{"pageNumber":"106","pageRowStart":"2625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11370,"records":[{"id":70042646,"text":"70042646 - 2013 - Salmon-mediated nutrient flux in selected streams of the Columbia River basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-20T19:45:03","indexId":"70042646","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Salmon-mediated nutrient flux in selected streams of the Columbia River basin, USA","docAbstract":"Salmon provide an important resource subsidy and linkage between marine and land-based ecosystems. This flow of energy and nutrients is not uni-directional (i.e., upstream only); in addition to passive nutrient export via stream flow, juvenile emigrants actively export nutrients from freshwater environments. In some cases, nutrient export can exceed import. We evaluated nutrient fluxes in streams across central Idaho, USA using Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) adult escapement and juvenile production data from 1998 to 2008. We found in the majority of stream-years evaluated, adults imported more nutrients than progeny exported; however, in 3% of the years, juveniles exported more nutrients than their parents imported. On average, juvenile emigrants exported 22 ± 3% of the nitrogen and 30 ± 4% of the phosphorus their parents imported. This relationship was density dependent and nonlinear; during periods of low adult abundance juveniles were larger and exported up to 194% and 268% of parental nitrogen and phosphorus inputs, respectively. We highlight minimum escapement thresholds that appear to 1) maintain consistently positive net nutrient flux and 2) reduce the average proportional rate of export across study streams. Our results suggest a state-shift occurs when adult spawner abundance falls below a threshold to a point where the probability of juvenile nutrient exports exceeding adult imports becomes increasingly likely.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, Ontario","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2012-0347","usgsCitation":"Kohler, A.E., Kusnierz, P.C., Copeland, T., Venditti, D.A., Denny, L., Gable, J., Lewis, B., Kinzer, R., Barnett, B., and Wipfli, M.S., 2013, Salmon-mediated nutrient flux in selected streams of the Columbia River basin, USA: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 70, no. 3, p. 502-512, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0347.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"512","ipdsId":"IP-039469","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268391,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0347"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.46,42.15 ], [ -121.46,48.13 ], [ -111.19,48.13 ], [ -111.19,42.15 ], [ -121.46,42.15 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"70","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515ea0f6e4b088aa2258098c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohler, Andre E.","contributorId":62491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohler","given":"Andre","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kusnierz, Paul C.","contributorId":13881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kusnierz","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Copeland, Timothy","contributorId":27760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Venditti, David A.","contributorId":38036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venditti","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Denny, Lytle","contributorId":96172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Lytle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gable, Josh","contributorId":7156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gable","given":"Josh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lewis, Bert","contributorId":92138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Bert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kinzer, Ryan","contributorId":45201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinzer","given":"Ryan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barnett, Bruce","contributorId":82565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":471975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70040729,"text":"70040729 - 2013 - The impact of lower sea-ice extent on Arctic greenhouse-gas exchange","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T10:00:21","indexId":"70040729","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-17T09:48:44","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impact of lower sea-ice extent on Arctic greenhouse-gas exchange","docAbstract":"In September 2012, Arctic sea-ice extent plummeted to a new record low: two times lower than the 1979–2000 average. Often, record lows in sea-ice cover are hailed as an example of climate change impacts in the Arctic. Less apparent, however, are the implications of reduced sea-ice cover in the Arctic Ocean for marine–atmosphere CO<sub>2</sub> exchange. Sea-ice decline has been connected to increasing air temperatures at high latitudes. Temperature is a key controlling factor in the terrestrial exchange of CO<sub>2</sub> and methane, and therefore the greenhouse-gas balance of the Arctic. Despite the large potential for feedbacks, many studies do not connect the diminishing sea-ice extent with changes in the interaction of the marine and terrestrial Arctic with the atmosphere. In this Review, we assess how current understanding of the Arctic Ocean and high-latitude ecosystems can be used to predict the impact of a lower sea-ice cover on Arctic greenhouse-gas exchange.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Climate Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1038/nclimate1784","usgsCitation":"Parmentier, F.W., Christensen, T.R., Sorensen, L.L., Rysgaard, S., McGuire, A., Miller, P.A., and Walker, D.A., 2013, The impact of lower sea-ice extent on Arctic greenhouse-gas exchange: Nature Climate Change, v. 3, p. 195-202, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1784.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"202","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-037560","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280966,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280965,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1784"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,52.5 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,52.5 ], [ -180.0,52.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd780ee4b0b2908510be59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parmentier, Frans-Jan W.","contributorId":60537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parmentier","given":"Frans-Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christensen, Torben R.","contributorId":11946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Torben","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sorensen, Lise Lotte","contributorId":89057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Lise","email":"","middleInitial":"Lotte","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rysgaard, Soren","contributorId":78245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rysgaard","given":"Soren","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. David","contributorId":18494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Paul A.","contributorId":57372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Walker, Donald A.","contributorId":100022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":468900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70043543,"text":"70043543 - 2013 - Introduced northern pike predation on salmonids in southcentral Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-18T13:16:48","indexId":"70043543","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduced northern pike predation on salmonids in southcentral Alaska","docAbstract":"Northern pike (<i>Esox lucius</i>) are opportunistic predators that can switch to alternative prey species after preferred prey have declined. This trophic adaptability allows invasive pike to have negative effects on aquatic food webs. In Southcentral Alaska, invasive pike are a substantial concern because they have spread to important spawning and rearing habitat for salmonids and are hypothesised to be responsible for recent salmonid declines. We described the relative importance of salmonids and other prey species to pike diets in the Deshka River and Alexander Creek in Southcentral Alaska. Salmonids were once abundant in both rivers, but they are now rare in Alexander Creek. In the Deshka River, we found that juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and coho salmon (<i>O. kisutch</i>) dominated pike diets and that small pike consumed more of these salmonids than large pike. In Alexander Creek, pike diets reflected the distribution of spawning salmonids, which decrease with distance upstream. Although salmonids dominated pike diets in the lowest reach of the stream, Arctic lamprey (<i>Lampetra camtschatica</i>) and slimy sculpin (<i>Cottus cognatus</i>) dominated pike diets in the middle and upper reaches. In both rivers, pike density did not influence diet and pike consumed smaller prey items than predicted by their gape-width. Our data suggest that (1) juvenile salmonids are a dominant prey item for pike, (2) small pike are the primary consumers of juvenile salmonids and (3) pike consume other native fish species when juvenile salmonids are less abundant. Implications of this trophic adaptability are that invasive pike can continue to increase while driving multiple species to low abundance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/eff.12024","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, A., Rutz, D.S., Ivey, S.S., Dunker, K.J., and Gross, J.A., 2013, Introduced northern pike predation on salmonids in southcentral Alaska: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 22, no. 2, p. 268-279, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12024.