Understanding the habitat requirements of salmonids in streams is an important component of fisheries management. We examined the summer and autumn habitat use of yearling Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in relation to available habitat in two streams in the Lake Ontario watershed. Little interstream variation in trout habitat use was observed; the variation that did occur was largely due to differences between streams in available habitat in the autumn. In both streams, yearling Rainbow Trout utilized pool habitat and during periods of high stream discharge were associated with larger substrate that may provide a velocity barrier. These findings may assist resource managers in their efforts to protect and restore habitat for migratory Rainbow Trout in the Lake Ontario watershed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers","doi":"10.2174/1874401X01609010045","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., McKenna, J., and Chalupnicki, M., 2016, Summer-autumn habitat use of yearling rainbow trout in two streams in the Lake Ontario watershed: Open Fish Science Journal, v. 9, p. 45-50, https://doi.org/10.2174/1874401X01609010045.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"50","ipdsId":"IP-075868","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874401x01609010045","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Grout Brook, Orwell Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.29592895507812,\n 42.71296638907414\n ],\n [\n -76.29592895507812,\n 42.80295793799244\n ],\n [\n -76.23310089111328,\n 42.80295793799244\n ],\n [\n -76.23310089111328,\n 42.71296638907414\n ],\n [\n -76.29592895507812,\n 42.71296638907414\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.02573394775389,\n 43.5107129908437\n ],\n [\n -76.02573394775389,\n 43.611471040985286\n ],\n [\n -75.970458984375,\n 43.611471040985286\n ],\n [\n -75.970458984375,\n 43.5107129908437\n ],\n [\n -76.02573394775389,\n 43.5107129908437\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a40e4b0571647cf8e11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chalupnicki, Marc 0000-0002-3792-9345 mchalupnicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3792-9345","contributorId":173643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalupnicki","given":"Marc","email":"mchalupnicki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70176162,"text":"70176162 - 2016 - Temperature is better than precipitation as a predictor of plant community assembly across a dryland region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-16T16:21:53","indexId":"70176162","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature is better than precipitation as a predictor of plant community assembly across a dryland region","docAbstract":"How closely do plant communities track climate? Research suggests that plant species converge toward similar environmental tolerances relative to the environments that they experience. Whether these patterns apply to severe environments or scale up to plant community-level patterns of relative climatic tolerances is poorly understood. Using estimates of species' climatic tolerances acquired from occurrence records, we determined the contributions of individual species' climatic niche breadths and environmental filtering to the relationships between community-average climatic tolerances and the local climates experienced by those communities.
Southwestern United States drylands.
Interspecific variation in niche breadth was assessed as a function of species' climatic optima (median climatic niche value). The relationships between climatic optima and tolerances were used as null expectations for the relationship between abundance-weighted mean climatic tolerances of communities and the local climate of that community. Deviations from this null expectation indicate that species with greater or lesser climatic tolerances are favoured relative to co-occurring species. The intensity of environmental filtering was estimated by comparing the range of climatic tolerances within each community to a null distribution generated from a random assembly algorithm.
The temperature niches of species were consistently symmetrical and of similar breadths, regardless of their temperature optima. In contrast, precipitation niches were skewed toward wetter conditions, and niche breadth increased with increasing precipitation optima. At the community level, relationships with climate were much stronger for temperature than for precipitation. Furthermore, cold and heat were stronger assembly filters than drought or precipitation, with the intensity of environmental filtering increasing at both ends of climatic gradients. Community-average climatic tolerances did deviate significantly from null expectations, indicating that species with higher or lower relative climatic tolerances were favoured under certain conditions.
Despite strong water limitation of plant performance in dryland ecosystems, communities tracked variation in temperature much more closely, intimating strong responses to anticipated temperature increases. Furthermore, abundance distributions were biased toward species with higher or lower relative climatic tolerances under different climatic conditions, but predictably so, indicating the need for assembly models that include processes other than simple environmental filtering.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Vegetation Science","publisherLocation":"Uppsala, Sweden","doi":"10.1111/jvs.12440","usgsCitation":"Butterfield, B.J., and Munson, S.M., 2016, Temperature is better than precipitation as a predictor of plant community assembly across a dryland region: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 27, no. 5, p. 938-947, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12440.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"938","endPage":"947","ipdsId":"IP-060796","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"27","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7f1afe4b0f2f0cebf11b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butterfield, Bradley J. 0000-0003-0974-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0974-9811","contributorId":167009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24591,"text":"Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176185,"text":"70176185 - 2016 - Approaches to stream solute load estimation for solutes with varying dynamics from five diverse small watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T14:46:03","indexId":"70176185","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Approaches to stream solute load estimation for solutes with varying dynamics from five diverse small watershed","docAbstract":"Estimating streamwater solute loads is a central objective of many water-quality monitoring and research studies, as loads are used to compare with atmospheric inputs, to infer biogeochemical processes, and to assess whether water quality is improving or degrading. In this study, we evaluate loads and associated errors to determine the best load estimation technique among three methods (a period-weighted approach, the regression-model method, and the composite method) based on a solute's concentration dynamics and sampling frequency. We evaluated a broad range of varying concentration dynamics with stream flow and season using four dissolved solutes (sulfate, silica, nitrate, and dissolved organic carbon) at five diverse small watersheds (Sleepers River Research Watershed, VT; Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH; Biscuit Brook Watershed, NY; Panola Mountain Research Watershed, GA; and Río Mameyes Watershed, PR) with fairly high-frequency sampling during a 10- to 11-yr period. Data sets with three different sampling frequencies were derived from the full data set at each site (weekly plus storm/snowmelt events, weekly, and monthly) and errors in loads were assessed for the study period, annually, and monthly. For solutes that had a moderate to strong concentration–discharge relation, the composite method performed best, unless the autocorrelation of the model residuals was <0.2, in which case the regression-model method was most appropriate. For solutes that had a nonexistent or weak concentration–discharge relation (modelR2 < about 0.3), the period-weighted approach was most appropriate. The lowest errors in loads were achieved for solutes with the strongest concentration–discharge relations. Sample and regression model diagnostics could be used to approximate overall accuracies and annual precisions. For the period-weighed approach, errors were lower when the variance in concentrations was lower, the degree of autocorrelation in the concentrations was higher, and sampling frequency was higher. The period-weighted approach was most sensitive to sampling frequency. For the regression-model and composite methods, errors were lower when the variance in model residuals was lower. For the composite method, errors were lower when the autocorrelation in the residuals was higher. Guidelines to determine the best load estimation method based on solute concentration–discharge dynamics and diagnostics are presented, and should be applicable to other studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1298","usgsCitation":"Aulenbach, B.T., Burns, D.A., Shanley, J.B., Yanai, R.D., Bae, K., Wild, A., Yang, Y., and Yi, D., 2016, Approaches to stream solute load estimation for solutes with varying dynamics from five diverse small watershed: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 6, e01298; 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1298.","productDescription":"e01298; 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-065579","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1298","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7f1a3e4b0f2f0cebf119f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aulenbach, Brent T. 0000-0003-2863-1288 btaulenb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2863-1288","contributorId":3057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aulenbach","given":"Brent","email":"btaulenb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869 daburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":1237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"daburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yanai, Ruth D.","contributorId":59720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanai","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bae, Kikang","contributorId":174183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bae","given":"Kikang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27381,"text":"State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wild, Adam","contributorId":174184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wild","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27381,"text":"State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yang, Yang","contributorId":174185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Yang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27381,"text":"State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yi, Dong","contributorId":174186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yi","given":"Dong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27381,"text":"State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70176817,"text":"70176817 - 2016 - Spatial distribution of thermokarst terrain in Arctic Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-12T14:10:01","indexId":"70176817","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial distribution of thermokarst terrain in Arctic Alaska","docAbstract":"In landscapes underlain by ice-rich permafrost, the development of thermokarst landforms can have drastic impacts on ecosystem processes and human infrastructure. Here we describe the distribution of thermokarst landforms in the continuous permafrost zone of Arctic Alaska, analyze linkages to the underlying surficial geology, and discuss the vulnerability of different types of landscapes to future thaw. We identified nine major thermokarst landforms and then mapped their distributions in twelve representative study areas totaling 300-km2. These study areas differ in their geologic history, permafrost-ice content, and ground thermal regime. Results show that 63% of the entire study area is occupied by thermokarst landforms and that the distribution of thermokarst landforms and overall landscape complexity varies markedly with surficial geology. Areas underlain by ice-rich marine silt are the most affected by thermokarst (97% of total area), whereas areas underlain by glacial drift are least affected (14%). Drained thermokarst-lake basins are the most widespread thermokarst landforms, covering 33% of the entire study region, with greater prevalence in areas of marine silt (48% coverage), marine sand (47%), and aeolian silt (34%). Thermokarst-lakes are the second most common thermokarst landform, covering 16% of the study region, with highest coverage in areas underlain by marine silt (39% coverage). Thermokarst troughs and pits cover 7% of the study region and are the third most prevalent thermokarst landform. They are most common in areas underlain by deltaic sands and gravels (18% coverage) and marine sand (12%). Alas valleys are widespread in areas of aeolian silt (14%) located in gradually sloping uplands. Areas of marine silt have been particularly vulnerable to thaw in the past because they are ice-rich and have low-gradient topography facilitating the repeated development of thermokarst-lakes. In the future, ice-rich aeolian, upland terrain (yedoma) will be particularly susceptible to thaw because it still contains massive concentrations of ground ice in the form of syngenetic ice-wedges that have remained largely intact since the Pleistocene.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.08.007","usgsCitation":"Farquharson, L.M., Mann, D.H., Grosse, G., Jones, B.M., and Romanovsky, V., 2016, Spatial distribution of thermokarst terrain in Arctic Alaska: Geomorphology, v. 273, p. 116-133, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.08.007.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"133","ipdsId":"IP-074641","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470633,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/41744/","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":329491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160,\n 68.5\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 71.5\n ],\n [\n -149,\n 71.5\n ],\n [\n -149,\n 68.5\n ],\n [\n -160,\n 68.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"273","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ff4bf7e4b0824b2d159765","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.08.007","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.08.007","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Farquharson L.M., Mann D.H., Grosse G., Jones B.M., Romanovsky V.E.","journalName":"Geomorphology","publicationDate":"11/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farquharson, Louise M.","contributorId":175206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farquharson","given":"Louise","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Daniel H.","contributorId":175207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mann","given":"Daniel","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":146182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12916,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Romanovsky, Vladimir","contributorId":175208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"Vladimir","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70175054,"text":"fs20163055 - 2016 - Streamflow of 2015—Water year national summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-12T09:41:28","indexId":"fs20163055","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-30T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3055","title":"Streamflow of 2015—Water year national summary","docAbstract":"The maps and graphs in this summary describe national streamflow conditions for water year 2015 (October 1, 2014, to September 30, 2015) in the context of the 86-year period 1930–2015, unless otherwise noted. The illustrations are based on observed data from the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) National Streamflow Information Program http://water.usgs.gov/nsip). The period 1930–2015 was used because prior to 1930, the number of streamgages was too small to provide representative data for computing statistics for most regions of the country.
In the summary, reference is made to the term “runoff,” which is the depth to which a river basin, State, or other geographic area would be covered with water if all the streamflow within the area during a specified time period was uniformly distributed upon it. Runoff quantifies the magnitude of water flowing through the Nation's rivers and streams in measurement units that can be compared from one area to another.
Each of the maps and graphs can be expanded to a larger view by clicking on the image. In all of the graphics, a rank of 1 indicates the highest flow of all years analyzed. Rankings of streamflow are grouped into much-below normal, below normal, normal, above normal, and much-above normal, based on percentiles of flow (greater than 90 percent, 76–90 percent, 25–75 percent, 10–24 percent, and less than 10 percent, respectively) (http://waterwatch.usgs.gov/?id=ww_current). Some data used to produce maps and graphs are provisional and subject to change.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163055","usgsCitation":"Jian, Xiaodong, Wolock, D.M., Lins, H.F., and Brady, S.J., 2016, Streamflow of 2015—Water year national summary: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3055, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163055.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-075689","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326773,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3055/fs20163055.pdf","text":"Report","size":"609 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3055"},{"id":326772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3055/coverthb1.jpg"}],"country":"United 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U.S. Geological Survey
415 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
http://water.usgs.gov/osw/
As an unbiased, multidisciplinary science organization, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is dedicated to the timely, relevant, and impartial study of the health of our ecosystems and environment, our natural resources, the impacts of climate and land-use change, and the natural hazards that affect our lives. Grant opportunities for researchers and faculty to participate in USGS science through the engagement of students are available in the selected programs described in this publication.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip165","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, Grant opportunities for academic research and training: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 165, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/gip165.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-077665","costCenters":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327908,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/gip166","text":"GIP 166 -","linkHelpText":"Student and Recent Graduate Opportunities"},{"id":327902,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0165/gip165.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.25 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIP 165"},{"id":327901,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0165/coverthb2.jpg"}],"contact":"U.S. Geological Survey
National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
http://www.usgs.gov
As an unbiased, multidisciplinary science organization, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is dedicated to the timely, relevant, and impartial study of the health of our ecosystems and environment, our natural resources, the impacts of climate and land-use change, and the natural hazards that affect our lives. Opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as recent graduates, to participate in USGS science are available in the selected programs described in this publication. Please note: U.S. citizenship is required for all government positions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip166","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, Student and recent graduate employment opportunities: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 166, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/gip166.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-077129","costCenters":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327907,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/gip165","text":"GIP 165 -","description":"GIP 166","linkHelpText":"Grant Opportunities for Academic Research and Training"},{"id":327906,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0166/gip166.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIP 166"},{"id":327905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0166/coverthb2.jpg"}],"contact":"U.S. Geological Survey
National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
http://www.usgs.gov
Climate change and anthropogenic nitrogen deposition are both important ecological threats. Evaluating their cumulative effects provides a more holistic view of ecosystem vulnerability to human activities, which would better inform policy decisions aimed to protect the sustainability of ecosystems. Our knowledge of the cumulative effects of these stressors is growing, but we lack an integrated understanding. In this Review, we describe how climate change alters key processes in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems related to nitrogen cycling and availability, and the response of ecosystems to nitrogen addition in terms of carbon cycling, acidification and biodiversity.
