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,{"id":70164302,"text":"70164302 - 2005 - A multi-disciplinary approach to the removal of emerging contaminants in municipal wastewater treatment plans in New York State, 2003-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T08:27:26","indexId":"70164302","displayToPublicDate":"2005-11-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A multi-disciplinary approach to the removal of emerging contaminants in municipal wastewater treatment plans in New York State, 2003-2004","docAbstract":"<p>Across the United States, there is a rapidly growing awareness of the occurrence and the toxicological impacts of natural and synthetic trace compounds in the environment. These trace compounds, referred to as emerging contaminants (ECs), are reported to cause a range of negative impacts in the environment, such as adverse effects on biota in receiving streams and interference with the normal functions of the endocrine system, which controls growth and development in living organisms.</p>\n<p>Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as a key collection point for ECs in the water cycle and potentially an ideal location at which to treat to remove them, thereby mitigating their release into the environment (<i>Figure 1</i>). This presents wastewater industry professionals with both a significant opportunity and a tremendous challenge: to identify cost effective treatment processes that can remove or reduce these contaminants before they are released into the environment.</p>\n<p>Although WWTPs have been identified as strategic focal points and potential treatment locations for the removal of ECs from the environment, little is known about the nature, variability, transport and fate of this class of compounds in typical wastewaters and treatment facilities in the United States. Furthermore few studies have been performed to monitor or understand the capability of conventional or innovative wastewater treatment processes to remove or reduce the concentrations of a wide variety of ECs at wastewater facilities.</p>\n<p>This study was designed to provide baseline information on this topic. While other studies have examined the occurrence of a limited number of representative contaminants in the environment (generally five to 10 compounds), this study is unique in that it provides information on a comprehensive list of ECs (63 ECs in total, Contaminant List in Appendix A, not included here) in the wastewater collection and treatment systems for four diverse communities over a two-year period. (It should be noted that the study is ongoing and additional data are pending but only 18 months of data are presented in this paper).</p>\n<p>The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 was designed to provide information concerning the general character and concentration of ECs commonly detected in wastewaters, the variability over a prolonged period of time, the transport and fate of ECs through typical wastewater treatment plants operating with a range of conventional technologies and the impact of WWTP discharges on receiving streams. It also provided guidance in understanding the capability of distinct wastewater treatment processes or technologies to reduce or remove ECs.</p>\n<p>The second phase of the study focused on one of the most common wastewater treatment processes operated in the United States, the Activated Sludge process. Using four controlled parallel activated sludge pilots, a more detailed assessment of the impact of Sludge Retention Time (SRT) on the reduction or removal of ECs was performed.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Environment Federation’s WEFTEC 78th Annual Technical Exhibition and Conference, conference proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Water Environment Federation’s WEFTEC 78th Annual Technical Exhibition and Conference","conferenceDate":"Oct. 29 - Nov. 2, 2005","conferenceLocation":"Washington, DC","language":"English","publisher":"Water Environment Federation","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.1061/40927(243)136","usgsCitation":"Philips, P.J., Stinson, B., Zaugg, S.D., Furlong, E.T., Kolpin, D.W., Esposito, K., Bodniewicz, B., Pape, R., and Anderson, J., 2005, A multi-disciplinary approach to the removal of emerging contaminants in municipal wastewater treatment plans in New York State, 2003-2004, <i>in</i> Water Environment Federation’s WEFTEC 78th Annual Technical Exhibition and Conference, conference proceedings, Washington, DC, Oct. 29 - Nov. 2, 2005, p. 5095-5124, https://doi.org/10.1061/40927(243)136.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"5095","endPage":"5124","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316356,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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Current address:  TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stinson, Beverley","contributorId":17105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stinson","given":"Beverley","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":596900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":596901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":596902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Esposito, Kathleen","contributorId":21835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esposito","given":"Kathleen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bodniewicz, B.","contributorId":152701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bodniewicz","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pape, R.","contributorId":152702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pape","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Anderson, J.","contributorId":103437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70193171,"text":"70193171 - 2005 - Non-lethal estimation of body composition of Yukon River salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T16:40:38.592901","indexId":"70193171","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-31T10:32:49","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7468,"text":"Final Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"title":"Non-lethal estimation of body composition of Yukon River salmon","docAbstract":"<p>Because of the importance of Chinook salmon to commercial and subsistence fisheries on the Yukon River, further study of the factors that may affect the success of this species and our ability to manage the fisheries is warranted. Critical to these studies is the determination of the amount of lipids (fat) stored and available to the fish as its primary energy source for migration and spawning. Recent developments of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) promise a simple, non-lethal means of estimating proximate composition (e.g. fat, protein, water content) for field applications with fish. The goal of the project was to develop BIA models for Chinook salmon from the Yukon River watershed that would permit the non-lethal estimation of body proximate composition for use in field studies. </p><p>Our results clearly demonstrated that BIA can be used to estimate proximate composition and energy density of salmon. While some minor refinements were suggested, the methodology can be used in a wide variety of field applications. For instance, application of the BIA models to predict energy levels of fish during their migration will allow evaluation of management programs, while also yielding data that can be used to evaluate energy use along the migratory path. Correlations of energy level with ongoing tagging, radio-tracking, and genetic studies also have the potential to allow managers and scientists to understand the relationship between fat content and distance to spawning location. These models have the potential for application to this species in other river systems. They also provide tools for a variety of other scientific investigation such as: 1) differences in energy stores in spawning and recruitment success; 2) effects of global warming on migratory salmonid stocks; and 3) differences in annual flow and temperature regiments upon migratory energy costs and resulting recruitment success.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative","usgsCitation":"Margraf, F.J., Hartman, K.J., and Cox, M.K., 2005, Non-lethal estimation of body composition of Yukon River salmon: Final Report, iv, 23 p.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-007579","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382963,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382962,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.aykssi.org/project/energy-content-of-yukon-river-chinook-salmon/"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -132.93457031249997,\n              59.712097173322924\n            ],\n            [\n              -139.4384765625,\n              64.62387720204688\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.53613281249997,\n              66.9816661111497\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.521484375,\n              65.34851379240024\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.1474609375,\n              62.512317938386914\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.0810546875,\n              62.91523303947614\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.0146484375,\n              63.29293924364835\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.7509765625,\n              62.08331486294795\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.8505859375,\n              61.33353967329144\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.1259765625,\n              61.75233128411639\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.2802734375,\n              64.14895190024562\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.85351562499997,\n              65.09064558256851\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.07421875,\n              66.19600891267761\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.8662109375,\n              64.64270382119375\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.44921875,\n              63.25341156651705\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.8896484375,\n              61.079544234557304\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.47265625,\n              59.512029386502704\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.93457031249997,\n              59.712097173322924\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Margraf, F. Joseph jmargraf@usgs.gov","contributorId":257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margraf","given":"F.","email":"jmargraf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartman, Kyle J.","contributorId":6414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartman","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16210,"text":"Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cox, M. Keith","contributorId":166685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":72649,"text":"ofr20051197 - 2005 - Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: III. biweekly data, 2000-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T22:14:32.296403","indexId":"ofr20051197","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1197","title":"Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: III. biweekly data, 2000-2002","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051197","usgsCitation":"Antweiler, R.C., Smith, R.L., Voytek, M.A., Bohlke, J., and Dupre, D.H., 2005, Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: III. biweekly data, 2000-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1197, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051197.","productDescription":"74 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382244,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1197/"},{"id":7022,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1197/ofr20051197.