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"268","endPage":"279","ipdsId":"IP-036989","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267471,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12024"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alexander Creek;Deshka River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166.7,51.21 ], [ -166.7,67.68 ], [ -130.0,67.68 ], [ -130.0,51.21 ], [ -166.7,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511f5906e4b03b29402c5d4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Adam 0000-0001-7621-7028 asepulveda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7028","contributorId":4187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Adam","email":"asepulveda@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rutz, David S.","contributorId":38033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6770,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Division of Commercial Fish, Soldotna, AK 99669","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":473813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ivey, Sam S.","contributorId":105190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivey","given":"Sam","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunker, Kristine J.","contributorId":38864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunker","given":"Kristine","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6770,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish & Game, Division of Commercial Fish, Soldotna, AK 99669","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":473814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gross, Jackson A.","contributorId":14273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Jackson","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048251,"text":"70048251 - 2013 - Summary of 2012 reconnaissance field studies related to the petroleum geology of the Nenana Basin, interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T15:31:45.308232","indexId":"70048251","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T14:48:37","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":239,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"2013-2","title":"Summary of 2012 reconnaissance field studies related to the petroleum geology of the Nenana Basin, interior Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) recently initiated a multi-year review of the hydrocarbon potential of frontier sedimentary basins in Alaska (Swenson and others, 2012). In collaboration with the Alaska \nDivision of Oil & Gas and the U.S. Geological Survey we conducted reconnaissance field studies in two basins with recognized \nnatural gas potential—the Susitna basin and the Nenana basin (LePain and others, 2012). This paper summarizes our initial \nwork on the Nenana basin; a brief summary of our work in the Susitna basin can be found in Gillis and others (in press).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>During early May 2012, we conducted ten days of helicopter-supported fieldwork and reconnaissance sampling along \nthe northern Alaska Range foothills and Yukon–Tanana upland near Fairbanks (fig. 1). The goal of this work was to improve \nour understanding of the geologic development of the Nenana basin and to collect a suite of samples to better evaluate \nhydrocarbon potential. Most laboratory analyses have not yet been completed, so this preliminary report serves as a summary of field data and sets the framework for future, more comprehensive analysis to be presented in later publications.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","usgsCitation":"Wartes, M.A., Gillis, R., Herriott, T., Stanley, R.G., Helmold, K.P., Peterson, C.S., and Benowitz, J.A., 2013, Summary of 2012 reconnaissance field studies related to the petroleum geology of the Nenana Basin, interior Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2013-2, 13 p.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"17","ipdsId":"IP-043902","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279288,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277832,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/24880"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nenana Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -151.96,62.49 ], [ -151.96,66.0 ], [ -143.25,66.0 ], [ -143.25,62.49 ], [ -151.96,62.49 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7845e4b0abf75cf2d009","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wartes, Marwan A.","contributorId":47476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wartes","given":"Marwan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gillis, Robert J.","contributorId":69438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillis","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herriott, Trystan M.","contributorId":68845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herriott","given":"Trystan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Helmold, Kenneth P.","contributorId":69456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmold","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peterson, C. Shaun","contributorId":54100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Shaun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Benowitz, Jeffrey A.","contributorId":11928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benowitz","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70048253,"text":"70048253 - 2013 - Hydrocarbon-bearing sandstone in the Upper Jurassic Naknek Formation on the south shore of Kamishak Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T15:33:47.539409","indexId":"70048253","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T14:40:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":102,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1E","title":"Hydrocarbon-bearing sandstone in the Upper Jurassic Naknek Formation on the south shore of Kamishak Bay","docAbstract":"The presence of an active petroleum system in Kamishak Bay is demonstrated by an outcrop of hydrocarbon-bearing \nsandstone in the Upper Jurassic Naknek Formation near the south shore of the bay (fig. 1). The outcrop is about 140 km \nsouthwest of Homer on a small, unnamed island near the mouth of the Douglas River (fig. 17). The existence of this outcrop was kindly reported to us by Les Magoon (U.S. Geological Survey, emeritus), who also provided a topographic map \nshowing its exact position. The outcrop was mentioned very briefly in publications by Magoon and others (1975, p. 19) \nand by Lyle and Morehouse (1977, p. E-1), but to our knowledge there are no detailed descriptions of this outcrop or its \nhydrocarbons in the published scientific literature.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Overview of 2012 field studies: Upper Alaska Peninsula and west side of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","usgsCitation":"Stanley, R.G., Herriott, T., Helmold, K.P., Gillis, R., and Lillis, P.G., 2013, Hydrocarbon-bearing sandstone in the Upper Jurassic Naknek Formation on the south shore of Kamishak Bay: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2013-1E, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-042892","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280711,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/24848"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Douglas River, Kamishak Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.0,58.0 ], [ -156.0,61.0 ], [ -151.5,61.0 ], [ -151.5,58.0 ], [ -156.0,58.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53870569e4b0aa26cd7b53ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herriott, Trystan M.","contributorId":68845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herriott","given":"Trystan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Helmold, Kenneth P.","contributorId":69456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmold","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillis, Robert J.","contributorId":69438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillis","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048252,"text":"70048252 - 2013 - Reconnaissance studies of potential petroleum source rocks in the Middle Jurassic Tuxedni Group near Red Glacier, eastern slope of Iliamna Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T15:36:48.77785","indexId":"70048252","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T14:38:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":239,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1B","title":"Reconnaissance studies of potential petroleum source rocks in the Middle Jurassic Tuxedni Group near Red Glacier, eastern slope of Iliamna Volcano","docAbstract":"Previous geological and organic geochemical studies have concluded that organic-rich marine shale in the Middle Jurassic Tuxedni Group is the principal source rock of oil and associated gas in Cook Inlet (Magoon and Anders, 1992; Magoon, 1994; Lillis and Stanley, 2011; LePain and others, 2012; LePain and others, submitted). During May 2009 helicopter-assisted field studies, 19 samples of dark-colored, fine-grained rocks were collected from exposures of the Red Glacier Formation of the Tuxedni Group near Red Glacier, about 70 km west of Ninilchik on the eastern flank of Iliamna Volcano (figs. 1 and 3). The rock samples were submitted to a commercial laboratory for analysis by Rock-Eval pyrolysis and to the U.S. Geological Survey organic geochemical laboratory in Denver, Colorado, for analysis of vitrinite reflectance. The results show that values of vitrinite reflectance (percent R<sub>o</sub>) in our samples average about 2 percent, much higher than the oil window range of 0.6–1.3 percent (Johnsson and others, 1993). The high vitrinite reflectance values indicate that the rock samples experienced significant heating and furthermore suggest that these rocks may have generated oil and gas in the past but no longer have any hydrocarbon source potential. The high thermal maturity of the rock samples may have resulted from (1) the thermaleffects of igneous activity (including intrusion by igneous rocks), (2) deep burial beneath Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary strata that were subsequently removed by uplift and erosion, or (3) the combined effects of igneous activity and burial.