{"pageNumber":"104","pageRowStart":"2575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":37001,"records":[{"id":70007472,"text":"ofr20111277 - 2012 - Fission products in National Atmospheric Deposition Program—Wet deposition samples prior to and following the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant incident, March 8?April 5, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-22T00:10:03","indexId":"ofr20111277","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-13T10:01:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1277","title":"Fission products in National Atmospheric Deposition Program—Wet deposition samples prior to and following the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant incident, March 8?April 5, 2011","docAbstract":"Radioactive isotopes I-131, Cs-134, or Cs-137, products of uranium fission, were measured at approximately 20 percent of 167 sampled National Atmospheric Deposition Program monitoring sites in North America (primarily in the contiguous United States and Alaska) after the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant incident on March 12, 2011. Samples from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program were analyzed for the period of March 8-April 5, 2011. Calculated 1- or 2-week radionuclide deposition fluxes at 35 sites from Alaska to Vermont ranged from 0.47 to 5,100 Becquerels per square meter during the sampling period of March 15-April 5, 2011. No fission-product isotopes were measured in National Atmospheric Deposition Program samples obtained during March 8-15, 2011, prior to the arrival of contaminated air in North America.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111277","usgsCitation":"Wetherbee, G.A., Debey, T.M., Nilles, M.A., Lehmann, C.M., and Gay, D., 2012, Fission products in National Atmospheric Deposition Program—Wet deposition samples prior to and following the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant incident, March 8?April 5, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1277, vi, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111277.","productDescription":"vi, 27 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-03-08","temporalEnd":"2011-04-05","costCenters":[{"id":133,"text":"Atmospheric Deposition Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1277.png"},{"id":115839,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1277/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada;United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico;U.S. Virgin Islands;North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10bce4b0c8380cd53daf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetherbee, Gregory A. 0000-0002-6720-2294 wetherbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-2294","contributorId":1044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"Gregory","email":"wetherbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Debey, Timothy M. tdebey@usgs.gov","contributorId":3964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Debey","given":"Timothy","email":"tdebey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nilles, Mark A. manilles@usgs.gov","contributorId":3171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilles","given":"Mark","email":"manilles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lehmann, Christopher M.B.","contributorId":84859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehmann","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gay, David A.","contributorId":68022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007370,"text":"ofr20121027 - 2012 - Distribution and condition of larval and juvenile Lost River and shortnose suckers in the Williamson River Delta restoration project and Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-14T00:10:03","indexId":"ofr20121027","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1027","title":"Distribution and condition of larval and juvenile Lost River and shortnose suckers in the Williamson River Delta restoration project and Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"Federally endangered Lost River sucker <i>(Deltistes luxatus)</i> and shortnose sucker <i>(Chasmistes brevirostris)</i> were once abundant throughout their range but populations have declined. They were extirpated from several lakes in the 1920s and may no longer reproduce in other lakes. Poor recruitment to the adult spawning populations is one of several reasons cited for the decline and lack of recovery of these species and may be the consequence of high mortality during juvenile life stages. High larval and juvenile sucker mortality may be exacerbated by an insufficient quantity of suitable or high-quality rearing habitat. In addition, larval suckers may be swept downstream from suitable rearing areas in Upper Klamath Lake into Keno Reservoir, where they are assumed lost to Upper Klamath Lake populations. The Nature Conservancy flooded about 3,600 acres (1,456 hectares) to the north of the Williamson River mouth (Tulana) in October 2007, and about 1,400 acres (567 hectares) to the south and east of the Williamson River mouth (Goose Bay Farms) in October 2008, in order to retain larval suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, create nursery habitat, and improve water quality. The U.S. Geological Survey joined a long-term research and monitoring program in collaboration with The Nature Conservancy, the Bureau of Reclamation, and Oregon State University in 2008 to assess the effects of the Williamson River Delta restoration on the early life-history stages of Lost River and shortnose suckers. The primary objectives of the research were to describe habitat colonization and use by larval and juvenile suckers and non-sucker fishes and to evaluate the effects of the restored habitat on the health and condition of juvenile suckers. This report summarizes data collected in 2010 by the U.S. Geological Survey as a part of this monitoring effort and follows two annual reports on data collected in 2008 and 2009. Restoration modifications made to the Williamson River Delta appeared to provide additional suitable rearing habitat for endangered Lost River and shortnose suckers from 2008 to 2010 based on sucker catches. Mean larval sample density was greater for both species in the Williamson River Delta than adjacent lake habitats in all 3 years. In addition to larval suckers, at least three age classes of juvenile suckers were captured in the delta. The shallow Goose Bay Farms and Tulana Emergent were among the most used habitats by age-0 suckers in 2009. Both of these environments became inaccessible due to low water in 2010, however, and were not sampled after July 19, 2010. In contrast, age-1 sucker catches shifted from the shallow water (about 0.5-1.5 m deep) on the eastern side of the Williamson River Delta in May, to deeper water environments (greater than 2 m) by the end of June or early July in all 3 years. Differential distribution among sucker species within the Williamson River Delta and between the delta and adjacent lakes indicated that shortnose suckers likely benefited more from the restored Williamson River Delta than Lost River or Klamath largescale suckers <i>(Catostomus snyderi)</i>. Catch rates in shallow-water habitats within the delta were higher for shortnose and Klamath largescale sucker larvae than for larval Lost River suckers in 2008, 2009, and 2010. Shortnose suckers also comprised the greatest portion of age-0 suckers captured in the Williamson River Delta in all 3 years of the study. The relative abundance of age-1 shortnose suckers was high in our catches compared to age-1 Lost River suckers in 2009 and 2010. The restored delta also created habitat for several piscivorous fishes, but only two appeared to pose a meaningful threat of predation to suckers - fathead minnows <i>(Pimephales promelas)</i> and yellow perch <i>(Perca flavescens)</i>. Fathead minnows that prey on larval but not juvenile suckers dominated catches in all sampling areas. Yellow perch also were abundant throughout the study area, but based on their gape size and co-occurrence with suckers, most were only capable of preying on larvae. Low May lake-surface elevation, below average snow pack, and anticipated irrigation demands indicated late summer water levels in Upper Klamath Lake would be unusually low in 2010. In response to concerns by the Fish and Wildlife Service and The Nature Conservancy that low-water conditions might strand fish on the delta, low water seine surveys were implemented. Eleven fishes, including both endangered suckers, were captured in seine surveys, including both species of suckers, which continued to use shallow water less than 0.4 m deep through September 21. Lake elevation declined to 1,261.54 m (4,138.9 feet) in mid-September 2010, but did not appear to strand fish or cause large-scale fish mortality.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121027","usgsCitation":"Burdick, S.M., 2012, Distribution and condition of larval and juvenile Lost River and shortnose suckers in the Williamson River Delta restoration project and Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1027, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121027.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1027.jpg"},{"id":115797,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1027/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake;Williamson River Delta;Agency Lake;Williamson River;Sprague River;Keno Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.08333333333333,42.25 ], [ -122.08333333333333,42.583333333333336 ], [ -121.75,42.583333333333336 ], [ -121.75,42.25 ], [ -122.08333333333333,42.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0282e4b0c8380cd50099","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007341,"text":"ofr20111291 - 2012 - Gap Analysis of Benthic Mapping at Three National Parks: Assateague Island National Seashore, Channel Islands National Park, and Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-11T00:10:04","indexId":"ofr20111291","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1291","title":"Gap Analysis of Benthic Mapping at Three National Parks: Assateague Island National Seashore, Channel Islands National Park, and Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore","docAbstract":"The National Park Service (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) Program initiated a benthic habitat mapping program in ocean and coastal parks in 2008-2009 in alignment with the NPS Ocean Park Stewardship 2007-2008 Action Plan. With more than 80 ocean and Great Lakes parks encompassing approximately 2.5 million acres of submerged territory and approximately 12,000 miles of coastline (Curdts, 2011), this Servicewide Benthic Mapping Program (SBMP) is essential. This report presents an initial gap analysis of three pilot parks under the SBMP: Assateague Island National Seashore (ASIS), Channel Islands National Park (CHIS), and Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore (SLBE) (fig. 1). The recommended SBMP protocols include servicewide standards (for example, gap analysis, minimum accuracy, final products) as well as standards that can be adapted to fit network and park unit needs (for example, minimum mapping unit, mapping priorities). The SBMP requires the inventory and mapping of critical components of coastal and marine ecosystems: bathymetry, geoforms, surface geology, and biotic cover. In order for a park unit benthic inventory to be considered complete, maps of bathymetry and other key components must be combined into a final report (Moses and others, 2010). By this standard, none of the three pilot parks are mapped (inventoried) to completion with respect to submerged resources. After compiling the existing benthic datasets for these parks, this report has concluded that CHIS, with 49 percent of its submerged area mapped, has the most complete benthic inventory of the three. The ASIS submerged inventory is 41 percent complete, and SLBE is 17.5 percent complete.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111291","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Rose, K.V., Nayegandhi, A., Moses, C.S., Beavers, R., Lavoie, D., and Brock, J., 2012, Gap Analysis of Benthic Mapping at Three National Parks: Assateague Island National Seashore, Channel Islands National Park, and Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1291, v, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111291.","productDescription":"v, 60 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"65","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1291.jpg"},{"id":115793,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1291/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island National Seashore;Channel Islands National Park;Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14b5e4b0c8380cd54b10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Kathryn V.","contributorId":45451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nayegandhi, Amar","contributorId":37292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nayegandhi","given":"Amar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moses, Christopher S.","contributorId":98429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moses","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beavers, Rebecca","contributorId":50577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beavers","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lavoie, Dawn","contributorId":43881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lavoie","given":"Dawn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brock, John 0000-0002-5289-9332 jbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-9332","contributorId":2261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"John","email":"jbrock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70007346,"text":"ofr20121010 - 2012 - Magmatic ore deposits in layered intrusions - Descriptive model for reef-type PGE and contact-type Cu-Ni-PGE deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ofr20121010","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1010","title":"Magmatic ore deposits in layered intrusions - Descriptive model for reef-type PGE and contact-type Cu-Ni-PGE deposits","docAbstract":"Layered, ultramafic to mafic intrusions are uncommon in the geologic record, but host magmatic ore deposits containing most of the world's economic concentrations of platinum-group elements (PGE) (figs. 1 and 2). These deposits are mined primarily for their platinum, palladium, and rhodium contents (table 1). Magmatic ore deposits are derived from accumulations of crystals of metallic oxides, or immiscible sulfide, or oxide liquids that formed during the cooling and crystallization of magma, typically with mafic to ultramafic compositions. \"PGE reefs\" are stratabound PGE-enriched lode mineralization in mafic to ultramafic layered intrusions. The term \"reef\" is derived from Australian and South African literature for this style of mineralization and used to refer to (1) the rock layer that is mineralized and has distinctive texture or mineralogy (Naldrett, 2004), or (2) the PGE-enriched sulfide mineralization that occurs within the rock layer. For example, Viljoen (1999) broadly defined the Merensky Reef as \"a mineralized zone within or closely associated with an unconformity surface in the ultramafic cumulate at the base of the Merensky Cyclic Unit.