{"pageNumber":"1029","pageRowStart":"25700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":70228910,"text":"70228910 - 2003 - Quaternary vegetation and climate change in the western United States: Developments, perspectives, and prospects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-24T14:31:31.345977","indexId":"70228910","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T08:26:25","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5919,"text":"Developments in Quaternary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary vegetation and climate change in the western United States: Developments, perspectives, and prospects","docAbstract":"<p><span>This chapter explores the strengths and shortcomings of the major sources of data on Quaternary vegetation and climate change and discusses the use of models as a means to explore past and potential future environmental changes. The flora and major vegetation types of the western United States are present for several million years. Ongoing changes in&nbsp;</span>atmospheric chemistry<span>, climate, and human activities may lead to major vegetation changes over the coming decades to centuries. The combination of observations from the paleoenvironmental record, modern ecological studies, and modeling now permit assessments of the magnitude of potential future changes in the context of natural variability. They also provide opportunities for hypothesis testing and identification of the processes driving past changes in vegetation and climate. Understanding the dynamics of paleoenvironmental change can contribute to current conservation and&nbsp;natural resource management&nbsp;efforts and will help conservation and natural resource managers anticipate the potential rate, magnitude, and complexity of future vegetation change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01018-2","usgsCitation":"Thompson, R.S., Shafer, S., Strickland, L.E., Van De Water, P.K., and Anderson, K.H., 2003, Quaternary vegetation and climate change in the western United States: Developments, perspectives, and prospects: Developments in Quaternary Sciences, v. 1, p. 403-426, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01018-2.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"403","endPage":"426","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.98046874999999,\n              28.459033019728043\n            ],\n            [\n              -100,\n              28.459033019728043\n            ],\n            [\n              -100,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.98046874999999,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.98046874999999,\n              28.459033019728043\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Robert S. 0000-0001-9287-2954 rthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-2954","contributorId":891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Robert","email":"rthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shafer, Sarah 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":149866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strickland, Laura E. 0000-0002-1958-7273 lstrickland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-7273","contributorId":4682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strickland","given":"Laura","email":"lstrickland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van De Water, Peter K.","contributorId":51484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van De Water","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Katherine H. 0000-0003-2677-6109","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-6109","contributorId":52556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":835867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":76850,"text":"b2210 - 2003 - Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":53196,"text":"b2210A - 2003 - Environmental controls on water quality: Case studies from Battle Mountain mining district, north-central Nevada","indexId":"b2210A","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Environmental controls on water quality: Case studies from Battle Mountain mining district, north-central Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76850,"text":"b2210 - 2003 - Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","indexId":"b2210","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":53197,"text":"b2210C - 2003 - Leaching, transport, and methylation of mercury in and around abandoned mercury mines in the Humboldt River basin and surrounding areas, Nevada","indexId":"b2210C","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Leaching, transport, and methylation of mercury in and around abandoned mercury mines in the Humboldt River basin and surrounding areas, Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76850,"text":"b2210 - 2003 - Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","indexId":"b2210","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":53545,"text":"b2210D - 2003 - Historic mills and mill tailings as potential sources of contamination in and near the Humboldt River basin, northern Nevada","indexId":"b2210D","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Historic mills and mill tailings as potential sources of contamination in and near the Humboldt River basin, northern Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76850,"text":"b2210 - 2003 - Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","indexId":"b2210","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":54004,"text":"b2210E - 2003 - Overview of mine drainage geochemistry at historical mines, Humboldt River basin and adjacent mining areas, Nevada","indexId":"b2210E","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Overview of mine drainage geochemistry at historical mines, Humboldt River basin and adjacent mining areas, Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76850,"text":"b2210 - 2003 - Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","indexId":"b2210","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":73193,"text":"b2210F - 2006 - A data viewer for stream-sediment and surface-water chemistry, geology, and geography of the Humboldt River basin, northern Nevada","indexId":"b2210F","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"A data viewer for stream-sediment and surface-water chemistry, geology, and geography of the Humboldt River basin, northern Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76850,"text":"b2210 - 2003 - Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","indexId":"b2210","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":76797,"text":"b2210B - 2006 - Hydrogeochemical investigations in the Osgood Mountains, north-central Nevada","indexId":"b2210B","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Hydrogeochemical investigations in the Osgood Mountains, north-central Nevada"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":76850,"text":"b2210 - 2003 - Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","indexId":"b2210","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada"},"id":6}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:08","indexId":"b2210","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2210","title":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","docAbstract":"Northern Nevada is one of the world's foremost regions of gold production. The Humboldt River Basin (HRB) covers 43,500 km2 in northern Nevada (Crompton, 1995), and it is home to approximately 18 active gold and silver mines (Driesner and Coyner, 2001) among at least 55 significant metallic mineral deposits (Long and others, 1998). Many of the gold mines are along the Carlin trend in the east-central portion of the HRB, and together they have produced 50 million ounces of gold from 1962 (when the Carlin mine first opened) through April 2002 (Nevada Mining Association, 2002). Mining is not new to the region, however. Beginning in 1849, mining has taken place in numerous districts that cover 39 percent of the land area in the HRB (Tingley, 1998). In addition to gold and silver, As, Ba, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, Mn, Mo, Pb, S, Sb, V, W, Zn, and industrial commodities such as barite, limestone, fluorite, sand and gravel, gypsum, gemstones, pumice, zeolites, and building stone, have been extracted from the HRB (McFaul and others, 2000). All papers within this series of investigations can be found as lettered chapters of USGS Bulletin 2210, Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada. Each chapter is available separately online. The data and software utilized in this product (Chapter F) permit the user to view and analyze the geographic relationships among chemistry of stream sediments and surface waters, geology, and various cartographic base information such as but not limited to cities, county boundaries, and land ownership. Data for this product were compiled and or produced as part of a mineral and environmental assessment of the Humboldt River basin conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1995 - 2000.