We measured an array of biophysical and spectral variables to evaluate the response and recovery of Spartina alterniflora to a sudden dieback event in spring and summer 2004 within a low marsh in coastal Virginia, USA. S. alterniflora is a foundation species, whose loss decreases ecosystem services and potentiates ecosystem state change. Long-term records of the potential environmental drivers of dieback such as precipitation and tidal inundation did not evidence any particular anomalies, although Hurricane Isabel in fall 2003 may have been related to dieback. Transects were established across the interface between the dieback area and apparently healthy areas of marsh. Plant condition was classified based on ground cover within transects as dieback, intermediate and healthy. Numerous characteristics of S. alterniflora culms within each condition class were assessed including biomass, morphology and spectral attributes associated with photosynthetic pigments. Plants demonstrated evidence of stress in 2004 and 2005 beyond areas of obvious dieback and resilience at a multi-year scale. Resilience of the plants was evident in recovery of ground cover and biomass largely within 3 y, although a small remnant of dieback persisted for 8 y. Culms surviving within the dieback and areas of intermediate impact had modified morphological traits and spectral response that reflected stress. These morphometric and spectral differences among plant cover condition classes serve as guidelines for monitoring of dieback initiation, effects and subsequent recovery. Although a number of environmental and biotic parameters were assessed relative to causation, the reason for this particular dieback remains largely unknown, however.
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III 0000-0002-4518-5796 ramseye@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":2883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah","suffix":"III","email":"ramseye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rangoonwala, Amina 0000-0002-0556-0598 rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":3455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"Amina","email":"rangoonwalaa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70175641,"text":"70175641 - 2016 - Elucidation of taste- and odor-producing bacteria and toxigenic cyanobacteria in a Midwestern drinking water supply reservoir by shotgun metagenomics analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-18T09:29:57","indexId":"70175641","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-24T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elucidation of taste- and odor-producing bacteria and toxigenic cyanobacteria in a Midwestern drinking water supply reservoir by shotgun metagenomics analysis","docAbstract":"While commonplace in clinical settings, DNA-based assays for identification or enumeration of drinking water pathogens and other biological contaminants remain widely unadopted by the monitoring community. In this study, shotgun metagenomics was used to identify taste-and-odor producers and toxin-producing cyanobacteria over a 2-year period in a drinking water reservoir. The sequencing data implicated several cyanobacteria, including Anabaena spp.,Microcystis spp., and an unresolved member of the order Oscillatoriales as the likely principal producers of geosmin, microcystin, and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), respectively. To further demonstrate this, quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays targeting geosmin-producing Anabaena and microcystin-producing Microcystis were utilized, and these data were fitted using generalized linear models and compared with routine monitoring data, including microscopic cell counts, sonde-based physicochemical analyses, and assays of all inorganic and organic nitrogen and phosphorus forms and fractions. The qPCR assays explained the greatest variation in observed geosmin (adjusted R2 = 0.71) and microcystin (adjusted R2 = 0.84) concentrations over the study period, highlighting their potential for routine monitoring applications. The origin of the monoterpene cyclase required for MIB biosynthesis was putatively linked to a periphytic cyanobacterial mat attached to the concrete drinking water inflow structure. We conclude that shotgun metagenomics can be used to identify microbial agents involved in water quality deterioration and to guide PCR assay selection or design for routine monitoring purposes. Finally, we offer estimates of microbial diversity and metagenomic coverage of our data sets for reference to others wishing to apply shotgun metagenomics to other lacustrine systems.
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2016 - Relation between Enterococcus concentrations and turbidity in fresh and saline recreational waters, coastal Horry County, South Carolina, 2003–04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T17:14:53","indexId":"ofr20161015","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-24T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1015","title":"Relation between Enterococcus concentrations and turbidity in fresh and saline recreational waters, coastal Horry County, South Carolina, 2003–04","docAbstract":"Bacteria related to the intestinal tract of humans and other warm-blooded animals have been detected in fresh and saline surface waters used for recreational purposes in coastal areas of Horry County, South Carolina, since the early 2000s. Specifically, concentrations of the facultative anaerobic organism, Enterococcus, have been observed to exceed the single-sample regulatory limit of 104 colony forming units per 100 milliliters of water. Water bodies characterized by these concentrations are identified on the 303(d) list for impaired water in South Carolina; moreover, because current analytical methods used to monitor Enterococcus concentrations take up to 1 day for results to become available, water-quality advisories are not reflective of the actual health risk.
\nTo determine if Enterococcus concentrations in surface water could be assessed in a more rapid manner, an investigation was completed between 2003 and 2004 in the study area of coastal Horry County, South Carolina. The study was designed to assess the relation between Enterococcus concentrations and turbidity, which, unlike Enterococcus concentrations, can be measured continuously by using a multiparameter water-quality sensor and results reported in real time. In 2003, three water-quality data collection stations that included a multiparameter water-quality sensor that measured turbidity were located in three representative surface-water basins in coastal Horry County, South Carolina. All these locations had previous reports of high Enterococcus concentrations. At each station, the water-quality sensor was placed in the water column and continuously measured turbidity, pH, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature. Each water-quality data collection station also monitored instantaneous precipitation and wind speed and direction. Surface-water samples were collected at each station during events characterized by no precipitation and by some recorded precipitation using manual and automatic methods, and analyzed for Enterococcus concentrations. A comparison of Enterococcus concentrations in surface-water samples collected simultaneously using both methods indicated a positive relation, although the average percent relative difference between the methods was 46 percent.
\nDuring a period of no precipitation in February 2004, no relation between turbidity and Enterococcus concentrations was observed for surface-water samples collected at the water-quality data collection station located in the channel that drains a freshwater swamp. In contrast, during periods of precipitation in March and August 2004 at this location, a positive relation was observed between turbidity and Enterococcus concentrations in surface-water samples; that is, water samples characterized by higher turbidity also contained higher Enterococcus concentrations. At the water-quality data collection station located in a channel that drains to the surf zone of the Atlantic Ocean, no relation was observed between turbidity and Enterococcus concentrations during periods of either no precipitation (July 2004) or precipitation (August 2004). At this location, the turbidity was inversely related to relative tide height, high turbidity was observed during low tide when freshwater flowed seaward, and low turbidity was observed during high tide when saline seawater flowed landward.