\" In this report, we will use the term PGE reef to refer to the PGE-enriched mineralization, not the host rock layer. Within a layered igneous intrusion, reef-type mineralization is laterally persistent along strike, extending for the length of the intrusion, typically tens to hundreds of kilometers. However, the mineralized interval is thin, generally centimeters to meters thick, relative to the stratigraphic thickness of layers in an intrusion that vary from hundreds to thousands of meters. PGE-enriched sulfide mineralization is also found near the contacts or margins of layered mafic to ultramafic intrusions (Iljina and Lee, 2005). This contact-type mineralization consists of disseminated to massive concentrations of iron-copper-nickel-PGE-enriched sulfide mineral concentrations in zones that can be tens to hundreds of meters thick. The modes and textures of the igneous rocks hosting the mineralization vary irregularly on the scale of centimeters to meters; autoliths and xenoliths are common. Mineralization occurs in the igneous intrusion and in the surrounding country rocks. Mineralization can be preferentially localized along contact with country rocks that are enriched in sulfur-, iron-, or CO2-bearing lithologies. Reef-type and contact-type deposits, in particular those in the Bushveld Complex, South Africa, are the world's primary source of platinum and rhodium (tables 2 and 3; fig. 2). Reef-type PGE deposits are mined only in the Bushveld Complex (Merensky Reef and UG2), the Stillwater Complex (J-M Reef), and the Great Dyke (Main Sulphide Layer). PGE-enriched contact-type deposits are only mined in the Bushveld Complex. The other deposits in tables 2 and 3 are undeveloped; some are still under exploration.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121010","usgsCitation":"Zientek, M.L., 2012, Magmatic ore deposits in layered intrusions - Descriptive model for reef-type PGE and contact-type Cu-Ni-PGE deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1010, vi, 48 p.; 2 Tables - Table 2: 23.74 x 7.71 inches, Table 3: 26.07 x 11.56 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121010.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.; 2 Tables - Table 2: 23.74 x 7.71 inches, Table 3: 26.07 x 11.56 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1010.png"},{"id":115787,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b4be4b0c8380cd69432","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zientek, Michael L. 0000-0002-8522-9626 mzientek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-9626","contributorId":2420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zientek","given":"Michael","email":"mzientek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007332,"text":"ofr20111314 - 2012 - Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2009 through September 2010) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"ofr20111314","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1314","title":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2009 through September 2010) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana","docAbstract":"Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in streams from Butte to near Missoula, Montana, as part of a monitoring program in the upper Clark Fork basin. The sampling program was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to characterize aquatic resources in the Clark Fork basin of western Montana, with emphasis on trace elements associated with historic mining and smelting activities. Sampling sites were located on the Clark Fork and selected tributaries. Water samples were collected periodically at 20 sites from October 2009 through September 2010. Bed-sediment and biota samples were collected once at 13 sites during August 2010. This report presents the analytical results and quality-assurance data for water-quality, bed-sediment, and biota samples collected at sites from October 2009 through September 2010. Water-quality data include concentrations of selected major ions, trace elements, and suspended sediment. Turbidity was analyzed for water samples collected at the four sites where seasonal daily values of turbidity were being determined. Daily values of suspended-sediment concentration and suspended-sediment discharge were determined for four sites. Bed-sediment data include trace-element concentrations in the fine-grained fraction. Biological data include trace-element concentrations in whole-body tissue of aquatic benthic insects. Statistical summaries of water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data for sites in the upper Clark Fork basin are provided for the period of record since 1985.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111314","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Dyke, J., 2012, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2009 through September 2010) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1314, vi, 120 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111314.","productDescription":"vi, 120 p.","temporalStart":"2009-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":400,"text":"Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1314.png"},{"id":115790,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1314/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Clark Fork Basin","city":"Butte","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.25,45.75 ], [ -114.25,47 ], [ -112,47 ], [ -112,45.75 ], [ -114.25,45.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bce5ee4b08c986b32e36e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, Kent A. kdodge@usgs.gov","contributorId":1036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"Kent","email":"kdodge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dyke, Jessica jldyke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyke","given":"Jessica","email":"jldyke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007318,"text":"ofr20121016 - 2012 - Review of rare earth element concentrations in oil shales of the Eocene Green River Formation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-09T23:21:54","indexId":"ofr20121016","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-08T11:11:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1016","title":"Review of rare earth element concentrations in oil shales of the Eocene Green River Formation","docAbstract":"Concentrations of the lanthanide series or rare earth elements and yttrium were determined for lacustrine oil shale samples from the Eocene Green River Formation in the Piceance Basin of Colorado and the Uinta Basin of Utah. Unprocessed oil shale, post-pyrolysis (spent) shale, and leached shale samples were examined to determine if oil-shale processing to generate oil or the remediation of retorted shale affects rare earth element concentrations. Results for unprocessed Green River oil shale samples were compared to data published in the literature on reference materials, such as chondritic meteorites, the North American shale composite, marine oil shale samples from two sites in northern Tibet, and mined rare earth element ores from the United States and China. The Green River oil shales had lower rare earth element concentrations (66.3 to 141.3 micrograms per gram, &mu;g g<sup>-1</sup>) than are typical of material in the upper crust (approximately 170 &mu;g g<sup>-1</sup>) and were also lower in rare earth elements relative to the North American shale composite (approximately 165 &mu;g g<sup>-1</sup>). Adjusting for dilution of rare earth elements by organic matter does not account for the total difference between the oil shales and other crustal rocks. Europium anomalies for Green River oil shales from the Piceance Basin were slightly lower than those reported for the North American shale composite and upper crust. When compared to ores currently mined for rare earth elements, the concentrations in Green River oil shales are several orders of magnitude lower. Retorting Green River oil shales led to a slight enrichment of rare earth elements due to removal of organic matter. When concentrations in spent and leached samples were normalized to an original rock basis, concentrations were comparable to those of the raw shale, indicating that rare earth elements are conserved in processed oil shales.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121016","usgsCitation":"Birdwell, J.E., 2012, Review of rare earth element concentrations in oil shales of the Eocene Green River Formation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1016, v, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121016.","productDescription":"v, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116460,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1016.png"},{"id":115784,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah;Colorado;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Green River Formation","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.25,38 ], [ -112.25,43.333333333333336 ], [ -106.25,43.333333333333336 ], [ -106.25,38 ], [ -112.25,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac7ce4b0c8380cd86d57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007288,"text":"ofr20111280 - 2012 - Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Rogue River basin, southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-25T10:21:52","indexId":"ofr20111280","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1280","title":"Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Rogue River basin, southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>This report summarizes a preliminary assessment of bed-material transport, vertical and lateral channel changes, and existing datasets for the Rogue River basin, which encompasses 13,390 square kilometers (km<sup>2</sup>) along the southwestern Oregon coast. This study, conducted to inform permitting decisions regarding instream gravel mining, revealed that:</p><ul><li>The Rogue River in its lowermost 178.5 kilometers (km) alternates between confined and unconfined segments, and is predominately alluvial along its lowermost 44 km. The study area on the mainstem Rogue River can be divided into five reaches based on topography, hydrology, and tidal influence. The largely confined, active channel flows over bedrock and coarse bed material composed chiefly of boulders and cobbles in the Grants Pass (river kilometers [RKM] 178.5–152.8), Merlin (RKM 152.8–132.7), and Galice Reaches (RKM 132.7–43.9). Within these confined reaches, the channel contains few bars and has stable planforms except for locally wider segments such as the Brushy Chutes area in the Merlin Reach. Conversely, the active channel flows over predominately alluvial material and contains nearly continuous gravel bars in the Lobster Creek Reach (RKM 43.9–6.7). The channel in the Tidal Reach (RKM 6.7–0) is also alluvial, but tidally affected and unconfined until RKM 2. The Lobster Creek and Tidal Reaches contain some of the most extensive bar deposits within the Rogue River study area.</li><li>For the 56.6-km-long segment of the Applegate River included in this study, the river was divided into two reaches based on topography. In the Upper Applegate River Reach (RKM 56.6–41.6), the confined, active channel flows over alluvium and bedrock and has few bars. In the Lower Applegate River Reach (RKM 41.6–0), the active channel alternates between confined and unconfined segments, flows predominantly over alluvium, shifts laterally in unconfined sections, and contains more numerous and larger bars.</li><li>The 6.5-km segment of the lower Illinois River included in this study was treated as one reach. This stretch of the Illinois River is fully alluvial, with nearly continuous gravel bars flanking the channel. The width of the active channel is confined by the narrow topography of the valley.</li><li>The primary human activities that have likely influenced channel condition, bed-material transport, and the extent and area of bars are (1) historical gold mining throughout the basin, (2) historical and ongoing gravel mining from instream sites in the Tidal Reach and floodplain sites such as those in the Lower Applegate River Reach, (3) hydropower and flow control structures, (4) forest management and fires throughout the basin, and (5) dredging. These anthropogenic activities likely have varying effects on channel condition and the transport and deposition of sediment throughout the study area and over time.