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Overview of 2012 field studies: Upper Alaska Peninsula and west side of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska (Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2013-1)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","usgsCitation":"Stanley, R.G., Herriott, T., LePain, D., Helmold, K.P., and Peterson, C.S., 2013, Reconnaissance studies of potential petroleum source rocks in the Middle Jurassic Tuxedni Group near Red Glacier, eastern slope of Iliamna Volcano: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2013-1B, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-042894","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279275,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277833,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/24824"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Iliamna Volcano, Red Glacier","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.37585474005056,\n              60.326871087572016\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.37585474005056,\n              59.76667686431813\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.56184991356824,\n              59.76667686431813\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.56184991356824,\n              60.326871087572016\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.37585474005056,\n              60.326871087572016\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7804e4b0abf75cf2c7c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herriott, Trystan M.","contributorId":68845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herriott","given":"Trystan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LePain, David L.","contributorId":105209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LePain","given":"David L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Helmold, Kenneth P.","contributorId":69456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmold","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, C. Shaun","contributorId":54100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Shaun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70048254,"text":"70048254 - 2013 - Preliminary stratigraphy and facies analysis of the Upper Cretaceous Kaguyak Formation, including a brief summary of newly discovered oil stain, upper Alaska Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T15:39:46.197314","indexId":"70048254","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T13:08:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":239,"text":"Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1F","title":"Preliminary stratigraphy and facies analysis of the Upper Cretaceous Kaguyak Formation, including a brief summary of newly discovered oil stain, upper Alaska Peninsula","docAbstract":"<p>The Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys has an ongoing program aimed at evaluating the Mesozoic forearc stratigraphy, structure, and petroleum systems of lower Cook Inlet. Most of our field studies have focused on the Jurassic component of the petroleum system[this report.] However, in late July and early August of 2012, we initiated a study of the stratigraphy and reservoir potential of the Upper Cretaceous Kaguyak Formation.</p><p><br></p><p>The Kaguyak Formation is locally well exposed on the upper Alaska Peninsula (fig. 25) and was named by Keller and Reiser (1959) for a sequence of interbedded siltstone and sandstone of upper Campanian to Maastrichtian age that they estimated to be 1,450 m thick.Subsequent work by Detterman and Miller (1985) examined 900 m of section and interpreted the unit as the record of a prograding submarine fan.This interpretation of deep-water deposition contrasts with other Upper Cretaceous rocks exposed along the Alaska Peninsula and lower Cook Inlet that are generally described as nonmarine to shallow marine (Detterman and others, 1996; LePain and others, 2012).Based on foraminifera and palynomorphs from the COST No. 1 well, Magoon (1986) concluded that the Upper Cretaceous rocks were deposited in a variety of water depths and environments ranging from upper bathyal to nonmarine. During our recent fieldwork west and south of Fourpeaked Mountain, we similarly encountered markedly varying lithofacies in the Kaguyak Formation (fig. 25), and we also found oil-stained rocks that are consistent with the existence of an active petroleum system in Upper Cretaceous rocks on the upper Alaska Peninsula and in lower Cook Inlet. These field observations are summarized below.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Overview of 2012 field studies: Upper Alaska Peninsula and west side of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska (Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2013-1)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","usgsCitation":"Wartes, M.A., Decker, P.L., Stanley, R.G., Herriott, T., Helmold, K.P., and Gillis, R., 2013, Preliminary stratigraphy and facies analysis of the Upper Cretaceous Kaguyak Formation, including a brief summary of newly discovered oil stain, upper Alaska Peninsula: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report 2013-1F, 8 p.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"32","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-042891","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":279183,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277834,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/24849"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -154.083333,58.5 ], [ -154.083333,59.0 ], [ -153.166667,59.0 ], [ -153.166667,58.5 ], [ -154.083333,58.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"528c96b9e4b0c629af44ddf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wartes, Marwan A.","contributorId":47476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wartes","given":"Marwan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Decker, Paul L.","contributorId":106582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herriott, Trystan M.","contributorId":68845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herriott","given":"Trystan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Helmold, Kenneth P.","contributorId":69456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmold","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gillis, Robert J.","contributorId":69438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillis","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70043370,"text":"70043370 - 2013 - Towards integration of GLAS data into a national fuels mapping program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-30T12:17:31","indexId":"70043370","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Towards integration of GLAS data into a national fuels mapping program","docAbstract":"Comprehensive canopy structure and fuel data are critical for understanding and modeling wildland fire. The LANDFIRE project produces such data nationwide based on a collection of field observations, Landsat imagery, and other geospatial data. Where field data are not available, alternate strategies are being investigated. In this study, vegetation structure data available from GLAS were used to fill this data gap for the Yukon Flats Ecoregion of interior Alaska. The GLAS-derived structure and fuel layers and the original LANDFIRE layers were subsequently used as inputs into a fire behavior model to determine what effect the revised inputs would have on the model outputs. The outputs showed that inclusion of the GLAS data enabled better landscape-level characterization of\nvegetation structure and therefore enabled a broader wildland fire modeling capability. The results of this work underscore how GLAS data can be incorporated into LANDFIRE canopy structure and fuel mapping.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry","usgsCitation":"Peterson, B.E., Nelson, K., and Wylie, B., 2013, Towards integration of GLAS data into a national fuels mapping program: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 79, no. 2, p. 175-183.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"183","ipdsId":"IP-038047","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273015,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.conservationgateway.org/ConservationPractices/FireLandscapes/LANDFIRE/Documents/Peterson%20et%20all%20GLAS%20and%20Fuel%20Mapping.pdf"},{"id":273016,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats Ecoregion","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -149.55,65.47 ], [ -149.55,67.47 ], [ -142.43,67.47 ], [ -142.43,65.47 ], [ -149.55,65.47 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"79","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a874ece4b082d85d5ed90a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Birgit E. 0000-0002-4356-1540 bpeterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4356-1540","contributorId":3599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Birgit","email":"bpeterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Kurtis 0000-0003-4911-4511 knelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-4511","contributorId":3602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kurtis","email":"knelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce 0000-0002-7374-1083","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":107996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70045510,"text":"70045510 - 2013 - Plausible combinations: An improved method to evaluate the covariate structure of Cormack-Jolly-Seber mark-recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-21T13:20:45","indexId":"70045510","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2949,"text":"Open Journal Of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plausible combinations: An improved method to evaluate the covariate structure of Cormack-Jolly-Seber mark-recapture models","docAbstract":"Mark-recapture models are extensively used in quantitative population ecology, providing estimates of population vital rates, such as survival, that are difficult to obtain using other methods. Vital rates are commonly modeled as functions of explanatory covariates, adding considerable flexibility to mark-recapture models, but also increasing the subjectivity and complexity of the modeling process. Consequently, model selection and the evaluation of covariate structure remain critical aspects of mark-recapture modeling. The difficulties involved in model selection are compounded in Cormack-Jolly- Seber models because they are composed of separate sub-models for survival and recapture probabilities, which are conceptualized independently even though their parameters are not statistically independent. The construction of models as combinations of sub-models, together with multiple potential covariates, can lead to a large model set. Although desirable, estimation of the parameters of all models may not be feasible. Strategies to search a model space and base inference on a subset of all models exist and enjoy widespread use. However, even though the methods used to search a model space can be expected to influence parameter estimation, the assessment of covariate importance, and therefore the ecological interpretation of the modeling results, the performance of these strategies has received limited investigation. We present a new strategy for searching the space of a candidate set of Cormack-Jolly-Seber models and explore its performance relative to existing strategies using computer simulation. The new strategy provides an improved assessment of the importance of covariates and covariate combinations used to model survival and recapture probabilities, while requiring only a modest increase in the number of models on which inference is based in comparison to existing techniques.