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Illinois","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.75,40.5 ], [ -87.75,41.25 ], [ -87,41.25 ], [ -87,40.5 ], [ -87.75,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688c89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":66293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dupre, David H. dhdupre@usgs.gov","contributorId":2782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dupre","given":"David","email":"dhdupre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":72651,"text":"sir20055195 - 2005 - Hydrogeology and simulation of source areas of water to production wells in a colluvium-mantled carbonate-bedrock aquifer near Shippensburg, Cumberland and Franklin Counties, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-24T20:36:41.03836","indexId":"sir20055195","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5195","title":"Hydrogeology and simulation of source areas of water to production wells in a colluvium-mantled carbonate-bedrock aquifer near Shippensburg, Cumberland and Franklin Counties, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"This report presents the results of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Shippensburg Borough Authority to evaluate the source areas of water to production wells in a colluvium-mantled carbonate-bedrock aquifer in Cumberland and Franklin Counties, Pa. The areal extent of the zone of contribution was simulated for three production wells near Shippensburg, Pa. by use of a ground-water-flow model. A 111-square-mile area was selected as the model area and includes areas of the South Mountain Section and the Great Valley Section of the Valley and Ridge Physiographic Province. Within the model area, the geologic units in the South Mountain area are predominantly metamorphic rocks and the geologic units in the Great Valley are predominantly carbonate rocks. Hydrologic and geologic information were compiled to establish a conceptual model of ground-water flow. Characteristics of aquifer materials were determined, and streamflow and water levels were measured. Streamflow measurements in November 2003 showed all streams lost water as they flowed from South Mountain over the colluvium-mantled carbonate aquifer into the Great Valley. Some streams lost more than 1 cubic foot per second to the aquifer in this area. The Shippensburg Borough Authority owns three production wells in the model area. Two wells, Cu 969 and Fr 823, are currently (2004) used as production wells and produce 500,000 and 800,000 gallons per day, respectively. Well Cu 970 is intended to be brought on line as a production well in the future. Water levels were measured in 43 wells to use for model calibration. Water-level fluctuations and geophysical logs indicated confined conditions in well Cu 970. \r\n\r\nGround-water flow was simulated with a model that consisted of two vertical layers, with five zones in each layer. The units were hydrostratigraphic units that initially were based on geologic formations, but boundaries were adjusted during model calibration. Model calibration resulted in a root mean square error of 9.8 feet. A parameter-estimation package was used during model calibration to estimate three parameters. The parameter estimation resulted in a value of 233 feet per day for horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the highly fractured carbonate rocks and sandy colluvium in layer 1; 3.97 feet per day for horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the ridge-forming unit in layer 1; and a value of 1.73 for horizontal anisotropy in both layers. \r\n\r\nThe calibrated model was used to delineate the areal extent of the zone of contribution for wells Cu 969 and Fr 823. Although well Cu 970 is not currently (2004) being used, the areal extent of its zone of contribution also was simulated without additional model calibration. The shape of the areal extent of the zone of contribution was similar for each well and included an area that extended from the well southwest along the Tomstown Formation, and then extended southeast into the metamorphic rocks of South Mountain. The contributing areas from the watersheds of losing streams were also delineated because losing stream reaches bisect the areal extent of the zones of contribution. \r\n\r\nSpatial uncertainty of the areal extent of the zone of contribution was illustrated using a Monte-Carlo analysis. The model was run 1,000 times using randomly generated parameter sets that were normally distributed within the confidence interval around the optimal values for the three estimated parameters. The model converged and had a reasonable water budget for 980 of the model runs. For each of those 980 model runs, the recharge area was determined, and the results for all runs were compiled and contoured. The results of the Monte-Carlo analysis were compared to the results of the deterministic model, illustrating that the deterministic model has the greatest certainty in the area closest to each well in the Tomstown Formation. The areas farther from the well, upgradient, and in the metamorphic rocks have a higher degree","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055195","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, B., 2005, Hydrogeology and simulation of source areas of water to production wells in a colluvium-mantled carbonate-bedrock aquifer near Shippensburg, Cumberland and Franklin Counties, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5195, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055195.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414751,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75450.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7060,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5195/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Cumberland County, Franklin County","city":"Shippensburg","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.4,\n              39.9333\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.4,\n              40.1208\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6431,\n             40.1208\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6431,\n              39.9333\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.4,\n              39.9333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685532","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce D.","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":285811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":72648,"text":"ofr20051380 - 2005 - Water-quality data, Huron County, Michigan 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:37","indexId":"ofr20051380","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1380","title":"Water-quality data, Huron County, Michigan 2004","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051380","usgsCitation":"Duris, J.W., and Haack, S.K., 2005, Water-quality data, Huron County, Michigan 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1380, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051380.","productDescription":"38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7021,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1380/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.83333333333333,42.416666666666664 ], [ -83.83333333333333,43.416666666666664 ], [ -83.25,43.416666666666664 ], [ -83.25,42.416666666666664 ], [ -83.83333333333333,42.416666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5636","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duris, Joseph W. 0000-0002-8669-8109 jwduris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8669-8109","contributorId":1981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duris","given":"Joseph","email":"jwduris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":285801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haack, Sheridan K. skhaack@usgs.gov","contributorId":1982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"Sheridan","email":"skhaack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":72645,"text":"ofr20051286 - 2005 - Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, January-December 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:01","indexId":"ofr20051286","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1286","title":"Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, January-December 2003","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051286","usgsCitation":"La Camera, R.J., Locke, G.L., and Habte, A.M., 2005, Selected ground-water data for Yucca Mountain region, southern Nevada and eastern California, January-December 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1286, 82 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051286.","productDescription":"82 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7019,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1286/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5f9ff8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"La Camera, Richard J.","contributorId":52212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Camera","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Locke, Glenn L. gllocke@usgs.gov","contributorId":2479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"Glenn","email":"gllocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Habte, Aron M.","contributorId":108206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Habte","given":"Aron","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":72646,"text":"wdrWI041 - 2005 - Water resources data - Wisconsin, water year 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:01","indexId":"wdrWI041","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"WI-04-1","title":"Water resources data - Wisconsin, water year 2004","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrWI041","issn":"07408803","usgsCitation":"Waschbusch, R., Olson, D., Marsh, S., and Stark, P., 2005, Water resources data - Wisconsin, water year 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report WI-04-1, 990 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrWI041.","productDescription":"990 p.","numberOfPages":"990","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7020,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2004/wdr-wi-04-1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8861","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waschbusch, R.J.","contributorId":107307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waschbusch","given":"R.