{"pageNumber":"103","pageRowStart":"2550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":4111,"records":[{"id":5224637,"text":"5224637 - 2005 - Home range and survival of breeding painted buntings on Sapelo Island, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T13:52:46.720687","indexId":"5224637","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home range and survival of breeding painted buntings on Sapelo Island, Georgia","docAbstract":"

The southeastern United States population of the painted bunting (Passerina ciris) has decreased approximately 75% from 1966–1996 based on Breeding Bird Survey trends. Partners in Flight guidelines recommend painted bunting conservation as a high priority with a need for management by state and federal agencies. Basic information on home range and survival of breeding painted buntings will provide managers with required habitat types and estimates of land areas necessary to maintain minimum population sizes for this species. We radiotracked after-second-year male and after-hatching-year female buntings on Sapelo Island, Georgia, during the breeding seasons (late April-early August) of 1997 and 1998. We used the animal movement extension in ArcView to determine fixed-kernel home range in an unmanaged maritime shrub and managed 60–80-year-old pine (Pinus spp.)-oak (Quercus spp.) forest. Using the Kaplan-Meier method, we estimated an adult breeding season survival of 1.00 for males (n = 36) and 0.94 (SE = 0.18) for females (n = 27). Painted bunting home ranges were smaller in unmanaged maritime shrub (female: kernel \"inline = 3.5 ha [95% CI: 2.5-4.5]; male: kernel \"inline = 3.1 ha [95% CI: 2.3-3.9]) compared to those in managed pine-oak forests (female: kernel \"inline = 4.7 ha [95% CI: 2.8-6.6]; male: kernel \"inline = 7.0 ha [95% CI: 4.9-9.1]). Buntings nesting in the managed pine-oak forest flew long distances (≥300 m) to forage in salt marshes, freshwater wetlands, and moist forest clearings. In maritime shrub buntings occupied a compact area and rarely moved long distances. The painted bunting population of Sapelo Island requires conservation of maritime shrub as potential optimum nesting habitat and management of nesting habitat in open-canopy pine-oak sawtimber forests by periodic prescribed fire (every 4–6 years) and timber thinning within a landscape that contains salt marsh or freshwater wetland openings within 700 m of those forests.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[1432:HRASOB]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Springborn, E.G., and Meyers, J.M., 2005, Home range and survival of breeding painted buntings on Sapelo Island, Georgia: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 4, p. 1432-1439, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[1432:HRASOB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1432","endPage":"1439","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Sapelo Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.27857208251953,\n 31.376502828894196\n ],\n [\n -81.2662124633789,\n 31.38236498084425\n ],\n [\n -81.24801635742188,\n 31.421046006878033\n ],\n [\n -81.23222351074219,\n 31.435986678525577\n ],\n [\n -81.20201110839844,\n 31.473767159269823\n ],\n [\n -81.17557525634766,\n 31.51767878128718\n ],\n [\n -81.19926452636719,\n 31.54050467365754\n ],\n [\n -81.23908996582031,\n 31.532018775452652\n ],\n [\n -81.29573822021483,\n 31.487235582017444\n ],\n [\n -81.29161834716797,\n 31.47933043844773\n ],\n [\n -81.30157470703125,\n 31.457953928765885\n ],\n [\n -81.30638122558594,\n 31.449167646732175\n ],\n [\n -81.30912780761719,\n 31.41987408881235\n ],\n [\n -81.27857208251953,\n 31.376502828894196\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bf4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Springborn, E. G.","contributorId":49492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Springborn","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyers, J. Michael","contributorId":38658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyers","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224604,"text":"5224604 - 2005 - Designing occupancy studies: General advice and allocating survey effort","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T21:09:38.435591","indexId":"5224604","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:51","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Designing occupancy studies: General advice and allocating survey effort","docAbstract":"

1.The fraction of sampling units in a landscape where a target species is present (occupancy) is an extensively used concept in ecology. Yet in many applications the species will not always be detected in a sampling unit even when present, resulting in biased estimates of occupancy. Given that sampling units are surveyed repeatedly within a relatively short timeframe, a number of similar methods have now been developed to provide unbiased occupancy estimates. However, practical guidance on the efficient design of occupancy studies has been lacking.

2. In this paper we comment on a number of general issues related to designing occupancy studies, including the need for clear objectives that are explicitly linked to science or management, selection of sampling units, timing of repeat surveys and allocation of survey effort. Advice on the number of repeat surveys per sampling unit is considered in terms of the variance of the occupancy estimator, for three possible study designs.

3. We recommend that sampling units should be surveyed a minimum of three times when detection probability is high (> 0·5 survey−1), unless a removal design is used.

4. We found that an optimal removal design will generally be the most efficient, but we suggest it may be less robust to assumption violations than a standard design.

5. Our results suggest that for a rare species it is more efficient to survey more sampling units less intensively, while for a common species fewer sampling units should be surveyed more intensively.

6. Synthesis and applications. Reliable inferences can only result from quality data. To make the best use of logistical resources, study objectives must be clearly defined; sampling units must be selected, and repeated surveys timed appropriately; and a sufficient number of repeated surveys must be conducted. Failure to do so may compromise the integrity of the study. The guidance given here on study design issues is particularly applicable to studies of species occurrence and distribution, habitat selection and modelling, metapopulation studies and monitoring programmes.

","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01098.x","usgsCitation":"MacKenzie, D.I., and Royle, J., 2005, Designing occupancy studies: General advice and allocating survey effort: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 42, no. 6, p. 1105-1114, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01098.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1105","endPage":"1114","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503482,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/W7L5WNYA","text":"External Repository"},{"id":201787,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667cf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKenzie, Darryl I.","contributorId":94436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"Darryl","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224502,"text":"5224502 - 2005 - Fossil shrews from Honduras and their significance for late glacial evolution in body size (Mammalia: Soricidae: Cryptotis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-29T15:59:08.574934","indexId":"5224502","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:49","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1635,"text":"Fieldiana Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Fossil shrews from Honduras and their significance for late glacial evolution in body size (Mammalia: Soricidae: Cryptotis)","title":"Fossil shrews from Honduras and their significance for late glacial evolution in body size (Mammalia: Soricidae: Cryptotis)","docAbstract":"

Our study of mammalian remains excavated in the 1940s from McGrew Cave, north of Copán, Honduras, yielded an assemblage of 29 taxa that probably accumulated predominantly as the result of predation by owls. Among the taxa present are three species of small-eared shrews, genus Cryptotis. One species, Cryptotis merriami, is relatively rare among the fossil remains. The other two shrews, Cryptotis goodwini and Cryptotis orophila, are abundant and exhibit morphometrical variation distinguishing them from modern populations. Fossils of C. goodwini are distinctly and consistently smaller than modern members of the species. To quantify the size differences, we derived common measures of body size for fossil C. goodwini using regression models based on modern samples of shrews in the Cryptotis mexicana-group. Estimated mean length of head and body for the fossil sample is 72–79 mm, and estimated mean mass is 7.6–9.6 g. These numbers indicate that the fossil sample averaged 6–14% smaller in head and body length and 39–52% less in mass than the modern sample and that increases of 6–17% in head and body length and 65–108% in mass occurred to achieve the mean body size of the modern sample. Conservative estimates of fresh (wet) food intake based on mass indicate that such a size increase would require a 37–58% increase in daily food consumption. In contrast to C. goodwini, fossil C. orophila from the cave is not different in mean body size from modern samples. The fossil sample does, however, show slightly greater variation in size than is currently present throughout the modern geographical distribution of the taxon. Moreover, variation in some other dental and mandibular characters is more constrained, exhibiting a more direct relationship to overall size. Our study of these species indicates that North American shrews have not all been static in size through time, as suggested by some previous work with fossil soricids.

Lack of stratigraphic control within the site and our failure to obtain reliable radiometric dates on remains restrict our opportunities to place the site in a firm temporal context. However, the morphometrical differences we document for fossil C. orophila and C. goodwini show them to be distinct from modern populations of these shrews. Some other species of fossil mammals from McGrew Cave exhibit distinct size changes of the magnitudes experienced by many northern North American and some Mexican mammals during the transition from late glacial to Holocene environmental conditions, and it is likely that at least some of the remains from the cave are late Pleistocene in age. One curious factor is that, whereas most mainland mammals that exhibit large-scale size shifts during the late glacial/postglacial transition experienced dwarfing, C. goodwini increased in size. The lack of clinal variation in modern C. goodwini supports the hypothesis that size evolution can result from local selection rather than from cline translocation. Models of size change in mammals indicate that increased size, such as that observed for C. goodwini, are a likely consequence of increased availability of resources and, thereby, a relaxation of selection during critical times of the year.

","language":"English","publisher":"Field Museum of Natural History","doi":"10.3158/0096-2651(2005)51[1:FSFHAT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., and Croft, D.A., 2005, Fossil shrews from Honduras and their significance for late glacial evolution in body size (Mammalia: Soricidae: Cryptotis): Fieldiana Geology, v. 51, 1534, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3158/0096-2651(2005)51[1:FSFHAT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"1534, 30 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477616,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3158/0096-2651(2005)51[1:fsfhat]2.0.co;2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":201665,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Honduras","otherGeospatial":"McGraw Cave","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.20623779296875,\n 14.79347208021435\n ],\n [\n -89.12933349609375,\n 14.79347208021435\n ],\n [\n -89.12933349609375,\n 14.887723217337792\n ],\n [\n -89.20623779296875,\n 14.887723217337792\n ],\n [\n -89.20623779296875,\n 14.79347208021435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a9423","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, N. 0000-0003-2689-7373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":104176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Croft, D. A.","contributorId":55941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croft","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224419,"text":"5224419 - 2005 - The potential conservation value of unmowed powerline strips for native bees","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:03","indexId":"5224419","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:44","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The potential conservation value of unmowed powerline strips for native bees","docAbstract":"The land area covered by powerline easements in the United States exceeds the area of almost all national parks, including Yellowstone. In parts of Europe and the US, electric companies have altered their land management practices from periodic mowing to extraction of tall vegetation combined with the use of selective herbicides. To investigate whether this alternate management practice might produce higher quality habitat for native bees, we compared the bee fauna collected in unmowed powerline corridors and in nearby mowed grassy fields at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (MD). Powerline sites had more spatially and numerically rare species and a richer bee community than the grassy fields, although the difference was less pronounced than we expected. Powerline sites also had more parasitic species and more cavitynesting bees. Bee communities changed progressively through the season, but differences between the site types were persistent. The surrounding, nongrassland landscape likely has a strong influence on the bee species collected at the grassland sites, as some bees may be foraging in the grasslands but nesting elsewhere. Improving habitat for native bees will help ameliorate the loss of pollination services caused by the collapse of wild and managed honeybee populations. This study suggests that powerline strips have the potential to provide five million acres of bee-friendly habitat in the US if utilities more generally adopt appropriate management practices.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biological Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.022","collaboration":"6303_Russell.pdf","usgsCitation":"Russell, K., Ikerd, H., and Droege, S., 2005, The potential conservation value of unmowed powerline strips for native bees: Biological Conservation, v. 124, no. 1, p. 133-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.022.","productDescription":"133-148","startPage":"133","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17216,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.022","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":197890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a71e4b07f02db641e26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, K.N.","contributorId":78841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"K.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ikerd, H.","contributorId":12145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikerd","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Droege, Sam 0000-0003-4393-0403","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4393-0403","contributorId":64185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224448,"text":"5224448 - 2005 - Improving inferences in population studies of rare species that are detected imperfectly","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-07T15:02:18.721013","indexId":"5224448","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:36","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving inferences in population studies of rare species that are detected imperfectly","docAbstract":"