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Open Journal Of Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Scientific Research Publishing (SCIRP)","doi":"10.4236/oje.2013.31002","usgsCitation":"Bromaghin, J.F., McDonald, T.L., and Amstrup, S.C., 2013, Plausible combinations: An improved method to evaluate the covariate structure of Cormack-Jolly-Seber mark-recapture models: Open Journal Of Ecology, v. 3, no. 1, p. 11-22, https://doi.org/10.4236/oje.2013.31002.","startPage":"11","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"12","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042691","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/oje.2013.31002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":271382,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271381,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2013.31002"}],"volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51765bebe4b0f989f99e010f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":477673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonald, Trent L.","contributorId":92193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonald","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":477674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044758,"text":"70044758 - 2013 - Rapid runoff via shallow throughflow and deeper preferential flow in a boreal catchment underlain by frozen silt (Alaska, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T19:49:36","indexId":"70044758","displayToPublicDate":"2013-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid runoff via shallow throughflow and deeper preferential flow in a boreal catchment underlain by frozen silt (Alaska, USA)","docAbstract":"In high-latitude catchments where permafrost is present, runoff dynamics are complicated by seasonal active-layer thaw, which may cause a change in the dominant flowpaths as water increasingly contacts mineral soils of low hydraulic conductivity. A 2-year study, conducted in an upland catchment in Alaska (USA) underlain by frozen, well-sorted eolian silt, examined changes in infiltration and runoff with thaw. It was hypothesized that rapid runoff would be maintained by flow through shallow soils during the early summer and deeper preferential flow later in the summer. Seasonal changes in soil moisture, infiltration, and runoff magnitude, location, and chemistry suggest that transport is rapid, even when soils are thawed to their maximum extent. Between June and September, a shift occurred in the location of runoff, consistent with subsurface preferential flow in steep and wet areas. Uranium isotopes suggest that late summer runoff erodes permafrost, indicating that substantial rapid flow may occur along the frozen boundary. Together, throughflow and deep preferential flow may limit upland boreal catchment water and solute storage, and subsequently biogeochemical cycling on seasonal to annual timescales. Deep preferential flow may be important for stream incision, network drainage development, and the release of ancient carbon to ecosystems","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-012-0934-3","usgsCitation":"Koch, J.C., Ewing, S.A., Striegl, R.G., and McKnight, D.M., 2013, Rapid runoff via shallow throughflow and deeper preferential flow in a boreal catchment underlain by frozen silt (Alaska, USA): Hydrogeology Journal, v. 21, no. 1, p. 93-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-012-0934-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"106","numberOfPages":"14","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037392","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272216,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-012-0934-3"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.00000,54.666667 ], [ 173.00000,71.833333 ], [ -130.00000,71.833333 ], [ -130.00000,54.666667 ], [ 173.00000,54.666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6f2ce4b0b29085106405","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ewing, Stephanie A.","contributorId":50065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":476290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70042960,"text":"ofr20131009 - 2013 - Water-quality and flow data, Chulitna River basin, Southwest Alaska, October 2009-June 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-29T13:39:59","indexId":"ofr20131009","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1009","title":"Water-quality and flow data, Chulitna River basin, Southwest Alaska, October 2009-June 2012","docAbstract":"The Chulitna River basin in southwest Alaska drains an area of about 1,160 square miles, with the lower 158 square miles of the basin in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve. Water from this basin influences Lake Clark ecosystems that support salmon that, in part, sustain the Bristol Bay fishery. An area of about 391 square miles in the upper part of the Chulitna River basin has been staked for mining development (1,670 claims), and a proposed large scale copper-gold-molybdenum mine (Pebble Mine) lies adjacent to the Chulitna River drainage. The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the National Park Service conducted a water-quality assessment of the Chulitna River from October 2009 to June 2012. Discrete water-quality samples and continuous-records of dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, water-stage, and water temperature data were collected from the Chulitna River. In addition, four miscellaneous sites were visited five times during 2010–12 to measure flow and water-quality parameters.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131009","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 2013, Water-quality and flow data, Chulitna River basin, Southwest Alaska, October 2009-June 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1009, vi, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131009.","productDescription":"vi, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266716,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1009/pdf/ofr20131009.pdf"},{"id":266717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2013_1009.jpg"},{"id":266715,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1009/"}],"scale":"63360","projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chulitna River;Lake Clark National Park And Preserve","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -155.25,59.5 ], [ -155.25,61.5 ], [ -152.75,61.5 ], [ -152.75,59.5 ], [ -155.25,59.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5108ef78e4b0d965cd9f22d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70207150,"text":"70207150 - 2013 - Impacts of climate, lake size, and supra- and sub-permafrost groundwater flow on lake-talik evolution, Yukon Flats, Alaska (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-09T14:01:35","indexId":"70207150","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-23T13:52:18","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of climate, lake size, and supra- and sub-permafrost groundwater flow on lake-talik evolution, Yukon Flats, Alaska (USA)","docAbstract":"<p><span>In cold regions, hydrologic systems possess seasonal and perennial ice-free zones (taliks) within areas of permafrost that control and are enhanced by groundwater flow. Simulation of talik development that follows lake formation in watersheds modeled after those in the Yukon Flats of interior Alaska (USA) provides insight on the coupled interaction between groundwater flow and ice distribution. The SUTRA groundwater simulator with freeze–thaw physics is used to examine the effect of climate, lake size, and lake–groundwater relations on talik formation. Considering a range of these factors, simulated times for a through-going sub-lake talik to form through 90&nbsp;m of permafrost range from ∼200 to &gt; 1,000 &nbsp;years (vertical thaw rates &lt; 0.1–0.5&nbsp; m yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). Seasonal temperature cycles along lake margins impact supra-permafrost flow and late-stage cryologic processes. Warmer climate accelerates complete permafrost thaw and enhances seasonal flow within the supra-permafrost layer. Prior to open talik formation, sub-lake permafrost thaw is dominated by heat conduction. When hydraulic conditions induce upward or downward flow between the lake and sub-permafrost aquifer, thaw rates are greatly increased. The complexity of ground-ice and water-flow interplay, together with anticipated warming in the arctic, underscores the utility of coupled groundwater-energy transport models in evaluating hydrologic systems impacted by permafrost.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-012-0941-4","usgsCitation":"Wellman, T., Voss, C.I., and Walvoord, M.A., 2013, Impacts of climate, lake size, and supra- and sub-permafrost groundwater flow on lake-talik evolution, Yukon Flats, Alaska (USA): Hydrogeology Journal, v. 21, no. 1, p. 281-298, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-012-0941-4.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"298","ipdsId":"IP-041642","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.20556640625,\n              65.7509390575002\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.9703369140625,\n              65.7509390575002\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.9703369140625,\n              66.7116848761489\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.20556640625,\n              66.7116848761489\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.20556640625,\n              65.7509390575002\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wellman, Tristan 0000-0003-3049-6214 twellman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-6214","contributorId":2166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellman","given":"Tristan","email":"twellman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle Ann 0000-0003-4269-8366 walvoord@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":147211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"walvoord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047541,"text":"70047541 - 2013 - USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – July 2012 to September 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-13T14:43:29.837096","indexId":"70047541","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T18:39:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3769,"text":"Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – July 2012 to September 2012","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","usgsCitation":"Ballmann, A., White, C.L., Bodenstein, B.L., and Buckner, J., 2013, USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report – July 2012 to September 2012: Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter, no. 