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b2210","usgsCitation":"Stillings, L., 2003, Geoenvironmental Investigations of the Humboldt River Basin, Northern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2210, Chapters A-F, variously paginated, https://doi.org/10.3133/b2210.","productDescription":"Chapters A-F, variously paginated","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":115714,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-a/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115715,"rank":102,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-c/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115716,"rank":103,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-d/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115717,"rank":104,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115718,"rank":105,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2210-f/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":115719,"rank":101,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2210/b/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9bd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stillings, Lisa L. 0000-0002-9011-8891 stilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-8891","contributorId":3143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillings","given":"Lisa L.","email":"stilling@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":288005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185153,"text":"70185153 - 2003 - The behavior of U- and Th-series nuclides in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T13:12:34","indexId":"70185153","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3281,"text":"Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The behavior of U- and Th-series nuclides in groundwater","docAbstract":"<p><span>Groundwater has long been an active area of research driven by its importance both as a societal resource and as a component in the global hydrological cycle. Key issues in groundwater research include inferring rates of transport of chemical constituents, determining the ages of groundwater, and tracing water masses using chemical fingerprints. While information on the trace elements pertinent to these topics can be obtained from aquifer tests using experimentally introduced tracers, and from laboratory experiments on aquifer materials, these studies are necessarily limited in time and space. Regional studies of aquifers can focus on greater scales and time periods, but must contend with greater complexities and variations. In this regard, the isotopic systematics of the naturally occurring radionuclides in the U- and Th- decay series have been invaluable in investigating aquifer behavior of U, Th, and Ra. These nuclides are present in all groundwaters and are each represented by several isotopes with very different half-lives, so that processes occurring over a range of time-scales can be studied (Table 1</span><a id=\"xref-table-wrap-1-1\" class=\"xref-down-link\" href=\"http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/52/1/317#T1\" data-mce-href=\"http://rimg.geoscienceworld.org/content/52/1/317#T1\"><span>⇓</span></a><span>). Within the host aquifer minerals, the radionuclides in each decay series are generally expected to be in secular equilibrium and so have equal activities (see </span>Bourdon et al. 2003<span>). In contrast, these nuclides exhibit strong relative fractionations within the surrounding groundwaters that reflect contrasting behavior during release into the water and during interaction with the surrounding host aquifer rocks. Radionuclide data can be used, within the framework of models of the processes involved, to obtain quantitative assessments of radionuclide release from aquifer rocks and groundwater migration rates. The isotopic variations that are generated also have the potential for providing fingerprints for groundwaters from specific aquifer environments, and have even been explored as a means for calculating groundwater ages.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":" Mineralogical Society of America (MSA) and the Geochemical Society","doi":"10.2113/0520317","usgsCitation":"Porcelli, D., and Swarzenski, P., 2003, The behavior of U- and Th-series nuclides in groundwater: Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, v. 52, no. 1, p. 317-361, https://doi.org/10.2113/0520317.","productDescription":"45 p.","startPage":"317","endPage":"361","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52d1e4b0849ce97c86d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porcelli, D.","contributorId":35912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcelli","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swarzenski, P.W. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":29487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187855,"text":"70187855 - 2003 - Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets  and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-23T08:14:36","indexId":"70187855","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets  and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Kittlitz's murrelet (<i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i>) is a rare seabird that nests in alpine terrain and generally forages near tidewater glaciers during the breeding season. More than 95% of the global population breeds in Alaska, with the remainder occurring in the Russian Far East. A global population estimate using best-available data in the early 1990s was 20,000 individuals. However, survey data from two core areas (Prince William Sound and Glacier Bay) suggest that populations have declined by 80-90% during the past 10-20 years. In response to these declines, a coalition of environmental groups petitioned the USFWS in May of 2001 to list the Kittlitz’s murrelet under the Endangered Species Act. In 2002, we began a three-year project to examine population status and trend of Kittlitz’s Murrelets in areas where distribution and abundance are poorly known. Here we report on the first field season, focused on the south coast of the Kenai Peninsula. We re-surveyed selected historical transects to evaluate trends, and surveyed new transects for improved population estimation during early July 2002. From a total of 66 Kittlitz’s Murrelets seen on transects, we estimate a total population of 509 Kittlitz’s Murrelets along the south coast of the Kenai Peninsula. Comparisons with past surveys suggest a decline of 83% since 1976, with an average rate of decline calculated as–6.9 % per annum. This decline is in agreement with population declines observed elsewhere in the species’ core glaciated range, indicating that steep population declines observed to date are likely to be a range-wide phenomenon. While the focus of the study was Kittlitz’s Murrelets, other species of marine birds and mammals were also surveyed. Populations of the closely related Marbled Murrelet appear to have increased during the same time period. The abundance and distribution of other species are presented in appendices.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"van Pelt, T.I., and Piatt, J.F., 2003, Population status of Kittlitz's and Marbled Murrelets  and surveys for other marine bird and mammal species in the Kenai Fjords area, Alaska, 65 p.","productDescription":"65 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.3251953125,\n              58.92733441827545\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.7890625,\n              58.92733441827545\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.7890625,\n              62.79493487887006\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.3251953125,\n              62.79493487887006\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.3251953125,\n              58.92733441827545\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59254a6fe4b0b7ff9fb361bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Pelt, Thomas I.","contributorId":13392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Pelt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187861,"text":"70187861 - 2003 - A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-11T16:04:27","indexId":"70187861","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Genetic data are needed to aid in restoring several species of seabirds to the Gulf of Alaska. We analyzed sequence variation in mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA and nuclear introns in samples of commom murres (<i>Uria aalge</i>), pigeon guillemots (<i>Cepphus columba</i>) and marbled murrelets (<i>Brachyramphus marmoratus</i>) from throughout the North Pacific. Data were analyzed using traditional approaches, nested clade analyses and assignment tests. No cryptic species were found, and there was no strong evidence for inbreeding, low genetic variation, or souce or sink regions in any them. Pacific common murres constitute a single genetic management unit (MU), but hybridization occurs between common and thick-billed murres (<i>U. lomvia</i>). In contrast, gene flow in pigeon guillemots is very restricted and population genetic structure is very strong; guillemots from the spill area are part of a MU that extends from the Alaska Peninsula to somewhere between Prince William Sound and Vancouver Island. Marbled murrelets in the spill area are part of a MU that extends from the Alaska Peninsula to at least British Columbia; tree- and ground-nesting murrelets are not genetically differentiated. Little if any hybridization occurs between marbled and Kittlitz's murrelets.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"<i>Exxon Valdez</i> Oil Spill Trustee Council","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Friesen, V.L., and Piatt, J.F., 2003, A genetic study to aid in restoration of murres, guillemots and murrelets to the Gulf of Alaska, 119 p.","productDescription":"119 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342361,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evostc.state.ak.us/index.cfm?FA=searchresults.projectInfo&Project_ID=610"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","publicComments":"Final Report: <i>Exxon Valdez</i> Oil Spill Restoration Project 00169","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59254a6fe4b0b7ff9fb361bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friesen, Vicki L.","contributorId":59407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friesen","given":"Vicki","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70188358,"text":"70188358 - 2003 - Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T10:10:00","indexId":"70188358","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses ","docAbstract":"<p>Microsatellite allelic and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype diversity are analyzed in eight rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) collections: two from tributaries flowing into the upper Santa Ynez River watershed at Gibraltar Reservoir (Camuesa and Gidney creeks); three from tributaries between Gibraltar and Jameson reservoirs (Fox, Blue Canyon, and Alder creeks); one from a tributary above Jameson Reservoir (Juncal Creek); Jameson Reservoir; and one from the mainstem Santa Ynez River above the Jameson Reservoir. Both analyses reveal a high degree of population structure. Thirteen microsatellite loci are amplified from 376 fish. Population pairwise comparisons show significant differences in allelic frequency among all populations with the exception of Juncal Creek and Jameson Reservoir (p = 0.4). Pairwise<i> F<sub>st</sub></i> values range from 0.001 (Juncal Creek and Jameson Reservoir) to 0.17 (Camuesa and Juncal creeks) with an overall value of 0.021. Regression analyses (Slatkin 1993) supports an isolation-bydistance model in the five populations below Jameson Reservoir (intercept = 1.187, slope = -0.41, r2 = 0.67). A neighbor-joining bootstrap value of 100% (based on 2000 replicate trees) separates the populations sampled above and below Juncal Dam. </p><p>Composite haplotypes from 321 fish generated using mtDNA sequence data (Dloop) reveal four previously described haplotypes (MYS1, MYS3, MYS5 