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, D.L.","contributorId":34943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marsh, S.B.","contributorId":105329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stark, P.A.","contributorId":39850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":72642,"text":"sir20055166 - 2005 - Hydrogeologic setting, ground-water flow, and ground-water quality at the Lake Wheeler Road research station, 2001-03 : North Carolina Piedmont and Mountains Resource Evaluation Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-18T22:33:14.349836","indexId":"sir20055166","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5166","title":"Hydrogeologic setting, ground-water flow, and ground-water quality at the Lake Wheeler Road research station, 2001-03 : North Carolina Piedmont and Mountains Resource Evaluation Program","docAbstract":"Results of a 2-year field study of the regolith-fractured bedrock ground-water system at the Lake Wheeler Road research station in Wake County, North Carolina, indicate both disconnection and interaction among components of the ground-water system. The three components of the ground-water system include (1) shallow, porous regolith; (2) a transition zone, including partially weathered rock, having both secondary (fractures) and primary porosity; and (3) deeper, fractured bedrock that has little, if any, primary porosity and is dominated by secondary fractures. The research station includes 15 wells (including a well transect from topographic high to low settings) completed in the three major components of the ground-water-flow system and a surface-water gaging station on an unnamed tributary.\r\n\r\nThe Lake Wheeler Road research station is considered representative of a felsic gneiss hydrogeologic unit having steeply dipping foliation and a relatively thick overlying regolith. Bedrock foliation generally strikes N. 10? E. to N. 30? E. and N. 20? W. to N. 40? W. to a depth of about 400 feet and dips between 70? and 80? SE. and NE., respectively. From 400 to 600 feet, the foliation generally strikes N. 70? E. to N. 80? E., dipping 70? to 80? SE. Depth to bedrock locally ranges from about 67 to 77 feet below land surface. Fractures in the bedrock generally occur in two primary sets: low dip angle, stress relief fractures that cross cut foliation, and steeply dipping fractures parallel to foliation.\r\n\r\nFindings of this study generally support the conceptual models of ground-water flow from high to low topographic settings developed for the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces in previous investigations, but are considered a refinement of the generalized conceptual model based on a detailed local-scale investigation. Ground water flows toward a surface-water boundary, and hydraulic gradients generally are downward in recharge areas and upward in discharge areas; however, local variations in vertical gradients are apparent.\r\n\r\nWater-quality sampling and monitoring efforts were conducted to characterize the interaction of components of the ground-water system. Elevated nitrate concentrations as high as 22 milligrams per liter were detected in shallow ground water from the regolith at the study site. These elevated nitrate concentrations likely are related to land use, which includes agricultural practices that involve animal feeding operations and crop fertilization. Continuous ground-water-quality data indicate seasonal fluctuations in field water-quality properties, differences with respect to depth, and fluctuations during recharge events. Water-quality properties recorded in the regolith well following rainfall indicate the upwelling of deeper ground water in the discharge area, likely from ground water in the transition-zone fractures. Additionally, interaction with a surface-water boundary appears likely in the ground-water discharge area, as water levels in all three ground-water zones, including the deep bedrock, mimic the surface-water rise during rainfall.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055166","usgsCitation":"Chapman, M.J., Bolich, R.E., and Huffman, B.A., 2005, Hydrogeologic setting, ground-water flow, and ground-water quality at the Lake Wheeler Road research station, 2001-03 : North Carolina Piedmont and Mountains Resource Evaluation Program: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5166, 99 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055166.","productDescription":"99 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7018,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5166/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":396213,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75454.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Wake County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Wheeler Road Research Station","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.6731,\n              35.7353\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6811,\n              35.7353\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6811,\n              35.7297\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6731,\n              35.7297\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6731,\n              35.7353\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db6920ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Melinda J. 0000-0003-4021-0320 mjchap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4021-0320","contributorId":1597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Melinda","email":"mjchap@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bolich, Richard E.","contributorId":89615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolich","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huffman, Brad A. 0000-0003-4025-1325 bahuffma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1325","contributorId":1596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"Brad","email":"bahuffma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":72581,"text":"sir20055208 - 2005 - Potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:36","indexId":"sir20055208","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5208","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2004","docAbstract":"The Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas comprises dolomites, limestones, sandstones, and shales of Late Cambrian to Middle Devonian age, and ranges in thickness from approximately 1,100 feet to more than 4,000 feet. Hydrologically, the aquifer is complex, characterized by discrete and discontinuous flow components with large variations in permeability. \r\n\r\nThe potentiometric-surface map, based on 59 well and 5 spring water-level measurements collected in 2004 in Arkansas and Missouri, indicates maximum water-level altitudes of about 1,188 feet in Benton County and minimum water-level altitudes of about 116 feet in Randolph County. Regionally, the flow within the aquifer is to the south and southeast in the eastern and central part of the study area and to the northwest and north in the western part of the study area. Comparing the 2004 potentiometric- surface map with a predevelopment potentiometricsurface map indicates general agreement between the two surfaces. Potentiometric-surface differences could be attributed to differences in pumping related to changing population from 1990 to 2000, change in source for public supplies, processes or water use outside the study area, or differences in data-collection or map-construction methods.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20055208","usgsCitation":"Schrader, T., 2005, Potentiometric surface of the Ozark aquifer in northern Arkansas, 2004 (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5208, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055208.","productDescription":"16 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7616,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5208/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95,33 ], [ -95,36.833333333333336 ], [ -89,36.833333333333336 ], [ -89,33 ], [ -95,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682f38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schrader, T.P.","contributorId":56300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schrader","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":72582,"text":"sir20055173 - 2005 - Simulation of flow and sediment transport in the white sturgeon spawning habitat of the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:58","indexId":"sir20055173","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5173","title":"Simulation of flow and sediment transport in the white sturgeon spawning habitat of the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho","docAbstract":"Characterization of sediment transport of the Kootenai River in the white sturgeon spawning reach is needed by the Kootenai River White Sturgeon Recovery Team to predict sediment-transport conditions that improve spawning conditions for the white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho. The decreasing population and spawning failure of the white sturgeon has led to much concern. Few wild juvenile sturgeon are found in the river today.\r\n\r\nThe Kootenai River begins in British Columbia, Canada, and flows through Montana, Idaho, and back into British Columbia. A 15-mile reach of the Kootenai River in Idaho was studied, including the white sturgeon spawning reach that has been designated as a critical habitat near Bonners Ferry, Idaho, and a 1-mile long side channel around the western side of Shorty Island.\r\n\r\nA one-dimensional sediment-transport model of the study reach was developed, calibrated, and used to simulate the response of the hydraulic and sediment system to varying discharges and water-surface elevations. The model comprises 79 cross sections, most of which came from a previous river survey conducted in 2002-03. Bed-sediment samples collected in 2002 and additional samples collected for this study in 2004 were used in the model.\r\n\r\nThe model was calibrated to discharge and water-surface elevations at two U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations. The model also was calibrated to suspended-sediment discharge at several sites in the study reach.\r\n\r\nThe calibrated model was used to simulate six different management alternatives to assess erosion and deposition under varying hydraulic conditions at the end of 21 days of simulation. Alternative 1 was simulated with a discharge of 6,000  cubic feet per second (ft3/s), alternative 2 with 20,000  ft3/s, alternative 3 with 40,000  ft3/s, and alternatives 4 through 6 with 60,000  ft3/s and represents low to high discharges in the river since the construction of Libby Dam.