In 2010, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) assessed Lower Cretaceous Albian to Upper Cretaceous Cenomanian carbonate rocks of the Fredericksburg and Washita Groups and their equivalent units for technically recoverable, undiscovered hydrocarbon resources underlying onshore lands and State Waters of the Gulf Coast region of the United States. This assessment was based on a geologic model that incorporates the Upper Jurassic-Cretaceous-Tertiary Composite Total Petroleum System (TPS) of the Gulf of Mexico basin; the TPS was defined previously by the USGS assessment team in the assessment of undiscovered hydrocarbon resources in Tertiary strata of the Gulf Coast region in 2007. One conventional assessment unit (AU), which extends from south Texas to the Florida panhandle, was defined: the Fredericksburg-Buda Carbonate Platform-Reef Gas and Oil AU. The assessed stratigraphic interval includes the Edwards Limestone of the Fredericksburg Group and the Georgetown and Buda Limestones of the Washita Group. The following factors were evaluated to define the AU and estimate oil and gas resources: potential source rocks, hydrocarbon migration, reservoir porosity and permeability, traps and seals, structural features, paleoenvironments (back-reef lagoon, reef, and fore-reef environments), and the potential for water washing of hydrocarbons near outcrop areas.
In Texas and Louisiana, the downdip boundary of the AU was defined as a line that extends 10 miles downdip of the Lower Cretaceous shelf margin to include potential reef-talus hydrocarbon reservoirs. In Mississippi, Alabama, and the panhandle area of Florida, where the Lower Cretaceous shelf margin extends offshore, the downdip boundary was defined by the offshore boundary of State Waters. Updip boundaries of the AU were drawn based on the updip extent of carbonate rocks within the assessed interval, the presence of basin-margin fault zones, and the presence of producing wells. Other factors evaluated were the middle Cenomanian sea-level fall and erosion that removed large portions of platform and platform-margin carbonate sediments in the Washita Group of central Louisiana. The production history of discovered reservoirs and well data within the AU were examined to estimate the number and size of undiscovered oil and gas reservoirs within the AU. Using the USGS National Oil and Gas Assessment resource assessment methodology, mean volumes of 40 million barrels of oil, 622 billion cubic feet of gas, and 14 million barrels of natural gas liquids are the estimated technically recoverable undiscovered resources for the Fredericksburg-Buda Carbonate Platform-Reef Gas and Oil AU.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161199","usgsCitation":"Swanson, S.M., Enomoto, C.B., Dennen, K.O., Valentine, B.J., and Cahan, S.M., 2017, Geologic assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources—Lower Cretaceous Albian to Upper Cretaceous Cenomanian carbonate rocks of the Fredericksburg and Washita Groups, United States Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and State Waters: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1199, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161199.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 68 p.; Appendix 1: 2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-064618","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335075,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1199/ofr20161199.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1199"},{"id":335074,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1199/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":335076,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1199/ofr20161199_appendix1.pdf","text":"Appendix 1 - ","size":"446 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Input data form for the Fredericksburg-Buda Carbonate Platform-Reef Gas and Oil Assessment Unit (50490127)"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.20898437499999,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -90.3515625,\n 37.75334401310656\n ],\n [\n -90.9228515625,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -92.021484375,\n 35.746512259918504\n ],\n [\n -93.1201171875,\n 35.209721645221386\n ],\n [\n -94.74609375,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -96.6357421875,\n 34.125447565116126\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -98.9208984375,\n 33.687781758439364\n ],\n [\n -100.1513671875,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -101.4697265625,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n -102.1728515625,\n 31.27855085894653\n ],\n [\n -101.953125,\n 30.221101852485987\n ],\n [\n -101.42578124999999,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -100.5908203125,\n 28.729130483430154\n ],\n [\n -99.84374999999999,\n 27.605670826465445\n ],\n [\n -99.404296875,\n 26.941659545381516\n ],\n [\n -99.00878906249999,\n 26.31311263768267\n ],\n [\n -98.7451171875,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -97.03125,\n 26.27371402440643\n ],\n [\n -97.03125,\n 27.0982539061379\n ],\n [\n -96.6796875,\n 27.916766641249065\n ],\n [\n -95.49316406249999,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n -94.306640625,\n 29.075375179558346\n ],\n [\n -92.98828125,\n 29.11377539511439\n ],\n [\n -91.7138671875,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n -89.8681640625,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -89.07714843749999,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -88.8134765625,\n 29.19053283229458\n ],\n [\n -88.9453125,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -88.5498046875,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -86.8798828125,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -85.7373046875,\n 29.76437737516313\n ],\n [\n -85.1220703125,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n -84.55078125,\n 29.57345707301757\n ],\n [\n -84.111328125,\n 29.57345707301757\n ],\n [\n -83.6279296875,\n 29.305561325527698\n ],\n [\n -83.27636718749999,\n 29.036960648558267\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 30.44867367928756\n ],\n [\n -82.705078125,\n 31.690781806136822\n ],\n [\n -83.8037109375,\n 32.287132632616384\n ],\n [\n -85.1220703125,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -86.0009765625,\n 34.415973384481866\n ],\n [\n -87.099609375,\n 35.60371874069731\n ],\n [\n -87.6708984375,\n 37.26530995561875\n ],\n [\n -88.72558593749999,\n 37.78808138412046\n ],\n [\n -89.20898437499999,\n 37.996162679728116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Eastern Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Mail Stop 956
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
http://energy.usgs.gov/
The Wind River Basin in Wyoming is one of many structural and sedimentary basins that formed in the Rocky Mountain foreland during the Laramide orogeny. The basin is nearly 200 miles long, 70 miles wide, and encompasses about 7,400 square miles in central Wyoming. The basin is bounded by the Washakie Range, Owl Creek uplift, and southern Bighorn Mountains on the north, the Casper arch on the east, the Granite Mountains on the south, and Wind River Range on the west.
Many important conventional oil and gas fields producing from reservoirs ranging in age from Mississippian through Tertiary have been discovered in this basin. In addition, an extensive unconventional overpressured basin-centered gas accumulation has been identified in Cretaceous and Tertiary strata in the deeper parts of the basin. It has long been suggested that various Upper Cretaceous marine shales, including the Cody Shale, are the principal hydrocarbon source rocks for many of these accumulations. With recent advances and success in horizontal drilling and multistage fracture stimulation, there has been an increase in exploration and completion of wells in these marine shales in other Rocky Mountain Laramide basins that were traditionally thought of only as hydrocarbon source rocks.