and MYS8; Nielsen et al. 1994a), and one (MYS5) was found in all populations. Mean haplotype diversity is 0.48. Pairwise <i>F<sub>st</sub></i> values from mtDNA range from -0.019 to 0.530 (0.177 over all populations) and are larger than those for microsatellites in 26 of 28 pairwise comparisons. In addition, the mtDNA and microsatellites provide contrasting evidence of the relationship of Fox and Alder creeks to the other six populations. Discrepancies between the two markers are likely due to the unique properties of the two marker types and their value in revealing historic (mtDNA) versus contemporary (microsatellites) genetic relationships. The contrasting results may indicate how relationships among the upper Santa Ynez River populations have changed since the installation of Juncal Dam. </p><p>Comparisons of mtDNA haplotype frequencies from fish collected for this study with samples analyzed previously in JLN’s laboratory (1993) reveal significant differences in mtDNA haplotypes for Fox and Alder creeks. In the 2001 samples from this study, there is a loss of three haplotypes despite larger sample sizes. AMOVA analysis of what we term “upper” (Alder, Fox, Blue Canyon, Camuesa, Gidney creeks and the upper Santa Ynez mainstem) and “lower” (Hilton, Salsipuedes and the lower mainstem Santa Ynez River) Santa Ynez River populations (1993-2001) reveal that 11% of the variance in haplotypes is found between the upper and lower drainage. A comparison of the mtDNA data from this study with those available for southern California coastal and California hatchery<i> O. mykiss</i> populations yields <i>F<sub>st</sub></i> values of 0.15 and 0.47, respectively. Differentiation of mtDNA haplotypes for population pairs of Santa Ynez River and hatchery fish show no significant differentiation between wild and at least one hatchery strain in Cachuma Reservoir, Hilton Creek, and the Lower Santa Ynez River. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Nielsen, J.L., Zimmerman, C.E., Olsen, J.B., Wiacek, T., Kretschmer, E., Greenwald, G.M., and Wenburg, J.K., 2003, Population genetic structure of Santa Ynez rainbow trout – 2001 based on microsatellite and mtDNA analyses , 29 p.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Ynes River drainage","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": 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M.","contributorId":192688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwald","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wenburg, John K.","contributorId":174634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wenburg","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5128,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70197328,"text":"70197328 - 2003 - Ophiolite and volcanic arc assemblages on the Vizcaino Peninsula and Cedros Island region, Baja California Sur, Mexico: Mesozoic forearc lithosphere of the Cordilleran magmatic arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-29T16:15:39","indexId":"70197328","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ophiolite and volcanic arc assemblages on the Vizcaíno Peninsula and Cedros Island region, Baja California Sur, Mexico: Mesozoic forearc lithosphere of the Cordilleran magmatic arc","title":"Ophiolite and volcanic arc assemblages on the Vizcaino Peninsula and Cedros Island region, Baja California Sur, Mexico: Mesozoic forearc lithosphere of the Cordilleran magmatic arc","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mesozoic ophiolites in the Vizcaíno Peninsula and Cedros Island region of Baja California Sur are suprasubduction zone Cordilleran-type ophiolites structurally juxtaposed with underlying high pressure-temperature subduction complex assemblages. The region is divided into three separate tectonostratigraphic terranes, but here we recognize stratigraphic, intrusive, and petrologie links between these terranes and interpret the evolution of the entire region within the same Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous tectonic framework. Several phases of extension are recognized, including two major phases that resulted in development of distinct ophiolite assemblages. The Late Triassic Vizcaine Peninsula Ophiolite (221 ± 2 Ma) represents the earliest stage of this history and comprises a complete spreading center sequence with depleted upper mantle and mafie crustal rocks, including sheeted dike complex, Jurassic are magmatic rocks with low-Ti are tholelite and boninite geochemical affinities were intruded through and constructed on the Triassic ophiolite basement. Ultra-depleted are-ankaramites on Cedros Island may represent an initial phase of are rifting that was followed by major Middle Jurassic extension and production of the Cedros Island Ophiolite (173 ± 2 Ma). The Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Coloradito and Eugenia Formations contain mudflows and olistostrome blocks intercalated with are volcanogenic sediment and rift-related pillow lavas; these units record extension and/or transtension and provide the earliest definite evidence of are-continent interaction in the region.</span></p><p><span>Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous are plutonic rocks (ca. 165-135 Ma) were shallowly intruded into low greenschist-facies ophiolite and are volcanic basement. Plutonic rocks range in composition from gabbro to granodiorite, but tonalite dominates. These intrusions are typical I-type Cordilleran batholithic rocks with relatively primitive are geochemical affinities (initial Sr</span><span>87</span><span>/</span><span>86</span><span>Sr range from ~0.704 to 0.706), but they are distinctly calcic in nature, a feature common to the adjacent Cretaceous Peninsular Ranges batholith.</span></p><p><span>The Vizca</span><span>í</span><span>no-Cedros region correlates to ophiolitic terranes of the western Sierra Klamath belt and Coast Ranges of California and Oregon that were constructed in part across the North American margin. Age, stratigraphic, and petrochemical data from the Vizca</span><span>í</span><span>no-Cedros region support previously proposed forearc rifting models developed for the U.S. sector of the Cordilleran orogen that interpret the ophiolite assemblages as autochthonous or parautochthonous forearc lithosphere constructed outboard of the Mesozoic continental margin arc.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Tectonic evolution of northwestern Mexico and the southwestern USA","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"Kimbrough, D., and Moore, T.E., 2003, Ophiolite and volcanic arc assemblages on the Vizcaino Peninsula and Cedros Island region, Baja California Sur, Mexico: Mesozoic forearc lithosphere of the Cordilleran magmatic arc: GSA Special Papers, v. 374, p. 43-71.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"71","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354547,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"374","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b1584f0e4b092d9651e210f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kimbrough, D.L.","contributorId":25332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimbrough","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457 tmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":1033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas","email":"tmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":736688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189376,"text":"70189376 - 2003 - Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Youghiogheny River Basin, Pennsylvania, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-11T18:39:48","indexId":"70189376","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Youghiogheny River Basin, Pennsylvania, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Nighttime high-resolution airborne thermal infrared imagery (TIR) data were collected in the predawn hours during Feb 5-8 and March 11-12, 1999, from a helicopter platform for 72.4 km of the Youghiogheny River, from Connellsville to McKeesport, in southwestern Pennsylvania. The TIR data were used to identify sources of mine drainage from abandoned mines that discharge directly into the Youghiogheny River. Image-processing and geographic information systems (GIS) techniques were used to identify 70 sites within the study area as possible mine drainage sources. The combination of GIS datasets and the airborne TIR data provided a fast and accurate method to target the possible sources. After field reconnaissance, it was determined that 24 of the 70 sites were mine drainage. This paper summarizes: the procedures used to process the TIR data and extract potential mine-drainage sites; methods used for verification of the TIR data; a discussion of factors affecting the TIR data; and a brief summary of water quality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10230-003-0006-y","usgsCitation":"Sams, J.I., Veloski, G., and Ackman, T., 2003, Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Youghiogheny River Basin, Pennsylvania, USA: Mine Water and the Environment, s10230-003-0006-y; 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-003-0006-y.","productDescription":"s10230-003-0006-y; 10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Allegheny County, Fayette County, 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,{"id":70189382,"text":"70189382 - 2003 - Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Kettle Creek and Cooks Run Basins, Pennsylvania, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-12T08:53:42","indexId":"70189382","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Kettle Creek and Cooks Run Basins, Pennsylvania, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>High-resolution airborne thermal infrared (TIR) imagery data were collected over 90.6 km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(35 mi</span><sup>2</sup><span>) of remote and rugged terrain in the Kettle Creek and Cooks Run Basins, tributaries of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in north-central Pennsylvania. