{"pageNumber":"1043","pageRowStart":"26050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46735,"records":[{"id":1001018,"text":"1001018 - 2003 - Comparison of spring measures of length, weight, and condition factor for predicting metamorphosis in two populations of sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) larvae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-19T16:48:31","indexId":"1001018","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of spring measures of length, weight, and condition factor for predicting metamorphosis in two populations of sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) larvae","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ability to predict when sea lampreys (</span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span>) will metamorphose from the larval phase to the parasitic phase is essential to the operation of the sea lamprey control program. During the spring of 1994, two populations of sea lamprey larvae from two rivers were captured, measured, weighed, implanted with coded wire tags, and returned to the same sites in the streams from which they were taken. Sea lampreys were recovered in the fall, after metamorphosis would have occurred, and checked for the presence of a tag. When the spring data were compared to the fall data it was found that the minimum requirements (length &ge; 120 mm, weight &ge; 3 g, and condition factor &ge; 1.50) suggested for metamorphosis did define a pool of larvae capable of metamorphosing. However, logistic regressions that relate the probability of metamorphosis to size are necessary to predict metamorphosis in a population. The data indicated, based on cross-validation, that weight measurements alone predicted metamorphosis with greater precision than length or condition factor in both the Marengo and Amnicon rivers. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion, weight alone was a better predictor in the Amnicon River, but length and condition factor combined predicted metamorphosis better in the Marengo River. There would be no additional cost if weight alone were used instead of length. However, if length and weight were measured the gain in predictive power would not be enough to justify the additional cost.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70489-4","usgsCitation":"Henson, M.P., Bergstedt, R.A., and Adams, J.V., 2003, Comparison of spring measures of length, weight, and condition factor for predicting metamorphosis in two populations of sea lampreys (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>) larvae: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, p. 204-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70489-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"204","endPage":"213","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henson, Mary P.","contributorId":74724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henson","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergstedt, Roger A. rbergstedt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstedt","given":"Roger","email":"rbergstedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1000840,"text":"1000840 - 2003 - In situ determination of the annual thermal habitat use by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-19T13:51:20","indexId":"1000840","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ determination of the annual thermal habitat use by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Huron","docAbstract":"<p>Records of the temperatures occupied by 33 lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) at large in Lake Huron were obtained for up to 14 months per fish, at 75-minute intervals, from surgically implanted archival temperature tags. The dataset covered nearly three years, from October 1998 to June 2001, and included 160,000 observations. The objectives of the tagging were to obtain temperature data to refine bioenergetics models of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) predation on lake trout, and compare the temperatures occupied by strains of lake trout stocked in Lake Huron. The seasonal, thermal-use profiles of lake trout followed the general warming and cooling pattern of Lake Huron. During periods when the zone of surface water mixing extended below the depth range occupied by lake trout, variability among individual fish and strains was low and followed surface temperature. However, during the period of summer stratification, the average temperatures occupied varied substantially among individual fish and strains. Strains originating from the upper Great Lakes (Lake Superior and Lewis Lake, WY) occupied similar temperatures. Between June and mid August, upper Great Lakes lake trout typically occupied water several degrees warmer than that occupied by lake trout of Finger Lakes, New York origin. Most of the lake trout occupied summer temperatures lower than the preferred temperatures suggested by laboratory studies. In October, all strains occupied water as warm or warmer than that occupied in summer, which may partially explain the higher lethality of sea lamprey attacks during October.</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bergstedt, R.A., Argyle, R.L., Seelye, J.G., Scribner, K.T., and Curtis, G.L., 2003, In situ determination of the annual thermal habitat use by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Huron: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, p. 347-361.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"347","endPage":"361","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5904","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergstedt, Roger A. rbergstedt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstedt","given":"Roger","email":"rbergstedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Argyle, Ray L.","contributorId":9993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Argyle","given":"Ray","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seelye, James G.","contributorId":69919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelye","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":95434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":309568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Curtis, Gary L.","contributorId":16356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1001008,"text":"1001008 - 2003 - Optimizing larval assessment to support sea lamprey control in the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-20T08:27:23","indexId":"1001008","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimizing larval assessment to support sea lamprey control in the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Elements of the larval sea lamprey (</span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span>) assessment program that most strongly influence the chemical treatment program were analyzed, including selection of streams for larval surveys, allocation of sampling effort among stream reaches, allocation of sampling effort among habitat types, estimation of daily growth rates, and estimation of metamorphosis rates, to determine how uncertainty in each element influenced the stream selection program. First, the stream selection model based on current larval assessment sampling protocol significantly underestimated transforming sea lam-prey abundance, transforming sea lampreys killed, and marginal costs per sea lamprey killed, compared to a protocol that included more years of data (especially for large streams). Second, larval density in streams varied significantly with Type-I habitat area, but not with total area or reach length. Third, the ratio of larval density between Type-I and Type-II habitat varied significantly among streams, and that the optimal allocation of sampling effort varied with the proportion of habitat types and variability of larval density within each habitat. Fourth, mean length varied significantly among streams and years. Last, size at metamorphosis varied more among years than within or among regions and that metamorphosis varied significantly among streams within regions. Study results indicate that: (1) the stream selection model should be used to identify streams with potentially high residual populations of larval sea lampreys; (2) larval sampling in Type-II habitat should be initiated in all streams by increasing sampling in Type-II habitat to 50% of the sampling effort in Type-I habitat; and (3) methods should be investigated to reduce uncertainty in estimates of sea lamprey production, with emphasis on those that reduce the uncertainty associated with larval length at the end of the growing season and those used to predict metamorphosis.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70530-9","usgsCitation":"Hansen, M.J., Adams, J.V., Cuddy, D.W., Richards, J.M., Fodale, M.F., Larson, G.L., Ollila, D.J., Slade, J., Steeves, T., Young, R.J., and Zerrenner, A., 2003, Optimizing larval assessment to support sea lamprey control in the Great Lakes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, p. 766-782, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70530-9.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"766","endPage":"782","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db681202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Michael J. 0000-0001-8522-3876 michaelhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-3876","contributorId":5006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Michael","email":"michaelhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cuddy, Douglas W.","contributorId":77474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuddy","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richards, Jessica M.","contributorId":66655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fodale, Michael F.","contributorId":18309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fodale","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larson, Geraldine L.","contributorId":49323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Geraldine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ollila, Dale J.","contributorId":53754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ollila","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Slade, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":44890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"Jeffrey W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Steeves, Todd B.","contributorId":62564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeves","given":"Todd B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Young, Robert J.","contributorId":31356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Zerrenner, Adam","contributorId":10011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zerrenner","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":1000997,"text":"1000997 - 2003 - Techniques and methods for estimating abundance of larval and metamorphosed sea lampreys in Great Lakes tributaries, 1995 to 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-20T09:11:16","indexId":"1000997","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Techniques and methods for estimating abundance of larval and metamorphosed sea lampreys in Great Lakes tributaries, 1995 to 2001","docAbstract":"<p>Before 1995, Great Lakes streams were selected for lampricide treatment based primarily on qualitative measures of the relative abundance of larval sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus. New integrated pest management approaches required standardized quantitative measures of sea lamprey. This paper evaluates historical larval assessment techniques and data and describes how new standardized methods for estimating abundance of larval and metamorphosed sea lampreys were developed and implemented. These new methods have been used to estimate larval and metamorphosed sea lamprey abundance in about 100 Great Lakes streams annually and to rank them for lampricide treatment since 1995. Implementation of these methods has provided a quantitative means of selecting streams for treatment based on treatment cost and estimated production of metamorphosed sea lampreys, provided managers with a tool to estimate potential recruitment of sea lampreys to the Great Lakes and the ability to measure the potential consequences of not treating streams, resulting in a more justifiable allocation of resources. The empirical data produced can also be used to simulate the impacts of various control scenarios.