In sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems, encroachment of pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.; hereafter, “pinyon-juniper”) trees has increased dramatically since European settlement. Understanding the impacts of this encroachment on behavioral decisions, distributions, and population dynamics of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and other sagebrush obligate species could help benefit sagebrush ecosystem management actions. We employed a novel two-stage Bayesian model that linked avoidance across different levels of pinyon-juniper cover to sage-grouse survival. Our analysis relied on extensive telemetry data collected across 6 yr and seven subpopulations within the Bi-State Distinct Population Segment (DPS), on the border of Nevada and California. The first model stage indicated avoidance behavior for all canopy cover classes on average, but individual grouse exhibited a high degree of heterogeneity in avoidance behavior of the lowest cover class (e.g., scattered isolated trees). The second stage modeled survival as a function of estimated avoidance parameters and indicated increased survival rates for individuals that exhibited avoidance of the lowest cover class. A post hoc frailty analysis revealed the greatest increase in hazard (i.e., mortality risk) occurred in areas with scattered isolated trees consisting of relatively high primary plant productivity. Collectively, these results provide clear evidence that local sage-grouse distributions and demographic rates are influenced by pinyon-juniper, especially in habitats with higher primary productivity but relatively low and seemingly benign tree cover. Such areas may function as ecological traps that convey attractive resources but adversely affect population vital rates. To increase sage-grouse survival, our model predictions support reducing actual pinyon-juniper cover as low as 1.5%, which is lower than the published target of 4.0%. These results may represent effects of pinyon-juniper cover in areas with similar ecological conditions to those of the Bi-State DPS, where populations occur at relatively high elevations and pinyon-juniper is abundant and widespread.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2016.09.001","usgsCitation":"Coates, P.S., Prochazka, B.G., Ricca, M.A., Gustafson, K.B., Ziegler, P.T., and Casazza, M.L., 2017, Pinyon and juniper encroachment into sagebrush ecosystems impacts distribution and survival of greater sage-grouse: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 70, no. 1, p. 25-38, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2016.09.001.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"38","ipdsId":"IP-074789","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2016.09.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332739,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc68fe4b0f5ce109fa93f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prochazka, Brian G. 0000-0001-7270-5550 bprochazka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-5550","contributorId":174839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prochazka","given":"Brian","email":"bprochazka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A. 0000-0003-1576-513X mark_ricca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-513X","contributorId":139103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark","email":"mark_ricca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gustafson, K. Benjamin 0000-0003-3530-0372 kgustafson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3530-0372","contributorId":166818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustafson","given":"K.","email":"kgustafson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ziegler, Pilar T.","contributorId":175033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Pilar","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70179448,"text":"70179448 - 2017 - Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-02T14:37:36","indexId":"70179448","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests","docAbstract":"Mangrove forests are highly productive tidal saline wetland ecosystems found along sheltered tropical and subtropical coasts. Ecologists have long assumed that climatic drivers (i.e., temperature and rainfall regimes) govern the global distribution, structure, and function of mangrove forests. However, data constraints have hindered the quantification of direct climate-mangrove linkages in many parts of the world. Recently, the quality and availability of global-scale climate and mangrove data have been improving. Here, we used these data to better understand the influence of air temperature and rainfall regimes upon the distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests. Although our analyses identify global-scale relationships and thresholds, we show that the influence of climatic drivers is best characterized via regional range limit-specific analyses. We quantified climatic controls across targeted gradients in temperature and/or rainfall within 14 mangrove distributional range limits. Climatic thresholds for mangrove presence, abundance, and species richness differed among the 14 studied range limits. We identified minimum temperature-based thresholds for range limits in eastern North America, eastern Australia, New Zealand, eastern Asia, eastern South America, and southeast Africa. We identified rainfall-based thresholds for range limits in western North America, western Gulf of Mexico, western South America, western Australia, Middle East, northwest Africa, east central Africa, and west central Africa. Our results show that in certain range limits (e.g., eastern North America, western Gulf of Mexico, eastern Asia), winter air temperature extremes play an especially important role. We conclude that rainfall and temperature regimes are both important in western North America, western Gulf of Mexico, and western Australia. With climate change, alterations in temperature and rainfall regimes will affect the global distribution, abundance, and diversity of mangrove forests. In general, warmer winter temperatures are expected to allow mangroves to expand poleward at the expense of salt marshes. However, dispersal and habitat availability constraints may hinder expansion near certain range limits. Along arid and semi-arid coasts, decreases or increases in rainfall are expected to lead to mangrove contraction or expansion, respectively. Collectively, our analyses quantify climate-mangrove linkages and improve our understanding of the expected global- and regional-scale effects of climate change upon mangrove forests.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecm.1248","usgsCitation":"Osland, M.J., Feher, L.C., Griffith, K., Cavanaugh, K.C., Enwright, N.M., Day, R.H., Stagg, C.L., Krauss, K.W., Howard, R.J., Grace, J.B., and Rogers, K., 2017, Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests: Ecological Monographs, v. 87, no. 2, p. 341-359, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1248.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"359","ipdsId":"IP-076270","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470151,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Climatic_controls_on_the_global_distribution_abundance_and_species_richness_of_mangrove_forests/27744399","text":"External Repository"},{"id":438457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78C9TDM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Climatic controls on the global distribution, abundance, and species richness of mangrove forests"},{"id":332731,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc689e4b0f5ce109fa937","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osland, Michael J. 0000-0001-9902-8692 mosland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9902-8692","contributorId":3080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osland","given":"Michael","email":"mosland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feher, Laura C. 0000-0002-5983-6190 lhundy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-6190","contributorId":176788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feher","given":"Laura","email":"lhundy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffith, Kereen