The prevalence and histopathology of neoplastic lesions were assessed in white suckerCatostomus commersonii captured at two Lake Michigan Areas of Concern (AOCs), the Sheboygan River and Milwaukee Estuary. Findings were compared to those observed at two non-AOC sites, the Root and Kewaunee rivers. At each site, approximately 200 adult suckers were collected during their spawning migration. Raised skin lesions were observed at all sites and included discrete white spots, mucoid plaques on the body surface and fins and large papillomatous lesions on lips and body. Microscopically, hyperplasia, papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma were documented. Liver neoplasms were also observed at all sites and included both hepatocellular and biliary tumours. Based on land use, the Kewaunee River was the site least impacted by human activities previously associated with fish tumours and had significantly fewer liver neoplasms when compared to the other sites. The proportion of white suckers with liver tumours followed the same patterns as the proportion of urban land use in the watershed: the Milwaukee Estuary had the highest prevalence, followed by the Root, Sheboygan and Kewaunee rivers. The overall skin neoplasm (papilloma and carcinoma) prevalence did not follow the same pattern, although the percentage of white suckers with squamous cell carcinoma exhibited a similar relationship to land use. Testicular tumours (seminoma) were observed at both AOC sites but not at the non-AOC sites. Both skin and liver tumours were significantly and positively associated with age but not sex.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfd.12520","usgsCitation":"Blazer, V., Walsh, H., Braham, R., Hahn, C.M., Mazik, P., and McIntyre, P., 2016, Tumours in white suckers from Lake Michigan tributaries: Pathology and prevalence: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 40, no. 3, p. 377-393, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12520.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"377","endPage":"393","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073605","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12520","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":327986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c54ea1e4b0f2f0cebc9874","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/jfd.12520","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfd.12520","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Blazer V S, Walsh H L, Braham R P, Hahn C M, Mazik P, McIntyre P B","journalName":"Journal of Fish Diseases","publicationDate":"8/24/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"8/24/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walsh, H.L. 0000-0001-6392-4604 hwalsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6392-4604","contributorId":15927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"H.L.","email":"hwalsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Braham, R.P.","contributorId":65378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braham","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hahn, C. M.","contributorId":174103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hahn","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mazik, P.","contributorId":22145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazik","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McIntyre, P.B.","contributorId":30738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70176125,"text":"70176125 - 2016 - Allometric and temporal scaling of movement characteristics in Galapagos tortoises","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-29T10:33:53","indexId":"70176125","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-29T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Allometric and temporal scaling of movement characteristics in Galapagos tortoises","docAbstract":"Advances in understanding the factors that limit a species’ range, particularly in the context of climate change, have come disproportionately through investigations at range edges or margins. The margins of a species’ range might often correspond with anomalous microclimates that confer habitat suitability where the species would otherwise fail to persist. We addressed this hypothesis using data from an interior, climatic range margin of the American pika (Ochotona princeps), an indicator of relatively cool, mesic climates in rocky habitats of western North America. Pikas in Lava Beds National Monument, northeastern California, USA, occur at elevations much lower than predicted by latitude and longitude. We hypothesized that pika occurrence within Lava Beds would be associated primarily with features such as “ice caves” in which sub-surface ice persists outside the winter months. We used data loggers to monitor sub-surface temperatures at cave entrances and at non-cave sites, confirming that temperatures were cooler and more stable at cave entrances. We surveyed habitat characteristics and evidence of pika occupancy across a random sample of cave and non-cave sites over a 2-yr period. Pika detection probability was high (~0.97), and the combined occupancy of cave and non-cave sites varied across the 2 yr from 27% to 69%. Contrary to our hypothesis, occupancy was not higher at cave sites. Vegetation metrics were the best predictors of site use by pikas, followed by an edge effect and elevation. The importance of vegetation as a predictor of pika distribution at this interior range margin is congruent with recent studies from other portions of the species’ range. However, we caution that vegetation composition depends on microclimate, which might be the proximal driver of pika distribution. The microclimates available in non-cave crevices accessible to small animals have not been characterized adequately for lava landscapes. We advocate innovation in the acquisition and use of microclimatic data for understanding the distributions of many taxa. Appropriately scaled microclimatic data are increasingly available but rarely used in studies of range dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1379","usgsCitation":"Ray, C., Beever, E., and Rodhouse, T., 2016, Distribution of a climate-sensitive species at an interior range margin: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 6, e01379; 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1379.","productDescription":"e01379; 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-067004","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1379","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":327980,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c54e9ee4b0f2f0cebc9864","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ray, Chris","contributorId":150148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ray","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17921,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":147685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik A.","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodhouse, Thomas J.","contributorId":127378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodhouse","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70176123,"text":"70176123 - 2016 - Niche shifts and energetic condition of songbirds in response to phenology of food-resource availability in a high-elevation sagebrush ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T15:12:26","indexId":"70176123","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-29T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Niche shifts and energetic condition of songbirds in response to phenology of food-resource availability in a high-elevation sagebrush ecosystem","docAbstract":"Seasonal fluctuations in food availability can affect diets of consumers, which in turn may influence the physiological state of individuals and shape intra- and inter-specific patterns of resource use. High-elevation ecosystems often exhibit a pronounced seasonal “pulse” in productivity, although few studies document how resource use and energetic condition by avian consumers change in relation to food-resource availability in these ecosystems. We tested the hypothesis that seasonal increases (pulses) in food resources in high-elevation sagebrush ecosystems result in 2 changes after the pulse, relative to the before-pulse period: (1) reduced diet breadth of, and overlap between, 2 sympatric sparrow species; and (2) enhanced energetic condition in both species. We tracked breeding-season diets using stable isotopes and energetic condition using plasma metabolites of Brewer's Sparrows (Spizella breweri), Vesper Sparrows (Pooecetes gramineus), and their food resources during 2011, and of only Brewer's Sparrows and their food resources during 2013. We quantify diet breadth and overlap between both species, along with coincident physiological consequences of temporal changes in resource use. After invertebrate biomass increased following periods of rainfall in 2011, dietary breadth decreased by 35% in Brewer's Sparrows and by 48% in Vesper Sparrows, while dietary overlap decreased by 88%. Energetic condition of both species increased when dietary overlap was lower and diet breadth decreased, after the rapid rise of food-resource availability. However, energetic condition of Brewer's Sparrows remained constant in 2013, a year with low precipitation and lack of a strong pulse in food resources, even though the species' dietary breadth again decreased that year. Our results indicate that diet breadth and overlap in these sparrow species inhabiting sagebrush ecosystems generally varied as predicted in relation to intra- and interannual changes in food resources, and this difference in diet was associated with improved energetic condition of sparrows at least in one year.