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70483-3","usgsCitation":"Slade, J., Adams, J.V., Christie, G.C., Cuddy, D.W., Fodale, M.F., Heinrich, J.W., Quinlan, H., Weise, J.G., Weisser, J.W., and Young, R.J., 2003, Techniques and methods for estimating abundance of larval and metamorphosed sea lampreys in Great Lakes tributaries, 1995 to 2001: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, no. Supplement 1, p. 137-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70483-3.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"151","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6861c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slade, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":44890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"Jeffrey W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Christie, Gavin C.","contributorId":13937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christie","given":"Gavin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cuddy, Douglas W.","contributorId":77474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuddy","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fodale, Michael F.","contributorId":18309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fodale","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heinrich, John W.","contributorId":63754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinrich","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Quinlan, Henry R.","contributorId":93447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinlan","given":"Henry R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Weise, Jerry G.","contributorId":94269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weise","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Weisser, John W.","contributorId":95423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weisser","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Young, Robert J.","contributorId":31356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":1000996,"text":"1000996 - 2003 - Planning and executing a lampricide treatment of the St. Marys River using georeferenced data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:45","indexId":"1000996","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Planning and executing a lampricide treatment of the St. Marys River using georeferenced data","docAbstract":"The St. Marys River is believed to be the primary source of sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) in Lake Huron. Planning or evaluating lampricide treatments required knowing where lampricides could effectively be placed and where larvae were located. Accurate maps of larval density were therefore critical to formulating or evaluating management strategies using lampricides. Larval abundance was systematically assessed with a deepwater electrofishing device at 12,000 georeferenced locations during 1993 to 1996. Maps were produced from catches at those locations, providing georeferenced detail previously unavailable. Catches were processed with a geographic information system (GIS), to create a map of larval density. Whole-river treatment scenarios using TFM (3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) were evaluated by combining the map with one of lethal conditions predicted by a lampricide-transport model. The map was also used to evaluate spot treatment scenarios with a granular, bottom-release formulation of another lampricide, Bayluscide (2',5-dichloro-4'-nitro-salicylanilide). Potential high-density plots for Bayluscide treatment were selected from the map and estimates of area, cost, and larval population were developed using the GIS. Plots were ranked by the cost per larva killed. Spot treatments were found to be more cost effective than a conventional TFM treatment and Bayluscide was applied to 82 ha in 1998 and 759 ha in 1999. Effectiveness was estimated with stratified-random sampling before and after treatment in 1999 at 35%. Ten percent already had been removed in 1998, for a total reduction of 45% percent. This marked a change in how research and planning were combined in sea lamprey management to minimize treatment costs and evaluate success.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Fodale, M.F., Bergstedt, R.A., Cuddy, D.W., Adams, J.V., and Stolyarenko, D.A., 2003, Planning and executing a lampricide treatment of the St. Marys River using georeferenced data: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, p. 706-716.","productDescription":"p. 706-716","startPage":"706","endPage":"716","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db68521e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fodale, Michael F.","contributorId":18309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fodale","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergstedt, Roger A. rbergstedt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstedt","given":"Roger","email":"rbergstedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cuddy, Douglas W.","contributorId":77474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuddy","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":310133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stolyarenko, Dimitri A.","contributorId":8813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolyarenko","given":"Dimitri","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1000981,"text":"1000981 - 2003 - An enhanced cluster analysis program with bootstrap significance testing for ecological community analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-04T16:20:09","indexId":"1000981","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An enhanced cluster analysis program with bootstrap significance testing for ecological community analysis","docAbstract":"The biosphere is filled with complex living patterns and important questions about biodiversity and community and ecosystem ecology are concerned with structure and function of multispecies systems that are responsible for those patterns.  Cluster analysis identifies discrete groups within multivariate data and is an effective method of coping with these complexities, but often suffers from subjective identification of groups.  The bootstrap testing method greatly improves objective significance determination for cluster analysis.  The BOOTCLUS program makes cluster analysis that reliably identifies real patterns within a data set more  accessible and easier to use than previously available programs.  A variety of analysis options and rapid re-analysis provide a means to quickly evaluate several aspects of a data set.  Interpretation is influenced by sampling design and a priori designation of samples into replicate groups, and ultimately relies on the researcher's knowledge of the organisms and their environment. However, the BOOTCLUS program provides reliable, objectively determined groupings of multivariate data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Modelling and Software","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S1364-8152(02)00094-4","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., 2003, An enhanced cluster analysis program with bootstrap significance testing for ecological community analysis: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 18, no. 3, p. 205-220, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-8152(02)00094-4.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"205","endPage":"220","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":265839,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1364-8152(02)00094-4"},{"id":133323,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db684a45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, J.E. Jr.","contributorId":106065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"J.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1000961,"text":"1000961 - 2003 - Relative contributions of sampling effort, measuring, and weighing to precision of larval sea lamprey biomass estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-20T11:16:54","indexId":"1000961","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative contributions of sampling effort, measuring, and weighing to precision of larval sea lamprey biomass estimates","docAbstract":"<p><span>We developed two weight-length models from 231 populations of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) collected from tributaries of the Great Lakes: Lake Ontario (21), Lake Erie (6), Lake Huron (67), Lake Michigan (76), and Lake Superior (61). Both models were mixed models, which used population as a random effect and additional environmental factors as fixed effects. We resampled weights and lengths 1,000 times from data collected in each of 14 other populations not used to develop the models, obtaining a weight and length distribution from reach resampling. To test model performance, we applied the two weight-length models to the resampled length distributions and calculated the predicted mean weights. We also calculated the observed mean weight for each resampling and for each of the original 14 data sets. When the average of predicted means was compared to means from the original data in each stream, inclusion of environmental factors did not consistently improve the performance of the weight-length model. We estimated the variance associated with measures of abundance and mean weight for each of the 14 selected populations and determined that a conservative estimate of the proportional contribution to variance associated with estimating abundance accounted for 32% to 95% of the variance (mean = 66%). Variability in the biomass estimate appears more affected by variability in estimating abundance than in converting length to weight. Hence, efforts to improve the precision of biomass estimates would be aided most by reducing the variability associated with estimating abundance.