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,{"id":70198396,"text":"70198396 - 2013 - Testing the use of microfossils to reconstruct great earthquakes at Cascadia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:20:06","indexId":"70198396","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T16:21:30","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing the use of microfossils to reconstruct great earthquakes at Cascadia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coastal stratigraphy from the Pacific Northwest of the United States contains evidence of sudden subsidence during ruptures of the Cascadia subduction zone. Transfer functions (empirical relationships between assemblages and elevation) can convert microfossil data into coastal subsidence estimates. Coseismic deformation models use the subsidence values to constrain earthquake magnitudes. To test the response of foraminifera, the accuracy of the transfer function method, and the presence of a pre-seismic signal, we simulated a great earthquake near Coos Bay, Oregon, by transplanting a bed of modern high salt-marsh sediment into the tidal flat, an elevation change that mimics a coseismic subsidence of 0.64 m. The transplanted bed was quickly buried by mud; after 12 mo and 5 yr, we sampled it for foraminifera. Reconstruction of the simulated coseismic subsidence using our transfer function was 0.61 m, nearly identical to the actual elevation change. Our transplant experiment, and additional analyses spanning the A.D. 1700 earthquake contact at the nearby Coquille River 15 km to the south, show that sediment mixing may explain assemblage changes previously interpreted as evidence of pre-seismic land-level change in Cascadia and elsewhere.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey of America","doi":"10.1130/G34544.1","usgsCitation":"Engelhart, S.E., Horton, B.P., Nelson, A.R., Hawkes, A.D., Witter, R., Wang, K., Wang, P., and Vane, C.H., 2013, Testing the use of microfossils to reconstruct great earthquakes at Cascadia: Geology, v. 41, no. 10, p. 1067-1070, https://doi.org/10.1130/G34544.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1067","endPage":"1070","ipdsId":"IP-046321","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1285333","text":"External Repository"},{"id":356121,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fd37fe4b0f5d57878edba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engelhart, S. E.","contributorId":206643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37366,"text":"Sea Level Reserach Dept of Geosciences U of Rhode Island","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, B. P","contributorId":193401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawkes, A. D.","contributorId":206639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawkes","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37362,"text":"Geography and Geology,U of North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, K.","contributorId":206641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37364,"text":"Pacific Geoscience Center Geological Survery of Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wang, P.-L.","contributorId":206642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"P.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37365,"text":"Dept of Geosciences, National Taiwan University.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vane, C. H.","contributorId":206640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vane","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37363,"text":"British Geological Survey, Nottingham UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70074095,"text":"70074095 - 2013 - Quantifying landscape change in an arctic coastal lowland using repeat airborne LiDAR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T11:16:02","indexId":"70074095","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T16:20:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying landscape change in an arctic coastal lowland using repeat airborne LiDAR","docAbstract":"<p><span>Increases in air, permafrost, and sea surface temperature, loss of sea ice, the potential for increased wave energy, and higher river discharge may all be interacting to escalate erosion of arctic coastal lowland landscapes. Here we use airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data acquired in 2006 and 2010 to detect landscape change in a 100&nbsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>study area on the Beaufort Sea coastal plain of northern Alaska. We detected statistically significant change (99% confidence interval), defined as contiguous areas (&gt;10&nbsp;m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) that had changed in height by at least 0.55&nbsp;m, in 0.3% of the study region. Erosional features indicative of ice-rich permafrost degradation were associated with ice-bonded coastal, river, and lake bluffs, frost mounds, ice wedges, and thermo-erosional gullies. These features accounted for about half of the area where vertical change was detected. Inferred thermo-denudation and thermo-abrasion of coastal and river bluffs likely accounted for the dominant permafrost-related degradational processes with respect to area (42%) and volume (51%). More than 300 thermokarst pits significantly subsided during the study period, likely as a result of storm surge flooding of low-lying tundra (&lt;1.4&nbsp;m asl) as well as the lasting impact of warm summers in the late-1980s and mid-1990s. Our results indicate that repeat airborne LiDAR can be used to detect landscape change in arctic coastal lowland regions at large spatial scales over sub-decadal time periods.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045025","usgsCitation":"Jones, B.M., Stoker, J.M., Gibbs, A.E., Grosse, G., Romanovsky, V.E., Douglas, T.A., Kinsman, N.E., and Richmond, B.M., 2013, Quantifying landscape change in an arctic coastal lowland using repeat airborne LiDAR: Environmental Research Letters, v. 8, no. 4, Article 045025; 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045025.","productDescription":"Article 045025; 10 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051098","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -148.5,70.0 ], [ -148.5,70.5 ], [ -146.5,70.5 ], [ -146.5,70.0 ], [ -148.5,70.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6ec7e4b0b29085105fdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoker, Jason M. 0000-0003-2455-0931 jstoker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2455-0931","contributorId":3021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoker","given":"Jason","email":"jstoker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibbs, Ann E. 0000-0002-0883-3774 agibbs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-3774","contributorId":2644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Ann","email":"agibbs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":101475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","affiliations":[{"id":34291,"text":"University of Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":489391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Romanovsky, Vladimir E.","contributorId":40113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"Vladimir","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Douglas, Thomas A. 0000-0003-1314-1905","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-1905","contributorId":64553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Douglas","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33087,"text":"Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":489388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kinsman, Nichole E.M.","contributorId":100285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinsman","given":"Nichole","email":"","middleInitial":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70048255,"text":"70048255 - 2013 - Status of a reconnaissance field study of the Susitna basin, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-05T16:08:38.338897","indexId":"70048255","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Status of a reconnaissance field study of the Susitna basin, 2011","docAbstract":"<p>The Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Division of Oil and Gas\n(DOG), in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) performed reconnaissance field studies for ten\ndays in late June 2011, in the Susitna basin, directly north of Cook Inlet, south-central Alaska (fig. 1). The purpose\nof our investigation was to reconnoiter outcrops in the basin and along its periphery to gather new information\ntowards understanding the basin formation history and stratigraphy. This reconnaissance data represents the first\nstep toward better understanding the basin’s hydrocarbon potential, a key component of DGGS’s multi-year In-\nState Gas Program. This program is focused on collecting baseline geologic information from potential frontier\ngas basins to encourage new exploration to help, in part, reduce the high cost of energy in rural Alaska. Our work\nrepresents the first season of this three-year project. Preliminary results from year two, a companion project within\nthe Nenana and Tanana basins in interior Alaska, are described by Wartes and others (2013). DGGS plans to return\nto the Susitna basin for follow-up fieldwork during the third and final year of the program.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The motivation for developing a better understanding of the Susitna basin stems from the recognition that\nthe Susitna basin shares similar age coal-bearing strata with the adjacent, petroliferous Cook Inlet forearc basin\n(Barnes, 1966; Reed and Nelson, 1980) and with exhumed strata in the Matanuska Valley forearc basin (Trop and\nothers, 2003) (figs. 1 and 2). Cook Inlet basin has eight producing oil fields, more than 25 producing gas fields,\nand likely contains many additional undiscovered oil and gas accumulations (LePain and others, in press). Most\nof the Cook Inlet gas is of microbial origin and apparently was sourced from abundant coalbeds of primarily\nMiocene age in the Tyonek, Beluga, and Sterling Formations (Claypool and others, 1980; Magoon, 1994). If the\nbiogenic gas model for Cook Inlet is applicable to the Susitna basin, then the latter may be a viable source for\nAlaska Railbelt and rural energy needs.</p>\n<br>\n<p>This brief overview report summarizes the reconnaissance field data collected in the Susitna basin during the\nfirst summer of the program. As the data are developed, this report will be followed by interpretive technical reports\naddressing the stratigraphy, reservoir quality, coal quality and gas potential, hydrocarbon seal integrity, subsurface\nstructure, and uplift history of the basin and sub-basin margins.