</li><li>Several vertical (aspect) aerial photographs (including the complete coverages of the study area taken in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2009 and the partial coverages taken in 1967, 1968, 1969, and 1990) are available for assessing long-term changes in attributes such as channel condition, bar area, and vegetation cover. A Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) survey performed in 2007–2008 provides 1-m resolution topographic data for sections of the Grants Pass (RKM 178.5–167.6) and Lobster Creek (RKM 17.8–12 and 10–6.7) Reaches and the entire Tidal Reach.</li><li>Previous studies provide information for specific locations, including (1) an estimated average annual bed-material load of 76,000 m<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>at the former Savage Rapids Dam site (RKM 173.1, Grants Pass Reach), (2) over 490 m of channel shifting from 1965 to 1991 in the Brushy Chutes area (RKM 142–141, Merlin Reach), (3) active sediment transport and channel processes in the Lobster Creek Reach, (4) lateral channel migration in the Tidal Reach, and (5) up to 1.8 m of bar aggradation from the town of Agness (RKM 45.1) to the Rogue River mouth following the flood in water year 1997.</li><li>Review of the repeat surveys conducted at the instream gravel-mining sites on Elephant and Wedderburn Bars tentatively indicated that these bars (1) experience some bed-material deposition in most years and more substantial deposition following high flows such as those in water years 1997 and 2006, and (2) are dynamic and subject to local scour and deposition.</li><li>Results from the specific gage analyses completed for five long-term USGS streamflow-gaging stations showed that only the Grants Pass station on the Rogue River (RKM 164.4, Grants Pass Reach) experienced substantial changes in the stage–discharge relationship across a range of flows from 1938 to 2009. Observed changes indicate channel incision at this site.</li><li>The Rogue and Applegate Rivers are dynamic and subject to channel shifting, aggradation, and incision, as indicated by channel cross sections surveyed during 2000–2010 on the Rogue River and 1933–2010 on the Applegate River. The elevation of the riverbed changed substantially (defined here as more than a net 0.5 m of incision or aggradation) at three locations on the Rogue River (near RKM 164.5, 139.2, and 1.3) and two on the Applegate River (near RKM 42 and 13.5).</li><li>Systematic delineation of bar features from vertical photographs taken in 1967–69, 2005, and 2009 indicated that most of the repeat mapping sites had a net loss in bar area over the analysis period, ranging from 22 percent at the Oak Flat site (Illinois River Reach) to 69 percent at the Thompson Creek site (Upper Applegate River Reach). Bar area remained stable at the Williams Creek site (Lower Applegate River Reach), but increased 11 percent at the Elephant Rock site (Tidal Reach). The declines in bar area were associated primarily with the establishment of vegetation on upper bar surfaces lacking obvious vegetation in the 1960s. Some of the apparent changes in bar area may also owe to some differences in streamflow and tide levels between the vertical photographs.</li><li>On the mainstem Rogue River, the median diameter of surface particles varied from 21 mm at the Wedderburn Bar in the Tidal Reach to more than 100 millimeters (mm) at some of the coarsest bars in the Galice Reach. Low armoring ratios tentatively indicated that sediment supply likely exceeds transport capacity at Orchard (Lobster Creek Reach) and Wedderburn (Tidal Reach) Bars. Conversely, relatively higher armoring ratios indicated that transport capacity likely is in balance with sediment supply at Roberston Bridge Bar (Merlin Reach) and exceeds sediment supply at Rogue River City (Grants Pass Reach), Solitude Riffle (Galice Reach), and Hooks Gulch (Galice Reach) Bars.</li><li>Limited particle data were collected in the study areas on the Applegate and Illinois Rivers. Particle size measurements and armoring ratios tentatively show that sediment supply likely exceeds transport capacity at Bakery Bar in the Lower Applegate Reach. Also, the bed material exiting the Applegate River is likely finer than the bed material in the Rogue River, whereas bed material exiting the Illinois River is likely coarser than the bed material in the Rogue River.</li><li>Together, these observations and findings indicate that (1) the size, area, and overall position of bars in the Rogue River study area are determined largely by valley physiography, such that unconfined alluvial sections have large channel-flanking bars, whereas confined sections have fewer and smaller bars, (2) segments within the Grants Pass, Merlin, Tidal, Upper Applegate River, and Lower Applegate River Reaches are prone to vertical and/or lateral channel adjustments, and (3) the balance between transport capacity and sediment supply varies throughout the study area.</li><li>High winter flows and the steep, confined character of much of the Rogue River within the study area result in a river corridor with a high capacity to transport bed material. In the Grants Pass and Galice Reaches, the extensive in-channel bedrock as well as the sparse number and coarse texture of bars indicate that these reaches are likely supply-limited, meaning that the river’s transport capacity exceeds the supply of bed material. In contrast, the Lobster Creek and Tidal Reaches and perhaps portions of the Merlin Reach receive bed-material inputs that more closely balance or even exceed the river’s transport capacity.</li><li>The lowermost reaches on the Illinois and Applegate Rivers are fully alluvial segments that are likely transport limited, meaning sediment supply likely exceeds the river's transport capacity. However, the steeper Upper Applegate River Reach is likely supply-limited as indicated by the sparse number and area of bars mapped in this reach and the intermittent bedrock outcrops in the channel. The sediment loads derived from these large tributaries draining the Klamath Mountains are probably important contributions to the overall transport of bed material in the Rogue River basin.</li><li>Compared to the slightly smaller Umpqua River basin (drainage area 12,103 km<sup>2</sup>) to the north, the Rogue River (13,390 km<sup>2</sup>) likely transports more bed material. Although this conclusion of greater bed-material transport in the Rogue River is tentative in the absence of either actual transport measurements or transport capacity calculations, empirical evidence, including the much greater area and frequency of bars along most of the Rogue River as well as the much shorter tidal reach on the Rogue River (6.7 km) compared to the Umpqua River (40 km) supports this inference.</li><li>More detailed investigations of bed-material transport rates and channel morphology would support assessments of channel condition, longitudinal trends in particle size, the relation between sediment supply and transport capacity, and the potential causes of bar area loss (such as vegetation establishment and potential changes in peak flow patterns). The reaches most practical for such assessments and relevant to several management and ecological issues are (1) the lower Rogue River basin, including the Lobster Creek and Tidal Reaches of the Rogue River as well as the Illinois River Reach and (2) the Lower Applegate River Reach.</li></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111280","usgsCitation":"Jones, K.L., O'Connor, J., Keith, M., Mangano, J.F., and Wallick, J., 2012, Preliminary assessment of channel stability and bed-material transport in the Rogue River basin, southwestern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1280, viii, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111280.","productDescription":"viii, 96 p.","numberOfPages":"107","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1280.jpg"},{"id":115765,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1280/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"UTM, Zone 10N","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Jackson county, Josephine county","otherGeospatial":"Rogue River Basin, Applegate River, llinois River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.75,42 ], [ -124.75,43.25 ], [ -122,43.25 ], [ -122,42 ], [ -124.75,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a82e5e4b0c8380cd7bcd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Krista L. 0000-0002-0301-4497 kljones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-4497","contributorId":4550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Krista","email":"kljones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keith, Mackenzie K.","contributorId":16560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Mackenzie K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mangano, Joseph F. 0000-0003-4213-8406 jmangano@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4213-8406","contributorId":4722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangano","given":"Joseph","email":"jmangano@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wallick, J. Rose 0000-0002-9392-272X rosewall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-272X","contributorId":3583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallick","given":"J. Rose","email":"rosewall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70007282,"text":"ofr20121023 - 2012 - Social values for ecosystem services (SolVES): Documentation and user manual, version 2.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-03T00:10:05","indexId":"ofr20121023","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1023","title":"Social values for ecosystem services (SolVES): Documentation and user manual, version 2.0","docAbstract":"In response to the need for incorporating quantified and spatially explicit measures of social values into ecosystem services assessments, the Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center (RMGSC), in collaboration with Colorado State University, developed a geographic information system (GIS) application, Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES). With version 2.0 (SolVES 2.0), RMGSC has improved and extended the functionality of SolVES, which was designed to assess, map, and quantify the perceived social values of ecosystem services. Social values such as aesthetics, biodiversity, and recreation can be evaluated for various stakeholder groups as distinguished by their attitudes and preferences regarding public uses, such as motorized recreation and logging. As with the previous version, SolVES 2.0 derives a quantitative, 10-point, social-values metric, the Value Index, from a combination of spatial and nonspatial responses to public attitude and preference surveys and calculates metrics characterizing the underlying environment, such as average distance to water and dominant landcover. Additionally, SolVES 2.0 integrates Maxent maximum entropy modeling software to generate more complete social value maps and to produce robust statistical models describing the relationship between the social values maps and explanatory environmental variables. The performance of these models can be evaluated for a primary study area, as well as for similar areas where primary survey data are not available but where social value mapping could potentially be completed using value-transfer methodology. SolVES 2.0 also introduces the flexibility for users to define their own social values and public uses, model any number and type of environmental variable, and modify the spatial resolution of analysis. With these enhancements, SolVES 2.0 provides an improved public domain tool for decisionmakers and researchers to evaluate the social values of ecosystem services and to facilitate discussions among diverse stakeholders regarding the tradeoffs among different ecosystem services in a variety of physical and social contexts ranging from forest and rangeland to coastal and marine.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121023","collaboration":"Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program, in collaboration with Colorado State University","usgsCitation":"Sherrouse, B.C., and Semmens, D.J., 2012, Social values for ecosystem services (SolVES): Documentation and user manual, version 2.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1023, vi, 55 p.; Downloadable GIS - SolVES 2.0, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121023.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.; Downloadable GIS - SolVES 2.0","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116812,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1023.png"},{"id":115764,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1023/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91c7e4b08c986b319acb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrouse, Benson C.","contributorId":37831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrouse","given":"Benson","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Darius J. 0000-0001-7924-6529 dsemmens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-6529","contributorId":1714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"Darius","email":"dsemmens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007272,"text":"ofr20111133 - 2012 - Accounts of damage from historical earthquakes in the northeastern Caribbean to aid in the determination of their location and intensity magnitudes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:00:31","indexId":"ofr20111133","displayToPublicDate":"2012-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1133","title":"Accounts of damage from historical earthquakes in the northeastern Caribbean to aid in the determination of their location and intensity magnitudes","docAbstract":"Earthquakes have been documented in the northeastern Caribbean since the arrival of Columbus to the Americas; written accounts of these felt earthquakes exist in various parts of the world. To better understand the earthquake cycle in the Caribbean, the records of earthquakes in earlier catalogs and historical documents from various archives, which are now available online, were critically examined. This report updates previous catalogs of earthquakes, in particular earthquakes in Hispaniola, to give to the public the most comprehensive documentation of earthquake damage and to further the understanding of the earthquake cycle in the northeastern Caribbean.