{"pageNumber":"1030","pageRowStart":"25725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":70194915,"text":"70194915 - 2006 - Evaluating hydraulic conductivity of desert soils at the Amargosa Desert Research Site near Beatty, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-29T15:55:08","indexId":"70194915","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Evaluating hydraulic conductivity of desert soils at the Amargosa Desert Research Site near Beatty, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Nevada, Las Vegas","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J., 2006, Evaluating hydraulic conductivity of desert soils at the Amargosa Desert Research Site near Beatty, Nevada, 111 p.","productDescription":"111 p.","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","city":"Beatty","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert Research Site","publicComments":"M.S. Thesis, University of Nevada, Las Vegas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7040d7e4b06e28e9cae4f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, J.W.","contributorId":24331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028937,"text":"70028937 - 2006 - Evaluation of energy expenditure in adult spring Chinook salmon migrating upstream in the Columbia River Basin: an assessment based on sequential proximate analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T15:22:18","indexId":"70028937","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of energy expenditure in adult spring Chinook salmon migrating upstream in the Columbia River Basin: an assessment based on sequential proximate analysis","docAbstract":"<p>The upstream migration of adult anadromous salmonids in the Columbia River Basin (CRB) has been dramatically altered and fish may be experiencing energetically costly delays at dams. To explore this notion, we estimated the energetic costs of migration and reproduction of Yakima River-bound spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha using a sequential analysis of their proximate composition (i.e., percent water, fat, protein, and ash). Tissues (muscle, viscera, and gonad) were sampled from fish near the start of their migration (Bonneville Dam), at a mid point (Roza Dam, 510 km upstream from Bonneville Dam) and from fresh carcasses on the spawning grounds (about 100 km above Roza Dam). At Bonneville Dam, the energy reserves of these fish were remarkably high, primarily due to the high percentage of fat in the muscle (18-20%; energy content over 11 kJ g-1). The median travel time for fish from Bonneville to Roza Dam was 27 d and ranged from 18 to 42 d. Fish lost from 6 to 17% of their energy density in muscle, depending on travel time. On average, fish taking a relatively long time for migration between dams used from 5 to 8% more energy from the muscle than faster fish. From the time they passed Bonneville Dam to death, these fish, depending on gender, used 95-99% of their muscle and 73-86% of their viscera lipid stores. Also, both sexes used about 32% of their muscular and very little of their visceral protein stores. However, we were unable to relate energy use and reproductive success to migration history. Our results suggest a possible influence of the CRB hydroelectric system on adult salmonid energetics.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.955","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Mesa, M., and Magie, C., 2006, Evaluation of energy expenditure in adult spring Chinook salmon migrating upstream in the Columbia River Basin: an assessment based on sequential proximate analysis: River Research and Applications, v. 22, no. 10, p. 1085-1095, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.955.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1085","endPage":"1095","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209962,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.955"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washginton","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.91493988037108,\n              45.67332315111957\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.88095092773439,\n              45.65988734941217\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.98154449462889,\n              45.61547829428427\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.02102661132814,\n              45.60635207711834\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.0364761352539,\n              45.61932046777893\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.01656341552734,\n              45.628444574718564\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.97158813476561,\n              45.63588682527794\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.95785522460936,\n              45.65028837377915\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.93656921386719,\n              45.65292825609942\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.92317962646484,\n              45.65412816147472\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.91322326660156,\n              45.66828510339253\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.91493988037108,\n              45.67332315111957\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.46405792236327,\n              46.75750394913751\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46843528747559,\n              46.75191751332088\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46920776367188,\n              46.74621287079468\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46740531921385,\n              46.74274274137551\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46113967895508,\n              46.74386026506431\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46088218688963,\n              46.74715388433906\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46457290649414,\n              46.75044730238025\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46457290649414,\n              46.75321126577366\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46062469482422,\n              46.75532824825045\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.4625129699707,\n              46.75726874246586\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.46405792236327,\n              46.75750394913751\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.36528015136717,\n              47.39788440990287\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.4208984375,\n              47.38440370312246\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.38450622558594,\n              47.308568669980225\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.12564086914062,\n              47.190645707823435\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.86334228515624,\n              47.143496408200456\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.87158203125,\n              47.19531167837447\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.08924865722656,\n              47.327653995607115\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11534118652342,\n              47.36115300722623\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2238311767578,\n              47.41136166853917\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.35360717773438,\n              47.4016026187529\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.36528015136717,\n              47.39788440990287\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c6ee4b0c8380cd52b43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mesa, M.G.","contributorId":17386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magie, C.D.","contributorId":23743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magie","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70197357,"text":"70197357 - 2006 - The application of acoustic Doppler current profilers to measure the timing and patterns of coral larval dispersal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-30T14:36:08","indexId":"70197357","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The application of acoustic Doppler current profilers to measure the timing and patterns of coral larval dispersal","docAbstract":"<p><span>An experiment was conducted along the reefs off west Maui, Hawaii, during the summer of 2003 to monitor the spawning of the reef-building coral&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Montipora capitata</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and to determine the role of ocean currents in dispersing the larvae from the natal reef. Instruments documented the environmental forcing during the coral spawning season; drifters were deployed on three successive nights following direct observations of coral spawning. Both the timing and relative magnitude of the coral spawning were identifiable in acoustic backscatter data and correlated to plankton tow data. Each drifter track showed that the surface water containing coral eggs and planula larvae were transported rapidly offshore and not locally retained. Wind and current patterns during the previous year and during subsequent coral spawning events later in the summer were similar to those observed during the drifter releases. This suggests that the trajectories observed during the focused experiment are representative of the general pattern of larval dispersal off west Maui. These findings demonstrate the application of acoustic profilers for remotely imaging coral spawning and predicting their initial dispersal patterns.