{"pageNumber":"1041","pageRowStart":"26000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68937,"records":[{"id":80046,"text":"twri09A6.3 - 2005 - Specific electrical conductance","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":80046,"text":"twri09A6.3 - 2005 - Specific electrical conductance","indexId":"twri09A6.3","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Specific electrical conductance","title":"Specific electrical conductance"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70201682,"text":"tm9A6.3 - 2019 - Chapter A6.3. Specific Conductance","indexId":"tm9A6.3","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter A6.3. Specific Conductance"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70201682,"text":"tm9A6.3 - 2019 - Chapter A6.3. Specific Conductance","indexId":"tm9A6.3","publicationYear":"2019","noYear":false,"title":"Chapter A6.3. Specific Conductance"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-14T15:14:13.248474","indexId":"twri09A6.3","displayToPublicDate":"2020-04-14T11:20:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"09-A6.3","displayTitle":"Specific electrical conductance","title":"Specific electrical conductance","docAbstract":"<p><span>Electrical conductance is a measure of the capacity of a substance to conduct an electrical current. The specific electrical conductance (conductivity) of water is a function of the types and quantities of dissolved substances it contains, normalized to a unit length and unit cross section at a specified temperature. This section of the&nbsp;</span><i>National Field Manual</i><span>&nbsp;(NFM) describes U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) guidance and protocols for measurement of conductivity in ground and surface waters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/twri09A6.3","usgsCitation":"Radtke, D.B., Davis, J.V., and Wilde, F., 2005, Specific electrical conductance (Version 1.2): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 09-A6.3, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri09A6.3.","productDescription":"22 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9805,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/09/a6.3/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"2.91 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":191011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri9a6/twri9a63/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":361295,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri9a6/twri9a63/twri9a63.pdf","text":"Report","size":"158 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Version 1.2","publicComments":"The 2018 release in the Techniques and Methods series supersedes two earlier editions in the Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations series. Version 1 was released in 1998 and version 2 was released in 2005. More details are in the version history document.","contact":"<p>Chief, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/water-resources/national-water-quality-program?qt-programs_l2_landing_page=0#qt-programs_l2_landing_page\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/water-resources/national-water-quality-program?qt-programs_l2_landing_page=0#qt-programs_l2_landing_page\">Office of Quality Assurance </a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, MS 432<br>Reston, VA 20192</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>6.3.1 Equipment and supplies</li><li>6.3.2 Calibration</li><li>6.3.3 Measurement</li><li>6.3.4 Troubleshooting</li><li>6.3.5 Reporting</li><li>Selected References</li></ul>","revisedDate":"2018-12-21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e59bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Radtke, D. B.","contributorId":72821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radtke","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Jerri V. jdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":99149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Jerri","email":"jdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilde, F.D.","contributorId":50933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilde","given":"F.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":757435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70206581,"text":"70206581 - 2005 - Shorebird habitat availability assessment of agricultural fields using a digital aerial video system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-11T11:27:33","indexId":"70206581","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-31T11:18:16","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Shorebird habitat availability assessment of agricultural fields using a digital aerial video system","docAbstract":"<p><span>Field and wetland conditions in the rice prairies of Louisiana and Texas are highly dynamic habitats. Rice prairies are important habitat for many species of migratory birds, including shorebirds, wading birds, and waterfowl. Ground sampling a variety of fields to assess habitat availability is very labor intensive, and accessibility to private lands makes statistical habitat sampling almost impossible. Aerial video is a tool we can use for assessing availability of these highly ephemeral habitats because of the short-duration repeatability of the surveys. The strong statistical basis of line transect theory allows quantitative estimation of habitat availability. We used ground surveys of field conditions and shorebird ground counts to correlate spectral signatures with shorebird habitat availability. This video system can also be used to identify and map distribution of invasive plant species known to affect suitability of stopover habitat for shorebirds and landbirds.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bird Conservation Implementation and Integration in the Americas: Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Third International Partners in Flight Conference","conferenceDate":"March 20-24, 2005","conferenceLocation":"Asilomar, CA","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Jeske, C.W., Wilson, S.A., Chadwick, P.C., and Barrow, W., 2005, Shorebird habitat availability assessment of agricultural fields using a digital aerial video system, <i>in</i> Bird Conservation Implementation and Integration in the Americas: Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference, v. 2, Asilomar, CA, March 20-24, 2005, p. 854-859.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"854","endPage":"859","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":369110,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr191/psw_gtr191_0854-0859_jeske.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mermentau River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.7850341796875,\n              29.956124387148986\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.966552734375,\n              29.956124387148986\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.966552734375,\n              30.415519081811507\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.7850341796875,\n              30.415519081811507\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.7850341796875,\n              29.956124387148986\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jeske, Clinton W. jeskec@usgs.gov","contributorId":2982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeske","given":"Clinton","email":"jeskec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":775033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Scott A. 0000-0001-8055-8618 wilsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8055-8618","contributorId":2360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Scott","email":"wilsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chadwick, Paul C.","contributorId":34791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadwick","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":775035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barrow, Wylie C. Jr. 0000-0003-4671-2823 barroww@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":168953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"Wylie C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"barroww@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":775036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70179930,"text":"70179930 - 2005 - Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T14:42:19","indexId":"70179930","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"46","title":"Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 2005","docAbstract":"<p>This is the forty-second in a series of annual reports that describe ground-water conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights, provide data to enable inter­ested parties to maintain awareness of changing ground-water conditions.</p><p>This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, ground-water with­drawal from wells, water-level changes, precipitation, streamflow, and chemical quality of water. Information on well construction included in this report refers only to wells constructed for new appropriations of ground water. Supplementary data are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas which are important to a discussion of changing ground-water conditions and for which applicable data are available.</p><p>This report includes individual discussions of selected significant areas of ground-water development in the State for calendar year 2004. Most of the reported data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights and Division of Water Resources. This report is available online at http://www.waterrights.utah.gov/techinfo/ wwwpub/gw2005.pdf and http://ut.water.usgs.gov/publications/GW2005.pdf.