For the vast majority of cases, it is highly unlikely that all the individuals of a population will be encountered during a study. Furthermore, it is unlikely that a constant fraction of the population is encountered over times, locations, or species to be compared. Hence, simple counts usually will not be good indices of population size. We recommend that detection probabilities (the probability of including an individual in a count) be estimated and incorporated into inference procedures. However, most techniques for estimating detection probability require moderate sample sizes, which may not be achievable when studying rare species. In order to improve the reliability of inferences from studies of rare species, we suggest two general approaches that researchers may wish to consider that incorporate the concept of imperfect detectability: (1) borrowing information about detectability or the other quantities of interest from other times, places, or species; and (2) using state variables other than abundance (e.g., species richness and occupancy). We illustrate these suggestions with examples and discuss the relative benefits and drawbacks of each approach.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/04-1060","usgsCitation":"MacKenzie, D.I., Nichols, J.D., Sutton, N., Kawanishi, K., and Bailey, L., 2005, Improving inferences in population studies of rare species that are detected imperfectly: Ecology, v. 86, no. 5, p. 1101-1113, https://doi.org/10.1890/04-1060.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1101","endPage":"1113","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477627,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/04-1060","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":201802,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5bac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKenzie, Darry I.","contributorId":15926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"Darry","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":200533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":341704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutton, N.","contributorId":39101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutton","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kawanishi, K.","contributorId":98434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kawanishi","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bailey, Larissa","contributorId":86059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Larissa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5211325,"text":"5211325 - 2005 - An objective method to determine an area's relative significance for avian conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:25","indexId":"5211325","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"An objective method to determine an area's relative significance for avian conservation","docAbstract":"Land managers are often concerned with providing habitat affords the 'best habitat for songbirds.' However, unless management simply is directed at rare species it may not be clear which habitats or management options are best. A standard, quantifiable measure to compare the significance of different tracts of land or competing management techniques for avian conservation would benefit managers in decision making. I propose a standard measure that is based on the relative density of each species within a finite area and their respective regional Partners in Flight concern scores. I applied this method to > 100 reforested sites in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley that ranged in age from 2 to 32 years. The objectively determined avian conservation significance for each of these reforested sites was correlated with stand age and with my subjective assessment of 'habitat quality.' I also used this method to compare the avian conservation significance of forested habitats before and after selective timber harvest with high significance for avian conservation provided habitat for species of conservation concern. I recommend application of this methodology to other and areas under different management, to determine its usefulness at predicting avian conservation significance among habitats and at various avian densities.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bird Conservation Implementation and Integration in the Americas: Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference 2002","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station","publisherLocation":"Albany, California","collaboration":"Conference held March 20-24, 2002, Asilomar, California PDF on file: 6512_Twedt.pdf","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D., 2005, An objective method to determine an area's relative significance for avian conservation, chap. of Bird Conservation Implementation and Integration in the Americas: Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference 2002, p. 71-77.","productDescription":"2 volumes: xiv, 1296","startPage":"71","endPage":"77","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6841ad","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ralph, C. John","contributorId":71284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralph","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507973,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rich, Terrell D.","contributorId":112381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rich","given":"Terrell","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507974,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, D.J. 0000-0003-1223-5045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":105009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175151,"text":"pp1732E - 2005 - Oceanic Pb-isotopic sources of Proterozoic and Paleozoic volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits on Prince of Wales Island and vicinity, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175151,"text":"pp1732E - 2005 - Oceanic Pb-isotopic sources of Proterozoic and Paleozoic volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits on Prince of Wales Island and vicinity, southeastern Alaska","indexId":"pp1732E","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Oceanic Pb-isotopic sources of Proterozoic and Paleozoic volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits on Prince of Wales Island and vicinity, southeastern Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":79483,"text":"pp1732 - 2006 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005","indexId":"pp1732","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":79483,"text":"pp1732 - 2006 - Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005","indexId":"pp1732","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"title":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-09T15:26:19.663528","indexId":"pp1732E","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1732","chapter":"E","title":"Oceanic Pb-isotopic sources of Proterozoic and Paleozoic volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits on Prince of Wales Island and vicinity, southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"

Volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits on Prince of Wales Island and vicinity in southeastern Alaska are associated with Late Proterozoic through Cambrian volcanosedimentary rocks of the Wales Group and with Ordovician through Early Silurian felsic volcanic rocks of the Moira Sound unit (new informal name). The massive sulfide deposits in the Wales Group include the Big Harbor, Copper City, Corbin, Keete Inlet, Khayyam, Ruby Tuesday, and Stumble-On deposits, and those in the Moira Sound unit include the Barrier Islands, Moira Copper, Niblack, and Nichols Bay deposits. Pb-isotopic signatures were determined on sulfide minerals (galena, pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, and sphalerite) to constrain metal sources of the massive sulfides and for comparison with data for other deposits in the region. Except for the Ruby Tuesday deposit, galena is relatively rare in most of these deposits. Pb-isotopic signatures distinguish the mainly Cu+Zn±Ag±Au massive sulfide deposits in the Wales Group from the Zn+Cu±Ag±Au massive sulfide deposits in the Moira Sound unit. Among the older group of deposits, the Khayyam deposit has the widest variation in Pb-isotopic ratios (206Pb/204Pb=17.169–18.021, 207Pb/204Pb=15.341–15.499, 208Pb/204Pb=36.546–37.817); data for the other massive sulfide deposits in the Wales Group overlap the isotopic variations in the Khayyam deposit. Pb-isotopic ratios for both groups of deposits are lower than those on the average crustal Pbevolution curve (µ=9.74), attesting to a large mantle influence in the Pb source. All the deposits show no evidence for Pb evolution primarily in the upper or lower continental crust. Samples from the younger group of deposits have scattered Pb-isotopic compositions and plot as a broad band on uranogenic and thorogenic Pb diagrams. Data for these deposits overlap the trend for massive sulfide deposits in the Wales Group but extend to significantly more radiogenic Pb-isotopic values. Pb-isotopic ratios of samples from the massive sulfide deposits in the Moira Sound unit plot on a different trend (206Pb/204Pb=17.375–19.418, 207Pb/204Pb=15.361–15.519, 208Pb/204Pb=36.856–37.241) from the steep slope defined by the massive sulfide deposits in the Wales Group. In comparison, the Pb-isotopic ratios of Devonian polymetallic (Pb-Zn-Au-Ag) quartz-sulfide veins vary widely ( 206Pb/204Pb=18.339–18.946, 207Pb/204Pb=15.447–15.561, 208Pb/204Pb=37.358–38.354), straddling the slope defined by the massive sulfide deposits in the Moira Sound unit. The general decrease in 207Pb/204Pb ratio in these deposits, relative to the average crustal Pb-evolution curve, suggests that the most likely lead sources were those associated with oceanic volcanic rocks. The massive sulfide deposits in the Wales Group may have resided within an intraoceanic tectonic setting where the mantle was the predominant contributor of metals. Some contribution from reworked arc material or recycled older, hydrothermally altered oceanic crust (including pelagic sediment) is also possible. Lead sources of the massive sulfide deposits in the Moira Sound unit also included an older source region, possibly a Late Proterozoic or Cambrian volcanosedimentary sequence and the massive sulfide deposits in the Wales Group. Preliminary regional comparison of the Pb-isotopic data indicates that the Greens Creek (Admiralty Island, Alaska) and Windy Craggy (northern British Columbia) deposits probably did not share a common lead source with the VMS deposits on Prince of Wales Island. Other sulfide occurrences on Admiralty Island are also more radiogenic than those on Prince of Wales Island. Large differences in 207Pb/204Pb ratio suggest that the lead in the VMS deposits in different parts of the Alexander terrane evolved from sources with heterogeneous U/Pb ratios, resulting from mixing of mantle and crustal components. 