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70482-1","usgsCitation":"Slade, J., Adams, J.V., Cuddy, D.W., Neave, F.B., Sullivan, W.P., Young, R.J., Fodale, M.F., and Jones, M., 2003, Relative contributions of sampling effort, measuring, and weighing to precision of larval sea lamprey biomass estimates: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, no. Supplement 1, p. 130-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70482-1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"130","endPage":"136","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133552,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slade, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":44890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"Jeffrey W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cuddy, Douglas W.","contributorId":77474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cuddy","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neave, Fraser B.","contributorId":102440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neave","given":"Fraser","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sullivan, W. Paul","contributorId":77109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Young, Robert J.","contributorId":31356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fodale, Michael F.","contributorId":18309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fodale","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":7219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":309995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":1000949,"text":"1000949 - 2003 - Classifying sea lamprey marks on Great Lakes lake trout: observer agreement, evidence on healing times between classes and recommendations for reporting of marking statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-23T09:27:22","indexId":"1000949","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Classifying sea lamprey marks on Great Lakes lake trout: observer agreement, evidence on healing times between classes and recommendations for reporting of marking statistics","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 1997 and 1998 two workshops were held to evaluate how consistent observers were at classifying sea lamprey (</span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span>) marks on Great Lakes lake trout (</span><i>Salvelinus namaycush</i><span>) as described in the King classification system. Two trials were held at each workshop, with group discussion between trials. Variation in counting and classifying marks was considerable, such that reporting rates for A1&ndash;A3 marks varied two to three-fold among observers of the same lake trout. Observer variation was greater for classification of healing or healed marks than for fresh marks. The workshops highlighted, as causes for inconsistent mark classification, both departures from the accepted protocol for classifying marks by some agencies, and differences in how sliding and multiple marks were interpreted. Group discussions led to greater agreement in classifying marks. We recommend ways to improve the reliability of marking statistics, including the use of a dichotomous key to classify marks. Laboratory data show that healing times of marks on lake trout were much longer at 4&deg;C and 1&deg;C than at 10&deg;C and varied greatly among individuals. Reported A1&ndash;A3 and B1&ndash;B3 marks observed in late summer and fall collections likely result from a mixture of attacks by two year classes of sea lamprey. It is likely that a substantial but highly uncertain proportion of attacks that occur in late summer and fall lead to marks that are classified as A1&ndash;A3 the next spring. We recommend additional research on mark stage duration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70494-8","usgsCitation":"Ebener, M.P., Bence, J., Bergstedt, R.A., and Mullet, K.M., 2003, Classifying sea lamprey marks on Great Lakes lake trout: observer agreement, evidence on healing times between classes and recommendations for reporting of marking statistics: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, no. Supplement 1, p. 283-296, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(03)70494-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"296","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"Supplement 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672b68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebener, Mark P.","contributorId":25099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebener","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12957,"text":"Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":309938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bence, James R.","contributorId":95026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bence","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":309939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bergstedt, Roger A. rbergstedt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstedt","given":"Roger","email":"rbergstedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mullet, Katherine M.","contributorId":103633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullet","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1002925,"text":"1002925 - 2003 - Environmental fate and effects of the lampricide TFM: a review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:22","indexId":"1002925","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental fate and effects of the lampricide TFM: a review","docAbstract":"Use of 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) is limited geographically to the Great Lakes basin where it is the principal agent used in control of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). It is clear from available data that TFM has effects on the environment, but the effects reported are transient. Individual organisms and aquatic communities return to pretreatment conditions after lampricide treatments have concluded. TFM is not persistent, is detoxified, and presents minimal long-term toxicological risk. TFM is relatively nontoxic to mammals. Treatment levels do not pose a threat to wildlife. However, TFM is an estrogen agonist and additional testing to define the nature and magnitude of this effect will likely be required. Because stream treatments are done on 3 to 5 year cycles, and exposures are limited to approximately 12 h, minimal risk to aquatic organisms is expected.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hubert, T., 2003, Environmental fate and effects of the lampricide TFM: a review: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 29, p. 456-474.","productDescription":"pp. 456-474","startPage":"456","endPage":"474","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6023a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubert, T.D.","contributorId":108066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1007925,"text":"1007925 - 2003 - Current versus future reproduction: an experimental test of parental investment decisions using nest desertion by mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-29T18:25:19.086957","indexId":"1007925","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":982,"text":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Current versus future reproduction: an experimental test of parental investment decisions using nest desertion by mallards <i>(Anas platyrhynchos)</i>","title":"Current versus future reproduction: an experimental test of parental investment decisions using nest desertion by mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Past investment in offspring may be important in determining a parent's ability to reproduce in the future and, hence, should affect the relative value of current offspring. However, there have been surprisingly few clear tests of whether animals actually adjust parental care in response to diminished opportunities for future reproduction. We modified the experimental protocol of Sargent and Gross [Behav Ecol Sociobiol (1985) 17:43–45] to examine offspring desertion by mallards (</span><i>Anas platyrhynchos</i><span>), and decoupled the influence of past investment from expected current benefits by controlling for the effect of offspring age on clutch value. Using 9&nbsp;years of nest mortality data, we accounted for the increasing prospects of egg survival with clutch age by calculating clutch sizes throughout incubation with equivalent expected benefits. Applying this approach, we experimentally reduced 203&nbsp;clutches at two different incubation stages such that they had equivalent expected benefits but differed in the amount of past investment. Nest desertion rates did not differ between early- and late-incubated clutches that had equivalent expected benefits. Rather, the probability of desertion increased with the severity of the clutch reduction treatment. These results suggest that female mallards adjust parental care according to the expected benefits of current offspring, rather than to diminished prospects for future reproduction due to past investment. We further examined whether females assessed expected benefits on the basis of clutch size alone or clutch size adjusted for the age of the clutch. Using Akaike's Information Criterion, the most parsimonious model to explain the probability of deserting an experimentally reduced clutch included both the proportion of the clutch remaining and clutch age. Thus, female mallards appear to fine-tune their level of parental care not only according to the relative number of offspring in the clutch, but also to the increased prospects for offspring survival as they age.