The two stratigraphic cross sections presented in this report were constructed as part of a project carried out by the U.S. Geological Survey to characterize and evaluate the undiscovered continuous (unconventional) oil and gas resources of the Niobrara interval of the Upper Cretaceous Cody Shale in the Wind River Basin in central Wyoming. The primary purpose of the cross sections is to show the stratigraphic relationship of the Niobrara equivalent strata and associated rocks in the lower part of the Cody Shale in the Wind River Basin. These two cross sections were constructed using borehole geophysical logs from 37 wells drilled for oil and gas exploration and production, and one surface section along East Sheep Creek near Shotgun Butte in the northwestern part of the basin. Both lines originate at the East Sheep Creek surface section and end near Clarkson Hill in the extreme southeastern part of the basin. The stratigraphic interval extends from the upper part of the Frontier Formation to the middle part of the Cody Shale. The datum is the base of the “chalk kick” marker bed, a distinctive resistivity peak or zone in the lower part of the Cody Shale. A gamma ray and (or) spontaneous potential (SP) log was used in combination with a resistivity log to identify and correlate units. Marine molluscan index fossils collected from nearby outcrop sections were projected into the subsurface to help determine the relative ages of the strata and aid in correlation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3370","usgsCitation":"Finn, T.M., 2017, Stratigraphic cross sections of the Niobrara interval of the Cody Shale and associated rocks in the Wind River Basin, central Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3370, 19 p., 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3370.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 19 p.; Sheet: 56.00 x 29.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-073462","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3370/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":334325,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3370/sim3370.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.98 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3370 Pamphlet"},{"id":334327,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3370/sim3370_sheet.pdf","text":"Map","size":"1.56 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3370 Map"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wind River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 43.75\n ],\n [\n -106.5,\n 43.75\n ],\n [\n -106.5,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, USGS Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225
In this study, a monthly water-balance model is used to simulate monthly runoff for 2109 hydrologic units (HUs) in the conterminous United States (CONUS) for water-years 1901 through 2014. The monthly runoff time series for each HU were smoothed with a 3-month moving average, and then the 3-month moving-average runoff values were converted to percentiles. For each HU, a drought was considered to occur when the HU runoff percentile dropped to the 20th percentile or lower. A drought was considered to end when the HU runoff percentile exceeded the 20th percentile. After identifying drought events for each HU, the frequency and length of drought events were examined. Results indicated that (1) the longest mean drought lengths occur in the eastern CONUS and parts of the Rocky Mountain region and the northwestern CONUS, (2) the frequency of drought is highest in the southwestern and central CONUS, and lowest in the eastern CONUS, the Rocky Mountain region, and the northwestern CONUS, (3) droughts have occurred during all months of the year and there does not appear to be a seasonal pattern to drought occurrence, (4) the variability of precipitation appears to have been the principal climatic factor determining drought, and (5) for most of the CONUS, drought frequency appears to have decreased during the 1901 through 2014 period.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1002/joc.4756","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., Wolock, D.M., and Austin, S.H., 2017, Variability of runoff-based drought conditions in the conterminous United States: International Journal of Climatology, v. 37, no. 2, p. 1014-1021, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4756.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1014","endPage":"1021","ipdsId":"IP-073812","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Austin, Samuel H. 0000-0001-5626-023X saustin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-023X","contributorId":153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Samuel","email":"saustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191538,"text":"70191538 - 2017 - Compartmentalization of the Coso East Flank geothermal field imaged by 3-D full-tensor MT inversion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T11:10:13","indexId":"70191538","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compartmentalization of the Coso East Flank geothermal field imaged by 3-D full-tensor MT inversion","docAbstract":"Previous magnetotelluric (MT) studies of the high-temperature Coso geothermal system in California identified a subvertical feature of low resistivity (2–5 Ohm m) and appreciable lateral extent (>1 km) in the producing zone of the East Flank field. However, these models could not reproduce gross 3-D effects in the recorded data. We perform 3-D full-tensor inversion and retrieve a resistivity model that out-performs previous 2-D and 3-D off-diagonal models in terms of its fit to the complete 3-D MT data set as well as the degree of modelling bias. Inclusion of secondary Zxx and Zyy data components leads to a robust east-dip (60†) to the previously identified conductive East Flank reservoir feature, which correlates strongly with recently mapped surface faults, downhole well temperatures, 3-D seismic reflection data, and local microseismicity. We perform synthetic forward modelling to test the best-fit dip of this conductor using the response at a nearby MT station. We interpret the dipping conductor as a fractured and fluidized compartment, which is structurally controlled by an unmapped blind East Flank fault zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggw408","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, N.J., Kaven, J., Davatzes, N.C., and Newman, G.A., 2017, Compartmentalization of the Coso East Flank geothermal field imaged by 3-D full-tensor MT inversion: Geophysical Journal International, v. 208, no. 2, p. 652-662, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw408.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"652","endPage":"662","ipdsId":"IP-073610","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw408","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Coso Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.8,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -117.725,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -117.725,\n 36.075\n ],\n [\n -117.8,\n 36.075\n ],\n [\n -117.8,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"208","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e71692e4b05fe04cd331b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, Nathaniel J.","contributorId":197138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaven, J. 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However, many investigations into trends in water temperatures use regression methods that assume long-term monotonic changes in temperature, when in fact changes are likely to be nonmonotonic. Therefore, our objective was to highlight the need and provide an example of an analytical method to better quantify the short-term, nonmonotonic temporal changes in thermal habitat that are likely necessary to determine the effects of changing thermal conditions on fish populations and communities. To achieve this objective, this study uses Bayesian dynamic linear models (DLMs) to examine seasonal trends in river water temperatures from sites located in the eastern and western United States, regions that have dramatically different riverine habitats and fish communities. We estimated the annual rate of change in water temperature and found little evidence of seasonal changes in water temperatures in the eastern U.S. We found more evidence of warming for river sites located in the western U.S., particularly during the fall and winter seasons. Use of DLMs provided a more detailed view of temporal dynamics in river thermal habitat compared to more traditional methods by quantifying year-to-year changes and associated uncertainty, providing managers with the information needed to adapt decision making to short-term changes in habitat conditions that may be necessary for conserving aquatic resources in the face of a changing climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/w9020090","usgsCitation":"Wagner, T., Midway, S.R., Whittier, J.B., DeWeber, J.T., and Paukert, C.P., 2017, Annual changes in seasonal river water temperatures in the eastern and western United States: Water, v. 9, no. 2, 90; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/w9020090.","productDescription":"90; 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-071167","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w9020090","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.6650390625,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -106.58935546875,\n 36.914764288955936\n ],\n [\n -106.58935546875,\n 40.97989806962013\n ],\n [\n -111.6650390625,\n 40.97989806962013\n ],\n [\n -111.6650390625,\n 36.914764288955936\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.4638671875,\n 37.33522435930639\n ],\n [\n -74.37744140625,\n 37.33522435930639\n ],\n [\n -74.37744140625,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -80.4638671875,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -80.4638671875,\n 37.33522435930639\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a06c8d1e4b09af898c8614a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Midway, Stephen R.","contributorId":172159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Midway","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whittier, Joanna B.","contributorId":53151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittier","given":"Joanna","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeWeber, Jefferson T.","contributorId":199675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeWeber","given":"Jefferson","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545 cpaukert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":147821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","email":"cpaukert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188345,"text":"70188345 - 2017 - Ground motion in the presence of complex Topography II: Earthquake sources and 3D simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-06T16:13:07","indexId":"70188345","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground motion in the presence of complex Topography II: Earthquake sources and 3D simulations","docAbstract":"Eight seismic stations were placed in a linear array with a topographic relief of 222 m over Mission Peak in the east San Francisco Bay region for a period of one year to study topographic effects. Seventy‐two well‐recorded local earthquakes are used to calculate spectral amplitude ratios relative to a reference site. A well‐defined fundamental resonance peak is observed with individual station amplitudes following the theoretically predicted progression of larger amplitudes in the upslope direction. Favored directions of vibration are also seen that are related to the trapping of shear waves within the primary ridge dimensions. Spectral peaks above the fundamental one are also related to topographic effects but follow a more complex pattern. Theoretical predictions using a 3D velocity model and accurate topography reproduce many of the general frequency and time‐domain features of the data. Shifts in spectral frequencies and amplitude differences, however, are related to deficiencies of the model and point out the importance of contributing factors, including the shear‐wave velocity under the topographic feature, near‐surface velocity gradients, and source parameters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120160159","usgsCitation":"Hartzell, S.H., Ramirez-Guzman, L., Meremonte, M., and Leeds, A.L., 2017, Ground motion in the presence of complex Topography II: Earthquake sources and 3D simulations: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 107, no. 1, p. 344-358, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120160159.