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/AUK-16-4.1","usgsCitation":"Cutting, K.A., Anderson, M.L., Beever, E., Schroff, S., Korb, N., Klaphake, E., and McWilliams, S.R., 2016, Niche shifts and energetic condition of songbirds in response to phenology of food-resource availability in a high-elevation sagebrush ecosystem: The Auk, v. 133, no. 4, p. 685-697, https://doi.org/10.1642/AUK-16-4.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"685","endPage":"697","ipdsId":"IP-060109","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/auk-16-4.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":327979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c54e9fe4b0f2f0cebc986a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cutting, Kyle A.","contributorId":44479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cutting","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Michelle L.","contributorId":174095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":27357,"text":"Department of Biology, University of Montana Western, Dillon, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":147685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik A.","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schroff, Sean","contributorId":174096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schroff","given":"Sean","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27358,"text":"Dept. of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Korb, Nathan","contributorId":174097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Korb","given":"Nathan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27359,"text":"The Nature Conservancy, Helena, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Klaphake, Eric","contributorId":174098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klaphake","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27360,"text":"Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, Colorado Springs, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McWilliams, Scott R.","contributorId":172328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McWilliams","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6922,"text":"University of Rhode Island","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70176124,"text":"70176124 - 2016 - Toward an integrated understanding of perceived biodiversity values and environmental conditions in a national park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T11:11:52","indexId":"70176124","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-29T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toward an integrated understanding of perceived biodiversity values and environmental conditions in a national park","docAbstract":"In spatial planning and management of protected areas, increased priority is being given to research that integrates social and ecological data. However, public viewpoints of the benefits provided by ecosystems are not easily quantified and often implicitly folded into natural resource management decisions. Drawing on a spatially explicit participatory mapping exercise and a Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES) analysis tool, the present study empirically examined and integrated social values for ecosystem services and environmental conditions within Channel Islands National Park, California. Specifically, a social value indicator of perceived biodiversity was examined using on-site survey data collected from a sample of people who visited the park. This information was modeled alongside eight environmental conditions including faunal species richness for six taxa, vegetation density, categories of marine and terrestrial land cover, and distance to features relevant for decision-makers. Results showed that biodiversity value points assigned to places by the pooled sample of respondents were widely and unevenly mapped, which reflected the belief that biodiversity was embodied to varying degrees by multiple locations in the park. Models generated for two survey subgroups defined by their self-reported knowledge of the Channels Islands revealed distinct spatial patterns of these perceived values. Specifically, respondents with high knowledge valued large spaces that were publicly inaccessible and unlikely to contain on-ground biodiversity, whereas respondents with low knowledge valued places that were experienced first-hand. Accessibility and infrastructure were also important considerations for anticipating how and where people valued the protected land and seascapes of Channel Islands National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.07.029","usgsCitation":"van Riper, C.J., Kyle, G.T., Sherrouse, B.C., Bagstad, K.J., and Sutton, S., 2016, Toward an integrated understanding of perceived biodiversity values and environmental conditions in a national park: Ecological Indicators, v. 72, p. 278-287, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.07.029.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"278","endPage":"287","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058049","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327978,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands National Park, Santa Cruz Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n 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bcsherrouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5102-5895","contributorId":2445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrouse","given":"Benson","email":"bcsherrouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sutton, Stephen G.","contributorId":14685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"Stephen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176634,"text":"70176634 - 2016 - Shallower structure and geomorphology of the southern Puerto Rico offshore margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-26T15:40:52","indexId":"70176634","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallower structure and geomorphology of the southern Puerto Rico offshore margin","docAbstract":"Oblique convergence between the North American and Caribbean plates along the eastern\nGreater Antilles island arc has yielded the compressive Muertos margin in the backarc region.\nThe Muertos margin is characterized by an asymmetric thrust belt with overall opposite\nvergence to the subduction system in the forearc region. Offshore south of Puerto Rico, this\nthrust belt disappears and is replaced by a succession of NE─SW- and E─W-trending deep\nbasins and steep ridges that characterize the western Anegada passage, resulting in a complex\ndeformation pattern. Using new high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and a dense data set\nof mostly new seismic reflection profiles, we studied the along- and across-strike variations of\nthe geomorphology and shallower structure of the southern Puerto Rico offshore margin. We\nhave identified four morphotectonic provinces: the Puerto Rican sub-basin and Muertos\ntrough, the Muertos margin, the insular shelf and the western Anegada passage. The Muertos\nmargin province shows two distinct slope sub-provinces: the active Muertos thrust belt formed\nby N─S-compression between the island arc and the Caribbean plate’s interior ─which includes\nlower and upper thrust belts with distinct deformational styles and lateral continuity─ and the\nshelf slope covered by a thick package of layered sediments highly-incised by a dense canyon\nnetwork. This network is disrupted by the Investigator fault zone consisting of a 130 km-long\nE─W-trending band of active extensional deformation. The Investigator fault zone shows\ndifferential surface expression caused by along-strike changes in the magnitude and\ndistribution of the deformation, though this deformation is driven by a N─S-oriented\nextension, and if there is any amount of strike-slip it is insignificant. In the western Anegada\npassage province, the Whiting basin and Whiting and Grappler ridges are formed by large dipslip\nnormal faults driven by a NW─SE-oriented extensional regime. The western St. Croix rise\nshows a complex structure as attested by the existence of NE─SW- and E─W-oriented normal\nfaults. The NE─SW-trending NW-dipping normal faults observed at the summit of the rise\npredate the E─W-bounding faults that could accommodate the extensional deformation at the\nPresent. This study provides detailed observations on the active tectonic and sedimentary\nprocesses to help future studies assessing the natural resources and the seismic and\ntsunamigenic hazard in the Puerto Rico region.