ktgriffith@usgs.gov","contributorId":177848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffith","given":"Kereen","email":"ktgriffith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17706,"text":"Griffith Consulting Services at U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cavanaugh, Kyle C.","contributorId":149015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavanaugh","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enwright, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7887-3261 enwrightn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-3261","contributorId":4880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enwright","given":"Nicholas","email":"enwrightn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Day, Richard H. 0000-0002-5959-7054 dayr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-7054","contributorId":2427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Richard","email":"dayr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stagg, Camille L. 0000-0002-1125-7253 staggc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-7253","contributorId":4111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stagg","given":"Camille","email":"staggc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Howard, Rebecca J. 0000-0001-7264-4364 howardr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":2429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Rebecca","email":"howardr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rogers, Kerrylee","contributorId":64151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Kerrylee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16754,"text":"University of Wollongong, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70179447,"text":"70179447 - 2017 - Estimating the settling velocity of bioclastic sediment using common grain-size analysis techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T11:00:47","indexId":"70179447","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the settling velocity of bioclastic sediment using common grain-size analysis techniques","docAbstract":"Most techniques for estimating settling velocities of natural particles have been developed for siliciclastic sediments. Therefore, to understand how these techniques apply to bioclastic environments, measured settling velocities of bioclastic sedimentary deposits sampled from a nearshore fringing reef in Western Australia were compared with settling velocities calculated using results from several common grain-size analysis techniques (sieve, laser diffraction and image analysis) and established models. The effects of sediment density and shape were also examined using a range of density values and three different models of settling velocity. Sediment density was found to have a significant effect on calculated settling velocity, causing a range in normalized root-mean-square error of up to 28%, depending upon settling velocity model and grain-size method. Accounting for particle shape reduced errors in predicted settling velocity by 3% to 6% and removed any velocity-dependent bias, which is particularly important for the fastest settling fractions. When shape was accounted for and measured density was used, normalized root-mean-square errors were 4%, 10% and 18% for laser diffraction, sieve and image analysis, respectively. The results of this study show that established models of settling velocity that account for particle shape can be used to estimate settling velocity of irregularly shaped, sand-sized bioclastic sediments from sieve, laser diffraction, or image analysis-derived measures of grain size with a limited amount of error. Collectively, these findings will allow for grain-size data measured with different methods to be accurately converted to settling velocity for comparison. This will facilitate greater understanding of the hydraulic properties of bioclastic sediment which can help to increase our general knowledge of sediment dynamics in these environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Sedimentologists","publisherLocation":"Oxford, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1111/sed.12338","usgsCitation":"Cuttler, M.V., Lowe, R.J., Falter, J.L., and Buscombe, D.D., 2017, Estimating the settling velocity of bioclastic sediment using common grain-size analysis techniques: Sedimentology, v. 64, no. 4, p. 987-1004, https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12338.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"987","endPage":"1004","ipdsId":"IP-073934","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://admin.research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/fe5b1cde-8ee4-4296-ba73-13808106388b","text":"External Repository"},{"id":332804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc68ce4b0f5ce109fa939","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cuttler, Michael V. W.","contributorId":177844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cuttler","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"V. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, Ryan J.","contributorId":152265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Falter, James L.","contributorId":177846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falter","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buscombe, Daniel D. 0000-0001-6217-5584 dbuscombe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-5584","contributorId":5020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buscombe","given":"Daniel","email":"dbuscombe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179438,"text":"70179438 - 2017 - Spatial and temporal patterns of dissolved organic matter quantity and quality in the Mississippi River Basin, 1997–2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T15:39:56","indexId":"70179438","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal patterns of dissolved organic matter quantity and quality in the Mississippi River Basin, 1997–2013","docAbstract":"Recent studies have found insignificant or decreasing trends in time-series dissolved organic carbon (DOC) datasets, questioning the assumption that long-term DOC concentrations in surface waters are increasing in response to anthropogenic forcing, including climate change, land use, and atmospheric acid deposition. We used the weighted regressions on time, discharge, and season (WRTDS) model to estimate annual flow-normalized concentrations and fluxes to determine if changes in DOC quantity and quality signal anthropogenic forcing at 10 locations in the Mississippi River Basin. Despite increases in agriculture and urban development throughout the basin, net increases in DOC concentration and flux were significant at only 3 of 10 sites from 1997 to 2013 and ranged between −3.5% to +18% and −0.1 to 19%, respectively. Positive shifts in DOC quality, characterized by increasing specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm, ranged between +8% and +45%, but only occurred at one of the sites with significant DOC quantity increases. Basinwide reductions in atmospheric sulfate deposition did not result in large increases in DOC either, likely because of the high buffering capacity of the soil. Hydroclimatic factors including annual discharge, precipitation, and temperature did not significantly change during the 17-year timespan of this study, which contrasts with results from previous studies showing significant increases in precipitation and discharge over a century time scale. Our study also contrasts with those from smaller catchments, which have shown stronger DOC responses to climate, land use, and acidic deposition. This temporal and spatial analysis indicated that there was a potential change in DOC sources in the Mississippi River Basin between 1997 and 2013. However, the overall magnitude of DOC trends was not large, and the pattern in quantity and quality increases for the 10 study sites was not consistent throughout the basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.11072","usgsCitation":"Stackpoole, S.M., Stets, E., Clow, D.W., Burns, D.A., Aiken, G.R., Aulenbach, B.T., Creed, I., Hirsch, R.M., Laudon, H., Pellerin, B., and Striegl, R.G., 2017, Spatial and temporal patterns of dissolved organic matter quantity and quality in the Mississippi River Basin, 1997–2013: Hydrological Processes, v. 31, no. 4, p. 902-915, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11072.