Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting free-ranging and captive cervids that now occurs in 24 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. Despite the potential threat of CWD to deer populations, little is known about the rates of infection and mortality caused by this disease. We used epidemiological models to estimate the force of infection and disease-associated mortality for white-tailed deer in the Wisconsin and Illinois CWD outbreaks. Models were based on age-prevalence data corrected for bias in aging deer using the tooth wear and replacement method. Both male and female deer in the Illinois outbreak had higher corrected age-specific prevalence with slightly higher female infection than deer in the Wisconsin outbreak. Corrected ages produced more complex models with different infection and mortality parameters than those based on apparent prevalence. We found that adult male deer have a more than threefold higher risk of CWD infection than female deer. Males also had higher disease mortality than female deer. As a result, CWD prevalence was twofold higher in adult males than females. We also evaluated the potential impacts of alternative contact structures on transmission dynamics in Wisconsin deer. Results suggested that transmission of CWD among male deer during the nonbreeding season may be a potential mechanism for producing higher rates of infection and prevalence characteristically found in males. However, alternatives based on high environmental transmission and transmission from females to males during the breeding season may also play a role.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.1538","usgsCitation":"Samuel, M.D., and Storm, D.J., 2016, Chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer: Infection, mortality, and implications for heterogeneous transmission: Ecology, v. 97, no. 11, p. 3195-3205, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1538.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"3195","endPage":"3205","ipdsId":"IP-066740","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340548,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030325e4b0e862d230f71f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storm, Daniel J.","contributorId":171373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Storm","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24576,"text":"University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185046,"text":"70185046 - 2016 - Spatio-temporal variation in age structure and abundance of the endangered snail kite: Pooling across regions masks a declining and aging population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T16:31:18","indexId":"70185046","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatio-temporal variation in age structure and abundance of the endangered snail kite: Pooling across regions masks a declining and aging population","docAbstract":"While variation in age structure over time and space has long been considered important for population dynamics and conservation, reliable estimates of such spatio-temporal variation in age structure have been elusive for wild vertebrate populations. This limitation has arisen because of problems of imperfect detection, the potential for temporary emigration impacting assessments of age structure, and limited information on age. However, identifying patterns in age structure is important for making reliable predictions of both short- and long-term dynamics of populations of conservation concern. Using a multistate superpopulation estimator, we estimated region-specific abundance and age structure (the proportion of individuals within each age class) of a highly endangered population of snail kites for two separate regions in Florida over 17 years (1997–2013). We find that in the southern region of the snail kite—a region known to be critical for the long-term persistence of the species—the population has declined significantly since 1997, and during this time, it has increasingly become dominated by older snail kites (> 12 years old). In contrast, in the northern region—a region historically thought to serve primarily as drought refugia—the population has increased significantly since 2007 and age structure is more evenly distributed among age classes. Given that snail kites show senescence at approximately 13 years of age, where individuals suffer higher mortality rates and lower breeding rates, these results reveal an alarming trend for the southern region. Our work illustrates the importance of accounting for spatial structure when assessing changes in abundance and age distribution and the need for monitoring of age structure in imperiled species.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0162690","usgsCitation":"Reichert, B.E., Kendall, W., Fletcher, R.J., and Kitchens, W.M., 2016, Spatio-temporal variation in age structure and abundance of the endangered snail kite: Pooling across regions masks a declining and aging population: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 9, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162690.","productDescription":"e0162690; 18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-074516","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162690","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.24365234375,\n 25.512700007620513\n ],\n [\n -80.09033203125,\n 25.512700007620513\n ],\n [\n -80.09033203125,\n 28.5941685062326\n ],\n [\n -82.24365234375,\n 28.5941685062326\n ],\n [\n -82.24365234375,\n 25.512700007620513\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7af9ee4b0849ce9795e92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reichert, Brian E. 0000-0002-9640-0695","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-0695","contributorId":22166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichert","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":684162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, William L. 0000-0003-0084-9891 wkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":166709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William