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources and Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Burden, C.B., Allen, D.V., Danner, M., Walzem, V., Cillessen, J., Kenney, T., Wilkowske, C., Eacret, R.J., Downhour, P., Slaugh, B., Swenson, R., Howells, J., Christiansen, H., and Fisher, M., 2005, Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 2005: Cooperative Investigations Report 46, viii, 138 p.","productDescription":"viii, 138 p.","numberOfPages":"148","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333575,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=50-1-342"},{"id":333576,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/techinfo/wwwpub/GW2005.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58833024e4b0d002316377aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burden, Carole B. cburden@usgs.gov","contributorId":852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"Carole","email":"cburden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, David V.","contributorId":75989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Danner, M.R.","contributorId":178514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Danner","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Walzem, Vince","contributorId":178604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walzem","given":"Vince","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cillessen, J.L.","contributorId":33803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cillessen","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kenney, T.A.","contributorId":44628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenney","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilkowske, C.D.","contributorId":63050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkowske","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eacret, Robert J. rjeacret@usgs.gov","contributorId":971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eacret","given":"Robert","email":"rjeacret@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Downhour, Paul downhour@usgs.gov","contributorId":968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downhour","given":"Paul","email":"downhour@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Slaugh, B.A.","contributorId":178515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slaugh","given":"B.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Swenson, R.L.","contributorId":178508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swenson","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Howells, J.H.","contributorId":178516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howells","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Christiansen, H.K.","contributorId":178517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christiansen","given":"H.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Fisher, M.J.","contributorId":178524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70174608,"text":"70174608 - 2005 - Preliminary results from a shallow water benthic grazing study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-10T13:30:52.692041","indexId":"70174608","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-06T03:30:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3914,"text":"Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary results from a shallow water benthic grazing study","docAbstract":"<p>The nutrient-rich, shallow waters of San Francisco Bay support high rates of primary production, limited not by nutrients but by light availability and benthic grazing (Alpine and others 1992; Cloern 1982). Phytoplankton blooms are an important food source for upper trophic levels. Consequently animal populations, such as fish, may suffer under conditions of high benthic bivalve grazing. It has been hypothesized that several species of fish are suffering as a result of severe decreases in available phytoplankton since the introduction of Potamocorbula amurensis into San Francisco Bay (Feyrer 2003).</p>\n<p>The extent of reduction in phytoplankton biomass by benthic bivalves is dependent on both physical and biological factors in addition to their spatial and temporal variability. Physical factors identified as important include: (1) vertical mixing rates, which are a function of wind velocity, currents, and bottom roughness; (2) suspended sediment concentrations; and (3) phytoplankton settling rates. The biological factors controlling the extent of phytoplankton grazing include animal density and organism size, pumping rate, food type and concentration, metabolic demands, assimilation efficiency, and behaviour (Wildish and Kristmanson 1997).</p>\n<p>Several laboratory studies involving model and live clams have shown that benthic grazers can deplete phytoplankton in the water column (for example, Cole and others 1992). Initially, these studies assumed that the water&nbsp;column remained well mixed above benthic suspension feeders; therefore, parameters measured in the bulk water column were believed to be representative of available particle concentration. For this reason many relationships describing the influence of the bulk flow and bulk seston concentration on benthic grazers physiological processes exist (for example, Levinton 1991).&nbsp;</p>\n<p>Laboratory measurements using live animals have shown that filtration rates vary with free stream velocity (for example, Levinton 1991). Increases in current speed lead to an increase in filtration rate; however, several studies have shown that filtration may cease at some critical current speed. It has been suggested that resuspension, occurring as a result of high current speeds, may be a factor that negatively affects uptake (Cloern 1987; Levinton 1991). Several mechanisms have been invoked to explain the effects of low speed on growth rates of active suspension feeders. These mechanisms include the formation of a concentration boundary layer and the limiting horizontal flux of seston. It is now accepted that a combination of these factors dictates the growth success of benthic grazers in a particular area.</p>\n<p>Several field studies have shown that concentration boundary layers can form over benthic ecosystems (for example, Frechette and others 1989, Dolmer 2000); however, many of these studies have failed to measure the hydrodynamics needed to calculate benthic grazing rates. Furthermore, calculating benthic grazing rates with vertical measurements at a single point is problematic due to lack of knowledge of the horizontal gradients in seston (Thompson and others, forthcoming).</p>\n<p>Despite great improvements in our knowledge on the effects of benthic grazers on seston concentrations in water columns, the effects of different hydrodynamic conditions on grazing rates has not been formulated. This makes it difficult to assess the system-wide effect of the benthic ecosystem on phytoplankton concentrations. Furthermore, it affects our ability to predict the potential success of a benthic species, such as the invasive clams Corbicula fluminea and Potamocorbula amurensis. This paper presents the preliminary results of a control volume approach to elucidate the effect of different hydrodynamic conditions on the grazing rates of Corbicula fluminea.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Interagency Ecological Program for the San Francisco Estuary","publisherLocation":"","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Jones, N., Monismith, S., and Thompson, J.K., 2005, Preliminary results from a shallow water benthic grazing study: Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter, v. 18, no. 1, p. 7-13.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Francisco","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.03314208984374,\n              37.14499280340638\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03314208984374,\n              38.30933576918588\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2506103515625,\n              38.30933576918588\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2506103515625,\n              37.14499280340638\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03314208984374,\n              37.14499280340638\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57876631e4b0d27deb36e1a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, N.L.","contributorId":19397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monismith, Stephen G.","contributorId":57228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monismith","given":"Stephen G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70160047,"text":"70160047 - 2005 - Assessing climate change effects on mountain ecosystems using integrated models: A case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-09T14:58:26","indexId":"70160047","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-12T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Assessing climate change effects on mountain ecosystems using integrated models: A case study","docAbstract":"<p>Mountain systems are characterized by strong environmental gradients, rugged topography and extreme spatial heterogeneity in ecosystem structure and composition. Consequently, most mountainous areas have relatively high rates of endemism and biodiversity, and function as species refugia in many areas of the world. Mountains have long been recognized as critical entities in regional climatic and hydrological dynamics but their importance as terrestrial carbon stores has only been recently underscored (Schimel et al. 2002; this volume). Mountain ecosystems, therefore, are globally important as well as unusually complex. These ecosystems challenge our ability to understand their dynamics and predict their response to climatic variability and global-scale environmental change.