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2005 (Professional paper 1732)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1732E","usgsCitation":"Ayuso, R.A., Karl, S.M., Slack, J.F., Haeussler, P.J., Bittenbender, P.E., Wandless, G.A., and Colvin, A., 2005, Oceanic Pb-isotopic sources of Proterozoic and Paleozoic volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits on Prince of Wales Island and vicinity, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1732, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1732E.","productDescription":"20 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422483,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1732/pp1732e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":325872,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325871,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1732/pp1732e/pp1732e.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince of Wales Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -134.29535017962547,\n 56.48924640463008\n ],\n [\n -133.7172369928395,\n 54.795982638783016\n ],\n [\n -132.7721193672512,\n 54.594981471807586\n ],\n [\n -131.7880278189584,\n 54.58195213112003\n ],\n [\n -131.93742785599295,\n 55.31048195815926\n ],\n [\n -132.42460188980144,\n 56.009425048448605\n ],\n [\n -133.23006295903133,\n 56.435052353430876\n ],\n [\n -134.29535017962547,\n 56.48924640463008\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a072bae4b060ce18fb2df1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karl, Susan M. 0000-0003-1559-7826 skarl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-7826","contributorId":502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Susan","email":"skarl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bittenbender, Peter E.","contributorId":35017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bittenbender","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wandless, Gregory A. gwandless@usgs.gov","contributorId":4782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandless","given":"Gregory","email":"gwandless@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":644113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Colvin, Anna","contributorId":102959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colvin","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":76897,"text":"ofr20051347 - 2005 - Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tuzigoot National Monument","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:11","indexId":"ofr20051347","displayToPublicDate":"2006-07-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1347","title":"Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tuzigoot National Monument","docAbstract":"Executive Summary\r\n\r\nFrom 2002 to 2004, we surveyed for plants and vertebrates (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals) at Tuzigoot National Monument (NM) and adjacent areas in Arizona. This was the first effort of its kind in the area and was part of a larger effort to inventory vascular plants and vertebrates in eight National Park Service units in Arizona and New Mexico. In addition to our own surveys, we also compiled a complete list of species that have been found by previous studies.\r\n\r\nWe found 330 species, including 142 that had not previously been recorded at the monument (Table 1). We found 39 species of non-native plants, 11 non-native fishes, three non-native birds, and one non-native species each of amphibian and mammal. Based on our work and that of others, there have been 597 species of plants and vertebrates found at the monument.\r\n\r\nThe bird community at the monument had the highest species richness of any national park unit in central and southern Arizona. We found all other taxa to have intermediate species richness compared to other park units in the region. This extraordinary species richness observed for birds, as well as for some other taxa, is due primarily to Tavasci Marsh and the Verde River, two critical sources of perennial water, which provide habitat for many regionally rare or uncommon species. The location of the monument at the northern edge of the Sonoran Desert and at the southern edge of the Mogollon Rim also plays an important role in determining the distribution and community composition of the plant and vertebrate communities.\r\n\r\nBased on our findings, we believe the high number of non-native species, especially fish and plants, should be of particular management concern. We detail other management challenges, most notably the rapid increase in housing and associated commercial development near the monument, which will continue to impact the plant and vertebrate communities.\r\n\r\nBased on our data and a review of past studies, we believe the inventory for most taxa is nearly complete, though some rare or elusive species will be added with additional survey effort. We recommend additional inventory, monitoring, and research studies and we identify components of our effort that could be improved upon, either through the application of new techniques or by extending the temporal and/or spatial scope of our work.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051347","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Arizona, School of Natural Resources; This report supersedes Powell et al. (2003, 2004a, and 2005a) and Schmidt et al. (2005)","usgsCitation":"Powell, B., Albrecht, E., Halvorson, W.L., Schmidt, C., Anning, P., and Docherty, K., 2005, Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tuzigoot National Monument (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1347, xiv, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051347.","productDescription":"xiv, 105 p.","numberOfPages":"113","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9837,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://sbsc.wr.usgs.gov/files/pdfs/ofr_2005-1347.pdf","size":"17999","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d5e4b07f02db548fea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Brian F.","contributorId":25644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albrecht, E.W.","contributorId":29081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albrecht","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halvorson, William Lee","contributorId":104992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, Cecilia A.","contributorId":25645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Cecilia A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anning, P.","contributorId":77249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anning","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Docherty, K.","contributorId":17321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Docherty","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":76343,"text":"ofr20051142 - 2005 - Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tumacacori National Historical Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:18","indexId":"ofr20051142","displayToPublicDate":"2006-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1142","title":"Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tumacacori National Historical Park","docAbstract":"Executive Summary\r\n\r\nThis report summarizes the results of the first comprehensive biological inventory of Tumacacori National Historical Park (NHP) in southern Arizona. These surveys were part of a larger effort to inventory vascular plants and vertebrates in eight National Park Service units in Arizona and New Mexico.\r\n\r\nFrom 2000 to 2003 we surveyed for vascular plants and vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals) at Tumacacori NHP to document presence of species within the administrative boundaries of the park's three units. Because we used repeatable study designs and standardized field techniques, these inventories can serve as the first step in a long-term monitoring program.\r\n\r\nWe recorded 591 species at Tumacacori NHP, significantly increasing the number of known species for the park (Table 1). Species of note in each taxonomic group include:\r\n* Plants: second record in Arizona of muster John Henry, a non-native species that is ranked a 'Class A noxious weed' in California;\r\n* Amphibian: Great Plains narrow-mouthed toad;\r\n* Reptiles: eastern fence lizard and Sonoran mud turtle;\r\n* Birds: yellow-billed cuckoo, green kingfisher, and one observation of the\r\nendangered southwestern willow flycatcher;\r\n* Fishes: four native species including an important population of the endangered Gila topminnow in the Tumacacori Channel;\r\n* Mammals: black bear and all four species of skunk known to occur in Arizona.\r\n\r\nWe recorded 79 non-native species (Table E.S.1), many of which are of management concern, including: Bermudagrass, tamarisk, western mosquitofish, largemouth bass, bluegill, sunfish, American bullfrog, feral cats and dogs, and cattle. We also noted an abundance of crayfish (a non-native invertebrate). We review some of the important non-native species and make recommendations to remove them or to minimize their impacts on the native biota of the park.\r\n\r\nBased on the observed species richness, Tumacacori NHP possesses high biological diversity of plants, fish, and birds for a park of its size. This richness is due in part to the ecotone between ecological provinces (Madrean and Sonoran), the geographic distribution of the three units (23 km separates the most distant units), and their close proximity to the Santa Cruz River. The mesic life zone along the river, including rare cottonwood/willow forests and adjacent mesquite bosque at the Tumacacori unit, is representative of areas that have been destroyed or degraded in many other locations in the region. Additional elements such as the semi-desert grassland vegetation community are also related to high species richness for some taxonomic groups.\r\n\r\nThis report includes lists of species recorded by us (or likely to be recorded with additional effort) and maps of study sites. We also suggest management implications and ways to maintain or enhance the unique biological resources of Tumacacori NHP: limit development adjacent to the park, exclude cattle and off-road vehicles, develop an eradication plan for non-native species, and hire a natural resource specialist. These recommendations are intended to assist park staff with addressing many of the goals set out in their most recent natural resources management plan.\r\n\r\nThis study is the first step in a long-term process of compiling information on the biological resources of Tumacacori NHP and its surrounding areas, and our findings should not be viewed as the final authority on the plants and animals of the park. Therefore, we also recommend additional inventory and monitoring studies and identify components of our effort that could be improved upon, either through the application of new techniques (e.g., use of genetic markers) or by extending the temporal and/or spatial scope of our research.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051142","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the University of Arizona, School of Natural Resources; This report supersedes Powell et al. (2002, 2003, and 2004)","usgsCitation":"Powell, B., Albrecht, E.W., Halvorson, W., Schmidt, C., Anning, P., and Docherty, K., 2005, Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Tumacacori National Historical Park (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1142, xii, 126 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051142.","productDescription":"xii, 126 p.","numberOfPages":"138","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10231,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1142/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602801","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Brian F.","contributorId":25644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albrecht, Eric W.","contributorId":8568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albrecht","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halvorson, William L.","contributorId":97194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"William L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, Cecilia A.","contributorId":25645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Cecilia A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anning, Pamela","contributorId":45789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anning","given":"Pamela","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Docherty, Kathleen","contributorId":100488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Docherty","given":"Kathleen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":76223,"text":"ofr20061062 - 2005 - Developing ecological criteria for prescribed fire in South Florida pine rockland ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T13:12:58","indexId":"ofr20061062","displayToPublicDate":"2006-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1062","title":"Developing ecological criteria for prescribed fire in South Florida pine rockland ecosystems","docAbstract":"The pine rocklands of South Florida, characterized by a rich herbaceous flora with many narrowly endemic taxa beneath an overstory of south Florida slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. densa), are found in three areas: the Miami Rock Ridge of southeastern peninsular Florida, the Lower Florida Keys, and slightly elevated portions of the southern Big Cypress National Preserve. Fire is an important element in these ecosystems, since in its absence the pine canopy is likely to be replaced by dense hardwoods, resulting in loss of the characteristic pineland herb flora. Prescribed fire has been used in Florida Keys pine forests since the creation of the National Key Deer Refuge (NKDR), with the primary aim of reducing fuels. Because fire can also be an effective tool in shaping ecological communities, we conducted a 4-year research study which explored a range of fire management options in NKDR. The intent of the study was to provide the Fish and Wildlife Service and other land managers with information regarding when and where to burn in order to perpetuate these unique forests. \r\n\r\nIn 1998 we initiated a burning experiment in a randomized complete block design. Three treatments were to be carried out in a single well-defined block in each of two characteristic understory types during each year from 1998 through 2000. One understory type was characterized by a relatively sparse shrub layer and a well-developed herb layer ('open'), and the second had a dense shrub layer and poorly developed herb layer ('shrubby'). The three burn treatments were: (a) summer burn, (b) winter burn, and (c) no burn, or control. Three 1- ha plots were established in each block, and randomly assigned to the three treatments. Though the first year experimental burns were carried out without incident, constraints posed by external factors, including nationwide and statewide prohibitions on prescribed burning due to wildfires in other regions, delayed the experimental burns and precluded collection of postburn data on one third of the burns. Ultimately we burned only eleven plots, three in winter and eight in summer, over a four-year period from 1998 to 2001. Vegetation was sampled in a stratified, nested design within 18 plots. Trees were sampled in a 1.0-ha plot, shrubs in twenty 50-m2 circular (radius 4 m) subplots within the tree plot, and the herb layer in four circular 1-m2 quadrats (radius 0.57 m) within each subplot. The amount of fuel in the shrub layer was estimated by applying regression models to plant dimensional data, and ground layer fuel was estimated by a harvest method. The effects of Key deer herbivory on regeneration of the understory pine rockland plant community after fire was studied by monitoring inside and outside exclosures established within two of the six blocks. \r\n\r\nPine trees constituted more than half (53.3%) of the biomass, but understory fine fuels comprised a surprisingly high proportion of total aboveground biomass. In the three blocks in which paired summer and winter burns were successfully conducted, the summer burns were more intense than the winter burns as judged by our indicators of fire intensity. Because of the differences in fire intensity between seasons, it was not possible to say whether observed differences in vegetation response between summer and winter burns were due to season or to fire intensity. The mortality of South Florida slash pine trees was greater after the summer burn than the winter burn in each block, but other vegetation responses were rarely as consistent. For instance, Metopium showed less recovery after summer burns in two blocks and after the winter burn in the third block. Moreover, there were instances in which alternative growth stages of the same species responded differently. Adult palms succumbed more frequently to summer than winter burns, and mortality of Coccothrinax exceeded that of Thrinax. In contrast, small palms recovered more readily after summer burns than winter burns. High in","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061062","usgsCitation":"Snyder, J.R., Ross, M.S., Koptur, S., and Sah, J.P., 2005, Developing ecological criteria for prescribed fire in South Florida pine rockland ecosystems: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1062, 109 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061062.","productDescription":"109 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7129,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fl.biology.usgs.gov/pineland/ofr2006_1062_snyder.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66732d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, James R. jim_snyder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"James","email":"jim_snyder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":287109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Michael S.","contributorId":45406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koptur, Suzanne","contributorId":75239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koptur","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sah, Jay P.","contributorId":40689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sah","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":74713,"text":"ofr20051301 - 2005 - Herpetofaunal Inventories of the National Parks of South Florida and the Caribbean: Volume II. Virgin Islands National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:05","indexId":"ofr20051301","displayToPublicDate":"2006-02-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1301","title":"Herpetofaunal Inventories of the National Parks of South Florida and the Caribbean: Volume II. Virgin Islands National Park","docAbstract":"Amphibian declines and extinctions have been documented around the world, often in protected natural areas. Concern for this alarming trend has focused attention on the need to document all species of amphibians that occur within U.S. National Parks and to search for any signs that amphibians may be declining. This study, an inventory of amphibian species in Virgin Islands National Park, was conducted from 2001 to 2003. The goals of the project were to create a georeferenced inventory of amphibian species, use new analytical techniques to estimate proportion of sites occupied by each species, look for any signs of amphibian decline (missing species, disease, die-offs, etc.), and to establish a protocol that could be used for future monitoring efforts.\r\n\r\nSeveral sampling methods were used to accomplish these goals. Visual encounter surveys and anuran vocalization surveys were conducted in all habitats throughout the park to estimate the proportion of sites or proportion of area occupied (PAO) by amphibian species in each habitat. Line transect methods were used to estimate density of some amphibian species and double observer analysis was used to refine counts based on detection probabilities. Opportunistic collections were used to augment the visual encounter methods for rare species. Data were collected during four sampling periods and every major trail system throughout the park was surveyed.\r\n\r\nAll of the amphibian species believed to occur on St. John were detected during these surveys. One species not previously reported, the Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis), was also added to the species list. That species and two others (Eleutherodactylus coqui and Eleutherodactylus lentus) bring the total number of introduced amphibians on St. John to three. We detected most of the reptile species thought to occur on St. John, but our methods were less suitable for reptiles compared to amphibians.\r\n\r\nNo amphibian species appear to be in decline at this time. We found no evidence of disease or of malformations. Our surveys provide a snapshot picture of the status of the amphibian species, so continued monitoring would be necessary to determine long-term trends, but several potential threats to amphibians were identified. Invasive species, especially the Cuban treefrog, have the potential to decrease populations of native amphibians. Introduced mammalian predators are also a potential threat, especially to the reptiles of St. John, and mammalian grazers might have indirect effects on amphibians and reptiles through habitat modification. Finally, loss of habitat to development outside the park boundary could harm some important populations of amphibians and reptiles on the island.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051301","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.G., Waddle, J., Crockett, M.E., Carthy, R., and Percival, H.F., 2005, Herpetofaunal Inventories of the National Parks of South Florida and the Caribbean: Volume II. Virgin Islands National Park (Revised and reprinted 2005 ): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1301, Report: v, 45 p.; Also available on CD-ROM., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051301.","productDescription":"Report: v, 45 p.; Also available on CD-ROM.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2005_1301.jpg"},{"id":13883,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1301/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Revised and reprinted 2005 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635bb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Kenneth G. 0000-0001-8282-1088 krice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8282-1088","contributorId":117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Kenneth","email":"krice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waddle, J. Hardin 0000-0003-1940-2133","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-2133","contributorId":89982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddle","given":"J. Hardin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crockett, Marquette E.","contributorId":70067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crockett","given":"Marquette","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carthy, R.R.","contributorId":96367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carthy","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Percival, H. Franklin percivalf@usgs.gov","contributorId":2424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.","email":"percivalf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Franklin","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":286698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":74643,"text":"sir20055240 - 2005 - Inventory of the mosses, liverworts, and lichens of Olympic National Park, Washington- Species list","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:07:01","indexId":"sir20055240","displayToPublicDate":"2006-02-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5240","title":"Inventory of the mosses, liverworts, and lichens of Olympic National Park, Washington- Species list","docAbstract":"

