The stratigraphy of the layered deposits of the polar regions of Mars is theorized to contain a record of recent climate change linked to insolation changes driven by variations in the planet's orbital and rotational parameters. In order to confidently link stratigraphic signals to insolation periodicities, a description of the stratigraphy is required based on quantities that directly relate to intrinsic properties of the layers. We use stereo Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) to derive a characteristic of North Polar Layered Deposits (NPLD) strata that can be correlated over large distances: the topographic protrusion of layers exposed in troughs, which is a proxy for the layers’ resistance to erosion. Using a combination of image analysis and a signal-matching algorithm to correlate continuous depth-protrusion signals taken from DTMs at different locations, we construct a stratigraphic column that describes the upper ~500 m of at least 7% of the area of the NPLD, and find accumulation rates that vary by factors of up to two. We find that, when coupled with observations of exposed layers in orbital images, the topographic expression of the strata is consistently continuous through large distances in the top 300 – 500 m of the NPLD, suggesting it is better related to intrinsic layer properties than brightness alone.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/2015JE004992","usgsCitation":"Becerra, P., Byrne, S., Sori, M.M., Sutton, S., and Herkenhoff, K.E., 2016, Stratigraphy of the north polar layered deposits of Mars from high-resolution topography: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 121, no. 8, p. 1445-1471, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JE004992.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1445","endPage":"1471","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070689","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015je004992","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325939,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"121","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c433e4b006cb45552c4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Becerra, Patricio","contributorId":173341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becerra","given":"Patricio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrne, Shane","contributorId":53513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byrne","given":"Shane","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sori, Michael M.","contributorId":173342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sori","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sutton, Sarah","contributorId":173271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutton","given":"Sarah","affiliations":[{"id":27205,"text":"U. Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70171250,"text":"ofr20161069 - 2016 - Analysis of seafloor change at Breton Island, Gosier Shoals, and surrounding waters, 1869–2014, Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T16:03:06","indexId":"ofr20161069","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1069","title":"Analysis of seafloor change at Breton Island, Gosier Shoals, and surrounding waters, 1869–2014, Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Characterizing bathymetric change in coastal environments is an important component in understanding shoreline evolution, especially along barrier island platforms. Bathymetric change is a function of the regional sediment budget, long-term wave and current patterns, and episodic impact from high-energy events such as storms. Human modifications may also cause changes in seafloor elevation. This study, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in collaboration with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, evaluates bathymetric and volumetric change and sediment characteristics around Breton Island and Gosier Shoals located offshore of the Mississippi River Delta in Louisiana. This area has been affected by significant storm events such as Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Sedimentation patterns at Breton Island and offshore have also been modified by the excavation of a shipping channel north of the island. Four time periods are considered that encompass these episodes and include long-term change and short-term storm recovery: 1869–2014, 1869–1920, 1920–2014, and 2007–2014. Finally, sediment characteristics are reported in the context of seafloor elevation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Flocks, J.G., and Terrano, J.F., 2016, Analysis of seafloor change at Breton Island, Gosier Shoals, and surrounding waters, 1869–2014, Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1069, 27 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161069.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 27 p.; Data Releases","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-073884","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324961,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ds1005","text":"Data Series 1005","description":"OFR 2016-1069","linkHelpText":"Archive of Bathymetry and Backscatter Data Collected in 2014 Nearshore Breton and Gosier Islands, Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana"},{"id":324963,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7XS5SGM","text":"USGS data release - A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for Breton Island, Louisiana: 1869–2014","description":"OFR 2016-1069"},{"id":324960,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161039","text":"Open-File Report 2016–1039","description":"OFR 2016-1069","linkHelpText":"Analysis of shoreline and geomorphic change for Breton Island, Louisiana, from 1869 to 2014"},{"id":324962,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F70G3H6G","text":"USGS data release - Topobathymetric Lidar Survey of Breton and Gosier Islands, Louisiana, January 16 and 18, 2014","description":"OFR 2016-1069"},{"id":324958,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1069/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":324959,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1069/ofr20161069.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1069"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisana","otherGeospatial":"Breton Island, Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Gosier Shoals","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.07234191894531,\n 29.471883455244765\n ],\n [\n -88.98994445800781,\n 29.538216607905866\n ],\n [\n -89.07096862792969,\n 29.614057949691468\n ],\n [\n -89.31060791015624,\n 29.44438130948883\n ],\n [\n -89.22477722167967,\n 29.361231724636678\n ],\n [\n -89.19525146484375,\n 29.38576493113888\n ],\n [\n -89.14581298828125,\n 29.387559811639232\n ],\n [\n -89.10804748535155,\n 29.352254684201622\n ],\n [\n -89.0826416015625,\n 29.369011186354562\n ],\n [\n -89.07920837402344,\n 29.39952487234379\n ],\n [\n -89.05654907226562,\n 29.4186660412453\n ],\n [\n -89.05517578125,\n 29.44916482692468\n ],\n [\n -89.07234191894531,\n 29.471883455244765\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
(727) 502–8000
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov
As part of the Barrier Island Monitoring Project, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted nearshore geophysical surveys off Breton and Gosier Islands, Louisiana, in July and August of 2014. To assist the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) with restoration planning efforts, the USGS was tasked with answering fundamental questions about the physical environment of the southern Chandeleur Islands, including the geology, morphology, and oceanography. Baseline data needed to answer these questions were either insufficient or missing. The USGS conducted a comprehensive geologic investigation in the summer of 2014, collecting geophysical and sedimentological data.
Breton Island, located at the southern end of the Chandeleur Island chain in southeastern Louisiana, was recognized as a natural, globally significant nesting sanctuary for several bird species and was established as the Breton National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in 1904. The areal extent of Breton Island has diminished 90 percent since 1920. Land loss is attributed to ongoing relative sea-level rise, diminished sediment supply, and storm impacts. The bird population on Breton Island has also declined over the years, most notably after Hurricane George in 1998 and after Hurricane Katrina in 2015; the latter completely submerged the island. Despite decreasing habitable acreage, migratory seabirds continue to return and nest on Breton Island. To prevent the island from being submerged in the future, and to protect, stabilize, and provide more nesting and foraging areas for the bird population, the USFWS proposed a restoration effort to rebuild Breton Island to its pre-Katrina footprint.
This data series serves as an archive of processed interferometric swath and single-beam bathymetry data, and side-scan sonar data, collected in the nearshore of Breton and Gosier Islands, NWR, Louisiana. The data were collected during two USGS cruises (USGS Field Activity Numbers 2014-314-FA and 2014-317-FA) in July and August 2014. Geographic information system data products include a 100-meter-cell-size interpolated bathymetry grid, trackline maps, and point data files. Additional files include error analysis maps, Field Activity Collection System logs, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata.