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00265-003-0628-x","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., and Eadie, J., 2003, Current versus future reproduction: an experimental test of parental investment decisions using nest desertion by mallards (Anas platyrhynchos): Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, v. 54, no. 3, p. 264-273, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-003-0628-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"264","endPage":"273","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ebfb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eadie, J.M.","contributorId":8034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eadie","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025737,"text":"70025737 - 2003 - Geographic analysis and monitoring at the United States Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70025737","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1191,"text":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic analysis and monitoring at the United States Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) Program of the U.S. Geological Survey assesses the Nation's land surface at a variety of spatial and temporal scales to understand the rates, causes, and consequences of natural and human-induced processes and their interactions that affect the landscape over time. The program plays an important role in developing National Map tools and application. The GAM is a science and synthesis program that not only assesses the rates of changes to the Earth's land surface, but also provides reports on the status and trends of the Nation's land resources on a periodic basis, produces a land-use and land- cover database for the periodically updated map and data set-the Geographic Face of the Nation, and conducts research leading to improved understanding and knowledge about geographic processes. Scientific investigations provide comprehensive information needed to understand the environmental, resource, and economic consequences of landscape change. These analyses responds to the needs of resource managers and offers the American public baseline information to help them understand the dynamic nature of our national landscape and to anticipate the opportunities and consequences of our actions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cartography and Geographic Information Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1559/152304003100011036","issn":"15230406","usgsCitation":"Findley, J., 2003, Geographic analysis and monitoring at the United States Geological Survey: Cartography and Geographic Information Science, v. 30, no. 2, p. 203-210, https://doi.org/10.1559/152304003100011036.","startPage":"203","endPage":"210","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208650,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1559/152304003100011036"},{"id":234533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1759e4b0c8380cd55495","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Findley, J.","contributorId":35923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Findley","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70025925,"text":"70025925 - 2003 - Using regression methods to estimate stream phosphorus loads at the Illinois River, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-08T17:25:41.134531","indexId":"70025925","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":833,"text":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using regression methods to estimate stream phosphorus loads at the Illinois River, Arkansas","docAbstract":"The development of total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) requires evaluating existing constituent loads in streams. Accurate estimates of constituent loads are needed to calibrate watershed and reservoir models for TMDL development. The best approach to estimate constituent loads is high frequency sampling, particularly during storm events, and mass integration of constituents passing a point in a stream. Most often, resources are limited and discrete water quality samples are collected on fixed intervals and sometimes supplemented with directed sampling during storm events. When resources are limited, mass integration is not an accurate means to determine constituent loads and other load estimation techniques such as regression models are used. The objective of this work was to determine a minimum number of water-quality samples needed to provide constituent concentration data adequate to estimate constituent loads at a large stream. Twenty sets of water quality samples with and without supplemental storm samples were randomly selected at various fixed intervals from a database at the Illinois River, northwest Arkansas. The random sets were used to estimate total phosphorus (TP) loads using regression models. The regression-based annual TP loads were compared to the integrated annual TP load estimated using all the data. At a minimum, monthly sampling plus supplemental storm samples (six samples per year) was needed to produce a root mean square error of less than 15%. Water quality samples should be collected at least semi-monthly (every 15 days) in studies less than two years if seasonal time factors are to be used in the regression models. Annual TP loads estimated from independently collected discrete water quality samples further demonstrated the utility of using regression models to estimate annual TP loads in this stream system.","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers","doi":"10.13031/2013.13110","issn":"08838542","usgsCitation":"Haggard, B., Soerens, T.S., Green, W.R., and Richards, R.P., 2003, Using regression methods to estimate stream phosphorus loads at the Illinois River, Arkansas: Applied Engineering in Agriculture, v. 19, no. 2, p. 187-194, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.13110.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"194","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      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E.","contributorId":69755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haggard","given":"B. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soerens, T. S.","contributorId":53573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soerens","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, W. R.","contributorId":68354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richards, R. P.","contributorId":60792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025919,"text":"70025919 - 2003 - Diagnostic tools for mixing models of stream water chemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T12:55:51","indexId":"70025919","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diagnostic tools for mixing models of stream water chemistry","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mixing models provide a useful null hypothesis against which to evaluate processes controlling stream water chemical data. Because conservative mixing of end‐members with constant concentration is a linear process, a number of simple mathematical and multivariate statistical methods can be applied to this problem. Although mixing models have been most typically used in the context of mixing soil and groundwater end‐members, an extension of the mathematics of mixing models is presented that assesses the “fit” of a multivariate data set to a lower dimensional mixing subspace without the need for explicitly identified end‐members. Diagnostic tools are developed to determine the approximate rank of the data set and to assess lack of fit of the data. This permits identification of processes that violate the assumptions of the mixing model and can suggest the dominant processes controlling stream water chemical variation. These same diagnostic tools can be used to assess the fit of the chemistry of one site into the mixing subspace of a different site, thereby permitting an assessment of the consistency of controlling end‐members across sites. This technique is applied to a number of sites at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed located near Atlanta, Georgia.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2002WR001528","usgsCitation":"Hooper, R.P., 2003, Diagnostic tools for mixing models of stream water chemistry: Water Resources Research, v. 39, no. 3, p. 2-1-2-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001528.","productDescription":"Article 1055; 13 p.","startPage":"2-1","endPage":"2-13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00a3e4b0c8380cd4f82a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooper, Richard P.","contributorId":19144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70025916,"text":"70025916 - 2003 - Estimation of ground motion for Bhuj (26 January 2001; Mw 7.6) and for future earthquakes in India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-17T01:06:43.659731","indexId":"70025916","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of ground motion for Bhuj (26 January 2001; Mw 7.6) and for future earthquakes in India","docAbstract":"<div id=\"12110152\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Only five moderate and large earthquakes (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>≥5.7) in India—three in the Indian shield region and two in the Himalayan arc region—have given rise to multiple strong ground-motion recordings. Near-source data are available for only two of these events. The Bhuj earthquake (<i>M</i><sub>w</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>7.6), which occurred in the shield region, gave rise to useful recordings at distances exceeding 550 km. Because of the scarcity of the data, we use the stochastic method to estimate ground motions. We assume that (1)<span>&nbsp;</span><i>S</i><span>&nbsp;</span>waves dominate at<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;</span>&lt; 100 km and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Lg</i><span>&nbsp;</span>waves at<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;</span>≥ 100 km, (2)<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Q</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 508<i>f</i><sup>0.48</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>is valid for the Indian shield as well as the Himalayan arc region, (3) the effective duration is given by fc<sup>-1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>+ 0.05R, where<span>&nbsp;</span><i>fc</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is the corner frequency, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>R</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is the hypocentral distance in kilometer, and (4) the acceleration spectra are sharply cut off beyond 35 Hz. We use two finite-source stochastic models. One is an approximate model that reduces to the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>ω</i><sup>2</sup>-source model at distances greater that about twice the source dimension. This model has the advantage that the ground motion is controlled by the familiar stress parameter, Δ<i>σ</i>. In the other finite-source model, which is more reliable for near-source ground-motion estimation, the high-frequency radiation is controlled by the strength factor,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>sfact</i>, a quantity that is physically related to the maximum slip rate on the fault. We estimate Δ<i>σ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>needed to fit the observed Amax and Vmax data of each earthquake (which are mostly in the far field). The corresponding<span>&nbsp;</span><i>sfact</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is obtained by requiring that the predicted curves from the two models match each other in the far field up to a distance of about 500 km. The results show: (1) The Δ<i>σ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>that explains Amax data for shield events may be a function of depth, increasing from ∼50 bars at 10 km to ∼400 bars at 36 km. The corresponding<span>&nbsp;</span><i>sfact</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values range from 1.0-2.0. The Δ<i>σ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values for the two Himalayan arc events are 75 and 150 bars (<i>sfact</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 1.0 and 1.4). (2) The Δ<i>σ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>required to explain Vmax data is, roughly, half the corresponding value for Amax, while the same<span>&nbsp;</span><i>sfact</i><span>&nbsp;</span>explains both sets of data. (3) The available far-field Amax and Vmax data for the Bhuj mainshock are well explained by Δ<i>σ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 200 and 100 bars, respectively, or, equivalently, by<span>&nbsp;</span><i>sfact</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 1.4. The predicted Amax and Vmax in the epicentral region of this earthquake are 0.80 to 0.95<span>&nbsp;</span><i>g</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and 40 to 55 cm/sec, respectively.