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"902","endPage":"915","ipdsId":"IP-066770","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11072","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc68ee4b0f5ce109fa93d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stackpoole, Sarah M. 0000-0002-5876-4922 sstackpoole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-4922","contributorId":3784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stackpoole","given":"Sarah","email":"sstackpoole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - 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To promote an ongoing ‘democratization’ of acoustical imaging of shallow water environments, methods to carry out geometric and radiometric correction and georectification of sonar echograms are presented, based on simplified models for sonar-target geometry and acoustic backscattering and attenuation in shallow water. Procedures are described for automated removal of the acoustic shadows, identification of bed-water interface for situations when the water is too turbid or turbulent for reliable depth echosounding, and for automated bed substrate classification based on singlebeam full-waveform analysis. These methods are encoded in an open-source and freely-available software package, which should further facilitate use of recreational-grade sidescan sonar, in a fully automated and objective manner. The sequential correction, mapping, and analysis steps are demonstrated using a data set from a shallow freshwater environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.12.003","usgsCitation":"Buscombe, D.D., 2017, Shallow water benthic imaging and substrate characterization using recreational-grade sidescan-sonar: Environmental Modelling and Software, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.12.003.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-073207","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://eartharxiv.org/gfxa6/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":332729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"89","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc68ce4b0f5ce109fa93b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buscombe, Daniel D. 0000-0001-6217-5584 dbuscombe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-5584","contributorId":5020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buscombe","given":"Daniel","email":"dbuscombe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70188468,"text":"70188468 - 2017 - Fitful and protracted magma assembly leading to a giant eruption, Youngest Toba Tuff, Indonesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T11:48:37","indexId":"70188468","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fitful and protracted magma assembly leading to a giant eruption, Youngest Toba Tuff, Indonesia","docAbstract":"The paroxysmal eruption of the 74 ka Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) of northern Sumatra produced an extraordinary 2800 km3 of non-welded to densely welded ignimbrite and co-ignimbrite ash-fall. We report insights into the duration of YTT magma assembly obtained from ion microprobe U-Th and U-Pb dates, including continuous age spectra over >50% of final zircon growth, for pumices and a welded tuff spanning the compositional range of the YTT. A relatively large subpopulation of zircon crystals nucleated before the penultimate caldera-related eruption at 501 ka, but most zircons yielded interior dates 100-300 ka thereafter. Zircon nucleation and growth was likely episodic and from diverse conditions over protracted time intervals of >100 to >500 ka. Final zircon growth is evident as thin rim plateaus that are in Th/U chemical equilibrium with hosts, and that give crystallization ages within tens of ka of eruption. The longevity and chemical characteristics of the YTT zircons, as well as evidence for intermittent zircon isolation and remobilization associated with magma recharge, is especially favored at the cool and wet eutectoid conditions that characterize at least half of the YTT, wherein heat fluxes could dissolve major phases but have only a minor effect on larger zircon crystals. Repeated magma recharge may have contributed to the development of compositional zoning in the YTT but, considered together with limited allanite, quartz, and other mineral dating and geospeedometry, regular perturbations to the magma reservoir over >400 ka did not lead to eruption until 74 ka ago.
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Typical structure of young redwood stands impedes the recovery of old-growth conditions, such as dominance of redwood (Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.), distinct canopy layers and diverse understory vegetation. Young forests are commonly comprised of dense, even-aged Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and redwood stump sprouts, with simple canopy structure and little understory development. Moreover, many of these young stands are believed to be vulnerable to disturbance in the form of drought, disease and fire. Silvicultural practices are increasingly being employed by conservation agencies to restore degraded forests throughout the coast redwood range; however, prescribed fire treatments are less common and potentially under-utilized as a restoration tool. We present an early synthesis from three separate management-scale prescribed fire projects at Redwood National Park spanning 1to 7 years post-treatment. Low intensity prescribed fire had minimal effect on overstory structure, with some mortality observed in trees smaller than 30 cm diameter. Moderate to high intensity fire may be required to reduce densities of larger Douglas-fir, the primary competitor of redwood in the Park’s second growth forests. Fine woody surface fuels fully recovered by 7 years post-burn, while recruitment of larger surface fuels was quite variable. Managers of coastal redwood ecosystems will benefit by having a variety of tools at their disposal for forest restoration and management.
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2017 - Engaging the user community for advancing societal applications of the Surface Water Ocean Topography mission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-01T10:14:28","indexId":"70202397","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T16:51:22","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Engaging the user community for advancing societal applications of the Surface Water Ocean Topography mission","docAbstract":"Scheduled for launch in 2021, the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will be a truly unique mission that will provide high-temporal-frequency maps of surface water extents and elevation variations of global water bodies (lakes/reservoirs, rivers, estuaries, oceans, and sea ice) at higher spatial resolution than is available with current technologies (Biancamaria et al. 2016; Alsdorf et al. 2007). The primary instrument on SWOT is based on a Ka-band radar interferometer (KaRIN), which uses radar interferometery technology. The satellite will fly two radar antennas at either end of a 10-m (33 ft) mast, allowing it to measure the elevation of the surface along a 120-km (75 mi)-wide swath below. The availability of high-frequency and high-resolution maps of elevations and extents for surface water bodies and oceans will present unique opportunities to address numerous societally relevant challenges around the globe (Srinivasan et al. 2015). These opportunities may include such diverse and far-ranging applications as fisheries management, flood inundation mapping/risk mitigation/forecasting, wildlife conservation, global data assimilation for improving forecast of ocean tides and weather, reservoir management, climate change impacts and adaptation, and river discharge estimation, among others.
Although SWOT is a research mission and not scheduled for launch for another 4 years, there is a need to build engagement within the application community now and to explore how best to advance the societal relevance and benefits of the SWOT mission from concept to reality. The SWOT Applications Working Group organized a workshop on 5–6 April 2017 at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) headquarters in Reston, Virginia. The goal of the workshop was to understand and communicate how the applications community can use SWOT data to address problems of profound societal relevance.