\nDocumentation of an event in the past depended on the population and political trends of the island, and the availability of historical documents is limited by the physical resource digitization schedule and by the copyright laws of each archive. Examples of documents accessed are governors' letters, newspapers, and other circulars published within the Caribbean, North America, and Western Europe. Key words were used to search for publications that contain eyewitness accounts of various large earthquakes. Finally, this catalog provides descriptions of damage to buildings used in previous studies for the estimation of moment intensity (MI) and location of significantly damaging or felt earthquakes in Hispaniola and in the northeastern Caribbean, all of which have been described in other studies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111133","usgsCitation":"Flores, C.H., ten Brink, U., and Bakun, W.H., 2012, Accounts of damage from historical earthquakes in the northeastern Caribbean to aid in the determination of their location and intensity magnitudes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1133, vi, 183 p. Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111133.","productDescription":"vi, 183 p. Appendices","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1133.gif"},{"id":115760,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1133/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Northeastern Caribbean;Hispaniola;Puerto Rico;Virgin Islands;Northern Lesser Antilles","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75,15 ], [ -75,22 ], [ -57,22 ], [ -57,15 ], [ -75,15 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e66fe4b0c8380cd47410","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flores, Claudia H.","contributorId":99292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flores","given":"Claudia","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bakun, William H.","contributorId":39361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakun","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007181,"text":"ofr20111312 - 2012 - Preliminary investigations of the winter ecology of Long-billed Curlews in coastal Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ofr20111312","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-23T11:26:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1312","title":"Preliminary investigations of the winter ecology of Long-billed Curlews in coastal Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Since the early 1900s, the distribution of the Long-billed Curlew (<i>Numenius americanus</i>) has contracted dramatically in the eastern one-half of its historic range. The species has been designated as a \"Bird of Conservation Concern\" and focal species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, a species of concern by several states, and a \"Highly Imperiled\" species in the U.S. Shorebird Conservation Plan. The uncertain outlook for this species has contributed to a plethora of research on Long-billed Curlews, most of which have focused on breeding and nesting ecology of the species. Gaps remain in information about factors affecting population dynamics on the winter grounds and the linkages between Long-billed Curlew populations on the breeding range, migration routes, and winter range. To begin filling those gaps, a pilot study was done to evaluate (1) curlew use of nocturnal roost sites, (2) use of public outreach to locate curlews and contribute to preliminary assessment of foraging habitat use, (3) six different methods to capture curlews, and (4) movements by curlews on wintering areas. The study area includes the lower Texas coast, which harbors the eastern-most dense populations of Long-billed Curlews in North America.</p>\n<p>Use of historical winter roost sites was not observed; however, there was documented limited use (up to 150 curlews) of several new roost sites, some of which were used on an intermittent or erratic basis. Reports elicited from the public indicated Long-billed Curlews wintering in coastal Texas often forage in open, grass-covered lots of partially developed residential areas, golf courses, and public parks within urban and suburban zones. Curlews were reported to use these sites in developed areas as far as 100 kilometers inland. Other reports indicated Long-billed Curlews foraging in farm fields, shallow coastal marsh, and on the beaches of Gulf of Mexico barrier islands.</p>\n<p>The effectiveness of six techniques for capture of Long-billed Curlews was evaluated in the study. Seven curlews were captured and banded with four of six methods attempted. At least one curlew each was captured with (1) noose ropes, (2) baited bow net, (3) Coda Netgun, and (4) whoosh net; no curlews were caught with a cast net or Super Talon netgun. The Coda Netgun proved to be the most effective methodology examined. Captured birds (7) were weighed, measured, and banded. Body masses (mean = 518 grams) were low compared to data previously published on body mass of Long-billed Curlews. There were 22 observations recorded of banded curlews. Resightings confirmed that birds were not harmed during capture. All of the 22 resightings occurred within two kilometers of the banding locations, suggesting that birds remained near their chosen foraging areas.</p>\n<p>Results from this 1-year pilot study yielded an intriguing combination of findings that warrant further investigation. Observations include reduced numbers of roosting birds along the Texas coast during dry conditions, highly dynamic use of nocturnal roost sites, use of widely divergent habitat types for foraging, low body mass of most captured birds, and apparent fidelity to general feeding areas. Future investigations of this eastern winter population of curlews would benefit from larger sample sizes and monitoring of individual birds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111312","usgsCitation":"Woodin, M.C., Skoruppa, M.K., Edwardson, J.W., and Austin, J., 2012, Preliminary investigations of the winter ecology of Long-billed Curlews in coastal Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1312, vi, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111312.","productDescription":"vi, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1312.jpg"},{"id":115679,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1312/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.5,26.666666666666668 ], [ -99.5,29 ], [ -95.16666666666667,29 ], [ -95.16666666666667,26.666666666666668 ], [ -99.5,26.666666666666668 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8856e4b0c8380cd7d865","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodin, Marc C.","contributorId":56316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodin","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skoruppa, Mary Kay","contributorId":24872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skoruppa","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Kay","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwardson, Jeremy W.","contributorId":22091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwardson","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Austin, Jane E.","contributorId":43094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70007180,"text":"ofr20111320 - 2012 - Groundwater quality in the Delaware and St. Lawrence River Basins, New York, 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:42","indexId":"ofr20111320","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-23T10:22:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1320","title":"Groundwater quality in the Delaware and St. Lawrence River Basins, New York, 2010","docAbstract":"<p>Water samples were collected from 10 production and domestic wells in the Delaware River Basin in New York and from 20 production and domestic wells in the St. Lawrence River Basin in New York from August through November 2010 to characterize groundwater quality in the basins. The samples were collected and processed by standard U.S. Geological Survey procedures and were analyzed for 147 physiochemical properties and constituents, including major ions, nutrients, trace elements, pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), radionuclides, and indicator bacteria.</p>\n<p>The Delaware River Basin covers 2,360 square miles in New York, and is underlain mainly by shale and sandstone bedrock with other types of bedrock present locally. The bedrock is overlain by till in much of the basin, but surficial deposits of saturated sand and gravel are present in some areas. Five of the wells sampled in the Delaware study area are completed in sand and gravel deposits, and five are completed in bedrock. Groundwater in the Delaware study area was typically neutral or slightly acidic; the water typically was soft. Bicarbonate, chloride, and calcium were the major ions with the greatest median concentrations; the dominant nutrient was nitrate. Strontium, barium, iron, and boron were the trace elements with the highest median concentrations. Radon was detected in all samples with activities greater than 300 picocuries per liter; the greatest radon activities were in samples from bedrock wells. Four pesticides, all herbicides or their degradates, were detected in four samples at trace levels; five VOCs, including four trihalomethanes and tetrachloromethane, were detected in two samples. Coliform bacteria were detected in five samples, but fecal coliform bacteria and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) were not detected in any samples from the Delaware study area.</p>\n<p>The St. Lawrence River Basin covers 5,650 square miles in New York. The St. Lawrence River Basin in New York is underlain by crystalline, carbonate, and sandstone bedrock. The bedrock is overlain by till or lacustrine and marine deposits in much of the basin. Surficial deposits of saturated sand and gravel are present locally, but most wells in the basin are completed in bedrock. Five of the wells sampled in the St. Lawrence study area are completed in sand and gravel deposits, and 15 are completed in bedrock. Groundwater in the St. Lawrence study area was typically neutral or slightly basic; the water typically was hard. Bicarbonate, sulfate, and calcium were the major ions with the greatest median concentrations; the dominant nutrient was nitrate. Strontium, iron, barium, and boron were the trace elements with the highest median concentrations. Radon was detected in two-thirds of samples with activities greater than 300 picocuries per liter; the greatest radon activities were in samples from bedrock wells. Seven pesticides, including 5 herbicides, an herbicide degradate, and an insecticide, were detected in 11 samples at trace levels; 3 VOCs (tetrachloroethene, toluene, and trichloromethane, or chloroform) were detected in 2 samples. Coliform bacteria were detected in 7 samples, and <i>E. coli</i> were detected in two samples in the St. Lawrence study area.</p>\n<p>Water quality in both study areas is generally good, but concentrations of some constituents equaled or exceeded current or proposed Federal or New York State drinking-water standards. The standards exceeded are color (one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), pH (three samples in the Delaware study area), sodium (one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), total dissolved solids (one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), aluminum (one sample in the Delaware study area and one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), iron (seven samples in the St. Lawrence study area), manganese (one sample in the Delaware study area and five samples in the St. Lawrence study area), gross alpha radioactivity (one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), radon-222 (10 samples in the Delaware study area and 14 samples in the St. Lawrence study area), and bacteria (5 samples in the Delaware study area and 10 samples in the St. Lawrence study area). E. coli bacteria were detected in samples from two wells in the St. Lawrence study area. Concentrations of chloride, fluoride, sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, silver, thallium, zinc, and uranium did not exceed existing drinking-water standards in any of the samples collected.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111320","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Nystrom, E.A., 2012, Groundwater quality in the Delaware and St. Lawrence River Basins, New York, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1320, vii, 24 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111320.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1320.gif"},{"id":115678,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1320/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Delaware River Basin;St. Lawrence River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.66666666666667,41.25 ], [ -75.66666666666667,42.5 ], [ -74.25,42.5 ], [ -74.25,41.25 ], [ -75.66666666666667,41.