\nThe positive relation observed between turbidity and Enterococcus concentrations in surface water at the water-quality data collection station located in the channel that drains a freshwater swamp may be attributed to bacterial survival in the abundant channel bed sediments that characterized this more naturalized area. Surface-water bed sediments collected near each water-quality data collection station and the surf zone were incubated in static microcosms in the laboratory and analyzed for Enterococcus concentrations over time. Enterococcus concentrations continued to persist in bed sediments collected in the channel that drains the swamp even after almost 4 months of incubation. Conversely, enterococci were not observed to persist in bed sediments characterized by high specific conductance. Although it is currently (2016) unknown whether this persistence of enterococci demonstrates growth or viability, the data indicate that enterococci can exist in channel bed-sediment environments outside of a host for a long time. This observation confirms previous reports that challenge the use of Enterococcus concentrations as an indicator of the recent introduction of fecal-related material and the associated acute risk to other pathogens.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161015","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Horry County Stormwater Management ","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J.E., and Garigen, T.J., 2016, Relation between Enterococcus concentrations and turbidity in fresh and saline recreational waters, coastal Horry County, South Carolina, 2003–04: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1015, 21 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161015.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 21 p., Appendixes: Tables 1-1, 1-2, 1-3","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-064657","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1015/ofr20161015.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.3 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South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1770 Corporate Drive, Suite 500
Norcross, GA 30093
(678) 924–6700
https://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
Following earthquakes, faults are often observed to continue slipping aseismically. It has been proposed that this afterslip occurs on parts of the fault with rate-strengthening friction that are stressed by the mainshock, but our understanding has been limited by a lack of immediate, high-resolution observations. Here we show that the behavior of afterslip following the 2014 South Napa earthquake varied over distances of only a few kilometers. This variability cannot be explained by coseismic stress changes alone. We present daily positions from continuous and survey GPS sites that we re-measured within 12 hours of the mainshock, and surface displacements from the new Sentinel-1 radar mission. This unique geodetic data set constrains the distribution and evolution of coseismic and postseismic fault slip with exceptional resolution in space and time. We suggest that the observed heterogeneity in behavior is caused by lithological controls on the frictional properties of the fault plane.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016GL069428","usgsCitation":"Floyd, M., Walters, R., Elliot, J., Funning, G.J., Svarc, J.L., Murray, J.R., Andy Hooper, Larsen, Y., Marinkovic, P., Bürgmann, R., Johanson, I.A., and Tim Wright, 2016, Spatial variations in fault friction related to lithology from rupture and afterslip of the 2014 South Napa, California, earthquake: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 13, p. 6808-6816, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069428.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"6808","endPage":"6816","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-075670","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl069428","text":"Publisher Index 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0000-0002-8247-0545","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8247-0545","contributorId":172418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Funning","given":"Gareth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6984,"text":"UC Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Svarc, Jerry L. 0000-0002-2802-4528 jsvarc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2802-4528","contributorId":2413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"Jerry","email":"jsvarc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murray, Jessica R. 0000-0002-6144-1681 jrmurray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6144-1681","contributorId":2759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Jessica","email":"jrmurray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Andy Hooper","contributorId":172419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andy Hooper","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Larsen, Yngvar","contributorId":172420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsen","given":"Yngvar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27035,"text":"Norut Informasjonteknologi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Marinkovic, Petar","contributorId":172421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marinkovic","given":"Petar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27036,"text":"PPO.labs, Den Haag, Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bürgmann, Roland","contributorId":172422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bürgmann","given":"Roland","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Johanson, Ingrid A. 0000-0002-6049-2225 ijohanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6049-2225","contributorId":156240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johanson","given":"Ingrid","email":"ijohanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tim Wright","contributorId":172423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tim Wright","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70174050,"text":"fs20163042 - 2016 - Assessing wildlife benefits and carbon storage from restored and natural coastal marshes in the Nisqually River Delta: Determining marsh net ecosystem carbon balance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-07T14:50:33","indexId":"fs20163042","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3042","title":"Assessing wildlife benefits and carbon storage from restored and natural coastal marshes in the Nisqually River Delta: Determining marsh net ecosystem carbon balance","docAbstract":"Working in partnership since 1996, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Nisqually Indian Tribe have restored 902 acres of tidally influenced coastal marsh in the Nisqually River Delta (NRD), making it the largest estuary-restoration project in the Pacific Northwest to date. Marsh restoration increases the capacity of the estuary to support a diversity of wildlife species. Restoration also increases carbon (C) production of marsh plant communities that support food webs for wildlife and can help mitigate climate change through long-term C storage in marsh soils.