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Unfortunately, applying theory to learn about the role of spatial structure on populations has been hindered by the lack of mechanistic spatial models and inability to make precise observations of population state and structure. Spatial capture–recapture (SCR) represents an individual‐based analytic framework for overcoming this fundamental obstacle that has limited the utility of ecological theory. SCR methods make explicit use of spatial encounter information on individuals in order to model density and other spatial aspects of animal population structure, and they have been widely adopted in the last decade. We review the historical context and emerging developments in SCR models that enable the integration of explicit ecological hypotheses about landscape connectivity, movement, resource selection, and spatial variation in density, directly with individual encounter history data obtained by new technologies (e.g. camera trapping, non‐invasive DNA sampling). We describe ways in which SCR methods stand to advance the study of animal population ecology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nordic Society Oikos","doi":"10.1111/ecog.03170","usgsCitation":"Royle, J.A., Fuller, A.K., and Sutherland, C., 2017, Unifying population and landscape ecology with spatial capture-recapture: Ecography, v. 41, no. 3, p. 444-456, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.03170.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"444","endPage":"456","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-081473","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.03170","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":362501,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":139626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J.","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Angela K. 0000-0002-9247-7468 afuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-7468","contributorId":3984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Angela","email":"afuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutherland, Christopher","contributorId":214549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutherland","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":37201,"text":"UMass Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":760182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191868,"text":"70191868 - 2017 - Synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-20T19:42:45.205791","indexId":"70191868","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T15:22:42","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"9","title":"Synthesis","docAbstract":"The goal of this report is to examine changes in the current environment and living conditions of the coastal and tundra communities of northwestern Canada, northern Alaska, and the northern Far East of Russia – the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort (BCB) region – and to understand how people are coping and adapting to these changes. The report seeks to describe how life in this region is changing in the context of the recent past; to project the likely future changes in the environmental, economic, and social systems; and to provide information for northern residents in preparing for and adapting to an uncertain future.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Adaptation actions for a changing arctic: Perspectives from the Bering Chukchi-Beaufort Region","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP)","usgsCitation":"Hinzman, L.D., Outridge, P., Gamble, J.M., Thorsteinson, L.K., Trainor, S., Walsh, J., and Klepikov, A., 2017, Synthesis, chap. 9 of Adaptation actions for a changing arctic: Perspectives from the Bering Chukchi-Beaufort Region, p. 239-253.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"253","ipdsId":"IP-076850","costCenters":[{"id":113,"text":"Alaska Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":361433,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.amap.no/documents/doc/adaptation-actions-for-a-changing-arctic-perspectives-from-the-bering-chukchi-beaufort-region/1615"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinzman, Larry D.","contributorId":97133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinzman","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Outridge, Peter","contributorId":168749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Outridge","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13092,"text":"Geological Survey of Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gamble, James M.","contributorId":100061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gamble","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thorsteinson, Lyman K. lthorsteinson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorsteinson","given":"Lyman","email":"lthorsteinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":113,"text":"Alaska Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Trainor, Sarah F.","contributorId":21396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trainor","given":"Sarah F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Walsh, John E.","contributorId":81784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"John E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Klepikov, Alexander","contributorId":206403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klepikov","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70201880,"text":"70201880 - 2017 - Geophysical expression of buried range-front embayment structure: Great Sand Dunes National Park, Rio Grande rift, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-31T15:21:20","indexId":"70201880","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T15:21:14","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geophysical expression of buried range-front embayment structure: Great Sand Dunes National Park, Rio Grande rift, Colorado","docAbstract":"Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve (GRSA, Colorado) lies along the eastern margin of the San Luis Basin and the tectonically active Sangre de Cristo fault system that are part of the northern Rio Grande rift. GRSA lies within a prominent embayment in the range front where two separate sections of the Sangre de Cristo fault system intersect. Fault scarps are observed along both intersecting fault zones within older basin-fill alluvium, but have been obscured by the actively migrating dunefield. The dune sand is also strongly magnetic, locally limiting the usefulness of aeromagnetic methods for mapping concealed structure. This study uses airborne geophysical methods, primarily airborne gravity gradient data, along with constraints from geologic mapping and limited subsurface data and groundwater modeling, to interpret the subsurface basin geometry and range-front structure of the embayment. Using forward modeling of the gravity gradient data and locations of faults inferred from gravity gradient and aeromagnetic lineaments, several previously unrecognized tectonic elements are interpreted adjacent to the range front. Some of the largest rift-related fault offsets are demonstrated to be basinward of the normal fault zones mapped at the surface along the range front of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, along faults concealed under the dunefield and subparallel to the two fault sections. A fault-bounded structural bench, likely composed of Proterozoic rocks, underlies most of the high dunefield at depths of 500 m to 1 km. The bench is truncated on its southwest margin by a northwest-trending, southwest-dipping normal fault. A northeast-trending, northwest-dipping normal fault with ∼600 m of estimated relief lies under the southern margin of the dunefield and bounds a structurally higher bench of Proterozoic rocks concealed at <400 m depth near the range front. The northwest- and northeast-trending geophysical lineaments generally correspond well with the trends of faults mapped at the surface, and with both pre- and syn-rift structures in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Aeromagnetic anomalies are explained by variations in the magnetization of pre-rift rocks, and the strongly magnetic dune sand.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01439.1","usgsCitation":"Drenth, B.J., Grauch, V.J., Ruleman, C.A., and Schenk, J.A., 2017, Geophysical expression of buried range-front embayment structure: Great Sand Dunes National Park, Rio Grande rift, Colorado: Geosphere, v. 13, no. 3, p. 974-990, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01439.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"974","endPage":"990","ipdsId":"IP-080301","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01439.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dunes National Park, Rio Grande rift","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.64453124999999,\n 37.661809012124635\n ],\n [\n -105.48763275146483,\n 37.661809012124635\n ],\n [\n -105.48763275146483,\n 37.83636090929915\n ],\n [\n -105.64453124999999,\n 37.83636090929915\n ],\n [\n -105.64453124999999,\n 37.661809012124635\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. 0000-0002-0761-3489 tien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":152256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"tien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruleman, Chester A. 0000-0002-1503-4591 cruleman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-4591","contributorId":1264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruleman","given":"Chester","email":"cruleman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schenk, Judith A","contributorId":212229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schenk","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70201709,"text":"70201709 - 2017 - Trends and sources of PAHs to urban lakes and streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-01-29T14:55:43","indexId":"70201709","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T14:55:36","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2593,"text":"Lakeline","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends and sources of PAHs to urban lakes and streams","docAbstract":"Over the past few decades, concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been increasing in the sediments of many U.S. urban lakes and streams. These upward trends contrast those of legacy pollutants, such as lead, PCBs, and DDT, which were restricted or banned in the 1970s. Trends of these legacy pollutants have been downward since they were banned (Figures 1 and 2).