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2db1e4b0c8380cd5bfb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nystrom, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-0886-3439 nystrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-3439","contributorId":1072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"Elizabeth","email":"nystrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007190,"text":"ofr20111261 - 2012 - Shallow coal exploration drill-hole data--Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-06T08:05:56","indexId":"ofr20111261","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1261","title":"Shallow coal exploration drill-hole data--Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Coal exploration drill-hole data from over 24,000 wells in 10 States are discussed by State in the chapters of this report, and the data are provided in an accompanying spreadsheet. The drill holes were drilled between 1962 and 1984 by Phillips Coal Company, a division of Phillips Petroleum Company (Phillips). The data were donated to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2001 by the North American Coal Corporation, which purchased the Phillips assets as part of a larger dataset. Under the terms of the agreement with North American Coal Corporation, the data were deemed proprietary until February 2011, a period of 10 years after the donation (Appendix of Chapter A). Now that the required period of confidentiality has passed, the data have been digitized from tabulated data files to create unified and spatially consistent coal exploration drill-hole maps and reports for the States of Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. The data are made publicly available by this report.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111261","usgsCitation":"Valentine, B.J., and Dennen, K., 2012, Shallow coal exploration drill-hole data--Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1261, Report: 104 p., 12 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111261.","productDescription":"Report: 104 p., 12 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"104","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":116372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1261.gif"},{"id":115683,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1261/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama; Georgia; Kentucky; Louisiana; Mississippi; Missouri; North Carolina; South Carolina; Tennessee; 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,{"id":70007170,"text":"ofr20111301 - 2012 - Floods of July 23-26, 2010, in the Little Maquoketa River and Maquoketa River Basins, Northeast Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"ofr20111301","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1301","title":"Floods of July 23-26, 2010, in the Little Maquoketa River and Maquoketa River Basins, Northeast Iowa","docAbstract":"Minor flooding occurred July 23, 2010, in the Little Maquoketa River Basin and major flooding occurred July 23&ndash;26, 2010, in the Maquoketa River Basin in northeast Iowa following severe thunderstorm activity over the region during July 22&ndash;24. A breach of the Lake Delhi Dam on July 24 aggravated flooding on the Maquoketa River. Rain gages at Manchester and Strawberry Point, Iowa, recorded 72-hour-rainfall amounts of 7.33 and 12.23 inches, respectively, on July 24. The majority of the rainfall occurred during a 48-hour period. Within the Little Maquoketa River Basin, a peak-discharge estimate of 19,000 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 4 to 10 percent) at the discontinued 05414500 Little Maquoketa River near Durango, Iowa streamgage on July 23 is the sixth largest flood on record. Within the Maquoketa River Basin, peak discharges of 26,600 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 0.2 to 1 percent) at the 05416900 Maquoketa River at Manchester, Iowa streamgage on July 24, and of 25,000 cubic feet per second (annual flood-probability estimate of 1 to 2 percent) at the 05418400 North Fork Maquoketa River near Fulton, Iowa streamgage on July 24 are the largest floods on record for these sites. A peak discharge affected by the Lake Delhi Dam breach on July 24 at the 05418500 Maquoketa River near Maquoketa, Iowa streamgage, located downstream of Lake Delhi, of 46,000 cubic feet per second on July 26 is the third highest on record. High-water marks were measured at five locations along the Little Maquoketa and North Fork Little Maquoketa Rivers between U.S. Highway 52 near Dubuque and County Road Y21 near Rickardsville, a distance of 19 river miles. Highwater marks were measured at 28 locations along the Maquoketa River between U.S. Highway 52 near Green Island and State Highway 187 near Arlington, a distance of 142 river miles. High-water marks were measured at 13 locations along the North Fork Maquoketa River between Rockdale Road near Maquoketa and U.S. Highway 52 near Luxemburg, a distance of 90 river miles. The high-water marks were used to develop flood profiles for the Little Maquoketa, North Fork Little Maquoketa, Maquoketa, and North Fork Maquoketa Rivers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111301","usgsCitation":"Eash, D.A., 2012, Floods of July 23-26, 2010, in the Little Maquoketa River and Maquoketa River Basins, Northeast Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1301, vi, 18 p.; Figures; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111301.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.; Figures; Appendix","startPage":"i","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"51","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-07-23","temporalEnd":"2010-07-26","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1301.jpg"},{"id":115660,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1301/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.75,41.75 ], [ -91.75,42.75 ], [ -90.25,42.75 ], [ -90.25,41.75 ], [ -91.75,41.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a11fae4b0c8380cd54156","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eash, David A. 0000-0002-2749-8959 daeash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-8959","contributorId":1887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"David","email":"daeash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70007169,"text":"ofr20111306 - 2012 - User's guide for mapIMG 3--Map image re-projection software package","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:02","indexId":"ofr20111306","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1306","title":"User's guide for mapIMG 3--Map image re-projection software package","docAbstract":"Version 0.0 (1995), Dan Steinwand, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)/Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center (EDC)--Version 0.0 was a command line version for UNIX that required four arguments: the input metadata, the output metadata, the input data file, and the output destination path. Version 1.0 (2003), Stephen Posch and Michael P. Finn, USGS/Mid-Continent Mapping Center (MCMC--Version 1.0 added a GUI interface that was built using the Qt library for cross platform development. Version 1.01 (2004), Jason Trent and Michael P. Finn, USGS/MCMC--Version 1.01 suggested bounds for the parameters of each projection. Support was added for larger input files, storage of the last used input and output folders, and for TIFF/ GeoTIFF input images. Version 2.0 (2005), Robert Buehler, Jason Trent, and Michael P. Finn, USGS/National Geospatial Technical Operations Center (NGTOC)--Version 2.0 added Resampling Methods (Mean, Mode, Min, Max, and Sum), updated the GUI design, and added the viewer/pre-viewer. The metadata style was changed to XML and was switched to a new naming convention. Version 3.0 (2009), David Mattli and Michael P. Finn, USGS/Center of Excellence for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)--Version 3.0 brings optimized resampling methods, an updated GUI, support for less than global datasets, UTM support and the whole codebase was ported to Qt4.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111306","usgsCitation":"Finn, M.P., and Mattli, D.M., 2012, User's guide for mapIMG 3--Map image re-projection software package: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1306, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111306.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","startPage":"i","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1306.jpg"},{"id":115659,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1306/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbfdae4b08c986b329dd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Michael P. 0000-0003-0415-2194 mfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0415-2194","contributorId":2657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Michael","email":"mfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mattli, David M. dmattli@usgs.gov","contributorId":5606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattli","given":"David","email":"dmattli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039148,"text":"ofr20121105 - 2012 - Mapping argillic and advanced argillic alteration in volcanic rocks, quartzites, and quartz arenites in the western Richfield 1&deg; x 2 &deg; quadrangle, southwestern Utah, using ASTER satellite data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-24T01:01:47","indexId":"ofr20121105","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1105","title":"Mapping argillic and advanced argillic alteration in volcanic rocks, quartzites, and quartz arenites in the western Richfield 1&deg; x 2 &deg; quadrangle, southwestern Utah, using ASTER satellite data","docAbstract":"The Richfield quadrangle in southwestern Utah is known to contain a variety of porphyry Mo, skarn, polymetallic replacement and vein, alunite, and kaolin resources associated with 27-32 Ma calc-alkaline or 12-23 Ma bimodal volcano-plutonic centers in Neoproterozoic to Mesozoic carbonate and siliciclastic rocks. Four scenes of visible to shortwave-infrared image data acquired by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor were analyzed to generate maps of exposed clay, sulfate, mica, and carbonate minerals, and ASTER thermal infrared data were analyzed to identify quartz and carbonate minerals. Argillic and advanced argillic alteration minerals including alunite, pyrophyllite, dickite, and kaolinite were identified in both undocumented (U) and known (K) areas, including in the southern Paradise Mtns. (U); in calc-alkaline volcanic rocks in the Wah Wah Mtns. between Broken Ridge and the NG area (U/K); at Wah Wah Summit in a small zone adjacent to 33.1 Ma diorite and marble (U); in fractures cutting quartzites surrounding the 20-22 Ma Pine Grove Mo deposit (U); in volcanic rocks in the Shauntie Hills (U/K); in quartzites in the west-central San Francisco Mtns. (U); in volcanic rocks in the Black Mtns. (K); and in mainly 12-13 Ma rhyolitic rocks along a 20 km E-W belt that includes the Bible Spring fault zone west of Broken Ridge, with several small centers in the Escalante Desert to the south (U/K). Argillized Navajo Sandstone with kaolinite and (or) dickite &plusmn; alunite was mapped adjacent to calc-alkaline intrusions in the Star Range (U). Intense quartz-sericite alteration (K) with local kaolinite was identified in andesite adjacent to calc-alkaline intrusions in the Beaver Lake Mountains. Mo-bearing phyllic alteration was identified in 22.2 Ma rhyolite plugs at the center of the NG alunite area. Limestones, dolomites, and marbles were differentiated, and quartz and sericite were identified in most unaltered quartzites. Halos of argillically-altered rock &#8776;12 km in diameter surround the Pine Grove deposit, the central rhyolites at NG, and the North Peaks just south of the Bible Spring fault zone. A southward shift from 22-23 Ma alunite at NG in the northeast to the 12-13 Ma alunite near Broken Ridge in the southwest mirrors a shift in the locus of bimodal magmatism and is similar to the southward shift of activity from the Antelope Range to Alunite Ridge (porphyry Mo potential) in the Marysvale volcanic field farther east. The poster provided in this report compares mineral maps generated from analysis of combined visible-near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave-infrared (SWIR) data and thermal infrared (TIR) ASTER data to a previously published regional geologic map. Such comparisons are used to identify and differentiate rock-forming and hydrothermal alteration-related minerals, which aids in lithologic mapping and alteration characterization over an 11,245 square kilometer area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121105","usgsCitation":"Rockwell, B.W., and Hofstra, A.H., 2012, Mapping argillic and advanced argillic alteration in volcanic rocks, quartzites, and quartz arenites in the western Richfield 1&deg; x 2 &deg; quadrangle, southwestern Utah, using ASTER satellite data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1105, Report: iii, 5 p.; Poster (Low Resolution): 90.10 inches x 44.10 inches; Poster (High Resolution): 90.10 inches x 44.10 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121105.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 5 p.; Poster (Low Resolution): 90.10 inches x 44.10 inches; Poster (High Resolution): 90.10 inches x 44.10 inches; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1105.jpg"},{"id":259061,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1105/OFR_2012-1105_poster_lossless.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":259059,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1105/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":259060,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1105/OF2012-1105_text.