NOTE: These data are scientific in nature and are not to be used for navigation. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1005","usgsCitation":"DeWitt, N.T., Flocks, J.G., Miselis, J.L., Locker, S.D., Kindinger, J.G., Bernier, J.C., Fredericks, J.J., Kelso, K.W., Reynolds, B.J., Wiese, D.S., and Browning, T.N., 2016 Archive of bathymetry and backscatter data collected in 2014 nearshore Breton and Gosier Islands, Breton National Wildlife Refuge, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1005, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds1005.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-068847","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325534,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325242,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1005"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Breton Island, Gosier Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.07234191894531,\n 29.471883455244765\n ],\n [\n -88.98994445800781,\n 29.538216607905866\n ],\n [\n -89.07096862792969,\n 29.614057949691468\n ],\n [\n -89.31060791015624,\n 29.44438130948883\n ],\n [\n -89.22477722167967,\n 29.361231724636678\n ],\n [\n -89.19525146484375,\n 29.38576493113888\n ],\n [\n -89.14581298828125,\n 29.387559811639232\n ],\n [\n -89.10804748535155,\n 29.352254684201622\n ],\n [\n -89.0826416015625,\n 29.369011186354562\n ],\n [\n -89.07920837402344,\n 29.39952487234379\n ],\n [\n -89.05654907226562,\n 29.4186660412453\n ],\n [\n -89.05517578125,\n 29.44916482692468\n ],\n [\n -89.07234191894531,\n 29.471883455244765\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
(727) 502–8000
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), as part of the National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards project, conducts baseline and storm-response photography missions to document and understand the changes in vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms. On September 18–19, 2015, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Navarre Beach, Florida, to Breton Island, Louisiana, aboard a Maule MT57 (aircraft) at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore. This mission was conducted to collect baseline data for assessing incremental changes in the beach and nearshore area since the last survey, flown in September 2014. The data can be used in the assessment of future coastal change.
\nThe photographs provided in this report are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. ExifTool was used to add the following to the header of each photograph: time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. The photograph locations are an estimate of the position of the aircraft at the time the photograph was taken and do not indicate the location of any feature in the images (see the Navigation Data page). These photographs document the state of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created in 5-minute segments of flight time. These segments can be found on the Photographs and Maps page. Photographs can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet.
\nIn addition to the photographs, a Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file is provided and can be used to view the images by clicking on the marker and then the thumbnail or the link below the thumbnail. The KML file was created using the photographic navigation files. This KML file can be found in the kml folder.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1008","usgsCitation":"Morgan, K.L.M., 2016, Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Navarre Beach, Florida, to Breton Island, Louisiana, September 18–19, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1008, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds1008.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-076049","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325852,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325613,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1008/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n 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U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
(727) 502–8000
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov
Climate change is a major challenge for managers of protected areas world-wide, and managers need information about future climate conditions within protected areas. Prior studies of climate change effects in protected areas have largely focused on average climatic conditions. However, extreme weather may have stronger effects on wildlife populations and habitats than changes in averages. Our goal was to quantify future changes in the frequency of extreme heat, drought, and false springs, during the avian breeding season, in 415 National Wildlife Refuges in the conterminous United States. We analyzed spatially detailed data on extreme weather frequencies during the historical period (1950–2005) and under different scenarios of future climate change by mid- and late-21st century. We found that all wildlife refuges will likely experience substantial changes in the frequencies of extreme weather, but the types of projected changes differed among refuges. Extreme heat is projected to increase dramatically in all wildlife refuges, whereas changes in droughts and false springs are projected to increase or decrease on a regional basis. Half of all wildlife refuges are projected to see increases in frequency (> 20% higher than the current rate) in at least two types of weather extremes by mid-century. Wildlife refuges in the Southwest and Pacific Southwest are projected to exhibit the fastest rates of change, and may deserve extra attention. Climate change adaptation strategies in protected areas, such as the U.S. wildlife refuges, may need to seriously consider future changes in extreme weather, including the considerable spatial variation of these changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Kidlington, Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2016.07.007","collaboration":"University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Martinuzzi, S., Allstadt, A.J., Bateman, B.L., Heglund, P., Pidgeon, A.M., Thogmartin, W.E., Vavrus, S.J., and Radeloff, V.C., 2016, Future frequencies of extreme weather events in the National Wildlife Refuges of the conterminous U.S.: Biological Conservation, v. 201, p. 327-335, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2016.07.007.","startPage":"327","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072991","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"201","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57aaff24e4b05e859be0f39d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martinuzzi, Sebastian","contributorId":17491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martinuzzi","given":"Sebastian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allstadt, Andrew J.","contributorId":141125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allstadt","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13679,"text":"SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bateman, Brooke L.","contributorId":141122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bateman","given":"Brooke","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13679,"text":"SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heglund, Patricia J.","contributorId":141128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heglund","given":"Patricia J.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pidgeon, Anna M.","contributorId":141123,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pidgeon","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13679,"text":"SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vavrus, Stephen J.","contributorId":149491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vavrus","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17750,"text":"Nelson Institute Center for Climatic Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Radeloff, Volker C.","contributorId":141124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Radeloff","given":"Volker","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13679,"text":"SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70175625,"text":"70175625 - 2016 - The international river interface cooperative: Public domain flow and morphodynamics software for education and applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T14:02:50","indexId":"70175625","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The international river interface cooperative: Public domain flow and morphodynamics software for education and applications","docAbstract":"This paper describes a new, public-domain interface for modeling flow, sediment transport and morphodynamics in rivers and other geophysical flows. The interface is named after the International River Interface Cooperative (iRIC), the group that constructed the interface and many of the current solvers included in iRIC. The interface is entirely free to any user and currently houses thirteen models ranging from simple one-dimensional models through three-dimensional large-eddy simulation models. Solvers are only loosely coupled to the interface so it is straightforward to modify existing solvers or to introduce other solvers into the system. Six of the most widely-used solvers are described in detail including example calculations to serve as an aid for users choosing what approach might be most appropriate for their own applications. The example calculations range from practical computations of bed evolution in natural rivers to highly detailed predictions of the development of small-scale bedforms on an initially flat bed. The remaining solvers are also briefly described. Although the focus of most solvers is coupled flow and morphodynamics, several of the solvers are also specifically aimed at providing flood inundation predictions over large spatial domains. Potential users can download the application, solvers, manuals, and educational materials including detailed tutorials at www.-i-ric.org. The iRIC development group encourages scientists and engineers to use the tool and to consider adding their own methods to the iRIC suite of tools.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.09.017","usgsCitation":"Nelson, J.M., Shimizu, Y., Abe, T., Asahi, K., Gamou, M., Inoue, T., Iwasaki, T., Kakinuma, T., Kawamura, S., Kimura, I., Kyuka, T., McDonald, R.R., Nabi, M., Nakatsugawa, M., Simoes, F.J., Takebayashi, H., and Watanabe, Y., 2016, The international river interface cooperative: Public domain flow and morphodynamics software for education and applications: Advances in Water Resources, v. 93, p. 62-74, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.09.017.