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"344","endPage":"358","ipdsId":"IP-078909","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.05,\n 37.85\n ],\n [\n -121.65,\n 37.85\n ],\n [\n -121.65,\n 37.3\n ],\n [\n -122.05,\n 37.3\n ],\n [\n -122.05,\n 37.85\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5937bf2de4b0f6c2d0d9c75e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartzell, Stephen H. 0000-0003-0858-9043 shartzell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-9043","contributorId":2594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartzell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramirez-Guzman, Leonardo","contributorId":175444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramirez-Guzman","given":"Leonardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meremonte, Mark","contributorId":192672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meremonte","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leeds, Alena L. 0000-0002-8756-3687 aleeds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-3687","contributorId":4077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leeds","given":"Alena","email":"aleeds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193299,"text":"70193299 - 2017 - Quaternary displacement rates on the Meeman‐Shelby fault and Joiner ridge horst, eastern Arkansas: Results from coring Mississippi River alluvium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-11T14:05:33","indexId":"70193299","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary displacement rates on the Meeman‐Shelby fault and Joiner ridge horst, eastern Arkansas: Results from coring Mississippi River alluvium","docAbstract":"This research used coring and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of displaced, deeply buried Quaternary alluvium to determine vertical displacement rates for the Meeman‐Shelby fault and the Joiner ridge horst, two structures in northeastern Arkansas that have no modern seismicity associated with them. We drilled continuous cores of the entire alluvial section in the hanging wall of each structure, performed detailed core descriptions and analyses, and obtained three OSL ages from each core. The Meeman‐Shelby fault core consists of 36 m of 4.3–5.2‐ka Holocene alluvium overlying 4 m of 14.3‐ka Kennett alluvium that in turn overlies the upper part of Eocene Claiborne Group sediments at a depth of 41 m. Seismic reflection indicates that the basal (Kennett) alluvium at the Meeman‐Shelby fault is displaced ∼28 m across the Meeman‐Shelby fault, which equates to a time‐averaged vertical displacement rate of 2 mm/yr within the last 14.3 ka. The Joiner ridge horst core consists, in descending order, of 11 m of 6.3‐ka Holocene alluvium, 14 m of 11.5‐ka Morehouse alluvium, a paleosol, 6 m of Kennett alluvium, and 4 m of 20.3‐ka Sikeston alluvium that in turn overlies the upper part of Eocene Claiborne Group sediments at a depth of 36 m. Lignite exploration drilling conducted in the 1970s indicates that basal (Sikeston) alluvium is displaced ∼20 m across the eastern bounding fault of the Joiner ridge horst, resulting in a time‐averaged vertical displacement rate of ∼1 mm/yr within the last 20.3 ka. These late Quaternary displacement rates are comparable to time‐averaged displacement rates of faults within the active New Madrid seismic zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220160171","usgsCitation":"Ward, A., Counts, R.C., Van Arsdale, R., Larsen, D., and Mahan, S.A., 2017, Quaternary displacement rates on the Meeman‐Shelby fault and Joiner ridge horst, eastern Arkansas: Results from coring Mississippi River alluvium: Seismological Research Letters, v. 88, no. 2A, p. 442-455, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220160171.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"442","endPage":"455","ipdsId":"IP-079369","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","volume":"88","issue":"2A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e93ee4b09af898c8cc07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, Alex","contributorId":199298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17864,"text":"University of Memphis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Counts, Ronald C. 0000-0002-8426-1990 rcounts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8426-1990","contributorId":5343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Counts","given":"Ronald","email":"rcounts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Arsdale, Roy","contributorId":199299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Arsdale","given":"Roy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17864,"text":"University of Memphis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larsen, Daniel","contributorId":199300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsen","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17864,"text":"University of Memphis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70192900,"text":"70192900 - 2017 - A land data assimilation system for sub-Saharan Africa food and water security applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T15:06:03","indexId":"70192900","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A land data assimilation system for sub-Saharan Africa food and water security applications","docAbstract":"Seasonal agricultural drought monitoring systems, which rely on satellite remote sensing and land surface models (LSMs), are important for disaster risk reduction and famine early warning. These systems require the best available weather inputs, as well as a long-term historical record to contextualize current observations. This article introduces the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Land Data Assimilation System (FLDAS), a custom instance of the NASA Land Information System (LIS) framework. The FLDAS is routinely used to produce multi-model and multi-forcing estimates of hydro-climate states and fluxes over semi-arid, food insecure regions of Africa. These modeled data and derived products, like soil moisture percentiles and water availability, were designed and are currently used to complement FEWS NET’s operational remotely sensed rainfall, evapotranspiration, and vegetation observations. The 30+ years of monthly outputs from the FLDAS simulations are publicly available from the NASA Goddard Earth Science Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) and recommended for use in hydroclimate studies, early warning applications, and by agro-meteorological scientists in Eastern, Southern, and Western Africa.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/sdata.2017.12","usgsCitation":"McNally, A., Arsenault, K., Kumar, S., Shukla, S., Peterson, P., Wang, S., Funk, C., Peters-Lidard, C., and Verdin, J., 2017, A land data assimilation system for sub-Saharan Africa food and water security applications: Scientific Data, v. 4, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.12.","productDescription":"Article number 170012; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-077287","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.12","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347730,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a39e4b063d5d30980f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNally, Amy","contributorId":145810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNally","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arsenault, Kristi","contributorId":198836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arsenault","given":"Kristi","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, Sujay","contributorId":198837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Sujay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":145841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","affiliations":[{"id":16255,"text":"Climate Hazards Group University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Pete","contributorId":192379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Pete","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Shugong","contributorId":198838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Shugong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Peters-Lidard, Christa","contributorId":198839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters-Lidard","given":"Christa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Verdin, James 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":145830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70176500,"text":"70176500 - 2017 - Simulation of earthquake ground motions in the eastern United States using deterministic physics‐based and site‐based stochastic approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-02T14:44:37","indexId":"70176500","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of earthquake ground motions in the eastern United States using deterministic physics‐based and site‐based stochastic approaches","docAbstract":"Earthquake ground‐motion recordings are scarce in the central and eastern United States (CEUS) for large‐magnitude events and at close distances. We use two different simulation approaches, a deterministic physics‐based method and a site‐based stochastic method, to simulate ground motions over a wide range of magnitudes. Drawing on previous results for the modeling of recordings from the 2011 Mw 5.8 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake and using the 2001 Mw 7.6 Bhuj, India, earthquake as a tectonic analog for a large magnitude CEUS event, we are able to calibrate the two simulation methods over this magnitude range. Both models show a good fit to the Mineral and Bhuj observations from 0.1 to 10 Hz. Model parameters are then adjusted to obtain simulations for Mw 6.5, 7.0, and 7.6 events in the CEUS. Our simulations are compared with the 2014 U.S. Geological Survey weighted combination of existing ground‐motion prediction equations in the CEUS. The physics‐based simulations show comparable response spectral amplitudes and a fairly similar attenuation with distance. The site‐based stochastic simulations suggest a slightly faster attenuation of the response spectral amplitudes with distance for larger magnitude events and, as a result, slightly lower amplitudes at distances greater than 200 km. Both models are plausible alternatives and, given the few available data points in the CEUS, can be used to represent the epistemic uncertainty in modeling of postulated CEUS large‐magnitude events.
The United States Northern Great Plains (NGP) has a high potential for landscape-scale conservation, but this grassland landscape is threatened by encroachment of woody species. We surveyed NGP land managers to identify patterns in, and illustrate a broad range of, individual managers' perceptions on (1) the threat of woody encroachment to grasslands they manage, and (2) what management practices they use that may influence woody encroachment in this region. In the 34 surveys returned, which came from predominantly public lands in the study area, 79% of responses reported moderate or substantial woody encroachment. Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) and Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) were the most problematic encroachers. Thirty-one survey respondents said that prescribed fire was used on the lands they manage, and 64% of these responses reported that controlling woody encroachment was a fire management objective. However, only 18% of survey respondents using prescribed fire were achieving their desired fire return interval. Most respondents reported using mechanical and/or chemical methods to control woody species. In contrast to evidence from the central and southern Great Plains, few survey respondents viewed grazing as affecting encroachment. Although the NGP public land managers we surveyed clearly recognize woody encroachment as a problem and are taking steps to address it, many feel that the rate of their management is not keeping pace with the rate of encroachment. Developing strategies for effective woody plant control in a variety of NGP management contexts requires filling ecological science gaps and overcoming societal barriers to using prescribed fire.
","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","doi":"10.3375/043.037.0114","usgsCitation":"Symstad, A.J., and Leis, S.A., 2017, Woody encroachment in northern Great Plains grasslands: Perceptions, actions, and needs: Natural Areas Journal, v. 37, no. 1, p. 118-127, https://doi.org/10.3375/043.037.0114.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"127","ipdsId":"IP-064186","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3375/043.037.0114","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c799e4b0ba3b075e05d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Symstad, Amy J. 0000-0003-4231-2873 asymstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4231-2873","contributorId":147543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symstad","given":"Amy","email":"asymstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":660558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leis, Sherry A.","contributorId":178699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leis","given":"Sherry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180205,"text":"70180205 - 2017 - A carbon balance model for the great dismal swamp ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-08T10:30:06","indexId":"70180205","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1183,"text":"Carbon Balance and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A carbon balance model for the great dismal swamp ecosystem","docAbstract":"Carbon storage potential has become an important consideration for land management and planning in the United States. The ability to assess ecosystem carbon balance can help land managers understand the benefits and tradeoffs between different management strategies. This paper demonstrates an application of the Land Use and Carbon Scenario Simulator (LUCAS) model developed for local-scale land management at the Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge. We estimate the net ecosystem carbon balance by considering past ecosystem disturbances resulting from storm damage, fire, and land management actions including hydrologic inundation, vegetation clearing, and replanting.
