Peak  Discharges of Rural, Unregulated Streams in Ohio","title":"Techniques for estimating flood-peak discharges of rural, unregulated streams in Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>Regional equations for estimating 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year flood-peak discharges at ungaged sites on rural, unregulated streams in Ohio were developed by means of ordinary and generalized least-squares (GLS) regression techniques. One-variable, simple equations and three-variable, full-model equations were developed on the basis of selected basin characteristics and flood-frequency estimates determined for 305 streamflow-gaging stations in Ohio and adjacent states. The average standard errors of prediction ranged from about 39 to 49 percent for the simple equations, and from about 34 to 41 percent for the full-model equations. Flood-frequency estimates determined by means of log-Pearson Type III analyses are reported along with weighted flood-frequency estimates, computed as a function of the log-Pearson Type III estimates and the regression estimates.</p><p>Values of explanatory variables used in the regression models were determined from digital spatial data sets by means of a geographic information system (GIS), with the exception of drainage area, which was determined by digitizing the area within basin boundaries manually delineated on topographic maps. Use of GIS-based explanatory variables represents a major departure in methodology from that described in previous reports on estimating flood-frequency characteristics of Ohio streams.</p><p>Examples are presented illustrating application of the regression equations to ungaged sites on ungaged and gaged streams. A method is provided to adjust regression estimates for ungaged sites by use of weighted and regression estimates for a gaged site on the same stream.</p><p>A region-of-influence method, which employs a computer program to estimate flood-frequency characteristics for ungaged sites based on data from gaged sites with similar characteristics, was also tested and compared to the GLS full-model equations. For all recurrence intervals, the GLS full-model equations had superior prediction accuracy relative to the simple equations and therefore are recommended for use.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034164","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Transportation, and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G., 2003, Techniques for estimating flood-peak discharges of rural, unregulated streams in Ohio (2nd edition): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4164, vi, 75 p.; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034164.","productDescription":"vi, 75 p.; Metadata","numberOfPages":"83","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273235,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/elevgrd.xml","linkHelpText":"- Ohio-Drainage Digital Elevation Model for use with Water Resources 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 \"}}]}","edition":"2nd edition","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_oh@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_oh@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/oki-water/\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/oki-water/\">Ohio Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>6460 Busch Blvd. <br>Columbus, OH 43229</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Techniques for Estimating Flood-Peak Discharges</li><li>Data Compilation</li><li>Development of Flood-Frequency Estimates for Streamflow-Gaging Stations</li><li>Development of Regional Regression Equations</li><li>Region of Influence</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Data Tables</li><li>Appendixes</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":49817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53240,"text":"ofr03495 - 2003 - Magnetotelluric data release for locating the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone, east-central Tooele County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr03495","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-495","title":"Magnetotelluric data release for locating the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone, east-central Tooele County, Utah","docAbstract":"Many sediment-hosted gold deposits occur along linear trends in the Great Basin. The distribution and genesis of these deposits in the Great Basin is not fully understood. In general, most models agree that regional structures played an important role in the spatial distribution of these deposits (e.g. Arehart and others, 1993; Ilchik and Barton, 1997; Radtke, 1985; Shawe, 1991; Sillitoe and Bonham, 1990; Tosdal, 1998). To investigate crustal structures that may be related to the genesis of gold deposits in the Great Basin, a regional south-north profile of magnetotelluric (MT) soundings was acquired in 2003. Resistivity modeling of the MT data can be used to investigate buried structures or sutures that may have influenced subsequent tectonism, sedimentation, and regional fluid flow. The goal of this survey is to infer the location of the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone in east-central Tooele County, Utah. The purpose of this report is to release the MT sounding data; no interpretation of the data is included.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03495","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.M., and Rodriguez, B.D., 2003, Magnetotelluric data release for locating the Archean/Proterozoic suture zone, east-central Tooele County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-495, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03495.","productDescription":"119 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":438875,"rank":101,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7WQ02RM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Magnetotelluric sounding data, stations 1 to 12, East-Central Tooele County, Utah, 2003"},{"id":178220,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4893,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr-03-495/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64945a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Jackie M.","contributorId":11217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Jackie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Brian D. 0000-0002-2263-611X brod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-611X","contributorId":836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Brian","email":"brod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":52712,"text":"wri034162 - 2003 - Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Christians Creek, Augusta County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-19T19:18:45.391102","indexId":"wri034162","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4162","title":"Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Christians Creek, Augusta County, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>Impairment of surface waters by fecal coliform bacteria is a water-quality issue of national scope and importance. Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires that each State identify surface waters that do not meet applicable water-quality standards. In Virginia, more than 175 stream segments are on the 1998 Section 303(d) list of impaired waters because of violations of the water-quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria. A total maximum daily load (TMDL) will need to be developed by 2006 for each of these impaired streams and rivers by the Virginia Departments of Environmental Quality and Conservation and Recreation. A TMDL is a quantitative representation of the maximum load of a given water-quality constituent, from all point and nonpoint sources, that a stream can assimilate without violating the designated water-quality standard. Christians Creek, in Augusta County, Virginia, is one of the stream segments listed by the State of Virginia as impaired by fecal coliform bacteria. Watershed modeling and bacterial source tracking were used to develop the technical components of the fecal coliform bacteria TMDL for Christians Creek. The Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was used to simulate streamflow, fecal coliform concentrations, and source-specific fecal coliform loading in Christians Creek. Ribotyping, a bacterial source tracking technique, was used to identify the dominant sources of fecal coliform bacteria in the Christians Creek watershed. Ribotyping also was used to determine the relative contributions of specific sources to the observed fecal coliform load in Christians Creek. Data from the ribotyping analysis were incorporated into the calibration of the fecal coliform model. Study results provide information regarding the calibration of the streamflow and fecal coliform bacteria models and also identify the reductions in fecal coliform loads required to meet the TMDL for Christians Creek. The calibrated streamflow model simulated observed streamflow characteristics with respect to total annual runoff, seasonal runoff, average daily streamflow, and hourly stormflow. The calibrated fecal coliform model simulated the patterns and range of observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations. Observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations during low-flow periods ranged from 40 to 2,000 colonies per 100 milliliters, and peak concentrations during stormflow periods ranged from 23,000 to 730,000 colonies per 100 milliliters. Additionally, fecal coliform bacteria concentrations were generally higher upstream and lower downstream. Simulated source-specific contributions of fecal coliform bacteria to instream load were matched to the observed contributions from the dominant sources, which were beaver, cats, cattle, deer, dogs, ducks, geese, horses, humans, muskrats, poultry, raccoons, and sheep. According to model results, a 96-percent reduction in the current fecal coliform load delivered from the watershed to Christians Creek would result in compliance with the designated water-quality goals and associated TMDL.