L.","email":"wkendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":684064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fletcher, Robert J. Jr.","contributorId":41294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Robert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kitchens, Wiley M. kitchensw@usgs.gov","contributorId":2851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitchens","given":"Wiley","email":"kitchensw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":684164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185056,"text":"70185056 - 2016 - The use of amino acid indices for assessing organic matter quality and microbial abundance in deep-sea Antarctic sediments of IODP Expedition 318","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T16:20:03","indexId":"70185056","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2662,"text":"Marine Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of amino acid indices for assessing organic matter quality and microbial abundance in deep-sea Antarctic sediments of IODP Expedition 318","docAbstract":"The Adélie Basin, located offshore of the Wilkes Land margin, experiences unusually high sedimentation rates (~ 2 cm yr− 1) for the Antarctic coast. This study sought to compare depthwise changes in organic matter (OM) quantity and quality with changes in microbial biomass with depth at this high-deposition site and an offshore continental margin site. Sediments from both sites were collected during the International Ocean Drilling (IODP) Program Expedition 318. Viable microbial biomass was estimated from concentrations of bacterial-derived phospholipid fatty acids, while OM quality was assessed using four different amino acid degradation proxies. Concentrations of total hydrolysable amino acids (THAA) measured from the continental margin suggest an oligotrophic environment, with THAA concentrations representing only 2% of total organic carbon with relative proportions of non-protein amino acids β-alanine and γ-aminobutyric acid as high as 40%. In contrast, THAA concentrations from the near-shore Adélie Basin represent 40%–60% of total organic carbon. Concentrations of β-alanine and γ-aminobutyric acid were often below the detection limit and suggest that the OM of the basin as labile. DI values in surface sediments at the Adélie and margin sites were measured to be + 0.78 and − 0.76, reflecting labile and more recalcitrant OM, respectively. Greater DI values in deeper and more anoxic portions of both cores correlated positively with increased relative concentrations of phenylalanine plus tyrosine and may represent a change of redox conditions, rather than OM quality. This suggests that DI values calculated along chemical profiles should be interpreted with caution. THAA concentrations, the percentage of organic carbon (CAA%) and total nitrogen (NAA%) represented by amino acids at both sites demonstrated a significant positive correlation with bacterial abundance estimates. These data suggest that the selective degradation of amino acids, as indicated by THAA concentrations, CAA% or NAA% values may be a better proxy for describing the general changes in sedimentary bacterial abundances than total organic matter or bulk sedimentation rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marchem.2016.08.002","usgsCitation":"Carr, S., Mills, C., and Mandernack, K.W., 2016, The use of amino acid indices for assessing organic matter quality and microbial abundance in deep-sea Antarctic sediments of IODP Expedition 318: Marine Chemistry, v. 186, p. 72-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2016.08.002.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"82","ipdsId":"IP-076259","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"186","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7af9ee4b0849ce9795e8a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, Stephanie A","contributorId":189201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"Stephanie A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mills, Christopher T. 0000-0001-8414-1414 cmills@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-1414","contributorId":150137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Christopher T.","email":"cmills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":684104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mandernack, Kevin W","contributorId":189202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mandernack","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185055,"text":"70185055 - 2016 - Positive biodiversity-productivity relationship predominant in global forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T12:41:45","indexId":"70185055","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Positive biodiversity-productivity relationship predominant in global forests","docAbstract":"The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem productivity has been explored in detail in herbaceous vegetation, but patterns in forests are far less well understood. Liang et al. have amassed a global forest data set from >770,000 sample plots in 44 countries. A positive and consistent relationship can be discerned between tree diversity and ecosystem productivity at landscape, country, and ecoregion scales. On average, a 10% loss in biodiversity leads to a 3% loss in productivity. This means that the economic value of maintaining biodiversity for the sake of global forest productivity is more than fivefold greater than global conservation costs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Science","doi":"10.1126/science.aaf8957","usgsCitation":"Liang, J., Crowther, T.W., Picard, N., Wiser, S., Zhou, M., Alberti, G., Schulze, E., McGuire, A.D., and et al., 2016, Positive biodiversity-productivity relationship predominant in global forests: Science, v. 354, no. 6309, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf8957.