The identification of non-vascular cryptogam species (lichens, mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) is especially challenging because of their small size, their often microscopic or chemical distinguishing features, and their enormous diversity. Consequently, they are a poorly known component of Olympic National Park, despite their ecological and aesthetic importance. This project is the first attempt at a systematic, comprehensive survey of non-vascular cryptogams in the Park and presents the current species list with descriptions of the substrate and vascular vegetation type where they were observed. The authors strove to collect from as many park environments as feasible, and distributed collections along important environmental gradients in different regions of the park using vascular vegetation as an environmental indicator. They also collected opportunistically when interesting habitats or microhabitats were encountered. Finally, the authors updated the nomenclature in the Park’s previous collection of nonvascular plants. This study identified approximately 13,200 bryophyte and lichen species, adding approximately 425 new species to the Olympic National Park Herbarium. These data, combined with select literature reports and personal data from Martin and Karen Hutten, added more than 350 species to the previously documented Olympic Peninsula lichen and bryophyte list. The authors discuss the list in a local, regional, and global context of rarity, as well as cryptogam conservation and further work needed in Olympic National Park. The improved inventory of Olympic National Park cryptogams represented by this project enables Olympic National Park to protect populations of rare and sensitive species, assess the damage caused by illegal harvest, and contribute information to the Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service Sensitive Species Programs.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055240","usgsCitation":"Hutten, M., Woodward, A., and Hutten, K., 2005, Inventory of the mosses, liverworts, and lichens of Olympic National Park, Washington- Species list: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5240, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055240.","productDescription":"78 p.","numberOfPages":"78","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5240/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":7589,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5240/sir20055240.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2005-5240"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c5e4b07f02db53fb46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutten, M.","contributorId":65337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutten","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutten, K.","contributorId":56108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutten","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":74223,"text":"fs20053129 - 2005 - Inventory of Anchialine Pools in Hawaii's National Parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:02","indexId":"fs20053129","displayToPublicDate":"2006-02-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-3129","title":"Inventory of Anchialine Pools in Hawaii's National Parks","docAbstract":"BACKGROUND\r\n\r\nAnchialine (?near the sea?) pools are rare and localized brackish waters along coastal lava flows that exhibit tidal fluctuations without a surface connection with the ocean (Fig. 1). In Hawai`i, these pools were frequently excavated or otherwise modified by Hawaiians to serve as sources of drinking water, baths and fish ponds. National Parks in Hawai`i possess the full spectrum of pool types, from walled fish ponds to undisturbed pools in collapsed lava tubes, cracks and caves. Pools contain relatively rare and unique fauna threatened primarily by invasive species and habitat loss. In collaboration with the National Park Service?s Inventory and Monitoring Program, the U.S. Geological Survey?s Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center undertook inventories of these unique ecosystems in two National Parks on the island of Hawai`i: Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park and Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20053129","usgsCitation":"Foote, D., 2005, Inventory of Anchialine Pools in Hawaii's National Parks: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3129, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20053129.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2005_3129.jpg"},{"id":10713,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://biology.usgs.gov/pierc/Plants,_Insects_&_Ecosystems/Anchialine_pools.pdf","size":"957","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c5e4b07f02db53f91f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foote, David dfoote@usgs.gov","contributorId":375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"David","email":"dfoote@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":72847,"text":"sir20055209 - 2005 - Status of fish communities in the Rio Grande, Big Bend National Park, Texas - comparison before and after Spring 2003 period of low flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T17:56:47","indexId":"sir20055209","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5209","title":"Status of fish communities in the Rio Grande, Big Bend National Park, Texas - comparison before and after Spring 2003 period of low flow","docAbstract":"