\r\n\r\nSediment deposition was dominant in management alternatives 1 through 4. The streambed in the sandbed reach changed little or not at all. The gravel-cobble reach was more dynamic.\r\n\r\nIn alternatives 1 through 4, deposition was the dominant feature because increasing river discharge alone did not produce boundary shear stresses that can erode and transport streambed sediments. Water-surface slope probably was the limiting factor in these alternatives because backwater conditions flattens the stage throughout the reach. High flows in the river probably would be more effective in eroding the streambed and transporting sediments if water-surface slope was increased. One practical method for increasing the slope is to lower the water level in Kootenay Lake. Two additional alternatives (5 and 6) were simulated to demonstrate the effects of a steeper slope in the study reach.\r\n\r\nSimulation results from management alternatives 5 and  6 (a discharge of 60,000  ft3/s) were quite different than those from alternatives 1-4. Erosion was the dominant feature in these simulations because water-surface slopes were increased by lowering water levels in Kootenay Lake. Slopes in alternatives 5 and 6 were 2.4 and 3.5 times, respectively, greater than slope in alternative 4. For alternatives 5 and  6, sediment deposition dominated in the gravel-cobble reach while erosion dominated in the sandbed reach. Downstream of Ambush Rock (river mile 151.8) in the sandbed reach, maximum streambed decreased 2 and 3 feet in alternatives 5 and 6, respectively. Decreases also were prevalent in the side channel and averaged 1 foot or greater.\r\n\r\nWhite sturgeon eggs have been collected in the study reach since 1994. The largest number of eggs have been collected in the reach adjacent to Shorty Island. Another large number of eggs was located between river miles 149 and 146. Although these reaches for alternatives 5 and 6 were erosional, these reaches are still considered unsuitable spawning habitat because","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20055173","usgsCitation":"Berenbrock, C., and Bennett, J.P., 2005, Simulation of flow and sediment transport in the white sturgeon spawning habitat of the Kootenai River near Bonners Ferry, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5173, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055173.","productDescription":"81 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7617,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5173/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f2e74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berenbrock, Charles","contributorId":30598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berenbrock","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, James P.","contributorId":100323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":72488,"text":"sir20055204 - 2005 - Ground-water availability from surficial aquifers in the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-04T11:10:10","indexId":"sir20055204","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5204","title":"Ground-water availability from surficial aquifers in the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Population growth and commercial and industrial development in the Red River of the North Basin in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota have prompted the Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of the Interior, to evaluate sources of water to sustain this growth. Nine surficial-glacial (surficial) aquifers (Buffalo, Middle River, Two Rivers, Beach Ridges, Pelican River, Otter Tail, Wadena, Pineland Sands, and Bemidji-Bagley) within the Minnesota part of the basin were identified and evaluated for their ground-water resources. Information was compiled and summarized from published studies to evaluate the availability of ground water. Published information reviewed for each of the aquifers included location and extent, physical characteristics, hydraulic properties, ground-water and surface-water interactions, estimates of water budgets (sources of recharge and discharge) and aquifer storage, theoretical well yields and actual ground-water pumping data, recent (2003) ground-water use data, and baseline ground-water-quality data.</p>\n<p>Water-budget estimates for the aquifers were compiled from steady-state aquifer simulations, precipitation data and hydrograph analysis, and recharge and discharge information. Major sources of recharge to the aquifers are areal recharge, flow from surface water, and flow across aquifer boundaries from adjacent geologic units. Losses of water from the aquifers include evapotranspiration, flow to surface water, flow across aquifer boundaries, and withdrawals by pumping wells. The Bemidji-Bagley, Otter Tail, Pineland Sands, and Wadena surficial aquifers have the highest rates of water inflow and outflow of the nine aquifers in the study area, and the Middle River surficial aquifer has the lowest rates of total water inflow and outflow.</p>\n<p>Maximum storage volumes of five of the surficial aquifers were calculated using areal extent and published saturated thickness and porosity data. Storage estimates from published studies were included for three of the surficial aquifers. Maximum theoretical well yields for the aquifers generally occur in areas with more abundant, well-sorted, coarse-grained sediment. In 2003, 28 billion gallons of ground water were withdrawn from the aquifers, not including water used for private supply. In 2003, the largest volume of ground water was withdrawn from the Otter Tail surficial aquifer, and the smallest volume was withdrawn from the the Middle River surficial aquifer. Agricultural irrigation and public supply totaled 95 percent of the volume of ground water withdrawn from the aquifers in 2003.</p>\n<p>Ground-water-quality data indicate that the Buffalo aquifer contained the largest specific conductance and concentrations of dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulfate, and iron. Ground water from the Bemidji-Bagley, Otter Tail, Pineland Sands, and Wadena surficial aquifers contained the largest concentrations of nitrate (as nitrogen). In general, the nine aquifers are hydraulically connected to local surface water. Simulations of ground-water development for some of the aquifers describe correlations between increased ground-water withdrawals and declining lake levels and streamflows, lower water-table altitudes, and variations in ground-water quality.</p>\n<p>On the basis of data and methods presented to evaluate ground-water availability, the Otter Tail and Pineland Sands surficial aquifers and Pelican River sand-plain aquifer have the greatest potential for additional development of ground-water resources in the study area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055204","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Geological Survey and Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of the Interior","usgsCitation":"Reppe, T.H., 2005, Ground-water availability from surficial aquifers in the Red River of the North Basin, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5204, viii, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055204.","productDescription":"viii, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"63","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319756,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20055204.JPG"},{"id":7542,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5204/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Red River of the North Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.4052734375, 49.001843917978526 ], [ -99.99755859375, 48.99463598353408 ], [ -99.964599609375, 48.915279853443806 ], [ -99.755859375, 48.88639177703194 ], [ -99.755859375, 48.719961222646276 ], [ 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,{"id":72487,"text":"ofr20051337 - 2005 - Sampling and analysis plan for ground-water monitoring of wells near the metropolitan utilities district's Platte River West Well Field near Wann, Nebraska: Part I, field sampling plan and Part II, quality assurance project plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:59","indexId":"ofr20051337","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1337","title":"Sampling and analysis plan for ground-water monitoring of wells near the metropolitan utilities district's Platte River West Well Field near Wann, Nebraska: Part I, field sampling plan and Part II, quality assurance project plan","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051337","usgsCitation":"McGuire, V., Godberson, J., and Wilson, R.C., 2005, Sampling and analysis plan for ground-water monitoring of wells near the metropolitan utilities district's Platte River West Well Field near Wann, Nebraska: Part I, field sampling plan and Part II, quality assurance project plan (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1337, 75 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051337.","productDescription":"75 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7541,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1337/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fde26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, V. L. 0000-0002-3962-4158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-4158","contributorId":94702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"V. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Godberson, J.A.","contributorId":94754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godberson","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilson, R. C.","contributorId":50889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":72476,"text":"sir20055211 - 2005 - Hydraulic characterization of overpressured tuffs in central Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-10T08:44:47","indexId":"sir20055211","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5211","title":"Hydraulic characterization of overpressured tuffs in central Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"A sequence of buried, bedded, air-fall tuffs has been used extensively as a host medium for underground nuclear tests detonated in the central part of Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site. Water levels within these bedded tuffs have been elevated hundreds of meters in areas where underground nuclear tests were detonated below the water table. Changes in the ground-water levels within these tuffs and changes in the rate and distribution of land-surface subsidence above these tuffs indicate that pore-fluid pressures have been slowly depressurizing since the cessation of nuclear testing in 1992. Declines in ground-water levels concurrent with regional land subsidence are explained by poroelastic deformation accompanying ground-water flow as fluids pressurized by underground nuclear detonations drain from the host tuffs into the overlying water table and underlying regional carbonate aquifer. A hydraulic conductivity of about 3 x 10-6 m/d and a specific storage of 9 x 10-6 m-1 are estimated using ground-water flow models. Cross-sectional and three-dimensional ground-water flow models were calibrated to measured water levels and to land-subsidence rates measured using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar. Model results are consistent and indicate that about 2 million m3 of ground water flowed from the tuffs to the carbonate rock as a result of pressurization caused by underground nuclear testing. The annual rate of inflow into the carbonate rock averaged about 0.008 m/yr between 1962 and 2005, and declined from 0.005 m/yr in 2005 to 0.0005 m/yr by 2300.