We modeled the annual ecosystem carbon stock and flow rates for the 30-year historic time period of 1985–2015, using age-structured forest growth curves and known data for disturbance events and management activities. The 30-year total net ecosystem production was estimated to be a net sink of 0.97 Tg C. When a hurricane and six historic fire events were considered in the simulation, the Great Dismal Swamp became a net source of 0.89 Tg C. The cumulative above and below-ground carbon loss estimated from the South One and Lateral West fire events totaled 1.70 Tg C, while management activities removed an additional 0.01 Tg C. The carbon loss in below-ground biomass alone totaled 1.38 Tg C, with the balance (0.31 Tg C) coming from above-ground biomass and detritus.
Natural disturbances substantially impact net ecosystem carbon balance in the Great Dismal Swamp. Through alternative management actions such as re-wetting, below-ground biomass loss may have been avoided, resulting in the added carbon storage capacity of 1.38 Tg. Based on two model assumptions used to simulate the peat system, (a burn scar totaling 70 cm in depth, and the soil carbon accumulation rate of 0.36 t C/ha−1/year−1 for Atlantic white cedar), the total soil carbon loss from the South One and Lateral West fires would take approximately 1740 years to re-amass. Due to the impractical time horizon this presents for land managers, this particular loss is considered permanent. Going forward, the baseline carbon stock and flow parameters presented here will be used as reference conditions to model future scenarios of land management and disturbance.
Seattle’s geologic record begins with Eocene deposition of fluvial arkosic sandstone and associated volcanic rocks of the Puget Group, perhaps during a time of regional strike-slip faulting, followed by late Eocene and Oligocene marine deposition of the Blakeley Formation in the Cascadia forearc. Older Quaternary deposits are locally exposed.
Most of the city is underlain by up to 100 m of glacial drift deposited during the Vashon stade of Fraser glaciation, 18–15 cal k.y. B.P. Vashon Drift includes lacustrine clay and silt of the Lawton Clay, lacustrine and fluvial sand of the Esperance Sand, and concrete-like Vashon till. Mappable till is absent over much of the area of the Vashon Drift. Peak local ice thickness was 900 m. Isostatic response to this brief ice loading was significant. Upon deglaciation, global ice-equivalent sea level was about −100 m and local RSL (relative sea level) was 15–20 m, suggesting a total isostatic depression of ~115–120 m at Seattle. Subsequent rapid rebound outstripped global sea-level rise to result in a newly recognized marine low-stand shoreline at −50 m.
The Seattle fault is a north-verging thrust or reverse fault with ~7.5 km of throw. Conglomeratic Miocene strata may record initiation of shortening. Field relations indicate that fault geometry has evolved through three phases. At present, the north-verging master fault is blind, whereas several surface-rupturing faults above the master fault are south verging. The 900–930 A.D. Restoration Point earthquake raised a 5 km × 35 km (or larger) area as much as 7 m. The marine low-stand shoreline is offset by a similar amount, thus there has been only one such earthquake in the last ~11 k.y.
Geomorphology is largely glacial: an outwash plain decorated with ice-molded flutes and large, anastomosing tunnel valleys carved by water flowing beneath the ice sheet. Euro-Americans initially settled here because of landscape features formed by uplift in the Restoration Point earthquake. But steep slopes and tide flats were not conducive to commerce: starting in the 1890s and ending in the 1920s, extensive regrading removed hills, decreased slopes, and filled low areas.
In steep slopes the glacial stratigraphy is prone to landslides when saturated by unusually wet winters. Seismic hazards comprise moderately large (M 7) earthquakes in the Benioff zone 50 km and more beneath the city, demi-millennial M 9 events on the subduction zone to the west, and infrequent local crustal earthquakes (M 7) that are likely to be devastating because of their proximity. Seismic shaking and consequent liquefaction are of particular concern in Pioneer Square, SoDo, and lower Duwamish neighborhoods, which are largely built on unengineered fill that was placed over estuarine mud. Debris from past Mount Rainier lahars has reached the lower Duwamish valley and a future large lahar could pose a sedimentation hazard.
An improved understanding of groundwater flow and radionuclide migration downgradient from underground nuclear-testing areas at Pahute Mesa, Nevada National Security Site, requires accurate subsurface hydraulic characterization. To improve conceptual models of flow and transport in the complex hydrogeologic system beneath Pahute Mesa, the U.S. Geological Survey characterized bulk hydraulic properties of volcanic rocks using an integrated analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests. Single-well aquifer-test analyses provided transmissivity estimates at pumped wells. Transmissivity estimates ranged from less than 1 to about 100,000 square feet per day in Pahute Mesa and the vicinity. Drawdown from multiple-well aquifer testing was estimated and distinguished from natural fluctuations in more than 200 pumping and observation wells using analytical water-level models. Drawdown was detected at distances greater than 3 miles from pumping wells and propagated across hydrostratigraphic units and major structures, indicating that neither faults nor structural blocks noticeably impede or divert groundwater flow in the study area.
Consistent hydraulic properties were estimated by simultaneously interpreting drawdown from the 16 multiple-well aquifer tests with an integrated groundwater-flow model composed of 11 well-site models—1 for each aquifer test site. Hydraulic properties were distributed across volcanic rocks with the Phase II Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley Hydrostratigraphic Framework Model. Estimated hydraulic-conductivity distributions spanned more than two orders of magnitude in hydrostratigraphic units. Overlapping hydraulic conductivity ranges among units indicated that most Phase II Hydrostratigraphic Framework Model units were not hydraulically distinct. Simulated total transmissivity ranged from 1,600 to 68,000 square feet per day for all pumping wells analyzed. High-transmissivity zones exceeding 10,000 square feet per day exist near caldera margins and extend along the northern and eastern Pahute Mesa study area and near the southwestern edge of the study area. The estimated hydraulic-property distributions and observed hydraulic connections among geologic structures improved the characterization and representation of groundwater flow at Pahute Mesa.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165151","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, Office of Environmental Management under Interagency Agreement, DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Garcia, C.A., Jackson, T.R., Halford, K.J., Sweetkind, D.S., Damar, N.A., Fenelon, J.M., and Reiner, S.R., 2017, Hydraulic characterization of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa using an Integrated Analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests, Nevada National Security Site, 2009–14: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5151, 62 p.,\nhttps://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165151.","productDescription":"Report: x, 61 p.; Appendixes 1-3; Data Releases; Read Me","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-069140","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333002,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151_readme.pdf","text":"Appendix readme","size":"415 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":333000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333003,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151_appendixes.zip","text":"Appendixes 1-3","size":"28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":333001,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5151/sir20165151.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5151 report PDF"},{"id":333140,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4FJQ","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release ","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW-2005 and PEST models used to simulate multiple-well aquifer tests and characterize hydraulic properties of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa, Nevada"},{"id":333141,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7Z60M6H","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release ","linkHelpText":"Supplemental data from: Hydraulic characterization of volcanic rocks in Pahute Mesa using an integrated analysis of 16 multiple-well aquifer tests, Nevada National Security Site, 2009–14"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Nevada National Security Site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.633333,\n 37.283333\n ],\n [\n -116.633333,\n 36.966667\n ],\n [\n -116.45,\n 36.966667\n ],\n [\n -116.45,\n 37.283333\n ],\n [\n -116.633333,\n 37.283333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/
Indium is an increasingly important metal in semiconductors and electronics and has uses in important energy technologies such as photovoltaic cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). One significant flux of indium to the environment is from lead, zinc, copper, and tin mining and smelting, but little is known about its aqueous behavior after it is mobilized. In this study, we use Mineral Creek, a headwater stream in southwestern Colorado severely affected by heavy metal contamination as a result of acid mine drainage, as a natural laboratory to study the aqueous behavior of indium. At the existing pH of ~ 3, indium concentrations are 6–29 μg/L (10,000 × those found in natural rivers), and are completely filterable through a 0.45 μm filter. During a pH modification experiment, the pH of the system was raised to > 8, and > 99% of the indium became associated with the suspended solid phase (i.e. does not pass through a 0.45 μm filter). To determine the mechanism of removal of indium from the filterable and likely primarily dissolved phase, we conducted laboratory experiments to determine an upper bound for a sorption constant to iron oxides, and used this, along with other published thermodynamic constants, to model the partitioning of indium in Mineral Creek. Modeling results suggest that the removal of indium from the filterable phase is consistent with precipitation of indium hydroxide from a dissolved phase. This work demonstrates that nonferrous mining processes can be a significant source of indium to the environment, and provides critical information about the aqueous behavior of indium.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.136","usgsCitation":"White, S., Hussain, F.A., Hemond, H.F., Sacco, S.A., Shine, J.P., Runkel, R.L., Walton-Day, K., and Kimball, B.A., 2017, The precipitation of indium at elevated pH in a stream influenced by acid mine drainage: Science of the Total Environment, v. 574, p. 1484-1491, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.136.