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034162","usgsCitation":"Moyer, D., and Hyer, K., 2003, Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Christians Creek, Augusta County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4162, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034162.","productDescription":"79 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":180712,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5246,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034162/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":410723,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61975.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Augusta County","otherGeospatial":"Christians Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.222,\n              38.1933\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.222,\n              38.0047\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.8889,\n              38.0047\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.8889,\n              38.1933\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.222,\n              38.1933\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b036","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, Douglas 0000-0001-6330-478X dlmoyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-478X","contributorId":2670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"dlmoyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hyer, Kenneth kenhyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyer","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenhyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53205,"text":"ofr03465 - 2003 - Preliminary location and age database for invertebrate fossils collected in the San Francisco Bay region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:44:06.830615","indexId":"ofr03465","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-465","title":"Preliminary location and age database for invertebrate fossils collected in the San Francisco Bay region, California","docAbstract":"Most geologic maps published for central California in the past century have been made without the benefit of microfossils. The age of Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks in the structurally complex sedimentary formations of the Coast Ranges is critical in determining stratigraphic succession and in determining whether the juxtapositon of similar appearing formations means that a fault is present. Since the 1930’s, at least, oil company geologists have used microfossils to assist them in geologic mapping and in determining the environments of deposition of sedimentary rocks. This information has been confidential, but in the past 20 years the attitude of petroleum companies about this information has changed, and much material is now available. We report here on approximately 4,700 samples, largely foraminifers, from surface localities in the San Francisco Bay region of California. The information contained here can be used to update geologic maps, to analyze the depth and temperature of ocean water covering parts of California during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras, and for solving other geologic problems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03465","usgsCitation":"Parker, J.M., West, W., Malmborg, W.T., and Brabb, E.E., 2003, Preliminary location and age database for invertebrate fossils collected in the San Francisco Bay region, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-465, Report: 5 p.; 3 Master Fossil files: FP7, TAB, CSV, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03465.","productDescription":"Report: 5 p.; 3 Master Fossil files: FP7, TAB, CSV","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03465.jpg"},{"id":4832,"rank":6,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0465/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283960,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0465/pdf/of03-465.pdf"},{"id":283961,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0465/Masterfossillist.fp7"},{"id":283962,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0465/Masterfossillist.tab"},{"id":283963,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0465/Masterfossillist.csv"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.6913,37.2968 ], [ -122.6913,38.2392 ], [ -121.7591,38.2392 ], [ -121.7591,37.2968 ], [ -122.6913,37.2968 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d91d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, John M.","contributorId":29053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"West, William B.","contributorId":57972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"William B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malmborg, William T.","contributorId":35836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malmborg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brabb, Earl E.","contributorId":48939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabb","given":"Earl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":52711,"text":"wri034161 - 2003 - Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Blacks Run, Rockingham County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-19T19:29:10.423265","indexId":"wri034161","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4161","title":"Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Blacks Run, Rockingham County, Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>Impairment of surface waters by fecal coliform bacteria is a water-quality issue of national scope and importance. Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires that each State identify surface waters that do not meet applicable water-quality standards. In Virginia, more than 175 stream segments are on the 1998 Section 303(d) list of impaired waters because of violations of the water-quality standard for fecal coliform bacteria. A total maximum daily load (TMDL) will need to be developed by 2006 for each of these impaired streams and rivers by the Virginia Departments of Environmental Quality and Conservation and Recreation. A TMDL is a quantitative representation of the maximum load of a given water-quality constituent, from all point and nonpoint sources, that a stream can assimilate without violating the designated water-quality standard. Blacks Run, in Rockingham County, Virginia, is one of the stream segments listed by the State of Virginia as impaired by fecal coliform bacteria. Watershed modeling and bacterial source tracking were used to develop the technical components of the fecal coliform bacteria TMDL for Accotink Creek. The Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) was used to simulate streamflow, fecal coliform concentrations, and source-specific fecal coliform loading in Blacks Run. Ribotyping, a bacterial source tracking technique, was used to identify the dominant sources of fecal coliform bacteria in the Blacks Run watershed. Ribotyping also was used to determine the relative contributions of specific sources to the observed fecal coliform load in Blacks Run. Data from the ribotyping analysis were incorporated into the calibration of the fecal coliform model. Study results provide information regarding the calibration of the streamflow and fecal coliform bacteria models and also identify the reductions in fecal coliform loads required to meet the TMDL for Blacks Run. The calibrated streamflow model simulated observed streamflow characteristics with respect to total annual runoff, seasonal runoff, average daily streamflow, and hourly stormflow. The calibrated fecal coliform model simulated the patterns and range of observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations. Observed fecal coliform bacteria concentrations during low-flow periods ranged from 40 to 7,000 colonies per 100 milliliters, and peak concentrations during storm-flow periods ranged from 33,000 to 260,000 colonies per 100 milliliters. Simulated source-specific contributions of fecal coliform bacteria to instream load were matched to the observed contributions from the dominant sources, which were cats, cattle, deer, dogs, ducks, geese, horses, humans, muskrats, poultry, raccoons, and sheep. According to model results, a 95-percent reduction in the current fecal coliform load delivered from the watershed to Blacks Run would result in compliance with the designated water-quality goals and associated TMDL.