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"74","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069247","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b6ee4b03bcb0104bca2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - 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Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Takebayashi, Hiroshi","contributorId":173802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Takebayashi","given":"Hiroshi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27299,"text":"Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Watanabe, Yasunori","contributorId":173803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watanabe","given":"Yasunori","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17805,"text":"Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70179095,"text":"70179095 - 2016 - The Mississippi River: A place for fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-19T15:59:27","indexId":"70179095","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The Mississippi River: A place for fish","docAbstract":"The Mississippi River flows 3,734 km from its source at Lake Itasca, Minnesota to its outlet at the Gulf of Mexico. Along its course, it collects water from portions of two Canadian provinces and 41 % of the conterminous United States. Although greatly altered for navigation and flood control throughout much of its length, the Mississippi River remains an important fishery resource that provides habitat for 188 species of fishes and recreational and commercial fishing opportunities. The objectives of this chapter are to describe the contemporary fisheries habitat throughout the Mississippi River, identify how management to achieve human benefits influences the fishes and their habitats, and summarize efforts to conserve and enhance fish habitat. The 826-km headwater reach is entirely in Minnesota and remains largely unaltered. The reaches that extend 1,059 km from St. Anthony Falls, Minnesota to above the confluence with the Missouri River near St. Louis, Missouri have been altered by impoundment that has affected floodplain function, increased sedimentation of backwaters, and homogenized the formerly diverse aquatic habitats. After the confluence with the Missouri River, the Mississippi River flows freely for 1,849 km to the Gulf of Mexico. The alterations of the free-flowing reaches of greatest significance to the fisheries resource are reducing the duration and height of the flood pulse as a consequence of shortening the river channel, disconnection of the river from its historic and present floodplain, and loss of secondary channel-island complexes. Engineering features to improve commercial navigation have also added habitat and, when wisely manipulated, can be used to rehabilitate habitat. Some aspects of water quality have improved, but legacy chemicals and nutrient-laden inflows and sediments remain problems. Although true restoration in the sense of restoring all environmental conditions to an unaltered state is unlikely, the future value of the Mississippi River as a fisheries resource will depend on actively maintaining diverse and accessible aquatic habitats to support food webs and water quality suitable for fishes.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","isbn":"978-1-934874-44-8","usgsCitation":"Schramm, H., and Ickes, B., 2016, The Mississippi River: A place for fish, chap. of Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins, p. 3-34.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"34","ipdsId":"IP-057711","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332192,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/54084p/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58590009e4b03639a6025e2b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Chen, Yushun","contributorId":146569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Yushun","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":656212,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656213,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, John","contributorId":177556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656214,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Daqing","contributorId":173395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Daqing","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27222,"text":"Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":656215,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Zhongjie","contributorId":177557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Zhongjie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656216,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kilgore, Jack","contributorId":177558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kilgore","given":"Jack","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656217,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Phelps, Quinton E.","contributorId":173401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phelps","given":"Quinton","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27224,"text":"Big Rivers and Wetlands Field Station, Missouri Department of Conservation, Jackson, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":656218,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eggleton, Michael","contributorId":177559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eggleton","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656219,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":8}],"authors":[{"text":"Schramm, Harold hschramm@usgs.gov","contributorId":149157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schramm","given":"Harold","email":"hschramm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ickes, Brian 0000-0001-5622-3842 bickes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5622-3842","contributorId":2925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ickes","given":"Brian","email":"bickes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70184325,"text":"70184325 - 2016 - Structured decision making for managing pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T15:53:54","indexId":"70184325","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structured decision making for managing pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep","docAbstract":"Good decision-making is essential to conserving wildlife populations. Although there may be multiple ways to address a problem, perfect solutions rarely exist. Managers are therefore tasked with identifying decisions that will best achieve desired outcomes. Structured decision making (SDM) is a method of decision analysis used to identify the most effective, efficient, and realistic decisions while accounting for values and priorities of the decision maker. The stepwise process includes identifying the management problem, defining objectives for solving the problem, developing alternative approaches to achieve the objectives, and formally evaluating which alternative is most likely to accomplish the objectives. The SDM process can be more effective than informal decision-making because it provides a transparent way to quantitatively evaluate decisions for addressing multiple management objectives while incorporating science, uncertainty, and risk tolerance. To illustrate the application of this process to a management need, we present an SDM-based decision tool developed to identify optimal decisions for proactively managing risk of pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in Montana. Pneumonia epizootics are a major challenge for managers due to long-term impacts to herds, epistemic uncertainty in timing and location of future epizootics, and consequent difficulty knowing how or when to manage risk. The decision tool facilitates analysis of alternative decisions for how to manage herds based on predictions from a risk model, herd-specific objectives, and predicted costs and benefits of each alternative. Decision analyses for 2 example herds revealed that meeting management objectives necessitates specific approaches unique to each herd. The analyses showed how and under what circumstances the alternatives are optimal compared to other approaches and current management. Managers can be confident that these decisions are effective, efficient, and realistic because they explicitly account for important considerations managers implicitly weigh when making decisions, including competing management objectives, uncertainty in potential outcomes, and risk tolerance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21088","usgsCitation":"Sells, S.N., Mitchell, M.S., Edwards, V.L., Gude, J., and Anderson, N.J., 2016, Structured decision making for managing pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 6, p. 957-969, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21088.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"957","endPage":"969","ipdsId":"IP-064077","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd4f3e4b014cc3a3ba4af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sells, Sarah N.","contributorId":171706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sells","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Victoria L.","contributorId":90149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gude, Justin A.","contributorId":95780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gude","given":"Justin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Neil J.","contributorId":85870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178871,"text":"70178871 - 2016 - Development and assessment of indices to determine stream fish vulnerability to climate change and habitat alteration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T15:35:26","indexId":"70178871","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and assessment of indices to determine stream fish vulnerability to climate change and habitat alteration","docAbstract":"Understanding the future impacts of climate and land use change are critical for long-term biodiversity conservation. We developed and compared two indices to assess the vulnerability of stream fish in Missouri, USA based on species environmental tolerances, rarity, range size, dispersal ability and on the average connectivity of the streams occupied by each species. These two indices differed in how environmental tolerance was classified (i.e., vulnerability to habitat alteration, changes in stream temperature, and changes to flow regimes). Environmental tolerance was classified based on measured species responses to habitat alteration, and extremes in stream temperatures and flow conditions for one index, while environmental tolerance for the second index was based on species’ traits. The indices were compared to determine if vulnerability scores differed by index or state listing status. We also evaluated the spatial distribution of species