</p>\n<p><span>To meet this challenge, mountain scientists increasingly are modeling the vast array of relationships that comprise ecosystem dynamics. Dynamic modeling can examine the interactions between land management strategies and climatic change to develop appropriate responses to future human demands on mountain systems. Modeling provides spatially and temporally explicit, quantified results that can be&nbsp;validated in the field, thus providing feedback to our understanding of ecosystem dynamics. Modeling results, particularly maps and other visual tools, also give a concrete dimension to our understanding of the scale and magnitude of potential future changes. Modeling alerts scientists and land managers to apparently counter-intuitive outcomes of ecosystem responses to climate change or management decisions. For instance, in an early modeling exercise for northwest Montana, USA, Running and Nemani (1991) found that streamflow in a warmer future climate decreased by 30% in the Swan Range even when precipitation was increased by 10% in a particular climate change scenario. This unexpected response was due to enhanced forest growth, and increased evapotranspiration, resulting from the earlier snowmelt and extended growing season. There is a rich legacy of models that address climate and weather, hydrology, forest growth&nbsp;</span>(e.g. gap dynamics and succession), forest fires (e.g. fuel loading) and land cover change (cf. Bugmann et al., this volume). Much less common, however, are attempts to fully integrate models from various disciplines to create a robust system that adequately addresses the entire range of ecosystem dynamics. In addition, fine-resolution modeling of entire mountain ranges (i.e. regional ecosystem scale) is not as common as global or continental scale modeling or watershed/catchment scale modeling. However, this is the scale that is germane to policy decisions such as in the western US and Canada, i.e. in those areas that contain most of the mountainous terrain of North America. This paper describes our efforts to implement an integrated regional modeling approach while characterizing potential future responses of a mountain ecosystem to climate change. Our study area was Glacier National Park in northwestern Montana, USA. Glacier Park is a 4082 km&rdquo; mountain wilderness that straddles the continental divide and contains over 150 summits of up to 3150 m elevation in the Lewis and Livingston mountain ranges.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global change and mountain regions: An overview of current knowledge","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","usgsCitation":"Fagre, D.B., Running, S.W., Keane, R.E., and Peterson, D.L., 2005, Assessing climate change effects on mountain ecosystems using integrated models: A case study, chap. <i>of</i> Global change and mountain regions: An overview of current knowledge, p. 489-500.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"489","endPage":"500","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312086,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.springer.com/us/book/9781402035067"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56695ec2e4b08895842a1c71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Running, Steven W. 0000-0001-6906-3841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6906-3841","contributorId":53258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Running","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7089,"text":"University of Montana, Missoula, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keane, Robert E.","contributorId":73930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keane","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, David L.","contributorId":94643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12647,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70045831,"text":"70045831 - 2005 - Mineral of the month: manganese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T10:48:24","indexId":"70045831","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1829,"text":"Geotimes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral of the month: manganese","docAbstract":"Manganese is one of the most important ferrous metals and one of the few for which the United States is totally dependent on imports. It is a black, brittle element predominantly used in metallurgical applications as an alloying addition, particularly in steel and cast iron production, which together provide the largest market for manganese (about 83 percent). It is also used as an alloy with nonferrous metals such as aluminum and copper. Nonmetallurgical applications of manganese include battery cathodes, soft ferrite magnets used in electronics, micronutrients found in fertilizers and animal feed, water treatment chemicals, and a colorant for bricks and ceramics.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotimes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Corathers, L.A., 2005, Mineral of the month: manganese: Geotimes, v. 2005, no. October, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271940,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271939,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.geotimes.org/oct05/resources.html#mineral"}],"volume":"2005","issue":"October","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a226ce4b061e1bd5333ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corathers, Lisa A. lcorathers@usgs.gov","contributorId":3213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corathers","given":"Lisa","email":"lcorathers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":478404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044463,"text":"ofr20041088 - 2005 - PCB concentrations in Pere Marquette River and Muskegon River watersheds, 2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-22T15:24:47","indexId":"ofr20041088","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1088","title":"PCB concentrations in Pere Marquette River and Muskegon River watersheds, 2002","docAbstract":"<p>Polychlorinated biphenyl compounds (PCBs) are a class of209 individual compounds (known as congeners) for which there are no known natural sources. PCBs are carcinogenic and bioaccumulative compounds. For over 40 years, PCBs were manufactured in the United States. The flame resistant property of PCBs made them ideal chemicals for use as flame-retardants, and as coolants and lubricants in transformers and other electrical equipment. PCBs were also used in heating coils, carbonless paper, degreasers, varnishes, lacquers, waterproofing material, and cereal boxes. In addition, they were frequently used in the manufacturing of plastics, adhesives, and paints.</p><p>During the manufacturing period of PCBs, these chemicals entered the environment though atmospheric release during manufacturing and burning of PCB products, leaks and spills, and improper disposal. Although PCB manufacturing was banned over 20 years ago, PCBs still enter the environment from hazardous waste sites, improper disposals of PCB-containing products, weathering of asphalt and other substances containing PCBs, burning of PCB containing products, leakage from old equipment, leaching from landfills, and release from contaminated sediments. PCBs do not readily break down in the environment, thus remain there for long periods of time. A small amount may remain dissolved in water but most adhere to organic particles and bottom sediments.</p><p>In sufficient concentrations, PCBs affect human, wildlife, and aquatic health. PCBs accumulate in fatty tissues of animals and fish and are passed on to those that eat them. PCBs are animal teratogens and potentially carcinogenic. They can cause death of animals, fish, and birds; death or low growth rate of plants; shortened lifespan; reproductive problems; and lower fertility. Women who are exposed to high levels of PCBs may have babies with slightly lower birth weights and transfer the PCBs through the breast milk, which may affect the immune system and motor development of the child. Rule 323.1057 (Toxic Substances) of the Part 4. Water Quality Standards gives procedure for calculating water-quality values to protect human, wildlife and aquatic life. For total PCB, the applicable Rule 57 water-quality value is the human cancer value (HCV=0.26 ng/L),</p><p>In 2002, U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) cooperatively planned and executed a monitoring program for PCBs in water and sediment from the Pere Marquette River and Muskegon River watersheds. The Pere Marquette and Muskegon River are in the west central part of Michigan's Lower Peninsula (fig. 1). The Pere Marquette River watershed is about 750 square miles, and the Muskegon River is about 2700 square miles. Both rivers are popular recreational waters, and the Pere Marquette River is a Michigan designated Natural River (Part 305 of the Natural Rivers and Environmental Protection Act 451 of 1994).