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00338-006-0121-x","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Brown, E., and Field, M.E., 2006, The application of acoustic Doppler current profilers to measure the timing and patterns of coral larval dispersal: Coral Reefs, v. 25, no. 3, p. 369-381, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-006-0121-x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"369","endPage":"381","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":354602,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.7192840576172,\n              20.842769854697035\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.63414001464844,\n              20.842769854697035\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.63414001464844,\n              21.031955437049724\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.7192840576172,\n              21.031955437049724\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.7192840576172,\n              20.842769854697035\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b157a5be4b092d9651e1fad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":2333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":736842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, E.K.","contributorId":97311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"E.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":736843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Field, Michael E. mfield@usgs.gov","contributorId":2101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Michael","email":"mfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":736844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030304,"text":"70030304 - 2006 - Measuring groundwater-surface water interaction and its effect on wetland stream benthic productivity, Trout Lake watershed, northern Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030304","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Measuring groundwater-surface water interaction and its effect on wetland stream benthic productivity, Trout Lake watershed, northern Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"Measurements of groundwater-surface water exchange at three wetland stream sites were related to patterns in benthic productivity as part of the US Geological Survey's Northern Temperate Lakes-Water, Energy and Biogeochemical Budgets (NTL-WEBB) project. The three sites included one high groundwater discharge (HGD) site, one weak groundwater discharge (WGD) site, and one groundwater recharge (GR) site. Large upward vertical gradients at the HGD site were associated with smallest variation in head below the stream and fewest gradient reversals between the stream and the groundwater beneath the stream, and the stream and the adjacent streambank. The WGD site had the highest number of gradient reversals reflecting the average condition being closest to zero vertical gradient. The duration of groundwater discharge events was related to the amount of discharge, where the HGD site had the longest strong-gradient durations for both horizontal and vertical groundwater flow. Strong groundwater discharge also controlled transient temperature and chemical hyporheic conditions by limiting the infiltration of surface water. Groundwater-surface water interactions were related to highly significant patterns in benthic invertebrate abundance, taxonomic richness, and periphyton respiration. The HGD site abundance was 35% greater than in the WGD site and 53% greater than the GR site; richness and periphyton respiration were also significantly greater (p???0.001, 31 and 44%, respectively) in the HGD site than in the GR site. The WGD site had greater abundance (27%), richness (19%) and periphyton respiration (39%) than the GR site. This work suggests groundwater-surface water interactions can strongly influence benthic productivity, thus emphasizing the importance of quantitative hydrology for management of wetland-stream ecosystems in the northern temperate regions. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.029","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Hunt, R.J., Strand, M., and Walker, J., 2006, Measuring groundwater-surface water interaction and its effect on wetland stream benthic productivity, Trout Lake watershed, northern Wisconsin, USA, <i>in</i> Journal of Hydrology, v. 320, no. 3-4, p. 370-384, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.029.","startPage":"370","endPage":"384","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.029"},{"id":239128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a534ae4b0c8380cd6c99a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, R. J.","contributorId":40164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Strand, M.","contributorId":91299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strand","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walker, J.F.","contributorId":86743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030959,"text":"70030959 - 2006 - Controls on soil pore water solutes: An approach for distinguishing between biogenic and lithogenic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:11:41","indexId":"70030959","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on soil pore water solutes: An approach for distinguishing between biogenic and lithogenic processes","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id17\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id18\"><p><span>Spatial and&nbsp;temporal variations&nbsp;in&nbsp;pore water&nbsp;compositions are characterized for a deep&nbsp;regolith&nbsp;profile developed on a&nbsp;marine terrace&nbsp;</span>chronosequence<span>&nbsp;near Santa Cruz California. Variations are resolved in terms of the dominance of either a lithogenic process, i.e.&nbsp;chemical weathering, or a biogenic process, i.e. plant&nbsp;nutrient cycling. The concept of elemental&nbsp;fractionation&nbsp;is introduced describing the extent that specific elements are mobilized and cycled as a result of these processes.</span></p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.08.076","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"White, A.F., Schulz, M.S., Vivit, D., Blum, A., and Stonestrom, D.A., 2006, Controls on soil pore water solutes: An approach for distinguishing between biogenic and lithogenic processes: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 88, no. 1-3 , p. 363-366, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.08.076.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"366","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211299,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.08.076"},{"id":238568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","issue":"1-3 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd3e4b0c8380cd4dfb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, A. F.","contributorId":36546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schulz, M. S.","contributorId":7299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vivit, D.V.","contributorId":28609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vivit","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blum, A.E.","contributorId":100514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030344,"text":"70030344 - 2006 - Long-term eruptive activity at a submarine arc volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030344","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term eruptive activity at a submarine arc volcano","docAbstract":"Three-quarters of the Earth's volcanic activity is submarine, located mostly along the mid-ocean ridges, with the remainder along intraoceanic arcs and hotspots at depths varying from greater than 4,000 m to near the sea surface. Most observations and sampling of submarine eruptions have been indirect, made from surface vessels or made after the fact. We describe here direct observations and sampling of an eruption at a submarine arc volcano named NW Rota-1, located 60 km northwest of the island of Rota (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands). We observed a pulsating plume permeated with droplets of molten sulphur disgorging volcanic ash and lapilli from a 15-m diameter pit in March 2004 and again in October 2005 near the summit of the volcano at a water depth of 555 m (depth in 2004). A turbid layer found on the flanks of the volcano (in 2004) at depths from 700 m to more than 1,400 m was probably formed by mass-wasting events related to the eruption. Long-term eruptive activity has produced an unusual chemical environment and a very unstable benthic habitat exploited by only a few mobile decapod species. Such conditions are perhaps distinctive of active arc and hotspot volcanoes. ?? 2006 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04762","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Embley, R., Chadwick, W., Baker, E., Butterfield, D., Resing, J., de Ronde, C.E., Tunnicliffe, V., Lupton, J., Juniper, S., Rubin, K., Stern, R.J., Lebon, G., Nakamura, K., Merle, S., Hein, J., Wiens, D., and Tamura, Y., 2006, Long-term eruptive activity at a submarine arc volcano: Nature, v. 441, no. 7092, p. 494-497, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04762.","startPage":"494","endPage":"497","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211803,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04762"},{"id":239166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"441","issue":"7092","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a498de4b0c8380cd686e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Embley, R.W.","contributorId":28616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embley","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chadwick, W.W. Jr.","contributorId":35876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadwick","given":"W.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, E.T.","contributorId":11584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butterfield, D.A.","contributorId":55638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butterfield","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Resing, J.A.","contributorId":70186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Resing","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"de Ronde, Cornel E. J.","contributorId":98109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Ronde","given":"Cornel","email":"","middleInitial":"E. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tunnicliffe, V.","contributorId":58841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tunnicliffe","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lupton, J.E.","contributorId":98716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lupton","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Juniper, S.K.","contributorId":52396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juniper","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rubin, K.H.","contributorId":17041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stern, R. J.","contributorId":8616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lebon, G.T.","contributorId":84155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lebon","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nakamura, K.-I.","contributorId":11407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakamura","given":"K.-I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Merle, S.G.","contributorId":36360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merle","given":"S.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Wiens, D.A.","contributorId":94802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiens","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Tamura, Y.","contributorId":76546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tamura","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70030865,"text":"70030865 - 2006 - Abundance of adult saugers across the Wind River watershed, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70030865","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance of adult saugers across the Wind River watershed, Wyoming","docAbstract":"The abundance of adult saugers Sander canadensis was estimated over 179 km of continuous lotic habitat across a watershed on the western periphery of their natural distribution in Wyoming. Three-pass depletions with raft-mounted electrofishing gear were conducted in 283 pools and runs among 19 representative reaches totaling 51 km during the late summer and fall of 2002. From 2 to 239 saugers were estimated to occur among the 19 reaches of 1.6-3.8 km in length. The estimates were extrapolated to a total population estimate (mean ?? 95% confidence interval) of 4,115 ?? 308 adult saugers over 179 km of lotie habitat. Substantial variation in mean density (range = 1.0-32.5 fish/ha) and mean biomass (range = 0.5-16.8 kg/ha) of adult saugers in pools and runs was observed among the study reaches. Mean density and biomass were highest in river reaches with pools and runs that had maximum depths of more than 1 m, mean daily summer water temperatures exceeding 20??C, and alkalinity exceeding 130 mg/L. No saugers were captured in the 39 pools or runs with maximum water depths of 0.6 m or less. Multiple-regression analysis and the information-theoretic approach were used to identify watershed-scale and instream habitat features accounting for the variation in biomass among the 244 pools and runs across the watershed with maximum depths greater than 0.6 m. Sauger biomass was greater in pools than in runs and increased as mean daily summer water temperature, maximum depth, and mean summer alkalinity increased and as dominant substrate size decreased. This study provides an estimate of adult sauger abundance and identifies habitat features associated with variation in their density and biomass across a watershed, factors important to the management of both populations and habitat. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M05-092.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Amadio, C., Hubert, W., Johnson, K., Oberlie, D., and Dufek, D., 2006, Abundance of adult saugers across the Wind River watershed, Wyoming: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 26, no. 1, p. 156-162, https://doi.org/10.1577/M05-092.1.","startPage":"156","endPage":"162","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211441,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M05-092.1"},{"id":238732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e65de4b0c8380cd47381","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amadio, C.J.","contributorId":67276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amadio","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Kevin","contributorId":83287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oberlie, D.","contributorId":72577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberlie","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dufek, D.","contributorId":45102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dufek","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70030365,"text":"70030365 - 2006 - Scale effects of hydrostratigraphy and recharge zonation on base flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70030365","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scale effects of hydrostratigraphy and recharge zonation on base flow","docAbstract":"Uncertainty regarding spatial variations of model parameters often results in the simplifying assumption that parameters are spatially uniform. However, spatial variability may be important in resource assessment and model calibration. In this paper, a methodology is presented for estimating a critical basin size, above which base flows appear to be relatively less sensitive to the spatial distribution of recharge and hydraulic conductivity, and below which base flows are relatively more sensitive to this spatial variability. Application of the method is illustrated for a watershed that exhibits distinct infiltration patterns and hydrostratigraphic layering. A ground water flow model (MODFLOW) and a parameter estimation code (UCODE) were used to evaluate the influence of recharge zonation and hydrostratigraphic layering on base flow distribution. Optimization after removing spatial recharge variability from the calibrated model altered base flow simulations up to 53% in watersheds smaller than 40 km2. Merging six hydrostratigraphic units into one unit with average properties increased base flow residuals up to 83% in basins smaller than 50 km2. Base flow residuals changed <5% in watersheds larger than 40 and 50 km2 when recharge and hydrostratigraphy were simplified, respectively; thus, the critical basin size for the example area is ???40 to 50 km2. Once identified for an area, a critical basin size could be used to guide the scale of future investigations. By ensuring that parameter discretization needed to capture base flow distribution is commensurate with the scope of the investigation, uncertainty caused by overextending uniform parameterization or by estimating extra parameter values is reduced. ?? 2006 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00136.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Juckem, P., Hunt, R.J., and Anderson, M.P., 2006, Scale effects of hydrostratigraphy and recharge zonation on base flow: Ground Water, v. 44, no. 3, p. 362-370, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00136.x.","startPage":"362","endPage":"370","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212121,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00136.x"},{"id":239547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8709e4b08c986b316282","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juckem, P. F.","contributorId":24819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juckem","given":"P. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, R. J.","contributorId":40164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Marilyn P.","contributorId":102970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030347,"text":"70030347 - 2006 - Diversity, composition, and geographical distribution of microbial communities in California salt marsh sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T15:51:44","indexId":"70030347","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diversity, composition, and geographical distribution of microbial communities in California salt marsh sediments","docAbstract":"The Pacific Estuarine Ecosystem Indicators Research Consortium seeks to develop bioindicators of toxicant-induced stress and bioavailability for wetland biota. Within this framework, the effects of environmental and pollutant variables on microbial communities were studied at different spatial scales over a 2-year period. Six salt marshes along the California coastline were characterized using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis. Additionally, 27 metals, six currently used pesticides, total polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chlordanes, nonachlors, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene were analyzed. Sampling was performed over large (between salt marshes), medium (stations within a marsh), and small (different channel depths) spatial scales. Regression and ordination analysis suggested that the spatial variation in microbial communities exceeded the variation attributable to pollutants. PLFA analysis and TRFLP canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) explained 74 and 43% of the variation, respectively, and both methods attributed 34% of the variation to tidal cycles, marsh, year, and latitude. After accounting for spatial variation using partial CCA, we found that metals had a greater effect on microbial community composition than organic pollutants had. Organic carbon and nitrogen contents were positively correlated with PLFA biomass, whereas total metal concentrations were positively correlated with biomass and diversity. Higher concentrations of heavy metals were negatively correlated with branched PLFAs and positively correlated with methyl- and cyclo-substituted PLFAs. The strong relationships observed between pollutant concentrations and some of the microbial indicators indicated the potential for using microbial community analyses in assessments of the ecosystem health of salt marshes. Copyright ?? 