classified as vulnerable to habitat alteration, changes in stream temperature, and change in flow regimes. Vulnerability scores were calculated for all 133 species with the trait association index, while only 101 species were evaluated using the species response index, because 32 species lacked data to analyze for a response. Scores from the trait association index were greater than the species response index. This is likely due to the species response index's inability to evaluate many rare species, which generally had high vulnerability scores for the trait association index. The indices were consistent in classifying vulnerability to habitat alteration, but varied in their classification of vulnerability due to increases in stream temperature and alterations to flow regimes, likely because extremes in current climate may not fully capture future conditions and their influence on stream fish communities. Both indices showed higher mean vulnerability scores for listed species than unlisted species, which provided a coarse measure of validation. Our indices classified species identified as being in need of conservation by the state of Missouri as highly vulnerable. The distribution of vulnerable species in Missouri showed consistent patterns between indices, with the more forest-dominated, groundwater fed streams in the Ozark subregion generally having higher numbers and proportions of vulnerable species per site than subregions that were agriculturally dominated with more overland flow. These results suggest that both indices will identify similar habitats as conservation action targets despite discrepancies in the classification of vulnerable species. Our vulnerability assessment provides a framework that can be refined and used in other regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.013","usgsCitation":"Sievert, N., Paukert, C.P., Tsang, Y., and Infante, D.M., 2016, Development and assessment of indices to determine stream fish vulnerability to climate change and habitat alteration: Ecological Indicators, v. 67, p. 403-416, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.013.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"403","endPage":"416","ipdsId":"IP-069170","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584bd0dee4b077fc20250e0e","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.013","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.013","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Sievert Nicholas A., Paukert Craig P., Tsang Yin-Phan, Infante Dana","journalName":"Ecological Indicators","publicationDate":"8/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sievert, Nicholas A. 0000-0003-3160-7596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3160-7596","contributorId":177341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sievert","given":"Nicholas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545 cpaukert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","email":"cpaukert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tsang, Yin-Phan","contributorId":177342,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsang","given":"Yin-Phan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Infante, Dana M. 0000-0003-1385-1587","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1385-1587","contributorId":150821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Infante","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":18112,"text":"Dept. of Fisheries and Wildlife,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":655398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175622,"text":"70175622 - 2016 - Field scale test of multi-dimensional flow and morphodynamic simulations used for restoration design analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T11:54:51","indexId":"70175622","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Field scale test of multi-dimensional flow and morphodynamic simulations used for restoration design analysis","docAbstract":"Two- and three-dimensional morphodynamic simulations are becoming common in studies of channel form and process. The performance of these simulations are often validated against measurements from laboratory studies. Collecting channel change information in natural settings for \r\nmodel validation is difficult because it can be expensive and under most channel forming flows the resulting channel change is generally small. Several channel restoration projects designed in part to armor large \r\nmeanders with several large spurs constructed of wooden piles on the Kootenai River, ID, have resulted in rapid bed elevation change following construction. Monitoring of these restoration projects includes post- restoration (as-built) Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) as well as additional channel surveys following high channel forming flows post-construction. The resulting sequence of measured bathymetry provides excellent validation data for morphodynamic simulations at the reach scale of a real river. In this paper we test the performance a quasi-three-dimensional morphodynamic simulation against the measured elevation change. The resulting simulations predict the pattern of channel change reasonably well but many of the details such as the maximum scour are under predicted.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"RiverFlow 2016","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","isbn":"9781138029132","usgsCitation":"McDonald, R.R., Nelson, J.M., Fosness, R.L., and Nelson, P.O., 2016, Field scale test of multi-dimensional flow and morphodynamic simulations used for restoration design analysis, in RiverFlow 2016, p. 1390-1398.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1390","endPage":"1398","ipdsId":"IP-073664","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328124,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328123,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/River-Flow-2016-Iowa-City-USA-July-11-14-2016/Constantinescu-Garcia-Hanes/p/book/9781138029132"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7ffb3e4b0f2f0cebfc262","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Constantinescu, George","contributorId":174167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Constantinescu","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7241,"text":"IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647622,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garcia, Marcelo H.","contributorId":74236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Marcelo H.","affiliations":[{"id":33106,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647623,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanes, Dan","contributorId":174168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanes","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12995,"text":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Saint Louis University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647624,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"McDonald, Richard R. 0000-0002-0703-0638 rmcd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0703-0638","contributorId":2428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"Richard","email":"rmcd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Jonathan M. 0000-0002-7632-8526 jmn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-8526","contributorId":2812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Jonathan","email":"jmn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fosness, Ryan L. 0000-0003-4089-2704 rfosness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-2704","contributorId":2703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosness","given":"Ryan","email":"rfosness@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Peter O.","contributorId":15981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175576,"text":"70175576 - 2016 - Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink‐footed geese: 2016 progress summary: Technical Report from DCE – Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, No. 86","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T11:59:18","indexId":"70175576","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink‐footed geese: 2016 progress summary: Technical Report from DCE – Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, No. 86","docAbstract":"This document describes progress to date on the development of an adaptive\r\nharvest management strategy for maintaining the Svalbard population of pink‐footed geese (Anser brachyrhynchus) near their agreed target level (60,000) by providing for sustainable harvests in Norway and Denmark. This report provides an assessment of the most recent monitoring information (1991-2015) and its implications for the harvest management strategy. By combining varying hypotheses about survival and reproduction, a suite of nine models have been developed that represent a wide range of possibilities concerning the extent to which demographic rates are density\r\ndependent or independent. These results suggest that the pink‐footed goose\r\npopulation may have recently experienced a release from density‐dependent\r\nmechanisms, corresponding to the period of most rapid growth in population size. Beginning with the 2016 hunting season, harvest quotas will be prescribed on an annual basis rather than every three years because of the potential to better meet population management objectives. Based on updated model weights, the recent observations of population size (74,800), the proportion of the population comprised of one-year-old birds (0.138), and temperature days in Svalbard (20), the optimal harvest quota for the 2016 hunting season is 25,000. The large increase in quota compared to that during first three years of AHM reflects stakeholders’ desire to reduce population size to the goal of 60,000, recognizing that population size remains relatively high and above-average production is expected in 2016 due to a warm spring.","language":"English","publisher":"Danish Centre for Environment and Energy","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., and Madsen, J., 2016, Adaptive harvest management for the Svalbard population of pink‐footed geese: 2016 progress summary: Technical Report from DCE – Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, No. 86, v. 86, 24 p.","productDescription":"24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-076495","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328126,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":326644,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dce2.au.dk/pub/TR86.pdf"}],"volume":"86","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7ffade4b0f2f0cebfc216","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madsen, Jesper","contributorId":9950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"Jesper","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185009,"text":"70185009 - 2016 - Microbial pathogens in source and treated waters from drinking water treatment plants in the United States and implications for human health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:11:38","indexId":"70185009","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial pathogens in source and treated waters from drinking water treatment plants in the United States and implications for human health","docAbstract":"An occurrence survey was conducted on selected pathogens in source and treated drinking water collected from 25 drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) in the United States. Water samples were analyzed for the protozoa Giardia and Cryptosporidium (EPA Method 1623); the fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus (quantitative PCR [qPCR]); and the bacteria Legionella pneumophila (qPCR), Mycobacterium avium, M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and Mycobacterium intracellulare (qPCR and culture). Cryptosporidium and Giardia were detected in 25% and in 46% of the source water samples, respectively (treated waters were not tested). Aspergillus fumigatus was the most commonly detected fungus in source waters (48%) but none of the three fungi were detected in treated water. Legionella pneumophila was detected in 25% of the source water samples but in only 4% of treated water samples. M. avium and M. intracellulare were both detected in 25% of source water, while all three mycobacteria were detected in 36% of treated water samples. Five species of mycobacteria, Mycobacterium mucogenicum, Mycobacterium phocaicum, Mycobacterium triplex, Mycobacterium fortuitum, and Mycobacterium lentiflavum were cultured from treated water samples. Although these DWTPs represent a fraction of those in the U.S., the results suggest that many of these pathogens are widespread in source waters but that treatment is generally effective in reducing them to below detection limits. The one exception is the mycobacteria, which were commonly detected in treated water, even when not detected in source waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.214","usgsCitation":"King, D.N., Donohue, M.J., Vesper, S.J., Villegas, E.N., Ware, M.W., Vogel, M.E., Furlong, E., Kolpin, D.W., Glassmeyer, S., and Pfaller, S., 2016, Microbial pathogens in source and treated waters from drinking water treatment plants in the United States and implications for human health: Science of the Total Environment, v. 562, p. 987-995, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.214.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"987","endPage":"995","ipdsId":"IP-061631","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.214","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337446,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"562","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa1e4b0849ce9795ea8","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.214","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.214","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"King Dawn N., Donohue Maura J., Vesper Stephen J., Villegas Eric N., Ware Michael W., Vogel Megan E., Furlong Edward F., Kolpin Dana W., Glassmeyer Susan T., Pfaller Stacy","journalName":"Science of The Total Environment","publicationDate":"8/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Dawn N.","contributorId":189145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donohue, Maura J.","contributorId":189146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donohue","given":"Maura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vesper, Stephen J.","contributorId":78296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vesper","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villegas, Eric N.","contributorId":56947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Villegas","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ware, Michael W.","contributorId":65357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ware","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vogel, Megan E.","contributorId":189147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vogel","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Furlong, Edward","contributorId":62689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Glassmeyer, Susan T.","contributorId":72924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glassmeyer","given":"Susan T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pfaller, Stacy","contributorId":189148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pfaller","given":"Stacy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70185010,"text":"70185010 - 2016 - Geochemistry of the Black Sea during the last 15 kyr: A protracted evolution of its hydrography and ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T14:56:03","indexId":"70185010","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3002,"text":"Paleoceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of the Black Sea during the last 15 kyr: A protracted evolution of its hydrography and ecology","docAbstract":"The Black Sea is a 2200 m deep anoxic, marine sea connected to the Mediterranean Sea via the Dardanelles Strait, Marmara Sea, and the 3 km wide, 35 m deep Bosphorus Strait. The biogeochemistry of sediment from the Anatolia slope has recorded changes to the hydrography leading up to and following the input of Mediterranean water at ~9.4 ka (103 years B.P.), when global sea level rose to the level of the Bosphorus sill and high-salinity water from the Mediterranean began to spill into the then brackish lake. The water initially mixed little with the lake water but cascaded to the bottom where it remained essentially isolated for ~1.6 kyr, the time required to fill the basin from the bottom up at its present input rate. The accumulation of Mo in the seafloor sediments, a proxy of bottom-water anoxia, increased sharply at ~8.6 ka, when bacterial respiration in the bottom water advanced to SO42− reduction by the oxidation of organic detritus that settled out of the photic zone. Its accumulation remained elevated to ~5.6 ka, when it decreased 60%, only to again increase slightly at ~2.0 ka. The accumulation of Corg, a proxy of primary productivity, increased threefold to fourfold at ~7.8 ka, when upward mixing of the high-salinity bottom water replaced the then thin veneer of the brackish photic zone in less than 50 years. From that time onward, the accumulation of Corg, Mo, and additional trace metals has reflected the hydrography of the basin and Bosphorus Strait, controlled largely by climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016PA002949","usgsCitation":"Piper, D.Z., 2016, Geochemistry of the Black Sea during the last 15 kyr: A protracted evolution of its hydrography and ecology: Paleoceanography, v. 31, no. 8, p. 1117-1137, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016PA002949.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1117","endPage":"1137","ipdsId":"IP-062979","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016pa002949","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Black Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 27.1142578125,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n 41.87988281249999,\n 40.51379915504413\n ],\n [\n 41.87988281249999,\n 47.12995075666307\n ],\n [\n 27.1142578125,\n 47.12995075666307\n ],\n [\n 27.1142578125,\n 40.51379915504413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90127e4b0849ce97abce7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piper, David Z. dzpiper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piper","given":"David","email":"dzpiper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70182794,"text":"70182794 - 2016 - Smokey comes of age: Unmanned aerial systems for fire management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-01T11:41:00","indexId":"70182794","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1701,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Smokey comes of age: Unmanned aerial systems for fire management","docAbstract":"During the past century, fire management has focused on techniques both to protect human communities from catastrophic wildfire and to maintain fire-dependent ecological systems. However, despite a large and increasing allocation of resources and personnel to achieve these goals, fire management objectives at regional to global scales are not being met. Current fire management techniques are clearly inadequate for the challenges faced by fire managers, and technological innovations are needed. Advances in unmanned aerial systems (UAS) technology provide opportunities for innovation in fire management and science. In many countries, fire management organizations are beginning to explore the potential of UAS for monitoring fires. We have taken the next step and developed a prototype that can precisely ignite fires as part of wildfire suppression tactics or prescribed fires (fire intentionally ignited within predetermined conditions to reduce hazardous fuels, improve habitat, or mitigate for large wildfires). We discuss the potential for these technologies to benefit fire management activities, while acknowledging the sizeable sociopolitical barriers that prevent their immediate broad application.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/fee.1299","usgsCitation":"Twidwell, D., Allen, C.R., Detweiler, C., Higgins, J., Laney, C., and Elbaum, S., 2016, Smokey comes of age: Unmanned aerial systems for fire management: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 14, no. 6, p. 333-339, https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1299.