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-076166","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://pure.knaw.nl/portal/en/publications/5d718d39-0a5b-44dc-a476-4fc94ec12084","text":"External Repository"},{"id":337630,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"354","issue":"6309","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52cde4b0849ce97c86a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liang, Jingjing","contributorId":189197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liang","given":"Jingjing","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crowther, Thomas W.","contributorId":177398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crowther","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Picard, Nicolas","contributorId":189198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Picard","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiser, Susan","contributorId":189199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiser","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhou, Mo","contributorId":189200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhou","given":"Mo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alberti, Giorgio","contributorId":189320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alberti","given":"Giorgio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schulze, Ernst-Detlef","contributorId":189321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulze","given":"Ernst-Detlef","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McGuire, Anthony D. 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":2493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Anthony","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"et al.","contributorId":128369,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"et al.","id":684528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70186297,"text":"70186297 - 2016 - Bacterial genomics reveal the complex epidemiology of an emerging pathogen in arctic and boreal ungulates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-04T11:45:04","indexId":"70186297","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1702,"text":"Frontiers in Microbiology","onlineIssn":"1664-302X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacterial genomics reveal the complex epidemiology of an emerging pathogen in arctic and boreal ungulates","docAbstract":"Northern ecosystems are currently experiencing unprecedented ecological change, largely driven by a rapidly changing climate. Pathogen range expansion, and emergence and altered patterns of infectious disease, are increasingly reported in wildlife at high latitudes. Understanding the causes and consequences of shifting pathogen diversity and host-pathogen interactions in these ecosystems is important for wildlife conservation, and for indigenous populations that depend on wildlife. Among the key questions are whether disease events are associated with endemic or recently introduced pathogens, and whether emerging strains are spreading throughout the region. In this study, we used a phylogenomic approach to address these questions of pathogen endemicity and spread for Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, an opportunistic multi-host bacterial pathogen associated with recent mortalities in arctic and boreal ungulate populations in North America. We isolated E. rhusiopathiae from carcasses associated with large-scale die-offs of muskoxen in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and from contemporaneous mortality events and/or population declines among muskoxen in northwestern Alaska and caribou and moose in western Canada. Bacterial genomic diversity differed markedly among these locations; minimal divergence was present among isolates from muskoxen in the Canadian Arctic, while in caribou and moose populations, strains from highly divergent clades were isolated from the same location, or even from within a single carcass. These results indicate that mortalities among northern ungulates are not associated with a single emerging strain of E. rhusiopathiae, and that alternate hypotheses need to be explored. Our study illustrates the value and limitations of bacterial genomic data for discriminating between ecological hypotheses of disease emergence, and highlights the importance of studying emerging pathogens within the broader context of environmental and host factors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2016.01759","usgsCitation":"Forde, T.L., Orsel, K., Zadoks, R.N., Biek, R., Adams, L., Checkley, S.L., Davison, T., De Buck, J., Dumond, M., Elkin, B.T., Finnegan, L., Macbeth, B.J., Nelson, C., Niptanatiak, A., Sather, S., Schwantje, H.M., van der Meer, F., and Kutz, S.J., 2016, Bacterial genomics reveal the complex epidemiology of an emerging pathogen in arctic and boreal ungulates: Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 7, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01759.","productDescription":"Article 1759; 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-073288","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01759","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e4b0b2e4b09da67999778f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forde, Taya L.","contributorId":190364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forde","given":"Taya","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Orsel, Karin","contributorId":190365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orsel","given":"Karin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zadoks, Ruth N.","contributorId":190366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zadoks","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biek, Roman","contributorId":190367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biek","given":"Roman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":688235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Checkley, Sylvia L.","contributorId":190368,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Checkley","given":"Sylvia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Davison, Tracy","contributorId":190369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davison","given":"Tracy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"De