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.04.014","usgsCitation":"Granja, B.J., Munoz-Martin, A., Carbó-Gorosabel, A., and Llanes, E.P., 2016, Shallower structure and geomorphology of the southern Puerto Rico offshore margin: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 67, p. 30-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.04.014.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"27","ipdsId":"IP-065241","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328898,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.04.014"}],"otherGeospatial":"Southern Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.4066162109375,\n 17.70682812401954\n ],\n [\n -67.4066162109375,\n 18.656654486540006\n ],\n [\n -65.291748046875,\n 18.656654486540006\n ],\n [\n -65.291748046875,\n 17.70682812401954\n ],\n [\n -67.4066162109375,\n 17.70682812401954\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c66ce4b0bc0bec09c97a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granja, Bruna J.L.","contributorId":82559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granja","given":"Bruna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munoz-Martin, A.","contributorId":24598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munoz-Martin","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carbó-Gorosabel, A.","contributorId":174928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carbó-Gorosabel","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Llanes, Estrada P.","contributorId":14235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llanes","given":"Estrada","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175998,"text":"ds1009 - 2016 - Groundwater quality at the Saline Valley Conservancy District well field, Gallatin County, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-30T09:59:58","indexId":"ds1009","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1009","title":"Groundwater quality at the Saline Valley Conservancy District well field, Gallatin County, Illinois","docAbstract":"The Saline Valley Conservancy District (SVCD) operates wells that supply water to most of the water users in Saline and Gallatin Counties, Illinois. The SVCD wells draw water from a shallow sand and gravel aquifer located in close proximity to an abandoned underground coal mine, several abandoned oil wells, and at least one operational oil well. The aquifer that yields water to the SVCD wells overlies the New Albany Shale, which may be subjected to shale-gas exploration by use of hydraulic fracturing. The SVCD has sought technical assistance from the U.S. Geological Survey to characterize baseline water quality at the SVCD well field so that future changes in water quality (if any) and the cause of those changes (including mine leachate and hydraulic fracturing) can be identified.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1009","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Saline Valley Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Gorczynska, Magdalena, and Kay, R.T., 2016, Groundwater quality at the Saline Valley Conservancy District well field, Gallatin County, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1009, 13 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds1009.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-068668","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1009/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":327990,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1009/ds1009.pdf","text":"Report","size":"300 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1009"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","county":"Gallatin County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-88.0897,37.8995],[-88.0882,37.8966],[-88.0864,37.8931],[-88.0841,37.8904],[-88.0831,37.8892],[-88.0818,37.8876],[-88.079,37.884],[-88.0767,37.8803],[-88.0739,37.8766],[-88.0721,37.8735],[-88.0689,37.8691],[-88.0666,37.8652],[-88.0625,37.8598],[-88.0558,37.8557],[-88.0499,37.8531],[-88.0411,37.8495],[-88.0329,37.8469],[-88.0304,37.8457],[-88.0278,37.8444],[-88.0251,37.8417],[-88.024,37.8389],[-88.0239,37.8363],[-88.0239,37.8357],[-88.0252,37.8317],[-88.0262,37.8306],[-88.0267,37.8302],[-88.0276,37.8296],[-88.0293,37.829],[-88.0326,37.8276],[-88.0331,37.8274],[-88.0377,37.8265],[-88.0418,37.826],[-88.0474,37.8265],[-88.0503,37.8271],[-88.0523,37.8276],[-88.0588,37.8303],[-88.0652,37.8325],[-88.0677,37.8334],[-88.0723,37.8349],[-88.0758,37.8355],[-88.0793,37.835],[-88.0822,37.8336],[-88.0833,37.8318],[-88.0838,37.829],[-88.0837,37.8261],[-88.0836,37.8251],[-88.0821,37.8211],[-88.0819,37.8205],[-88.0794,37.8155],[-88.0772,37.8118],[-88.0763,37.8106],[-88.0711,37.8077],[-88.0659,37.8059],[-88.0612,37.8053],[-88.0566,37.8062],[-88.053,37.8075],[-88.0501,37.8093],[-88.049,37.8097],[-88.0466,37.8106],[-88.0421,37.8117],[-88.0413,37.8118],[-88.0367,37.8119],[-88.0351,37.8116],[-88.0333,37.8111],[-88.031,37.8098],[-88.03,37.8086],[-88.0292,37.8072],[-88.0281,37.804],[-88.0277,37.8023],[-88.027,37.799],[-88.03,37.795],[-88.0309,37.7919],[-88.0316,37.7881],[-88.0326,37.7829],[-88.0331,37.7805],[-88.0352,37.7698],[-88.0408,37.7619],[-88.0417,37.7606],[-88.0531,37.7445],[-88.0644,37.7365],[-88.0836,37.728],[-88.0854,37.7271],[-88.0953,37.7227],[-88.1036,37.7183],[-88.1182,37.7105],[-88.1317,37.6979],[-88.1478,37.6776],[-88.1528,37.67],[-88.1541,37.6672],[-88.1552,37.6645],[-88.1565,37.6591],[-88.1566,37.6564],[-88.1566,37.6541],[-88.1567,37.6484],[-88.1534,37.638],[-88.1527,37.6358],[-88.1425,37.6132],[-88.1414,37.6106],[-88.1371,37.5961],[-88.1335,37.5836],[-88.1301,37.579],[-88.1233,37.5717],[-88.1354,37.5773],[-88.1481,37.5765],[-88.1528,37.5775],[-88.1568,37.5789],[-88.1647,37.5912],[-88.167,37.5935],[-88.1699,37.5958],[-88.1907,37.6024],[-88.2075,37.6025],[-88.2604,37.6031],[-88.3719,37.6028],[-88.3718,37.6894],[-88.3721,37.7039],[-88.3739,37.7783],[-88.3732,37.8648],[-88.3742,37.9097],[-88.3311,37.9102],[-88.3071,37.9123],[-88.2634,37.9118],[-88.2482,37.9121],[-88.2295,37.9128],[-88.2126,37.9117],[-88.1362,37.9127],[-88.1349,37.9173],[-88.1193,37.9089],[-88.11,37.9056],[-88.106,37.902],[-88.1026,37.8979],[-88.0998,37.8933],[-88.0975,37.8919],[-88.0951,37.8923],[-88.0897,37.8995]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Gallatin\",\"state\":\"IL\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Illinois Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
405 N Goodwin
Urbana, Illinois 61801
Dissolved oxygen concentrations in streams are affected by physical, chemical, and biological factors in the water column and streambed, and are an important factor for the survival of aquatic organisms. Sediment oxygen demand (SOD) rates in Kansas streams are not well understood. During 2014 and 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, measured SOD at eight stream sites in eastern Kansas to quantify SOD rates and variability with respect to season, land use, and bottom-sediment characteristics. Sediment oxygen demand rates (SODT) ranged from 0.01 to 3.15 grams per square meter per day at the ambient temperature of the measurements. The summer mean SOD rate was 3.0-times larger than the late fall mean rate, likely because of increased biological activity at warm water temperatures. Given the substantial amount of variability in SOD rates possible within sites, heterogeneity of substrate type is an important consideration when designing SOD studies and interpreting the results. Sediment oxygen demand in eastern Kansas streams was correlated with land use and streambed-sediment characteristics, though the strength of relations varied seasonally. The small number of study sites precluded a more detailed analysis. The effect of basin land use and streambed sediment characteristics on SOD is currently (2016) not well understood, and there may be many contributing factors including basin influences on water quality that affect biogeochemical cycles and the biological communities supported by the stream.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165113","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment","usgsCitation":"Foster, G.M., King, L.R., and Graham, J.L., 2016, Sediment oxygen demand in eastern Kansas streams, 2014 and 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5113, 19 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165113.","productDescription":"Report: v, 19 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-073750","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438558,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7610XG8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Sediment Oxygen Demand Data for Eastern Kansas Streams, August 2014 through December 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\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4821 Quail Crest Place