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034161","usgsCitation":"Moyer, D., and Hyer, K., 2003, Use of the Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN and bacterial source tracking for development of the fecal coliform total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Blacks Run, Rockingham County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4161, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034161.","productDescription":"59 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61973.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":5245,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034161/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Rockingham County","otherGeospatial":"Blacks Run","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.76012948920716,\n              38.528863860443494\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.93454236030807,\n              38.528863860443494\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.93454236030807,\n              38.35346563294095\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.76012948920716,\n              38.35346563294095\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.76012948920716,\n              38.528863860443494\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moyer, Douglas 0000-0001-6330-478X dlmoyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-478X","contributorId":2670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"dlmoyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hyer, Kenneth kenhyer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyer","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenhyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":245890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":52670,"text":"ofr03344 - 2003 - Selected natural attenuation monitoring data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:26","indexId":"ofr03344","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-344","title":"Selected natural attenuation monitoring data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2001","docAbstract":"Previous investigations have shown that natural attenuation and biodegradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) are substantial in shallow ground water beneath the 9-acre former landfill at Operable Unit 1 (OU 1), Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC), Division Keyport, Washington. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has continued to monitor ground-water geochemistry to assure that conditions remain favorable for contaminant biodegradation. This report presents the ground-water geochemical and selected CVOC data collected at OU 1 by the USGS during June 11-14, 2001 in support of the long-term monitoring for natural attenuation.\r\n\r\nOverall, the June 2001 data indicate that redox conditions in the upper aquifer remain favorable for reductive dechlorination of CVOCs because strongly reducing conditions persisted beneath much of the former landfill. Redox conditions in the intermediate aquifer down gradient of the landfill appear to have become more favorable for reductive dechlorination because June 2001 dissolved hydrogen concentrations indicated strongly reducing conditions there for the first time. Although changes in redox conditions were observed at certain wells during 2001, a longer monitoring period is needed to ascertain if phytoremediation activities are affecting the ground-water chemistry.\r\n\r\nA minor change to future monitoring is proposed. Filtered organic carbon (previously referred to as dissolved, and defined as that which passes through a 0.45-micrometer membrane filter) should be analyzed in the future rather than unfiltered (previously referred to as total) organic carbon because the filtered analysis may be a better measure of bioavailable organic carbon. Unfiltered and filtered organic carbon data were collected during June 2001 for comparison. Filtered organic carbon data collected in the future could be reasonably compared with historical unfiltered organic carbon data by multiplying the historical data by a factor of about 0.9.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03344","usgsCitation":"Dinico, R.S., 2003, Selected natural attenuation monitoring data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-344, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03344.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5168,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03344/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":178554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a02e4b07f02db5f81de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dinico, Richard Steven","contributorId":103735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinico","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"Steven","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":245758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53461,"text":"wri034250 - 2003 - Flood-frequency characteristics of Wisconsin streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T10:34:55","indexId":"wri034250","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4250","title":"Flood-frequency characteristics of Wisconsin streams","docAbstract":"<p>Flood-frequency characteristics for 312 gaged sites on Wisconsin streams are presented for recurrence intervals of 2 to 100 years using flood-peak data collected through water year 2000. Equations of the relations between flood-frequency and drainage-basin characteristics were developed by multiple-regression analyses. Flood-frequency characteristics for ungaged sites on unregulated, rural streams can be estimated by use of these equations. The state was divided into five areas with similar physiographic characteristics. The most significant basin characteristics are drainage area, main-channel slope, soil permeability, storage, rainfall intensity, and forest cover. The standard error of prediction for the equation for the 100-year flood discharge ranges from 22 to 44 percent in the state. A graphical method for estimating flood-frequency characteristics of regulated streams was developed from the relation of discharge and drainage area. Graphs for the major regulated streams are presented.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034250","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Walker, J.F., and Krug, W.R., 2003, Flood-frequency characteristics of Wisconsin streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4250, iv, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034250.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":323568,"rank":102,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034250/pdf/wrir-03-4250_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1: Map of Wisconsin showing location of streamflow-gaging stations, crest-stage partial-record stations, and regulation stations","size":"709 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":323569,"rank":103,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034250/pdf/wrir-03-4250_plate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2. Map of Wisconsin showing soil permeability","size":"2,094 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":311300,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034250/pdf/wrir-03-4250.pdf"},{"id":4679,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034250/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United 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,{"id":53462,"text":"wri034238 - 2003 - Water quality and the effects of changes in phosphorus loading, Red Cedar Lakes, Barron and Washburn Counties, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:31:32","indexId":"wri034238","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4238","title":"Water quality and the effects of changes in phosphorus loading, Red Cedar Lakes, Barron and Washburn Counties, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>The Red Cedar Lakes consist of three mainstem lakes (Balsam, Hemlock and Red Cedar) on the Red Cedar River in Barron and Washburn Counties, Wisconsin. These lakes are productive because of high phosphorus loading, and classified as mesotrophic to eutrophic. Because of concerns that the water quality of these lakes was degrading, three cooperative studies were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1993 and 2003. As part of these studies, water quality in the lakes was documented in 1993?94, 1996?97, and 2000?01, and water and phosphorus budgets were constructed for water year 2001. Historical water-quality data indicated that the lakes have changed little since the late 1980s. A detailed