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"333","endPage":"339","ipdsId":"IP-074519","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba7e4b01ccd5500bb15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twidwell, Dirac","contributorId":187431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Twidwell","given":"Dirac","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Detweiler, Carrick","contributorId":187432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Detweiler","given":"Carrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Higgins, James","contributorId":187433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Higgins","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Laney, Christian","contributorId":187434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laney","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elbaum, Sebastian","contributorId":187435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elbaum","given":"Sebastian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70184321,"text":"70184321 - 2016 - Synchrony of Piping Plover breeding populations in the U.S. Northern Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-07T16:01:37","indexId":"70184321","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synchrony of Piping Plover breeding populations in the U.S. Northern Great Plains","docAbstract":"Local populations that fluctuate synchronously are at a greater risk of extinction than those that do not. The closer the geographic proximity of populations, the more prone they are to synchronizing. Shorebird species select habitat broadly, and many breed across regions with diverse nesting habitat types. Under these conditions, nearby populations may experience conditions sufficiently different to prevent population synchrony, despite dispersal. In the U.S. Northern Great Plains, the Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus), federally listed as Threatened, is a migratory shorebird species that nests on the shorelines of rivers, reservoirs, and alkaline lakes. We assessed the degree to which local plover breeding population abundances were correlated (population synchrony), changed over time (population stability), and were influenced by environmental factors such as available habitat, precipitation, and within-season reservoir level rise. We found that the abundances of breeding populations nesting in riverine and reservoir habitats were the most synchronous, while populations nesting in alkaline lake habitats exhibited the greatest stability. Changes in local breeding population abundances were not explained by a single factor across habitat types. However, the abundances of local populations nesting in alkaline lake and river shoreline habitats were positively correlated with changes in nesting habitat availability. Our results suggest that dispersal among populations nesting in either river or reservoir and alkaline lake shoreline habitat may have an overall stabilizing effect on the persistence of the Great Plains Piping Plover metapopulation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-15-195.1","usgsCitation":"Roche, E.A., Shaffer, T.L., Dovichin, C.M., Sherfy, M.H., Anteau, M.J., and Wiltermuth, M.T., 2016, Synchrony of Piping Plover breeding populations in the U.S. Northern Great Plains: Condor, v. 118, no. 3, p. 558-570, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-15-195.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"558","endPage":"570","ipdsId":"IP-070511","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-15-195.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336977,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd4f4e4b014cc3a3ba4bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roche, Erin A. eroche@usgs.gov","contributorId":5558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roche","given":"Erin","email":"eroche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaffer, Terry L. 0000-0001-6950-8951 tshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-8951","contributorId":3192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Terry","email":"tshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dovichin, Colin M. 0000-0002-9325-5779 cdovichin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9325-5779","contributorId":4505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dovichin","given":"Colin","email":"cdovichin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherfy, Mark H. 0000-0003-3016-4105 msherfy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3016-4105","contributorId":125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherfy","given":"Mark","email":"msherfy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wiltermuth, Mark T. 0000-0002-8871-2816 mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-2816","contributorId":708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiltermuth","given":"Mark","email":"mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70184323,"text":"70184323 - 2016 - Transmission of influenza reflects seasonality of wild birds across the annual cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-20T20:24:49","indexId":"70184323","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transmission of influenza reflects seasonality of wild birds across the annual cycle","docAbstract":"Influenza A Viruses (IAV) in nature must overcome shifting transmission barriers caused by the mobility of their primary host, migratory wild birds, that change throughout the annual cycle. Using a phylogenetic network of viral sequences from North American wild birds (2008–2011) we demonstrate a shift from intraspecific to interspecific transmission that along with reassortment, allows IAV to achieve viral flow across successive seasons from summer to winter. Our study supports amplification of IAV during summer breeding seeded by overwintering virus persisting locally and virus introduced from a wide range of latitudes. As birds migrate from breeding sites to lower latitudes, they become involved in transmission networks with greater connectivity to other bird species, with interspecies transmission of reassortant viruses peaking during the winter. We propose that switching transmission dynamics may be a critical strategy for pathogens that infect mobile hosts inhabiting regions with strong seasonality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ele.12629","usgsCitation":"Hill, N., Meixell, B.W., Ma, E.J., Lindberg, M., Boyce, W.M., and Runstadler, J.A., 2016, Transmission of influenza reflects seasonality of wild birds across the annual cycle: Ecology Letters, v. 19, no. 8, p. 915-925, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12629.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"915","endPage":"925","ipdsId":"IP-068582","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58bfd4f4e4b014cc3a3ba4b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Nichola J.","contributorId":30342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Nichola J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ma, Eric J.","contributorId":177788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":89466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark S.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyce, Walter M.","contributorId":75671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Runstadler, Jonathan A.","contributorId":24706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Runstadler","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70182808,"text":"70182808 - 2016 - The influence of vegetation cover on debris-flow density during an extreme rainfall in the northern Colorado Front Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-01T10:34:39","indexId":"70182808","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of vegetation cover on debris-flow density during an extreme rainfall in the northern Colorado Front Range","docAbstract":"We explored regional influences on debris-flow initiation throughout the Colorado Front Range (Colorado, USA) by exploiting a unique data set of more than 1100 debris flows that initiated during a 5 day rainstorm in 2013. Using geospatial data, we examined the influence of rain, hillslope angle, hillslope aspect, and vegetation density on debris-flow initiation. In particular we used a greenness index to differentiate areas of high tree density from grass and bare soil. The data demonstrated an overwhelming propensity for debris-flow initiation on south-facing hillslopes. However, when the debris-flow density was analyzed with respect to total rainfall and greenness we found that most debris flows occurred in areas of high rainfall and low tree density, regardless of hillslope aspect. These results indicate that present-day tree density exerts a stronger influence on debris-flow initiation locations than aspect-driven variations in soil and bedrock properties that developed over longer time scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G38096.1","usgsCitation":"Rengers, F.K., McGuire, L., Coe, J.A., Kean, J.W., Baum, R.L., Staley, D.M., and Godt, J.W., 2016, The influence of vegetation cover on debris-flow density during an extreme rainfall in the northern Colorado Front Range: Geology, v. 44, no. 10, p. 823-826, https://doi.org/10.1130/G38096.1.","productDescription":"4 p. ","startPage":"823","endPage":"826","ipdsId":"IP-077868","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba7e4b01ccd5500bb13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Luke lmcguire@usgs.gov","contributorId":167018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Luke","email":"lmcguire@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":673838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70185006,"text":"70185006 - 2016 - Damage and recovery assessment of the Philippines' mangroves following Super Typhoon Haiyan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T16:05:49","indexId":"70185006","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Damage and recovery assessment of the Philippines' mangroves following Super Typhoon Haiyan","docAbstract":"We quantified mangrove disturbance resulting from Super Typhoon Haiyan using a remote sensing approach. Mangrove areas were mapped prior to Haiyan using 30 m Landsat imagery and a supervised decision-tree classification. A time sequence of 250 m eMODIS data was used to monitor mangrove condition prior to, and following, Haiyan. Based on differences in eMODIS NDVI observations before and after the storm, we classified mangrove into three damage level categories: minimal, moderate, or severe. Mangrove damage in terms of extent and severity was greatest where Haiyan first made landfall on Eastern Samar and Western Samar provinces and lessened westward corresponding with decreasing storm intensity as Haiyan tracked from east to west across the Visayas region of the Philippines. However, within 18 months following Haiyan, mangrove areas classified as severely, moderately, and minimally damaged decreased by 90%, 81%, and 57%, respectively, indicating mangroves resilience to powerful typhoons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.080","usgsCitation":"Long, J., Giri, C., Primavera, J., and Trivedi, M., 2016, Damage and recovery assessment of the Philippines' mangroves following Super Typhoon Haiyan: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 109, no. 2, p. 734-743, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.080.