Buck, Jeroen","contributorId":190370,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Buck","given":"Jeroen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dumond, Mathieu","contributorId":190371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dumond","given":"Mathieu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Elkin, Brett T.","contributorId":190372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elkin","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Finnegan, Laura","contributorId":190373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finnegan","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Macbeth, Bryan J.","contributorId":190374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Macbeth","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nelson, Cait","contributorId":190375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Cait","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Niptanatiak, Amanda","contributorId":190376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niptanatiak","given":"Amanda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sather, Shane","contributorId":190377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sather","given":"Shane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Schwantje, Helen M.","contributorId":190378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwantje","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"van der Meer, Frank","contributorId":190379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van der Meer","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Kutz, Susan J.","contributorId":190345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kutz","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70170679,"text":"70170679 - 2016 - Landsat 8: The plans, the reality, and the legacy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T13:53:20","indexId":"70170679","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat 8: The plans, the reality, and the legacy","docAbstract":"Landsat 8, originally known as the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM), is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) partnership that continues the legacy of continuous moderate resolution observations started in 1972. The conception of LDCM to the reality of Landsat 8 followed an arduous path extending over nearly 13 years, but the successful launch on February 11, 2013 ensures the continuity of the unparalleled Landsat record. The USGS took over mission operations on May 30, 2013 and renamed LCDM to Landsat 8. Access to Landsat 8 data was opened to users worldwide. Three years following launch we evaluate the science and applications impact of Landsat 8. With a mission objective to enable the detection and characterization of global land changes at a scale where differentiation between natural and human-induced causes of change is possible, LDCM promised incremental technical improvements in capabilities needed for Landsat scientific and applications investigations. Results show that with Landsat 8, we are acquiring more data than ever before, the radiometric and geometric quality of data are generally technically superior to data acquired by past Landsat missions, and the new measurements, e.g., the coastal aerosol and cirrus bands, are opening new opportunities. Collectively, these improvements are sparking the growth of science and applications opportunities. Equally important, with Landsat 7 still operational, we have returned to global imaging on an 8-day cycle, a capability that ended when Landsat 5 ceased operational Earth imaging in November 2011. As a result, the Landsat program is on secure footings and planning is underway to extend the record for another 20 or more years.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2016.07.033","usgsCitation":"Loveland, T.R., and Irons, J.R., 2016, Landsat 8: The plans, the reality, and the legacy: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 185, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.07.033.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-074490","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.07.033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331816,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"185","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584bd0dce4b077fc20250e04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irons, James R.","contributorId":59284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irons","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193096,"text":"70193096 - 2016 - Evaluation of fisher (Pekania pennanti) restoration in Olympic National Park and the Olympic Recovery Area: 2015 final annual progress report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-27T14:59:21","indexId":"70193096","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/OLYM/NRR—2016/1274","displayTitle":"Evaluation of fisher (Pekania pennanti) restoration in Olympic National Park and the Olympic Recovery Area: 2015 final annual progress report","title":"Evaluation of fisher (Pekania pennanti) restoration in Olympic National Park and the Olympic Recovery Area: 2015 final annual progress report","docAbstract":"With the translocation and release of 90 fishers (Pekania pennanti) from British Columbia to Olympic National Park during 2008–2010, the National Park Service (NPS) and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) accomplished the first phase of fisher restoration in Washington State. Beginning in 2013, we initiated a new research project to determine the current status of fishers on Washington’s Olympic Peninsula 3–8 years after the releases and evaluate the short-term success of the restoration program. Objectives of the study are to determine the current distribution of fishers and proportion of the recovery area that is currently occupied by fishers, determine several genetic characteristics of the reintroduced population, and determine reproductive success of the founding animals through genetic studies.