Understanding the causes of trends in PAHs is complicated by their many natural and anthropogenic sources. PAHs are contained in fossil fuels and also are produced when materials that contain carbon, including oil, coal, gasoline, and diesel fuel, are heated or burned. Although many studies have considered vehicle emissions as a potential source of urban PAHs, estimated emissions of PAHs from vehicles in the United States declined almost ten-fold from 1971 (32,000 metric tons, or Mg) to 2000 (3,500 Mg), and this decline continues. Vehicle emissions therefore cannot account for the upward trend found in urban lake sediments – there must be some other primary source or sources of the upward trend in PAHs.
","language":"English","publisher":"North American Lake Management Society","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P.C., and Mahler, B., 2017, Trends and sources of PAHs to urban lakes and streams: Lakeline, v. 37, no. 1, p. 8-12.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"12","ipdsId":"IP-083092","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C. 0000-0001-7564-9814","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-9814","contributorId":211144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198389,"text":"70198389 - 2017 - Growth of coast redwood and Douglas-fir following thinning in second-growth forests at Redwood National Park and Headwaters Forest Reserve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-26T14:46:24","indexId":"70198389","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T14:46:18","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Growth of coast redwood and Douglas-fir following thinning in second-growth forests at Redwood National Park and Headwaters Forest Reserve","docAbstract":"Managers of second-growth forests at Redwood National Park and the Bureau of Land Management’s Headwaters Forest Reserve encourage the development of late seral forest characteristics using mechanical thinning, where competing vegetation is removed to promote growth of residual trees. Yet the ability to quantify and reliably predict outcomes of treatments such as these is hindered by the long time scales at which forests respond to thinning. Here we present analyses of tree growth at Redwood National Park (RNP) and Headwaters Forest Reserve (HDWT) from sites that have had > 5 years to respond to thinning treatments.
Compared to untreated stands, thinned stands had lower stem density (trees ha-1) and basal area (m2 ha-1), primarily due to removal of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Individual tree growth (basal area increment, BAI, m2 yr-1) was related to tree size (basal area, m2) and treatment history, with the highest growth rates observed in large trees. Both redwood (Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.) and Douglas-fir appeared to have a small, but detectable, positive growth response to thinning treatments. Early results suggest a large degree of variation among sites, with possible systematic differences in growth responses between RNP and HDWT. Future work will focus on identifying site-level differences (site quality, local competition, slope, aspect, stand age, distance from the ocean) to improve our understanding of the growth response.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coast redwood science symposium—2016: Past successes and future direction. Proceedings of a workshop. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-258","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"van Mantgem, P., Teraoka, J.R., LaFever, D.H., and Lalemand, L., 2017, Growth of coast redwood and Douglas-fir following thinning in second-growth forests at Redwood National Park and Headwaters Forest Reserve, in Coast redwood science symposium—2016: Past successes and future direction. Proceedings of a workshop. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-258, p. 279-286.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"286","ipdsId":"IP-078744","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359675,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":356100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/55437"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Redwood National Park and Headwaters Forest Reserve","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bfd1472e4b0815414ca3908","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":204320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Teraoka, Jason R.","contributorId":206635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teraoka","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaFever, David H.","contributorId":206636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaFever","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lalemand, Laura 0000-0001-8025-5975","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8025-5975","contributorId":206634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lalemand","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70237031,"text":"70237031 - 2017 - Responses of a 64-story unique San Francisco, CA. building to four earthquakes and ambient motions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-27T19:24:47.26479","indexId":"70237031","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T14:22:44","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Responses of a 64-story unique San Francisco, CA. building to four earthquakes and ambient motions","docAbstract":"We analyze the ambient and earthquake responses of a 64-story, instrumented, concrete core shear wall building in San Francisco, Calif. equipped with tuned sloshing liquid dampers (TSDs) and buckling restraining braces (BRBs). In an earlier paper [1], only ambient data were used to identify dynamic characteristics. Recently, the 72-channel instrumental array of the building recorded the 24 August 2014 Mw6.0 South Napa and three other earthquakes – allowing comparison of the dynamic characteristics using ambient and earthquake data. Peak accelerations of ambient and the larger South Napa EQ responses at the basement are 0.12 and 5.2 cm/s/s, respectively – a factor of ~ 42 and, at the 61st level, are 0.30 and 16.8 cm/s/s, respectively –a factor of ~56. Fundamental frequencies determined from spectral ratios for the NS (~0.3Hz), EW (0.27Hz) and torsional accelerations for the earthquake response vary within an insignificant frequency band of ~ 0.02-0.03 Hz as compared to those determined from ambient data. At the level of shaking, BRBs or TSDs are not effective enough to alter dynamic characteristics (frequency or damping). Under future stronger (e.g. design level) shaking of the building, the nonlinearities caused by actions of TSDs and BRBs can substantially shift the dynamic characteristics of the building.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering","conferenceDate":"January 9-13, 2017","conferenceLocation":"Santiago, Chile","language":"English","publisher":"National Information Centre of Earthquake Engineering","usgsCitation":"Celebi, M., Hooper, J., and Klemencic, R., 2017, Responses of a 64-story unique San Francisco, CA. building to four earthquakes and ambient motions, in Proceedings of the 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Santiago, Chile, January 9-13, 2017, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-073184","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":407471,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wcee.nicee.org/wcee/sixteenth_conf_Santiago/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.67608642578126,\n 37.568528265476075\n ],\n [\n -122.28607177734376,\n 37.568528265476075\n ],\n [\n -122.28607177734376,\n 37.90953361677018\n ],\n [\n -122.67608642578126,\n 37.90953361677018\n ],\n [\n -122.67608642578126,\n 37.568528265476075\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Celebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":200969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":853117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooper, J.","contributorId":66872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hooper","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klemencic, Ron","contributorId":146973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klemencic","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70202107,"text":"70202107 - 2017 - Validation of NEXRAD data and models of bird migration stopover sites in the Northeast U.S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T14:15:20","indexId":"70202107","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T14:15:14","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Validation of NEXRAD data and models of bird migration stopover sites in the Northeast U.S.","docAbstract":"The national network of weather surveillance radars (NEXRAD) detects birds in flight, and has proven to be a useful remote-sensing tool for ornithological study. We used data collected during Fall 2008 to 2014 by 16 NEXRAD and four terminal Doppler weather radars (TDWR) in the northeastern U.S. to map and study the spatial distribution of landbirds shortly after they leave daytime stopover sites to embark on nocturnal migratory flights. Given observed variability in the precise timing of migratory exodus, we developed a new method to sample the onset of migration at the point of maximum rate of increase in bird densities aloft to consistently sample exodus across radars and days.