In 2015, an interdisciplinary team of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) researchers began to study the benefits of carbon for wetland wildlife and storage in the NRD. Our primary goals are (1) to identify the relative importance of the different carbon sources that support juvenile chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) food webs and contribute to current and historic peat formation, (2) to determine the net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) in a reference marsh and a restoration marsh site, and (3) to model the sustainability of the reference and restoration marshes under projected sea-level rise conditions along with historical vegetation change. In this fact sheet, we focus on the main C sources and exchanges to determine NECB, including carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake through plant photosynthesis, the loss of CO2 through plant and soil respiration, emissions of methane (CH4), and the lateral movement or leaching loss of C in tidal waters.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163042","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S.G.S. Land Carbon Program and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Anderson, Frank, 2016, Assessing wildlife benefits and carbon from restored and natural coastal marshes in the Nisqually River delta: Determining marsh net ecosystem carbon balance: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016-3042, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163042.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065411","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324375,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3042/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":324376,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3042/fs20163042.pdf","text":"Report","size":"898 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3042"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Nisqually River Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.73977279663085,\n 47.066497210333836\n ],\n [\n -122.73977279663085,\n 47.1214245689578\n ],\n [\n -122.66733169555663,\n 47.1214245689578\n ],\n [\n -122.66733169555663,\n 47.066497210333836\n ],\n [\n -122.73977279663085,\n 47.066497210333836\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, California 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
The U.S. Geological Survey is collecting geologic samples from local stream channels, aquifer materials, and rock outcrops for studies of trace elements in the Mojave Desert, southern California. These samples are collected because geologic materials can release a variety of elements to the environment when exposed to water. The samples are to be analyzed with a handheld X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer to determine the concentrations of up to 27 elements, including chromium.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163043","usgsCitation":"Groover, K.D., and Izbicki, J.A., 2016, Geochemical analysis using a handheld X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometer. U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3043, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163043.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068919","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324370,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3043/fs20163043.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3043"},{"id":324369,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3043/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov/mojave/
http://ca.water.usgs.gov/projects/hinkley/
This report describes the analytical methods and results of a pilot study to enhance the Ohio StreamStats application by adding the ability to obtain water-use information for selected areas in the northeast quadrant of Ohio. Water-use estimates are determined in StreamStats through a simple multistep process.
\nWater-use data used to develop the Ohio StreamStats water-use application were obtained from the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) and 2010 countywide estimates of self-supplied domestic water use (hereafter referred to as “domestic water use”) compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). With the exception of domestic water uses, monthly time series of reported water uses for 2005–2012 are used to calculate average monthly and average annual withdrawals. Domestic water use is estimated from the USGS 2010 countywide estimates, assuming that water use is distributed uniformly in space and time. Consumptive-use coefficients are used to estimate net withdrawals and facilitate computation of return flows.
\nTemporary water-use registrations for hydraulic fracturing are tabulated separately from the other water uses. Water-use indices are computed by dividing average annual net withdrawals (with and without temporary registrations) by the mean October streamflow estimated with StreamStats. The water-use indices are intended to provide metrics of potential consumptive water use.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Water Development Authority and the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G.F., Nardi, M.R., and Shaffer, K.H., 2016, Estimation of upstream water use with Ohio’s StreamStats application: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5077, 13 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165077.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072219","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324337,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5077/sir20165077.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5077"},{"id":324336,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5077/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Ohio Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6480 Doubletree Ave
Columbus, OH 43229–1111
http://oh.water.usgs.gov/
The results from the recent U.S. Geological Survey assessment of in-place oil shale resources of the Eocene Green River Formation, based primarily on the Fischer assay method, are applied herein to define areas where the oil shale interval is depleted of some of its petroleum-generating potential along the deep structural trough of the basin and to make: (1) a general estimates of the amount of this depletion, and (2) estimate the total volume of petroleum generated. Oil yields (gallons of oil per ton of rock, GPT) and in-place oil (barrels of oil per acre, BPA) decrease toward the structural trough of the basin, which represents an offshore lacustrine area that is believed to have originally contained greater petroleum-generating potential than is currently indicated by measured Fischer assay oil yields. Although this interval is considered to be largely immature for oil generation based on vitrinite reflectance measurements, the oil shale interval is a likely source for the gilsonite deposits and much of the tar sands in the basin. Early expulsion of petroleum may have occurred due to the very high organic carbon content and oil-prone nature of the Type I kerogen present in Green River oil shale. In order to examine the possible sources and migration pathways for the tar sands and gilsonite deposits, we have created paleogeographic reconstructions of several oil shale zones in the basin as part of this study.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrocarbon source rocks in unconventional plays","language":"English","publisher":"Rocky Mountain Association of Geologist","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., Birdwell, J.E., and Mercier, T.J., 2016, Generation and migration of Bitumen and oil from the oil shale interval of the Eocene Green River formation, Uinta Basin, Utah, chap. of Hydrocarbon source rocks in unconventional plays, p. 379-420.","productDescription":"42 p. ","startPage":"379","endPage":"420","ipdsId":"IP-074451","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336333,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a40e4b01ccd54ff3f90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mercier, Tracey J. 0000-0002-8232-525X tmercier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-525X","contributorId":2847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercier","given":"Tracey","email":"tmercier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70176233,"text":"70176233 - 2016 - Microbial antimony biogeochemistry: Enzymes, regulation, and related metabolic pathways","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-04T17:37:16","indexId":"70176233","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microbial antimony biogeochemistry: Enzymes, regulation, and related metabolic pathways","docAbstract":"Antimony (Sb) is a toxic metalloid that occurs widely at trace concentrations in soil, aquatic systems, and the atmosphere. Nowadays, with the development of its new industrial applications and the corresponding expansion of antimony mining activities, the phenomenon of antimony pollution has become an increasingly serious concern. In recent years, research interest in Sb has been growing and reflects a fundamental scientific concern regarding Sb in the environment. In this review, we summarize the recent research on bacterial antimony transformations, especially those regarding antimony uptake, efflux, antimonite oxidation, and antimonate reduction. We conclude that our current understanding of antimony biochemistry and biogeochemistry is roughly equivalent to where that of arsenic was some 20 years ago. This portends the possibility of future discoveries with regard to the ability of microorganisms to conserve energy for their growth from antimony redox reactions and the isolation of new species of “antimonotrophs.”