During 2015, we continued working with a broad coalition of cooperating agencies, tribes, and nongovernmental organizations (NGO) to collect data on fisher distribution and genetics using noninvasive sampling methods. The primary sampling frame consisted of 157 24-km2 hexagons (hexes) distributed across all major land ownerships within the Olympic Peninsula target survey area. In 2014 we expanded the study by adding 58 more hexes to an expanded study area in response to incidental fisher observations outside of the target area obtained in 2013; 49 hexes were added south and 9 to the east of the target area. During 2015, Federal, State, Tribal and NGO biologists and volunteers established three Distributioned motion-sensing camera stations, paired with hair snaring devices, in 87 hexes; 75 in the targeted area and 12 in the expansion areas. Each paired camera/hair station was left in place for approximately 6 weeks, with three checks on 2-week intervals. We documented fisher presence in 7 of the 87 hexagons. Four fishers were identified through microsatellite DNA analyses. The 4 identified fishers included 1 of the original founding population of 90 and 3 new recruits to the population. Three additional fishers were detected with cameras but not DNA, consequently their identities were unknown. All fisher detections were in the target area. Additionally, we identified 46 other species of wildlife at the baited camera stations. We also obtained 4 additional confirmed records of fishers in the study area through photographs provided by the public and incidental live capture.
During 2016, we plan to resample 69 hexagons sampled in the target area in 2014 and 12 new hexes in the expansion area. In addition, we plan to sample non-selected hexes in-between hexes where we had a cluster of fishers in 2014, to provide better understanding of occupancy patterns and minimum number of individuals in an area where fishers appear to be concentrating.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Happe, P.J., Jenkins, K.J., Kay, T.J., Pilgrim, K., Schwartz, M.K., Lewis, J.C., and Aubry, K.B., 2016, Evaluation of fisher (Pekania pennanti) restoration in Olympic National Park and the Olympic Recovery Area: 2015 final annual progress report: Natural Resource Report NPS/OLYM/NRR—2016/1274, ix, 34 p.","productDescription":"ix, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"48","ipdsId":"IP-088873","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349382,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/olym/learn/nature/upload/OLYM_Fisher_2015ProgressReport_20160815.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Olympic 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K.","contributorId":199035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lewis, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":141090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13674,"text":"WDFW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Aubry, Keith B.","contributorId":141091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aubry","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7134,"text":"USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70182102,"text":"70182102 - 2016 - Response of imperiled Okaloosa darters to stream restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T14:26:40","indexId":"70182102","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of imperiled Okaloosa darters to stream restoration","docAbstract":"The Okaloosa Darter Etheostoma okaloosae is a small percid endemic to six stream drainages in northwestern Florida. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed Okaloosa Darters as endangered in 1973 and downlisted them to threatened in 2011 because of habitat improvements and increasing abundance across much of their geographic range. Delisting is possible if remaining recovery criteria are met, including restoration of degraded stream reaches. Impounded reaches of Anderson Branch, Mill Creek, and Toms Creek were restored by removing impediments to water flow, draining impoundments, and reconstructing stream reaches. Restorations of Anderson Branch and Mill Creek were designed to rehabilitate populations of Okaloosa Darters without significantly affecting popular recreational activities at these locations. Restorations were evaluated from 2007 to 2013 by comparing counts of Okaloosa Darters and the composition of microhabitats in restored and nearby undisturbed reference sites. Okaloosa Darters were absent from degraded stream reaches at the beginning of the study, but they rapidly colonized once restorations were completed. Counts of Okaloosa Darters in reference and restoration sites in Anderson Branch were similar by the end of the study, whereas counts in restoration sites were significantly lower than nearby reference sites in Mill and Toms creeks. Restoration sites tended to have lower coverage of sand and root