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","publisherLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","doi":"10.14509/25015","usgsCitation":"Gillis, R., Stanley, R.G., LePain, D., Mauel, D.J., Herriott, T., Helmold, K.P., Peterson, C.S., Wartes, M.A., and Shellenbaum, D.P., 2013, Status of a reconnaissance field study of the Susitna basin, 2011, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.14509/25015.","productDescription":"8 p.","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-042889","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473985,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/25015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287641,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Susitna Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -152.0762,61.2797 ], [ -152.0762,62.9966 ], [ -147.3878,62.9966 ], [ -147.3878,61.2797 ], [ -152.0762,61.2797 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b401e4b09e18fc023aaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillis, Robert J.","contributorId":69438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillis","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LePain, David L.","contributorId":105209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LePain","given":"David L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mauel, David J.","contributorId":99049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mauel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herriott, Trystan M.","contributorId":68845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herriott","given":"Trystan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Helmold, Kenneth P.","contributorId":69456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmold","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Peterson, C. Shaun","contributorId":54100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Shaun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wartes, Marwan A.","contributorId":47476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wartes","given":"Marwan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Shellenbaum, Diane P.","contributorId":45225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbaum","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70044608,"text":"70044608 - 2013 - Residency times and patterns of movement of postbreeding dunlin on a subarctic staging area in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:23:35","indexId":"70044608","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:26:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residency times and patterns of movement of postbreeding dunlin on a subarctic staging area in Alaska","docAbstract":"Understanding how individuals use key resources is critical for effective conservation of a population. The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) in western Alaska is the most important postbreeding staging area for shorebirds in the subarctic North Pacific, yet little is known about movements of shorebirds there during the postbreeding period. To address this information gap, we studied residency times and patterns of movement of 17 adult and 17 juvenile radio-marked Dunlin (Calidris alpina) on the YKD between early August and early October 2005. Throughout this postbreeding period, during which Dunlin were molting, most birds were relocated within a 130 km radius of their capture site on the YKD, but three birds were relocated more than 600 km to the south at estuaries along the Alaska Peninsula. On average, juvenile Dunlin were relocated farther away from the banding site (median relocation distance = 36.3 km) than adult Dunlin (median relocation distance = 8.8 km). Post-capture, minimum lengths of stay by Dunlin on the YKD were not significantly different between juveniles (median = 19 days) and adults (median = 23 days), with some birds staging for more than 50 days. Body mass at time of capture was the best single variable explaining length of stay on the YKD, with average length of stay decreasing by 2.5 days per additional gram of body mass at time of capture. Conservation efforts for postbreeding shorebirds should consider patterns of resource use that may differ not only by age cohort but also by individual condition.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Arctic","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic4327","usgsCitation":"Warnock, N., Handel, C.M., Gill, R., and McCaffery, B.J., 2013, Residency times and patterns of movement of postbreeding dunlin on a subarctic staging area in Alaska: Arctic, v. 66, no. 4, p. 407-416, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4327.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"416","ipdsId":"IP-043271","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489706,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4327","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286893,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic4327"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5368b2f9e4b059f7e8288367","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warnock, Nils","contributorId":64534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Warnock","given":"Nils","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCaffery, Brian J.","contributorId":37617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffery","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048479,"text":"70048479 - 2013 - Extent of endocrine disruption in fish of western and Alaskan National Parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-09T14:24:26","indexId":"70048479","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:20:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Extent of endocrine disruption in fish of western and Alaskan National Parks","docAbstract":"In 2008 2009, 998 fish were collected from 43 water bodies across 11 western Alaskan national parks and analyzed for reproductive abnormalities. Exposure to estrogenic substances such as pesticides can induce abnormalities like intersex. Results suggest there is a greater propensity for male intersex fish collected from parks located in the Rocky Mountains, and specifically in Rocky Mountain NP. Individual male intersex fish were also identified at Lassen Volcanic, Yosemite, and WrangellSt. Elias NPs. The preliminary finding of female intersex was determined to be a false positive. The overall goal of this project was to assess the general health of fish from eleven western national parks to infer whether health impacts may be linked to contaminant health thresholds for animal andor human health. This was accomplished by evaluating the presence of intersex fish with eggs developing in male gonads or sperm developing in female gonads using histology. In addition, endocrine disrupting compounds and other contaminants were quantified in select specimens. General histologic appearance of the gonadal tissue and spleen were observed to assess health.","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Schreck, C.B., and Kent, M., 2013, Extent of endocrine disruption in fish of western and Alaskan National Parks, 70 p.","productDescription":"70 p.","numberOfPages":"72","ipdsId":"IP-051204","costCenters":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286051,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286037,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://data.doi.gov/dataset/extent-of-endocrine-disruption-in-fish-of-western-and-alaskan-national-parks"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53559434e4b0120853e8bf70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kent, Michael","contributorId":7177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70003787,"text":"70003787 - 2013 - Relationships between ecosystem metabolism, benthic macroinvertebrate densities, and environmental variables in a sub-arctic Alaskan river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-30T13:50:22","indexId":"70003787","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:40:37","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between ecosystem metabolism, benthic macroinvertebrate densities, and environmental variables in a sub-arctic Alaskan river","docAbstract":"Relationships between environmental variables, ecosystem metabolism, and benthos are not well understood in sub-arctic ecosystems. The goal of this study was to investigate environmental drivers of river ecosystem metabolism and macroinvertebrate density in a sub-arctic river. We estimated primary production and respiration rates, sampled benthic macroinvertebrates, and monitored light intensity, discharge rate, and nutrient concentrations in the Chena River, interior Alaska, over two summers. We employed Random Forests models to identify predictor variables for metabolism rates and benthic macroinvertebrate density and biomass, and calculated Spearman correlations between in-stream nutrient levels and metabolism rates. Models indicated that discharge and length of time between high water events were the most important factors measured for predicting metabolism rates. Discharge was the most important variable for predicting benthic macroinvertebrate density and biomass. Primary production rate peaked at intermediate discharge, respiration rate was lowest at the greatest time since last high water event, and benthic macroinvertebrate density was lowest at high discharge rates. The ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to soluble reactive phosphorus ranged from 27:1 to 172:1. We found that discharge plays a key role in regulating stream ecosystem metabolism, but that low phosphorous levels also likely limit primary production in this sub-arctic stream.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-012-1272-0","usgsCitation":"Benson, E.R., Wipfli, M.S., Clapcott, J.E., and Hughes, N.F., 2013, Relationships between ecosystem metabolism, benthic macroinvertebrate densities, and environmental variables in a sub-arctic Alaskan river: Hydrobiologia, v. 701, no. 1, p. 189-207, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-012-1272-0.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"207","ipdsId":"IP-028102","costCenters":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11122/6957","text":"External Repository"},{"id":275585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":275584,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-012-1272-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chena River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147.93,64.74 ], [ -147.93,64.90 ], [ -147.44,64.90 ], [ -147.44,64.74 ], [ -147.93,64.74 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"701","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51f8e064e4b0cecbe8fa98a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Emily R.","contributorId":41315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":348836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clapcott, Joanne E.","contributorId":71464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clapcott","given":"Joanne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughes, Nicholas F.","contributorId":40497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":348837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70121936,"text":"70121936 - 2013 - Genetic relationships among some subspecies of the Peregrine Falcon (<i>Falco peregrinus</i> L.), inferred from mitochondrial DNA control-region sequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T18:07:44","indexId":"70121936","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:14:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic relationships among some subspecies of the Peregrine Falcon (<i>Falco peregrinus</i> L.), inferred from mitochondrial DNA control-region sequences","docAbstract":"<p>The ability to successfully colonize and persist in diverse environments likely requires broad morphological and behavioral plasticity and adaptability, and this may partly explain why the Peregrine Falcon (<i>Falco peregrinus</i>) exhibits a large range of morphological characteristics across their global distribution. Regional and local differences within Peregrine Falcons were sufficiently variable that ∼75 subspecies have been described; many were subsumed, and currently 19 are generally recognized. We used sequence information from the control region of the mitochondrial genome to test for concordance between genetic structure and representatives of 12 current subspecies and from two areas where subspecies distributions overlap. Haplotypes were broadly shared among subspecies, and all geographic locales shared a widely distributed common haplotype (FalconCR2). Haplotypes were distributed in a star-like phylogeny, consistent with rapid expansion of a recently derived species, with observed genetic patterns congruent with incomplete lineage sorting and/or differential rates of evolution on morphology and neutral genetic characters. Hierarchical analyses of molecular variance did not uncover genetic partitioning at the continental level, despite strong population-level structure (<i>F</i>ST = 0.228). Similar analyses found weak partitioning, albeit significant, among subspecies (<i>F</i>CT = 0.138). All reconstructions placed the hierofalcons' (Gyrfalcon [<i>F. rusticolus</i>] and Saker Falcon [<i>F. cherrug</i>]) haplotypes in a well-supported clade either basal or unresolved with respect to the Peregrine Falcon. In addition, haplotypes representing Taita Falcon (<i>F. fasciinucha</i>) were placed within the Peregrine Falcon clade.