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1484","endPage":"1491","ipdsId":"IP-052032","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333234,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","volume":"574","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"587f3bdbe4b0d96de2564537","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Sarah Jane O.","contributorId":178311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Sarah Jane O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hussain, Fatima A.","contributorId":178312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hussain","given":"Fatima","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hemond, Harold F.","contributorId":34673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemond","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sacco, Sarah A.","contributorId":178313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sacco","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shine, James P.","contributorId":178314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shine","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70176238,"text":"fs20163069 - 2017 - Water resources of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T10:30:33","indexId":"fs20163069","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3069","title":"Water resources of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-resource management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for stewardship of this vital resource. Information is presented on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater and surface-water sources in the parish. Previously published reports and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis) are the primary sources of the information presented here.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"White, V.E., and Prakken, L.B., 2017, Water resources of East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3069, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20163069.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065609","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333087,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3069/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":333088,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3069/fs20163069.pdf","text":"Fact Sheet","size":"1.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016–3069"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"East Feliciana Parish","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.0608,30.9995],[-90.8268,30.9992],[-90.829,30.9947],[-90.8386,30.9916],[-90.8435,30.9839],[-90.843,30.9747],[-90.8458,30.9619],[-90.8474,30.9597],[-90.8506,30.9565],[-90.8565,30.9515],[-90.8619,30.9451],[-90.8588,30.9355],[-90.8572,30.9309],[-90.8541,30.9186],[-90.852,30.9108],[-90.8553,30.9053],[-90.8532,30.9012],[-90.8505,30.8985],[-90.8484,30.8962],[-90.8491,30.8825],[-90.8528,30.8788],[-90.856,30.8761],[-90.8598,30.8743],[-90.8598,30.8679],[-90.8577,30.8629],[-90.8551,30.856],[-90.853,30.8528],[-90.8493,30.8505],[-90.8424,30.8486],[-90.8414,30.8449],[-90.8425,30.8427],[-90.8468,30.8372],[-90.8457,30.8335],[-90.8447,30.8308],[-90.8421,30.8271],[-90.8405,30.8248],[-90.8378,30.8207],[-90.8352,30.8193],[-90.8347,30.8166],[-90.8379,30.8102],[-90.839,30.8066],[-90.8385,30.8024],[-90.8396,30.797],[-90.8434,30.7933],[-90.8423,30.7906],[-90.8419,30.7869],[-90.8419,30.7782],[-90.8404,30.7732],[-90.8436,30.7641],[-90.8447,30.7623],[-90.8479,30.7563],[-90.8512,30.75],[-90.8523,30.744],[-90.8502,30.7417],[-90.846,30.7362],[-90.8418,30.7325],[-90.8407,30.7266],[-90.8413,30.7234],[-90.8434,30.7229],[-90.8461,30.7211],[-90.8477,30.7198],[-91.2492,30.7072],[-91.2577,30.7027],[-91.2636,30.7],[-91.2678,30.6949],[-91.2673,30.6917],[-91.2689,30.6895],[-91.2679,30.6863],[-91.2711,30.6808],[-91.2891,30.6781],[-91.2897,30.668],[-91.2929,30.6621],[-91.2934,30.6552],[-91.2977,30.6493],[-91.2993,30.6516],[-91.3051,30.6529],[-91.3051,30.6735],[-91.3088,30.6804],[-91.3125,30.6822],[-91.3146,30.6927],[-91.3194,30.6959],[-91.321,30.6991],[-91.3194,30.7005],[-91.3135,30.6987],[-91.3119,30.6991],[-91.3109,30.7023],[-91.3114,30.7083],[-91.3039,30.7078],[-91.3007,30.7156],[-91.2928,30.716],[-91.2922,30.7188],[-91.2959,30.7252],[-91.2964,30.727],[-91.2863,30.7347],[-91.2874,30.7439],[-91.2863,30.7475],[-91.282,30.7507],[-91.2799,30.7535],[-91.2761,30.7585],[-91.2602,30.7621],[-91.2591,30.7658],[-91.2628,30.7745],[-91.2617,30.7758],[-91.2575,30.7767],[-91.2532,30.7776],[-91.2473,30.7868],[-91.2372,30.7945],[-91.2383,30.7977],[-91.2425,30.8009],[-91.243,30.8046],[-91.2361,30.8068],[-91.2329,30.81],[-91.2302,30.8164],[-91.2345,30.8219],[-91.2345,30.8246],[-91.2339,30.8256],[-91.2307,30.8333],[-91.227,30.8383],[-91.2269,30.8406],[-91.2253,30.8484],[-91.2296,30.8544],[-91.2232,30.8566],[-91.2194,30.8644],[-91.2258,30.8703],[-91.2247,30.8726],[-91.222,30.8735],[-91.221,30.8772],[-91.2225,30.8813],[-91.2188,30.8868],[-91.2156,30.8922],[-91.2065,30.8927],[-91.2065,30.9004],[-91.2091,30.9055],[-91.2059,30.9109],[-91.208,30.9137],[-91.208,30.9183],[-91.2,30.9191],[-91.1947,30.931],[-91.1931,30.9328],[-91.1898,30.9333],[-91.1872,30.9369],[-91.1914,30.9438],[-91.193,30.9507],[-91.1956,30.9598],[-91.1919,30.9671],[-91.1908,30.9721],[-91.1892,30.973],[-91.186,30.9721],[-91.1822,30.9739],[-91.1801,30.9789],[-91.1811,30.9853],[-91.18,30.9908],[-91.1757,31],[-91.1115,31],[-91.0608,30.9995]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"East Feliciana\",\"state\":\"LA\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd., Suite 120
Baton Rouge, LA 70816
Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve (GRSA, Colorado) lies along the eastern margin of the San Luis Basin and the tectonically active Sangre de Cristo fault system that are part of the northern Rio Grande rift. GRSA lies within a prominent embayment in the range front where two separate sections of the Sangre de Cristo fault system intersect. Fault scarps are observed along both intersecting fault zones within older basin-fill alluvium, but have been obscured by the actively migrating dunefield. The dune sand is also strongly magnetic, locally limiting the usefulness of aeromagnetic methods for mapping concealed structure. This study uses airborne geophysical methods, primarily airborne gravity gradient data, along with constraints from geologic mapping and limited subsurface data and groundwater modeling, to interpret the subsurface basin geometry and range-front structure of the embayment. Using forward modeling of the gravity gradient data and locations of faults inferred from gravity gradient and aeromagnetic lineaments, several previously unrecognized tectonic elements are interpreted adjacent to the range front. Some of the largest rift-related fault offsets are demonstrated to be basinward of the normal fault zones mapped at the surface along the range front of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, along faults concealed under the dunefield and subparallel to the two fault sections. A fault-bounded structural bench, likely composed of Proterozoic rocks, underlies most of the high dunefield at depths of 500 m to 1 km. The bench is truncated on its southwest margin by a northwest-trending, southwest-dipping normal fault. A northeast-trending, northwest-dipping normal fault with ∼600 m of estimated relief lies under the southern margin of the dunefield and bounds a structurally higher bench of Proterozoic rocks concealed at <400 m depth near the range front. The northwest- and northeast-trending geophysical lineaments generally correspond well with the trends of faults mapped at the surface, and with both pre- and syn-rift structures in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. Aeromagnetic anomalies are explained by variations in the magnetization of pre-rift rocks, and the strongly magnetic dune sand.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01439.1","usgsCitation":"Drenth, B.J., Grauch, V.J., Ruleman, C.A., and Schenk, J.A., 2017, Geophysical expression of buried range-front embayment structure: Great Sand Dunes National Park, Rio Grande rift, Colorado: Geosphere, v. 13, no. 3, p. 974-990, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01439.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"974","endPage":"990","ipdsId":"IP-080301","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01439.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":360890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Great Sand Dunes National Park, Rio Grande rift","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.64453124999999,\n 37.661809012124635\n ],\n [\n -105.48763275146483,\n 37.661809012124635\n ],\n [\n -105.48763275146483,\n 37.83636090929915\n ],\n [\n -105.64453124999999,\n 37.83636090929915\n ],\n [\n -105.64453124999999,\n 37.661809012124635\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenth, Benjamin J. 0000-0002-3954-8124 bdrenth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-8124","contributorId":1315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenth","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdrenth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. 0000-0002-0761-3489 tien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":152256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"tien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruleman, Chester A. 0000-0002-1503-4591 cruleman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-4591","contributorId":1264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruleman","given":"Chester","email":"cruleman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schenk, Judith A","contributorId":212229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schenk","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":755754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70202107,"text":"70202107 - 2017 - Validation of NEXRAD data and models of bird migration stopover sites in the Northeast U.S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T14:15:20","indexId":"70202107","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T14:15:14","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Validation of NEXRAD data and models of bird migration stopover sites in the Northeast U.S.","docAbstract":"The national network of weather surveillance radars (NEXRAD) detects birds in flight, and has proven to be a useful remote-sensing tool for ornithological study. We used data collected during Fall 2008 to 2014 by 16 NEXRAD and four terminal Doppler weather radars (TDWR) in the northeastern U.S. to map and study the spatial distribution of landbirds shortly after they leave daytime stopover sites to embark on nocturnal migratory flights. Given observed variability in the precise timing of migratory exodus, we developed a new method to sample the onset of migration at the point of maximum rate of increase in bird densities aloft to consistently sample exodus across radars and days.