and higher coverage of macrophytes. As riparian vegetation surrounding restoration sites matures to a closed canopy that reduces excessive growth of macrophytes, stream microhabitats and numbers of darters will probably become similar to reference sites. Restoration of degraded stream sites increased abundance and distribution of Okaloosa Darters and reconnected formerly isolated upstream and downstream populations. These projects demonstrated that restoration is a useful conservation tool for imperiled fishes such as Okaloosa Darters and can be undertaken without interfering with popular recreational activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2016.1227402","usgsCitation":"Reeves, D.B., Tate, W.B., Jelks, H.L., and Jordan, F., 2016, Response of imperiled Okaloosa darters to stream restoration: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 36, no. 6, p. 1375-1385, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2016.1227402.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1375","endPage":"1385","ipdsId":"IP-071744","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.70272827148438,\n 30.496017831341284\n ],\n [\n -86.28662109375,\n 30.496017831341284\n ],\n [\n -86.28662109375,\n 30.92814479412135\n ],\n [\n -86.70272827148438,\n 30.92814479412135\n ],\n [\n -86.70272827148438,\n 30.496017831341284\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a6c82ce4b025c46428626a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, David B.","contributorId":181809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reeves","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tate, William B.","contributorId":181810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tate","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jelks, Howard L. 0000-0002-0672-6297 hjelks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-6297","contributorId":168997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jelks","given":"Howard","email":"hjelks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jordan, Frank","contributorId":181811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jordan","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176359,"text":"ofr20161152 - 2016 - Bedrock morphology and structure, upper Santa Cruz Basin, south-central Arizona, with transient electromagnetic survey data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T11:23:24","indexId":"ofr20161152","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-31T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1152","title":"Bedrock morphology and structure, upper Santa Cruz Basin, south-central Arizona, with transient electromagnetic survey data","docAbstract":"The upper Santa Cruz Basin is an important groundwater basin containing the regional aquifer for the city of Nogales, Arizona. This report provides data and interpretations of data aimed at better understanding the bedrock morphology and structure of the upper Santa Cruz Basin study area which encompasses the Rio Rico and Nogales 1:24,000-scale U.S. Geological Survey quadrangles. Data used in this report include the Arizona Aeromagnetic and Gravity Maps and Data referred to here as the 1996 Patagonia Aeromagnetic survey, Bouguer gravity anomaly data, and conductivity-depth transforms (CDTs) from the 1998 Santa Cruz transient electromagnetic survey (whose data are included in appendixes 1 and 2 of this report).
Analyses based on magnetic gradients worked well to identify the range-front faults along the Mt. Benedict horst block, the location of possibly fault-controlled canyons to the west of Mt. Benedict, the edges of buried lava flows, and numerous other concealed faults and contacts. Applying the 1996 Patagonia aeromagnetic survey data using the horizontal gradient method produced results that were most closely correlated with the observed geology.
The 1996 Patagonia aeromagnetic survey was used to estimate depth to bedrock in the upper Santa Cruz Basin study area. Three different depth estimation methods were applied to the data: Euler deconvolution, horizontal gradient magnitude, and analytic signal. The final depth to bedrock map was produced by choosing the maximum depth from each of the three methods at a given location and combining all maximum depths. In locations of rocks with a known reversed natural remanent magnetic field, gravity based depth estimates from Gettings and Houser (1997) were used.
The depth to bedrock map was supported by modeling aeromagnetic anomaly data along six profiles. These cross sectional models demonstrated that by using the depth to bedrock map generated in this study, known and concealed faults, measured and estimated magnetic susceptibilities of rocks found in the study area, and estimated natural remanent magnetic intensities and directions, reasonable geologic models can be built. This indicates that the depth to bedrock map is reason-able and geologically possible.