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055211","usgsCitation":"Halford, K.J., Laczniak, R.J., and Galloway, D.L., 2005, Hydraulic characterization of overpressured tuffs in central Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5211, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055211.","productDescription":"55 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7535,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5211/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"central Yucca Flat","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-115.9082,39.1615],[-115.5191,38.9578],[-115.4725,38.9325],[-115.4433,38.9162],[-115.3694,38.8769],[-115.363,38.874],[-115.242,38.8093],[-115.0969,38.7309],[-115.0777,38.721],[-115.0604,38.7107],[-115.0291,38.6937],[-114.999,38.6777],[-114.9996,38.592],[-114.9997,38.4315],[-114.9994,38.3894],[-115.0004,38.0507],[-115.1185,38.0508],[-115.1436,38.0508],[-115.326,38.0515],[-115.3453,38.0514],[-115.4003,38.051],[-115.4587,38.0506],[-115.6394,38.0512],[-115.6581,38.051],[-115.8404,38.0504],[-115.8931,38.0507],[-115.8938,37.723],[-115.8969,37.5498],[-115.8975,37.2796],[-115.8982,37.1926],[-115.8942,36.8425],[-115.8941,36.686],[-115.8945,36.6702],[-115.8949,36.598],[-115.8949,36.5962],[-115.8946,36.5858],[-115.8947,36.5005],[-115.8945,36.4806],[-115.8949,36.462],[-115.8944,36.457],[-115.8948,36.3087],[-115.8945,36.2923],[-115.8943,36.1957],[-115.8945,36.1608],[-115.8948,36.1163],[-115.8948,36.0927],[-115.895,36.0015],[-115.9178,36.0192],[-115.9518,36.0457],[-115.9925,36.0773],[-116.049,36.1211],[-116.0624,36.1314],[-116.1039,36.1636],[-116.1287,36.1829],[-116.1702,36.2152],[-116.173,36.2174],[-116.2311,36.2626],[-116.2834,36.3028],[-116.2954,36.3122],[-116.3752,36.373],[-116.5107,36.4764],[-116.5247,36.4871],[-116.5589,36.5131],[-116.574,36.5245],[-116.5946,36.54],[-116.6556,36.5867],[-116.6583,36.5888],[-116.6764,36.6024],[-116.706,36.6248],[-116.7895,36.6877],[-116.8424,36.7276],[-116.8453,36.7298],[-116.8806,36.7568],[-116.8912,36.7648],[-116.9237,36.7891],[-116.9641,36.8193],[-116.9783,36.8299],[-116.981,36.8319],[-117.0046,36.8495],[-117.164,36.9688],[-117.1639,36.9698],[-117.1637,37.0182],[-117.164,37.0894],[-117.1642,37.171],[-117.1641,37.1909],[-117.1641,37.1936],[-117.1665,37.6995],[-117.1664,37.714],[-117.1663,37.7285],[-117.1663,37.7435],[-117.1662,37.7585],[-117.1657,38.0019],[-117.2198,38.0482],[-117.2397,38.0483],[-117.239,38.0641],[-117.2408,38.0705],[-117.2653,38.0932],[-117.6896,38.4731],[-118.0197,38.7599],[-118.197,38.9154],[-118.1972,38.9993],[-117.8559,39.0746],[-117.7748,39.092],[-117.7008,39.1058],[-117.6409,39.1149],[-117.5946,39.1231],[-117.4742,39.1431],[-117.3823,39.1562],[-117.3609,39.1585],[-117.3318,39.1629],[-117.3063,39.1634],[-117.2849,39.1633],[-117.1995,39.1632],[-117.0856,39.1628],[-117.0322,39.1626],[-117.0144,39.1626],[-116.9871,39.1625],[-116.9158,39.1631],[-116.7562,39.1622],[-116.7301,39.1625],[-116.5996,39.1616],[-116.5859,39.162],[-116.4815,39.1616],[-116.3497,39.1618],[-116.2358,39.1616],[-116.0548,39.1624],[-115.9082,39.1615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nye\",\"state\":\"NV\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db6297be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halford, Keith J. 0000-0002-7322-1846 khalford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-1846","contributorId":1374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halford","given":"Keith","email":"khalford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laczniak, Randell J.","contributorId":90687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laczniak","given":"Randell","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galloway, Devin L. 0000-0003-0904-5355 dlgallow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Devin","email":"dlgallow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":72479,"text":"ofr20051303 - 2005 - Results of a monitoring program of continuous water levels and physical water properties at the Operable Unit 1 area of the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site, Milford, New Hampshire, water years 2000-03","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:18","indexId":"ofr20051303","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1303","title":"Results of a monitoring program of continuous water levels and physical water properties at the Operable Unit 1 area of the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site, Milford, New Hampshire, water years 2000-03","docAbstract":" The Milford-Souhegan glacial-drift (MSGD) aquifer, in south-central New Hampshire, is an important source of industrial, commercial, and domestic water. The MSGD aquifer was also an important source of drinking water for the town of Milford until it was found to contain high concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Savage and Keyes municipal-supply wells in the early 1980s. A VOC plume was found to cover part of the southwestern half of the MSGD aquifer. In September 1984, the site was designated a Superfund site, called the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site. The primary source area of contaminants was a former tool manufacturing facility (called the OK Tool facility, and now called the Operable Unit 1 (OU1) area) that disposed of solvents at the surface and in the subsurface. The facility was closed in 1987 and removed in 1998. A low-permeability containment barrier wall was constructed and installed in the overburden (MSGD aquifer) in 1998 to encapsulate the highest concentrations of VOCs, and a pump-and-treat remediation facility was also added. Remedial operations of extraction and injection wells started in May 1999.\r\n\r\nA network of water-level monitoring sites was implemented in water year 2000 (October 1, 1999, through September 30, 2000) in the OU1 area to help assess the effectiveness of remedial operations to mitigate the VOC plume, and to evaluate the effect of the barrier wall and remedial operations on the hydraulic connections across the barrier and between the overburden and underlying bedrock. Remedial extraction and injections wells inside and outside the barrier help isolate ground-water flow inside the barrier and the further spreading of VOCs. This report summarizes both continuous and selected periodic manual measurements of water level and physical water properties (specific conductance and water temperature) for 10 monitoring locations during water years 2000-03. Additional periodic manual measurements of water levels were made at four nearby monitoring wells. Water levels are referenced to periods of remedial extraction and injection operations.\r\n\r\nRemedial extraction inside the barrier in the overburden causes water-level drawdowns in interior (inside the barrier) monitoring wells but also exterior (outside the barrier) monitoring wells. Drawdowns were observed in the following descending sequence at: interior overburden wells, interior underlying bedrock wells, exterior underlying bedrock wells, and exterior overburden wells.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051303","usgsCitation":"Harte, P.T., 2005, Results of a monitoring program of continuous water levels and physical water properties at the Operable Unit 1 area of the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site, Milford, New Hampshire, water years 2000-03: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1303, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051303.","productDescription":"54 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1999-10-01","temporalEnd":"2003-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":468,"text":"New Hampshire-Vermont Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7537,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1303/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.71666666666667,42.833333333333336 ], [ -71.71666666666667,42.86666666666667 ], [ -71.66666666666667,42.86666666666667 ], [ -71.66666666666667,42.833333333333336 ], [ -71.71666666666667,42.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6254cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harte, Philip T. 0000-0002-7718-1204 ptharte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-1204","contributorId":1008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harte","given":"Philip","email":"ptharte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":72480,"text":"sir20055147 - 2005 - Development of regional curves relating bankfull-channel geometry and discharge to drainage area for streams in Pennsylvania and selected areas of Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-10T10:35:12","indexId":"sir20055147","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5147","title":"Development of regional curves relating bankfull-channel geometry and discharge to drainage area for streams in Pennsylvania and selected areas of Maryland","docAbstract":"Natural-stream designs are commonly based on the dimensions of the bankfull channel, which is capable of conveying discharges that transport sediment without excessive erosion or deposition. Regional curves relate bankfull-channel geometry and discharge to drainage area in watersheds with similar runoff characteristics and commonly are utilized by practitioners of natural-stream design to confirm or refute selection of the field-identified bankfull channel. Data collected from 66 streamflow-gaging stations and associated stream reaches between December 1999 and December 2003 were used in one-variable ordinary least-squares regression analyses to develop regional curves relating drainage area to cross-sectional area, discharge, width, and mean depth of the bankfull channel. Watersheds draining to these stations are predominantly within the Piedmont, Ridge and Valley, and Appalachian Plateaus Physiographic Provinces of Pennsylvania and northern Maryland. \r\n\r\nStatistical analyses of physiography, percentage of watershed area underlain by carbonate bedrock, and percentage of watershed area that is glaciated indicate that carbonate bedrock, not physiography or glaciation, has a controlling influence on the slope of regional curves. Regional curves developed from stations in watersheds underlain by 30 percent or less carbonate bedrock generally had steeper slopes