During 2003–04 the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Park Service, re-evaluated the status of fish communities in three reaches of the Rio Grande in Big Bend National Park that originally were evaluated when the three reaches were established for study in 1999. The objective was to determine whether there were measurable differences between 1999 and 2003–04 (referred to as 2004) fish community status that likely are attributable to a rare 58-day period of low flow (less than 1 cubic meter per second) in spring 2003 at the Johnson Ranch gaging station on the Rio Grande in Big Bend National Park. The total number of fish species collected at all three sites (Boquillas, Johnson Ranch, and Santa Elena) in 1999 was greater than in 2004. The number of fish species collected at the Boquillas site in 1999 (10) was twice that collected in 2004; the number of species collected at the Johnson Ranch site in 1999 (nine) was almost twice that collected in 2004 (five). In contrast, the numbers at the Santa Elena site were nearly the same, 15 species in 1999, 14 in 2004. Percent community similarity for the Boquillas site is 8.04, for the Johnson Ranch site, 6.65, and for the Santa Elena site, 47.6, which indicates considerably more similarity between the 1999 and 2004 fish communities at the Santa Elena site than for the Boquillas and Johnson Ranch sites. At the Boquillas and Johnson Ranch sites, the fish communities shifted from small minnow (Cyprinidae) dominated in 1999 to largely gar (Lepisosteidae) and catfish (Ictaluridae) dominated in 2004. In contrast, no such shift occurred at the Santa Elena site between 1999 and 2004. Differences in flow conditions between the two downstream sites and the Santa Elena site might account for the dissimilar findings. The findings of the study provide some evidence that the spring 2003 period of low flow affected fish communities, but the findings are not definitive as other factors such as increased salinity, algal toxins, bioavailable contaminants, and exotic species can affect fish populations and, ultimately, fish community structure.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055209","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Moring, J., 2005, Status of fish communities in the Rio Grande, Big Bend National Park, Texas - comparison before and after Spring 2003 period of low flow: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5209, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055209.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20055209.PNG"},{"id":7347,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5209/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Chihuahua, Coahuila, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Big Bend National Park, Rio Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105,\n 28.5\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -101,\n 30\n ],\n [\n -101,\n 28.5\n ],\n [\n -105,\n 28.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df85f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moring, J. Bruce","contributorId":53372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moring","given":"J. Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70253053,"text":"pp1688E - 2005 - Crystalline-rock ejecta and shocked minerals of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USGS-NASA Langley core, Hampton, Virginia, with supplemental constraints on the age of impact","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70253053,"text":"pp1688E - 2005 - Crystalline-rock ejecta and shocked minerals of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USGS-NASA Langley core, Hampton, Virginia, with supplemental constraints on the age of impact","indexId":"pp1688E","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Crystalline-rock ejecta and shocked minerals of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USGS-NASA Langley core, Hampton, Virginia, with supplemental constraints on the age of impact"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":69857,"text":"pp1688 - 2005 - Studies of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: The USGS-NASA Langley corehole, Hampton, Virginia, and related coreholes and geophysical surveys","indexId":"pp1688","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"Studies of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: The USGS-NASA Langley corehole, Hampton, Virginia, and related coreholes and geophysical surveys"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":69857,"text":"pp1688 - 2005 - Studies of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: The USGS-NASA Langley corehole, Hampton, Virginia, and related coreholes and geophysical surveys","indexId":"pp1688","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"Studies of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: The USGS-NASA Langley corehole, Hampton, Virginia, and related coreholes and geophysical surveys"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T15:58:53.643859","indexId":"pp1688E","displayToPublicDate":"2005-12-01T10:45:43","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1688","chapter":"E","title":"Crystalline-rock ejecta and shocked minerals of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USGS-NASA Langley core, Hampton, Virginia, with supplemental constraints on the age of impact","docAbstract":"

The USGS-NASA Langley corehole at Hampton, Va., was drilled 2000 as the first in a series of new coreholes drilled in the late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure to gain a comprehensive understanding of its three-dimensional character. This understanding is important for assessing ground-water resources in the region, as well as for learning about marine impacts on Earth. We studied crystalline-rock ejecta and shock-metamorphosed minerals from the Langley core to determine what they reveal about the geology of crystalline rocks beneath the Atlantic Coastal Plain and how those rocks were affected by the impact. An unusual polymict diamicton, informally called the Exmore beds (upper Eocene), is 33.8 meters (m; 110.9 feet (ft)) thick and lies at a depth of 269.4 to 235.65 m (884.0 to 773.12 ft) in the core. This matrix-supported sedimentary deposit contains clasts of Tertiary and Cretaceous sediment (ranging up to boulder size) and sparse pebbles of crystalline rock. The matrix consists of muddy sand that contains abundant quartz grains and minor glauconite and potassium feldspar. Significantly, the sandy matrix of the Exmore beds contains sparse quartz grains (0.1 to 0.3 millimeter (0.004 to 0.012 inch) in diameter) that contain multiple sets of intersecting planar deformation features formerly referred to as shock lamellae. As many as five different sets have been observed in some quartz grains. Planar deformation features also occur in quartz grains in reworked crystalline-rock clasts in the Exmore beds. Such grains are clearly of shock-metamorphic origin. The presence of these features indicates that the quartz grains have experienced pressures greater than 6 gigapascals (GPa) and strain rates greater than 106/second. Thus, the shock-metamorphosed quartz grains, although rare, provide clear and convincing evidence that the Exmore beds are of hybrid impact origin. Identification of shocked quartz grains in the Langley core adds to the number of sites in the structure where their presence is confirmed. Most of the clasts of crystalline rock that are in and just below the Exmore beds are rounded, detrital, and typical of coastal plain sediments. However, a few have angular shapes and consist of cataclastically deformed felsite having aphanitic-porphyritic to aphanitic texture and peraluminous rhyolite composition. Three of these clasts contain quartz grains that display two sets of planar deformation features of shock-metamorphic origin. Shock-metamorphosed quartz is an integral part of the cataclastic fabric in these three clasts, indicating that both the fabric and the shocked quartz were produced by the same high-energy impact event. Some felsite clasts have spherulitic textures that may be features either of an impact melt or of preimpact volcanic rocks. A weighted-mean total-fusion 40Ar/39Ar age of 35.3±0.1 Ma (±lσ) for 19 analyses of 4 North American tektites records the age of the late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact event.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: The USGS-NASA Langley corehole, Hampton, Virginia, and related coreholes and geophysical surveys (Professional Paper 1688)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1688E","usgsCitation":"Horton,, J., and Izett, G., 2005, Crystalline-rock ejecta and shocked minerals of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USGS-NASA Langley core, Hampton, Virginia, with supplemental constraints on the age of impact: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1688, iv, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1688E.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p.","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427845,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":427844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/2005/1688/ak/PP1688_chapE.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.607421875,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -75.21240234375,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -75.21240234375,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -77.607421875,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -77.607421875,\n 37.19533058280065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton,, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":219824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton,","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":899030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Izett, G. A.","contributorId":118300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izett","given":"G. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":899031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":72693,"text":"ds134 - 2005 - South San Francisco Bay tidal marsh vegetation and elevation surveys-Corkscrew Marsh, Bird Island, and Palo Alto Baylands, California, 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:59","indexId":"ds134","displayToPublicDate":"2005-11-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"134","title":"South San Francisco Bay tidal marsh vegetation and elevation surveys-Corkscrew Marsh, Bird Island, and Palo Alto Baylands, California, 1983","docAbstract":"Changes in the topography and ecology of the San Francisco Bay Estuary ('Estuary') during the past 200 years have resulted in the loss of nearly 80 percent of the historical salt marsh in the region. Currently, numerous projects are being undertaken by federal, state, and local governments in an attempt to restore wetland habitat and ecosystem function at a number of locations within the Estuary. Much information is needed concerning the historical topographic and ecologic characteristics of the Estuary to facilitate these restoration efforts. \r\n\r\nThis report presents previously unpublished vegetation and elevation data collected in 1983 by the California State Lands Commission at Corkscrew marsh, Bird Island, and Palo Alto Baylands, all located in South San Francisco Bay. These precise and detailed elevation and plant surveys represent a snapshot of South Bay flora before invasion by the Atlantic smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora. Such precise elevation data are rare for relatively undisturbed marshes in the San Francisco Bay; publication of these historical data may facilitate wetland restoration efforts.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nMarsh-surface and tidal-channel elevations were determined at a total of 962 stations by differential leveling to established tidal benchmark stations at each site and referenced to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) relative to the National Tidal Datum Epoch (1960-78). In addition, presence or absence of nine salt marsh species, percentage plant cover, and percentage bare soil were recorded for 1-square meter quadrats at 648 stations where elevations were determined. \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCollectively, over the three sites, salt marsh vegetation ranged in elevation from 0.98 to 2.94 m above MLLW. S. foliosa and Salicornia virginica were the most frequently observed plant species. Atriplex patula, Deschampsia cespitosa, and Limonium californicum were each recorded at only one of the three sites.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ds134","usgsCitation":"Orlando, J., Drexler, J.Z., and Dedrick, K.G., 2005, South San Francisco Bay tidal marsh vegetation and elevation surveys-Corkscrew Marsh, Bird Island, and Palo Alto Baylands, California, 1983 (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 134, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds134.","productDescription":"51 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193209,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7110,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2005/134/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7373","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":95954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drexler, Judy Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":65155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judy","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dedrick, Kent G.","contributorId":21238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dedrick","given":"Kent","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":72321,"text":"sir20055131 - 2005 - Sediment studies in the Assabet River, central Massachusetts, 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:55","indexId":"sir20055131","displayToPublicDate":"2005-09-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5131","title":"Sediment studies in the Assabet River, central Massachusetts, 2003","docAbstract":"From its headwaters in Westborough, Massachusetts, to its confluence with the Sudbury River, the 53-kilometer-long Assabet River passes through a series of small towns and mixed land-use areas. Along the way, wastewater-treatment plants release nutrient-rich effluents that contribute to the eutrophic state of this waterway. This condition is most obvious where the river is impounded by a series of dams that have sequestered large amounts of sediment and support rooted and floating macrophytes and epiphytic algae. The water in parts of these impoundments may also have low concentrations of dissolved oxygen, another symptom of eutrophication.\r\n\r\nAll of the impoundments had relatively shallow maximum water depths, which ranged from approximately 2.4 to 3.4 meters, and all had extensive shallow areas. Sediment volumes estimated for the six impoundments ranged from approximately 380 cubic meters in the Aluminum City impoundment to 580,000 cubic meters in the Ben Smith impoundment. The other impoundments had sediment volumes of 120,000 cubic meters (Powdermill), 67,000 cubic meters (Gleasondale), 55,000 cubic meters (Hudson), and 42,000 cubic meters (Allen Street).\r\n\r\nThe principal objective of this study was the determination of sediment volume, extent, and chemistry, in particular, the characterization of toxic inorganic and organic chemicals in the sediments. To determine the bulk-sediment chemical-constituent concentrations, more than one hundred sediment cores were collected in pairs from the six impoundments. One core from each pair was sampled for inorganic constituents and the other for organic constituents. Most of the cores analyzed for inorganics were sectioned to provide information on the vertical distribution of analytes; a subset of the cores analyzed for organics was also sectioned. Approximately 200 samples were analyzed for inorganic constituents and 100 for organics; more than 10 percent were quality-control replicate or blank samples.\r\n\r\nMaximum bulk-sediment phosphorus concentrations in surface samples from the impoundments increased along a downstream gradient, with the exception of samples from the last impoundment, where the concentrations decreased. In addition, the highest phosphorus concentrations were generally in the surface samples; this finding may prove helpful if surface dredging is selected as a means to control phosphorus release from sediments. There is no known relation, however, between bulk-sediment concentration of phosphorus and the concentrations of phosphorus available to biota.\r\n\r\nPotentially toxic metals, including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc were frequently measured at concentrations that exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sediment-quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life and that occasionally exceeded Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection guidelines governing landfill disposal (reuse). Due to the effects of matrix interference and sample dilution on laboratory analyses, neither pesticides nor volatile organic compounds were detected at any sites. However, samples collected in other studies from nearby streams indicated the possibility that pesticides might have been detected in the impoundments if not for these analytical problems. Although polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations, as individual Aroclors, generally exceeded published U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guideline concentrations for potential effects on aquatic life, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guideline concentrations for human contact or the Massachusetts guidelines for landfill reuse were rarely exceeded. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, both individually and total, frequently were greater than guideline concentrations. Concentrations of total extractable petroleum hydrocarbons did not exceed Massachusetts guideline concentrations in any samples.\r\n\r\nWhen the sediment analytes from surface samples are considered togethe","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20055131","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, M.J., and Sorenson, J.R., 2005, Sediment studies in the Assabet River, central Massachusetts, 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5131, vi, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055131.","productDescription":"vi, 90 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7274,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5131/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbf52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Marc J. mzimmerm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Marc","email":"mzimmerm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorenson, Jason R. 0000-0001-5553-8594 jsorenso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5553-8594","contributorId":3468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorenson","given":"Jason","email":"jsorenso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70850,"text":"sir20055088 - 2005 - Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 5. Well installation, water-level data, and surface- and ground-water geochemistry in the Straight Creek drainage basin, Red River Valley, New Mexico, 2001-03","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-07T21:44:24.20616","indexId":"sir20055088","displayToPublicDate":"2005-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5088","title":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 5. Well installation, water-level data, and surface- and ground-water geochemistry in the Straight Creek drainage basin, Red River Valley, New Mexico, 2001-03","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department, is investigating the pre-mining ground-water chemistry at the Molycorp molybdenum mine in the Red River Valley, northern New Mexico. The primary approach is to determine the processes controlling ground-water chemistry at an unmined, off-site, proximal analog. The Straight Creek drainage basin, chosen for this purpose, consists of the same quartz-sericite-pyrite altered andesitic and rhyolitic volcanic rock of Tertiary age as the mine site. The weathered and rugged volcanic bedrock surface is overlain by heterogeneous debris-flow deposits that interfinger with alluvial deposits near the confluence of Straight Creek and the Red River. Pyritized rock in the upper part of the drainage basin is the source of acid rock drainage (pH 2.8-3.3) that infiltrates debris-flow deposits containing acidic ground water (pH 3.0-4.0) and bedrock containing water of circumneutral pH values (5.6-7.7). Eleven observation wells were installed in the Straight Creek drainage basin. The wells were completed in debris-flow deposits, bedrock, and interfingering debris-flow and Red River alluvial deposits. Chemical analyses of ground water from these wells, combined with chemical analyses of surface water, water-level data, and lithologic and geophysical logs, provided information used to develop an understanding of the processes contributing to the chemistry of ground water in the Straight Creek drainage basin. Surface- and ground-water samples were routinely collected for determination of total major cations and selected trace metals; dissolved major cations, selected trace metals, and rare-earth elements; anions and alkalinity; and dissolved-iron species. Rare-earth elements were determined on selected samples only. Samples were collected for determination of dissolved organic carbon, mercury, sulfur isotopic composition (34S and 18O of sulfate), and water isotopic composition (2H and 18O) during selected samplings. One set of ground-water samples was collected for helium-3/tritium and chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) age dating. Several lines of evidence indicate that surface water is the primary input to the Straight Creek ground-water system. Straight Creek streamflow and water levels in wells closest to the apex of the Straight Creek debris fan and closest to Straight Creek itself appear to respond to the same seasonal inputs. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions in Straight Creek surface water and ground water are similar, and concentrations of most dissolved constituents in most Straight Creek surface-water and shallow (debris-flow and alluvial) aquifer ground-water samples correlate strongly with sulfate (concentrations decrease linearly with sulfate in a downgradient direction). After infiltration of surface water, dilution along the flow path is the dominant mechanism controlling ground-water chemistry. However, concentrations of some constituents can be higher in ground water than can be accounted for by concentrations in Straight Creek surface water, and additional sources of these constituents must therefore be inferred. Constituents for which concentrations in ground water can be high relative to surface water include calcium, magnesium, strontium, silica, sodium, and potassium in ground water from debris-flow and alluvial aquifers and manganese, calcium, magnesium, strontium, sodium, and potassium in ground water from the bedrock aquifer. All ground water is a calcium sulfate type, often at or near gypsum saturation because of abundant gypsum in the aquifer material developed from co-existing calcite and pyrite mineralization. Calcite dissolution, the major buffering mechanism for bedrock aquifer ground water, also contributes to relatively higher calcium concentrations in some ground water. The main source of the second most abundant cation, magnesium, is probably dissolution of magnesium-rich carbonates or silicates. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055088","usgsCitation":"Naus, C.A., McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., Donohoe, L.C., Hunt, A.G., Paillet, F.L., Morin, R.H., and Verplanck, P.L., 2005, Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 5. Well installation, water-level data, and surface- and ground-water geochemistry in the Straight Creek drainage basin, Red River Valley, New Mexico, 2001-03: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5088, 228 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055088.","productDescription":"228 p.","temporalStart":"2001-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6483,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20055088/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":395574,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_72161.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Red River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.4292,\n 36.695\n ],\n [\n -105.4606,\n 36.695\n ],\n [\n -105.4606,\n 36.7311\n ],\n [\n -105.4292,\n 36.7311\n ],\n [\n -105.4292,\n 36.695\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a0e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naus, Cheryl A.","contributorId":82749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naus","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":283127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":283132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Donohoe, Lisa C.","contributorId":69638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donohoe","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":283126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":38191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Morin, Roger H. rhmorin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Roger","email":"rhmorin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":283128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":283125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70828,"text":"pp1704 - 2005 - Channel and hillslope processes revisited in the Arroyo de los Frijoles watershed near Santa Fe, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T16:40:44","indexId":"pp1704","displayToPublicDate":"2005-07-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1704","title":"Channel and hillslope processes revisited in the Arroyo de los Frijoles watershed near Santa Fe, New Mexico","docAbstract":"