phosphorus budget indicated that most of the 14,100 pounds of phosphorus input to the lakes during 2001 came from the upstream lakes, streams draining relatively undeveloped land upstream of Hemlock Lake, and ground water. Simulation results from two water-quality models (BATHTUB and WiLMS) indicated that about a 50-percent reduction in phosphorus loading from that measured in 2001 is required for all three lakes to be classified as mesotrophic; therefore, appreciable improvements in the water quality would require improvements in the water quality of the upstream lakes. Although the water quality of the lakes has not changed appreciably in recent years and major improvements in water quality are unlikely without major improvements to upstream lakes, continued efforts to protect the susceptible watershed are necessary to maintain the current level of water quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034238","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Red Cedar Lakes Association","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., Rose, W., and Garn, H.S., 2003, Water quality and the effects of changes in phosphorus loading, Red Cedar Lakes, Barron and Washburn Counties, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4238, viii, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034238.","productDescription":"viii, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177582,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4680,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034238/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":311302,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wrir-03-4238/pdf/wrir03-4238.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Barron County, Washburn County","otherGeospatial":"Balsam Lake, Birch Lake, Hemlock Lake, Lake Chetac, Red Cedar Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.57379150390625,\n              45.77853851177791\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.62460327148438,\n              45.727753102939744\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.65000915527342,\n              45.69994529846052\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.64932250976561,\n              45.58473142874248\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.63352966308594,\n              45.5414651417455\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.58340454101562,\n              45.52511142831731\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.53945922851562,\n              45.51693278828882\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.41998291015625,\n              45.525592487765635\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.38221740722656,\n              45.53184588624152\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.3300323486328,\n              45.545793269880924\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.30943298339844,\n              45.599146119878384\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.26411437988281,\n              45.665406015367004\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.28677368164062,\n              45.7632119374188\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.35063171386719,\n              45.78524256369046\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.49894714355469,\n              45.787636672581385\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5435791015625,\n              45.78524256369046\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.57379150390625,\n              45.77853851177791\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e490de4b07f02db56e1b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, William J. wjrose@usgs.gov","contributorId":2182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"William J.","email":"wjrose@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":247662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garn, Herbert S. hsgarn@usgs.gov","contributorId":2592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garn","given":"Herbert","email":"hsgarn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":247663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":52907,"text":"fs06303 - 2003 - Why study lakes? An overview of USGS lake studies in Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-21T14:56:58","indexId":"fs06303","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"063-03","title":"Why study lakes? An overview of USGS lake studies in Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<div data-canvas-width=\"398.65000000000003\">Wisconsin&rsquo;s 15,000 lakes are prominent features in its landscape and an important public resource. In the northern part of the State, the recent glaciation (ending about 10,000 years ago) created one of the densest clusters of lakes found anywhere in the world, containing lakes that occupy depressions in the glacial moraines and outwash deposits (fig. 1). This Northern Lakes and Forests Ecoregion contains more than 80 percent of the State&rsquo;s lakes (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 2001). South of this ecoregion, there are fewer lakes, but they still are common. Usually situated in agricultural or urban land- scapes, lakes in southern Wisconsin generally have higher levels of nutrients and alkalinity, and higher biological productivity than their northern counterparts. For most lakes in Wisconsin, phosphorus is the nutrient that limits algal growth (Lillie and Mason, 1983).</div>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs06303","usgsCitation":"Garn, H.S., Elder, J.F., and Robertson, D.M., 2003, Why study lakes? 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,{"id":53244,"text":"ofr03486 - 2003 - Intrusive rock database for the Digital Geologic Map of Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:46:22.151688","indexId":"ofr03486","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-486","title":"Intrusive rock database for the Digital Geologic Map of Utah","docAbstract":"Digital geologic maps offer the promise of rapid and powerful answers to geologic questions using Geographic Information System software (GIS). Using modern GIS and database methods, a specialized derivative map can be easily prepared. An important limitation can be shortcomings in the information provided in the database associated with the digital map, a database which is often based on the legend of the original map. The purpose of this report is to show how the compilation of additional information can, when prepared as a database that can be used with the digital map, be used to create some types of derivative maps that are not possible with the original digital map and database.\n\nThis Open-file Report consists of computer files with information about intrusive rocks in Utah that can be linked to the Digital Geologic Map of Utah (Hintze et al., 2000), an explanation of how to link the databases and map, and a list of references for the databases. The digital map, which represents the 1:500,000-scale Geologic Map of Utah (Hintze, 1980), can be obtained from the Utah Geological Survey (Map 179DM). Each polygon in the map has a unique identification number. We selected the polygons identified on the geologic map as intrusive rock, and constructed a database (UT_PLUT.xls) that classifies the polygons into plutonic map units (see tables). These plutonic map units are the key information that is used to relate the compiled information to the polygons on the map.\n\nThe map includes a few polygons that were coded as intrusive on the state map but are largely volcanic rock; in these cases we note the volcanic rock names (rhyolite and latite) as used in the original sources Some polygons identified on the digital state map as intrusive rock were misidentified; these polygons are noted in a separate table of the database, along with some information about their true character.\n\nFields may be empty because of lack of information from references used or difficulty in finding information. The information in the database is from a variety of sources, including geologic maps at scales ranging from 1:500,000 to 1:24,000, and thesis monographs. The references are shown twice: alphabetically and by region.\n\nThe digital geologic map of Utah (Hintze and others, 2000) classifies intrusive rocks into only 3 categories, distinguished by age. They are: Ti, Tertiary intrusive rock; Ji, Upper to Middle Jurassic granite to quartz monzonite; and pCi, Early Proterozoic to Late Archean intrusive rock. Use of the tables provided in this report will permit selection and classification of those rocks by lithology and age.\n\nThis database is a pilot study by the Survey and Analysis Project of the U.S. Geological Survey to characterize igneous rocks and link them to a digital map. The database, and others like it, will evolve as the project continues and other states are completed. We release this version now as an example, as a reference, and for those interested in Utah plutonic rocks.