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of TIR for identifying sources of acid mine drainage (AMD) associated with abandoned coal mines. Coal mining from the late 1800s resulted in many AMD sources from abandoned mines in the area. However, very little detailed mine information was available, particularly on the source locations of AMD sites. Potential AMD sources were extracted from airborne TIR data employing custom image processing algorithms and GIS data analysis. Based on field reconnaissance of 103 TIR anomalies, 53 sites (51%) were classified as AMD. The AMD sources had low pH (&lt;4) and elevated concentrations of iron and aluminum. Of the 53 sites, approximately 26 sites could be correlated with sites previously documented as AMD. The other 27 mine discharges identified in the TIR data were previously undocumented. This paper presents a summary of the procedures used to process the TIR data and extract potential mine drainage sites, methods used for field reconnaissance and verification of TIR data, and a brief summary of water-quality data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10230-003-0005-z","usgsCitation":"Sams, J.I., and Veloski, G., 2003, Evaluation of airborne thermal infrared imagery for locating mine drainage sites in the Lower Kettle Creek and Cooks Run Basins, Pennsylvania, USA: Mine Water and the Environment, v. 22, no. 2, p. 85-93, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-003-0005-z.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"93","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Clinton County","otherGeospatial":" Cooks Run Basin, Lower Kettle 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,{"id":70195628,"text":"70195628 - 2003 - Late Eocene impacts: Geologic record, correlation, and paleoenvironmental consequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T14:24:04","indexId":"70195628","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Late Eocene impacts: Geologic record, correlation, and paleoenvironmental consequences","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present new magnetostratigraphic and stable isotopic (</span><span>\uD835\uDF39</span><span>18</span><span>C, \uD835\uDF39</span><span>13</span><span>C</span><span>carb</span><span>) data to help improve correlations among three late Eocene impact craters and their inferred breccia and ejecta deposits. Our analyses also shed light on potential global environmental consequences attributable to the impacts. The new data come from a continuously cored interval of the subsurface Chickahominy Formation, which lies conformably above the Chesapeake Bay impact crater in southeastern Virginia. The new magnetostratigraphic data indicate that the Chesapeake Bay impact took place in Chron C16n. 2n, the same magnetochron that encompasses the late Eocene ejecta layer at </span><span>Massignano, Italy. This correlation places both the Chesapeake Bay impact and the Massignano ejecta at ~35.6 Ma, and resolves a previous miscorrelation between these two sites based on planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils. The new magnetostratigraphic correlations also suggest that the published magnetostratigraphic framework for ejecta-bearing late Eocene strata ar ODP Site 689B (Maud Rise) is incorrect, due to an incomplete section.</span></p><p><span>New \uD835\uDF39</span><span>18</span><span>C data (single species of benthic foraminifera) from the same Chickahominy section ar Chesapeake Bay indicate that successional intervals of warm oceanic bottom-water may be characteristic of the late Eocene. We infer that the warm intervals correlate with successive episodes of greenhouse warming, triggered in part by a comer shower, which produced the Chesapeake Bay, Toms Canyon, Popigai, and presumably additional (as yet undiscovered) late Eocene impact craters.&nbsp;</span></p><p><span>We also demonstrate that a marked negative execution of \uD835\uDF39</span><span>13</span><span>C</span><span>carb</span><span> persists through the upper half of the Chickahominy Formation. This excursion, also recorded at Massigno, at Bath Cliff, Barbados, and at other widespread localities in the world ocean, may be additional evidence of global-scale, long-term environmental disturbances related to the bolide impacts. As such, this &nbsp;\uD835\uDF39</span><span>13</span><span>C signal may be useful for global subdivision of the late Eocene stratigraphic record.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"From Greenhouse to Icehouse","language":"English","publisher":"Columbia University Press","isbn":"9780231127165","usgsCitation":"Poag, C.W., Mankinen, E.A., and Norris, R.D., 2003, Late Eocene impacts: Geologic record, correlation, and paleoenvironmental consequences, chap. <i>of</i> From Greenhouse to Icehouse, p. 495-510.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"510","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351937,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cup.columbia.edu/book/from-greenhouse-to-icehouse/9780231127165"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff0903e4b0da30c1bfced6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poag, C. Wylie 0000-0002-6240-4065 wpoag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6240-4065","contributorId":2565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poag","given":"C.","email":"wpoag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wylie","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norris, Richard D.","contributorId":51651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":729462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70221244,"text":"ds62G - 2003 - Global GIS database. Digital atlas of Europe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10T15:30:54.665979","indexId":"ds62G","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-30T09:29:35","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"62","chapter":"G","title":"Global GIS database. Digital atlas of Europe","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds62G","usgsCitation":"United States Geological Survey, 2003, Global GIS database. Digital atlas of Europe: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 62, CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds62G.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502698,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0062/USGS_DDS62G.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":386288,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Europe","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"United States Geological Survey","contributorId":128013,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"United States Geological Survey","id":817159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70263738,"text":"70263738 - 2003 - A strategy for mapping mid-scale existing vegetation in support of national fire fuel assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-20T17:32:19.678199","indexId":"70263738","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T11:28:29","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A strategy for mapping mid-scale existing vegetation in support of national fire fuel assessment","docAbstract":"<p>Geospatial distribution of natural vegetation is among the very important environmental parameters required for applications ranging from global climate change to monitoring of natural hazards, monitoring of ecosystem vitality, and fire management practices. Increasingly sophisticated applications require vegetation datasets to cover large areas at a suitable scale and provide sufficiently detailed information. In this paper, we describe a research effort to develop a remote sensing methodology capable of producing 30-meter resolution, wall-to-wall coverage of existing vegetation types and structure variables in support of a multi-agency fire fuels and fire risks assessment project. Success of this remote sensing research effort is dependent on improved sensor and data qualities, a thorough understanding of regional and local vegetation ecology, successful integration of remote sensing with a large amount of field plot data, and flexible mapping algorithms. Preliminary results produced in the Wasatch Range and Uinta Mountains of central Utah include 28 vegetation types with an overall accuracy of 60% (average by life forms), percent canopy density (sub-pixel density) of forest, shrub, and herbaceous cover (correlation coefficient of 89, 60, and 55% respectively), and average top canopy height of forest, shrub, and herbaceous cover (correlation coefficient of 73, 50, 20% respectively). Techniques to improve the first-round results are discussed, including refinements of mapping models and use of relevant environmental gradients and potential vegetation classification associated with actual vegetation types. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Technology- Converging at the top of the world","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Huang, C., Vogelmann, J., Tolk, B.L., Menakis, J.P., and Moisen, G.G., 2003, A strategy for mapping mid-scale existing vegetation in support of national fire fuel assessment, <i>in</i> Technology- Converging at the top of the world, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482290,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Chengquan","contributorId":25378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Chengquan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Menakis, James P.","contributorId":344955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Menakis","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moisen, Gretchen G.","contributorId":15781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moisen","given":"Gretchen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70263737,"text":"70263737 - 2003 - Exploration of satellite-measured vegetation seasonality for Landfire land cover","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-20T17:26:06.845735","indexId":"70263737","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T11:21:52","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Exploration of satellite-measured vegetation seasonality for Landfire land cover","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this study is to explore the use of satellite data and other sources of spatial data for large area classification in the western United States to support research on potential fire hazards. Extensive field information was made available to this project from two sources: Forest Inventory and Assessment (FIA) and Utah State University. Seasonal spectral patterns of reflectance generated for select vegetation communities indicated that substantial spectral changes occurred through the growing season for most land cover types. In many cases, pronounced spectral differences characterized different types of vegetation, indicating a high probability that classification will accurately separate these particular types of land cover. However, spectral similarities between other types of land cover, such as Douglas fir and white fir, indicate potential classification challenges. Results from this study also show that decision tree analysis is highly effective for assessing quality of input field data and for generating large area land cover classification data sets. It was found that a 5-7% improvement in classification results could be achieved simply by not using those field plots that appeared to be sub-optimal for classification purposes based on image interpretation. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Technology- Converging at the top of the world","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Huang, C., Tolk, B.L., Moisen, G.G., and Zhu, Z., 2003, Exploration of satellite-measured vegetation seasonality for Landfire land cover, <i>in</i> Technology- Converging at the top of the world, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huang, Chengquan 0000-0003-0055-9798","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0055-9798","contributorId":198972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Chengquan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7261,"text":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moisen, Gretchen G.","contributorId":15781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moisen","given":"Gretchen","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70263736,"text":"70263736 - 2003 - Deriving rangeland structural attributes using Landsat ETM+, ERS-1/ERS-2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-29T21:20:16.95806","indexId":"70263736","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T11:17:31","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Deriving rangeland structural attributes using Landsat ETM+, ERS-1/ERS-2","docAbstract":"<p>The purpose of this study is to determine if Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can be used independently, or in conjunction with Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) to improve the classification accuracy of structural attributes of rangeland vegetation, particularly percent shrub cover and top shrub canopy height. Such information, if mapped accurately, can be used in models to better characterize fuel conditions and fire regimes, as well as to evaluate fire hazard status, called for by the U.S. National Fire Plan. The input datasets utilized in this investigation included eighteen bands of Landsat ETM+ path 38 / row 32 (three image dates, six bands each), backscattering and interferometic data derived from tandem ERS-1/2 SAR image pairs (C-band), and extensive field point data. The results showed the use of SAR data provided no significant improvement over the ETM+ data for estimating percent cover or shrub canopy height. The lack of improvement in classification accuracy is possibly due to the influence of topography on the radar backscattering signal. Additional results demonstrated improved model accuracies when a 3x3-averaging filter was applied to the eighteen bands of ETM+ imagery. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Technology- Converging at the top of the world","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Tolk, B.L., Huang, C., Lu, Z., Rykhus, R.P., and Vogelmann, J., 2003, Deriving rangeland structural attributes using Landsat ETM+, ERS-1/ERS-2, <i>in</i> Technology- Converging at the top of the world, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482288,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huang, Chengquan 0000-0003-0055-9798","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0055-9798","contributorId":198972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Chengquan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7261,"text":"Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":928009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":928010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rykhus, Russell P.","contributorId":27337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rykhus","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70263734,"text":"70263734 - 2003 - Studies of Alaskan volcanoes using synthetic aperature radar and Landsat imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-20T17:09:03.925353","indexId":"70263734","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T11:05:37","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Studies of Alaskan volcanoes using synthetic aperature radar and Landsat imagery","docAbstract":"<p>Approximately 10 percent of the world’s active volcanoes are located in the Alaskan Aleutian arc and produce about 3-4 explosive eruptions per year. Even with this high amount of volcanic activity, the remote locations and harsh environments of the Aleutian volcanoes conspire to keep them among some of the most poorly studied volcanoes in the world. Space-borne remote sensed imagery can play a significant role in improving our understanding of activity at these volcanoes. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), Landsat imagery, and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) derived from SRTM and the National Elevation Database (NED) are used to study several Alaskan volcanoes. Interferometric SAR (InSAR) techniques with ERS-1 and ERS-2 SAR imagery are used to measure ground-surface deformation, which enables the construction of detailed mechanical models that enhance the study of magmatic and tectonic processes. The 30-year historical archive of Landsat data is used to study land cover change, visualize the ash plumes of Aleutian volcanic eruptions, and to map the extent of lava flows. Differencing two DEMs that represent volcano topography before and after an eruption makes it possible to calculate the volume of extruded materials. This paper provides a progress report on how InSAR, Landsat imagery and digital elevation data can be used to better understand the volcanic processes at three Aleutian volcanoes.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Technology- Converging at the top of the world","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Rykhus, R.P., and Lu, Z., 2003, Studies of Alaskan volcanoes using synthetic aperature radar and Landsat imagery, <i>in</i> Technology- Converging at the top of the world, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.33036874483844,\n              59.70347743188694\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.1695521105382,\n              59.70347743188694\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.1695521105382,\n              52.600812738063496\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.33036874483844,\n              52.600812738063496\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.33036874483844,\n              59.70347743188694\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rykhus, Russell P.","contributorId":27337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rykhus","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":928003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":928004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70263733,"text":"70263733 - 2003 - Delivering data for The National Map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-20T17:04:11.451073","indexId":"70263733","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T10:58:37","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"displayTitle":"Delivering data for <i>The National Map</i>","title":"Delivering data for The National Map","docAbstract":"<p><i>The National Map</i> aims at delivering current, nationwide views of regional and local data, synthesized into a single presentation. A key method of achieving this is the use of satellite data, aerial photographs, and derivative products to maintain up-to-date maps. The Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center (EDC) archives several large orthoimagery datasets, along with reference datasets, and is the main distributor of elevation data for this effort. </p><p>The EDC is using the raster and reference datasets to create OpenGIS Consortium and ArcGIS** compatible map services. The datasets are processed into seamless tables within an Arc Spatial Database Engine residing on an Oracle database. This database resides on a Solaris server accessed through an Arc Internet Map Server running on Windows 2000 machines to create online map services. A Cisco switch that uses load balancing for reliability handles client requests. </p><p>This system has a theoretical capacity to render of 300,000 to 400,000 images and to provide 600 to 1,500 data extractions per day. Over the last 6 months, this system has delivered more than 4.8 million maps online and 2.6 terabytes of actual data in downloads and media. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Technology- Converging at the top of the world","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Rusanowski, C., 2003, Delivering data for The National Map, <i>in</i> Technology- Converging at the top of the world, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482285,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rusanowski, Chris 0000-0001-6215-4003","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-4003","contributorId":351153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rusanowski","given":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":928002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70263457,"text":"70263457 - 2003 - Deriving annual integrated NDVI greenness at 30 m spatial resolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-12T14:18:18.839655","indexId":"70263457","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T10:40:52","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Deriving annual integrated NDVI greenness at 30 m spatial resolution","docAbstract":"<p>Temporal greenness matrics have been found useful for characterizing vegetation phenology, and have been used to discriminate vegetation cover types and to estimate key vegetation attributes including percent cover and green biomass. So far, however, such matrics have been calculated only from coarse resolution satellite data. Intermediate spatial resolution satellites like Landsat cannot provide the temporal resolutions needed for directly calculating such greenness matrics. In this study, we developed a method to indirectly derive annual integrated NDVI at 30 m spatial resolution using 250 m MODIS data and 30 m Landsat ETM+ imagery. Results showed that more than 90% of the variance of the annual integrated NDVI calculated using one full year’s MODIS data could be explained using as few as 3 appropriately selected observations, demonstrating the feasibility of indirectly estimating the annual integrated NDVI at intermediate spatial resolutions, as normally only limited number of useful observations would be available within the life cycle of a typical project at such spatial resolutions. The developed method was applied to two ETM+ paths/rows, for each of which 3 ETM+ images were acquired in roughly spring, summer and fall/winter seasons around the year 2000. Of the total variance of the MODIS annual integrated NDVI, 81% was explained by the three ETM+ images for one path/row and 74% for the other. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Technology - Converging at the top of the world","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Huang, C., Tolk, B.L., Vogelmann, J., Knuppe, M., and Zhu, Z., 2003, Deriving annual integrated NDVI greenness at 30 m spatial resolution, <i>in</i> Technology - Converging at the top of the world, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481934,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Chengquan","contributorId":25378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Chengquan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":927041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knuppe, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0374-9477 knuppe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0374-9477","contributorId":5148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knuppe","given":"Michelle L.","email":"knuppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":927044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":53218,"text":"ofr03404 - 2003 - Alaska resource data file: McCarthy quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-22T12:36:52.732797","indexId":"ofr03404","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-404","title":"Alaska resource data file: McCarthy quadrangle","docAbstract":"Descriptions of the mineral occurrences shown on the accompanying figure follow. See U.S. Geological Survey (1996) for a description of the information content of each field in the records. The data presented here are maintained as part of a statewide database on mines, prospects and mineral occurrences throughout Alaska.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03404","usgsCitation":"Hudson, T.L., 2003, Alaska resource data file: McCarthy quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-404, 442 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03404.","productDescription":"442 p.","numberOfPages":"443","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484025,"rank":5,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD"},{"id":484024,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61998.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":179612,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03404.jpg"},{"id":4845,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0404/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283926,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0404/pdf/of03-404.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -144.0,61.0 ], [ -144.0,62.0 ], [ -141.0,62.0 ], [ -141.0,61.0 ], [ -144.0,61.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, Travis L.","contributorId":28288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53210,"text":"ofr03446 - 2003 - Alaska resource data file: Nabesna quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T12:03:17.911095","indexId":"ofr03446","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-446","title":"Alaska resource data file: Nabesna quadrangle","docAbstract":"Descriptions of the mineral occurrences shown on the accompanying figure follow. See U.S. Geological Survey (1996) for a description of the information content of each field in the records. The data presented here are maintained as part of a statewide database on mines, prospects and mineral occurrences throughout Alaska.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03446","usgsCitation":"Hudson, T.L., 2003, Alaska resource data file: Nabesna quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-446, 230 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03446.","productDescription":"230 p.","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":283947,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0446/pdf/of03-446.pdf","text":"Report","size":"860 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2003-466 PDF"},{"id":4837,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0446/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":484074,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61997.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":484075,"rank":5,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177829,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03446.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nabesna quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -144,62.0 ], [ -144,63.0 ], [ -141,63.0 ], [ -141,62.0 ], [ -144,62.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db688f36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, Travis L. 0000-0003-1588-2280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1588-2280","contributorId":329722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":78701,"text":"Applied Geology, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":246928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53209,"text":"ofr03447 - 2003 - Alaska resource data file: Wiseman quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-21T19:11:35.500947","indexId":"ofr03447","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-447","title":"Alaska resource data file: Wiseman quadrangle","docAbstract":"Descriptions of the mineral occurrences shown on the accompanying figure follow. See U.S. Geological Survey (1996) for a description of the information content of each field in the records. The data presented here are maintained as part of a statewide database on mines, prospects and mineral occurrences throughout Alaska.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03447","usgsCitation":"Britton, J.M., 2003, Alaska resource data file: Wiseman quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-447, 331 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03447.","productDescription":"331 p.","numberOfPages":"332","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":484204,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_61996.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177213,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03447.jpg"},{"id":4836,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0447/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":484205,"rank":5,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD"},{"id":283948,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0447/pdf/of03-447.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.22 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 03-447 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Wiseman quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -153.0,67.0 ], [ -153.0,68.0 ], [ -150.0,68.0 ], [ -150.0,67.0 ], [ -153.0,67.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Britton, Joe M.","contributorId":87807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Britton","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53123,"text":"wri034241 - 2003 - Atmospheric deposition of nutrients, pesticides, and mercury in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-11T07:02:48","indexId":"wri034241","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4241","title":"Atmospheric deposition of nutrients, pesticides, and mercury in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, 2002","docAbstract":"Nutrients, current-use pesticides, and mercury were measured in atmospheric deposition during summer in Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado to improve understanding of the type and magnitude of atmospheric contaminants being deposited in the park. Two deposition sites were established on the east side of the park: one at an elevation of 2,902 meters near Bear Lake for nutrients and pesticides, and one at an elevation of 3,159 meters in the Loch Vale watershed for mercury. Concentrations of nutrients in summer precipitation at Bear Lake ranged from less than 0.007 to 1.29 mg N/L (milligrams of nitrogen per liter) for ammonium and 0.17 to 4.59 mg N/L for nitrate and were similar to those measured at the Loch Vale National Atmospheric Deposition Network station, where nitrogen concentrations in precipitation are among the highest in the Rocky Mountains. Atrazine, dacthal, and carbaryl were the most frequently detected pesticides at Bear Lake, with carbaryl present at the highest concentrations (0.0079 to 0.0952 ?g/L (micrograms per liter), followed by atrazine (less than 0.0070 to 0.0604 ?g/L), and dacthal (0.0030 to 0.0093 ?g/L). Mercury was detected in weekly bulk deposition samples from Loch Vale in concentrations ranging from 2.6 to 36.2 ng/L (nanograms per liter). \r\n\r\nConcentrations in summer precipitation were combined with snowpack data from a separate study to estimate annual deposition rates of these contaminants in 2002. Annual bulk nitrogen deposition in 2002 was 2.28 kg N/ha (kilograms of nitrogen per hectare) at Bear Lake and 3.35 kg N/ha at Loch Vale. Comparison of wet and bulk deposition indicated that dry deposition may account for as much as 28 percent of annual nitrogen deposition, most of which was deposited during the summer months. Annual deposition rates for three pesticides were estimated as 45.8 mg/ha (milligrams per hectare) of atrazine, 14.2 mg/ha of dacthal, and 54.8 mg/ha of carbaryl. Because of much higher pesticide concentrations in summer precipitation than in winter snow, between 80 to 90 percent of the annual pesticide deposition occurs during summer. Mercury deposition to Loch Vale was estimated at 7.1 ?g/m2 (micrograms per square meter) of which nearly 70 percent of the annual mercury deposition occurred during summer. Despite the fact that most precipitation at high-elevations falls during winter, these results emphasize the importance of monitoring precipitation chemistry during summer to improve estimates of contaminant deposition to high-elevation ecosystems in Rocky Mountain National Park.\r\n\r\nAir-parcel back trajectories were calculated using an atmospheric transport model to identify potential source regions for contaminants reaching the park. The results indicate that during the winter, the most likely source of contami-nants is from areas northwest of the park, but during summer, contaminants are most likely coming from sources to the southwest and east.