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120020102","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Singh, S., Bansal, B., Bhattacharya, S., Pacheco, J., Dattatrayam, R., Ordaz, M., Suresh, G., Kamal, and Hough, S., 2003, Estimation of ground motion for Bhuj (26 January 2001; Mw 7.6) and for future earthquakes in India: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 93, no. 1, p. 353-370, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120020102.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"370","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235014,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[77.83745,35.49401],[78.91227,34.32194],[78.81109,33.5062],[79.20889,32.99439],[79.17613,32.48378],[78.45845,32.61816],[78.73889,31.51591],[79.72137,30.88271],[81.11126,30.18348],[80.47672,29.72987],[80.08842,28.79447],[81.0572,28.4161],[81.99999,27.92548],[83.30425,27.36451],[84.67502,27.2349],[85.25178,26.7262],[86.02439,26.63098],[87.22747,26.3979],[88.06024,26.41462],[88.1748,26.81041],[88.04313,27.44582],[88.12044,27.87654],[88.73033,28.08686],[88.81425,27.29932],[88.83564,27.09897],[89.74453,26.7194],[90.37327,26.87572],[91.21751,26.80865],[92.03348,26.83831],[92.10371,27.45261],[91.69666,27.77174],[92.50312,27.89688],[93.41335,28.64063],[94.56599,29.27744],[95.4048,29.03172],[96.11768,29.4528],[96.58659,28.83098],[96.24883,28.41103],[97.32711,28.26158],[97.40256,27.88254],[97.05199,27.69906],[97.134,27.08377],[96.41937,27.26459],[95.12477,26.57357],[95.15515,26.00131],[94.60325,25.1625],[94.55266,24.67524],[94.10674,23.85074],[93.32519,24.07856],[93.28633,23.04366],[93.06029,22.70311],[93.16613,22.27846],[92.67272,22.04124],[92.14603,23.6275],[91.86993,23.62435],[91.70648,22.98526],[91.15896,23.50353],[91.46773,24.07264],[91.91509,24.13041],[92.3762,24.97669],[91.7996,25.14743],[90.87221,25.1326],[89.92069,25.26975],[89.83248,25.96508],[89.35509,26.01441],[88.56305,26.44653],[88.20979,25.76807],[88.93155,25.23869],[88.30637,24.86608],[88.08442,24.50166],[88.69994,24.23371],[88.52977,23.63114],[88.87631,22.87915],[89.03196,22.05571],[88.88877,21.69059],[88.2085,21.70317],[86.9757,21.49556],[87.03317,20.74331],[86.49935,20.15164],[85.06027,19.47858],[83.94101,18.30201],[83.18922,17.67122],[82.19279,17.01664],[82.19124,16.55666],[81.69272,16.31022],[80.792,15.95197],[80.3249,15.89918],[80.02507,15.13641],[80.23327,13.83577],[80.28629,13.00626],[79.86255,12.05622],[79.858,10.35728],[79.34051,10.30885],[78.88535,9.54614],[79.18972,9.21654],[78.27794,8.93305],[77.94117,8.25296],[77.5399,7.96553],[76.59298,8.89928],[76.13006,10.29963],[75.74647,11.30825],[75.3961,11.78125],[74.86482,12.74194],[74.61672,13.99258],[74.44386,14.61722],[73.5342,15.99065],[73.11991,17.92857],[72.82091,19.20823],[72.82448,20.4195],[72.63053,21.35601],[71.17527,20.75744],[70.47046,20.87733],[69.16413,22.0893],[69.64493,22.45077],[69.3496,22.84318],[68.17665,23.69197],[68.8426,24.35913],[71.04324,24.35652],[70.8447,25.2151],[70.28287,25.72223],[70.16893,26.49187],[69.51439,26.94097],[70.6165,27.9892],[71.77767,27.91318],[72.82375,28.96159],[73.45064,29.97641],[74.42138,30.97981],[74.40593,31.69264],[75.25864,32.27111],[74.45156,32.7649],[74.10429,33.44147],[73.74995,34.3177],[74.2402,34.74889],[75.75706,34.50492],[76.87172,34.65354],[77.83745,35.49401]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"India\"}}]}","volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b8de4b0c8380cd5278a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singh, S.K.","contributorId":104234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bansal, B.K.","contributorId":51511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bansal","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bhattacharya, S.N.","contributorId":68081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"S.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pacheco, J.F.","contributorId":25330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pacheco","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dattatrayam, R.S.","contributorId":71739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dattatrayam","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ordaz, M.","contributorId":88541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ordaz","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Suresh, G.","contributorId":88924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suresh","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kamal","contributorId":127945,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Kamal","id":535152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hough, S. E. 0000-0002-5980-2986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":7316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70025915,"text":"70025915 - 2003 - Slightly thermal springs and non-thermal springs at Mount Shasta, California: Chemistry and recharge elevations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:33","indexId":"70025915","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slightly thermal springs and non-thermal springs at Mount Shasta, California: Chemistry and recharge elevations","docAbstract":"Temperature measurements, isotopic contents, and dissolved constituents are presented for springs at Mount Shasta to understand slightly thermal springs in the Shasta Valley based on the characteristics of non-thermal springs. Non-thermal springs on Mount Shasta are generally cooler than mean annual air temperatures for their elevation. The specific conductance of non-thermal springs increases linearly with discharge temperature. Springs at higher and intermediate elevations on Mount Shasta have fairly limited circulation paths, whereas low-elevation springs have longer paths because of their higher-elevation recharge. Springs in the Shasta Valley are warmer than air temperatures for their elevation and contain significant amounts of chloride and sulfate, constituents often associated with volcanic hydrothermal systems. Data for the Shasta Valley springs generally define mixing trends for dissolved constituents and temperature. The isotopic composition of the Shasta Valley springs indicates that water fell as precipitation at a higher elevation than any of the non-thermal springs. It is possible that the Shasta Valley springs include a component of the outflow from a proposed 210??C hydrothermal system that boils to supply steam for the summit acid-sulfate spring. In order to categorize springs such as those in the Shasta Valley, we introduce the term slightly thermal springs for springs that do not meet the numerical criterion of 10??C above air temperature for thermal springs but have temperatures greater than non-thermal springs in the area and usually also have dissolved constituents normally found in thermal waters. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(02)00426-2","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Nathenson, M., Thompson, J., and White, L.D., 2003, Slightly thermal springs and non-thermal springs at Mount Shasta, California: Chemistry and recharge elevations: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 121, no. 1-2, p. 137-153, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(02)00426-2.","startPage":"137","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487508,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0273(02)00426-2","text":"External Repository"},{"id":208895,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(02)00426-2"},{"id":234980,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9142e4b08c986b3197e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nathenson, M.","contributorId":46632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, J. M.","contributorId":77142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025907,"text":"70025907 - 2003 - Crystallisation ages in coeval silicic magma bodies: 238U-230Th disequilibrium evidence from the Rotoiti and earthquake flat eruption deposits, Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:33","indexId":"70025907","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crystallisation ages in coeval silicic magma bodies: 238U-230Th disequilibrium evidence from the Rotoiti and earthquake flat eruption deposits, Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand","docAbstract":"The timescales over which moderate to large bodies of silicic magma are generated and stored are addressed here by studies of two geographically adjacent, successive eruption deposits in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. The earlier, caldera-forming Rotoiti eruption (>100 km3 magma) at Okataina volcano was followed, within months at most, by the Earthquake Flat eruption (??? 