than the corresponding relations developed from watersheds underlain by greater than 30 percent carbonate bedrock. In contrast, there is little evidence to suggest that regional curves developed from stations in the Piedmont or Ridge and Valley Physiographic Province are different from the corresponding relations developed from stations in the Appalachian Plateaus Physiographic Province. On the basis of these findings, regional curves are presented to represent two settings that are independent of physiography: (1) noncarbonate settings characterized by watersheds with carbonate bedrock underlying 30 percent or less of watershed area, and (2) carbonate settings characterized by watersheds with carbonate bedrock underlying greater than 30 percent of watershed area. \r\n\r\nAll regional curves presented in this report have slopes that are significantly different from zero and normally distributed residuals that vary randomly with drainage area. Drainage area explains the most variability in bankfull cross-sectional area and bankfull discharge in the noncarbonate setting (R2 = 0.92 for both). Less variability is explained in bankfull width and depth (R2 = 0.81 and 0.72, respectively). Regional curves representing the carbonate setting are generally not as statistically robust as the corresponding noncarbonate relations because there were only 11 stations available to develop these curves and drainage area cannot explain variance resulting from karst features. The carbonate regional curves generally are characterized by less confidence, lower R2 values, and higher residual standard errors. Poor representation by watersheds less than 40 mi2 causes the carbonate regional curves for bankfull discharge, cross-sectional area, and mean depth to be disproportionately influenced by the smallest watershed (values of Cook's Distance range from 3.6 to 8.4). Additional bankfull discharge and channel-geometry data from small watersheds might reduce this influence, increase confidence, and generally improve regional curves representing the carbonate setting. \r\n\r\nLimitations associated with streamflow-gaging station selection and development of the curves result in some constraints for the application of regional curves presented in this report. These curves apply only to streams within the study area in watersheds having land use, streamflow regulation, and drainage areas that are consistent with the criteria used for station selection. Regardless of the setting, the regional curves presented here are not intended for use as the sole method for estimation of bankfull characteristics; however, th","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20055147","usgsCitation":"Chaplin, J.J., 2005, Development of regional curves relating bankfull-channel geometry and discharge to drainage area for streams in Pennsylvania and selected areas of Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5147, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055147.","productDescription":"40 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7538,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5147/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81,39.833333333333336 ], [ -81,42.833333333333336 ], [ -74,42.833333333333336 ], [ -74,39.833333333333336 ], [ -81,39.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65de31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaplin, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-0617-5050 jchaplin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0617-5050","contributorId":147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaplin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jchaplin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":72483,"text":"sir20055210 - 2005 - Water, ice, and meteorological measurements at South Cascade glacier, Washington, balance year 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:59","indexId":"sir20055210","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5210","title":"Water, ice, and meteorological measurements at South Cascade glacier, Washington, balance year 2003","docAbstract":"Winter snow accumulation and summer snow and ice ablation were measured at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, to estimate glacier mass-balance quantities for balance year 2003. The 2003 glacier-average maximum winter snow balance was 2.66 meters water equivalent, which was about equal to the average of such balances for the glacier since balance year 1959. The 2003 glacier summer balance (-4.76 meters water equivalent) was the most negative reported for the glacier, and the 2003 net balance (-2.10 meters water equivalent), was the second-most negative reported. The glacier 2003 annual (water year) balance was -1.89 meters water equivalent. \r\n\r\nThe area of the glacier near the end of the balance year was 1.89 square kilometers, a decrease of 0.03 square kilometer from the previous year. The equilibrium-line altitude was higher than any part of the glacier; however, because snow remained along part of one side of the upper glacier, the accumulation-area ratio was 0.07. During September 13, 2002-September 13, 2003, the glacier terminus retreated at a rate of about 15 meters per year. Average speed of surface ice, computed using a series of vertical aerial photographs dating back to 2001, ranged from 2.2 to 21.8 meters per year. \r\n\r\nRunoff from the subbasin containing the glacier and from an adjacent non-glacierized basin was gaged during part of water year 2003. Air temperature, precipitation, atmospheric water-vapor pressure, wind speed, and incoming solar radiation were measured at selected locations on and near the glacier. Summer 2003 at the glacier was among the warmest for which data are available.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20055210","usgsCitation":"Bidlake, W.R., Josberger, E.G., and Savoca, M.E., 2005, Water, ice, and meteorological measurements at South Cascade glacier, Washington, balance year 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5210, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055210.","productDescription":"60 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7540,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5210/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478ee4b07f02db489b05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bidlake, William R. wbidlake@usgs.gov","contributorId":1712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidlake","given":"William","email":"wbidlake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Josberger, Edward G. ejosberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":1710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"Edward","email":"ejosberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savoca, Mark E. mesavoca@usgs.gov","contributorId":1961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoca","given":"Mark","email":"mesavoca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":72466,"text":"fs20053047 - 2005 - USGS activities in the Lake Tahoe Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:01","indexId":"fs20053047","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-3047","title":"USGS activities in the Lake Tahoe Basin","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20053047","usgsCitation":"Rowe, T.G., Halsing, D., Raines, G.L., Thacker, A.M., and Watermolen, S.C., 2005, USGS activities in the Lake Tahoe Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3047, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20053047.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7495,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/fs20053047/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2005_3047.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db61107c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, Timothy G.","contributorId":8455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halsing, David","contributorId":75587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halsing","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raines, Gary L.","contributorId":48162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thacker, Angelia M.","contributorId":96368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thacker","given":"Angelia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Watermolen, Shannon C. scwaterm@usgs.gov","contributorId":3239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watermolen","given":"Shannon","email":"scwaterm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70205941,"text":"70205941 - 2005 - Late Devonian Alamo Impact, southern Nevada, USA: Evidence of size, marine site, and widespread effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T12:41:46.564191","indexId":"70205941","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-10T14:42:23","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Devonian Alamo Impact, southern Nevada, USA: Evidence of size, marine site, and widespread effects","docAbstract":"<p><span>The early Late Devonian (early Frasnian) Alamo Impact targeted an oceanic, off-platform site in southern Nevada, excavating a crater with a final diameter of 44–65 km. The original crater is now dismembered and buried beneath younger rocks. Consequently, its size and site must be deduced through multiple converging lines of geological and paleontological evidence. Previous and new evidence includes the catastrophically emplaced Alamo Breccia, tsunamites, shock-metamorphosed quartz grains, carbonate accretionary lapilli, an iridium anomaly, sub-Breccia clastic injection, deep-water Breccia channels, and ejecta material. We now demonstrate, on the basis of conodont microfossils in carbonate ejecta clasts within lapillistone blocks and widely distributed shocked-quartz and lithic-clast ejecta within the upper part of the Breccia, that the Alamo Impact excavated down at least into Upper Cambrian strata, at a depth of 1.7 km, and possibly into the underlying Proterozoic–Lower Cambrian Prospect Mountain Quartzite, ∼2.5 km beneath the Late Devonian seafloor. Distal tsunamites and probable ejecta are now documented as far north as Devils Gate, northern Nevada, and as far northeast as the Confusion Range, western Utah. A charcoal-bearing, early Frasnian estuarine deposit in the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming, may provide the first evidence of an Alamo Impact fallout-generated forest fire. Our new data further document the widespread effects and size of the Alamo Impact, and constrain the likely present position of the tectonically transported crater to an area between the Timpahute and Hot Creek Ranges, southern Nevada.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0-8137-2384-1.259","usgsCitation":"Morrow, J.R., Sandberg, C., and Harris, A.G., 2005, Late Devonian Alamo Impact, southern Nevada, USA: Evidence of size, marine site, and widespread effects: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, p. 259-280, https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2384-1.259.