Lawrence, KS 66049
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-08-29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c54e9fe4b0f2f0cebc986c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, Guy M. gfoster@usgs.gov","contributorId":3437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Guy M.","email":"gfoster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":644684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Lindsey R.","contributorId":73693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Lindsey R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":1769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175738,"text":"ofr20161138 - 2016 - Time-slice maps showing age, distribution, and style of deformation in Alaska north of 60° N.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-30T10:14:32","indexId":"ofr20161138","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1138","title":"Time-slice maps showing age, distribution, and style of deformation in Alaska north of 60° N.","docAbstract":"
California’s vast reservoir system, fed by annual snow-and rainfall, plays an important part in providing water to the State’s human and wildlife population. There are almost 1,300 reservoirs throughout the State, but only approximately 200 of them are considered storage reservoirs, and many of the larger ones are critical components of the Federal Central Valley Project and California State Water Project. Storage reservoirs, such as the ones shown in figure 1, capture winter precipitation for use in California’s dry summer months. In addition to engineered reservoir storage, California also depends on water “stored” in the statewide snowpack, which slowly melts during the course of the summer, to augment the State’s water supply.
Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
From 2011 to 2013, a large-scale ecotoxicological study was conducted in several Chesapeake Bay (USA) tributaries (Susquehanna River and flats, the Back, Baltimore Harbor/Patapsco Rivers, Anacostia/ middle Potomac, Elizabeth and James Rivers) and Poplar Island as a mid-Bay reference site. Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) diet and the transfer of contaminants from fish to osprey eggs were evaluated. The most bioaccumulative compounds (biomagnification factor > 5) included p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), total polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and bromodiphenyl ether (BDE) congeners 47, 99, 100, and 154. This analysis suggested that alternative brominated flame retardants and other compounds (methoxytriclosan) are not appreciably biomagnifying. A multivariate analysis of similarity indicated that major differences in patterns among study sites were driven by PCB congeners 105, 128, 156, 170/190, and 189, and PBDE congeners 99 and 209. An integrative redundancy analysis showed that osprey eggs from Baltimore Harbor/Patapsco River and the Elizabeth River had high residues of PCBs and p,p′-DDE, with PBDEs making a substantial contribution to overall halogenated contamination on the Susquehanna and Anacostia/middle Potomac Rivers. The redundancy analysis also suggested a potential relation between PBDE residues in osprey eggs and oxidative DNA damage in nestling blood samples. The results also indicate that there is no longer a discernible relation between halogenated contaminants in osprey eggs and their reproductive success in Chesapeake Bay. Osprey populations are thriving in much of the Chesapeake, with productivity rates exceeding those required to sustain a stable population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1002/etc.3386","usgsCitation":"Lazarus, R.S., Rattner, B.A., McGowan, P.C., Hale, R.C., Karouna-Reiner, N.K., Erickson, R.A., and Ottinger, M.A., 2016, Chesapeake Bay fish–osprey (Pandion haliaetus) food chain: Evaluation of contaminant exposure and genetic damage: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1560-1575, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3386.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1560","endPage":"1575","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070809","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327893,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.794189453125,\n 36.70365959719456\n ],\n [\n -77.794189453125,\n 39.7240885773337\n ],\n [\n -75.0970458984375,\n 39.7240885773337\n ],\n [\n -75.0970458984375,\n 36.70365959719456\n ],\n [\n -77.794189453125,\n 36.70365959719456\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c15a21e4b0f2f0ceb8baa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lazarus, Rebecca S. 0000-0003-1731-6469 rlazarus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-6469","contributorId":5594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazarus","given":"Rebecca","email":"rlazarus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGowan, Peter C.","contributorId":13867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGowan","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hale, Robert C.","contributorId":105036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hale","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karouna-Reiner, Natalie K.","contributorId":84258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Reiner","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Erickson, Richard A. 0000-0003-4649-482X rerickson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4649-482X","contributorId":5455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Richard","email":"rerickson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ottinger, Mary Ann","contributorId":26422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ottinger","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70176104,"text":"70176104 - 2016 - Seasonal variation exceeds effects of salmon carcass additions on benthic food webs in the Elwha River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-30T09:48:16","indexId":"70176104","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal variation exceeds effects of salmon carcass additions on benthic food webs in the Elwha River","docAbstract":"Dam removal and other fish barrier removal projects in western North America are assumed to boost freshwater productivity via the transport of marine-derived nutrients from recolonizing Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). In anticipation of the removal of two hydroelectric dams on the Elwha River in Washington State, we tested this hypothesis with a salmon carcass addition experiment. Our study was designed to examine how background nutrient dynamics and benthic food webs vary seasonally, and how these features respond to salmon subsidies. We conducted our experiment in six side channels of the Elwha River, each with a spatially paired reference and treatment reach. Each reach was sampled on multiple occasions from October 2007 to August 2008, before and after carcass placement. We evaluated nutrient limitation status; measured water chemistry, periphyton, benthic invertebrates, and juvenile rainbow trout (O. mykiss) response; and traced salmon-derived nutrient uptake using stable isotopes. Outside of winter, algal accrual was limited by both nitrogen and phosphorous and remained so even in the presence of salmon carcasses. One month after salmon addition, dissolved inorganic nitrogen levels doubled in treatment reaches. Two months after addition, benthic algal accrual was significantly elevated. We detected no changes in invertebrate or fish metrics, with the exception of 15N enrichment. Natural seasonal variability was greater than salmon effects for the majority of our response metrics. Yet seasonality and synchronicity of nutrient supply and demand are often overlooked in nutrient enhancement studies. Timing and magnitude of salmon-derived nitrogen utilization suggest that uptake of dissolved nutrients was favored over direct consumption of carcasses. The highest proportion of salmon-derived nitrogen was incorporated by herbivores (18–30%) and peaked 1–2 months after carcass addition. Peak nitrogen enrichment in predators (11–16%) occurred 2–3 months after addition. All taxa returned to background δ15N levels by 7 months. Since this study was conducted, both dams on the Elwha River were removed over 2011–2014 to open over 90% of the basin to anadromous fishes. We anticipate that as the full portfolio of salmon species expands through the basin, nutrient supply and demand will come into better balance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1422","usgsCitation":"Morley, S., Coe, H., Duda, J., Dunphy, L., McHenry, M., Beckman, B., Elofson, M., Sampson, E.M., and Ward, L., 2016, Seasonal variation exceeds effects of salmon carcass additions on benthic food webs in the Elwha River: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 8, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1422.