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri034241","usgsCitation":"Mast, M.A., Campbell, D.H., Ingersoll, G.P., Foreman, W., and Krabbenhoft, D.P., 2003, Atmospheric deposition of nutrients, pesticides, and mercury in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, 2002 (Online Only): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4241, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034241.","productDescription":"15 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4702,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034241/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.93017578125,\n              40.14109012528468\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.48110961914062,\n              40.14109012528468\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.48110961914062,\n              40.57224011776902\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.93017578125,\n              40.57224011776902\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.93017578125,\n              40.14109012528468\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Online Only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d878","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ingersoll, George P. gpingers@usgs.gov","contributorId":1469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"George","email":"gpingers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foreman, William T. wforeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"William T.","email":"wforeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":246699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":53056,"text":"wri034148 - 2003 - Water and sediment quality of the Lake Andes and Choteau Creek basins, South Dakota, 1983-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:38","indexId":"wri034148","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4148","title":"Water and sediment quality of the Lake Andes and Choteau Creek basins, South Dakota, 1983-2000","docAbstract":"The Bureau of Reclamation has proposed construction of the Lake Andes/Wagner Irrigation Demonstration Project to investigate environmental effects of irrigation of glacial till soils substantially derived from marine shales. During 1983-2000, the U.S. Geological Survey collected hydrologic, water-quality, and sediment data in the Lake Andes and Choteau Creek Basins, and on the Missouri River upstream and downstream from Choteau Creek, to provide baseline information in support of the proposed demonstration project.\r\n\r\nLake Andes has a drainage area of about 230 mi2 (square miles). Tributaries to Lake Andes are ephemeral. Water-level fluctuations in Lake Andes can be large, and the lake has been completely dry on several occasions. The outlet aqueduct from Lake Andes feeds into Garden Creek, which enters Lake Francis Case just upstream from Fort Randall Dam on the Missouri River.\r\n\r\nFor Lake Andes tributary stations, calcium, magnesium, and sodium are approximately codominant among the cations, and sulfate is the dominant anion. Dissolved-solids concentrations typically range from about 1,000 mg/L (milligrams per liter) to about 1,700 mg/L. Major-ion concentrations for Lake Andes tend to be higher than the tributaries and generally increase downstream in Lake Andes. Proportions of major ions are similar among the different lake units (with the exception of Owens Bay), with calcium, magnesium, and sodium being approximately codominant among cations, and sulfate being the dominant anion. Owens Bay is characterized by a calcium sulfate water type. Dissolved-solids concentrations for Lake Andes typically range from about 1,400 to 2,000 mg/L.\r\n\r\nWhole-water nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are similar among the Lake Andes tributaries, with median whole-water nitrogen concentrations ranging from about 1.6 to 2.4 mg/L, and median whole-water phosphorus concentrations ranging from about 0.5 to 0.7 mg/L. Whole-water nitrogen concentrations in Lake Andes are similar among the different units, with medians that range from about 2.4 to 4.0 mg/L. Median whole-water phosphorus concentrations for the different Lake Andes units range from 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L, and decrease downstream through Lake Andes.\r\n\r\nMedian selenium concentrations are substantially lower for Andes Creek (3 ?g/L (micrograms per liter)) than for the other tributary stations (34, 18, and 7 ?g/L). Median selenium concentrations for the lake stations (ranging from less than 1 to 2 ?g/L) are substantially lower than tributary stations.\r\n\r\nThe pesticides 2,4-D and atrazine were the most commonly detected pesticides in Lake Andes. Median concentrations for 2,4-D for Lake Andes range from 0.07 to 0.11 ?g/L; the median concentration for Owens Bay is 0.04 ?g/L. Median concentrations for atrazine for Lake Andes range from 0.2 to 0.4 ?g/L; the median concentration for Owens Bay is less than 0.1 ?g/L. Concentrations of both 2,4-D and atrazine are largest for the most upstream part of Lake Andes that is most influenced by tributary inflow.\r\n\r\nMedian suspended-sediment concentrations for Lake Andes tributaries range from 22 to 56 mg/L. Most of the suspended sediment transported in the Lake Andes tributaries consists of particles less than 63 ?m (micrometers) in diameter. Concentrations of most constituents in bottom sediments generally had similar ranges and medians for the Lake Andes tributaries. However, Andes Creek generally had lower concentrations of several metals. For Lake Andes, medians and ranges for most constituents generally were similar among the different units. However, selenium concentrations tended to be higher in the upstream part of the lake, and generally decreased downstream. Results of vertical sediment cores collected from a single site in the South Unit of Lake Andes in October 2000 indicate that selenium loading to Lake Andes increased during the period 1952 through 2000.\r\n\r\nChoteau Creek has a drainage area of 619 mi2. In the upstream part of the basin, Chotea","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034148","usgsCitation":"Sando, S.K., and Neitzert, K.M., 2003, Water and sediment quality of the Lake Andes and Choteau Creek basins, South Dakota, 1983-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4148, vi, 114 p. : ill., maps ; 40 figs.; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034148.","productDescription":"vi, 114 p. : ill., maps ; 40 figs.; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":5198,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034148/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa149","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sando, Steven Kent","contributorId":59107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"Kent","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neitzert, Kathleen M. kmneitze@usgs.gov","contributorId":1833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neitzert","given":"Kathleen","email":"kmneitze@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53130,"text":"wri034189 - 2003 - Hydrogeology of the D aquifer and movement and ages of ground water determined from geochemical and isotopic analyses, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:44","indexId":"wri034189","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4189","title":"Hydrogeology of the D aquifer and movement and ages of ground water determined from geochemical and isotopic analyses, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona","docAbstract":"The Navajo Nation and the Hopi Tribe in the Black Mesa area depend on ground water from sandstones of the N aquifer for domestic, agricultural, municipal, and industrial needs. They are concerned that pumping of water from the N aquifer will induce leakage from the overlying D aquifer, resulting in the degradation of water quality in the N aquifer. Water samples from the D aquifer contained higher concentrations of dissolved solids than samples from the N aquifer; however, ground waters in the D and N aquifers evolve similarly along their respective flow paths.\r\n\r\nThe ground-water composition in the D aquifer results from interaction with limestone and sandstone sediments. The ground water evolves from a calcium magnesium bicarbonate type in the recharge area to a sodium bicarbonate type in downgradient areas. 34S data indicate sulfate reduction occurs when ground water comes in contact with lignite seams in the Dakota Sandstone. Adjusted 14C ages for ground water in the D aquifer range from 4,000 to 33,000 years. d18O and d2H data indicate that most of the recharge occurred when the climate was cooler and more humid than at present. 3H data indicate that localized recharge has occurred in some areas in recent time.\r\n\r\nLeakage between the D and N aquifers has been occurring for thousands of years. The area of highest leakage occurs in the southern areas of Black Mesa, where the N aquifer is thin, the predevelopment hydraulic gradient is small, and the vertical head differences between the D and N aquifers are small. Induced leakage from ground-water development in the last several decades could take centuries to detect geochemically because of the increased vertical difference between the potentiometric surfaces of the D and N aquifers, and possibly because of increases in the hydraulic gradient in the N aquifer that would increase flow rates, causing dilution.\r\n\r\n87Sr/86Sr data are consistent with the leakage of ground water from the D aquifer into the N aquifer in the southern part of Black Mesa. 87Sr/86Sr values for the N and D aquifers are similar in this area; statistical means are -2.74 ? and -2.49 ?, respectively, N aquifer 87Sr/86Sr values are more radiogenic than D aquifer values in the northern part of Black Mesa; statistical means are -0.14 ? and -2.49 ?, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034189","usgsCitation":"Truini, M., and Longsworth, S.A., 2003, Hydrogeology of the D aquifer and movement and ages of ground water determined from geochemical and isotopic analyses, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4189, vi, 38 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034189.