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"280","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.257080078125,\n              37.1165261849112\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.63134765625001,\n              37.1165261849112\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.63134765625001,\n              40.12849105685408\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.257080078125,\n              40.12849105685408\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.257080078125,\n              37.1165261849112\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrow, Jared R.","contributorId":65934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandberg, Charles sandberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":199124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Charles","email":"sandberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, Anita G.","contributorId":50162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Anita","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":72436,"text":"ofr20051053 - 2005 - Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: II. diel data, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-15T22:13:30.672116","indexId":"ofr20051053","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1053","title":"Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: II. diel data, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051053","usgsCitation":"Antweiler, R.C., Smith, R.L., Voytek, M.A., and Bohlke, J., 2005, Water-quality data from two agricultural drainage basins in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois: II. diel data, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1053, 124 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051053.","productDescription":"124 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382243,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1053/"},{"id":382171,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1053/pdf/OFR%2020051053.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Illinois","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.5,40.666666666666664 ], [ -87.5,40.833333333333336 ], [ -87.41666666666667,40.833333333333336 ], [ -87.41666666666667,40.666666666666664 ], [ -87.5,40.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e57c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Antweiler, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5652-6034 antweil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5652-6034","contributorId":1481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antweiler","given":"Ronald","email":"antweil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":66293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John Karl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":72434,"text":"sim2905 - 2005 - Ground-water levels in the Spokane valley - Rathdrum Prairie aquifer, Spokane County, Washington, and Bonner and Kootenai Counties, Idaho, September 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:55","indexId":"sim2905","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2905","title":"Ground-water levels in the Spokane valley - Rathdrum Prairie aquifer, Spokane County, Washington, and Bonner and Kootenai Counties, Idaho, September 2004","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sim2905","usgsCitation":"Campbell, A.M., 2005, Ground-water levels in the Spokane valley - Rathdrum Prairie aquifer, Spokane County, Washington, and Bonner and Kootenai Counties, Idaho, September 2004 (Online only): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2905, 1 sheet, 41 x 29 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2905.","productDescription":"1 sheet, 41 x 29 in.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7455,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2905/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online only","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6675d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Annette M. annettec@usgs.gov","contributorId":3933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Annette","email":"annettec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":285646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70205872,"text":"70205872 - 2005 - Remote sensing of coastal environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T07:11:38","indexId":"70205872","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-08T18:37:24","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Remote sensing of coastal environments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coastal ecosystems are transitional environments that are sensitively balanced between open water and upland landscapes. Worldwide, they exhibit extreme variations in areal extent, spatial complexity, and temporal variability. Sustaining these ecosystems requires the ability to monitor their biophysical features and controlling processes at high spatial and temporal resolutions but within a holistic context. Remote sensing is the only tool that can economically measure these features and processes over large areas at appropriate resolutions. Consequently, it offers the only holistic approach to understanding the variable forces shaping the dynamic coastal landscape. Remote sensing must be able to adjust to these spatially and temporally changing conditions and also be able to discriminate subtle differences in these systems. As a result, remote sensing of coastal ecosystems is a complex undertaking that needs to incorporate not only the ability to define the observable hydrologic and vegetation features, but also the scale of measurement.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Coastal Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_257","usgsCitation":"Ramsey III, E., 2005, Remote sensing of coastal environments, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, p. 797-804, https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_257.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"797","endPage":"804","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey III, Elijah 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":212009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey III","given":"Elijah","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":772740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70205865,"text":"70205865 - 2005 - National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70205862,"text":"70205862 - 2005 - Results of the acid rain program: Status and trends of emissions and environmental impacts (1990–2002)","indexId":"70205862","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"Results of the acid rain program: Status and trends of emissions and environmental impacts (1990–2002)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70205865,"text":"70205865 - 2005 - National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment","indexId":"70205865","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":70205863,"text":"70205863 - 2005 - Assessing acid deposition: Advances in the state of science","indexId":"70205863","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"chapter":"3","title":"Assessing acid deposition: Advances in the state of science"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70205865,"text":"70205865 - 2005 - National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment","indexId":"70205865","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"title":"National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-09T07:15:17","indexId":"70205865","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-08T16:27:32","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5871,"text":"Report to Congress","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment","docAbstract":"<p>Acid deposition, more commonly known as acid rain,&nbsp;occurs when emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen&nbsp;oxides (NOx) react in the atmosphere (with water, oxygen,&nbsp;and oxidants) to form various acidic compounds. These&nbsp;acidic compounds then fall to earth in either a wet form&nbsp;(rain, snow, and fog) or a dry form (gases, aerosols, and&nbsp;particles). Prevailing winds transport the acidic compounds&nbsp;hundreds of miles, often across state and national borders.&nbsp;At certain levels the acidic compounds, including small particles such as sulfates and nitrates can cause many negative&nbsp;human health and environmental effects. While ecosystems&nbsp;are subject to many stresses, including land-use changes,&nbsp;climate change, and variations in hydrologic and meteorologic cycles, the scientific literature has clearly demonstrated&nbsp;that these pollutants can:<br>• Degrade air quality,<br>• Impair visibility,<br>• Damage public health,<br>• Acidify lakes and streams,<br>• Harm sensitive forests,<br>• Harm sensitive coastal ecosystems, and<br>• Accelerate the decay of building materials, paints, and&nbsp;cultural artifacts such as buildings, statues, and&nbsp;sculptures.<br></p><p>Title IV was passed by Congress as part of the 1990 Clean&nbsp;Air Act Amendments to reduce emissions of SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>x&nbsp;</sub>from fossil fuel-burning power plants in order to protect<br>ecosystems suffering damage from acid deposition and to&nbsp;improve air quality. At the same time, the National Acid&nbsp;Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) was asked to&nbsp;periodically assess and report to Congress on the&nbsp;implementation of the Acid Rain Program, recent scientific&nbsp;knowledge surrounding acid deposition and its effects, and<br>the reduction in acid deposition necessary to prevent&nbsp;adverse ecological effects. This NAPAP Report focuses primarily on emission reductions from power plants, both in&nbsp;terms of assessing past reductions under the Acid Rain&nbsp;Program and in projecting the ecological effects of additional reductions of SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub>. </p><p>It should be noted that power generation&nbsp;currently contributes approximately 69% of&nbsp;the SO<sub>2</sub> emissions and 22% of the NO<sub>x</sub> emissions nationwide. This contribution is&nbsp;decreasing as emissions from power generation continue to decrease, making the other&nbsp;sources of these pollutants more prominent.&nbsp;Modeling suggests that even if SO<sub>2</sub><br>emissions from power generation were&nbsp;reduced to zero, some lakes and streams&nbsp;would remain acidic due to acid deposition.&nbsp;However, there are several other regulations&nbsp;that reduce emissions of SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> from&nbsp;these non-power generation sources, such&nbsp;as the Tier II mobile source standards, the&nbsp;Heavy Duty Diesel standards, and the Clean&nbsp;Air Non-Road Diesel Rule, that have also&nbsp;been promulgated since 1990. These regulations, primarily designed to bring counties&nbsp;into attainment with fine particle and ozone&nbsp;air quality standards, also incidentally reduce&nbsp;emissions that contribute to acid deposition.