Detailed documentation of geomorphic changes in the landscape of more than a few years is rarely possible. Channel cross sections, channel profiles, sediment deposition behind dams, and hillslope-erosion plots, originally benchmarked within several watersheds outside Santa Fe, New Mexico, in the 1950’s and 1960’s, for a 1966 report that documented processes and rates of arid-region sediment production and deposition, were resurveyed in the mid-1990’s. Many of the original study sites were relocated and surveyed in the mid-1990’s to determine subsequent channel and hillslope changes and to determine whether trends of channel and hillslope aggradation and degradation that were evident in the 1950’s and 1960’s have continued. In general, the net change in channel geometry has been small over the last 30–40 years. The average change in cross-sectional area of 32 resurveyed cross sections was erosion of 0.27 square meter, which equates to a 4-percent increase in cross-sectional area. The average net change in thalweg elevation for 51 resurveyed cross sections was degradation of 0.04 meter. Unpublished data (1964–68) from the scour chains showed that 371 chains had an average scour of 0.14 ± 0.14 meter and that 372 chains showed an average fill of 0.13 + 0.11 meter. Scour, found in the original study (1958–64) to be proportional to the square root of discharge, was confirmed with the addition of unpublished data (1964–68). The observed channel changes have no consistent trend, compared either to results observed in the original 1966 study or to distance from the watershed divide. The conclusion drawn in the original study was that most channels were aggrading; the resurvey showed that aggradation did not continue.

An increase in housing and population in the Arroyo de los Frijoles watershed since the 1950’s has led to more roads. Channel degradation is most noticeable at road crossings. The greatest degradation of the main channel Arroyo de los Frijoles, 1.53 meters, and the greatest aggradation, 0.38 meter, occur downstream and upstream, respectively, from a culvert in a dirt road.

Periods of high average annual rainfall intensity reported for Santa Fe for 1853–80 immediately preceded late 19th century arroyo incision, and another period of high-intensity rainfall began in 1967. This may indicate that climatic factors are again favorable for arroyo incision in this part of New Mexico; data from this resurvey, however, do not provide evidence of a renewed cycle of erosion.

At a 1930’s Civilian Conservation Corps-constructed dam on Coyote C. Arroyo, the measured sediment yield from 1966 to 1993 was 139 metric tonnes per square kilometer per year. Sediment yields have decreased through time because of either a decrease in the trap efficiency of the reservoir over time or a decrease in sediment delivery to the reservoir because of upstream channel storage. The effects of base-level rise on the channel profile were documented in 1993 through resurveys of sediment deposits behind two small dams, Big Sweat Dam and Little Sweat Dam. Both dams, built in 1960, showed sediment deposition that extends 20 and 9.3 meters upstream, respectively, and the 1993 sediment gradient was nearly the same as the unaffected channel upstream. Big Sweat Dam showed fluctuations in channel gradient within 5.3 meters of the dam, which may be a result of local scour following complete filling of the dam, scour from increased sinuosity, or differences in the location of surveying stations over time. The sinuosity of the channel has increased over time, presumably from a reduction in slope. Channel gradients 0 to 11.0 meters upstream from Little Sweat Dam have remained constant at about 0.028 from 1964 to 1993.

Measurement of erosion or hillslope-erosion plots show that average values of surface erosion range from 0.019 to 0.096 centimeters per year and are within values reported for regional erosion and denudation studies. Sediment yield from the Slopewash Tributary erosion plot was 307 metric tonnes per square kilometer per year.