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4709,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":177940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db615225","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Truini, Margot mtruini@usgs.gov","contributorId":599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truini","given":"Margot","email":"mtruini@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longsworth, Steve A. salong@usgs.gov","contributorId":174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longsworth","given":"Steve","email":"salong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53112,"text":"wri034174 - 2003 - Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T18:31:32.758926","indexId":"wri034174","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4174","title":"Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water","docAbstract":"Alkaline persulfate digestion was evaluated and validated as a more sensitive, accurate, and less toxic alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for routine determination of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface- and ground-water samples in a large-scale and geographically diverse study conducted by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) between October 1, 2001, and September 30, 2002. Data for this study were obtained from about 2,100 surface- and ground-water samples that were analyzed for Kjeldahl nitrogen and Kjeldahl phosphorus in the course of routine operations at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL). These samples were analyzed independently for total nitrogen and total phosphorus using an alkaline persulfate digestion method developed by the NWQL Methods Research and Development Program. About half of these samples were collected during nominally high-flow (April-June) conditions and the other half were collected during nominally low-flow (August-September) conditions. The number of filtered and whole-water samples analyzed from each flow regime was about equal.By operational definition, Kjeldahl nitrogen (ammonium + organic nitrogen) and alkaline persulfate digestion total nitrogen (ammonium + nitrite + nitrate + organic nitrogen) are not equivalent. It was necessary, therefore, to reconcile this operational difference by subtracting nitrate + nitrite concentra-tions from alkaline persulfate dissolved and total nitrogen concentrations prior to graphical and statistical comparisons with dissolved and total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations. On the basis of two-population paired t-test statistics, the means of all nitrate-corrected alkaline persulfate nitrogen and Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations (2,066 paired results) were significantly different from zero at the p = 0.05 level. Statistically, the means of Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations were greater than those of nitrate-corrected alkaline persulfate nitrogen concentrations. Experimental evidence strongly suggests, however, that this apparent low bias resulted from nitrate interference in the Kjeldahl digestion method rather than low nitrogen recovery by the alkaline persulfate digestion method. Typically, differences between means of Kjeldahl nitrogen and nitrate-corrected alkaline persulfate nitrogen in low-nitrate concentration (< 0.1 milligram nitrate nitrogen per liter) subsets of filtered surface- and ground-water samples were statistically equivalent to zero at the\r\np =level.Paired analytical results for dissolved and total phosphorus in Kjeldahl and alkaline persulfate digests were directly comparable because both digestion methods convert all forms of phosphorus in water samples to orthophosphate. On the basis of two-population paired t-test statistics, the means of all Kjeldahl phosphorus and alkaline persulfate phosphorus concentrations (2,093 paired results) were not significantly different from zero at the p = 0.05 level. For some subsets of these data, which were grouped according to water type and flow conditions at the time of sample collection, differences between means of Kjeldahl phosphorus and alkaline persulfate phosphorus concentrations were not equivalent to zero at the p = 0.05 level. Differences between means of these subsets, however, were less than the method detection limit for phosphorus (0.007 milligram phosphorus per liter) by the alkaline persulfate digestion method, and were therefore analytically insignificant.This report provides details of the alkaline persulfate digestion procedure, interference studies, recovery of various nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds, and other analytical figures of merit. The automated air-segmented continuous flow methods developed to determine nitrate and orthophosphate in the alkaline persulfate digests also are described. About 125 microliters of digested sample are required to determine nitrogen and phosphorus in parallel at a rate of about 100 samples per hour with less than 1-percent sample in","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/wri034174","usgsCitation":"Patton, C.J., and Kryskalla, J.R., 2003, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Evaluation of alkaline persulfate digestion as an alternative to Kjeldahl digestion for determination of total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in water: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4174, vi, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034174.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4673,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nwql.usgs.gov/Public/pubs/WRIR03-4174/WRIR03-4174.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4174/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87111,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4174/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bb7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patton, Charles J. cjpatton@usgs.gov","contributorId":809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"Charles","email":"cjpatton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kryskalla, Jennifer R.","contributorId":91563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kryskalla","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":53105,"text":"ofr03355 - 2003 - Volatile organic compound data from three karst springs in middle Tennessee, February 2000 to May 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:46","indexId":"ofr03355","displayToPublicDate":"2003-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-355","title":"Volatile organic compound data from three karst springs in middle Tennessee, February 2000 to May 2001","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Division of Superfund, collected discharge, rainfall, continuous water-quality (temperature, dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, and pH), and volatile organic compound (VOC) data from three karst springs in Middle Tennessee from February 2000 to May 2001. Continuous monitoring data indicated that each spring responds differently to storms. Water quality and discharge at Wilson Spring, which is located in the Central Basin karst region of Tennessee, changed rapidly after rainfall. Water quality and discharge also varied at Cascade Spring; however, changes did not occur as frequently or as quickly as changes at Wilson Spring. Water quality and discharge at Big Spring at Rutledge Falls changed little in response to storms. Cascade Spring and Big Spring at Rutledge Falls are located in similar hydrogeologic settings on the escarpment of the Highland Rim. \r\n\r\nNonisokinetic dip-sampling methods were used to collect VOC samples from the springs during base-flow conditions. During selected storms, automatic samplers were used to collect water samples at Cascade Spring and Wilson Spring. Water samples were collected as frequently as every 15 minutes at the beginning of a storm, and sampling intervals were gradually increased following a storm. VOC samples were analyzed using a portable gas chromatograph (GC). VOC samples were collected from Wilson, Cascade, and Big Springs during 600, 199, and 55 sampling times, respectively, from February 2000 to May 2001. \r\n\r\nChloroform concentrations detected at Wilson Spring ranged from 0.073 to 34 mg/L (milligrams per liter). Chloroform concentrations changed during most storms; the greatest change detected was during the first storm in fall 2000, when chloroform concentrations increased from about 0.5 to about 34 mg/L. Concentrations of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-DCE) detected at Cascade Spring ranged from 0.30 to 1.8 ?g/L (micrograms per liter) and gradually decreased between November 2000 and May 2001. In addition to the gradual decrease in cis-1,2-DCE concentrations, some additional decreases were detected during storms. VOC samples collected at weekly intervals from Big Spring indicated a gradual decrease in trichloroethylene (TCE) concentrations from approximately 9 to 6 ?g/L between November 2000 and May 2001. Significant changes in TCE concentrations were not detected during individual storms at Big Spring. \r\n\r\nQuality-control samples included trip blanks, equipment blanks, replicates, and field-matrix spike samples. VOC concentrations measured using the portable GC were similar to concentrations in replicate samples analyzed by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) with the exception of chloroform and TCE concentrations. Chloroform and TCE concentrations detected by the portable GC were consistently lower (median percent differences of ?19.2 and ?17.4, respectively) than NWQL results. High correlations, however, were observed between concentrations detected by the portable GC and concentrations detected by the NWQL (Pearson?s r > 0.96). VOC concentrations in automatically collected samples were similar to concentrations in replicates collected using dip-sampling methods. More than 80 percent of the VOC concentrations measured in automatically collected samples were within 12 percent of concentrations in dip samples.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr03355","usgsCitation":"Williams, S.D., and Farmer, J., 2003, Volatile organic compound data from three karst springs in middle Tennessee, February 2000 to May 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-355, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03355.","productDescription":"69 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4666,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr03355/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":175260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49abe4b07f02db5c5a4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Shannon D. swilliam@usgs.gov","contributorId":4133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Shannon","email":"swilliam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farmer, James","contributorId":37407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}