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.01375-16","usgsCitation":"Li, J., Wang, Q., Oremland, R.S., Kulp, T.R., Rensing, C., and Wang, G., 2016, Microbial antimony biogeochemistry: Enzymes, regulation, and related metabolic pathways: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 82, no. 18, p. 5482-5495, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01375-16.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"5482","endPage":"5495","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-074954","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01375-16","text":"External Repository"},{"id":328237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57cd45ace4b0f2f0cec4cb53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Jingxin","contributorId":174315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Jingxin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27411,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Qian","contributorId":174318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Qian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27413,"text":"1 State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kulp, Thomas R.","contributorId":15948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulp","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rensing, Christopher","contributorId":174316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rensing","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27412,"text":"Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Gejiao","contributorId":174317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Gejiao","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27411,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70178747,"text":"70178747 - 2016 - Changes in habitat use and distribution of mouflon in the Kahuku Unit of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:58:54","indexId":"70178747","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2984,"text":"Pacific Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in habitat use and distribution of mouflon in the Kahuku Unit of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park","docAbstract":"European mouflon sheep (Ovis gmelini musimon) were introduced to Kahuku Ranch on Hawai‘i Island in 1968 and 1974 for trophy hunting and have been detrimental to the native ecosystem by trampling, bark stripping, and browsing vegetation. In 2003, Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park acquired Kahuku Ranch and managers began removing mouflon. The objective of this project was to determine whether hunting has changed the distribution of mouflon in Kahuku, to better understand mouflon behaviour and to expedite eradication efforts. Locations from hunting and GPS telemetry data during 2007–14 were used to determine the effect of hunting on mouflon distribution by examining distance to roads and habitat use. Mouflon seemed to avoid roads after hunting pressure increased and their distribution within vegetation types changed over time. Mouflon without hunting pressure were detected in native shrub habitat in 68% of all observations. Hunted mouflon were encountered less in native shrub habitat and more in other habitats including open forest, closed forest, and areas with no vegetation. These changes suggest that hunting has influenced the distribution of mouflon over time away from native shrub and into other vegetation types where they may be more difficult to control.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/PC15039","usgsCitation":"Palupe, B., Leopold, C.R., Hess, S.C., Faford, J., Pacheco, D., and Judge, S.W., 2016, Changes in habitat use and distribution of mouflon in the Kahuku Unit of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park: Pacific Conservation Biology, v. 22, no. 4, p. 308-311, https://doi.org/10.1071/PC15039.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"308","endPage":"311","ipdsId":"IP-075091","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331660,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai‘i","otherGeospatial":"Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.52108764648438,\n 19.129599439736836\n ],\n [\n -155.52108764648438,\n 19.476950206488414\n ],\n [\n -154.97726440429688,\n 19.476950206488414\n ],\n [\n -154.97726440429688,\n 19.129599439736836\n ],\n [\n -155.52108764648438,\n 19.129599439736836\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58492df3e4b06d80b7b093a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palupe, Bronson","contributorId":177210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palupe","given":"Bronson","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leopold, Christina R.","contributorId":46817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hess, Steven C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":3156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steven","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":655076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Faford, Jonathan K.","contributorId":177221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faford","given":"Jonathan K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pacheco, Dexter","contributorId":156310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pacheco","given":"Dexter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20307,"text":"US National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":655078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Judge, Seth W.","contributorId":8718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Judge","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70174035,"text":"70174035 - 2016 - Nutrient delivery to Lake Winnipeg from the Red-Assiniboine River Basin – A binational application of the SPARROW model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T10:08:23","indexId":"70174035","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-23T17:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1180,"text":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient delivery to Lake Winnipeg from the Red-Assiniboine River Basin – A binational application of the SPARROW model","docAbstract":"Excessive phosphorus (TP) and nitrogen (TN) inputs from the Red–Assiniboine River Basin (RARB) have been linked to eutrophication of Lake Winnipeg; therefore, it is important for the management of water resources to understand where and from what sources these nutrients originate. The RARB straddles the Canada–United States border and includes portions of two provinces and three states. This study represents the first binationally focused application of SPAtially Referenced Regressions on Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models to estimate loads and sources of TP and TN by jurisdiction and basin at multiple spatial scales. Major hurdles overcome to develop these models included: (1) harmonization of geospatial data sets, particularly construction of a contiguous stream network; and (2) use of novel calibration steps to accommodate limitations in spatial variability across the model extent and in the number of calibration sites. Using nutrient inputs for a 2002 base year, a RARB TP SPARROW model was calibrated that included inputs from agriculture, forests and wetlands, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and stream channels, and a TN model was calibrated that included inputs from agriculture, WWTPs and atmospheric deposition. 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Wild waterfowl (family Anatidae), are reported as secondary transmitters of HPAIV, and primary reservoirs for low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses, yet spatial inputs for disease risk modeling for this group have been lacking. Using GIS and Monte Carlo simulations, we developed geospatial indices of waterfowl abundance at 1 and 30 km resolutions and for the breeding and wintering seasons for China, the epicenter of H5N1. Two spatial layers were developed: cumulative waterfowl abundance (WAB), a measure of predicted abundance across species, and cumulative abundance weighted by H5N1 prevalence (WPR), whereby abundance for each species was adjusted based on prevalence values then totaled across species. Spatial patterns of the model output differed between seasons, with higher WAB and WPR in the northern and western regions of China for the breeding season and in the southeast for the wintering season. Uncertainty measures indicated highest error in southeastern China for both WAB and WPR. We also explored the effect of resampling waterfowl layers from 1 km to 30 km resolution for multi-scale risk modeling. Results indicated low average difference (less than 0.16 and 0.01 standard deviations for WAB and WPR, respectively), with greatest differences in the north for the breeding season and southeast for the wintering season. This work provides the first geospatial models of waterfowl abundance available for China. The indices provide important inputs for modeling disease transmission risk at the interface of poultry and wild birds. These models are easily adaptable, have broad utility to both disease and conservation needs, and will be available to the scientific community for advanced modeling applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.1637/11125-050615-Reg","usgsCitation":"Prosser, D.J., Hungerford, L.L., Erwin, R.M., Ottinger, M.A., Takekawa, J.Y., Newman, S.H., Xiao, X., and Ellis, E.C., 2016, Spatial modeling of wild bird risk factors to investigate highly pathogenic A(H5N1) avian influenza virus transmission: Avian Diseases, v. 60, no. 1s, p. 329-336, https://doi.org/10.1637/11125-050615-Reg.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"336","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071327","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9B6ZDUR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Spatial Models of Wild Bird Risk Factors for Highly Pathogenic A(H5N1) Avian Influenza Virus Transmission"},{"id":324325,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"1s","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576cfa1de4b07657d1a33c66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prosser, Diann J. 0000-0002-5251-1799 dprosser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":2389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","email":"dprosser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hungerford, Laura L.","contributorId":14291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hungerford","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erwin, R. 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We discuss the current status of OEF in the United States and elsewhere, the types of products that could be generated, the various potential users and uses of OEF, and the need for carefully crafted communication protocols. Although operationalization challenges remain, there was clear consensus among the stakeholders at the workshop that OEF could be useful.