10 km3 magma) from nearby Kapenga volcano; both generated nonwelded ignimbrite and coeval widespread fall deposits. The Rotoiti and Earthquake Flat deposits are both crystal-rich high-silica rhyolites, with sparse glass-bearing granitoid fragments also occurring in Rotoiti lag breccias generated during caldera collapse. Here we report 238U-230Th disequilibrium data on whole rocks and mineral separates from representative Rotoiti and Earthquake Flat pumices and the co-eruptive Rotoiti granitoid fragments using TIMS and in situ zircon analyses by SIMS. Multiple-grain zircon-controlled crystallisation ages measured by TIMS from the Rotoiti pumice range from 69??3 ka (<63 ?? size fraction) to 76??6 (125-250 ?? fraction), with a weighted mean of all size fractions of 71??2 ka. SIMS model ages from single zircons in pumice range from 50??24 ka to > 350 ka, with a pronounced peak at 70-90 ka. The weighted mean of isochrons is 83??14 ka, in accord with the TIMS data. One glass-bearing Rotoiti granitoid clast yielded an age of 57??8 ka by TIMS (controlled by Th-rich phases that, however, are not apparently present in the juvenile pumices). Another glass-bearing Rotoiti granitoid yielded SIMS zircon model ages peaking at 60-90 ka, having a similar age distribution to the pumice. Age data from pumices are consistent with a published 64??4 ka eruptive age (now modified to 62??2 ka), but chemical and/or mineralogical data imply that the granitoid lithics are not largely crystalline Rotoiti rhyolite, but instead represent contemporaneous partly molten intrusions reflecting different sources in their chemistries and mineralogies. Similarly, although the Earthquake Flat eruption immediately followed (and probably was triggered by) the Rotoiti event, age data from juvenile material are significantly different. A multiple-grain zircon-controlled crystallisation age measured by TIMS from a representative pumice is 173??5 ka, while SIMS model ages range from 70-26+34 ka to >350 ka, with a peak at 105 ka. These age data coupled with previously published geochemical and isotopic data show that the Rotoiti and Earthquake Flat deposits were erupted from independent, unconnected magma bodies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01109-3","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Charlier, B.L., Peate, D., Wilson, C.J., Lowenstern, J.B., Storey, M., and Brown, S., 2003, Crystallisation ages in coeval silicic magma bodies: 238U-230Th disequilibrium evidence from the Rotoiti and earthquake flat eruption deposits, Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 206, no. 3-4, p. 441-457, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01109-3.","startPage":"441","endPage":"457","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208836,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01109-3"}],"volume":"206","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd00e4b0c8380cd4e58c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charlier, B. L. A.","contributorId":45090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Charlier","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peate, D.W.","contributorId":25732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peate","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, C. J. N.","contributorId":22096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowenstern, J. B.","contributorId":7737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Storey, M.","contributorId":74882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storey","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, S.J.A.","contributorId":75732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"S.J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70025903,"text":"70025903 - 2003 - Lithogeochemistry of Carlin-type gold mineralization in the Gold Bar district, Battle Mountain-Eureka trend, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:34","indexId":"70025903","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2954,"text":"Ore Geology Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithogeochemistry of Carlin-type gold mineralization in the Gold Bar district, Battle Mountain-Eureka trend, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Gold Bar district contains five Carlin-type gold deposits and four resources for a combined gold endowment of 1.6 M oz [50 t]. The gold deposits are hosted in Devonian carbonate rocks below parautochthonous and allochthonous Paleozoic siliciclastic rocks emplaced during the Early Mississippian Antler orogeny. The district is in the Battle Mountain-Eureka trend, a long-lived structural feature that localized intrusions and ore deposits of different types and ages. The whole-rock geochemistry of four different mineralized and unmineralized Devonian carbonate rock units (two favorable and two unfavorable) were determined and interpreted in the context of the regional geology. A combination of basic statistics, R-mode factor analysis, isocon plots, and alteration diagrams were utilized to (1) identify favorable geochemical attributes of the host rocks, (2) characterize alteration and associated element enrichments and depletions, and (3) identify the mechanism of gold precipitation. This approach also led to the recognition of other types of alteration and mineralization in host rocks previously thought to be solely affected by Carlin-type mineralization. Unit 2 of the Upper Member of the Denay Formation, with the highest Al2O3, Fe2O3 and SiO2 contents and the lowest CaO content, is the most favorable host rock. Based on the high regression coefficients of data arrays on X-Y plots that project toward the origin, Al2O3 and TiO2 were immobile and K2O and Fe2O3 were relatively immobile during alteration and mineralization. Specific element associations identified by factor analysis are also prominent on isocon diagrams that compare the composition of fresh and altered equivalents of the same rock units. The most prominent associations are: Au, As, Sb, SiO2, TI, -CaO and -LOI, the main gold mineralizing event and related silicification and decalcification; Cd, Zn, Ag, P, Ni and Tl, an early base metal event; and MgO, early dolomitization. Alteration diagrams, consisting of X-Y plots of SiO2/Al2O3, K2O/Al2O3, CO2/Al2O3, that documented in classic Carlin-type gold deposits in the region, but the size of the deposits and the intensity of alteration and mineralization are less. The presence of other types of mineralization in the Gold Bar district is also common to most of the other Carlin-type districts located in major mineral belts. The approach used in this study is well suited to the interpretation of multi-element geochemical data from other study areas with superimposed alteration and mineralization. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ore Geology Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0169-1368(02)00142-7","issn":"01691368","usgsCitation":"Yigit, O., and Hofstra, A., 2003, Lithogeochemistry of Carlin-type gold mineralization in the Gold Bar district, Battle Mountain-Eureka trend, Nevada: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 22, no. 3-4, p. 201-224, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1368(02)00142-7.","startPage":"201","endPage":"224","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208795,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-1368(02)00142-7"},{"id":234793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a483ee4b0c8380cd67d13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yigit, O.","contributorId":54383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yigit","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, A. H. 0000-0002-2450-1593","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":41426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025899,"text":"70025899 - 2003 - Variance in prey abundance influences time budgets of breeding seabirds: Evidence from pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T09:35:22","indexId":"70025899","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variance in prey abundance influences time budgets of breeding seabirds: Evidence from pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba","docAbstract":"We use data on pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba to test the hypothesis that discretionary time in breeding seabirds is correlated with variance in prey abundance. We measured the amount of time that guillemots spent at the colony before delivering fish to chicks (\"resting time\") in relation to fish abundance as measured by beach seines and bottom trawls. Radio telemetry showed that resting time was inversely correlated with time spent diving for fish during foraging trips (r = -0.95). Pigeon guillemots fed their chicks either Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus, a schooling midwater fish, which exhibited high interannual variance in abundance (CV = 181%), or a variety of non-schooling demersal fishes, which were less variable in abundance (average CV = 111%). Average resting times were 46% higher at colonies where schooling prey dominated the diet. Individuals at these colonies reduced resting times 32% during years of low food abundance, but did not reduce meal delivery rates. In contrast, individuals feeding on non-schooling fishes did not reduce resting times during low food years, but did reduce meal delivery rates by 27%. Interannual variance in resting times was greater for the schooling group than for the non-schooling group. We conclude from these differences that time allocation in pigeon guillemots is more flexible when variable schooling prey dominate diets. Resting times were also 27% lower for individuals feeding two-chick rather than one-chick broods. The combined effects of diet and brood size on adult time budgets may help to explain higher rates of brood reduction for pigeon guillemot chicks fed non-schooling fishes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Avian Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1034/j.1600-048X.2003.02995.x","issn":"09088857","usgsCitation":"Litzow, M.A., and Piatt, J.F., 2003, Variance in prey abundance influences time budgets of breeding seabirds: Evidence from pigeon guillemots Cepphus columba: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 34, no. 1, p. 54-64, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-048X.2003.02995.x.","startPage":"54","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208751,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-048X.2003.02995.x"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc14ce4b08c986b32a4fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Litzow, Michael A.","contributorId":8789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litzow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":407000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":407001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025893,"text":"70025893 - 2003 - Effects of brevetoxins on murine myeloma SP2/O cells: Aberrant cellular division","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70025893","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2078,"text":"International Journal of Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of brevetoxins on murine myeloma SP2/O cells: Aberrant cellular division","docAbstract":"Massive deaths of manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) during the red tide seasons have been attributed to brevetoxins produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (formerly Ptychodiscus breve and Gymnodinium breve). Although these toxins have been found in macrophages and lymphocytes in the lung, liver, and secondary lymphoid tissues of these animals, the molecular mechanisms of brevetoxicosis have not yet been identified. To investigate the effects of brevetoxins on immune cells, a murine myeloma cell line (SP2/O) was used as a model for in vitro studies. By adding brevetoxins to cultures of the SP2/O cells at concentrations ranging from 20 to 600 ng/ml, an apparent increase in proliferation was observed at around 2 hours post challenge as compared to the unchallenged cell cultures. This was followed by a drop in cell number at around 3 hours, suggesting an aberrant effect of brevetoxins on cellular division, the cells generated at 2 hours being apparently short-lived. In situ immunochemical staining of the SP2/O cells at 1 and 2 hour post challenge showed an accumulation of the toxins in the nucleus. A 21-kDa protein was subsequently isolated from the SP2/O cells as having brevetoxin-binding properties, and immunologically identified as p21, a nuclear factor known to down-regulate cellular proliferation through inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases. These data are the first on a possible effect of brevetoxins on the cell cycle via binding to p21, a phenomenon that needs to be further investigated and validated in normal immune cells.