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03486","usgsCitation":"Nutt, C., and Ludington, S., 2003, Intrusive rock database for the Digital Geologic Map of Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-486, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03486.","productDescription":"41 p.","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178224,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03486.jpg"},{"id":283979,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0486/rad_age.txt"},{"id":283978,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0486/lithology.txt"},{"id":283977,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0486/correlate.txt"},{"id":283976,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0486/age_sum.txt"},{"id":283975,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0486/UT_PLUT(1.1).xls"},{"id":283974,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0486/pdf/of03-486.pdf"},{"id":4897,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0486/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-111.046551,41.251716],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-110.750727,40.996847],[-110.715026,40.996347],[-110.539819,40.996346],[-110.500718,40.994746],[-110.375714,40.994947],[-110.250709,40.996089],[-110.237848,40.995427],[-110.125709,40.99655],[-110.121639,40.997101],[-110.048476,40.997555],[-110.006495,40.997815],[-110.000708,40.997352],[-109.999838,40.99733],[-109.97553,40.997912],[-109.855299,40.997614],[-109.854302,40.997661],[-109.715409,40.998191],[-109.713877,40.998266],[-109.676421,40.998395],[-109.534926,40.998143],[-109.500694,40.999127],[-109.250735,41.001009],[-109.231985,41.002059],[-109.173682,41.000859],[-109.050076,41.000659],[-109.048455,40.826081],[-109.049088,40.714562],[-109.048373,40.662602],[-109.048249,40.653601],[-109.048044,40.619231],[-109.050074,40.540358],[-109.049955,40.539901],[-109.050698,40.499963],[-109.050314,40.495092],[-109.050946,40.444368],[-109.050969,40.222662],[-109.050973,40.180849],[-109.050944,40.180712],[-109.050813,40.059579],[-109.050873,40.058915],[-109.050615,39.87497],[-109.05104,39.660472],[-109.051363,39.497674],[-109.050765,39.366677],[-109.051512,39.126095],[-109.052436,38.999985],[-109.053292,38.942878],[-109.053233,38.942467],[-109.053797,38.905284],[-109.053943,38.904414],[-109.054189,38.874984],[-109.057388,38.795456],[-109.059541,38.719888],[-109.060253,38.599328],[-109.059962,38.499987],[-109.060062,38.275489],[-109.054648,38.244921],[-109.041762,38.16469],[-109.041837,38.153022],[-109.04282,37.999301],[-109.042819,37.997068],[-109.043121,37.97426],[-109.041058,37.907236],[-109.041653,37.88117],[-109.041844,37.872788],[-109.041723,37.842051],[-109.041754,37.835826],[-109.041461,37.800105],[-109.042098,37.74999],[-109.041636,37.74021],[-109.04176,37.713182],[-109.041732,37.711214],[-109.042269,37.666067],[-109.042089,37.623795],[-109.042131,37.617662],[-109.041806,37.604171],[-109.041865,37.530726],[-109.041915,37.530653],[-109.043137,37.499992],[-109.043464,37.484711],[-109.04581,37.374993],[-109.046039,37.249993],[-109.045584,37.249351],[-109.045487,37.210844],[-109.045978,37.201831],[-109.045995,37.177279],[-109.045156,37.112064],[-109.045203,37.111958],[-109.045173,37.109464],[-109.045189,37.096271],[-109.044995,37.086429],[-109.045058,37.074661],[-109.045166,37.072742],[-109.045223,36.999084],[-109.181196,36.999271],[-109.233848,36.999266],[-109.246917,36.999346],[-109.26339,36.999263],[-109.268213,36.999242],[-109.270097,36.999266],[-109.378039,36.999135],[-109.381226,36.999148],[-109.495338,36.999105],[-109.625668,36.998308],[-109.875673,36.998504],[-110.000677,36.997968],[-110.000876,36.998502],[-110.021778,36.998602],[-110.47019,36.997997],[-110.490908,37.003566],[-110.50069,37.00426],[-110.599512,37.003448],[-110.625605,37.003416],[-110.62569,37.003721],[-110.75069,37.003197],[-111.066496,37.002389],[-111.133718,37.000779],[-111.254853,37.001077],[-111.278286,37.000465],[-111.405517,37.001497],[-111.405869,37.001481],[-111.412784,37.001478],[-112.35769,37.001025],[-112.368946,37.001125],[-112.534545,37.000684],[-112.538593,37.000674],[-112.540368,37.000669],[-112.545094,37.000734],[-112.558974,37.000692],[-112.609787,37.000753],[-112.899366,37.000319],[-112.966471,37.000219],[-113.965907,36.999976],[-113.965907,37.000025],[-114.0506,37.000396],[-114.051749,37.088434],[-114.051822,37.090976],[-114.052827,37.103961],[-114.051867,37.134292],[-114.052179,37.14711],[-114.051673,37.172368],[-114.051405,37.233854],[-114.051974,37.283848],[-114.051974,37.284511],[-114.0518,37.293044],[-114.0518,37.293548],[-114.051927,37.370459],[-114.051927,37.370734],[-114.051765,37.418083],[-114.052448,37.43144],[-114.052701,37.492014],[-114.052685,37.502513],[-114.052718,37.517264],[-114.052689,37.517859],[-114.052962,37.592783],[-114.052472,37.604776],[-114.051728,37.745997],[-114.051785,37.746249],[-114.05167,37.746958],[-114.051109,37.756276],[-114.049919,37.765586],[-114.048473,37.809861],[-114.049677,37.823645],[-114.049928,37.852508],[-114.049658,37.881368],[-114.050423,37.999961],[-114.049903,38.148601],[-114.050138,38.24996],[-114.049417,38.2647],[-114.05012,38.404536],[-114.050091,38.404673],[-114.050485,38.499955],[-114.049834,38.543784],[-114.049862,38.547764],[-114.050154,38.57292],[-114.049883,38.677365],[-114.049749,38.72921],[-114.049168,38.749951],[-114.049465,38.874949],[-114.048521,38.876197],[-114.048054,38.878693],[-114.049104,39.005509],[-114.047079,39.499943],[-114.047728,39.542742],[-114.047273,39.759413],[-114.047783,39.79416],[-114.047214,39.821024],[-114.047134,39.906037],[-114.046555,39.996899],[-114.046835,40.030131],[-114.046386,40.097896],[-114.046741,40.104231],[-114.046683,40.116931],[-114.046153,40.231971],[-114.046178,40.398313],[-114.045826,40.424823],[-114.045218,40.430282],[-114.045518,40.494474],[-114.045577,40.495801],[-114.045281,40.506586],[-114.043505,40.726292]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,{"id":51967,"text":"wri034085 - 2003 - Bathymetric mapping, sediment quality, and water quality of Lake Delhi, Iowa, 2001-02","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-05T15:31:57.994913","indexId":"wri034085","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4085","title":"Bathymetric mapping, sediment quality, and water quality of Lake Delhi, Iowa, 2001-02","docAbstract":"<p>Lake Delhi was formed in 1929 when the Interstate Power Company dammed the Maquoketa River near Delhi, Iowa, for generation of hydroelectric power. The resulting 450-acre lake became a popular area in eastern Iowa for boating, swimming, and fishing. Hydroelectric power generation ended in 1973, and lakeside residents purchased the dam to maintain the recreational opportunities of the lake. Increasing concerns about sediment deposition and water quality by lakeside residents led to a 2-year study that included a bathymetric survey, an assessment of sediment quality, and an assessment of water quality of Lake Delhi.</p>\n<p>A bathymetric map of Lake Delhi was constructed using more than 300,000 data points from echo sounding results and GIS (geographic information system) software. Results of bathymetric mapping showed that the upstream reach through most of the upstream-middle reach of Lake Delhi (approximately 3 miles) from about 0.25 mile upstream from the Greenslades coring site through Clair View Acres were particularly affected by sedimentation, with water depths ranging from less than 1 foot to a few areas that were as much as 10 feet deep. Numerous areas in the upstream-most 1-mile of the lake (about 0.25 mile upstream from the Greenslades coring site to just downstream from The Cedars coring site) had depths of only 1 to 2 feet and were nearly impassable by boats. The middle reach of Lake Delhi (an approximately 2.5-mile segment) from about one-half mile upstream from the Linden Acres coring site to just downstream from the Hartwick Dredge coring site was less affected by sedimentation with water depths from less than 1 to 16 feet. The deepest section (26 feet) of the lake was near the dam.</p>\n<p>Eleven trace metals and phosphorus were analyzed in 20 samples from seven lake-bottom sediment cores. The median and average traceelement concentrations from the sediment cores were less than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency threshold-effects-level and probableeffects-level guidelines for toxic biological effects. Water-quality samples from eight sites (Maquoketa River, three lake sites, and four tributaries) were collected for five sampling periods (June 2001&ndash;July 2002). Water-quality samples were analyzed for physical properties (specific conductance, pH, temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and alkalinity), nutrients (nitrate, ammonia, and phosphorus), bacteria (total coliform and <i>E. coli</i>), and suspended sediment. Selected water samples were analyzed for major ions, trace elements, and pesticides.