The mean linear trend in aggregate stopover densities of migrants indicated a 4% decline per year from the 2008 baseline density (29% decline over the seven years). Regionally, coastal Virginia and Maine had the steepest declines. The steepest increases in migrant densities across years occurred within the Delmarva Peninsula and in coastal Connecticut.
We used NEXRAD observations to develop models to predict potentially important stopover sites throughout USFWS Region 5. Observed NEXRAD data were positively correlated to observations from TDWR and NASA’s S-Band Dual-Polarimetric Radar (NPOL), though not strongly. Predicted densities increased with increasing hardwood cover across multiple scales and with vegetation productivity. Contrastingly, predicted densities decreased with increasing agricultural, emergent marsh and coniferous land cover, but did not change with fraction of urban cover. Stopover density increased closer to bright areas and the Atlantic coast. Moreover, interactive effects indicated that migrants were more concentrated in forested areas that were both brightly lit and near the Atlantic coast. Large areas of predicted regionally important stopover sites were located along the coastlines of Maine, Long Island Sound, New Jersey, the lower Delmarva Peninsula, within the Adirondack Mountains, Catskill Mountains, and eastern Virginia.
We also created maps of classified stopover use during bimonthly periods and at multiple-scales. Migrant densities peaked along the Adirondack Mountains early in September, and along the Atlantic coast in late September with the passage of Neotropical migrants. Stopover densities peaked in the most northern extent of Maine and New England States in late October with the departure of temperate migrants.
Ground surveys conducted at 48 forested sites within the Delmarva Peninsula and Tidewater Virginia during Fall 2013 and 2014 revealed that nocturnal migrant densities pooled across species and for 14 individual species, after accounting for temporal phenology in their passage timing, were related to factors operating at multiple scales including food resources (primarily arthropod abundance in understory) and understory shrub density at a patch scale, and latitude and proximity to the Atlantic coast at a regional scale.
We integrated field survey and radar data to estimate relative stopover duration and to identify stopover functional types among 45 sites that included data from a past study near the Gulf of Mexico. We identified four functional types spanning the gradient of short rest stops to refueling stops with variable duration of stopover in relation to food abundance. The Mid-Atlantic sites were dominated by rest stops near coastal areas and lacked quick refueling stops due to low overall food abundance. The maps and ecological understanding produced can help inform conservation planning to protect and enhance stopover sites for migratory landbirds in the future.
","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Buler, J.J., McLaren, J., Schreckengost, T., Smolinsky, J.A., Walters, E., Arnold, J.A., and Dawson, D.K., 2017, Validation of NEXRAD data and models of bird migration stopover sites in the Northeast U.S., viii, 112 p.","productDescription":"viii, 112 p.","ipdsId":"IP-081122","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361147,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":361129,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://lccnetwork.org/resource/final-report-validation-nexrad-data-and-models-bird-migration-stopover-sites-northeast-us"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buler, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":194648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buler","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":756915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McLaren, James","contributorId":213085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaren","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schreckengost, Timothy","contributorId":213086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schreckengost","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smolinsky, Jaclyn A.","contributorId":202723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smolinsky","given":"Jaclyn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walters, Eric","contributorId":213087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walters","given":"Eric","affiliations":[{"id":36518,"text":"Old Dominion University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arnold, J. Andrew","contributorId":213088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":36518,"text":"Old Dominion University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":756920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dawson, Deanna K. 0000-0001-7531-212X ddawson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-212X","contributorId":202720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Deanna","email":"ddawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":756914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70202263,"text":"70202263 - 2017 - Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-19T12:33:11","indexId":"70202263","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T12:33:04","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1896,"text":"Herpetological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","title":"Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden","docAbstract":"Eastern Kingsnakes (Lampropeltis getula) are an important component and predator in herpetofaunal communities, but many Eastern Kingsnake populations have declined precipitously in the last few decades, particularly in the southeastern United States. Here, we describe an intensive capture–mark–recapture study of L. getula conducted during 1974–1978 in a canal bank–Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) community at Rainey Slough in southern Florida, where annual capture probabilities of adults ranged from 0.662–0.787. Population size and structure, seasonal activity, movements, microhabitat use, behavior, thermal ecology, and predator–prey relationships are described. At this site kingsnakes were susceptible to capture mostly in winter and spring, were diurnal, used rodent (Sigmodon hispidus) burrows on canal banks as nocturnal retreats, and emerged from burrows on 13–26% of the sampling days. Overlap of burrow use by both sexes was extensive with no evidence of territoriality. Kingsnakes readily entered the Water Hyacinths to bask, pursue mates, and forage. At Rainey Slough only snakes were detected in the diet of kingsnakes. Concurrent sampling of potential snake prey in the hyacinths and on canal banks revealed 10 species that varied in use of the two sampled habitats and in body size. A range-wide analysis confirmed that in descending order snakes, reptile eggs, and lizards dominate the diet of L. getula in Florida (94.8%) and remain important prey types elsewhere (80.2%). At Rainey Slough the density of six species of semiaquatic snakes in Water Hyacinths averaged 3534 individuals/ha with a mean annual biomass of 135.8 kg/ha, and kingsnake biomass was only 2.2–3.9% of prey snake biomass. We estimated that the kingsnake population consumed 36.82–63.58 kg/yr, or about 10.0–17.2% of the standing crop of snakes in the Water Hyacinth community. Adult male L. getula lost on average 39.3% of their body mass associated with the spring reproductive season, whereas females lost only 3.4% in the same period. Body condition indices for both sexes improved substantially thereafter. In follow-up surveys at Rainey Slough during 2006–2010 no kingsnakes were found. Semiaquatic snake densities in the Water Hyacinths were 77.2% lower (807.4/ha) than in the 1970s and consisted of only three species. Compared to the enigmatic declines and extirpation of L. getula populations elsewhere, at Rainey Slough the primary cause likely was unsustainable mortality from road reconstruction and paving in the winter–spring of 1979 and subsequent roadkill. Other potentially causative agents of extirpation of L. getula in this system are discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Herpetologists' League","doi":"10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-16-00006.1","usgsCitation":"Godley, J.S., Halstead, B., and McDiarmid, R.W., 2017, Ecology of the Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) at Rainey Slough, Florida: A vanished Eden: Herpetological Monographs, v. 31, no. 1, p. 47-68, https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-16-00006.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-075489","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361343,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Rainey Slough","volume":"31","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godley, J. Steve","contributorId":213355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Godley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Steve","affiliations":[{"id":38739,"text":"Cardno, 3905 Crescent Park Drive, Riverview, FL, 33578, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":757546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halstead, Brian J. 0000-0002-5535-6528 bhalstead@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-6528","contributorId":3051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"Brian J.","email":"bhalstead@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDiarmid, Roy W. 0000-0002-7649-1796 rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-1796","contributorId":3603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"Roy","email":"rmcdiarmid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":757545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70196114,"text":"70196114 - 2017 - Nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T11:45:18","indexId":"70196114","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":410,"text":"Special Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"2017-02","title":"Nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthos","docAbstract":"Lower trophic levels support the prey fish on which most sport fish depend. Therefore, understanding the production potential of lower trophic levels is integral to the management of Lake Ontario’s fishery resources. Lower trophic-level productivity differs among offshore and nearshore waters. In the offshore, there is concern about the ability of the lake to support Alewife (Table 1) production due to a perceived decline in productivity of phytoplankton and zooplankton whereas, in the nearshore, there is a concern about excessive attached algal production (e.g., Cladophora) associated with higher nutrient concentrations—the oligotrophication of the offshore and the eutrophication of the nearshore (Mills et al. 2003; Holeck et al. 2008; Dove 2009; Koops et al. 2015; Stewart et al. 2016). Even though the collapse of the Alewife population in Lake Huron in 2003 (and the associated decline in the Chinook Salmon fishery) may have been precipitated by a cold winter (Dunlop and Riley 2013), Alewife had not returned to high abundances in Lake Huron as of 2014 (Roseman et al. 2015). Failure of the Alewife population to recover from collapse has been attributed to declines in lower trophic-level production (Barbiero et al. 2011; Bunnell et al. 2014; but see He et al. 2015). In Lake Michigan, concerns of a similar Alewife collapse led to a decrease in the number of Chinook Salmon stocked. If lower trophic-level production declines in Lake Ontario, a similar management action could be considered. On the other hand, in Lake Erie, which supplies most of the water in Lake Ontario, eutrophication is increasing and so are harmful algal blooms. Thus, there is also a concern that nutrient levels and algal blooms could increase in Lake Ontario, especially in the nearshore. Solutions to the two processes of concern—eutrophication in the nearshore and oligotrophication in the offshore—may be mutually exclusive. In either circumstance, fisheries management needs information on the productivity of lower trophic levels in Lake Ontario.