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"175000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 12 North","datum":"Datum: North American Datum 1927","country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114,38 ], [ -114,39 ], [ -112,39 ], [ -112,38 ], [ -114,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5052e4b0c8380cd6b5e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rockwell, Barnaby W. 0000-0002-9549-0617 barnabyr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9549-0617","contributorId":2195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Barnaby","email":"barnabyr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70007089,"text":"ofr20121001 - 2012 - Detection probability of an in-stream passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag detection system for juvenile salmonids in the Klamath River, northern California, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:12:01","indexId":"ofr20121001","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-06T14:14:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1001","title":"Detection probability of an in-stream passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag detection system for juvenile salmonids in the Klamath River, northern California, 2011","docAbstract":"A series of in-stream passive integrated transponder (PIT) detection antennas installed across the Klamath River in August 2010 were tested using tagged fish in the summer of 2011. Six pass-by antennas were constructed and anchored to the bottom of the Klamath River at a site between the Shasta and Scott Rivers. Two of the six antennas malfunctioned during the spring of 2011 and two pass-through antennas were installed near the opposite shoreline prior to system testing. The detection probability of the PIT tag detection system was evaluated using yearling coho salmon implanted with a PIT tag and a radio transmitter and then released into the Klamath River slightly downstream of Iron Gate Dam. Cormack-Jolly-Seber capture-recapture methods were used to estimate the detection probability of the PIT tag detection system based on detections of PIT tags there and detections of radio transmitters at radio-telemetry detection systems downstream. One of the 43 PIT- and radio-tagged fish released was detected by the PIT tag detection system and 23 were detected by the radio-telemetry detection systems. The estimated detection probability of the PIT tag detection system was 0.043 (standard error 0.042). Eight PIT-tagged fish from other studies also were detected. Detections at the PIT tag detection system were at the two pass-through antennas and the pass-by antenna adjacent to them. Above average river discharge likely was a factor in the low detection probability of the PIT tag detection system. High discharges dislodged two power cables leaving 12 meters of the river width unsampled for PIT detections and resulted in water depths greater than the read distance of the antennas, which allowed fish to pass over much of the system with little chance of being detected. Improvements in detection probability may be expected under river discharge conditions where water depth over the antennas is within maximum read distance of the antennas. Improvements also may be expected if additional arrays of antennas are used.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hayes, B., and Wright, K., 2012, Detection probability of an in-stream passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag detection system for juvenile salmonids in the Klamath River, northern California, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1001, iv, 12 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121001.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.; Appendices","temporalStart":"2011-03-09","temporalEnd":"2011-08-10","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1001.jpg"},{"id":112433,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1001/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Klamath River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.25,41.5 ], [ -123.25,42.083333333333336 ], [ -122.16666666666667,42.083333333333336 ], [ -122.16666666666667,41.5 ], [ -123.25,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff7ce4b0c8380cd4f204","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Brian bshayes@usgs.gov","contributorId":3783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Brian","email":"bshayes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, Katrina","contributorId":42468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Katrina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70007071,"text":"ofr20111311 - 2012 - Simulated effects of dam removal on water temperatures along the Klamath River, Oregon and California, using 2010 Biological Opinion flow requirements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-25T13:08:08","indexId":"ofr20111311","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1311","title":"Simulated effects of dam removal on water temperatures along the Klamath River, Oregon and California, using 2010 Biological Opinion flow requirements","docAbstract":"<p>Computer model simulations were run to determine the effects of dam removal on water temperatures along the Klamath River, located in south-central Oregon and northern California, using flow requirements defined in the 2010 Biological Opinion of the National Marine Fisheries Service. A one-dimensional, daily averaged water temperature model (River Basin Model-10) developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 10, Seattle, Washington, was used in the analysis. This model had earlier been configured and calibrated for the Klamath River by the U.S. Geological Survey for the U.S. Department of the Interior, Klamath Secretarial Determination to simulate the effects of dam removal on water temperatures for current (2011) and future climate change scenarios. The analysis for this report was performed outside of the scope of the Klamath Secretarial Determination process at the request of the Bureau of Reclamation Technical Services Office, Denver, Colorado.</p><p><!-- New Paragraph in Abstract Text --></p><p>For this analysis, two dam scenarios were simulated: “dams in” and “dams out.” In the “dams in” scenario, existing dams in the Klamath River were kept in place. In the “dams out” scenario, the river was modeled as a natural stream, without the J.C. Boyle, Copco1, Copco2, and Iron Gate Dams, for the entire simulation period. Output from the two dam scenario simulations included daily water temperatures simulated at 29 locations for a 50-year period along the Klamath River between river mile 253 (downstream of Link River Dam) and the Pacific Ocean. Both simulations used identical flow requirements, formulated in the 2010 Biological Opinion, and identical climate conditions based on the period 1961–2009.</p><p><!-- These next two paragraphs are used as an example to show how super/sub texts show on the webpage --></p><p>Simulated water temperatures from January through June at almost all locations between J.C. Boyle Reservoir and the Pacific Ocean were higher for the “dams out” scenario than for the “dams in” scenario. The simulated mean monthly water temperature increase was highest [1.7–2.2 degrees Celsius (°C)] in May downstream of Iron Gate Dam. However, from August to December, dam removal generally cooled water temperatures. During these months, water temperatures decreased 1°C or more between Copco Lake and locations 50 miles or more downstream. The greatest mean monthly temperature decrease was 4°C in October just downstream of Iron Gate Dam. Near the ocean, the effects of dam removal were small (less than 0.2°C) for most months. However, the mean November temperature near the ocean was almost 0.5°C cooler with dam removal.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111311","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Risley, J.C., Brewer, S.J., and Perry, R.W., 2012, Simulated effects of dam removal on water temperatures along the Klamath River, Oregon and California, using 2010 Biological Opinion flow requirements: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1311, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111311.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1311.jpg"},{"id":112423,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1311/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Oregon;California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125,40 ], [ -125,43 ], [ -120,43 ], [ -120,40 ], [ -125,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f91e4b08c986b318fdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risley, John C. 0000-0002-8206-5443 jrisley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-5443","contributorId":2698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risley","given":"John","email":"jrisley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brewer, Scott J. sbrewer@usgs.gov","contributorId":4407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Scott","email":"sbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":355778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perry, Russell W. 0000-0003-4110-8619 rperry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-8619","contributorId":2820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Russell","email":"rperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042048,"text":"ofr20121218 - 2012 - Preliminary physical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geophysical data of the USGS South Dover Bridge Core, Talbot County, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-14T13:03:01","indexId":"ofr20121218","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1218","title":"Preliminary physical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geophysical data of the USGS South Dover Bridge Core, Talbot County, Maryland","docAbstract":"The South Dover Bridge (SDB) corehole was drilled in October 2007 in Talbot County, Maryland. The main purpose for drilling this corehole was to characterize the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the aquifers and confining units of this region. The data obtained from this core also will be used as a guide to geologic mapping and to help interpret well data from the eastern part of the Washington East 1:100,000-scale map near the town of Easton, Md. Core drilling was conducted to a depth of 700 feet (ft). The Cretaceous section was not penetrated due to technical problems during drilling. This project was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center (EGPSC) as part of the Geology of the Atlantic Watersheds Project; this project was carried out in cooperation with the Maryland Geological Survey (MGS) through partnerships with the Aquifer Characterization Program of the USGS’s Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center and the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program.\n\nThe SDB corehole was drilled by the USGS drilling crew in the northeastern corner of the Trappe 7.5-minute quadrangle, near the type locality of the Boston Cliffs member of the Choptank Formation. Geophysical logs (gamma ray, single point resistance, and 16-inch and 64-inch normal resistivity) were run to a depth of 527.5 ft; the total depth of 700.0 ft could not be reached because of the collapse of the lower part of the hole. Of the 700.0 ft drilled, 531.8 ft of core were recovered, representing a 76 percent core recovery. The elevation of the top of the corehole is approximately 12 ft above mean sea level; its coordinates are lat 38°44′49.34″N. and long 76°00′25.09″W. (38.74704N., 76.00697W. in decimal degrees).\n\nA groundwater monitoring well was not installed at this site. The South Dover Bridge corehole was the first corehole that will be used to better understand the geology and hydrology of the Maryland Eastern Shore.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121218","usgsCitation":"Aleman Gonzalez, W.B., Powars, D.S., Seefelt, E., Edwards, L.E., Self-Trail, J.M., Durand, C.T., Schultz, A.P., and McLaughlin, P., 2012, Preliminary physical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geophysical data of the USGS South Dover Bridge Core, Talbot County, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1218, Report: vi, 16 p.; Download Report, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121218.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 16 p.; Download Report","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":240,"text":"Eastern Earth Surface Processes Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":264687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2012_1218.jpg"},{"id":264685,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1218/ofr2012-1218_MainBody.pdf"},{"id":264686,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1218/ofr2012-1218.zip"},{"id":264684,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1218/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Talbot County","otherGeospatial":"South Dover Bridge Corehole","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.45,38.58 ], [ -76.45,38.94 ], [ -75.89,38.94 ], [ -75.89,38.58 ], [ -76.45,38.58 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50d49676e4b0c6073c901f55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleman Gonzalez, Wilma B.","contributorId":98123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleman Gonzalez","given":"Wilma","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seefelt, Ellen 0000-0001-6822-7402 eseefelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6822-7402","contributorId":2953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seefelt","given":"Ellen","email":"eseefelt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Self-Trail, Jean M. jstrail@usgs.gov","contributorId":2205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":470673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Durand, Colleen T.","contributorId":80495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durand","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schultz, Arthur P. aschultz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Arthur","email":"aschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":470676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McLaughlin, Peter P.","contributorId":40023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Peter P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":58155,"text":"ofr20041344 - 2012 - Version 3.0 of EMINERS - Economic Mineral Resource Simulator","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":50697,"text":"ofr02380 - 2002 - EMINERS -- An Economic Mineral Resource Simulator","indexId":"ofr02380","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"title":"EMINERS -- An Economic Mineral Resource Simulator"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":58155,"text":"ofr20041344 - 2012 - Version 3.0 of EMINERS - Economic Mineral Resource Simulator","indexId":"ofr20041344","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Version 3.0 of EMINERS - Economic Mineral Resource Simulator"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-03T17:03:08","indexId":"ofr20041344","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-01T02:00:00","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1344","title":"Version 3.0 of EMINERS - Economic Mineral Resource Simulator","docAbstract":"Quantitative mineral resource assessment, as developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), consists of three parts: (1) development of grade and tonnage mineral deposit models; (2) delineation of tracts permissive for each deposit type; and (3) probabilistic estimation of the numbers of undiscovered deposits for each deposit type. The estimate of the number of undiscovered deposits at different levels of probability is the input to the EMINERS (Economic Mineral Resource Simulator) program. EMINERS uses a Monte Carlo statistical process to combine probabilistic estimates of undiscovered mineral deposits with models of mineral deposit grade and tonnage to estimate mineral resources. Version 3.0 of the EMINERS program is available as this USGS Open-File Report 2004-1344. Changes from version 2.0 include updating 87 grade and tonnage models, designing new templates to produce graphs showing cumulative distribution and summary tables, and disabling economic filters. The economic filters were disabled because embedded data for costs of labor and materials, mining techniques, and beneficiation methods are out of date. However, the cost algorithms used in the disabled economic filters are still in the program and available for reference for mining methods and milling techniques. The release notes included with this report give more details on changes in EMINERS over the years. EMINERS is written in C++ and depends upon the Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 programming environment. The code depends heavily on the use of Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC) for implementation of the Windows interface. The program works only on Microsoft Windows XP or newer personal computers. It does not work on Macintosh computers. For help in using the program in this report, see the \"Quick-Start Guide for Version 3.0 of EMINERS-Economic Mineral Resource Simulator\" (W.J. Bawiec and G.T. Spanski, 2012, USGS Open-File Report 2009-1057, linked at right). It demonstrates how to execute EMINERS software using default settings and existing deposit models.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Gelogical Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041344","collaboration":"Version 3.0 is an update to USGS Open-File Report 2004-1344, which originally was version 2.0 of EMINERS by J.S. Duval","usgsCitation":"Duval, J.S., 2012, Version 3.0 of EMINERS - Economic Mineral Resource Simulator (Version 3.0 of EMINERS updates version 2.0; Version 2.0 supersedes Open-File Report 2002-0380): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1344, Readme: 4 p.; EMINERS Verison 3.0 Zip;  Release Notes: 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041344.","productDescription":"Readme: 4 p.; EMINERS Verison 3.0 Zip;  Release Notes: 4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":185448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2004_1344.jpg"},{"id":5769,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1344/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 3.0 of EMINERS updates version 2.0; Version 2.0 supersedes Open-File Report 2002-0380","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697c48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duval, Joseph S.","contributorId":22314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duval","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70005585,"text":"ofr20111258 - 2011 - Notes on interpretation of geophysical data over areas of mineralization in Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-15T09:44:52","indexId":"ofr20111258","displayToPublicDate":"2020-01-15T10:50:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1258","displayTitle":"Notes on Interpretation of Geophysical Data Over Areas of Mineralization in Afghanistan","title":"Notes on interpretation of geophysical data over areas of mineralization in Afghanistan","docAbstract":"<p>Afghanistan has the potential to contain substantial metallic mineral resources. Although valuable mineral deposits have been identified, much of the country’s potential remains unknown. Geophysical surveys, particularly those conducted from airborne platforms, are a well-accepted and cost-effective method for obtaining information on the geological setting of a given area. This report summarizes interpretive findings from various geophysical surveys over selected mineral targets in Afghanistan, highlighting what existing data tell us. These interpretations are mainly qualitative in nature, because of the low resolution of available geophysical data.</p><p>Geophysical data and simple interpretations are included for these six areas and deposit types: (1) Aynak: Sedimentary-hosted copper; (2) Zarkashan: Porphyry copper; (3) Kundalan: Porphyry copper; (4) Dusar Shaida: Volcanic-hosted massive sulphide; (5) Khanneshin: Carbonatite-hosted rare earth element; and (6) Chagai Hills: Porphyry copper.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111258","usgsCitation":"Drenth, B.J., 2011, Notes on interpretation of geophysical data over areas of mineralization in Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011–1258, 13 p.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371064,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1258/ofr20111258.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2011-1258"},{"id":371063,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1258/coverthb4.jpg"}],"country":"Afghanistan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60,29 ], [ 60,38 ], [ 75,38 ], [ 75,29 ], [ 60,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/gggsc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/gggsc\">Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center</a><br>Box 25046, Mail Stop 964<br>Denver, CO 80225</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Aynak</li><li>Zarkashan</li><li>Kundalan</li><li>Dusar-Shaida</li><li>Khanneshin</li><li>Chagai Hills</li><li>Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2011-09-29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696b70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70005438,"text":"ofr20111229 - 2011 - Identification of mineral resources in Afghanistan—Detecting and mapping resource anomalies in prioritized areas using geophysical and remote sensing (ASTER and HyMap) data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-23T07:07:08","indexId":"ofr20111229","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-20T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1229","displayTitle":"Identification of Mineral Resources in Afghanistan—Detecting and Mapping Resource Anomalies in Prioritized Areas Using Geophysical and Remote Sensing (ASTER and HyMap) Data","title":"Identification of mineral resources in Afghanistan—Detecting and mapping resource anomalies in prioritized areas using geophysical and remote sensing (ASTER and HyMap) data","docAbstract":"<p>As part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations (TFBSO) natural resources revitalization activities in Afghanistan (Peters and others, 2011), three new datasets have been collected, compiled, and analyzed. These data have been used to more fully evaluate the areas of interest (AOIs; fig. 1 ) where, on the basis of previous U.S.S.R. and Afghanistan studies, the opportunity for early economic development of a number of different mineral, commodity, and deposit types had been identified (Peters and others, 2007; Peters and others, 2011). The new data compilations include (1) regional magnetic and gravity data for use in the characterization of subsurface composition and structure (Sweeney and others, 2006a,b; Ashan and others, 2007; Sweeney and others, 2007; Ashan and others, 2008; Shenwary and others, 2011), (2) Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data to identify and evaluate surficial alteration patterns related to industrial minerals and other selected targets, and (3) HyMap imaging spectrometer data for characterization and mapping of surficial mineralogy (Cocks and others, 1998; Kokaly and others, 2008; Peters and others, 2011). These datasets have served as fundamental building blocks for the resource evaluation by Peters and others (2011).</p><p>During the independent analysis of the geophysical, ASTER, and imaging spectrometer (HyMap) data by USGS scientists, previously unrecognized targets of potential mineralization were identified using evaluation criteria most suitable to the individual dataset. These anomalous zones offer targets of opportunity that warrant additional field verification. This report describes the standards used to define the anomalies, summarizes the results of the evaluations for each type of data, and discusses the importance and implications of regions of anomaly overlap between two or three of the datasets.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111229","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations and the Afghanistan Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"King, T.V.V., Johnson, M.R., Hubbard, B.E., and Drenth, B.J., eds., 2011, Identification of mineral resources in Afghanistan—Detecting and mapping resource anomalies in prioritized areas using geophysical and remote sensing (ASTER and HyMap) data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011–1229, 327 p.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 327 p.; Dataset; 4 Figures","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":537,"text":"Projects in Afghanistan","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1229/coverthb.png"},{"id":370552,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1229/ofr20111229.pdf","text":"Report","size":"193 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2019-1229"},{"id":370553,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1229/report/figures/GEO.zip","text":"Geophysical figures","size":"19.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":370554,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1229/report/figures/AST.zip","text":"ASTER figures","size":"95.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":370555,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1229/report/figures/HSD.zip","text":"HyMap hyperspectral figures","size":"251 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":370556,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1229/report/figures/Map.zip","text":"Maps","size":"4.65 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":370557,"rank":7,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1229/ofr20111229_dataset.zip","size":"200 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"country":"Afghanistan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60,29.5 ], [ 60,38.5 ], [ 73.5,38.5 ], [ 73.5,29.5 ], [ 60,29.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p>Visit the <a href=\"https://afghanistan.cr.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://afghanistan.cr.usgs.gov/\">USGS Projects in Afghanistan website</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Chapter 1: Detecting and Mapping Resource Anomalies—Introduction and Background</li><li>1.1 Introduction</li><li>1.2 Anomaly Identification and Compilation</li><li>1.3 Datasets Used for Evaluation</li><li>1.4 Data Application</li><li>1.5 References Cited</li><li>Chapter 2: Description of Structure and Content of Spatial Dataset of Identified Anomalies in Afghanistan</li><li>2.1 Anomaly Geodatabase Overview</li><li>2.2 References Cited</li><li>Chapter 3: Identification of Gravity, Magnetic, and Radiometric Geophysical Anomalies in Afghanistan</li><li>3.1 Geophysical Anomalies</li><li>3.2 Presentation of Geophysical Anomalies</li><li>3.3 References Cited</li><li>Chapter 4: Identification of Mineral Anomalies in Afghanistan Using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer</li><li>4.1 Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Overview</li><li>4.2 Presentation of ASTER Anomalies</li><li>4.3 References Cited</li><li>Chapter 5: Mapping Anomalous Mineral Zones Using HyMap Imaging Spectrometer—Data for Selected Areas of Interest in Afghanistan</li><li>5.1 Imaging Spectrometer Overview</li><li>5.2 Imaging Spectrometer Data</li><li>5.3 HyMap Identification of Anomalies</li><li>5.4 Presentation of HyMap Anomalies</li><li>5.5 References Cited</li><li>Chapter 6: Discussion of Anomaly Overlap Areas and Potential for Economic Development</li><li>6.1 Anomaly Overlap—Conclusions and Discussion</li><li>6.2 Potential for Economic Development from Mineral Resources</li><li>6.3 References Cited</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2011-09-16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c7a8","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"King, Trude V. V.","contributorId":6712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Trude","email":"","middleInitial":"V. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725849,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Michaela R. 0000-0001-6133-0247 mrjohns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-0247","contributorId":1013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michaela R.","email":"mrjohns@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725850,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725851,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725852,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70038193,"text":"ofr20111225 - 2011 - Geologic map of Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys and surrounding areas, northwest Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:34","indexId":"ofr20111225","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-25T16:47:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1225","title":"Geologic map of Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys and surrounding areas, northwest Arizona","docAbstract":"A 1:250,000-scale geologic map and report covering the Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento valleys in northwest Arizona is presented for the purpose of improving understanding of the geology and geohydrology of the basins beneath those valleys. The map was compiled from existing geologic mapping, augmented by digital photogeologic reconnaissance mapping. The most recent geologic map for the area, and the only digital one, is the 1:1,000,000-scale Geologic Map of Arizona. The larger scale map presented here includes significantly more detailed geology than the Geologic Map of Arizona in terms of accuracy of geologic unit contacts, number of faults, fault type, fault location, and details of Neogene and Quaternary deposits. Many sources were used to compile the geology; the accompanying geodatabase includes a source field in the polygon feature class that lists source references for polygon features. The citations for the source field are included in the reference section.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111225","usgsCitation":"Beard, L.S., Kennedy, J., Truini, M., and Felger, T., 2011, Geologic map of Detrital, Hualapai, and Sacramento Valleys and surrounding areas, northwest Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1225, ii, 35 p.; Figures; Table; Map: 34.00 x 44.01 inches; GIS Data Downloads, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111225.","productDescription":"ii, 35 p.; Figures; Table; Map: 34.00 x 44.01 inches; GIS Data Downloads","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":670,"text":"Western Region Geology and Geophysics Field Science Center-Flagstaff","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1225.gif"},{"id":254594,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1225/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","projection":"UTM Zone 12","datum":"NAD83","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Detrital Valley;Hualapai Valley;Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.75,34.333333333333336 ], [ -114.75,36.166666666666664 ], [ -113.66666666666667,36.166666666666664 ], [ -113.66666666666667,34.333333333333336 ], [ -114.75,34.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1a29e4b0c8380cd55b89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beard, L. Sue","contributorId":87607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey 0000-0002-3365-6589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":101124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Truini, Margot mtruini@usgs.gov","contributorId":599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truini","given":"Margot","email":"mtruini@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":463631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Felger, Tracey","contributorId":34758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felger","given":"Tracey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":463632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037961,"text":"ofr20111184 - 2011 - High-resolution geophysical data from the sea floor surrounding the Western Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:35","indexId":"ofr20111184","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1184","title":"High-resolution geophysical data from the sea floor surrounding the Western Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"Geophysical and geospatial data were collected in the nearshore area surrounding the western Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts on the U.S. Geological Survey research vessel Rafael during September 2010 in a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Massachusetts, Office of Coastal Zone Management. This report describes the results of the short-term goals of this collaborative effort, which were to map the geology of the inner shelf zone of the western Elizabeth Islands and study the geologic processes that have contributed to its evolution. Data collected during the survey include: Bathymetric and sidescan-sonar data, chirp seismic-reflection data , sound velocity profiles, and navigation data. The long-term goals of this project are to provide high-resolution geophysical data that will support research on the influence of sea-level change and sediment supply on coastal evolution and inventory subtidal marine habitat type and distribution within the coastal zone of Massachusetts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111184","usgsCitation":"Pendleton, E., Twichell, D.C., Foster, D.S., Worley, C.R., Irwin, B.J., and Danforth, W.W., 2011, High-resolution geophysical data from the sea floor surrounding the Western Elizabeth Islands, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1184, HTML Document; DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111184.","productDescription":"HTML Document; DVD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science 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,{"id":70037862,"text":"ofr20111156 - 2011 - Carolinas Coastal Change Processes Project data report for observations near Diamond Shoals, North Carolina, January-May 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-14T01:01:39","indexId":"ofr20111156","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-21T09:55:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1156","title":"Carolinas Coastal Change Processes Project data report for observations near Diamond Shoals, North Carolina, January-May 2009","docAbstract":"This Open-File Report provides information collected for an oceanographic field study that occurred during January - May 2009 to investigate processes that control the sediment transport dynamics at Diamond Shoals, North Carolina. The objective of this report is to make the data available in digital form and to provide information to facilitate further analysis of the data. The report describes the background, experimental setup, equipment, and locations of the sensor deployments. The edited data are presented in time-series plots for rapid visualization of the data set, and in data files that are in the Network Common Data Format (netcdf). Supporting observational data are also included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111156","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, B., Warner, J., Voulgaris, G., List, J., Thieler, E.R., Martini, M.A., and Montgomery, E., 2011, Carolinas Coastal Change Processes Project data report for observations near Diamond Shoals, North Carolina, January-May 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1156, HTML Document; Metlab M-files Downloads; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111156.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Metlab M-files Downloads; Metadata","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1156.jpg"},{"id":246791,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1156/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Diamond Shoals","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.63333333333334,35.06666666666667 ], [ -75.63333333333334,35.3 ], [ -75.26666666666667,35.3 ], [ -75.26666666666667,35.06666666666667 ], [ -75.63333333333334,35.06666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f37fe4b0c8380cd4b848","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, Brandy N.","contributorId":98981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Brandy N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warner, John C. 0000-0002-3734-8903 jcwarner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-8903","contributorId":2681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"John C.","email":"jcwarner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voulgaris, George","contributorId":26377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voulgaris","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27143,"text":"University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":462908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"List, Jeffrey H. jlist@usgs.gov","contributorId":2416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"Jeffrey H.","email":"jlist@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thieler, E. Robert 0000-0003-4311-9717 rthieler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":2488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.","email":"rthieler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martini, Marinna A. 0000-0002-7757-5158 mmartini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7757-5158","contributorId":2456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"Marinna","email":"mmartini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Montgomery, Ellyn T.","contributorId":78038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Ellyn T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70009687,"text":"ofr20111168 - 2011 - Physical and chemical characteristics including total and geochemical forms of phosphorus in sediment from the top 30 centimeters of cores collected in October 2006 at 26 sites in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"ofr20111168","displayToPublicDate":"2012-03-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1168","title":"Physical and chemical characteristics including total and geochemical forms of phosphorus in sediment from the top 30 centimeters of cores collected in October 2006 at 26 sites in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"&mu;This study of phosphorus (P) cycling in eutrophic Upper Klamath Lake (UKL), Oregon, was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Lakebed sediments from the upper 30 centimeters (cm) of cores collected from 26 sites were characterized. Cores were sampled at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm. Prior to freezing, water content and sediment pH were determined. After being freeze-dried, all samples were separated into greater than 63-micron (&mu;m) particle-size (coarse) and less than 63-&mu;m particle-size (fine) fractions. In the surface samples (0.5 to 4.5 cm below the sediment water interface), approximately three-fourths of the particles were larger than 63-&mu;m. The ratios of the coarse particle-size fraction (>63 &mu;m) and the fine particle-size fraction (<63 &mu;m) were approximately equal in samples at depths greater than 10 cm below the sediment water interface. Chemical analyses included both size fractions of freeze-dried samples. Chemical analyses included determination of total concentrations of aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), carbon (C), iron (Fe), poorly crystalline Fe, nitrogen (N), P, and titanium (Ti). Total Fe concentrations were the largest in sediment from the northern portion of UKL, Howard Bay, and the southern portion of the lake. Concentrations of total Al, Ca, and Ti were largest in sediment from the northern, central, and southernmost portions of the lake and in sediment from Howard Bay. Concentrations of total C and N were largest in sediment from the embayments and in sediment from the northern arm and southern portion of the lake in the general region of Buck Island. Concentrations of total C were larger in the greater than 63-&mu;m particle-size fraction than in the less than 63-&mu;m particle-size fraction. Sediments were sequentially extracted to determine concentrations of inorganic forms of P, including loosely sorbed P, P associated with poorly crystalline Fe oxides, and P associated with mineral phases. The difference between the concentration of total P and sum of the concentrations of inorganic forms of P is referred to as residual P. Residual P was the largest fraction of P in all of the sediment samples. In UKL, the correlation between concentrations of total P and total Fe in sediment is poor (R2<0.1). The correlation between the concentrations of total P and P associated with poorly crystalline Fe oxides is good (R2=0.43) in surface sediment (0.5-4.5 cm below the sediment water interface) but poor (R2<0.1) in sediments at depths between 10 cm and 30 cm. Phosphorus associated with poorly crystalline Fe oxides is considered bioavailable because it is released when sediment conditions change from oxidizing to reducing, which causes dissolution of Fe oxides.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Simon, N.S., and Ingle, S.N., 2011, Physical and chemical characteristics including total and geochemical forms of phosphorus in sediment from the top 30 centimeters of cores collected in October 2006 at 26 sites in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1168, v, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111168.","productDescription":"v, 49 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":410,"text":"National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204870,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1168/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204871,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1168.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.5,42 ], [ -124.5,46.25 ], [ -116.75,46.25 ], [ -116.75,42 ], [ -124.5,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7a6fe4b0c8380cd78ee7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, Nancy S. 0000-0003-2706-7611 nssimon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2706-7611","contributorId":838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"Nancy","email":"nssimon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":356859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingle, Sarah N.","contributorId":87684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingle","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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