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T.S.","contributorId":26946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pulliam, Juliet R.C.","contributorId":87047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pulliam","given":"Juliet R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, Jonathan C.","contributorId":172590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":25286,"text":"Massey University, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894 cryanp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":2356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul","email":"cryanp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Webb, Colleen T.","contributorId":52471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174020,"text":"70174020 - 2016 - Waterbird nest-site selection is influenced by neighboring nests and island topography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-13T17:45:48","indexId":"70174020","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-23T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waterbird nest-site selection is influenced by neighboring nests and island topography","docAbstract":"Avian nest-site selection is influenced by factors operating across multiple spatial scales. Identifying preferred physical characteristics (e.g., topography, vegetation structure) can inform managers to improve nesting habitat suitability. However, social factors (e.g., attraction, territoriality, competition) can complicate understanding physical characteristics preferred by nesting birds. We simultaneously evaluated the physical characteristics and social factors influencing selection of island nest sites by colonial-nesting American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) at 2 spatial scales in San Francisco Bay, 2011–2012. At the larger island plot (1 m2) scale, we used real-time kinematics to produce detailed topographies of nesting islands and map the distribution of nests. Nesting probability was greatest in island plots between 0.5 m and 1.5 m above the water surface, at distances <10 m from the water's edge, and of moderately steep (avocets) or flat (terns) slopes. Further, avocet and tern nesting probability increased as the number of nests initiated in adjacent plots increased up to a peak of 11–12 tern nests, and then decreased thereafter. Yet, avocets were less likely to nest in plots adjacent to plots with nesting avocets, suggesting an influence of intra-specific territoriality. At the smaller microhabitat scale, or the area immediately surrounding the nest, we compared topography, vegetation, and distance to nearest nest between nest sites and paired random sites. Topography had little influence on selection of the nest microhabitat. Instead, nest sites were more likely to have vegetation present, and greater cover, than random sites. Finally, avocet, and to a lesser extent tern, nest sites were closer to other active conspecific or heterospecific nests than random sites, indicating that social attraction played a role in selection of nest microhabitat. Our results demonstrate key differences in nest-site selection between co-occurring avocets and terns, and indicate the effects of physical characteristics and social factors on selection of nesting habitat are dependent on the spatial scale examined. Moreover, these results indicate that islands with abundant area between 0.5 m and 1.5 m above the water surface, within 10 m of the water's edge, and containing a mosaic of slopes ranging from flat to moderately steep would provide preferred nesting habitat for avocets and terns. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21105","usgsCitation":"Hartman, C.A., Ackerman, J., Takekawa, J.Y., and Herzog, M.P., 2016, Waterbird nest-site selection is influenced by neighboring nests and island topography: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 7, p. 1267-1279, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21105.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1267","endPage":"1279","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062454","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324283,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.11235046386717,\n 37.56362983491151\n ],\n [\n -122.06153869628906,\n 37.57070524233116\n ],\n [\n -122.01828002929686,\n 37.50155517264162\n ],\n [\n -121.95991516113283,\n 37.51027052249435\n ],\n [\n -121.91734313964844,\n 37.45687303762862\n ],\n [\n -121.99493408203125,\n 37.41816326969145\n ],\n [\n -122.10617065429688,\n 37.43179575348695\n ],\n [\n -122.11235046386717,\n 37.56362983491151\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576cfa1ee4b07657d1a33c6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170435,"text":"ds993 - 2016 - Evaluating the potential effects of hurricanes on long-term sediment accumulation in two micro-tidal sub-estuaries: Barnegat Bay and Little Egg Harbor, New Jersey, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T16:49:14.127904","indexId":"ds993","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-23T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"993","title":"Evaluating the potential effects of hurricanes on long-term sediment accumulation in two micro-tidal sub-estuaries: Barnegat Bay and Little Egg Harbor, New Jersey, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Barnegat Bay, located along the eastern shore of New Jersey, was significantly impacted by Hurricane Sandy in October 2012. Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed a multidisciplinary study of sediment transport and hydrodynamics to understand the mechanisms that govern estuarine and wetland responses to storm forcing. This report details the physical and chemical characteristics of surficial and downcore sediments from two areas within the bay. Eleven sites were sampled in both the central portion of the bay near Barnegat Inlet and in the southern portion of the bay in Little Egg Harbor. Laboratory analyses include Be-7, Pb-210, bulk density, porosity, x-radiographs, and grain-size distribution. These data will serve as a critical baseline dataset for understanding the current sedimentological regime and can be applied to future storms for understanding estuarine and wetland evolution.