In this chapter, we review the status of lower trophic levels in Lake Ontario with special attention to the current (2008-2013) and previous (2003-2007) reporting periods. During the two reporting periods, three whole-lake surveys of lower trophic levels were conducted: the Lower Trophic Level Assessment (LOLA) in 2003 and 2008 (Makarewicz and Howell 2012; Munawar et al. 2015b) and the Cooperative Science and Management Initiative (CSMI) in 2013. Analyses of the CSMI data are ongoing. In addition to the three one-year sources of information on lower trophic levels, several multi-year sources of information are available, including data from the surveillance program conducted since 1965 by Environment Canada (EC) (Dove 2009), monitoring conducted since 1980 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) (Barbiero et al. 2014; Reavie et al. 2014), sampling for a Bioindex Program at two stations, one offshore and one in the Eastern Basin, assessments of Mysis diluviana (formerly Mysis relicta) conducted since 1980 by Fisheries and Oceans Canada (Johannsson et al. 1998, 2011) and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNRF), and monitoring conducted since 1995 by the Biomonitoring Program (BMP) on the New York side of the lake (Holeck et al. 2015b). The BMP is a collaboration of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and Cornell University.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The state of Lake Ontario in 2014","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","usgsCitation":"Rudstam, L.G., Holeck, K.T., Watkins, J.M., Hotaling, C., Lantry, J.R., Bowen, K.L., Munawar, M., Weidel, B., Barbiero, R., Luckey, F.J., Dove, A., Johnson, T.B., and Biesinger, Z., 2017, Nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and macrobenthos: Special Publication 2017-02, 23 p.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"32","ipdsId":"IP-074205","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352661,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/pubs/SpecialPubs/Sp17_02.pdf"},{"id":352689,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":15,"text":"Madison PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8ebe4b0da30c1bfc4cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rudstam, Lars G.","contributorId":56609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudstam","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holeck, Kristen T.","contributorId":105549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holeck","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watkins, James M.","contributorId":189286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watkins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hotaling, Christopher","contributorId":197987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hotaling","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lantry, Jana R.","contributorId":141107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lantry","given":"Jana","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowen, Kelly L.","contributorId":38382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowen","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Munawar, Mohi","contributorId":203403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munawar","given":"Mohi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Weidel, Brian 0000-0001-6095-2773 bweidel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-2773","contributorId":2485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weidel","given":"Brian","email":"bweidel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barbiero, Richard","contributorId":203404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barbiero","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Luckey, Frederick J.","contributorId":131035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luckey","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dove, Alice","contributorId":203405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dove","given":"Alice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Johnson, Timothy B.","contributorId":203406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":731419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Biesinger, Zy","contributorId":197993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biesinger","given":"Zy","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70193622,"text":"70193622 - 2017 - An evaluation and comparison of conservation guidelines for an at-risk migratory songbird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T15:59:01","indexId":"70193622","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation and comparison of conservation guidelines for an at-risk migratory songbird","docAbstract":"For at-risk wildlife species, it is important to consider conservation within the process of adaptive management. Golden-winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) are Neotropical migratory songbirds that are experiencing long-term population declines due in part to the loss of early-successional nesting habitat. Recently-developed Golden-winged Warbler habitat management guidelines are being implemented by USDA: Natural Resource Conservation Service (2014) and its partners through the Working Lands For Wildlife (WLFW) program. During 2012–2014, we studied the nesting ecology of Golden-winged Warblers in managed habitats of the eastern US that conformed to WLFW conservation practices. We evaluated five NRCS “management scenarios” with respect to nesting success and attainment of recommended nest site vegetation conditions outlined in the Golden-winged Warbler breeding habitat guidelines. Using estimates of territory density, pairing rate, nest survival, and clutch size, we also estimated fledgling productivity (number of fledglings/ha) for each management scenario. In general, Golden-winged Warbler nest survival declined as each breeding season advanced, but nest survival was similar across management scenarios. Within each management scenario, vegetation variables had little influence on nest survival. Still, percent Rubus cover and density of >2 m tall shrubs were relevant in some management scenarios. All five management scenarios rarely attained recommended levels of nest site vegetation conditions for Golden-winged, yet nest survival was high. Fledgling productivity estimates for each management scenario ranged from 2.1 to 8.6 fledglings/10 hectares. Our results indicate that targeted habitat management for Golden-winged Warblers using a variety of management techniques on private lands has the capability to yield high nest survival and fledgling productivity, and thus have the potential to contribute to the species recovery.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2016.12.006","usgsCitation":"McNeil, D.J., Aldinger, K.R., Bakermans, M.H., Lehman, J.A., Tisdale, A.C., Jones, J.A., Wood, P.B., Buehler, D.A., Smalling, C.G., Siefferman, L., and Larkin, J.L., 2017, An evaluation and comparison of conservation guidelines for an at-risk migratory songbird: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 9, p. 90-103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.12.006.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"103","ipdsId":"IP-082152","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.12.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348726,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.58349609375,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -74.59716796875,\n 34.994003757575776\n ],\n [\n -74.59716796875,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -85.58349609375,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -85.58349609375,\n 34.994003757575776\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc3de4b06e28e9c23bf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNeil, Darin J. Jr.","contributorId":37620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNeil","given":"Darin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldinger, Kyle R.","contributorId":171892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aldinger","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":34541,"text":"West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bakermans, Marja H.","contributorId":169752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bakermans","given":"Marja","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":33354,"text":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lehman, Justin A.","contributorId":166944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tisdale, Anna C.","contributorId":200309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tisdale","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, John A.","contributorId":200310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wood, Petra B. 0000-0002-8575-1705 pbwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8575-1705","contributorId":199090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Buehler, David A.","contributorId":176238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buehler","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smalling, Curtis G.","contributorId":191724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smalling","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":33352,"text":"Audubon North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Siefferman, Lynn","contributorId":200311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siefferman","given":"Lynn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Larkin, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":169747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larkin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":34542,"text":"Department of Biology. Indiana University of Pennsylvania","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70195010,"text":"70195010 - 2017 - Post-9.45 Ma depositional and structural history of the Bear Canyon conglomerate between Indian Pass and Picacho State Recreation Area, southeastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-13T15:02:03","indexId":"70195010","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Post-9.45 Ma depositional and structural history of the Bear Canyon conglomerate between Indian Pass and Picacho State Recreation Area, southeastern California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"ECSZ Does It: Revisiting the Eastern California Shear Zone: Desert Symposium Field Guide and Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"California State University Desert Studies Center","usgsCitation":"Ricketts, J., Beard, L.S., Crow, R.S., Coffey, K., and Haxel, G.B., 2017, Post-9.45 Ma depositional and structural history of the Bear Canyon conglomerate between Indian Pass and Picacho State Recreation Area, southeastern California, in ECSZ Does It: Revisiting the Eastern California Shear Zone: Desert Symposium Field Guide and Proceedings, p. 165-173.