</p>\n<p>Water-quality sampling results indicate areas affected by elevated nutrient and bacteria concentrations in the lake and tributary streams. The tributary streams had the highest median nitrate concentrations (12.1 milligrams per liter) when compared to median nitrate concentrations in the lake (8.7 milligrams per liter) or the Maquoketa River (10.5 milligrams per liter). The maximum nitrate concentrations detected for Maquoketa River, lake, and tributary sites were 13.5, 13.5, and 18.6 milligrams per liter, respectively. Nitrate concentrations in the late summer decreased from 2 Bathymetric Mapping, Sediment Quality, and Water Quality of Lake Delhi, Iowa, 2001&ndash;02 the upstream (7.8 milligrams per liter) to the downstream (5.0 milligrams per liter) one-third of Lake Delhi and most likely were the result of uptake of nitrate by algae and aquatic biota in the lake. Median concentrations of total coliform and <i>E. coli</i> bacteria for the lake sites were 450 and 17 colonies per 100 milliliters of sample, respectively. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency criteria for full body contact (swimming or bathing) are 200 colonies per 100 milliliters for fecal bacteria and 126 colonies per 100 milliliters for <i>E. coli</i> bacteria. The highest bacteria concentrations in the lake occurred after a rain and were 25,000 colonies per 100 milliliters total coliform and 1,900 colonies per 100 milliliters <i>E. coli</i>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034085","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Waste Reduction Center, University of Northern Iowa, and the Lake Delhi Association","usgsCitation":"Schnoebelen, D.J., McVay, J., Barnes, K.K., and Becher, K., 2003, Bathymetric mapping, sediment quality, and water quality of Lake Delhi, Iowa, 2001-02: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4085, iv, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034085.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science 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J.","contributorId":87514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McVay, Jason C.","contributorId":75218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McVay","given":"Jason C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnes, Kimberlee K. 0000-0002-8917-7165 kkbarnes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8917-7165","contributorId":2683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Kimberlee","email":"kkbarnes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":244568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Becher, Kent 0000-0002-3947-0793 kdbecher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-0793","contributorId":3863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becher","given":"Kent","email":"kdbecher@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":244569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":53653,"text":"ofr03402 - 2003 - Archive of Boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruises 00SCC02 and 00SCC04, Barataria Basin, Louisiana, May 12-31 and June 17-July 2, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:41","indexId":"ofr03402","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-402","title":"Archive of Boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruises 00SCC02 and 00SCC04, Barataria Basin, Louisiana, May 12-31 and June 17-July 2, 2000","docAbstract":"This archive consists of two-dimensional marine seismic reflection profile data collected in the Barataria Basin of southern Louisiana. These data were acquired in May, June, and July of 2000 aboard the R/V G.K. Gilbert. Included here are data in a variety of formats including binary, ASCII, HTML, PDF, RTF, shapefiles, and GIF and JPEG images. Binary data are in SEG-Y format and may be downloaded for further processing or display. Reference maps and GIF images of the profiles may be viewed with a web browser. The GIS information provided here is compatible with ESRI GIS software.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03402","isbn":"0607954922","usgsCitation":"Calderon, K., Dadisman, S.V., Kindinger, J.L., Peery, G.M., Flocks, J.G., Wiese, D.S., Kulp, M., Penland, S., Britsch, L.D., and Brooks, G.R., 2003, Archive of Boomer seismic reflection data collected during USGS cruises 00SCC02 and 00SCC04, Barataria Basin, Louisiana, May 12-31 and June 17-July 2, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-402, 1 DVD-ROM : ill., col. maps ; 4 3/4 in. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03402.","productDescription":"1 DVD-ROM : ill., col. maps ; 4 3/4 in. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4951,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-402/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679dea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calderon, Karynna","contributorId":92739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calderon","given":"Karynna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dadisman, Shawn V. sdadisman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dadisman","given":"Shawn","email":"sdadisman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":248008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":248006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peery, Gina M.","contributorId":36621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peery","given":"Gina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wiese, Dana S. dwiese@usgs.gov","contributorId":2476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiese","given":"Dana","email":"dwiese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kulp, Mark","contributorId":77982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulp","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Penland, Shea","contributorId":88401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Penland","given":"Shea","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":248014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Britsch, Louis D.","contributorId":78024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britsch","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Brooks, Gregg R.","contributorId":10557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooks","given":"Gregg","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70221815,"text":"70221815 - 2003 - Natural remediation potential of arsenic-contaminated ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-08T12:00:49.775085","indexId":"70221815","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T16:20:42","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Natural remediation potential of arsenic-contaminated ground water","docAbstract":"<p><span>Migration of leachate from a municipal landfill in Saco, Maine has resulted in arsenic concentrations in ground water as high as&nbsp;</span>647 μg/L<span>. Laboratory experimental data indicate the primary source of arsenic to be reductive dissolution of arsenic-enriched iron oxyhydroxides in the aquifer by organic carbon in landfill leachate. A core from an uncontaminated part of the aquifer yielded no dissolved iron or arsenic when leached with oxic ground water. Eluent ground water spiked with organic carbon in order to create reducing conditions mobilized both ferrous iron and arsenite from this core. The landfill was capped in early 1998 to eliminate the source of leachate. Cores from the contaminated portion of the aquifer were collected and leached with uncontaminated ground water in the laboratory to simulate natural remediation conditions. Data from these experiments show that significant concentrations of labile organic carbon have accumulated on aquifer solids, causing significant biological oxygen demand. In laboratory leaching experiments of the most contaminated core, the organic carbon caused complete consumption of the influent dissolved oxygen (6 mg/L) for 220 pore volumes. Arsenic leaching from contaminated cores rapidly decreased in concentration initially in response to flushing with uncontaminated ground water. Subsequent leaching produced more gradual decreases in dissolved arsenic concentrations, controlled by a combination of reductive dissolution of arsenic-enriched iron oxyhydroxides and adsorption/desorption. In leachate from the most contaminatedcore, arsenic concentrations exceeded the new United States Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water standard of&nbsp;</span>10 μg/L<span>&nbsp;for more than 200 pore volumes. A geochemical model simulated the concentration of selected constituents as uncontaminated ground water eluted through contaminated aquifer solids. Concentrations of dissolved oxygen, arsenic, and iron, in leachate from one core were used to calibrate the model. This model was validated by successfully simulating constituent concentrations in leachate from cores collected from other contaminated areas of this aquifer.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arsenic in Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","usgsCitation":"Stollenwerk, K.G., and Colman, J.A., 2003, Natural remediation potential of arsenic-contaminated ground water, chap. <i>of</i> Arsenic in Ground Water, p. 351-379.