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041088","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Michigan Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Fogarty, L., 2005, PCB concentrations in Pere Marquette River and Muskegon River watersheds, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1088, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041088.","productDescription":"28 p.","numberOfPages":"30","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20041088.png"},{"id":268911,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1088/OFR_2004-1088.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Muskegon River watershed, Pere Marquette River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.6326904296875,\n              42.633958722673164\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.6326904296875,\n              44.555249259710656\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.48486328124999,\n              44.555249259710656\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.48486328124999,\n              42.633958722673164\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.6326904296875,\n              42.633958722673164\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5139c4f9e4b09608cc166b2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R.","contributorId":74074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70045832,"text":"70045832 - 2005 - Mineral of the month: potash","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-07T10:51:07","indexId":"70045832","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1829,"text":"Geotimes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral of the month: potash","docAbstract":"In 1807, Sir Humphrey Davy discovered a metal during the electrolysis of potassium hydroxide; he named the metal potassium because it came from potash recovered from wood ashes. The four types of potash are the water-soluble compounds potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium-magnesium sulfate and potassium nitrate. The early uses of potash were in glass and soap manufacturing, as a diuretic, and another form was used in gunpowder.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geotimes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGI","usgsCitation":"Searls, J.P., 2005, Mineral of the month: potash: Geotimes, v. 2005, no. February, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":271943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271942,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.geotimes.org/feb05/resources.html#mineral"}],"volume":"2005","issue":"February","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518a226ce4b061e1bd5333ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Searls, James P.","contributorId":95868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Searls","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70006449,"text":"70006449 - 2005 - An evaluation of effects of groundwater exchange on nearshore habitats and water quality of western Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T09:50:41","indexId":"70006449","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-19T09:44:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of effects of groundwater exchange on nearshore habitats and water quality of western Lake Erie","docAbstract":"<p>Historically, the high potentiometric surface of groundwater in the Silurian/Devonian carbonate aquifer in Monroe County, MI resulted in discharge of highly mineralized, SO<sub>4</sub>-rich groundwater to the Lake Erie shoreline near both Erie State Game Area (ESGA) and Pointe Mouillee State Game Area (PMSGA). Recently, regional groundwater levels near PMSGA have been drawn down as much as 45 m below lake level in apparent response to quarry dewatering. From August to November of 2003, we conducted preliminary studies of groundwater flow dynamics and chemistry, shallow lake water chemistry, and fish and invertebrate communities at both sites. Consistent with regional observations, groundwater flow direction in the nearshore at ESGA was upward, or toward Lake Erie, and shallow nearshore groundwater chemistry was influenced by regional groundwater chemistry. In contrast, at PMSGA, the groundwater flow potential was downward and lake water, influenced by quarry discharge seeping downward into nearshore sediments, produced a different lake and shallow groundwater chemistry than at ESGA. Although the invertebrate and young fish community was similar at the two sites, taxonomic groups tolerant of degraded water quality were more prevalent at PMSGA. Sensitive taxa were more prevalent at ESGA. We propose a conceptual model, based on well-described models of groundwater/seawater interaction along coastal margins, to describe the interconnection among geologic, hydrologic, chemical, and biological processes in the different nearshore habitats of Lake Erie, and we identify processes that warrant further detailed study in the Great Lakes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(05)70289-6","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., Neff, B., Rosenberry, D.O., Savino, J.F., and Lundstrom, S.C., 2005, An evaluation of effects of groundwater exchange on nearshore habitats and water quality of western Lake Erie: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 31, p. 45-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(05)70289-6.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"63","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":257989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","volume":"31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea4ae4b0c8380cd48769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neff, Brian P.","contributorId":27548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neff","given":"Brian P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savino, Jacqueline F. jsavino@usgs.gov","contributorId":2213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savino","given":"Jacqueline","email":"jsavino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lundstrom, Scott C. 0000-0003-4149-2219 sclundst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-2219","contributorId":2446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstrom","given":"Scott","email":"sclundst@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037974,"text":"70037974 - 2005 - Elevations and Distances","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-05T09:41:54","indexId":"70037974","displayToPublicDate":"2012-04-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Elevations and Distances","docAbstract":"Photographs and other images of the Earth taken from the air and from space show a great deal about the planet's landforms, vegetation, and resources. Aerial and satellite images, known as remotely sensed images, permit accurate mapping of land cover and make landscape features understandable on regional, continental, and even global scales. Transient phenomena, such as seasonal vegetation vigor and contaminant discharges, can be studied by comparing images acquired at different times. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), which began using aerial photographs for mapping in the 1930's, archives photographs from its mapping projects and from those of some other Federal agencies. In addition, many images from such space programs as Landsat, begun in 1972, are held by the USGS. Most satellite scenes can be obtained only in digital form for use in computer-based image processing and geographic information systems, but in some cases are also available as photographic products.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70037974","collaboration":"Archived Publication--Most of the information contained in this publication is no longer current and is not expected to be updated.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Elevations and Distances: General Information Product, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/70037974.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":254451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70037974.gif"},{"id":254445,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/Elevations-Distances/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":286857,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/Elevations-Distances/elvadist.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08cfe4b0c8380cd51ca8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037972,"text":"70037972 - 2005 - Maps of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:33","indexId":"70037972","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T21:52:03","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Maps of the United States","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) sells a variety of maps of the United States. Who needs these maps? Students, land planners, politicians, teachers, marketing specialists, delivery companies, authors and illustrators, attorneys, railroad enthusiasts, travelers, Government agencies, military recruiters, newspapers, map collectors, truckers, boaters, hikers, sales representatives, communication specialists. Everybody. Users of these maps range from a corporation planning a regional expansion or a national marketing campaign, to a person who wants a decoration to hang on the wall. If you are not sure which map best meets your needs, call the Earth Science Information Center for assistance.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70037972","collaboration":"Archived Publication--Most of the information contained in this publication is no longer current and is not expected to be updated.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Maps of the United States: General Information Product, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/70037972.