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1128/AEM.72.5.3357-3366.2006","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Cordova-Kreylos, A.L., Cao, Y., Green, P., Hwang, H., Kuivila, K., LaMontagne, M., Van De Werfhorst, L., Holden, P., and Scow, K., 2006, Diversity, composition, and geographical distribution of microbial communities in California salt marsh sediments: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 72, no. 5, p. 3357-3366, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.5.3357-3366.2006.","startPage":"3357","endPage":"3366","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477553,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.5.3357-3366.2006","text":"External Repository"},{"id":239230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211859,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.5.3357-3366.2006"}],"volume":"72","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0352e4b0c8380cd50426","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordova-Kreylos, A. L.","contributorId":11408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordova-Kreylos","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cao, Y.","contributorId":29991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cao","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, P.G.","contributorId":87348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hwang, H.-M.","contributorId":78150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hwang","given":"H.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuivila, K.M.","contributorId":34529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaMontagne, M.G.","contributorId":42033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMontagne","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Van De Werfhorst, L. C.","contributorId":35540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van De Werfhorst","given":"L. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Holden, P.A.","contributorId":65667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holden","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Scow, K.M.","contributorId":44735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scow","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70030445,"text":"70030445 - 2006 - Nitrogen loads to estuaries from waste water plumes: Modeling and isotopic approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030445","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nitrogen loads to estuaries from waste water plumes: Modeling and isotopic approaches","docAbstract":"We developed, and applied in two sites, novel methods to measure ground water-borne nitrogen loads to receiving estuaries from plumes resulting from land disposal of waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. In addition, we quantified nitrogen losses from WWTP effluent during transport through watersheds. WWTP load to receiving water was estimated as the difference between total measured ground water-transported nitrogen load and modeled load from major nitrogen sources other than the WWTP. To test estimated WWTP loads, we applied two additional methods. First, we quantified total annual waste water nitrogen load from watersheds based on nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of primary producers in receiving water. Second, we used published data on ground water nitrogen concentrations in an array of wells to estimate dimensions of the plume and quantify the annual mass of nitrogen transported within the plume. Loss of nitrogen during transport through the watershed was estimated as the difference between the annual mass of nitrogen applied to watersheds as treatment plant effluent and the estimated nitrogen load reaching receiving water. In one plume, we corroborated our estimated nitrogen loss in watersheds using data from multiple-level sampling wells to calculate the loss of nitrogen relative to a conservative tracer. The results suggest that nitrogen from the plumes is discharging to the estuaries but that substantial nitrogen loss occurs during transport through the watersheds. The measured vs. modeled and stable isotopic approaches, in comparison to the plume mapping approach, may more reliably quantify ground water-transported WWTP loads to estuaries. Copyright ?? 2005 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00130.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Kroeger, K., Cole, M.L., York, J., and Valiela, I., 2006, Nitrogen loads to estuaries from waste water plumes: Modeling and isotopic approaches: Ground Water, v. 44, no. 2, p. 188-200, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00130.x.","startPage":"188","endPage":"200","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211782,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00130.x"},{"id":239136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66e9e4b0c8380cd7307c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kroeger, K.D.","contributorId":26060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, Marci L.","contributorId":101071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Marci","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"York, J.K.","contributorId":10616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valiela, I.","contributorId":29146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valiela","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030350,"text":"70030350 - 2006 - Application of Bacteroides fragilis phage as an alternative indicator of sewage pollution in Tampa Bay, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-14T18:47:48.951504","indexId":"70030350","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of Bacteroides fragilis phage as an alternative indicator of sewage pollution in Tampa Bay, Florida","docAbstract":"<p><span>Traditional fecal coliform bacterial indicators have been found to be severely limited in determining the significance and sources of fecal contamination in ambient waters of tropical and subtropical regions. The bacteriophages that infect</span><i>Bacteroides fragilis</i><span>&nbsp;have been suggested as better fecal indicators and at least one type may be human specific. In this study, the phages that infect</span><i>B. fragilis</i><span>&nbsp;host RYC2056 (RYC), including phage B56-3, and host ATCC 51477-HSP40 (HSP), including the human specific phage B40-8, were evaluated in the drainage basins of Tampa Bay, 7 samples (n=62), or 11%, tested positive for the presence of phages infecting the host HSP, whereas 28 samples, or 45%, tested positive using the host RYC. A survival study was also done to compare the persistence of phages B56-3 and B40-8 to MS2 coliphage in seawater at various temperatures. The decay rates for MS2 were 0.239 log</span><sub>10</sub><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;at 10°C, but increased to 0.896 at 20°C and 2.62 log</span><sub>10</sub><span>&nbsp;d</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;at 30°C. The two</span><i>B. fragilis</i><span>&nbsp;phages persisted much longer in the seawater compared to the coliphage and showed little variation between the temperatures. All sewage influents sampled from area wastewater treatment plants contained phages that infected the two</span><i>B. fragilis</i><span>&nbsp;hosts at levels from 1.2×10</span><sup>4</sup><span>&nbsp;to 1.11×10</span><sup>5</sup><span>&nbsp;pfu 100 ml</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for host RYC and 67 to 350 pfu 100 ml</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for host HSP. Of the 7 chlorinated effluent samples tested, 3 were positive for the presence of the phage using the host RYC and the phage enrichment method, with levels estimated to be &lt;10 pfu 100 ml</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. No phages were detected using the host HSP in the treated sewage effluent. Coliphages were found in 3 of the 7 effluent samples at a range of 30 to 1.2×10</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;pfu 100 ml</span><sup>−1</sup><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02781993","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"McLaughlin, M., and Rose, J., 2006, Application of Bacteroides fragilis phage as an alternative indicator of sewage pollution in Tampa Bay, Florida: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 29, no. 2, p. 246-256, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02781993.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"246","endPage":"256","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385651,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.76962280273436,\n              27.62149006586649\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.35763549804688,\n              27.62149006586649\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.35763549804688,\n              28.050166892603695\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.76962280273436,\n              28.050166892603695\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.76962280273436,\n              27.62149006586649\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec85e4b0c8380cd492fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaughlin, M.R.","contributorId":50334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, J.B.","contributorId":60825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031059,"text":"70031059 - 2006 - Trends in the nutrient enrichment of U.S. rivers during the late 20th century and their relation to changes in probable stream trophic conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:17","indexId":"70031059","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Trends in the nutrient enrichment of U.S. rivers during the late 20th century and their relation to changes in probable stream trophic conditions","docAbstract":"We estimated trends in concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) and the related change in the probabilities of trophic conditions from 1975 to 1994 at 250 nationally representative riverine monitoring locations in the U.S. with drainage areas larger than about 1,000 km2. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) declines were detected in TP and TN concentrations at 44% and 37% of the monitoring sites, and significant increases were detected at 3% and 9% of the sites, respectively. We used a statistical model to assess changes in the probable trophic-state classification of the sites after adjusting for climate-related variability in nutrient concentrations. The probabilistic assessment accounts for current knowledge of the trophic response of streams to nutrient enrichment, based on a recently proposed definition of \"eutrophic,\" \"mesotrophic,\" and \"oligotrophic\" conditions in relation to total nutrient concentrations. Based on these trophic definitions, we found that the trophic state improved at 25% of the monitoring sites and worsened at fewer than 5% of the sites; about 70% of the sites were unchanged. Improvements in trophic-state related to declines in TP were more common in predominantly forested and shrub-grassland watersheds, whereas the trophic state of predominantly agricultural sites was unchanged. Despite the declines in TP concentrations at many sites, about 50% of all monitoring sites, and more than 60% of the sites in predominantly agricultural and urban watersheds, were classified as eutrophic in 1994 based on TP concentrations. Contemporaneous reductions in major nutrient sources to streams, related to wastewater treatment upgrades, phosphate detergent bans, and declines in some agricultural sources, may have contributed to the declines in riverine nutrient concentrations and associated improvements in trophic conditions. ?? 2006, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.","largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","language":"English","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Alexander, R.B., and Smith, R.A., 2006, Trends in the nutrient enrichment of U.S. rivers during the late 20th century and their relation to changes in probable stream trophic conditions, <i>in</i> Limnology and Oceanography, v. 51, no. 1 II, p. 639-654.","startPage":"639","endPage":"654","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1 II","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb812e4b08c986b327669","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, R. B.","contributorId":108103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. A.","contributorId":60584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030357,"text":"70030357 - 2006 - Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:02","indexId":"70030357","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean","docAbstract":"It has been suggested, on the basis of modern hydrology and fully coupled palaeoclimate simulations, that the warm greenhouse conditions that characterized the early Palaeogene period (55-45 Myr ago) probably induced an intensified hydrological cycle with precipitation exceeding evaporation at high latitudes. Little field evidence, however, has been available to constrain oceanic conditions in the Arctic during this period. Here we analyse Palaeogene sediments obtained during the Arctic Coring Expedition, showing that large quantities of the free-floating fern Azolla grew and reproduced in the Arctic Ocean by the onset of the middle Eocene epoch (???50 Myr ago). The Azolla and accompanying abundant freshwater organic and siliceous microfossils indicate an episodic freshening of Arctic surface waters during an ???800,000-year interval. The abundant remains of Azolla that characterize basal middle Eocene marine deposits of all Nordic seas probably represent transported assemblages resulting from freshwater spills from the Arctic Ocean that reached as far south as the North Sea. The termination of the Azolla phase in the Arctic coincides with a local sea surface temperature rise from ???10??C to 13??C, pointing to simultaneous increases in salt and heat supply owing to the influx of waters from adjacent oceans. We suggest that onset and termination of the Azolla phase depended on the degree of oceanic exchange between Arctic Ocean and adjacent seas. ?? 2006 Nature Publishing Group.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature04692","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Brinkhuis, H., Schouten, S., Collinson, M., Sluijs, A., Damste, J., Dickens, G., Huber, M., Cronin, T.M., Onodera, J., Takahashi, K., Bujak, J., Stein, R., Van Der Burgh, J., Eldrett, J., Harding, I., Lotter, A., Sangiorgi, F., Cittert, H., De Leeuw, J.W., Matthiessen, J., Backman, J., and Moran, K., 2006, Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean: Nature, v. 441, no. 7093, p. 606-609, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04692.","startPage":"606","endPage":"609","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487649,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/1721","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212005,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04692"},{"id":239406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"441","issue":"7093","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a10e4b0c8380cd521aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brinkhuis, H.","contributorId":89719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinkhuis","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schouten, S.","contributorId":7064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schouten","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collinson, M.E.","contributorId":49600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collinson","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sluijs, A.","contributorId":42035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sluijs","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Damste, J.S.S.","contributorId":47117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damste","given":"J.S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dickens, G.R.","contributorId":88101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickens","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huber, M.","contributorId":79703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":426833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Onodera, J.","contributorId":31572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Onodera","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Takahashi, K.","contributorId":10998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takahashi","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bujak, J.P.","contributorId":49928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bujak","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Stein, R.","contributorId":18507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Van Der Burgh, J.","contributorId":59629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Der Burgh","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Eldrett, J.S.","contributorId":30441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eldrett","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Harding, I.C.","contributorId":35946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harding","given":"I.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Lotter, A.F.","contributorId":19366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lotter","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Sangiorgi, F.","contributorId":15828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sangiorgi","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Cittert, H.V.K.V.","contributorId":15409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cittert","given":"H.V.K.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"De Leeuw, J. W.","contributorId":64406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Leeuw","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Matthiessen, J.","contributorId":37531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthiessen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Backman, J.","contributorId":49596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Backman","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Moran, K.","contributorId":96479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}}
,{"id":70030459,"text":"70030459 - 2006 - Ground-water surface-water interactions and long-term change in riverine riparian vegetation in the southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030459","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Ground-water surface-water interactions and long-term change in riverine riparian vegetation in the southwestern United States","docAbstract":"Riverine riparian vegetation has changed throughout the southwestern United States, prompting concern about losses of habitat and biodiversity. Woody riparian vegetation grows in a variety of geomorphic settings ranging from bedrock-lined channels to perennial streams crossing deep alluvium and is dependent on interaction between ground-water and surface-water resources. Historically, few reaches in Arizona, southern Utah, or eastern California below 1530 m elevation had closed gallery forests of cottonwood and willow; instead, many alluvial reaches that now support riparian gallery forests once had marshy grasslands and most bedrock canyons were essentially barren. Repeat photography using more than 3000 historical images of rivers indicates that riparian vegetation has increased over much of the region. These increases appear to be related to several factors, notably the reduction in beaver populations by trappers in the 19th century, downcutting of arroyos that drained alluvial aquifers between 1880 and 1910, the frequent recurrence of winter floods during discrete periods of the 20th century, an increased growing season, and stable ground-water levels. Reductions in riparian vegetation result from agricultural clearing, excessive ground-water use, complete flow diversion, and impoundment of reservoirs. Elimination of riparian vegetation occurs either where high ground-water use lowers the water table below the rooting depth of riparian species, where base flow is completely diverted, or both. We illustrate regional changes using case histories of the San Pedro and Santa Cruz Rivers, which are adjacent watersheds in southern Arizona with long histories of water development and different trajectories of change in riparian vegetation.