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"351","endPage":"379","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Maine","city":"Saco","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.4676818847656,\n              43.45840174102617\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.37223815917966,\n              43.45840174102617\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.37223815917966,\n              43.569944310356256\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.4676818847656,\n              43.569944310356256\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.4676818847656,\n              43.45840174102617\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":818839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colman, John A. 0000-0001-9327-0779 jacolman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-0779","contributorId":2098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"John","email":"jacolman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70206341,"text":"70206341 - 2003 - Object-based inversion of crosswell radar tomography data to monitor vegetable-oil injection experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-06T22:50:07.977306","indexId":"70206341","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T16:05:47","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Object-based inversion of crosswell radar tomography data to monitor vegetable-oil injection experiment","docAbstract":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Crosswell radar tomography methods can be used to dynamically image ground-water flow and mass transport associated with tracer tests, hydraulic tests, and natural physical processes. Dynamic imaging can be used to identify preferential flow paths and to help characterize complex aquifer heterogeneity. Unfortunately, because the raypath coverage of the interwell region is limited by the borehole geometry, the tomographic inverse problem is typically underdetermined, and tomograms may contain artifacts such as spurious blurring or streaking that confuse interpretation.</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">We implement<span>&nbsp;</span><i>object-based inversion</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(using a constrained, non-linear, least-squares algorithm) as an alternative to pixel-based inversion approaches that utilize regularization (such as damping or smoothing criteria). Our approach requires pre- and post-injection travel-time data. Parameterization of the image plane comprises a small number of objects rather than a large number of pixels, resulting in an overdetermined problem that reduces the need for prior information. The nature and geometry of the objects are based on hydrologic insight into aquifer characteristics, the nature of the experiment, and the planned use of the geophysical results.</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">The object-based inversion approach is demonstrated using synthetic and crosswell radar field data acquired during vegetable-oil injection experiments at a site in Fridley, Minnesota. The region where oil has displaced ground water is discretized as a stack of rectangles of variable horizontal extents. The inversion provides the geometry of the affected region and an estimate of the radar slowness change for each rectangle. Applying petrophysical models to these results and porosity from neutron logs, we estimate that the vegetable-oil emulsion saturation in various layers ranges from 60 to 90%. Further work is needed to assess the accuracy of the emulsion saturation estimates.</span></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">Using synthetic- and field-data examples, the object-based inversion approach is shown to be an effective strategy for inverting crosswell radar tomography data acquired to monitor the emplacement of vegetable-oil emulsions. A principal advantage of object-based inversion is that it yields images that hydrologists and engineers can easily interpret and use for model calibration.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP)","conferenceDate":"April 6-10, 2003","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio TX","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society","usgsCitation":"Lane, J., Day-Lewis, F.D., Roelof J. Versteeg, and Casey, C., 2003, Object-based inversion of crosswell radar tomography data to monitor vegetable-oil injection experiment, <i>in</i> Proceedings: Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP), San Antonio TX, April 6-10, 2003, 27 p.","productDescription":"27 p.","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368765,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/bgas/publications/SAGEEP03_Lane/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roelof J. Versteeg","contributorId":199895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roelof J. Versteeg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casey, C.C.","contributorId":10206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casey","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70206340,"text":"70206340 - 2003 - Continuous-resistivity profiling for coastal ground-water investigations: Three case studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-30T16:02:42","indexId":"70206340","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T15:52:26","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Continuous-resistivity profiling for coastal ground-water investigations: Three case studies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Continuous-resistivity profiling (CRP) was used at three sites to investigate submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and to delineate the subsurface saltwater/freshwater interface. At the first site, in Georgetown, South Carolina, CRP was used to locate possible areas of SGD in the Winyah Bay estuary. The data show evidence of SGD in the Pee Dee River, feeding into Winyah Bay, at approximately the location of the forest/marsh boundary. In Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts, CRP was used to further map the extent of SGD already measured by sea floor seepage meters and to delineate the subsurface saltwater/freshwater boundary. The data show evidence for a focused groundwater plume beneath the bay that may extend 350 meters (m) out from the shore. Finally, CRP was used in Orleans, Massachusetts, to verify a groundwater model prediction of freshwater-saturated sediments underlying an area of Cape Cod Bay, just west of Rock Harbor. The data support the prediction of freshwater-saturated sediments beneath the bay. Results from all three sites show the value of CRP in coastal groundwater investigations.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings: Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP)","conferenceDate":"April 6-10, 2003","conferenceLocation":"San Antonio TX","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society","usgsCitation":"Belaval, M., Lane, J., Lesmes, D., and Kineke, G.C., 2003, Continuous-resistivity profiling for coastal ground-water investigations: Three case studies, <i>in</i> Proceedings: Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP), San Antonio TX, April 6-10, 2003, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":494,"text":"Office of Groundwater","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368763,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/bgas/publications/SAGEEP03_Belaval/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, South Carolina","city":"Orleans","otherGeospatial":"Waquoit Bay, Winyah Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -69.99046325683594,\n              41.78206502192826\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.95269775390624,\n              41.78206502192826\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.95269775390624,\n              41.81738473661011\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.99046325683594,\n              41.81738473661011\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.99046325683594,\n              41.78206502192826\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.53385734558105,\n              41.54764462357737\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.51179885864258,\n              41.54764462357737\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.51179885864258,\n              41.580139904121495\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.53385734558105,\n              41.580139904121495\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.53385734558105,\n              41.54764462357737\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.30343627929688,\n              33.195029344358204\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.16404724121094,\n              33.195029344358204\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.16404724121094,\n              33.416541094124085\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.30343627929688,\n              33.416541094124085\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.30343627929688,\n              33.195029344358204\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belaval, Marcel 