\nThis report serves as an archive for sedimentological and radiochemical data derived from the surface sediments and box cores. Downloadable data are available as Excel spreadsheets, PDF files, and JPEG files, and include sediment core data plots and x-radiographs, as well as physical-properties, grain-size, alpha-spectroscopy, and gamma-spectroscopy data. Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata are available for analytical datasets in the data downloads page of this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds993","usgsCitation":"Marot, M.E., Smith, C.G., Ellis, A.M., and Wheaton, C.J., 2016, Evaluating the potential effects of hurricanes on long-term sediment accumulation in two micro-tidal sub-estuaries—Barnegat Bay and Little Egg Harbor, New Jersey, U.S.A.: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 993, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds993.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-069912","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322039,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0993","text":"Report HTML"},{"id":324282,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Barnegat Bay, Little Egg Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.08767700195312,\n 39.832795514765444\n ],\n [\n -74.16183471679688,\n 39.8480851287529\n ],\n [\n -74.35890197753906,\n 39.562823814514026\n ],\n [\n -74.27375793457031,\n 39.51516565173217\n ],\n [\n -74.19960021972656,\n 39.600397716215824\n ],\n [\n -74.13642883300781,\n 39.68922382844214\n ],\n [\n -74.08973693847656,\n 39.76210275375137\n ],\n [\n -74.08767700195312,\n 39.832795514765444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
(727) 502-8000
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/
The Texas Department of State Health Services issued fish consumption advisories in 2003 and 2010 for Leon Creek in San Antonio, Texas, based on elevated concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in fish tissues. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) measured elevated PCB concentrations in stream-sediment samples collected during 2007–9 from Leon Creek at Lackland Air Force Base (now known as Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland; the sampling site at this base is hereinafter referred to as the “Joint Base site”) and sites on Leon Creek downstream from the base. This report describes the occurrence and concentrations of selected trace elements and halogenated organic compounds (pesticides, flame retardants, and PCBs) and potential sources of PCBs in stream-sediment samples collected from four sites on Leon Creek during 2012–14. In downstream order, sediment samples were collected from Leon Creek at northwest Interstate Highway 410 (Loop 410), Rodriguez Park, Morey Road, and Joint Base. The USGS periodically collected streambed-sediment samples during low flow and suspended-sediment samples during high flow.
\nTrace element concentrations were low compared to the consensus-based sediment-quality guidelines (SQGs) for the threshold effect concentration (TEC) and probable effect concentration (PEC). Adverse effects to benthic biota are not expected at concentrations less than the TEC and are expected at concentrations greater than the PEC. No trace element concentrations were greater than the PEC in any of the samples. Trace element concentrations were greatest at the Morey Road and Joint Base sites and exceeded the TECs by 41 and 27 percent, respectively. Trace element concentrations were lowest at the Rodriguez Park and Loop 410 sites and exceeded the TECs by 18 and 14 percent, respectively.
\nPesticides that have been banned for several decades are commonly detected in Leon Creek stream sediments, particularly the chlordane compounds. Chlordane compounds were detected in 84 percent of the samples and at every sample collection site. The samples collected from the Rodriguez Park site had the most pesticide compounds detected. Only samples collected from the Joint Base site had dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), or dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) concentrations greater than the TEC, and a few were also greater than the PEC.
\nFlame retardants were found at every site on Leon Creek where stream sediments were collected; however, a few compounds were frequently detected in the laboratory reagent blanks so their detections in the environmental samples may not be from local sources. Consensus-based SQGs were not available for flame retardants so samples were compared to Environment Canada Federal Environmental Quality Guidelines (FEQGs). The concentrations of flame retardants generally were greater in the suspended-sediment samples than the streambed-sediment samples and greater than the FEQGs in many cases.
\nEighteen PCB congeners were quantified in the sediment samples collected from Leon Creek. The samples collected from the Joint Base site had the most frequent PCB congener detections. Total PCB concentrations, computed as the sum of the 18 congeners by using the Kaplan-Meier method for left-censored environmental data, were much smaller than the TEC of 59.8 micrograms per kilogram (μg/kg). When detected, the concentrations of total PCBs in the stream-sediment samples collected from Leon Creek during 2012–14 ranged from an estimated 0.2 to 8.7 μg/kg.
\nSediment samples collected from Leon Creek by the USGS during 2007–9 and 2012–14 at a total of eight sites following identical field and laboratory methods were evaluated to determine if potential PCB sources could be identified. Total PCB concentrations in the sediment samples collected upstream from the Joint Base site were low or nondetections; while concentrations in the samples collected on and downstream from the Joint Base site were greater. Congeners 180 and 138 constituted the greatest proportion of the PCB mixture in samples collected upstream from, on, and downstream from the Joint Base site. Upstream from the Joint Base site, congeners 180 and 138 constituted 50 percent and 35 percent respectively of the PCBs congeners found in the samples. On and downstream from the Joint Base site, congeners 180 and 138 constituted 80 percent and 13 percent respectively of the PCBs congeners found in the samples. Chi-square (C2) tests also indicate that samples collected from the Loop 410 site were statistically different from samples collected from the Joint Base site and sites downstream. The PCB congener pattern in the Leon Creek samples is most like the congener mixture in Aroclor 1260, which is chemically similar to the PCBs detected in the fish samples that resulted in the 2003 fish consumption advisory.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio River Authority","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.T., 2016, Occurrence and concentrations of selected trace elements and halogenated organic compounds in stream sediments and potential sources of polychlorinated biphenyls, Leon Creek, San Antonio, Texas, 2012–14: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5039, 99 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165039.","productDescription":"viii, 99 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"99","numberOfPages":"111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069499","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324297,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5039/sir20165039.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.90 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016–5039"},{"id":324296,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5039/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","otherGeospatial":"Leon Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.60401153564452,\n 29.2324852813013\n ],\n [\n -98.60401153564452,\n 29.354349397730857\n ],\n [\n -98.5089111328125,\n 29.354349397730857\n ],\n [\n -98.5089111328125,\n 29.2324852813013\n ],\n [\n -98.60401153564452,\n 29.2324852813013\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754-4501
Dr. Klaver reviewed Large Carnivore Conservation as part of a graduate seminar and seminar participants represented the full range of readers who might be interested in the book: natural resource managers, citizen advocates, researchers, and students. Although we encountered a variety of opinions based on our different backgrounds and orientations, we discovered a surprising amount of consensus both about what the book does well and where it falls short of our expectations.