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10915810305095","issn":"10915818","usgsCitation":"Han, T., Derby, M., Martin, D., Wright, S., and Dao, M., 2003, Effects of brevetoxins on murine myeloma SP2/O cells: Aberrant cellular division: International Journal of Toxicology, v. 22, no. 2, p. 73-80, https://doi.org/10.1080/10915810305095.","startPage":"73","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208691,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810305095"},{"id":234611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a069ce4b0c8380cd51325","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Han, T.K.","contributorId":72180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"T.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derby, M.","contributorId":80472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derby","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, D.F.","contributorId":24537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, S.D.","contributorId":19660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dao, M.L.","contributorId":69756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dao","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70025891,"text":"70025891 - 2003 - An index of biological integrity (IBI) for Pacific Northwest rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:24","indexId":"70025891","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An index of biological integrity (IBI) for Pacific Northwest rivers","docAbstract":"The index of biotic integrity (IBI) is a commonly used measure of relative aquatic ecosystem condition; however, its application to coldwater rivers over large geographic areas has been limited. A seven-step process was used to construct and test an IBI applicable to fish assemblages in coldwater rivers throughout the U.S. portion of the Pacific Northwest. First, fish data from the region were compiled from previous studies and candidate metrics were selected. Second, reference conditions were estimated from historical reports and minimally disturbed reference sites in the region. Third, data from the upper Snake River basin were used to test metrics and develop the initial index. Fourth, candidate metrics were evaluated for their redundancy, variability, precision, and ability to reflect a wide range of conditions while distinguishing reference sites from disturbed sites. Fifth, the selected metrics were standardized by being scored continuously from 0 to 1 and then weighted as necessary to produce an IBI ranging from 0 to 100. The resulting index included 10 metrics: number of native coldwater species, number of age-classes of sculpins Cottus spp., percentage of sensitive native individuals, percentage of coldwater individuals, percentage of tolerant individuals, number of alien species, percentage of common carp Cyprinus carpio individuals, number of selected salmonid age-classes, catch per unit effort of coldwater individuals, and percentage of individuals with selected anomalies. Sixth, the IBI responses were tested with additional data sets from throughout the Pacific Northwest. Last, scores from two minimally disturbed reference rivers were evaluated for longitudinal gradients along the river continuum. The IBI responded to environmental disturbances and was spatially and temporally stable at over 150 sites in the Pacific Northwest. The results support its use across a large geographic area to describe the relative biological condition of coolwater and coldwater rivers with low species richness.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0239:AIOBII>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Mebane, C., Maret, T., and Hughes, R.M., 2003, An index of biological integrity (IBI) for Pacific Northwest rivers: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 132, no. 2, p. 239-261, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0239:AIOBII>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"239","endPage":"261","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208674,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0239:AIOBII>2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"132","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea76e4b0c8380cd4889c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mebane, C.A.","contributorId":84134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maret, T.R.","contributorId":9015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maret","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, R. M.","contributorId":69997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025890,"text":"70025890 - 2003 - Lower survival probabilities for adult Florida manatees in years with intense coastal storms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-04T14:29:13.702719","indexId":"70025890","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lower survival probabilities for adult Florida manatees in years with intense coastal storms","docAbstract":"<p>The endangered Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) inhabits the subtropical waters of the southeastern United States, where hurricanes are a regular occurrence. Using mark-resighting statistical models, we analyzed 19 years of photo-identification data and detected significant annual variation in adult survival for a subpopulation in northwest Florida where human impact is low. That variation coincided with years when intense hurricanes (Category 3 or greater on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) and a major winter storm occurred in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Mean survival probability during years with no or low intensity storms was 0.972 (approximate 95% confidence interval = 0.961-0.980) but dropped to 0.936 (0.864-0.971) in 1985 with Hurricanes Elena, Kate, and Juan; to 0.909 (0.837-0.951) in 1993 with the March \"Storm of the Century\"; and to 0.817 (0.735-0.878) in 1995 with Hurricanes Opal, Erin, and Allison. These drops in survival probability were not catastrophic in magnitude and were detected because of the use of state-of-the-art statistical techniques and the quality of the data. Because individuals of this small population range extensively along the north Gulf coast of Florida, it was possible to resolve storm effects on a regional scale rather than the site-specific local scale common to studies of more sedentary species. This is the first empirical evidence in support of storm effects on manatee survival and suggests a cause-effect relationship. The decreases in survival could be due to direct mortality, indirect mortality, and/or emigration from the region as a consequence of storms. Future impacts to the population by a single catastrophic hurricane, or series of smaller hurricanes, could increase the probability of extinction. With the advent in 1995 of a new 25- to 50-yr cycle of greater hurricane activity, and longer term change possible with global climate change, it becomes all the more important to reduce mortality and injury from boats and other human causes and control the loss of foraging habitat to coastal development.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0257:LSPFAF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Langtimm, C., and Beck, C., 2003, Lower survival probabilities for adult Florida manatees in years with intense coastal storms: Ecological Applications, v. 13, no. 1, p. 257-268, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0257:LSPFAF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"268","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488933,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2003)013[0257:lspfaf]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":234575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.0888671875,\n              26.45090222367262\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.342529296875,\n              26.45090222367262\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.342529296875,\n              30.363396239603716\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.0888671875,\n              30.363396239603716\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.0888671875,\n              26.45090222367262\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a7de4b0c8380cd68dec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langtimm, C.A. 0000-0001-8499-5743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":71133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langtimm","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beck, C.A. 0000-0002-5388-5418","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5418","contributorId":78674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025878,"text":"70025878 - 2003 - Shallow-velocity models at the Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, determined from array analyses of tremor wavefields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T13:27:16","indexId":"70025878","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow-velocity models at the Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, determined from array analyses of tremor wavefields","docAbstract":"<p>The properties of the surface wavefield at Kilauea Volcano are analysed using data from small-aperture arrays of short-period seismometers deployed in and around the Kilauea caldera. Tremor recordings were obtained during two Japan-US cooperative experiments conducted in 1996 and 1997. The seismometers were deployed in three semi-circular arrays with apertures of 300, 300 and 400 m, and a linear array with length of 1680 m. Data are analysed using a spatio-temporal correlation technique well suited for the study of the stationary stochastic wavefields of Rayleigh and Love waves associated with volcanic activity and scattering sources distributed in and around the summit caldera. Spatial autocorrelation coefficients are obtained as a function of frequency and are inverted for the dispersion characteristics of Rayleigh and Love waves using a grid search that seeks phase velocities for which the L-2 norm between data and forward modelling operators is minimized. Within the caldera, the phase velocities of Rayleigh waves range from 1400 to 1800 m s<sup>-1</sup> at 1 Hz down to 300-400 m s<sup>-1</sup> at 10 Hz, and the phase velocities of Love waves range from 2600 to 400 m s<sup>-1</sup> within the same frequency band. Outside the caldera, Rayleigh wave velocities range from 1800 to 1600 m s<sup>-1</sup> at 1 Hz down to 260-360 m s<sup>-1</sup> at 10 Hz, and Love wave velocities range from 600 to 150 m s<sup>-1</sup> within the same frequency band. The dispersion curves are inverted for velocity structure beneath each array, assuming these dispersions represent the fundamental modes of Rayleigh and Love waves. The velocity structures observed at different array sites are consistent with results from a recent 3-D traveltime tomography of the caldera region, and point to a marked velocity discontinuity associated with the southern caldera boundary.