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"173","ipdsId":"IP-084173","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351547,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.desertsymposium.org/About.html"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8ebe4b0da30c1bfc4de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ricketts, Jason","contributorId":60362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricketts","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beard, L. Sue 0000-0001-9552-1893 sbeard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-1893","contributorId":152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"L.","email":"sbeard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Sue","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crow, Ryan S. 0000-0002-2403-6361 rcrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-6361","contributorId":5792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crow","given":"Ryan","email":"rcrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coffey, Kevin","contributorId":202455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coffey","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":728441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haxel, Gordon B. gbhaxel@usgs.gov","contributorId":5666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haxel","given":"Gordon","email":"gbhaxel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":728442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70192013,"text":"70192013 - 2017 - A synthesis of living shoreline perspectives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-25T13:05:41","indexId":"70192013","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A synthesis of living shoreline perspectives","docAbstract":"The main goal of this summary chapter is to synthesize author perspectives across the contributed chapters, make recommendations on the correct usage of the term living shorelines, and offer guidance for planning in the future. Nature-based approaches are being applied globally, as signified by the breadth of geographic coverage in this book. The author’s institutions and locations of study span the East, Gulf, and West Coasts of the United States, including the states of Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, California, Washington, and several national perspectives, including Hawaii; British Columbia in Canada; the Netherlands, as well as perspectives across Europe also including Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom; Sydney Harbor in Australia; and Belize. Living shoreline techniques are very diverse and practices can vary by region, salinity and tidal regime, and degrees of natural and artificial components. Techniques covered in this book include restoring oyster reefs, eelgrass, and mangroves, planting marshes with and without supportive sills (e.g., stone, oyster shell bags, coir logs), incorporating structures such as logs and reef balls, nourishing beaches and dunes with sediment, engineering habitat features into seawalls, and managed realignment. All of these can have a variety of components, such as permitting, land acquisition, design, and monitoring. However, given the diverse representation, there are some shared commonalities that can help inform and direct shoreline management moving forward.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Living shorelines: The science and management of nature-based coastal protection","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Research Press","isbn":"9781498740029","usgsCitation":"Toft, J.D., Bilkovic, D.M., Mitchell, M.M., and LaPeyre, M.K., 2017, A synthesis of living shoreline perspectives, chap. of Living shorelines: The science and management of nature-based coastal protection, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-078837","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350610,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350609,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/Living-Shorelines-The-Science-and-Management-of-Nature-Based-Coastal-Protection/Bilkovic-Mitchell-Peyre-Toft/p/book/9781498740029"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6afac4e4b06e28e9c9a8f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toft, Jason D.","contributorId":201480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Toft","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bilkovic, Donna Marie","contributorId":201478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bilkovic","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Molly M.","contributorId":201479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Molly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaPeyre, Megan K. 0000-0001-9936-2252 mlapeyre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPeyre","given":"Megan","email":"mlapeyre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70191831,"text":"70191831 - 2017 - Acoustic assessment of pelagic planktivores, 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T14:14:04.224903","indexId":"70191831","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5114,"text":"NYSDEC Lake Ontario Annual Report ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2016","chapter":"15","title":"Acoustic assessment of pelagic planktivores, 2016","docAbstract":"Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax) are the most abundant pelagic planktivores in Lake Ontario (Weidel et al 2017), and the most important prey for salmon and trout, making up greater than 90% of the diet of the top predator, Chinook salmon (Lantry 2001, Brandt 1986), and supporting a multimillion dollar sportfishery. Alewife are also important prey for warm water predators, notably Walleye (Sander vitreus). Abundance of Alewife and smelt has declined since the 1980s, likely due to reduced nutrient loading, proliferation of invasive dreissenid mussels, and predation by stocked salmon and trout. Cisco (Coregonus artedi), a native planktivore, historically dominated the offshore pelagic prey fish of Lake Ontario, but their populations were severely reduced in the mid-20th century due to overfishing and competition with Alewife and smelt. Remnant populations of Cisco still exist, mostly in the eastern basin, and Cisco produce periodic strong year classes once or twice per decade (Owens et al 2003, most recently in 2012 and 2014 (OMNRF, 2017).
Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax) are the most abundant pelagic planktivores in Lake Ontario (Weidel et al 2017), and the most important prey for salmon and trout, making up greater than 90% of the diet of the top predator, Chinook salmon (Lantry 2001, Brandt 1986), and supporting a multimillion dollar sportfishery. Alewife are also important prey for warm water predators, notably Walleye (Sander vitreus). Abundance of Alewife and smelt has declined since the 1980s, likely due to reduced nutrient loading, proliferation of invasive dreissenid mussels, and predation by stocked salmon and trout. Cisco (Coregonus artedi), a native planktivore, historically dominated the offshore pelagic prey fish of Lake Ontario, but their populations were severely reduced in the mid-20th century due to overfishing and competition with Alewife and smelt. Remnant populations of Cisco still exist, mostly in the eastern basin, and Cisco produce periodic strong year classes once or twice per decade (Owens et al 2003, most recently in 2012 and 2014 (OMNRF, 2017).
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We conducted camera-trap surveys at Roan Mountain Highlands, Mitchell County, NC, during summer 2016 in a Picea rubens (Red Spruce)—Abies fraseri (Fraser Fir) forest. During the survey, we observed a Long-tailed Weasel at 1893 m in elevation and an Eastern Chipmunk at 1703 m in elevation. These are the highest-elevation records for both species in the eastern United States outside of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, and the highest elevation record for Longtailed Weasel in North Carolina.
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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"16","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc3de4b06e28e9c23bf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moser, Allison M.","contributorId":200319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moser","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diggins, Corinne A.","contributorId":171667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diggins","given":"Corinne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33131,"text":"Dept of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark 0000-0002-9611-594X wford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-594X","contributorId":172499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W. Mark","email":"wford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70193100,"text":"70193100 - 2017 - Geology and biostratigraphy of the Potomac River cliffs at Stratford Hall, Westmoreland County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-02T13:33:31","indexId":"70193100","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geology and biostratigraphy of the Potomac River cliffs at Stratford Hall, Westmoreland County, Virginia","docAbstract":"The cliffs along the Potomac River at Stratford Hall display extensive exposures of Miocene marine strata that belong successively to the Calvert, Choptank, St. Marys, and Eastover Formations. Within the lower part of this sequence, in the Calvert and Choptank Formations, there is well-developed cyclic stratigraphy. Above the Miocene units lies the marginal marine to deltaic Pleistocene Bacons Castle Formation, which is the highest and youngest formation exposed in the cliffs. The goals of this field trip guide are to (1) show the Miocene formations exposed in the cliffs and discuss the paleoenvironments within which they formed, (2) demonstrate the cyclicity in the Miocene marine formations and discuss its origin, (3) compare and contrast the section exposed at the Stratford and Nomini Cliffs with the classic Miocene Calvert Cliffs sequence exposed to the northeast in Calvert County, Maryland, and the Miocene sequence recovered in the Haynesville cores to the southeast in Richmond County, Virginia, (4) discuss and explain why a detailed correlation among these three places has been so difficult to attain, and (5) show typical lithologies of the Bacons Castle Formation and discuss the paleoenvironments in which they formed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Blue Ridge to the Beach: Geological Field Excursions across Virginia","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2017.0047(05)","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., Edwards, L.E., and Landacre, B.D., 2017, Geology and biostratigraphy of the Potomac River cliffs at Stratford Hall, Westmoreland County, Virginia, chap. of Blue Ridge to the Beach: Geological Field Excursions across Virginia, v. 47, p. 125-152, https://doi.org/10.1130/2017.0047(05).","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"152","ipdsId":"IP-082636","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350973,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Westmoreland 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