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.022","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Webb, R.H., and Leake, S.A., 2006, Ground-water surface-water interactions and long-term change in riverine riparian vegetation in the southwestern United States, <i>in</i> Journal of Hydrology, v. 320, no. 3-4, p. 302-323, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.022.","startPage":"302","endPage":"323","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211955,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.022"},{"id":239344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2d67e4b0c8380cd5bec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, R. H.","contributorId":13648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leake, S. A.","contributorId":52164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030529,"text":"70030529 - 2006 - Sensitivity of two salamander (Ambystoma) species to ultraviolet radiation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-03T16:21:07","indexId":"70030529","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity of two salamander (Ambystoma) species to ultraviolet radiation","docAbstract":"<p>Increased ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching the Earth's surface has been implicated in amphibian declines. Recent studies have shown that many amphibian species have differences in sensitivity depending on developmental stage. Embryos and larvae of Ambystoma maculatum (Spotted Salamander) and larvae of Ambystoma talpoideum (Mole Salamander) were exposed to five simulated UV-B treatments in controlled laboratory experiments to determine the relative sensitivity of different lifestages. Hatching success of the embryos exceeded 95% in all treatments; however, the larvae of both species exhibited greater sensitivity to UV-B exposure. Older larvae of A. maculatum that were not exposed to UV-B as embryos were more sensitive than larvae that had hatched during exposure to UV-B. Growth of surviving larvae of A. maculatum was significantly reduced as UV-B intensity increased, whereas growth of A. talpoideum was unaffected. These results were compared to ambient UV-B conditions in natural environments. It appears that the embryo stage is relatively unaffected by UV-B levels observed in natural habitats, probably because of protection from vegetation, organic matter in the water column, oviposition depth, and egg jelly. The larval stage of these species may be at greater risk, particularly if there is an increase in UV-B radiation exposure caused by increases in water clarity and/or decreases in dissolved organic carbon.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1670/99-05A.1","issn":"00221511","usgsCitation":"Calfee, R., Bridges, C., and Little, E.E., 2006, Sensitivity of two salamander (Ambystoma) species to ultraviolet radiation: Journal of Herpetology, v. 40, no. 1, p. 35-42, https://doi.org/10.1670/99-05A.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":211929,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1670/99-05A.1"},{"id":239313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d37e4b08c986b3182e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Calfee, R.D.","contributorId":85130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calfee","given":"R.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bridges, C.M.","contributorId":104652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Little, E. E.","contributorId":13187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030808,"text":"70030808 - 2006 - Case study: Mapping tsunami hazards associated with debris flow into a reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70030808","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Case study: Mapping tsunami hazards associated with debris flow into a reservoir","docAbstract":"Debris-flow generated impulse waves (tsunamis) pose hazards in lakes, especially those used for hydropower or recreation. We describe a method for assessing tsunami-related hazards for the case in which inundation by coherent water waves, rather than chaotic splashing, is of primary concern. The method involves an experimentally based initial condition (tsunami source) and a Boussinesq model for tsunami propagation and inundation. Model results are used to create hazard maps that offer guidance for emergency planners and responders. An example application explores tsunami hazards associated with potential debris flows entering Baker Lake, a reservoir on the flanks of the Mount Baker volcano in the northwestern United States. ?? 2006 ASCE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2006)132:1(1)","issn":"07339429","usgsCitation":"Walder, J.S., Watts, P., and Waythomas, C.F., 2006, Case study: Mapping tsunami hazards associated with debris flow into a reservoir: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 132, no. 1, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2006)132:1(1).","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211581,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2006)132:1(1)"}],"volume":"132","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f38ce4b0c8380cd4b88e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walder, J. S.","contributorId":32561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watts, P.","contributorId":81669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waythomas, C. F.","contributorId":10065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70030522,"text":"70030522 - 2006 - Terrestrial ice streams-a view from the lobe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030522","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Terrestrial ice streams-a view from the lobe","docAbstract":"The glacial landforms of Minnesota are interpreted as the products of the lobate extensions of ice streams that issued from various ice sheds within the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Low-relief till plains, trough-shaped lowlands, boulder pavements, and streamlined forms make up the subglacial landsystem in Minnesota that is interpreted as having been formed by streaming ice. Extremely uniform tills are created subglacially in a way that remains somewhat mysterious. At the ice margins, thrust moraines and hummocky stagnation topography are more common than single-crested, simple moraines if the ice lobes had repeated advances. Subglacial drainage features are obscure up-ice but are present down-ice in the form of tunnel valleys, eskers, Spooner hills, and associated ice-marginal fans. Ice streaming may occur when basal shear stress is lowered as a result of high subglacial water pressure. Subglacial conditions that allow the retention of water will allow an ice lobe to extend far beyond the ice sheet as long as the ice shed also supports the advance by supplying adequate ice. Even with adequate ice flux, however, the advance of an ice lobe may be terminated, at least temporarily, if the subglacial water is drained, through tunnel valleys or perhaps a permeable substrate. Thrust moraines, and ice stagnation topography will result from sudden drainage. Although climate change is ultimately responsible for the accumulation of ice in the Laurentide Ice Sheet, the asynchronous advances and retreats of the ice lobes in the mid-continent are strongly overprinted by the internal dynamics of individual ice streams as well as the interaction of ice sheds, which obscure the climate signal. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.05.016","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Jennings, C., 2006, Terrestrial ice streams-a view from the lobe: Geomorphology, v. 75, no. 1-2 SPEC. ISS., p. 100-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.05.016.","startPage":"100","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211869,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.05.016"},{"id":239242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1-2 SPEC. ISS.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba55de4b08c986b3209d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, C.E.","contributorId":45890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70028970,"text":"70028970 - 2006 - Quantification of karst aquifer discharge components during storm events through end-member mixing analysis using natural chemistry and stable isotopes as tracers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028970","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantification of karst aquifer discharge components during storm events through end-member mixing analysis using natural chemistry and stable isotopes as tracers","docAbstract":"Karst aquifer components that contribute to the discharge of a water supply well in the Classical Karst (Kras) region (Italy/Slovenia) were quantitatively estimated during storm events. Results show that water released from storage within the epikarst may comprise as much as two-thirds of conduit flow in a karst aquifer following rainfall. Principal components analysis (PCA) and end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) were performed using major ion chemistry and the stable isotopes of water (??18O, ??2H) and of dissolved inorganic carbon (??13CDIC) to estimate mixing proportions among three sources: (1) allogenic river recharge, (2) autogenic recharge, and (3) an anthropogenic component stored within the epikarst. The sinking river most influences the chemical composition of the water-supply well under low-flow conditions; however, this proportion changes rapidly during recharge events. Autogenic recharge water, released from shallow storage in the epikarst, displaces the river water and is observed at the well within hours after the onset of precipitation. The autogenic recharge end member is the second largest component of the well chemistry, and its contribution increases with higher flow. An anthropogenic component derived from epikarstic storage also impacts the well under conditions of elevated hydraulic head, accounting for the majority of the chemical response at the well during the wettest conditions. ?? Springer-Verlag 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10040-006-0031-6","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Doctor, D., Alexander, E., Petric, M., Kogovsek, J., Urbanc, J., Lojen, S., and Stichler, W., 2006, Quantification of karst aquifer discharge components during storm events through end-member mixing analysis using natural chemistry and stable isotopes as tracers: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 14, no. 7, p. 1171-1191, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-006-0031-6.","startPage":"1171","endPage":"1191","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209831,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-006-0031-6"}],"volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91ace4b0c8380cd803be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doctor, D.H. Jr.","contributorId":46752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doctor","given":"D.