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":254446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":254443,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/mapsofus/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a50cee4b0c8380cd6b92e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037971,"text":"70037971 - 2005 - Partnerships for progress at the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-05T09:44:59","indexId":"70037971","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T21:43:08","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Partnerships for progress at the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"This is about opportunity for the private sector. It is about combining the research capabilities of Government scientists with the commercial development potential of private companies. It is, consequently, about partnerships leading to products and services to enhance the quality of life and strengthen the American economy. The image at the left shows a computer screen image of Washington, DC using RevPG software for map revision.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70037971","collaboration":"Archived Publication--Most of the information contained in this publication is no longer current and is not expected to be updated.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Partnerships for progress at the U.S. Geological Survey: General Information Product, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/70037971.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":254447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70037971.gif"},{"id":254442,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/partnerships/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":286858,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/partnerships/partner.html"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a756be4b0c8380cd77b32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037962,"text":"70037962 - 2005 - USGS maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-30T16:43:33","indexId":"70037962","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T21:33:51","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"USGS maps","docAbstract":"Discover a small sample of the millions of maps produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in its mission to map the Nation and survey its resources. This booklet gives a brief overview of the types of maps sold and distributed by the USGS through its Earth Science Information Centers (ESIC) and also available from business partners located in most States. The USGS provides a wide variety of maps, from topographic maps showing the geographic relief and thematic maps displaying the geology and water resources of the United States, to special studies of the moon and planets.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70037962","collaboration":"Archived Publication--Most of the information contained in this publication is no longer current and is not expected to be updated.","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, USGS maps: General Information Product, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/70037962.","productDescription":"HTML Document","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":254449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":254440,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/usgsmaps/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbbd3e4b08c986b328862","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039143,"text":"70039143 - 2005 - The Colorado Plateau II: biophysical, socioeconomic, and cultural research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T14:21:11","indexId":"70039143","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T21:11:50","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"The Colorado Plateau II: biophysical, socioeconomic, and cultural research","docAbstract":"The publication of The Colorado Plateau: Cultural, Biological, and Physical Research in 2004 marked a timely summation of current research in the Four Corners states. This new volume, derived from the seventh Biennial Conference on the Colorado Plateau in 2003, complements the previous book by focusing on the integration of science into resource management issues. The 32 chapters range in content from measuring human impacts on cultural resources, through grazing and the wildland-urban interface issues, to parameters of climate change on the Plateau. The book also introduces economic perspectives by considering shifting patterns and regional disparities in the Colorado Plateau economy. A series of chapters on mountain lions explores the human-wildland interface. These chapters deal with the entire spectrum of challenges associated with managing this large mammal species in Arizona and on the Colorado Plateau, conveying a wealth of timely information of interest to wildlife managers and enthusiasts. Another provocative set of chapters on biophysical resources explores the management of forest restoration, from the micro scale all the way up to large-scale GIS analyses of ponderosa pine ecosystems on the Colorado Plateau. Given recent concerns for forest health in the wake of fires, severe drought, and bark-beetle infestation, these chapters will prove enlightening for forest service, park service, and land management professionals at both the federal and state level, as well as general readers interested in how forest management practices will ultimately affect their recreation activities. With broad coverage that touches on topics as diverse as movement patterns of rattlesnakes, calculating watersheds, and rescuing looted rockshelters, this volume stands as a compendium of cutting-edge research on the Colorado Plateau that offers a wealth of insights for many scholars.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Arizona Press","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","usgsCitation":"Mattson, D.J., 2005, The Colorado Plateau II: biophysical, socioeconomic, and cultural research, xii, 448 p. : ill., maps ; 26 cm.","productDescription":"xii, 448 p. : ill., maps ; 26 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":259044,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.uapress.arizona.edu/Books/bid1622.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah;Colorado;Arizona;New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plato","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba6d7e4b08c986b3212b2","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":509032,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mattson, David J. david_mattson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"David","email":"david_mattson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":465676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047300,"text":"70047300 - 2005 - A history of the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey: vol. VIII 1979-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T07:26:51","indexId":"70047300","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"A history of the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey: vol. VIII 1979-94","docAbstract":"The mission of the Water Resources Division (WAD) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is to provide the hydrologic information and understanding needed for the optimum use and management of the Nation·s water resources for the overall benefit of the people of the United States.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/70047300","usgsCitation":"Blakey, J.F., Biesecker, J.E., Feltz, H.R., Kantrowitz, I.H., Yong, L.E., and and others, 2005, A history of the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey: vol. VIII 1979-94, vi, 599 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70047300.","productDescription":"vi, 599 p.","numberOfPages":"606","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047300/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":288396,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047300/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e05fe4b0cecbe8fa984c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakey, James F.","contributorId":65550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biesecker, James E.","contributorId":104042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biesecker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feltz, Herman R.","contributorId":49104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feltz","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kantrowitz, Irwin H.","contributorId":93472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kantrowitz","given":"Irwin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yong, Loren E.","contributorId":88634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yong","given":"Loren","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":535570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70039164,"text":"70039164 - 2005 - Topographic map symbols","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-30T08:49:32","indexId":"70039164","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T09:23:45","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Topographic map symbols","docAbstract":"Interpreting the colored lines, areas, and other symbols is the first step in using topographic maps. Features are shown as points, lines, or areas, depending on their size and extent. For example, individual houses may be shown as small black squares. For larger buildings, the actual shapes are mapped. In densely built-up areas, most individual buildings are omitted and an area tint is shown. On some maps, post offices, churches, city halls, and other landmark buildings are shown within the tinted area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039164","isbn":"0-607-96942-3","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Topographic map symbols: General Information Product, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039164.