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01867.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Saccorotti, G., Chouet, B., and Dawson, P., 2003, Shallow-velocity models at the Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, determined from array analyses of tremor wavefields: Geophysical Journal International, v. 152, no. 3, p. 633-648, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01867.x.","startPage":"633","endPage":"648","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478474,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246x.2003.01867.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":234977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208893,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01867.x"}],"volume":"152","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e49e4b08c986b31884d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saccorotti, G.","contributorId":107041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saccorotti","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chouet, B.","contributorId":68465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, P. 0000-0003-4065-0588","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-0588","contributorId":49529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025872,"text":"70025872 - 2003 - Direct numerical simulation of bedload transport using a local, dynamic boundary condition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T19:18:10.709305","indexId":"70025872","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct numerical simulation of bedload transport using a local, dynamic boundary condition","docAbstract":"<p><span>Temporally and spatially averaged models of bedload transport are inadequate to describe the highly variable nature of particle motion at low transport stages. The primary sources of this variability are the resisting forces to downstream motion resulting from the geometrical relation (pocket friction angle) of a bed grain to the grains that it rests upon, variability of the near-bed turbulent velocity field and the local modification of this velocity field by upstream, protruding grains. A model of bedload transport is presented that captures these sources of variability by directly integrating the equations of motion of each particle of a simulated mixed grain-size sediment bed. Experimental data from the velocity field downstream and below the tops of upstream, protruding grains are presented. From these data, an empirical relation for the velocity modification resulting from upstream grains is provided to the bedload model. The temporal variability of near-bed turbulence is provided by a measured near-bed time series of velocity over a gravel bed. The distribution of pocket friction angles results as a consequence of directly calculating the initiation and cessation of motion of each particle as a result of the combination of fluid forcing and interaction with other particles. Calculations of bedload flux in a uniform boundary and simulated pocket friction angles agree favourably with previous studies.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-3091.2003.00555.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Schmeeckle, M., and Nelson, J.M., 2003, Direct numerical simulation of bedload transport using a local, dynamic boundary condition: Sedimentology, v. 50, no. 2, p. 279-301, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2003.00555.x.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"301","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2003.00555.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388331,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01b0e4b0c8380cd4fcf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmeeckle, M.W.","contributorId":7461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmeeckle","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, J. M.","contributorId":68687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025868,"text":"70025868 - 2003 - Development of hardwood seed zones for Tennessee using a geographic information system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T19:40:47.846942","indexId":"70025868","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3447,"text":"Southern Journal of Applied Forestry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of hardwood seed zones for Tennessee using a geographic information system","docAbstract":"<p><span>For species that have no or limited information on genetic variation and adaptability to nonnative sites, there is a need for seed collection guidelines based on biological, climatological, and/or geographical criteria. Twenty-eight hardwood species are currently grown for reforestation purposes at the East Tennessee State Nursery. The majority of these species have had no genetic testing to define guidelines for seed collection location and can be distributed to sites that have a very different environment than that of seed origin(s). Poor survival and/or growth may result if seedlings are not adapted to environmental conditions at the planting location. To address this problem, 30 yr of Tennessee county precipitation and minimum temperature data were analyzed and grouped using a centroid hierarchical cluster analysis. The weather data and elevational data were entered into a Geographic Information System (GIS) and separately layered over Bailey's Ecoregions to develop a seed zone system for Tennessee. The seed zones can be used as a practical guideline for collecting seeds to ensure that the resulting seedlings will be adapted to planting environments.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford","doi":"10.1093/sjaf/27.3.172","issn":"01484419","usgsCitation":"Post, L., Schlarbaum, S., Van Manen, F., Cecich, R., Saxton, A., and Schneider, J., 2003, Development of hardwood seed zones for Tennessee using a geographic information system: Southern Journal of Applied Forestry, v. 27, no. 3, p. 172-175, https://doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/27.3.172.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"172","endPage":"175","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/27.3.172","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388337,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"East Tennessee Nursery","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.53704833984375,\n              35.3425748600064\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.47113037109375,\n              35.3425748600064\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.47113037109375,\n              35.39352808136067\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.53704833984375,\n              35.39352808136067\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.53704833984375,\n              35.3425748600064\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0058e4b0c8380cd4f6f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Post, L.S.","contributorId":80873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schlarbaum, S.E.","contributorId":18943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlarbaum","given":"S.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Manen, F.","contributorId":25329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Manen","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cecich, R.A.","contributorId":84958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecich","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saxton, A.M.","contributorId":36341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saxton","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schneider, J.F.","contributorId":16200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70025865,"text":"70025865 - 2003 - Multichannel analysis of surface wave method with the autojuggie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:23","indexId":"70025865","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3418,"text":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multichannel analysis of surface wave method with the autojuggie","docAbstract":"The shear (S)-wave velocity of near-surface materials and its effect on seismic-wave propagation are of fundamental interest in many engineering, environmental, and groundwater studies. The multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) method provides a robust, efficient, and accurate tool to observe near-surface S-wave velocity. A recently developed device used to place large numbers of closely spaced geophones simultaneously and automatically (the 'autojuggie') is shown here to be applicable to the collection of MASW data. In order to demonstrate the use of the autojuggie in the MASW method, we compared high-frequency surface-wave data acquired from conventionally planted geophones (control line) to data collected in parallel with the automatically planted geophones attached to steel bars (test line). The results demonstrate that the autojuggie can be applied in the MASW method. Implementation of the autojuggie in very shallow MASW surveys could drastically reduce the time required and costs incurred in such surveys. ?? 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0267-7261(02)00214-2","issn":"02677261","usgsCitation":"Tian, G., Steeples, D., Xia, J., Miller, R., Spikes, K., and Ralston, M., 2003, Multichannel analysis of surface wave method with the autojuggie: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, v. 23, no. 3, p. 243-247, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0267-7261(02)00214-2.","startPage":"243","endPage":"247","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208774,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0267-7261(02)00214-2"},{"id":234753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5fd6e4b0c8380cd7117d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tian, G.","contributorId":58425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tian","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steeples, D.W.","contributorId":45057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steeples","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spikes, K.T.","contributorId":68927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spikes","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ralston, M.D.","contributorId":18550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ralston","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":406865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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