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alexander, E.C. Jr.","contributorId":94062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"E.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petric, M.","contributorId":74938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petric","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kogovsek, J.","contributorId":51080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kogovsek","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Urbanc, J.","contributorId":33512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urbanc","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lojen, S.","contributorId":64012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lojen","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stichler, W.","contributorId":39569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stichler","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035312,"text":"70035312 - 2006 - The role of sandstone in the development of an Ozark karst system, south-central Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035312","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of sandstone in the development of an Ozark karst system, south-central Missouri","docAbstract":"Cave, spring, and sinkhole development in the Ozarks of south-central Missouri is placed in a geologic framework through detailed geologic mapping. Geologic mapping shows that initial dissolution and inception of cave development is concentrated just beneath sandstone beds within Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician dolostone. Although rocks of the Ozarks have systematic and pervasive vertical joints, the development of karst conduits is controlled by bedding planes and stratigraphic variability. In the Salem Plateau of south-central Missouri, sinkholes occur in the lower part of the Ordovician Roubidoux Formation, where sinkholes are rimmed with and contain sandstone that has collapsed into voids in the underlying Ordovician Gasconade Dolomite. Cave diving by the Ozark Cave Diving Alliance into Alley Spring, a large (average flow 3.7 m3/s) spring along the Jacks Fork in the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, shows that although the spring discharges from the middle part of the Gasconade, the source of water is a cave passage just beneath the Gunter Sandstone Member of the Gasconade Dolomite. Artesian conditions cause the upward movement of groundwater from cavernous dolostone beneath the sandstone aquitards to the large springs. We hypothesize that sandstone, which is largely impermeable due to silica cementation, acts as a confining unit where hydraulic pressure, combined with mixing of water of differing chemistry, increases dissolution in the underlying dolostone beds. ?? 2006 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2006.2404(04)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Orndorff, R.C., Weary, D., and Harrison, R., 2006, The role of sandstone in the development of an Ozark karst system, south-central Missouri: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 404, p. 31-38, https://doi.org/10.1130/2006.2404(04).","startPage":"31","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215402,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2006.2404(04)"},{"id":243204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"404","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf95e4b08c986b3248d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orndorff, R. C.","contributorId":17613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weary, D. J.","contributorId":40617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrison, R.W.","contributorId":32188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028950,"text":"70028950 - 2006 - Uranium-series constraints on subrepository water flow at yucca mountain, nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:57","indexId":"70028950","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Uranium-series constraints on subrepository water flow at yucca mountain, nevada","docAbstract":"Mineral abundances and whole-rock chemical and uranium-series isotopic compositions were measured in unfractured and rubble core samples from borehole USW SD-9 in the same layers of variably zeolitized tuffs that underlie the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Uranium concentrations and isotopic compositions also were measured in pore water from core samples from the same rock units and rock leachates representing loosely bound U adsorbed on mineral surfaces or contained in readily soluble secondary minerals. The chemical and isotopic data were used to evaluate differences in water-rock interaction between fractured and unfractured rock and between fracture surfaces and rock matrix. Samples of unfractured and rubble (fragments about 1 centimeter) core and material from fracture surfaces show similar amounts of uranium-series disequilibrium, recording a complex history of sorption and loss of uranium over the past 1 million years. The data indicate that fractures in zeolitized tuffs may not have had greater amounts of water-rock interaction than the rock matrix. The data also show that rock matrix from subrepository units is capable of scavenging uranium with elevated uranium-234/uranium-238 from percolating water and that retardation of radionuclides and dose reduction may be greater than currently credited to this aspect of the natural barrier. Uranium concentrations of pore water and the rock leachates are used to estimate long-term in situ uranium partition coefficient values greater than 7 milliliters per gram.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM","conferenceTitle":"11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","conferenceDate":"30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0894486918; 9780894486913","usgsCitation":"Neymark, L., Chipera, S., Paces, J., and Vaniman, D.T., 2006, Uranium-series constraints on subrepository water flow at yucca mountain, nevada, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM, v. 2006, Las Vegas, NV, 30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006, p. 82-88.","startPage":"82","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2006","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbdf3e4b08c986b329318","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neymark, L.A. 0000-0003-4190-0278","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":56673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chipera, S.J.","contributorId":14578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipera","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paces, J.B. 0000-0002-9809-8493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8493","contributorId":27482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paces","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vaniman, D. T.","contributorId":22911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaniman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70028957,"text":"70028957 - 2006 - Integrating field research, modeling and remote sensing to quantify morphodynamics in a high-energy coastal setting, ocean beach, San Francisco, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028957","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Integrating field research, modeling and remote sensing to quantify morphodynamics in a high-energy coastal setting, ocean beach, San Francisco, California","docAbstract":"Wave and coastal circulation modeling are combined with multibeam bathymetry, high-resolution beach surveys, cross-shore Personal Water Craft surveys, digital bed sediment camera surveys, and real-time video monitoring to quantify morphological change and nearshore processes at Ocean Beach, San Francisco. Initial SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) wave modeling results show a focusing of wave energy at the location of an erosion hot spot on the southern end of Ocean Beach during prevailing northwest swell conditions. During El Nin??o winters, swell out of the west and southwest dominates the region, and although the wave energy is focused further to the north on Ocean Beach, the oblique wave approach sets up a strong northerly littoral drift, thereby starving the southern end of sediment, leaving it increasingly vulnerable to wave attack when the persistent northwest swell returns. An accurate assessment of the interaction between wave and tidal processes is crucial for evaluating coastal management options in an area that includes the annual dredging and disposal of ship channel sediment and an erosion hot spot that is posing a threat to local infrastructure. Copyright ASCE 2006.","largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Dynamics 2005 - Proceedings of the Fifth Coastal Dynamics International Conference","conferenceTitle":"5th Coastal Dynamics International Conference","conferenceDate":"4 April 2005 through 8 April 2005","conferenceLocation":"Barcelona","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40855(214)96","isbn":"0784408556; 9780784408551","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P., and Hanes, D., 2006, Integrating field research, modeling and remote sensing to quantify morphodynamics in a high-energy coastal setting, ocean beach, San Francisco, California, <i>in</i> Coastal Dynamics 2005 - Proceedings of the Fifth Coastal Dynamics International Conference, Barcelona, 4 April 2005 through 8 April 2005, https://doi.org/10.1061/40855(214)96.