The mean linear trend in aggregate stopover densities of migrants indicated a 4% decline per year from the 2008 baseline density (29% decline over the seven years). Regionally, coastal Virginia and Maine had the steepest declines. The steepest increases in migrant densities across years occurred within the Delmarva Peninsula and in coastal Connecticut.
We used NEXRAD observations to develop models to predict potentially important stopover sites throughout USFWS Region 5. Observed NEXRAD data were positively correlated to observations from TDWR and NASA’s S-Band Dual-Polarimetric Radar (NPOL), though not strongly. Predicted densities increased with increasing hardwood cover across multiple scales and with vegetation productivity. Contrastingly, predicted densities decreased with increasing agricultural, emergent marsh and coniferous land cover, but did not change with fraction of urban cover. Stopover density increased closer to bright areas and the Atlantic coast. Moreover, interactive effects indicated that migrants were more concentrated in forested areas that were both brightly lit and near the Atlantic coast. Large areas of predicted regionally important stopover sites were located along the coastlines of Maine, Long Island Sound, New Jersey, the lower Delmarva Peninsula, within the Adirondack Mountains, Catskill Mountains, and eastern Virginia.
We also created maps of classified stopover use during bimonthly periods and at multiple-scales. Migrant densities peaked along the Adirondack Mountains early in September, and along the Atlantic coast in late September with the passage of Neotropical migrants. Stopover densities peaked in the most northern extent of Maine and New England States in late October with the departure of temperate migrants.
Ground surveys conducted at 48 forested sites within the Delmarva Peninsula and Tidewater Virginia during Fall 2013 and 2014 revealed that nocturnal migrant densities pooled across species and for 14 individual species, after accounting for temporal phenology in their passage timing, were related to factors operating at multiple scales including food resources (primarily arthropod abundance in understory) and understory shrub density at a patch scale, and latitude and proximity to the Atlantic coast at a regional scale.
We integrated field survey and radar data to estimate relative stopover duration and to identify stopover functional types among 45 sites that included data from a past study near the Gulf of Mexico. We identified four functional types spanning the gradient of short rest stops to refueling stops with variable duration of stopover in relation to food abundance. The Mid-Atlantic sites were dominated by rest stops near coastal areas and lacked quick refueling stops due to low overall food abundance. The maps and ecological understanding produced can help inform conservation planning to protect and enhance stopover sites for migratory landbirds in the future.
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Andrew","contributorId":213088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":36518,"text":"Old Dominion University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dawson, Deanna K. 0000-0001-7531-212X ddawson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-212X","contributorId":202720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Deanna","email":"ddawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70200457,"text":"70200457 - 2017 - Changing water dynamics: The consequences of shifting snow, ice, and running water for ecosystems, people, and national forests in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T14:06:39","indexId":"70200457","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T14:06:33","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":21,"text":"Fact Sheet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Changing water dynamics: The consequences of shifting snow, ice, and running water for ecosystems, people, and national forests in Alaska","docAbstract":"Ecosystems of Alaska are rain-, snow-, and ice-driven systems. Consequently, the status of water—liquid or solid—strongly in uences resources and the people using ecosystem services. This document examines changes in water dynamics, the resulting consequences for ecosystems and people, and management options for adapting to changing conditions.\nChanges in snow, ice, and water ripple through ecosystems, social systems, and culture. State-wide patterns provide context to understand changing water dynamics in southcentral and southeastern Alaska associated with lands managed by the National Forest System.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Hayward, G., Johnson, E., Walker, N., Littell, J., and Thompson, J., 2017, Changing water dynamics: The consequences of shifting snow, ice, and running water for ecosystems, people, and national forests in Alaska: Fact Sheet, 20 p.","productDescription":"20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-092075","costCenters":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":358517,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/sites/default/files/r10-droughtfactsheet.pdf"}],"country":"United 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0000-0002-5302-8280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-8280","contributorId":205907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littell","given":"Jeremy","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, Julianne","contributorId":210670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Julianne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":751424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70200830,"text":"70200830 - 2017 - Using science to inform management and improve biological conservation in the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-21T13:06:16","indexId":"70200830","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T13:52:39","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using science to inform management and improve biological conservation in the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan","docAbstract":"The Mojave and Colorado deserts of southern California have been viewed as vast wilderness since early exploration and, until recently, were considered the most untrammeled among western landscapes in the contiguous lower 48 states (United States Department of Agriculture 1893; Leu et al. 2008). However, the factors that define desert wilderness—small human population, temperature differentials that create unrelenting winds, low rainfall, and cloudless skies—are attractive for renewable energy development. The demand for clean, renewable energy is a national and regional priority and has increased demand for large-scale solar and wind farms in the deserts, particularly in California. The need to balance these national and state energy priorities with existing natural resource and land conservation policies has emerged as a landscape-scale land-use planning initiative known as the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan (DRECP). One of the primary goals for the DRECP was to establish Development Focus Areas (DFAs) where high-quality renewable energy potential of up to 20 gigawatts (GW) could be implemented by the year 2040. DFAs were designed to provide expedited project approvals in locations where environmental impacts could be managed and mitigated, and proximity to transmission corridors provides for the efficient dissemination of energy to users. The DRECP also aims to identify protections for natural resources, recreation, and cultural resources. This plan identifies 37 covered species that receive special consideration in the DRECP. Among the special considerations are climate adaptation requirements, such as the ability to maintain population connectivity through wildlife corridors, while protecting several special recreation areas and 32,000 known cultural sites that are dispersed throughout the region. \nWe evaluated several particular aspects of the DRECP design and process. In particular, we examined land designations in relation to published studies on Mohave ground squirrel (Xerospermophilus mohavensis) habitat and genetic diversity patterns of a suite of broadly distributed desert animal species. The squirrel and its habitat are of particular interest because the entire range of the squirrel is encompassed by the DRECP. We describe the framework of the DRECP, provide a case study of how the DRECP accommodates the needs of the Mohave ground squirrel and its habitat, illustrate DFAs in relation to the genetic diversity of a broad range of terrestrial biota, and conclude with some observations on how land-use issues were resolved across the landscape under various scenarios.