</p><p>Implementation of Title IV has successfully&nbsp;and substantially reduced emissions of SO<sub>2&nbsp;</sub>and NO<sub>x</sub> from power generation at a significantly lower cost than expected:<br>• In 2002, SO<sub>2</sub> emissions were 10.2 million&nbsp;tons, 35% lower than 1990 emissions and&nbsp;40% lower than 1980 emissions.*<br>• In 2002, NO<sub>x</sub> emissions were 4.5 million&nbsp;tons, 33% lower than 1990 emissions.<br></p><p>In addition, SO<sub>2</sub> emissions from all sources&nbsp;have decreased by 32% since 1990 and&nbsp;emissions of NO<sub>x</sub> from all sources have&nbsp;decreased by 12% since 1990. Power generating sources continue to close in on the&nbsp;goal of reducing power plant SO<sub>2</sub> emissions&nbsp;from 1980 levels by 50% (to 8.95 million&nbsp;tons) as required by the 1990 Clean Air Act.&nbsp;Power generating sources have also exceed­ed the goal of a two million ton reduction in&nbsp;NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from projected 2000 levels&nbsp;as required by the 1990 Clean Air Act.<br></p><p>These emission reductions have contributed&nbsp;to measurable improvements in air quality,&nbsp;reductions in acid deposition, and the beginnings of recovery of acid-sensitive waters in&nbsp;some areas:<br>• SO2 concentrations in the atmosphere (a&nbsp;precursor to fine particles and acid deposition) have decreased since 1990. Average&nbsp;annual SO2 concentrations in the&nbsp;Northeast in 2000–2002 were 40% lower&nbsp;than they were in 1989–1991, concentrations in the mid-Atlantic were 30% lower,&nbsp;concentrations in the Southeast were 35%&nbsp;lower, and concentrations in the Midwest&nbsp;were 45% lower.<br>• Sulfate concentrations in the atmosphere (a major component of fine particles, especially in the East) have&nbsp;decreased since 1990 as well. Average&nbsp;annual sulfate concentrations in the&nbsp;Northeast and Midwest in 2000–2002&nbsp;were approximately 30% lower than they were in&nbsp;1989–1991, and concentrations in the mid-Atlantic and&nbsp;Southeast were 25% lower.<br>• Wet sulfate deposition, a major component of acid rain,&nbsp;has also decreased since 1990. Average annual sulfate&nbsp;deposition in the Northeast in 2000–2002 was 40% lower&nbsp;than it was in 1989–1991, deposition in the mid-Atlantic&nbsp;and Midwest was 35% lower, and deposition in the&nbsp;Southeast was 25% lower.<br>• Wet nitrate deposition has not decreased regionally from&nbsp;historical levels because of the relatively moderate NO<sub>x</sub>&nbsp;reduction from power plants and the continuing large contribution (over 50% of total NOx emissions) from other&nbsp;sources of NO<sub>x</sub> such as vehicles and nonroad vehicles.<br>• Although visibility has begun to improve in some parts&nbsp;of the U.S., there is still significant impairment of visibility in many national parks and other Class I areas&nbsp;throughout the U.S.<br>• Acid neutralizing capacity is beginning to rise in some&nbsp;surface waters in the Northeast, including lakes in the&nbsp;Adirondack Mountains (see graphic below). This is an&nbsp;indication that recovery from acidification is occurring in&nbsp;those areas.&nbsp;<br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NOAA","usgsCitation":"2005, National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report to Congress: An integrated assessment: Report to Congress, 85 p.","productDescription":"85 p.","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csd/aqrsd/reports/napapreport05.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Burtraw, Dallas","contributorId":219624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burtraw","given":"Dallas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772705,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, Thomas","contributorId":219625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772706,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colburn, Kenneth","contributorId":219626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colburn","given":"Kenneth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772707,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Driscoll, C.","contributorId":28784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772708,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grigal, David","contributorId":219627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grigal","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":772709,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":72430,"text":"sir20055052 - 2005 - Hydrology and water quality of lakes and streams in Orange County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:55","indexId":"sir20055052","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-5052","title":"Hydrology and water quality of lakes and streams in Orange County, Florida","docAbstract":"Orange County, Florida, is continuing to experience a large growth in population. In 1920, the population of Orange County was less than 20,000; in 2000, the population was about 896,000. The amount of urban area around Orlando has increased considerably, especially in the northwest part of the County. The eastern one-third of the County, however, had relatively little increase in urbanization from 1977-97. The increase of population, tourism, and industry in Orange County and nearby areas changed land use; land that was once agricultural has become urban, industrial, and major recreation areas. These changes could impact surface-water resources that are important for wildlife habitat, for esthetic reasons, and potentially for public supply. Streamflow characteristics and water quality could be affected in various ways.\r\n\r\nAs a result of changing land use, changes in the hydrology and water quality of Orange County's lakes and streams could occur. Median runoff in 10 selected Orange County streams ranges from about 20 inches per year (in/yr) in the Wekiva River to about 1.1 in/yr in Cypress Creek. The runoff for the Wekiva River is significantly higher than other river basins because of the relatively constant spring discharge that sustains streamflow, even during drought conditions. The low runoff for the Cypress Creek basin results from a lack of sustained inflow from ground water and a relatively large area of lakes within the drainage basin.\r\n\r\nStreamflow characteristics for 13 stations were computed on an annual basis and examined for temporal trends. Results of the trend testing indicate changes in annual mean streamflow, 1-day high streamflow, or 7-day low streamflow at 8 of the 13 stations. However, changes in 7-day low streamflow are more common than changes in annual mean or 1-day high streamflow.\r\n\r\nThere is probably no single reason for the changes in 7-day low streamflows, and for most streams, it is difficult to determine definite reasons for the flow increases. Low flows in the Econlockhatchee River at Chuluota have increased because of discharge of treated wastewater since 1982. However, trends in increasing 7-day low streamflow are evident before 1982, which cannot be attributed to wastewater discharge.\r\n\r\nSome of the increases in 7-day low flows may be related to drainage changes resulting from increased development in Orange County. Development for most purposes, including those as diverse as cattle grazing and residential construction, may involve modification of surface drainage through stream channelization and construction of canals. These changes in land drainage can lower the water table, resulting in reductions of regional evapotranspiration rates and increased streamflow. Another possible cause of increasing low flows in streams is use of water from the Floridan aquifer system for irrigation. Runoff of irrigation water or increased seepage from irrigated areas to streams could increase base streamflow compared to natural conditions.\r\n\r\nWater-level data were analyzed to determine temporal trends from 83 lakes that had more than 15 years of record. There were significant temporal trends in 33 of the 83 lakes (40 percent) over the entire period of record. Of these 33 lakes, 14 had increasing water levels and 19 lakes had decreasing water levels. The downward trends in long-term lake levels could in part be due to high rainfall accumulation in 1960-1961, which included precipitation from Hurricane Donna (September 1960). The high rainfall resulted in historical high-water levels in many lakes in 1960 or 1961.\r\n\r\nA large range of water-quality conditions exists in lakes and streams of Orange County (2000-01). Specific conductance in lake samples ranged from 57 to 1,185 microsiemens per centimeter. Values of pH ranged from 3.2 to 8.7 in stream samples and 4.6 to 9.6 in lake samples. Total nitrogen concentrations ranged from less than 0.2 to 7.1 milligrams per liter (mg/L) as nitrogen in stream samples, and","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20055052","usgsCitation":"German, E.R., and Adamski, J.C., 2005, Hydrology and water quality of lakes and streams in Orange County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5052, 109 p. : ill.; maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055052.","productDescription":"109 p. : ill.; maps","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":7452,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5052/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db604c05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"German, Edward R.","contributorId":85567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"German","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adamski, James C.","contributorId":20316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adamski","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":72426,"text":"fs20053089 - 2005 - Pesticides in ground water - Converse County, Wyoming, 2003-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T16:45:02","indexId":"fs20053089","displayToPublicDate":"2005-10-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-3089","title":"Pesticides in ground water - Converse County, Wyoming, 2003-04","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20053089","usgsCitation":"Eddy-Miller, C., and Remley, K., 2005, Pesticides in ground water - Converse County, Wyoming, 2003-04: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3089, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20053089.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2005_3089.jpg"},{"id":7448,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3089/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68826a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eddy-Miller, Cheryl A.","contributorId":86755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddy-Miller","given":"Cheryl A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Remley, Kendra J.","contributorId":26753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remley","given":"Kendra J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}