\nReview info: Large carnivore conservation: Integrating science and policy in the North American West. By Clark, S. G, and M. B. Rutherford (eds.). ISBN: 978-0-226-10740-0, xiii + 407 pp.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyw019","usgsCitation":"Albertsen, A.J., Cox, M.M., Ernst, E.E., Haley, H.J., Klaver, R.W., Loney, D.A., Mackert, M.M., McCombs, A.L., Piatscheck, F., Pocius, V.M., and Stein, D.S., 2016, Book review: Large carnivore conservation: Integrating science and policy in the North American West: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 20, no. 10, p. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw019.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071761","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw019","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324574,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fade4b07657d1a90ca8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albertsen, A. 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J.","contributorId":172530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haley","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Loney, D. 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In addition, instead of having fit-for-purpose water supplies (using different qualities of water for different applications), highly treated drinking water is used for nearly all of Australia’s urban water supply needs, including landscape irrigation. The water requirement of urban landscapes, and particularly urban parklands, is of growing concern. The estimation of ET and subsequently plant water requirements in urban vegetation needs to consider the heterogeneity of plants, soils, water and climate characteristics. Accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ET), which is the main component of a plant’s water requirement, in urban parks is highly desirable because this water maintains the health of green infrastructure and this in turn provides essential ecosystem services. This research contributes to a broader effort to establish sustainable irrigation practices within the Adelaide Parklands in Adelaide, South Australia.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI AG","doi":"10.3390/rs8060492","usgsCitation":"Nouri, H., Glenn, E.P., Beecham, S., Chavoshi Boroujeni, S., Sutton, P., Alaghmand, S., Nagler, P.L., and Noori, B., 2016, Comparing three approaches of evapotranspiration estimation in mixed urban vegetation; field-based, remote sensing-based and observational-based methods: Remote Sensing, v. 8, no. 6, Article 492; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8060492.","productDescription":"Article 492; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072315","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8060492","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576ba89de4b07657d1a1765e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nouri, Hamideh 0000-0002-7424-5030","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7424-5030","contributorId":16327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nouri","given":"Hamideh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":19289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beecham, Simon","contributorId":95397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beecham","given":"Simon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chavoshi Boroujeni, Sattar","contributorId":172386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chavoshi Boroujeni","given":"Sattar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27030,"text":"School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sutton, Paul","contributorId":172387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutton","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27030,"text":"School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alaghmand, Sina","contributorId":172388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alaghmand","given":"Sina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27031,"text":"School of Natural and Built Environments, U. So. Aus and Discipline of Civil Engineering, School Of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Noori, Behnaz","contributorId":172392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noori","given":"Behnaz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70174016,"text":"70174016 - 2016 - Do the rich get richer? Varying effects of tree species identity and diversity on the richness of understory taxa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-06T13:56:47","indexId":"70174016","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-22T17:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do the rich get richer? Varying effects of tree species identity and diversity on the richness of understory taxa","docAbstract":"Understory herbs and soil invertebrates play key roles in soil formation and nutrient cycling in forests. Studies suggest that diversity in the canopy and in the understory are positively associated, but these studies often confound the effects of tree species diversity with those of tree species identity and abiotic conditions. We combined extensive field sampling with structural equation modeling to evaluate the simultaneous effects of tree diversity on the species diversity of understory herbs, beetles, and earthworms. The diversity of earthworms and saproxylic beetles was directly and positively associated with tree diversity, presumably because species of both these taxa specialize on certain species of trees. Tree identity also strongly affected diversity in the understory, especially for herbs, likely as a result of interspecific differences in canopy light transmittance or litter decomposition rates. Our results suggest that changes in forest management will disproportionately affect certain understory taxa. For instance, changes in canopy diversity will affect the diversity of earthworms and saproxylic beetles more than changes in tree species composition, whereas the converse would be expected for understory herbs and detritivorous beetles. We conclude that the effects of tree diversity on understory taxa can vary from positive to negative and may affect biogeochemical cycling in temperate forests. Thus, maintaining high diversity in temperate forests can promote the diversity of multiple taxa in the understory.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.1479","usgsCitation":"Champagne, J., Paine, C.E., Schoolmaster, D., Stejskal, R., Volarik, D., Šebesta, J., Trnka, F., Koutecky, T., Svarc, P., Svatek, M., Hector, A., and Matula, R., 2016, Do the rich get richer? 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2016 - Disease epidemics: Lessons for resilience in an increasingly connected world","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T08:14:29","indexId":"70173763","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-22T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5101,"text":"Journal of Public Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disease epidemics: Lessons for resilience in an increasingly connected world","docAbstract":"In public health, the term resilience often refers to the personality traits that individuals possess which help them endure and recover from stressors. However, resilience as a system characteristic, especially in regards to complex social-ecological systems, can be informative for public health at scales larger than the individual. Acute shocks to systems occur against a background of existing conditions, which are crucial determinants of the eventual public health outcomes of those shocks, and in the context of complex dependencies among and between ecological and societal elements. Many components of a system's baseline condition are chronic public health concerns themselves and diminish the capacity of the system to perform in the face of acute shocks. The emerging field of resilience management is concerned with holistically assessing and improving a system's ability to prepare for and absorb disruption, and then recover and adapt across physical, information, environmental and social domains. Integrating resilience considerations into current risk- and evidence-based approaches to disease control and prevention1 can move public health efforts toward more proactive and comprehensive solutions for protecting and improving the health of communities. Here, we look to the case of the Black Death as an illustrative case of a dramatic transformation in human history, an acute shock to a system that was underlain by chronic social maladies, to derive lessons about resilience management for public health in contemporary systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Journals","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdw044","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.R., DeWitte, S., Kurth, M., and Linkov, I., 2016, Disease epidemics: Lessons for resilience in an increasingly connected world: Journal of Public Health, fdw044: 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdw044.","productDescription":"fdw044: 4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-074766","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdw044","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576ba89de4b07657d1a17663","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWitte, S.N.","contributorId":171617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeWitte","given":"S.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kurth, M.H.","contributorId":171618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurth","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13502,"text":"US Army Corps of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Linkov, I.","contributorId":171619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linkov","given":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":13502,"text":"US Army Corps of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173855,"text":"70173855 - 2016 - Genome sequence of a novel H14N7 subtype influenza A virus isolated from a blue-winged teal (Anas discors) harvested in Texas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-12T18:42:43","indexId":"70173855","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-22T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5099,"text":"Genome Announcements","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genome sequence of a novel H14N7 subtype influenza A virus isolated from a blue-winged teal (Anas discors) harvested in Texas, USA","docAbstract":"We report here the complete genome sequence of a novel H14N7 subtype influenza A virus (IAV) isolated from a blue-winged teal (Anas discors) harvested in Texas, USA. The genomic characteristics of this IAV strain with a previously undetected subtype combination suggest recent viral evolution within the New World wild-bird IAV reservoir.