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the 82nd North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"82nd North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","conferenceDate":"March 5-10, 2017","conferenceLocation":"Spokane, WA","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Management Institute","usgsCitation":"Esque, T., Fesnock-Parker, A., Croft, B., Chen, F., and Vandergast, A.G., 2017, Using science to inform management and improve biological conservation in the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan, in Transactions of the 82nd North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, Spokane, WA, March 5-10, 2017.","ipdsId":"IP-085853","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":359212,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildlifemanagement.institute/store/product/69"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bf3d9f3e4b045bfcae0c9bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esque, Todd 0000-0002-4166-6234 tesque@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":195896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fesnock-Parker, Amy","contributorId":140129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fesnock-Parker","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":750794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Croft, Brian","contributorId":210468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Croft","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38112,"text":"USFWS, Palm Springs Fish and Wildlife Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Felicia 0000-0002-7408-5946","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-5946","contributorId":210469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Felicia","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571 avandergast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":3963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"avandergast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70200548,"text":"70200548 - 2017 - A report on genetic affinities and relatedness of Agassiz’s desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at opposite ends of the Coachella Valley in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T13:48:23","indexId":"70200548","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T13:48:17","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"A report on genetic affinities and relatedness of Agassiz’s desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at opposite ends of the Coachella Valley in California","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the results for mtDNA and STR genotyping of 41 desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) DNA samples from opposite sides of the Coachella Valley: one sample from the west side at the Mesa wind energy facility in the Whitewater Hills and the other from the mouth of Cottonwood Canyon in Joshua Tree National Park, both within the boundaries of the Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan. Additional samples were collected from tortoises on the northern bajadas of the Orocopia Mountains and from the Santa Rosa Mountains and those results will be presented at a later time in a scientific publication. We tested samples for their mtDNA haplotype and 25 STR loci previously used in other studies. We performed assignment testing to determine the genetic affinity of each individual to the geographic region of collection. Despite apparent isolation, both populations appear to be naturally occurring and do exhibit indications of having experienced increased genetic drift (resulting in increased homozygosity, increased inbreeding or a reduction of genetic diversity). The lack of strong evidence for genetic isolation suggests that long-term maintenance of unfragmented landscapes is an important part of tortoise conservation in the region.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coachella Valley Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan/Natural Community Conservation Plan—2017 Annual Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Coachella Valley Conservation Commission","usgsCitation":"Lovich, J.E., Edwards, T., Kreiser, B., Puffer, S., and Agha, M., 2017, A report on genetic affinities and relatedness of Agassiz’s desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at opposite ends of the Coachella Valley in California, 16 p.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"146","ipdsId":"IP-088375","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":358700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cvmshcp.org/Annual%20Reports/Annual%20Report%202017.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coachella Valley","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5befe5bde4b045bfcadf7f4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Taylor","contributorId":210006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"Taylor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38044,"text":"University of Arizona Genetics Core, 1657 E. Helen Street, Room 111, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kreiser, Brian","contributorId":210007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kreiser","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":38045,"text":"University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Biological Sciences, Hattiesburg, MS 39406","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Puffer, Shellie R. 0000-0003-4957-0963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-0963","contributorId":193099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puffer","given":"Shellie R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Agha, Mickey","contributorId":22235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agha","given":"Mickey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":749485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70200772,"text":"70200772 - 2017 - Food-web structure in canyon and slope-associated fauna revealed by stable isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T13:35:14","indexId":"70200772","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T13:35:08","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5709,"text":"OCS Study","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"BOEM 2017-060","title":"Food-web structure in canyon and slope-associated fauna revealed by stable isotopes","docAbstract":"Food webs and associated trophic linkages among organisms are central themes in ecology that provide insight into the structure and function of ecosystems. In the deep sea, food webs rely on particulate flux raining from surface waters for energy (Klages et al. 2003), except for chemosynthetic communities, which rely on in situ production via chemosynthesis (Van Dover 2007). In general, the deep sea is a food limited environment because only a small percentage of organic carbon produced in surface waters settles to the seafloor (Gage and Tyler 1991, Klages et al. 2003, De La Rocha and Passow 2007). In contrast, relative to more quiescent slope environments, canyons can experience dynamic flow and turbulence. Internal tides can enhance turbulent mixing near the canyon seafloor leading to resuspension of sediments. Channeling of organic matter in deepsea canyons can enhance benthic productivity leading to high biodiversity (Vetter and Dayton 1998, 1999) and trophic complexity (Stefanescu et al. 1994, Cartes and Sorbe 1999). Thus, there may be a decoupling between the benthic-productivity relationships in canyon environments where food limitation may not be a driving factor influencing community structure. However, there have been only a few studies, often limited in depth range and spatial scale, that have examined the trophic pathways of deepsea canyons relative to adjacent slope environments (Duineveld et al. 2001, Fanelli et al. 2009, Cartes et al. 2010, Jeffreys et al. 2011).