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2012.11173","usgsCitation":"White, C.M., Sonsthagen, S.A., Sage, G.K., Anderson, C., and Talbot, S.L., 2013, Genetic relationships among some subspecies of the Peregrine Falcon (<i>Falco peregrinus</i> L.), inferred from mitochondrial DNA control-region sequences: The Auk, v. 130, no. 1, p. 78-87, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.11173.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"87","ipdsId":"IP-034544","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2012.11173","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fd9f54e4b0adaeea6c4e2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Clayton M.","contributorId":84278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Clayton","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Clifford","contributorId":44472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Clifford","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70074263,"text":"70074263 - 2013 - Historical methane hydrate project review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-02T14:43:20","indexId":"70074263","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:01:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Historical methane hydrate project review","docAbstract":"<p>In 1995, U.S. Geological Survey made the first systematic assessment of the volume of natural gas stored in the hydrate accumulations of the United States. That study, along with numerous other studies, has shown that the amount of gas stored as methane hydrates in the world greatly exceeds the volume of known conventional gas resources. However, gas hydrates represent both a scientific and technical challenge and much remains to be learned about their characteristics and occurrence in nature. Methane hydrate research in recent years has mostly focused on: (1) documenting the geologic parameters that control the occurrence and stability of gas hydrates in nature, (2) assessing the volume of natural gas stored within various gas hydrate accumulations, (3) analyzing the production response and characteristics of methane hydrates, (4) identifying and predicting natural and induced environmental and climate impacts of natural gas hydrates, and (5) analyzing the effects of methane hydrate on drilling safety.</p><p>Methane hydrates are naturally occurring crystalline substances composed of water and gas, in which a solid water-­‐lattice holds gas molecules in a cage-­‐like structure. The gas and water becomes a solid under specific temperature and pressure conditions within the Earth, called the hydrate stability zone. Other factors that control the presence of methane hydrate in nature include the source of the gas included within the hydrates, the physical and chemical controls on the migration of gas with a sedimentary basin containing methane hydrates, the availability of the water also included in the hydrate structure, and the presence of a suitable host sediment or “reservoir”. The geologic controls on the occurrence of gas hydrates have become collectively known as the “methane hydrate petroleum system”, which has become the focus of numerous hydrate research programs.</p><p><br></p><p>Recognizing the importance of methane hydrate research and the need for a coordinated effort, the U.S. Congress enacted Public Law 106-­‐193, the Methane Hydrate Research and Development Act of 2000. This Act called for the Secretary of Energy to begin a methane hydrate research and development program in consultation with other U.S. federal agencies. At the same time a new methane hydrate research program had been launched in Japan by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry to develop plans for a methane hydrate exploratory drilling project in the Nankai Trough. Since this early start we have seen other countries including India, China, Canada, and the Republic of Korea establish large gas hydrate research and development programs. These national led efforts have also included the investment in a long list of important scientific research drilling expeditions and production test studies that have provided a wealth of information on the occurrence of methane hydrate in nature. The most notable expeditions and projects have including the following:</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Ocean Drilling Program Leg 164 (1995)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Japan Nankai Trough Project (1999-­‐2000)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Ocean Drilling Program Leg 204 (2004)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Japan Tokai-­‐oki to Kumano-­‐nada Project (2004)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Gulf of Mexico JIP Leg I (2005)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 311 (2005)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Malaysia Gumusut-­‐Kakap Project (2006)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐India NGHP Expedition 01 (2006)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐China GMGS Expedition 01 (2007)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Republic of Korea UBGH Expedition 01 (2007)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Gulf of Mexico JIP Leg II (2009)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Republic of Korea UBGH Expedition 02 (2010)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐MH-­‐21 Nankai Trough Pre-­‐Production Expedition (2012-­‐2013)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Mallik Gas Hydrate Testing Projects (1998/2002/2007-­‐2008)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Alaska Mount Elbert Stratigraphic Test Well (2007)</p><p><br></p><p>-­‐Alaska Iġnik Sikumi Methane Hydrate Production Test Well (2011-­‐2012)</p><p><br></p><p>Research coring and seismic programs carried out by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), starting with the ODP Leg 164 drilling of the Blake Ridge in the Atlantic Ocean in 1995, have also contributed greatly to our understanding of the geologic controls on the formation, occurrence, and stability of gas hydrates in marine environments. For the most part methane hydrate research expeditions carried out by the ODP and IODP provided the foundation for our scientific understanding of gas hydrates. The methane hydrate research efforts under ODP-­‐IODP have mostly dealt with the assessment of the geologic controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate, with a specific goal to study the role methane hydrates may play in the global carbon cycle.</p><p><br></p><p>Over the last 10 years, national led methane hydrate research programs, along with industry interest have led to the development and execution of major methane hydrate production field test programs. Two of the most important production field testing programs have been conducted at the Mallik site in the Mackenzie River Delta of Canada and in the Eileen methane hydrate accumulation on the North Slope of Alaska. Most recently we have also seen the completion of the world’s first marine methane hydrate production test in the Nankai Trough in the offshore of Japan. Industry interest in gas hydrates has also included important projects that have dealt with the assessment of geologic hazards associated with the presence of hydrates.</p><p><br></p><p>The scientific drilling and associated coring, logging, and borehole monitoring technologies developed in the long list of methane hydrate related field studies are one of the most important developments and contributions associated with methane hydrate research and development activities. Methane hydrate drilling has been conducted from advanced scientific drilling platforms like the JOIDES Resolution and the D/V Chikyu, which feature highly advanced integrated core laboratories and borehole logging capabilities. Hydrate research drilling has also included the use of a wide array of industry, geotechnical and multi-­‐service ships. All of which have been effectively used to collect invaluable geologic and engineering data on the occurrence of methane hydrates throughout the world. Technologies designed specifically for the collection and analysis of undisturbed methane hydrate samples have included the development of a host of pressure core systems and associated specialty laboratory apparatus. The study and use of both wireline conveyed and logging-­‐while-­‐drilling technologies have also contributed greatly to our understanding of the in-­‐situ nature of hydrate-­‐bearing sediments. Recent developments in borehole instrumentation specifically designed to monitor changes associated with hydrates in nature through time or to evaluate the response of hydrate accumulations to production have also contributed greatly to our understanding of the complex nature and evolution of methane hydrate systems.