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"734","endPage":"743","ipdsId":"IP-059352","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Philippines","volume":"109","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa2e4b0849ce9795eaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Jordan 0000-0002-4814-464X jlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-464X","contributorId":3609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Jordan","email":"jlong@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giri, Chandra cgiri@usgs.gov","contributorId":189128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"Chandra","email":"cgiri@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Primavera, Jurgene H.","contributorId":56151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Primavera","given":"Jurgene H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trivedi, Mandar","contributorId":189130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trivedi","given":"Mandar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185005,"text":"70185005 - 2016 - Electrofishing effort requirements for estimating species richness in the Kootenai River, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T13:47:30","indexId":"70185005","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electrofishing effort requirements for estimating species richness in the Kootenai River, Idaho","docAbstract":"This study was conducted on the Kootenai River, Idaho to provide insight on sampling requirements to optimize future monitoring effort associated with the response of fish assemblages to habitat rehabilitation. Our objective was to define the electrofishing effort (m) needed to have a 95% probability of sampling 50, 75, and 100% of the observed species richness and to evaluate the relative influence of depth, velocity, and instream woody cover on sample size requirements. Sidechannel habitats required more sampling effort to achieve 75 and 100% of the total species richness than main-channel habitats. The sampling effort required to have a 95% probability of sampling 100% of the species richness was 1100 m for main-channel sites and 1400 m for side-channel sites. We hypothesized that the difference in sampling requirements between main- and side-channel habitats was largely due to differences in habitat characteristics and species richness between main- and side-channel habitats. In general, main-channel habitats had lower species richness than side-channel habitats. Habitat characteristics (i.e., depth, current velocity, and woody instream cover) were not related to sample size requirements. Our guidelines will improve sampling efficiency during monitoring effort in the Kootenai River and provide insight on sampling designs for other large western river systems where electrofishing is used to assess fish assemblages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.090.0310","usgsCitation":"Watkins, C.J., Quist, M.C., Shepard, B.B., and Ireland, S., 2016, Electrofishing effort requirements for estimating species richness in the Kootenai River, Idaho: Northwest Science, v. 90, no. 3, p. 315-327, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.090.0310.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"327","ipdsId":"IP-057553","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Kootenai River","volume":"90","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa2e4b0849ce9795eac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watkins, Carson J.","contributorId":171708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watkins","given":"Carson","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":683913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shepard, Bradley B.","contributorId":145880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shepard","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6765,"text":"Montana State University, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":683964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ireland, Susan C.","contributorId":18244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ireland","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70184989,"text":"70184989 - 2016 - Coseismic slip and early afterslip of the 2015 Illapel, Chile, earthquake: Implications for frictional heterogeneity and coastal uplift","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T13:54:13","indexId":"70184989","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coseismic slip and early afterslip of the 2015 Illapel, Chile, earthquake: Implications for frictional heterogeneity and coastal uplift","docAbstract":"Great subduction earthquakes are thought to rupture portions of the megathrust, where interseismic coupling is high and velocity-weakening frictional behavior is dominant, releasing elastic deformation accrued over a seismic cycle. Conversely, postseismic afterslip is assumed to occur primarily in regions of velocity-strengthening frictional characteristics that may correlate with lower interseismic coupling. However, it remains unclear if fixed frictional properties of the subduction interface, coseismic or aftershock-induced stress redistribution, or other factors control the spatial distribution of afterslip. Here we use interferometric synthetic aperture radar and Global Position System observations to map the distribution of coseismic slip of the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile, earthquake and afterslip within the first 38 days following the earthquake. We find that afterslip overlaps the coseismic slip area and propagates along-strike into regions of both high and moderate interseismic coupling. The significance of these observations, however, is tempered by the limited resolution of geodetic inversions for both slip and coupling. Additional afterslip imaged deeper on the fault surface bounds a discrete region of deep coseismic slip, and both contribute to net uplift of the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. A simple partitioning of the subduction interface into regions of fixed frictional properties cannot reconcile our geodetic observations. Instead, stress heterogeneities, either preexisting or induced by the earthquake, likely provide the primary control on the afterslip distribution for this subduction zone earthquake. We also explore the occurrence of coseismic and postseismic coastal uplift in this sequence and its implications for recent hypotheses concerning the source of permanent coastal uplift along subduction zones.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016JB013124","usgsCitation":"Barnhart, W.D., Murray, J.R., Briggs, R.W., Gomez, F., Miles, C., Svarc, J.L., Riquelme, S., and Stressler, B.J., 2016, Coseismic slip and early afterslip of the 2015 Illapel, Chile, earthquake: Implications for frictional heterogeneity and coastal uplift: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 121, no. 8, p. 6172-6191, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013124.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"6172","endPage":"6191","ipdsId":"IP-075669","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jb013124","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","volume":"121","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa3e4b0849ce9795eb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhart, William D. wbarnhart@usgs.gov","contributorId":5299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"William","email":"wbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, Jessica R. 0000-0002-6144-1681 jrmurray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-1681","contributorId":2759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Jessica","email":"jrmurray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":4136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gomez, Francisco","contributorId":189090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gomez","given":"Francisco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miles, Charles P. J.","contributorId":189091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miles","given":"Charles P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Svarc, Jerry L. 0000-0002-2802-4528 jsvarc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2802-4528","contributorId":2413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"Jerry","email":"jsvarc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Riquelme, Sebástian","contributorId":31684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riquelme","given":"Sebástian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stressler, Bryan J.","contributorId":189093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stressler","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70184990,"text":"70184990 - 2016 - Origin of the pulse-like signature of shallow long-period volcano seismicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T13:27:06","indexId":"70184990","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of the pulse-like signature of shallow long-period volcano seismicity","docAbstract":"Short-duration, pulse-like long-period (LP) events are a characteristic type of seismicity accompanying eruptive activity at Mount Etna in Italy in 2004 and 2008 and at Turrialba Volcano in Costa Rica and Ubinas Volcano in Peru in 2009. We use the discrete wave number method to compute the free surface response in the near field of a rectangular tensile crack embedded in a homogeneous elastic half space and to gain insights into the origin of the LP pulses. Two source models are considered, including (1) a vertical fluid-driven crack and (2) a unilateral tensile rupture growing at a fixed sub-Rayleigh velocity with constant opening on a vertical crack. We apply cross correlation to the synthetics and data to demonstrate that a fluid-driven crack provides a natural explanation for these data with realistic source sizes and fluid properties. Our modeling points to shallow sources (<1 km depth), whose signatures are representative of the Rayleigh pulse sampled at epicentral distances >∼1 km. While a slow-rupture failure provides another potential model for these events, the synthetics and resulting fits to the data are not optimal in this model compared to a fluid-driven source. We infer that pulse-like LP signatures are parts of the continuum of responses produced by shallow fluid-driven sources in volcanoes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016JB013152","usgsCitation":"Chouet, B.A., and Dawson, P.B., 2016, Origin of the pulse-like signature of shallow long-period volcano seismicity: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 121, no. 8, p. 5931-5941, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013152.