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":259097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70039164.gif"},{"id":259095,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/TopographicMapSymbols/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281687,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/TopographicMapSymbols/topomapsymbols.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb4d1e4b08c986b32656d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70174101,"text":"70174101 - 2005 - Distribution and abundance of black bass in Skiatook Lake, Oklahoma, after introduction of smallmouth bass and a liberalized harvest regulation on spotted bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-27T16:44:46","indexId":"70174101","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-09T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of black bass in Skiatook Lake, Oklahoma, after introduction of smallmouth bass and a liberalized harvest regulation on spotted bass","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">We conducted a 3-year study to examine the trends in abundance and distribution of three sympatric black bass species (<i>Micropterus</i>) in an Oklahoma reservoir after implementation of a differential harvest regulation to reduce the abundance of spotted bass M. punctulatus and after stocking nonnative smallmouth bass <i>M. dolomieu</i>. Largemouth bass <i>M. salmoides</i> were stocked in Skiatook Lake, Oklahoma, immediately after its creation in 1984 to supplement the existing population in the watershed. Nonnative smallmouth bass were stocked in 1990, and their abundance and distribution have increased ever since. Native spotted bass, which have less fishery value than the other two black bass species, increased fivefold in abundance in 1994, became the predominant black bass species by at least 1996, and appeared to displace largemouth bass from many habitats. From boat-mounted electrofishing sampling conducted in April and May 1997&ndash;1999, we found that spotted bass abundance (proportion and catch per hour) had decreased while smallmouth bass abundance and distribution within the reservoir steadily increased. Largemouth bass abundance did not change among years. Throughout our study period, spotted bass was always the most abundant black bass species where differences in abundance were found. Our results suggest that the continually expanding smallmouth bass population is displacing spotted bass from many of their formerly used habitats, much like spotted bass had displaced largemouth bass by 1996.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/M03-186.1","usgsCitation":"Long, J.M., and Fisher, W.L., 2005, Distribution and abundance of black bass in Skiatook Lake, Oklahoma, after introduction of smallmouth bass and a liberalized harvest regulation on spotted bass: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 25, no. 1, p. 49-56, https://doi.org/10.1577/M03-186.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":324481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Skiatook Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": 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James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, William L. wfisher@usgs.gov","contributorId":1229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"William","email":"wfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":640904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224634,"text":"5224634 - 2005 - Population size and winter distribution of eastern American oystercatchers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-26T14:49:29.023309","indexId":"5224634","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population size and winter distribution of eastern American oystercatchers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Conservation of the eastern subspecies of the American oystercatcher (</span><i><span class=\"genus-species\">Haematopus palliatus palliatus</span></i><span>) is a high priority in the U.S. Shorebird Conservation Plan, but previous population estimates were unreliable, information on distribution and habitat associations during winter was incomplete, and methods for long-term monitoring had not been developed prior to this survey. We completed the aerial survey proposed in the U.S. Shorebird Conservation Plan to determine population size, winter distribution, and habitat associations. We conducted coastal aerial surveys from New Jersey to Texas during November 2002 to February 2003. This area comprised the entire wintering range of the eastern American oystercatcher within the United States. Surveys covered all suitable habitat in the United States for the subspecies, partitioned into 3 survey strata: known roost sites, high-use habitat, and inter-coastal tidal habitat. We determined known roost sites from extensive consultation with biologists and local experts in each state. High-use habitat included sand islands, sand spits at inlets, shell rakes, and oyster reefs. Partner organizations conducted ground counts in most states. We used high resolution still photography to determine detection rates for estimates of the number of birds in particular flocks, and we used ground counts to determine detection rates of flocks. Using a combination of ground and aerial counts, we estimated the population of eastern American oystercatchers to be 10,971 /− 298. Aerial surveys can serve an important management function for shorebirds and possibly other coastal waterbirds by providing population status and trend information across a wide geographic scale.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2005)69[1538:PSAWDO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Brown, S.C., Schulte, S., Harrington, B., Winn, B., Bart, J., and Howe, M., 2005, Population size and winter distribution of eastern American oystercatchers: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 69, no. 4, p. 1538-1545, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2005)69[1538:PSAWDO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1538","endPage":"1545","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201869,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db636a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Stephen C.","contributorId":38457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schulte, Shiloh A.","contributorId":39911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulte","given":"Shiloh A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrington, B.","contributorId":17947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrington","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winn, Brad","contributorId":90852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winn","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bart, Jonathan jon_bart@usgs.gov","contributorId":57025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"Jonathan","email":"jon_bart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Howe, Marshall","contributorId":146168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howe","given":"Marshall","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5224892,"text":"5224892 - 2005 - Post-harvest field manipulations to conserve waste rice for waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224892","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-harvest field manipulations to conserve waste rice for waterfowl","docAbstract":"Rice seeds escaping collection by combines during harvest (hereafter, waste rice) provide quality forage for migrating and wintering waterfowl in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) and other rice growing regions in the United States.  Recent sample surveys across the MAV have revealed abundance of waste rice in fields declined an average of 71% between harvest and late autumn.  Thus, we evaluated the ability of common post-harvest, field-management practices to conserve waste rice for waterfowl until early winter via controlled experiments in Mississippi rice test plots in 2001 and 2003 and analyses of data from MAV-wide surveys of waste rice in rice production fields in 2000-2002. Our experiments indicated test plots with burned rice stubble that were not flooded during autumn contained more waste rice than other treatments in 2001 (P?0.10).  Waste-rice abundance in test plots did not differ among postharvest treatments in 2003 (P = 0.97).  Our analyses of data from the MAV sample surveys did not detect differences in abundance of waste rice among fields burned, rolled, disked, or left in standing stubble post-harvest (P?0.04; Bonferroni corrected critical ( a= 0.017).  Because results from test-plot experiments were inconclusive, we based our primary inference regarding best post-harvest treatments on patterns of rice abundance identified from the MAV surveys and previously documented environmental and agronomic benefits of managing harvested rice fields for wintering waterfowl.  Therefore, we recommend leaving standing stubble in rice fields after harvest as a preliminary beneficial management practice.  