The reproducibility and accuracy of the resurveys from the 1950’s to the 1990’s attest to the concepts used to quantify geomorphic features established in the Vigil Network. With relatively simple techniques, more than 30 years of geomorphic change were observed in this study.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1704","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department\r\n\r\n","usgsCitation":"Gellis, A., Emmett, W.W., and Leopold, L.B., 2005, Channel and hillslope processes revisited in the Arroyo de los Frijoles watershed near Santa Fe, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1704, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1704.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"63","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121197,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1704.jpg"},{"id":6591,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/pp1704/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Arroyo de los Frijoles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.025,\n 35.78333\n ],\n [\n -105.925,\n 35.78333\n ],\n [\n -105.925,\n 35.6754\n ],\n [\n -106.025,\n 35.675\n ],\n [\n -106.025,\n 35.78333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e6475","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":1709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen C.","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":283097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emmett, William W.","contributorId":68715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmett","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leopold, Luna Bergere","contributorId":93884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Luna","email":"","middleInitial":"Bergere","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70806,"text":"sir20055050 - 2005 - Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 14. Interpretation of ground-water geochemistry in catchments other than the Straight Creek catchment, Red River Valley, Taos County, New Mexico, 2002-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-18T19:06:18.48466","indexId":"sir20055050","displayToPublicDate":"2005-07-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5050","title":"Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 14. Interpretation of ground-water geochemistry in catchments other than the Straight Creek catchment, Red River Valley, Taos County, New Mexico, 2002-2003","docAbstract":"

 The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department, is investigating the pre-mining ground-water chemistry at the Molycorp molybdenum mine in the Red River Valley, New Mexico. The primary approach is to determine the processes controlling ground-water chemistry at an unmined, off-site but proximal analog. The Straight Creek catchment, chosen for this purpose, consists of the same Tertiary-age quartz-sericite-pyrite altered andesite and rhyolitic volcanics as the mine site. Straight Creek is about 5 kilometers east of the eastern boundary of the mine site. Both Straight Creek and the mine site are at approximately the same altitude, face south, and have the same climatic conditions.

    Thirteen wells in the proximal analog drainage catchment were sampled for ground-water chemistry. Eleven wells were installed for this study and two existing wells at the Advanced Waste-Water Treatment (AWWT) facility were included in this study. Eight wells were sampled outside the Straight Creek catchment: one each in the Hansen, Hottentot, and La Bobita debris fans, four in a well cluster in upper Capulin Canyon (three in alluvial deposits and one in bedrock), and an existing well at the U.S. Forest Service Questa Ranger Station in Red River alluvial deposits. Two surface waters from the Hansen Creek catchment and two from the Hottentot drainage catchment also were sampled for comparison to ground-water compositions. In this report, these samples are evaluated to determine if the geochemical interpretations from the Straight Creek ground-water geochemistry could be extended to other ground waters in the Red River Valley , including the mine site.

    Total-recoverable major cations and trace metals and dissolved major cations, selected trace metals, anions, alkalinity; and iron-redox species were determined for all surface- and ground-water samples. Rare-earth elements and low-level As, Bi, Mo, Rb, Re, Sb, Se, Te, Th, U, Tl, V, W, Y, and Zr were determined on selected samples. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), mercury, sulfate stable isotope composition (δ34S and δ18O of sulfate), stable isotope composition of water (δ2H and δ18O of water) were measured for selected samples.  Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and 3He and 3H were measured for age dating on selected samples.

    Linear regressions from the Straight Creek ground-water data were used to compare ground-water chemistry trends in non-Straight Creek ground waters with Straight Creek alluvial ground-water chemistry dilution trends. Most of the solute trends for the ground waters are similar to those for Straight Creek but there are some notable exceptions. In lithologies that contain substantial pyrite mineralization, acid waters form with similar chemistries to those in Straight Creek and all the waters tend to be calcium-sulfate type. Hottentot ground waters contain substantially lower calcium concentrations relative to those in Straight Creek. This anomaly results from the exposure of rhyolite porphyry in the Hottentot scar and weathering zone. The rhyolite contains less calcium than the altered andesites and tuffs in the Straight Creek catchment and probably does not have the abundant gypsum and calcite. The Hansen ground waters have reached gypsum saturation and have similar calcium, magnesium, and beryllium concentrations as Straight Creek ground waters but have lower concentrations of fluoride, manganese, zinc, cobalt, nickel, copper, and lithium. Lower concentrations of elements related to mineralization at Hansen likely reflect the more distal location of Hansen with respect to intrusive centers that provided the heat source for hydrothermal alteration.

    The other ground water with water chemistry trends that are outside the Straight Creek trends was from an alluvial well from Capulin Canyon (CC2A). Although it had pH values near 6.0 and most major ions similar to the other Capulin Canyon ground waters, it contained high concentrations of fluoride, manganese, aluminum, iron, beryllium, and zinc similar to a mineralized zone and had low alkalinity.

    Saturation indices indicate that solubility constraints continue to provide upper limits on some solute concentrations. Siderite, ferrihydrite, calcite, gypsum, rhodochrosite, and barite provide limits for concentrations of Fe(II), Fe(III), Ca, Mn, and Ba, respectively. Beryllium concentrations may be subject to an upper concentration limit by the solubility of Be(OH)2 but these concentrations probably are not reached in the ground waters.

    Ground-water isotopic data were consistent with the meteoric water line estimated for precipitation in the Red River Valley, indicating that all the ground waters examined in this study were meteoric, recent in origin, and showed no substantial indication of evaporation. Tritium-helium-3 and chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) age dating were partially successful. Generally, dates were consistent with location and depth of wells. Two samples had good agreement between CFC dates and tritium-helium dates, whereas a third reflected either substantial mixing with younger or older waters or complications arising from excess helium-4. The well at La Bobita appeared to contain a large component of modern water, most likely as a result of mixing with water from Red River alluvial deposits.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055050","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., McCleskey, R.B., Hunt, A.G., and Naus, C.A., 2005, Questa baseline and pre-mining ground-water quality investigation. 14. Interpretation of ground-water geochemistry in catchments other than the Straight Creek catchment, Red River Valley, Taos County, New Mexico, 2002-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5050, viii, 84 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055050.","productDescription":"viii, 84 p.","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193185,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6559,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20055050/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":415932,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_73766.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Taos County","otherGeospatial":"Red River Valley, Straight Creek catchment","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.475,\n 36.7167\n ],\n [\n -105.475,\n 36.7\n ],\n [\n -105.4278,\n 36.7\n ],\n [\n -105.4278,\n 36.7167\n ],\n [\n -105.475,\n 36.7167\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a0c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":283055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":283053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":283052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naus, Cheryl A.","contributorId":82749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naus","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210257,"text":"70210257 - 2005 - Molecular identification of cypripedioid orchids in international trade","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T21:17:59.620552","indexId":"70210257","displayToPublicDate":"2005-05-26T16:12:15","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3373,"text":"Selbyana","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular identification of cypripedioid orchids in international trade","docAbstract":"

Two cypripedioid orchid genera, Paphiopedilum and Phragmipedium, are listed in Appendix I of CITES and are restricted from international trade. Because of their morphological similarity to other genera, however, they may be disguised as belonging to one of the other cypripedioids listed along with other orchids in Appendix II of CITES. Sequence analysis was performed on the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of ribosomal DNA of cypripedioid orchids to develop a molecular marker system capable of discriminating among rare species in trade. Molecular analyses concentrated on rare cypripedioid orchids from the genera Paphiopedilum and Phragmipedium, which are known to be poached from the wild and smuggled across international borders disguised as common species. A total of 48 taxa representing two genera {Paphiopedilum, N = 43; Phragmipedium, N = 5) have been sequenced and compared for distinc- tiveness. Phylogenetic analyses clearly distinguish between these two genera and among other cypripedioid genera, with 5-10 fixed nucleotide differences reported between genera. Within a genus, sections of closely related taxa are recoverable in phylogenetic analyses, in most cases, with low sequence divergence within sections. ITS sequences available in GenBank have been aligned with data generated for this project, resulting in a comprehensive sequence library of 151 sequences representing all genera of cypripedioid orchids: 70 Paphiopedilum taxa, 16 Phragmipedium taxa, and 14 Cypripedium taxa, as well as represen- tatives from Selenipedium and the monotypic genus Mexipedium (Phragmipedium) xerophyticum. Addi- tionally, several organelle intron regions have been screened for variation among genera and species. Both the chloroplast řrnS-M and the mitochondrial NAD1 intron regions, which varied between genera in nu- cleotide substitutions and indels, hold promise for increasing ability to distinguish between these orchids. The set of DNA markers examined for this project are diagnostic of these genera, appear to be robust, and are suitable for rapid assay to avoid unnecessary complication in the legitimate trade of orchids listed in CITES Appendix

","language":"English","publisher":"Marie Selby Botanical Gardens Inc","usgsCitation":"Morrison, C., Hovatter, K., Eackles, M.S., Spidle, A., and King, T., 2005, Molecular identification of cypripedioid orchids in international trade: Selbyana, v. 26, no. 1-2, p. 196-216.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"196","endPage":"216","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375048,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl 0000-0001-9425-691X cmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":202644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hovatter, Katie","contributorId":224949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hovatter","given":"Katie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eackles, Michael S. meackles@usgs.gov","contributorId":4371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eackles","given":"Michael","email":"meackles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spidle, A.P.","contributorId":93429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spidle","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70584,"text":"sir20055095 - 2005 - Water quality of streams in the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 1970-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T13:36:05","indexId":"sir20055095","displayToPublicDate":"2005-05-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5095","title":"Water quality of streams in the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 1970-2001","docAbstract":"

Data for the Red River of the North (Red River) Basin in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota were analyzed to determine whether the water quality of streams in the basin is adequate to meet future needs. For the Red River at Emerson, Manitoba, site, pH values, water temperatures, and dissolved-oxygen concentrations generally were within the criteria established for the protection of aquatic life. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 245 to 1,100 milligrams per liter. Maximum sulfate and chloride concentrations were near, but did not exceed, the established secondary maximum contaminant level. The trace elements considered potentially harmful generally were at concentrations that were less than the established guidelines, standards, and criteria. The concentrations of lead that were detected may have occurred as a result of sample contamination. 

 For the Red River upstream from Emerson, Manitoba, sites, pH and other field values rarely exceeded the criteria established for the protection of aquatic life. Many constituent concentrations for the Red River below Fargo, N. site exceeded water-quality guidelines, standards, and criteria. However, the trace-element exceedances could be natural or could be related to pollution or sample contamination.