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"article e01422","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065535","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1422","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":327875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c15a21e4b0f2f0ceb8baa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morley, S.A.","contributorId":49619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morley","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, H.J.","contributorId":174061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coe","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27351,"text":"Ocean Associates, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duda, J.J. 0000-0001-7431-8634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":105073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunphy, L.S.","contributorId":174060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunphy","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27350,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, UW, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McHenry, M.L.","contributorId":29476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHenry","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beckman, B.R.","contributorId":51941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckman","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elofson, M.","contributorId":174064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elofson","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27352,"text":"Natural Resources Dept., Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sampson, E. M.","contributorId":174139,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sampson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ward, L.","contributorId":30934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70176109,"text":"ofr20161144 - 2016 - Behavior patterns and fates of adult steelhead, Chinook salmon, and coho salmon released into the upper Cowlitz River Basin, 2005–09 and 2012, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-29T09:34:43","indexId":"ofr20161144","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1144","title":"Behavior patterns and fates of adult steelhead, Chinook salmon, and coho salmon released into the upper Cowlitz River Basin, 2005–09 and 2012, Washington","docAbstract":"A multiyear radiotelemetry evaluation was conducted to monitor adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), and coho salmon (O. kisutch) behavior and movement patterns in the upper Cowlitz River Basin. Volitional passage to this area was eliminated by dam construction in the mid-1960s, and a reintroduction program began in the mid-1990s. Fish are transported around the dams using a trap-and-haul program, and adult release sites are located in Lake Scanewa, the uppermost reservoir in the system, and in the Cowlitz and Cispus Rivers. Our goal was to estimate the proportion of tagged fish that fell back downstream of Cowlitz Falls Dam before the spawning period and to determine the proportion that were present in the Cowlitz and Cispus Rivers during the spawning period. Fallback is important because Cowlitz Falls Dam does not have upstream fish passage, so fish that pass the dam are unable to move back upstream and spawn. A total of 2,051 steelhead and salmon were tagged for the study, which was conducted during 2005–09 and 2012, and 173 (8.4 percent) of these regurgitated their transmitter prior to, or shortly after release. Once these fish were removed from the dataset, the final number of fish that was monitored totaled 1,878 fish, including 647 steelhead, 770 Chinook salmon, and 461 coho salmon.
Hatchery-origin (HOR) and natural-origin (NOR) steelhead, Chinook salmon, and coho salmon behaved differently following release into Lake Scanewa. Detection records showed that the percentage of HOR fish that moved upstream and entered the Cowlitz River or Cispus River after release was relatively low (steelhead = 38 percent; Chinook salmon = 67 percent; coho salmon = 41 percent) compared to NOR fish (steelhead = 84 percent; Chinook salmon = 82 percent; coho salmon = 76 percent). The elapsed time from release to river entry was significantly lower for NOR fish than for HOR fish for all three species. Tagged fish entered the Cowlitz River in greater proportions than the Cispus River, regardless of origin. We found that 23–47 percent of the HOR fish entered the Cowlitz River and 12–38 percent entered the Cispus River. Similarly, 67–70 percent of the NOR fish entered the Cowlitz River and 38–66 percent entered the Cispus River. These behavioral differences translated into similar differences in fates during the spawning periods as higher percentages of tagged fish were assigned Cowlitz River fates than Cispus River fates.
Fallback rates were affected by fish origin and release site. Overall, 12 percent of steelhead, 19 percent of Chinook salmon, and 8 percent of coho salmon fell back downstream of Cowlitz Falls Dam prior to spawning. Fallback rates were lower for fish that were released in the Cowlitz River or the Cispus River than for reservoir-released fish, but statistical comparisons were not robust because of small sample sizes at the river release sites. Fallback rates for fish released at the river release sites were 10 percent lower for steelhead, 4 percent lower for Chinook salmon, and 9 percent lower for coho salmon than for reservoir-released fish. However, fallback rates also were different between HOR and NOR fish. Fallback rates were significantly higher for HOR reservoir-released fish than for NOR reservoir-released fish.
This study provided data that were insightful for understanding behavior and movement patterns in the upper Cowlitz River Basin and yielded estimates of fallback rates and fish fates that may be useful for fishery managers in the years to come. Studies from other systems have shown that factors such as prespawn mortality and fallback have resulted in substantial losses to spawning populations where trap-and-haul programs are being used as a restoration tool. Future research in the upper Cowlitz River Basin may use additional telemetry studies, genetic analyses, and spawning ground surveys to provide answers for new questions and to continue to monitor the progress of the reintroduction effort.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161144","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Public Utility District Number 1 of Lewis County, Washington, and the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., Ekstrom, B.K., Liedtke, T.L., Serl, J.D., and Kohn, Mike, 2016, Behavior patterns and fates of adult steelhead, Chinook salmon, and coho salmon released into the upper Cowlitz River Basin, 2005–09 and 2012, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1144, 36 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161144.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-077163","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327910,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1144/ofr20161144.pdf"},{"id":327909,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1144/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Upper Cowlitz River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.12677001953124,\n 46.41655893628349\n ],\n [\n -122.12677001953124,\n 46.59661864884465\n ],\n [\n -121.69418334960939,\n 46.59661864884465\n ],\n [\n -121.69418334960939,\n 46.41655893628349\n ],\n [\n -122.12677001953124,\n 46.41655893628349\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
http://wfrc.usgs.gov/
The Northwest Boreal Landscape Conservation Cooperative (NWB LCC) is a voluntary, diverse, self-directed management-science partnership, informing and promoting integrated science, sustainable natural and cultural resource management, and conservation to address impacts of climate change and other stressors within and across ecosystems. The NWB LCC area includes parts of Alaska, Yukon, Northwest Territories, and British Columbia. Our partnership reflects both the broad geographic scope and an extensive array of active and engaged participants including resource management organizations, government representatives, policy makers, Tribes and First Nations, industry leaders, researchers, non-governmental organizations, and research/education institutions. Bringing together diverse partners will help assure the northwest boreal is a functioning, sustainable landscape.