We suggest future research evaluate potential of postharvest practices to conserve waste rice for waterfowl and reduce straw in production rice fields managed for wintering waterfowl throughout the MAV.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6981_Stafford.pdf","usgsCitation":"Stafford, J., Kaminski, R., Reinecke, K.J., Kurtz, M., and Manley, S., 2005, Post-harvest field manipulations to conserve waste rice for waterfowl: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 59, p. 155-163.","productDescription":"155-163","startPage":"155","endPage":"163","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17485,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://24.73.102.130/resource/dynamic/private/PDF/stafford-155-163.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":202248,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683ae1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stafford, J.D.","contributorId":37440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaminski, R.M.","contributorId":53330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminski","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reinecke, K. J.","contributorId":54537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kurtz, M.E.","contributorId":107401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurtz","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manley, S.W.","contributorId":13716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manley","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224781,"text":"5224781 - 2005 - [Book review] Massachusetts breeding bird atlas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T13:25:01","indexId":"5224781","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] Massachusetts breeding bird atlas","docAbstract":"<p><span>A glance at the dust jacket of this handsome volume drives home the conservation message that breeding bird atlases are designed to promote—that bird populations are changing over vast areas and, unless we become aware of changes in status and take remedial action, some species will disappear from our neighborhoods and even our county or state. A case in point involves the closely related Golden-winged Warbler (</span><i>Vermivora chrysoptera</i><span>) and Blue- winged Warbler (</span><i>Vermivora pinus</i><span>). The males are shown in the atlas with their breeding distribution maps. When I was an active birder in the Boston suburbs in the 1930s, the Golden-winged Warbler was a common breeder and it was a treat to find a Blue-winged Warbler. The atlas map 40 years later (1974–1979) shows only five confirmed records statewide for the Golden-winged Warbler, compared with 73 for the Blue-winged Warbler, and the Golden-winged Warbler is now listed as endangered by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. Nationally, it is a species of management concern.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1642/0004-8038(2005)122[1305:MBBA]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C.S., 2005, [Book review] Massachusetts breeding bird atlas: The Auk, v. 122, no. 4, p. 1305-1307, https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2005)122[1305:MBBA]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1305","endPage":"1307","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477614,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2005)122[1305:mbba]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":197991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"4","publicComments":"Review of: <i>Massachusetts Breeding Bird Atlas. Edited by Wayne R. Petersen and W. Roger Meservey. 2003. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, Massachusetts. 441 pp., 225 watercolor paintings by John Sill and Barry Van Dusen, 198 range maps, 2 appendices. ISBN 1-55849-420-0. Cloth.</i>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4893e4b07f02db520ba2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, Chandler S. crobbins@usgs.gov","contributorId":4275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Chandler","email":"crobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224843,"text":"5224843 - 2005 - Using Christmas Bird Count data to assess population dynamics and trends of waterbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:08","indexId":"5224843","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:53","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using Christmas Bird Count data to assess population dynamics and trends of waterbirds","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6858_Butcher.pdf","usgsCitation":"Butcher, G., Niven, D., and Sauer, J., 2005, Using Christmas Bird Count data to assess population dynamics and trends of waterbirds: American Birds, v. 59, no. 105th Christmas Bird, p. 23-25.","productDescription":"23-25","startPage":"23","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17484,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.audubon.org/bird/cbc/pdf/AB_105_PopDynamics.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":195986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"105th Christmas Bird","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603d1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butcher, G.S.","contributorId":94759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butcher","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niven, D.K.","contributorId":21247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niven","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224601,"text":"5224601 - 2005 - Groundwater control of mangrove surface elevation: shrink and swell varies with soil depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:31","indexId":"5224601","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:51","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater control of mangrove surface elevation: shrink and swell varies with soil depth","docAbstract":"We measured monthly soil surface elevation change and determined its relationship to groundwater changes at a mangrove forest site along Shark River, Everglades National Park, Florida.  We combined the use of an original design, surface elevation table with new rod-surface elevation tables to separately track changes in the mid zone (0?4 m), the shallow root zone (0?0.35 m), and the full sediment profile (0?6 m) in response to site hydrology (daily river stage and groundwater piezometric pressure).  We calculated expansion and contraction for each of the four constituent soil zones (surface [accretion and erosion; above 0 m], shallow zone [0?0.35 m], middle zone [0.35?4 m], and bottom zone [4?6 m]) that comprise the entire soil column.  Changes in groundwater pressure correlated strongly with changes in soil elevation for the entire profile (Adjusted R2 5 0.90); this relationship was not proportional to the depth of the soil profile sampled.  The change in thickness of the bottom soil zone accounted for the majority (R2 5 0.63) of the entire soil profile expansion and contraction. The influence of hydrology on specific soil zones and absolute elevation change must be considered when evaluating the effect of disturbances, sea level rise, and water management decisions on coastal wetland systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/BF02696013","collaboration":"6480_Whelan.pdf","usgsCitation":"Whelan, K., Smith, T.J., Cahoon, D.R., Lynch, J., and Anderson, G., 2005, Groundwater control of mangrove surface elevation: shrink and swell varies with soil depth: Estuaries, v. 28, no. 6, p. 833-843, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02696013.","productDescription":"833-843","startPage":"833","endPage":"843","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17417,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02696013","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a70e4b07f02db641609","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whelan, K.R.T.","contributorId":11311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"K.R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, T. J. III","contributorId":24303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"T.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":65424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lynch, J.C.","contributorId":25104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, G.H.","contributorId":93601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224626,"text":"5224626 - 2005 - Agronomie implications of waterfowl management in Mississippi ricefields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-07T13:43:35.479618","indexId":"5224626","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:51","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Agronomie implications of waterfowl management in Mississippi ricefields","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ricefields are important foraging habitat for waterfowl and other waterbirds in several North American wintering areas, including the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV). Rice growers are likely to adopt management practices that provide habitat for waterfowl if agronomic benefits also occur. Therefore, we conducted a replicated field experiment during autumn through spring 1995–1997 to study effects of postharvest field treatment and winter-water management on agronomic variables including biomass of residual rice straw, cool-season grasses and forbs (i.e., winter weeds), and viability of red rice (</span><i>oryza sativa</i><span>&nbsp;var.). The treatment combination of postharvest disking and flooding until early March reduced straw 68%, from 9,938 kg/ha after harvest to 3,209 kg/ha in spring. Treatment combinations that included flooding until early March were most effective in suppressing winter weeds and decreased their biomass in spring by 83% when compared to the average of other treatment combinations. Effects of treatment combinations on spring viability of red rice differed between winters, but no significant effects were found within winters. Autumn disking followed by flooding until early March reduced rice straw and suppressed winter weeds the most, but with additional costs. To obtain the most agronomic benefits, we recommend that rice growers forgo autumn disking and flood fields until early March, which will provide moderate straw reduction, good weed suppression, and predicted savings of $22.24–62.93/ha (U.S.) ($9.00–25.47/ac). Maintenance of floods on ricefields until early March also benefits waterfowl and other waterbirds by providing foraging habitat throughout winter.