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"5931","endPage":"5941","ipdsId":"IP-075756","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jb013152","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa3e4b0849ce9795eb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chouet, Bernard A. 0000-0001-5527-0532 chouet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-0532","contributorId":3304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","email":"chouet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. dawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70184991,"text":"70184991 - 2016 - Observations and modeling of fjord sedimentation during the 30 year retreat of Columbia Glacier, AK","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T13:24:42","indexId":"70184991","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations and modeling of fjord sedimentation during the 30 year retreat of Columbia Glacier, AK","docAbstract":"To explore links between glacier dynamics, sediment yields and the accumulation of glacial sediments in a temperate setting, we use extensive glaciological observations for Columbia Glacier, Alaska, and new oceanographic data from the fjord exposed during its retreat. High-resolution seismic data indicate that 3.2 × 108 m3 of sediment has accumulated in Columbia Fjord over the past three decades, which corresponds to ~5 mm a−1 of erosion averaged over the glaciated area. We develop a general model to infer the sediment-flux history from the glacier that is compatible with the observed retreat history, and the thickness and architecture of the fjord sediment deposits. Results reveal a fivefold increase in sediment flux from 1997 to 2000, which is not correlated with concurrent changes in ice flux or retreat rate. We suggest the flux increase resulted from an increase in the sediment transport capacity of the subglacial hydraulic system due to the retreat-related steepening of the glacier surface over a known subglacial deep basin. Because variations in subglacial sediment storage can impact glacial sediment flux, in addition to changes in climate, erosion rate and glacier dynamics, the interpretation of climatic changes based on the sediment record is more complex than generally assumed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/jog.2016.67","usgsCitation":"Love, K.B., Hallet, B., Pratt, T.L., and O’Neel, S., 2016, Observations and modeling of fjord sedimentation during the 30 year retreat of Columbia Glacier, AK: Journal of Glaciology, v. 62, no. 234, p. 778-793, https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.67.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"778","endPage":"793","ipdsId":"IP-073403","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470693,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.67","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Glacier","volume":"62","issue":"234","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa3e4b0849ce9795eae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Katherine B","contributorId":189094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Love","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hallet, Bernard","contributorId":189095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hallet","given":"Bernard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185015,"text":"70185015 - 2016 - Population characteristics and the suppression of nonnative Burbot","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T14:38:13","indexId":"70185015","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population characteristics and the suppression of nonnative Burbot","docAbstract":"Burbot Lota lota were illegally introduced into the Green River, Wyoming, drainage and have since proliferated throughout the system. Burbot in the Green River pose a threat to native species and to socially, economically, and ecologically important recreational fisheries. Therefore, managers of the Green River are interested in implementing a suppression program for Burbot. We collected demographic data on Burbot in the Green River (summer and autumn 2013) and used the information to construct an age-based population model (female-based Leslie matrix) to simulate the population-level response of Burbot to the selective removal of different age-classes. Burbot in the Green River grew faster, matured at relatively young ages, and were highly fecund compared with other Burbot populations within the species’ native distribution. The age-structured population model, in conjunction with demographic information, indicated that the Burbot population in the Green River could be expected to increase under current conditions. The model also indicated that the Burbot population in the Green River would decline once total annual mortality reached 58%. The population growth of Burbot in the Green River was most sensitive to age-0 and age-1 mortality. The age-structured population model indicated that an increase in mortality, particularly for younger age-classes, would result in the effective suppression of the Burbot population in the Green River.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2016.1173137","usgsCitation":"Klein, Z.B., Quist, M.C., Rhea, D.T., and Senecal, A.C., 2016, Population characteristics and the suppression of nonnative Burbot: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 36, no. 5, p. 1006-1017, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2016.1173137.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1006","endPage":"1017","ipdsId":"IP-065302","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90127e4b0849ce97abce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Zachary B.","contributorId":171709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klein","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":683957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rhea, Darren T.","contributorId":74650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhea","given":"Darren","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Senecal, Anna C.","contributorId":171649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Senecal","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185022,"text":"70185022 - 2016 - Fortnightly modulation of San Andreas tremor and low-frequency earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T13:50:59","indexId":"70185022","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fortnightly modulation of San Andreas tremor and low-frequency earthquakes","docAbstract":"Earth tides modulate tremor and low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) on faults in the vicinity of the brittle−ductile (seismic−aseismic) transition. The response to the tidal stress carries otherwise inaccessible information about fault strength and rheology. Here, we analyze the LFE response to the fortnightly tide, which modulates the amplitude of the daily tidal stress over a 14-d cycle. LFE rate is highest during the waxing fortnightly tide, with LFEs most strongly promoted when the daily stress exceeds the previous peak stress by the widest margin. This pattern implies a threshold failure process, with slip initiated when stress exceeds the local fault strength. Variations in sensitivity to the fortnightly modulation may reflect the degree of stress concentration on LFE-producing brittle asperities embedded within an otherwise aseismic fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1524316113","usgsCitation":"van der Elst, N., Delorey, A., Shelly, D.R., and Johnson, P., 2016, Fortnightly modulation of San Andreas tremor and low-frequency earthquakes: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 113, no. 31, p. 8601-8605, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524316113.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"8601","endPage":"8605","ipdsId":"IP-069380","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524316113","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 36.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","issue":"31","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90127e4b0849ce97abce3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van der Elst, Nicholas 0000-0002-3812-1153 nvanderelst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3812-1153","contributorId":147858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van der Elst","given":"Nicholas","email":"nvanderelst@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Delorey, Andrew","contributorId":189149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delorey","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Paul","contributorId":189150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70184982,"text":"70184982 - 2016 - Amplification of postwildfire peak flow by debris","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T13:59:44","indexId":"70184982","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Amplification of postwildfire peak flow by debris","docAbstract":"In burned steeplands, the peak depth and discharge of postwildfire runoff can substantially increase from the addition of debris. Yet methods to estimate the increase over water flow are lacking. We quantified the potential amplification of peak stage and discharge using video observations of postwildfire runoff, compiled data on postwildfire peak flow (Qp), and a physically based model. Comparison of flood and debris flow data with similar distributions in drainage area (A) and rainfall intensity (I) showed that the median runoff coefficient (C = Qp/AI) of debris flows is 50 times greater than that of floods. The striking increase in Qp can be explained using a fully predictive model that describes the additional flow resistance caused by the emergence of coarse-grained surge fronts. The model provides estimates of the amplification of peak depth, discharge, and shear stress needed for assessing postwildfire hazards and constraining models of bedrock incision.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016GL069661","usgsCitation":"Kean, J.W., McGuire, L., Rengers, F.K., Smith, J.B., and Staley, D.M., 2016, Amplification of postwildfire peak flow by debris: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 16, p. 8545-8553, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069661.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"8545","endPage":"8553","ipdsId":"IP-078640","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470705,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl069661","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa4e4b0849ce9795eb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Luke lmcguire@usgs.gov","contributorId":167018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Luke","email":"lmcguire@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":683818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rengers, Francis K. 0000-0002-1825-0943 frengers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0943","contributorId":150422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rengers","given":"Francis","email":"frengers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Joel B. 0000-0001-7219-7875 jbsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-7875","contributorId":4925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joel","email":"jbsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}