We live in an era of profound conservation challenges, including the loss and fragmentation of habitats, genetic isolation, invasive species, and unnatural wildfire. The effects of rapidly changing climate are already evident on the landscape. In these circumstances, it is imperative that natural resource management agencies, science providers, Tribes, First Nations, conservation organizations, and other stakeholders work together to understand the drivers and impacts of landscape change and to determine how best to address those challenges. Further, it is essential that the public and communities receive clear communication about the vision and activities of the NWB LCC. Open public access to NWB LCC activities and products will promote acceptance and support of the science that guides potential changes in management action and conservation strategy.
This strategic plan provides a great opportunity for the NWB LCC to share our approach and intentions to the LCC members, collaborators, communities, and the public at large.
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2016 - Centimeter-scale surface deformation caused by the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake sequence at the Carter farm site—Subsidiary structures with a quaternary history","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-12T09:58:17","indexId":"ofr20161134","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-25T08:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1134","title":"Centimeter-scale surface deformation caused by the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake sequence at the Carter farm site—Subsidiary structures with a quaternary history","docAbstract":"Centimeter-scale ground-surface deformation was produced by the August 23, 2011, magnitude (M) 5.8 earthquake that occurred in Mineral, Virginia. Ground-surface deformation also resulted from the earthquake aftershock sequence. This deformation occurred along a linear northeast-trend near Pendleton, Virginia. It is approximately 10 kilometers (km) northeast of the M5.8 epicenter and near the northeastern periphery of the epicentral area as defined by aftershocks. The ground-surface deformation extends over a distance of approximately 1.4 km and consists of parallel, small-scale (a few centimeters (cm) in amplitude) linear ridges and swales. Individual ridge and swale features are discontinuous and vary in length across a zone that ranges from about 20 meters (m) to less than 5 m in width. At one location, three fence posts and adjoining rails were vertically misaligned. Approximately 5 cm of uplift on one post provides a maximum estimate of vertical change from pre-earthquake conditions along the ridge and swale features. There was no change in the alignment of fence posts, indicating that deformation was entirely vertical. A broad monoclinal flexure with approximately 1 m of relief was identified by transit survey across surface deformation at the Carter farm site. There, surface deformation overlies the Carter farm fault, which is a zone of brittle faulting and fracturing along quartz veins, striking N40°E and dipping approximately 75°SE. Brecciation and shearing along this fault is interpreted as Quaternary in age because it disrupts the modern B-soil horizon. However, deformation is confined to saprolitized schist of the Ordovician Quantico Formation and the lowermost portion of overlying residuum, and is absent in the uppermost residuum and colluvial layer at the ground surface. Because there is a lack of surface shearing and very low relief, landslide processes were not a causative mechanism for the surface deformation. Two possible tectonic models and one non-tectonic model are considered: (1) tectonic, monoclinal flexuring along the Carter farm fault, probably aseismic, (2) tectonic, monoclinal flexuring related to a shallow (1–3 km) cluster of aftershocks (M2 to M3) that occurred approximately 1 to 1.5 km to the east of Carter farm, and (3) non-tectonic, differential response to seismic shaking between more-rigid quartz veins and soft residuum-saprolite under vertical motions that were created by Rayleigh surface waves radiating away from the August 23, 2011, hypocenter and propagating along strike of the Carter farm fault. These processes are not considered mutually exclusive, and all three support brittle deformation on the Carter farm fault during the Quaternary. In addition, abandoned stream valleys and active stream piracy are consistent with long-term uplift in vicinity of the Carter farm fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161134","usgsCitation":"Harrison, R.W., Schindler, J.S., Pavich, M.J., Horton, J.W., Jr., and Carter, M.W., 2016, Centimeter-scale surface deformation caused by the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake sequence at the Carter farm site—Subsidiary structures with a Quaternary history: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1134, 18 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161134.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055730","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327108,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1134/coverthb1.jpg"},{"id":327109,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1134/ofr20161134.pdf","text":"Report","size":"31.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1134"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.970278,\n 38.008333\n ],\n [\n -77.970278,\n 37.941667\n ],\n [\n -77.814444,\n 37.941667\n ],\n [\n -77.814444,\n 38.008333\n ],\n [\n -77.970278,\n 38.008333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
http://geology.er.usgs.gov/egpsc/
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Fargo Diversion Board of Authority, collected water-surface elevations during a range of discharges needed for calibration of hydrologic and hydraulic models for specific reaches of interest in water years 2014–15. These water-surface elevation and discharge measurement data were collected for design planning of diversion structures on the Red River of the North and Wild Rice River and the aqueduct/diversion structures on the Sheyenne and Maple Rivers. The Red River of the North and Sheyenne River reaches were surveyed six times, and discharges ranged from 276 to 6,540 cubic feet per second and from 166 to 2,040 cubic feet per second, respectively. The Wild Rice River reach also was surveyed six times during 2014 and 2015, and discharges ranged from 13 to 1,550 cubic feet per second. The Maple River reach was surveyed four times, and discharges ranged from 16.4 to 633 cubic feet per second. Water-surface elevation differences from upstream to downstream in the reaches ranged from 0.33 feet in the Red River of the North reach to 9.4 feet in the Maple River reach.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161139","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fargo Diversion Board of Authority","usgsCitation":"Damschen, W.C., and Galloway, J.M., 2016, Water-surface elevation and discharge measurement data for the Red River of the North and its tributaries near Fargo, North Dakota, water years 2014–15: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1139, 16 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161139.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-074364","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1139/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":327823,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1139/ofr20161139.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1139"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","city":"Fargo","otherGeospatial":"Maple River, Red River of the North, Sheyenne River, Wild Rice River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97,\n 46.6667\n ],\n [\n -97,\n 47.10378387099161\n ],\n [\n -96.6667,\n 47.10378387099161\n ],\n [\n -96.6667,\n 46.6667\n ],\n [\n -97,\n 46.6667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, North Dakota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
821 E Interstate Ave
Bismarck, ND 58503