0000-0002-4049-6798","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-6798","contributorId":207205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belaval","given":"Marcel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37476,"text":"U.S. EPA, Region 1","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":774213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lesmes, David P.","contributorId":220129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lesmes","given":"David P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kineke, G. C.","contributorId":48122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kineke","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":774216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70205798,"text":"70205798 - 2003 - Application of artificial neural networks to complex groundwater management problems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-03T13:30:09","indexId":"70205798","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T13:23:28","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2832,"text":"Natural Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1573-8981","printIssn":"1520-7439","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of artificial neural networks to complex groundwater management problems","docAbstract":"<p><span>As water quantity and quality problems become increasingly severe, accurate prediction and effective management of scarcer water resources will become critical. In this paper, the successful application of artificial neural network (ANN) technology is described for three types of groundwater prediction and management problems. In the first example, an ANN was trained with simulation data from a physically based numerical model to predict head (groundwater elevation) at locations of interest under variable pumping and climate conditions. The ANN achieved a high degree of predictive accuracy, and its derived state-transition equations were embedded into a multiobjective optimization formulation and solved to generate a trade-off curve depicting water supply in relation to contamination risk. In the second and third examples, ANNs were developed with real-world hydrologic and climate data for different hydrogeologic environments. For the second problem, an ANN was developed using data collected for a 5-year, 8-month period to predict heads in a multilayered surficial and limestone aquifer system under variable pumping, state, and climate conditions. Using weekly stress periods, the ANN substantially outperformed a well-calibrated numerical flow model for the 71-day validation period, and provided insights into the effects of climate and pumping on water levels. For the third problem, an ANN was developed with data collected automatically over a 6-week period to predict hourly heads in 11 high-capacity public supply wells tapping a semiconfined bedrock aquifer and subject to large well-interference effects. Using hourly stress periods, the ANN accurately predicted heads for 24-hour periods in all public supply wells. These test cases demonstrate that the ANN technology can solve a variety of complex groundwater management problems and overcome many of the problems and limitations associated with traditional physically based flow models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/B:NARR.0000007808.11860.7e","usgsCitation":"Coppola, E., Poulton, M., Charles, E.G., Dustman, J., and Szidarovszky, F., 2003, Application of artificial neural networks to complex groundwater management problems: Natural Resources Research, v. 12, no. 4, p. 303-320, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:NARR.0000007808.11860.7e.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"320","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367974,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coppola, Emery Jr.","contributorId":219496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coppola","given":"Emery","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poulton, Mary","contributorId":219497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poulton","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charles, Emmanuel G. 0000-0002-3338-4958 echarles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3338-4958","contributorId":4280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charles","given":"Emmanuel","email":"echarles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dustman, John","contributorId":219498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dustman","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Szidarovszky, F.","contributorId":30457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szidarovszky","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70206234,"text":"70206234 - 2003 - Hydraulic logging methods - A summary and field demonstration in Conyers, Rockdale County, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-25T11:47:26","indexId":"70206234","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T11:21:24","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Hydraulic logging methods - A summary and field demonstration in Conyers, Rockdale County, Georgia","docAbstract":"<p>Geophysical surveying techniques provide important information for ground-water investigations (Zohdy and others, 1974; Keys, 1997; Haeni and others, 2001). Subsurface-geophysical methods are used to delineate and characterize hydraulically active zones; the extent of contamination, and contaminant sources; identify geologic features; optimize monitoring well placement; and guide remediation efforts. Borehole-geophysical methods provide information about the physical, chemical, and hydraulic properties of rock, sediments, and fluids in the subsurface and provide important information on subsurface bedrock structures including lithology, rock fabric, location, orientation, and hydraulic properties of fractures (Keys, 1990). Effective use of geophysical data requires that the data be interpreted in the context of known local and regional geology and hydrogeology. In addition, because of the complexity and heterogeneity of crystalline-rock aquifers, a suite of borehole geophysical methods is used to determine the location, extent, and nature of fractures and other structural features in the bedrock aquifer. The geophysical data from each borehole and method are analyzed together to provide an integrated interpretation, thereby reducing the ambiguity that can occur by interpreting each geophysical log individually (Shapiro and others, 1999). Previous work using borehole geophysics to characterize ground-water availability in crystalline rock aquifers includes Chapman and Lane (1996), Mack and others (1998), and Johnson and others (1999). Other investigations that focused on contamination in fractured-rock aquifers used geophysical methods to relate highly transmissive features to structural features in the bedrock (Hansen and Lane, 1995; and Lane and others, 2002). </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources, Environmental Protection Division, Georgia Geologic Survey","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C.D., and Williams, J., 2003, Hydraulic logging methods - A summary and field demonstration in Conyers, Rockdale County, Georgia, p. 40-47.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"47","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Atlanta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.6881103515625,\n              33.527658137677335\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.08935546875,\n              33.527658137677335\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.08935546875,\n              33.96614226559745\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.6881103515625,\n              33.96614226559745\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.6881103515625,\n              33.527658137677335\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":773894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70221234,"text":"ds62F - 2003 - Global GIS database. Digital atlas of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10T15:28:43.893893","indexId":"ds62F","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T09:24:54","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"62","chapter":"F","title":"Global GIS database. Digital atlas of North America","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds62F","usgsCitation":"Hearn, P., 2003, Global GIS database. Digital atlas of North America: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 62, CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds62F.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502696,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0062/USGS_DDS62F.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":386287,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, Paul phearn@usgs.gov","contributorId":176504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"Paul","email":"phearn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":817158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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