 Many of the tributaries in the western part of the Red River Basin had median specific-conductance values that were greater than 1,000 microsiemens per centimeter. Sulfate concentrations occasionally exceeded the established drinking-water standard. Median arsenic concentrations were 6 micrograms per liter or less, and maximum concentrations rarely exceeded the 10-microgram-per-liter drinking-water standard that is scheduled to take effect in 2006. The small concentrations of lead, mercury, and selenium that occasionally were detected may have been a result of sample contamination or other factors. The tributaries in the eastern part of the Red River Basin had median specific-conductance values that were less than 1,000 microsiemens per centimeter. 

 Concentrations of pesticides that were detected and that had regulatory limits were less than the cited water-quality guidelines, standards, and criteria. Concentrations of compounds that were detected generally were less than the sediment- quality standards and criteria.

 The data considered in this report generally provide a good baseline from which to evaluate changes in water-quality conditions. However, because many of the trace elements detected, including lead and mercury, may have been the result of sample contamination, additional data are needed to confirm that trace-element concentrations generally are low. Concentrations of major ions, including sulfate, and specific conductance may continue to approach drinking-water standards during periods of low flow because the streams, particularly those in the western part of the basin, are sustained mostly by ground-water discharge that generally has large dissolved-solids concentrations.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055095","usgsCitation":"Tornes, L.H., 2005, Water quality of streams in the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 1970-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5095, vi, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055095.","productDescription":"vi, 81 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":185743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6888,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir20055095/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":352611,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5095/pdf/report.pdf"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -101,45.8 ], [ -101,79 ], [ -94.43333333333334,79 ], [ -94.43333333333334,45.8 ], [ -101,45.8 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699125","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tornes, Lan H.","contributorId":70484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornes","given":"Lan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70368,"text":"b2209J - 2005 - Chapter J: Issues and challenges in the application of geostatistics and spatial-data analysis to the characterization of sand-and-gravel resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:45","indexId":"b2209J","displayToPublicDate":"2005-04-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2209","chapter":"J","title":"Chapter J: Issues and challenges in the application of geostatistics and spatial-data analysis to the characterization of sand-and-gravel resources","docAbstract":"Sand-and-gravel (aggregate) resources are a critical component of the Nation's infrastructure, yet aggregate-mining technologies lag far behind those of metalliferous mining and other sectors. Deposit-evaluation and site-characterization methodologies are antiquated, and few serious studies of the potential applications of spatial-data analysis and geostatistics have been published. However, because of commodity usage and the necessary proximity of a mine to end use, aggregate-resource exploration and evaluation differ fundamentally from comparable activities for metalliferous ores. Acceptable practices, therefore, can reflect this cruder scale. The increasing use of computer technologies is colliding with the need for sand-and-gravel mines to modernize and improve their overall efficiency of exploration, mine planning, scheduling, automation, and other operations. The emergence of megaquarries in the 21st century will also be a contributing factor. \r\n\r\nPreliminary research into the practical applications of exploratory-data analysis (EDA) have been promising. For example, EDA was used to develop a linear-regression equation to forecast freeze-thaw durability from absorption values for Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks mined for crushed aggregate from quarries in Oklahoma. Applications of EDA within a spatial context, a method of spatial-data analysis, have also been promising, as with the investigation of undeveloped sand-and-gravel resources in the sedimentary deposits of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, Utah. \r\n\r\nFormal geostatistical investigations of sand-and-gravel deposits are quite rare, and the primary focus of those studies that have been completed is on the spatial characterization of deposit thickness and its subsequent effect on ore reserves. A thorough investigation of a gravel deposit in an active aggregate-mining area in central Essex, U.K., emphasized the problems inherent in the geostatistical characterization of particle-size-analysis data. Beyond such factors as common drilling methods jeopardizing the accuracy of the size-distribution curve, the application of formal geostatistical principles has other limitations. Many of the variables used in evaluating gravel deposits, including such sedimentologic parameters as sorting and such United Soil Classification System parameters as gradation coefficient, are nonadditive. Also, uniform sampling methods, such as drilling, are relatively uncommon, and sampling is generally accomplished by a combination of boreholes, water-well logs, test pits, trenches, stratigraphic columns from exposures, and, possibly, some geophysical cross sections. When evaluated in consideration of the fact that uniform mining blocks are also uncommon in practice, subsequent complexities in establishment of the volume/variance relation are inevitable. \r\n\r\nSeveral approaches exist to confront the limitations of geostatistical methods in evaluating sand-and-gravel deposits. Initially, we must acknowledge the practical requirements of the aggregate industry, as well as the limitations of the data collected by that industry, as a function of what the industry requires at the practical level, and consider that broader acceptance of formal geostatistics may require modifications of typical exploration and sampling protocols. \r\n\r\nFuture investigations should utilize data from the full spectrum of sand-and-gravel deposits (flood plain, glacial, catastrophic flood, and marine), integrate such other disci plines as sedimentology and geophysics into the research, develop commodity-specific approaches to nonadditive variables, and include the results of comparative drilling. ","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Industrial-Minerals Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b2209J","usgsCitation":"Hack, D.R., 2005, Chapter J: Issues and challenges in the application of geostatistics and spatial-data analysis to the characterization of sand-and-gravel resources (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2209, iii, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2209J.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":186409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6530,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2209-j/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9363,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2209/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5600","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hack, Daniel R.","contributorId":81572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hack","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70184400,"text":"70184400 - 2005 - Inhibition of microbial metabolism in anaerobic lagoons by selected sulfonamides, tetracyclines, lincomycin, and tylosin tartrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T10:17:28","indexId":"70184400","displayToPublicDate":"2005-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inhibition of microbial metabolism in anaerobic lagoons by selected sulfonamides, tetracyclines, lincomycin, and tylosin tartrate","docAbstract":"

Antibiotics are used to maintain healthy livestock and to promote weight gain in concentrated animal feed operations. Antibiotics rarely are metabolized completely by livestock and, thus, are often present in livestock waste and in waste-treatment lagoons. The introduction of antibiotics into anaerobic lagoons commonly used for swine waste treatment has the potential for negative impacts on lagoon performance, which relies on a consortium of microbes ranging from fermentative microorganisms to methanogens. To address this concern, the effects of eight common veterinary antibiotics on anaerobic activity were studied. Anaerobic microcosms, prepared from freshly collected lagoon slurries, were amended with individual antibiotics at 10 mg/L for the initial screening study and at 1, 5, and 25 mg/L for the dose-response study. Monitored metabolic indicators included hydrogen, methane, and volatile fatty acid concentrations as well as chemical oxygen demand. The selected antibiotics significantly inhibited methane production relative to unamended controls, thus indicating that antibiotics at concentrations commonly found in swine lagoons can negatively impact anaerobic metabolism. Additionally, historical antibiotic usage seems to be a potential factor in affecting methane production. Specifically, less inhibition of methane production was noted in samples taken from the lagoon with a history of multiple-antibiotic use.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/04-093R.1","usgsCitation":"Loftin, K.A., Henny, C., Adams, C.D., Surampali, R., and Mormile, M.R., 2005, Inhibition of microbial metabolism in anaerobic lagoons by selected sulfonamides, tetracyclines, lincomycin, and tylosin tartrate: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 24, no. 4, p. 782-788, https://doi.org/10.1897/04-093R.1.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"782","endPage":"788","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337081,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c1263fe4b014cc3a3d34c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loftin, Keith A. 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Cynthia","contributorId":187686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henny","given":"Cynthia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Craig D.","contributorId":33586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Surampali, Rao","contributorId":187687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Surampali","given":"Rao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mormile, Melanie R.","contributorId":187688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mormile","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70198852,"text":"70198852 - 2005 - Ground water to surface water: Chemistry of thermal outflows in Yellowstone National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:55:10","indexId":"70198852","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T18:51:38","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Ground water to surface water: Chemistry of thermal outflows in Yellowstone National Park","docAbstract":"

Geothermal waters in the earth’s subsurface boil with steam separation and may mix with dilute ground waters (that may or may not contain sulfuric acid from sulfur oxidation), resulting in a wide range of compositions when they discharge and emerge at the surface. As they discharge onto the ground surface they undergo evaporative cooling, degassing, oxidation, and mineral precipitation. Within this aquatic environment of rapidly changing physical and chemical parameters, numerous microbial communities develop—some of which affect oxidation and mineral precipitation. Microbes are responsible for rapid oxidation of iron and arsenic in thermal outflows, and for catalyzing the production of sulfuric acid from the oxidation of elemental sulfur. The attractive visual display of colors observed in Yellowstone’s geothermal waters reflects this interplay of physical, chemical, and biological phenomena.
Oxidation of dissolved sulfide to thiosulfate occurs abiotically, and thiosulfate can be found in many of Yellowstone’s thermal waters—at any pH, temperature, and composition. Polythionates, on the other hand, are rarely found in Yellowstone waters but are associated with sulfur hydrolysis in Cinder Pool. Oxidation rates of iron and arsenic in overflows have been estimated at 1-3 mM/h and 0.04-0.1 mM/h, respectively—orders of magnitude faster than the abiotic rate. The abiotic production of thiosulfate from oxidation of dissolved sulfi de at Angel Terrace and Ojo Caliente is about 3-30 µM/min, faster by 2-3 orders of magnitude than the laboratory rate at 25°C. The partitioning of dissolved sulfide between that volatilized to the air and that oxidized to thiosulfate has been estimated at Angel Terrace and at Ojo Caliente. For the pH range of 6-8 and the temperature range of 50-93°C, 67-86% of the dissolved sulfide is lost to the atmosphere and 10-33% is oxidized to thiosulfate. Only a very small percentage, if any, forms elemental sulfur under these conditions.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geothermal biology and geochemistry in Yellowstone National Park","language":"English","publisher":"Montana State University","publisherLocation":"Bozeman, Montana","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., Ball, J.W., and McCleskey, R.B., 2005, Ground water to surface water: Chemistry of thermal outflows in Yellowstone National Park, chap. of Geothermal biology and geochemistry in Yellowstone National Park, p. 73-94.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"94","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":356641,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.rcn.montana.edu/Publications/Pdf/2005/Nordstrom.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.368408203125,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -109.522705078125,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -109.522705078125,\n 45.19752230305682\n ],\n [\n -111.368408203125,\n 45.19752230305682\n ],\n [\n -111.368408203125,\n 43.67581809328341\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98c7c3e4b0702d0e8465ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":743095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ball, James W.","contributorId":38946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":743097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}