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[981:AIOWMI]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Manley, S.W., Kaminski, R.M., Reinecke, K.J., and Gerard, P., 2005, Agronomie implications of waterfowl management in Mississippi ricefields: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 33, no. 3, p. 981-992, https://doi.org/10.2193/0091-7648(2005)33[981:AIOWMI]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"981","endPage":"992","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":5224588,"text":"5224588 - 2005 - Vulnerability of northern prairie wetlands to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-07T16:32:16.796559","indexId":"5224588","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:49","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vulnerability of northern prairie wetlands to climate change","docAbstract":"The prairie pothole region (PPR) lies in the heart of North America and contains millions of glacially formed, depressional wetlands embedded in a landscape matrix of natural grassland and agriculture.  These wetlands provide valuable ecosystem services and produce 50% to 80% of the continent's ducks.  We explored the broad spatial and temporal patterns across the PPR between climate and wetland water levels and vegetation by applying a wetland simulation model (WETSIM) to 18 stations with 95-year weather records.  Simulations suggest that the most productive habitat for breeding waterfowl would shift under a drier climate from the center of the PPR (the Dakotas and southeastern Saskatchewan) to the wetter eastern and northern fringes, areas currently less productive or where most wetlands have been drained.  Unless these wetlands are protected and restored, there is little insurance for waterfowl against future climate warming.  WETSIM can assist wetland managers in allocating restoration dollars in an uncertain climate future.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0863:VONPWT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Johnson, W., Millett, B., Gilmanov, T., Voldseth, R.A., Guntenspergen, G.R., and Naugle, D., 2005, Vulnerability of northern prairie wetlands to climate change: BioScience, v. 55, no. 10, p. 863-872, https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0863:VONPWT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"863","endPage":"872","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477617,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0863:vonpwt]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":196337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Iowa, Manitoba, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Potholes region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.625,\n              44.402391829093915\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.6474609375,\n              41.1455697310095\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.1865234375,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.8671875,\n              47.040182144806664\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.1962890625,\n              50.064191736659104\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.6357421875,\n              50.764259357116465\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.20703125,\n              51.56341232867588\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.61328125,\n              51.01375465718821\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.8544921875,\n              50.958426723359935\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.6416015625,\n              53.25206880589411\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.1474609375,\n              51.6180165487737\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.2578125,\n              48.951366470947725\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4453125,\n              47.040182144806664\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.28125,\n              47.78363463526376\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.4248046875,\n              47.60616304386874\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.7333984375,\n              46.98025235521883\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.5029296875,\n              45.61403741135093\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.4482421875,\n              43.26120612479979\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.6025390625,\n              41.86956082699455\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.5810546875,\n              44.24519901522129\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.625,\n              44.402391829093915\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd5da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, W. Carter","contributorId":97237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W. Carter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millett, Bruce","contributorId":102194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millett","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmanov, Tagir","contributorId":6351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmanov","given":"Tagir","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voldseth, Richard A.","contributorId":98453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voldseth","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Naugle, David E.","contributorId":255114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naugle","given":"David E.","affiliations":[{"id":51432,"text":"W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":342003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5224587,"text":"5224587 - 2005 - Reach-scale effects of riparian forest cover on urban stream ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:33","indexId":"5224587","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:49","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reach-scale effects of riparian forest cover on urban stream ecosystems","docAbstract":"We compared habitat and biota between paired open and forested reaches within five small streams (basin area 10?20 km2) in suburban catchments (9%?49% urban land cover) in the Piedmont of Georgia, USA.  Stream reaches with open canopies were narrower than forested reaches (4.1 versus 5.0 m, respectively).  There were no differences in habitat diversity (variation in velocity, depth, or bed particle size) between open and forested reaches.  However, absence of local forest cover corresponded to decreased large wood and increased algal chlorophyll a standing crop biomass.  These differences in basal food resources translated into higher densities of fishes in open (9.0 individuals?m?2) versus forested (4.9 individuals?m?2) reaches, primarily attributed to higher densities of the herbivore Campostoma oligolepis.  Densities of terrestrial invertebrate inputs were higher in open reaches; however, trends suggested higher biomass of terrestrial inputs in forested reaches and a corresponding higher density of terrestrial prey consumed by water column feeding fishes.  Reach-scale biotic integrity (macroinvertebrates, salamanders, and fishes) was largely unaffected by differences in canopy cover.  In urbanizing areas where catchment land cover drives habitat and biotic quality, management practices that rely exclusively on forested riparian areas for stream protection are unlikely to be effective at maintaining ecosystem integrity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6461_Roy.pdf","usgsCitation":"Roy, A., Faust, C., Freeman, M.C., and Meyer, J., 2005, Reach-scale effects of riparian forest cover on urban stream ecosystems: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 62, no. 10, p. 2312-2329.","productDescription":"2312-2329","startPage":"2312","endPage":"2329","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17369,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://rparticle.web-p.cisti.nrc.ca/rparticle/AbstractTemplateServlet?calyLang=eng&journal=cjfas&volume=62&year=0&issue=10&msno=f05-135","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"62","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db68439f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roy, A.H.","contributorId":24065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faust, C.L.","contributorId":57193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faust","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, J.L.","contributorId":73316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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