</p><p><br></p><p>Our understanding of how methane hydrates occur and behave in nature is still growing and evolving – we do not yet know if methane hydrates can be economically produced, nor do we know fully the role of hydrates as an agent of climate change or as a geologic hazard. But it is known for certain that scientific drilling has contributed greatly to our understanding of hydrates in nature and will continue to be a critical source of the information to advance our understanding of methane hydrates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Consortium for Ocean Leadership","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","collaboration":"Report prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy - National Energy Technology Laboratory, by the Consortium for Ocean Leadership","usgsCitation":"Collett, T., Bahk, J., Frye, M., Goldberg, D., Husebo, J., Koh, C., Malone, M., Shipp, C., and Torres, M., 2013, Historical methane hydrate project review, Part 1: 110 p.; Part 2: 32 p.; Part 3: 42 p.","productDescription":"Part 1: 110 p.; Part 2: 32 p.; Part 3: 42 p.","numberOfPages":"187","ipdsId":"IP-045213","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287819,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://oceanleadership.org/wp-content/uploads/COL_DOE_GH_Review-part3_Final.pdf"},{"id":281602,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://oceanleadership.org/scientific-programs/methane-hydrate-field-program/"},{"id":287817,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://oceanleadership.org/wp-content/uploads/COL_DOE_GH_Review-part1_Final.pdf"},{"id":287818,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://oceanleadership.org/wp-content/uploads/COL_DOE_GH_Review-part2_Final.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53885700e4b0318b93124ab4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":97008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bahk, Jang-Jun","contributorId":12781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahk","given":"Jang-Jun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frye, Matt","contributorId":60543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frye","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldberg, Dave","contributorId":57376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Dave","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Husebo, Jarle","contributorId":77851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Husebo","given":"Jarle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koh, Carolyn","contributorId":42883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koh","given":"Carolyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Malone, Mitch","contributorId":34437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Mitch","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shipp, Craig","contributorId":40522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shipp","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Torres, Marta","contributorId":86477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"Marta","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70047252,"text":"70047252 - 2013 - Volcanic earthquakes in Alaska's national parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-30T13:22:05","indexId":"70047252","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T11:34:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":691,"text":"Alaska Park Science","printIssn":"1545- 496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic earthquakes in Alaska's national parks","docAbstract":"Alaska’s national parks contain 11 historically active\nvolcanoes (Figure 2), which produce thousands of small\nearthquakes every year. These earthquakes are voices\nof the magmatic and geothermal systems within the\nvolcanoes. The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a\njoint program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Geophysical\nInstitute at the University of Alaska Fairbanks,\nand the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical\nSurveys, monitors volcanic earthquakes year round with\nnetworks of seismometers (Figure 4). Data from these\nnetworks allow AVO to evaluate the state of magmatic\nsystems and provide warning of volcanic unrest, potential\neruptions, and hazards. The key to correctly interpreting\nearthquakes lies in understanding the physical\nprocesses that trigger earthquakes at volcanoes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Alaska Park Science Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Park Science","usgsCitation":"Prejean, S.G., Moran, S.C., Power, J.A., and West, M.J., 2013, Volcanic earthquakes in Alaska's national parks: Alaska Park Science, v. 11, no. 1, p. 41-45.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-034837","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287593,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287592,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/akso/nature/science/ak_park_science/volume_11_issue_1.cfm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -185.0,50.0 ], [ -185.0,65.0 ], [ -140.0,65.0 ], [ -140.0,50.0 ], [ -185.0,50.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385b408e4b09e18fc023ad2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prejean, Stephanie G. sprejean@usgs.gov","contributorId":2602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"Stephanie","email":"sprejean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":481525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"West, Michael J.","contributorId":59726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70103364,"text":"70103364 - 2013 - Tectonic evolution and Cretaceous gold metallogenesis of southwestern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T12:38:33.016222","indexId":"70103364","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T10:55:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3408,"text":"Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic evolution and Cretaceous gold metallogenesis of southwestern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Cretaceous gold metallogenesis in southwestern Alaska comprises three distinct episodes related to the accretionary evolution of northwestern North America. The oldest mineralizing event is characterized by 112 Ma Cu-Au-Bi-Te porphyry-type(?) veining in the zoned Bonanza and adjacent plutons that intruded rocks of the Nyac terrane. Tectonic reconstructions and limited geological and geochemical data suggest that Cu-Au mineralization in the Nyac district may be related to terminal subduction during accretion of the Togiak-Koyukuk arc. The subsequent 100 to 89 Ma metallogenic event is a product of subduction-related magmatism immediately following accretion of the Peninsular-Alexander-Wrangellia superterrane and includes formation of the giant Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit. Pebble underwent a complex history of highly oxidized magmatism that is isotopically linked to enriched lithosphere or metasomatized mantle sources. Pebble and other porphyryrelated plutons were emplaced as a consequence of changes in plate motion and onset of dextral transpression along the continental margin to the southeast of their present-day locations.</p><p>The final 75 to 65 Ma metallogenic event is regionally the most extensive. It followed a ~15-m.y.-long magmatic lull and is related to enigmatic subduction-related magmatism in the western part of the Alaska Range and the Kuskokwim basin. This event resulted in the formation of porphyry, reduced pluton-related, orogenic, and possible epithermal Au deposits. In the better-studied relatively low-relief areas of the Kuskokwim basin, many of the mineralized systems are spatially associated with ilmenite-series monzonite to quartz monzonite composite plutons that have isotopic signatures consistent with derivation from crustally contaminated mantle sources. These pluton-hosted Au deposits comprise low-sulfide stockworks, sheeted veins, and/or breccias in the cupolas of moderately differentiated intrusions that contain high Au; anomalous As, Bi, Sb, and/or Te; and have variable, but not uneconomic, Cu concentrations. In addition, Au, Sb, and/or Hg deposits hosted by competent NE-trending granite porphyry dike-sill complexes or along faults in flysch are widespread in the Kuskokwim basin. These deposits, including the giant Donlin Creek Au deposit, formed at shallow crustal levels and are classified here as epizonal orogenic Au deposits and related Hg and Sb lodes. Mesozonal orogenic Au deposits were formed along the margins of the uplifting Willow Creek pluton that is now exposed along the southern side of the Talkeetna Mountains batholith. Recent discoveries in the rugged Alaska Range comprise less well-studied porphyry Au-Cu (Whistler, Island Mountain), epithermal(?) Au (Terra), and reduced pluton-hosted Au deposits (Estelle).</p><p>The cause of the broad latest Cretaceous magmatism associated with the final metallogenic event is enigmatic, but indicates widespread high heat flow possibly related to flat-slab subduction, lithospheric mantle delamination, or escape tectonics. Plutonism postdated regional folding and coincided with periods of movement along regional faults and formation of the NE-trending structural fabric. Magmatism resulted from initiation of transpressional faulting in more landward positions during oblique subduction of the Kula plate. Crustal contamination of mantle melts, either near their source or during ascent through the thick flysch of the Kuskokwim basin, produced low oxidation state magmas and controlled much of the metallogeny, particularly for those deposits that display similarities to both reduced porphyry Au-Cu deposits and, to a lesser degree, reduced intrusion-related Au systems. High heat flow also induced crustal melting and metamorphic devolatilization to form orogenic Au deposits. A transition to extension at ~60 Ma recorded elsewhere in Alaska temporally corresponds to termination of gold deposit formation in southwestern Alaska. The multiple periods of gold metallogenesis in southwestern Alaska offer a wide variety of targets for exploration within discrete parts of the region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/SP.17.05","usgsCitation":"Graham, G.E., Goldfarb, R.J., Miller, M.L., Gibler, K., and Roberts, M., 2013, Tectonic evolution and Cretaceous gold metallogenesis of southwestern Alaska: Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication, v. 17, p. 169-200, https://doi.org/10.5382/SP.17.05.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"200","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048968","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5368b301e4b059f7e8288392","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graham, Garth E. 0000-0003-0657-0365 ggraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-0365","contributorId":1031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Garth","email":"ggraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldfarb, Richard J. goldfarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"Richard","email":"goldfarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gibler, Kati","contributorId":52488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibler","given":"Kati","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roberts, Mike","contributorId":149136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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