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Fish Biology and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stock assessment in inland fisheries: a foundation for sustainable use and conservation","docAbstract":"Fisheries stock assessments are essential for science-based fisheries management. Inland fisheries pose challenges, but also provide opportunities for biological assessments that differ from those encountered in large marine fisheries for which many of our assessment methods have been developed. These include the number and diversity of fisheries, high levels of ecological and environmental variation, and relative lack of institutional capacity for assessment. In addition, anthropogenic impacts on habitats, widespread presence of non-native species and the frequent use of enhancement and restoration measures such as stocking affect stock dynamics. This paper outlines various stock assessment and data collection approaches that can be adapted to a wide range of different inland fisheries and management challenges. Although this paper identifies challenges in assessment, it focuses on solutions that are practical, scalable and transferrable. A path forward is suggested in which biological assessment generates some of the critical information needed by fisheries managers to make effective decisions that benefit the resource and stakeholders.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11160-016-9435-0","usgsCitation":"Lorenzen, K., Cowx, I.G., Entsua-Mensah, R., Lester, N.P., Koehn, J., Randall, R., So, N., Bonar, S.A., Bunnell, D., Venturelli, P.A., Bower, S.D., and Cooke, S., 2016, Stock assessment in inland fisheries: a foundation for sustainable use and conservation: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, v. 26, no. 3, p. 405-440, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-016-9435-0.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"440","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063445","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576ba89fe4b07657d1a1769e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenzen, Kai","contributorId":169476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenzen","given":"Kai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cowx, Ian G.","contributorId":37228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cowx","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Entsua-Mensah, R. E. M.","contributorId":171846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Entsua-Mensah","given":"R. E. M.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lester, Nigel P.","contributorId":101544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lester","given":"Nigel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koehn, J.D.","contributorId":171847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koehn","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Randall, R.G.","contributorId":146957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"So, N.","contributorId":172349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"So","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bunnell, David B. 0000-0003-3521-7747 dbunnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-7747","contributorId":169859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David B.","email":"dbunnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Venturelli, Paul A.","contributorId":171477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Venturelli","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bower, Shannon D.","contributorId":166921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bower","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17786,"text":"Carleton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Cooke, Steven J.","contributorId":56132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooke","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[{"id":36574,"text":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70173796,"text":"70173796 - 2016 - Object-based forest classification to facilitate landscape-scale conservation in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T15:09:55","indexId":"70173796","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-22T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5098,"text":"Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Object-based forest classification to facilitate landscape-scale conservation in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"The Mississippi Alluvial Valley is a floodplain along the southern extent of the Mississippi River extending from southern Missouri to the Gulf of Mexico. This area once encompassed nearly 10 million ha of floodplain forests, most of which has been converted to agriculture over the past two centuries. Conservation programs in this region revolve around protection of existing forest and reforestation of converted lands. Therefore, an accurate and up to date classification of forest cover is essential for conservation planning, including efforts that prioritize areas for conservation activities. We used object-based image analysis with Random Forest classification to quickly and accurately classify forest cover. We used Landsat band, band ratio, and band index statistics to identify and define similar objects as our training sets instead of selecting individual training points. This provided a single rule-set that was used to classify each of the 11 Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper scenes that encompassed the Mississippi Alluvial Valley. We classified 3,307,910±85,344 ha (32% of this region) as forest. Our overall classification accuracy was 96.9% with Kappa statistic of 0.96. Because this method of forest classification is rapid and accurate, assessment of forest cover can be regularly updated and progress toward forest habitat goals identified in conservation plans can be periodically evaluated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rsase.2016.01.003","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, M., Wilson, R.R., Twedt, D.J., Mini, A., and James, J.D., 2016, Object-based forest classification to facilitate landscape-scale conservation in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, v. 4, p. 55-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2016.01.003.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"60","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061883","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2016.01.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324251,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Alluvial Valley","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576ba89fe4b07657d1a17683","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.rsase.2016.01.003","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2016.01.003","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Mitchell Michael, Wilson R. Randy, Twedt Daniel J., Mini Anne E., James J. Dale","journalName":"Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment","publicationDate":"10/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, Michael","contributorId":98207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, R. 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Dale","contributorId":172350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"James","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Dale","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174013,"text":"70174013 - 2016 - Regional effects of agricultural conservation practices on nutrient transport in the Upper Mississippi River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T10:26:40","indexId":"70174013","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-22T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional effects of agricultural conservation practices on nutrient transport in the Upper Mississippi River Basin","docAbstract":"Despite progress in the implementation of conservation practices, related improvements in water quality have been challenging to measure in larger river systems. In this paper we quantify these downstream effects by applying the empirical U.S. Geological Survey water-quality model SPARROW to investigate whether spatial differences in conservation intensity were statistically correlated with variations in nutrient loads. In contrast to other forms of water quality data analysis, the application of SPARROW controls for confounding factors such as hydrologic variability, multiple sources and environmental processes. A measure of conservation intensity was derived from the USDA-CEAP regional assessment of the Upper Mississippi River and used as an explanatory variable in a model of the Upper Midwest. The spatial pattern of conservation intensity was negatively correlated (p = 0.003) with the total nitrogen loads in streams in the basin. Total phosphorus loads were weakly negatively correlated with conservation (p = 0.25). Regional nitrogen reductions were estimated to range from 5 to 34% and phosphorus reductions from 1 to 10% in major river basins of the Upper Mississippi region. The statistical associations between conservation and nutrient loads are consistent with hydrological and biogeochemical processes such as denitrification. The results provide empirical evidence at the regional scale that conservation practices have had a larger statistically detectable effect on nitrogen than on phosphorus loadings in streams and rivers of the Upper Mississippi Basin.
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