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Exploration and Research of Mid-Atlantic Deepwater Hard Bottom Habitats and Shipwrecks with Emphasis on Canyons and Coral Communities: Atlantic Deepwater Canyons Study","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Atlantic OCS Region","usgsCitation":"Demopoulos, A.W., McClain-Counts, J.P., Ross, S., Brooke, S., and Rhode, M., 2017, Food-web structure in canyon and slope-associated fauna revealed by stable isotopes: OCS Study BOEM 2017-060, v. 1, 76 p.","productDescription":"76 p.","startPage":"785","endPage":"860","ipdsId":"IP-090158","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359518,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":359016,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.boem.gov/espis/5/5655.pdf"}],"volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5befe5bde4b045bfcadf7f4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W. J. 0000-0003-2096-4694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":206536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"W. J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClain-Counts, Jennifer P. 0000-0002-3383-5472 jmcclaincounts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3383-5472","contributorId":200713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClain-Counts","given":"Jennifer","email":"jmcclaincounts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooke, Sandra","contributorId":150169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooke","given":"Sandra","affiliations":[{"id":7092,"text":"Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rhode, Michael","contributorId":210318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhode","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70202263,"text":"70202263 - 2017 - Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-19T12:33:11","indexId":"70202263","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T12:33:04","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1896,"text":"Herpetological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","title":"Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","docAbstract":"Eastern Kingsnakes (Lampropeltis getula) are an important component and predator in herpetofaunal communities, but many Eastern Kingsnake populations have declined precipitously in the last few decades, particularly in the southeastern United States. Here, we describe an intensive capture–mark–recapture study of L. getula conducted during 1974–1978 in a canal bank–Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) community at Rainey Slough in southern Florida, where annual capture probabilities of adults ranged from 0.662–0.787. Population size and structure, seasonal activity, movements, microhabitat use, behavior, thermal ecology, and predator–prey relationships are described. At this site kingsnakes were susceptible to capture mostly in winter and spring, were diurnal, used rodent (Sigmodon hispidus) burrows on canal banks as nocturnal retreats, and emerged from burrows on 13–26% of the sampling days. Overlap of burrow use by both sexes was extensive with no evidence of territoriality. Kingsnakes readily entered the Water Hyacinths to bask, pursue mates, and forage. At Rainey Slough only snakes were detected in the diet of kingsnakes. Concurrent sampling of potential snake prey in the hyacinths and on canal banks revealed 10 species that varied in use of the two sampled habitats and in body size. A range-wide analysis confirmed that in descending order snakes, reptile eggs, and lizards dominate the diet of L. getula in Florida (94.8%) and remain important prey types elsewhere (80.2%). At Rainey Slough the density of six species of semiaquatic snakes in Water Hyacinths averaged 3534 individuals/ha with a mean annual biomass of 135.8 kg/ha, and kingsnake biomass was only 2.2–3.9% of prey snake biomass. We estimated that the kingsnake population consumed 36.82–63.58 kg/yr, or about 10.0–17.2% of the standing crop of snakes in the Water Hyacinth community. Adult male L. getula lost on average 39.3% of their body mass associated with the spring reproductive season, whereas females lost only 3.4% in the same period. Body condition indices for both sexes improved substantially thereafter. In follow-up surveys at Rainey Slough during 2006–2010 no kingsnakes were found. Semiaquatic snake densities in the Water Hyacinths were 77.2% lower (807.4/ha) than in the 1970s and consisted of only three species. Compared to the enigmatic declines and extirpation of L. getula populations elsewhere, at Rainey Slough the primary cause likely was unsustainable mortality from road reconstruction and paving in the winter–spring of 1979 and subsequent roadkill. Other potentially causative agents of extirpation of L. getula in this system are discussed.
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Climate models predict dramatic extinctions and distributional shifts in the next century, but there are few ground-truths of these dire forecasts leading to uncertainty in predicting extinctions due to climate change. Previously, we reported on recent extinctions of Mexican Sceloporus lizards by comparing recent surveys to historical distributional records for 48 species at 200 sites. We also ground-truthed extinctions on five continents across 8 lizard families by comparing observed and predicted extinctions from an eco-physiological species distribution model and obtained a high R 2 of 0.72 (1, 2). Here, we derive more detailed predictions for 15 terrestrial reptile families and 142 species for the Mexican and California Biogeographic provinces using all known museum occurrence records, and detailed measures on eco-physiology. We adopt the eco-physiological model of extinction developed earlier but use a species-specific model. We predict massive and rapid extinctions of 22% of the reptile populations in Mexico within the next 50 years. We also predict that 3 of 15 reptile families, all three endemic to the Mexican and Californian biogeographic provinces, will go extinct by 2070, the hallmark of the beginnings of a mass extinction event. However, extinctions may be attenuated by forest cover and by presence of montane environments in contemporary ranges. We describe impacts of altitude on three species (Gopherus morafkai, G. evgoodei, and Gambelia sila) to illustrate regional management strategies (AZ-Mexico, Sinoloa, CA) for reserves in tandem with global strategies of CO2 limits that might limit climate impacts. By carefully selecting new montane preserves adjacent to desert and tropical forest habitats, and by implementing global controls on atmospheric CO2 emissions, extinctions may be reduced to less than 11% of species and only a single reptile family.
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