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209781,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40855(214)96"},{"id":236491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c78e4b0c8380cd62d6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, P.L.","contributorId":20527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70028943,"text":"70028943 - 2006 - Seasonal and spatial patterns of metals at a restored copper mine site. I. Stream copper and zinc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T10:28:21","indexId":"70028943","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and spatial patterns of metals at a restored copper mine site. I. Stream copper and zinc","docAbstract":"Seasonal and spatial variations in metal concentrations and pH were found in a stream at a restored copper mine site located near a massive sulfide deposit in the Foothill copper-zinc belt of the Sierra Nevada, California. At the mouth of the stream, copper concentrations increased and pH decreased with increased streamflow after the onset of winter rain and, unexpectedly, reached extreme values 1 or 2 months after peaks in the seasonal hydrographs. In contrast, aqueous zinc and sulfate concentrations were highest during low-flow periods. Spatial variation was assessed in 400 m of reach encompassing an acidic, metal-laden seep. At this seep, pH remained low (2-3) throughout the year, and copper concentrations were highest. In contrast, the zinc concentrations increased with downstream distance. These spatial patterns were caused by immobilization of copper by hydrous ferric oxides in benthic sediments, coupled with increasing downstream supply of zinc from groundwater seepage.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.019","issn":"02697491","usgsCitation":"Bambic, D., Alpers, C.N., Green, P., Fanelli, E., and Silk, W., 2006, Seasonal and spatial patterns of metals at a restored copper mine site. I. Stream copper and zinc: Environmental Pollution, v. 144, no. 3, p. 774-782, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.019.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"774","endPage":"782","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":236276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209619,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.019"}],"volume":"144","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8877e4b08c986b3169af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bambic, D.G.","contributorId":72184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bambic","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":420657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, P.G.","contributorId":87348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fanelli, E.","contributorId":12669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fanelli","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Silk, W.K.","contributorId":32717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silk","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70028944,"text":"70028944 - 2006 - Evidence for ground-water stratification near Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:59","indexId":"70028944","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evidence for ground-water stratification near Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"Major- and trace-element concentrations and strontium isotope ratios (strontium-87/strontium-86) in samples of ground water potentially can be useful in delineating flow paths in the complex ground-water system in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Water samples were collected from boreholes to characterize the lateral and vertical variability in the composition of water in the saturated zone. Discrete sampling of water-producing intervals in the saturated zone includes isolating borehole sections with packers and extracting pore water from core obtained by sonic drilling. Chemical and isotopic stratification was identified in the saturated zone beneath southern Fortymile Wash.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM","conferenceTitle":"11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference","conferenceDate":"30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV","language":"English","isbn":"0894486918; 9780894486913","usgsCitation":"Futa, K., Marshall, B., and Peterman, Z.E., 2006, Evidence for ground-water stratification near Yucca Mountain, Nevada, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM, v. 2006, Las Vegas, NV, 30 April 2006 through 4 May 2006, p. 301-306.","startPage":"301","endPage":"306","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2006","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d41e4b0c8380cd52ee1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Futa, K.","contributorId":26435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Futa","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marshall, B.D.","contributorId":19581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterman, Z. E.","contributorId":63781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028969,"text":"70028969 - 2006 - Large-scale movements and habitat characteristics of king eiders throughout the nonbreeding period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70028969","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale movements and habitat characteristics of king eiders throughout the nonbreeding period","docAbstract":"King Eiders (Somateria spectabilis) breeding in western Canada and Alaska molt wing feathers and spend the winter in remote areas of the Bering Sea, precluding direct observation. To characterize timing of migration and habitat used by King Eiders during the nonbreeding period, we collected location data for 60 individuals (27 females and 33 males) over three years from satellite telemetry and utilized oceanographic information obtained by remote sensing. Male King Eiders dispersed from breeding areas, arrived at wing molt sites, and dispersed from wing molt sites earlier than females in all years. Males arriving earlier at wing molt sites molted flight feathers at higher latitudes. Distributions of molt and winter locations did not differ by sex or among years. Of the variables considered for analysis, distance to shore, water depth, and salinity appeared to best describe King Eider habitat throughout the nonbreeding period. King Eiders were located closer to shore, in shallower water with lower salinity than random locations. During the winter, lower ice concentrations were also associated with King Eider locations. This study provides some of the first large-scale descriptions of King Eider migration and habitat outside the breeding season. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society 2006.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[887:LMAHCO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Phillips, L.M., Powell, A., and Rexstad, E., 2006, Large-scale movements and habitat characteristics of king eiders throughout the nonbreeding period: Condor, v. 108, no. 4, p. 887-900, https://doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[887:LMAHCO]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"887","endPage":"900","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209807,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[887:LMAHCO]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":236528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a449ce4b0c8380cd66c52","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Laura M.","contributorId":49497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":420781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, A.N.","contributorId":66194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rexstad, E.A.","contributorId":47063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rexstad","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70028940,"text":"70028940 - 2006 - Geologic impacts of the 2004 Indian ocean tsunami on Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:41","indexId":"70028940","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geologic impacts of the 2004 Indian ocean tsunami on Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives","docAbstract":"The December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was generated by a large submarine earthquake (magnitude ???9.1) with an epicenter located under the seafloor in the eastern Indian Ocean near northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The resulting tsunami was measured globally and had significant geologic impacts throughout the Indian Ocean basin. Observations of tsunami impacts, such as morphologic change, sedimentary deposits, and water-level measurements, are used to reconstruct tsunamogenic processes. Data from Sumatra, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives provide a synoptic view of tsunami characteristics from a wide range of coastal environments both near- and far-field from the tsunami origin. Impacts to the coast as a result of the tsunami varied depending upon the height of the wave at impact, orientation of the coast with regard to direction of wave approach, and local topography, bathymetry, geology, and vegetation cover. Tsunami deposits were observed in all the countries visited and can be generally characterized as relatively thin sheets (<80 cm), mostly of sand. ?? 2006 Gebru??der Borntraeger.","largerWorkTitle":"Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband","language":"English","issn":"00442798","usgsCitation":"Richmond, B.M., Jaffe, B.E., Gelfenbaum, G., and Morton, R., 2006, Geologic impacts of the 2004 Indian ocean tsunami on Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives, <i>in</i> Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband, v. 146, p. 235-251.","startPage":"235","endPage":"251","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"146","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a197ee4b0c8380cd559ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, B. M.","contributorId":67902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, B. E.","contributorId":88327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.","contributorId":72429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morton, R.A.","contributorId":53849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}