Finally, CDTs derived from the 1998 Santa Cruz Basin transient electromagnetic survey were used to help identify basin structure and some physical properties of the basin fill in the study area. The CDTs also helped to confirm depth to bedrock estimates in the Santa Cruz Basin, in particular a region of elevated bedrock in the area of Potrero Canyon, and a deep basin in the location of the Arizona State Highway 82 microbasin. The CDTs identified many concealed faults in the study area and possibly indicate deep water-saturated clay-rich sediments in the west-central portion of the study area. These sediments grade to more sand-rich saturated sediments to the south with relatively thick, possibly unsaturated, sediments at the surface. Also, the CDTs may indicate deep saturated clay-rich sediments in the Highway 82 microbasin and in the Mount Benedict horst block from Proto Canyon south to the international border.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161152","usgsCitation":"Bultman, M.W., and Page, W.R., 2016, Bedrock morphology and structure, upper Santa Cruz Basin, south-central Arizona, with transient electromagnetic survey data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1152, 49 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161152.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 49 p.; 2 Plates: 36.00 x 37.00 inches and 38.00 x 36.50 inches; 2 Appendixes; Read Me","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060430","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330512,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1152/ofr20161152_Appendix1.zip","text":"Appendix 1. Santa Cruz Transient Electromagnetic Survey Conductivity-Depth Transforms (CDT) Plots","size":"11.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2016-1152 Appendix 1"},{"id":330439,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1152/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":330513,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1152/ofr20161152_Appendix2.zip","text":"Appendix 2. Santa Cruz Transient Electromagnetic Survey Data","size":"45.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2016-1152 Appendix 2"},{"id":330440,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1152/ofr20161152.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.93 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1152 Report"},{"id":330441,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1152/ofr2011152_Readme.txt","text":"Read Me","size":"8.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2016-1152 Read Me"},{"id":330514,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1152/ofr20161152_plate_1.pdf","text":"Plate 1 Map showing potential field boundaries plotted over upper Santa Cruz Basin study area geology","size":"135 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1152 Plate 1"},{"id":330515,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1152/ofr20161152_plate_2.pdf","text":"Plate 2 Map showing conductivity-depth transforms plotted over upper Santa Cruz Basin study area geology","size":"101 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1152 Plate 2"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Upper Santa Cruz Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.74356079101562,\n 31.33604401284106\n ],\n [\n -110.74356079101562,\n 31.77837995377096\n ],\n [\n -111.18026733398438,\n 31.77837995377096\n ],\n [\n -111.181640625,\n 31.36653633110671\n ],\n [\n -111.07452392578125,\n 31.33252503230784\n ],\n [\n -110.74356079101562,\n 31.33604401284106\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
The analysis of ecological data has changed in two important ways over the last 15 years. The development and easy availability of Bayesian computational methods has allowed and encouraged the fitting of complex hierarchical models. At the same time, there has been increasing emphasis on acknowledging and accounting for model uncertainty. Unfortunately, the ability to fit complex models has outstripped the development of tools for model selection and model evaluation: familiar model selection tools such as Akaike's information criterion and the deviance information criterion are widely known to be inadequate for hierarchical models. In addition, little attention has been paid to the evaluation of model adequacy in context of hierarchical modeling, i.e., to the evaluation of fit for a single model. In this paper, we describe Bayesian cross-validation, which provides tools for model selection and evaluation. We describe the Bayesian predictive information criterion and a Bayesian approximation to the BPIC known as the Watanabe-Akaike information criterion. We illustrate the use of these tools for model selection, and the use of Bayesian cross-validation as a tool for model evaluation, using three large data sets from the North American Breeding Bird Survey.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1890/15-1286.1","usgsCitation":"Link, W.A., and Sauer, J., 2016, Bayesian cross-validation for model evaluation and selection, with application to the North American Breeding Bird Survey: Ecology, v. 97, no. 7, p. 1746-1758, https://doi.org/10.1890/15-1286.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1746","endPage":"1758","ipdsId":"IP-066970","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5818582ce4b0bb36a4c6f9ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John R.","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":652457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70177938,"text":"70177938 - 2016 - Uncertainty in biological monitoring: a framework for data collection and analysis to account for multiple sources of sampling bias","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T09:18:02","indexId":"70177938","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-31T12:15:55","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainty in biological monitoring: a framework for data collection and analysis to account for multiple sources of sampling bias","docAbstract":"Understanding the genetics of a population is a critical component of developing conservation strategies. We used archived tissue samples from golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos canadensis) in three geographic regions of western North America to conduct a preliminary study of the genetics of the North American subspecies, and to provide data for United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) decision-making for golden eagle management. We used a combination of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop sequences and 16 nuclear DNA (nDNA) microsatellite loci to investigate the extent of gene flow among our sampling areas in Idaho, California and Alaska and to determine if we could distinguish birds from the different geographic regions based on their genetic profiles. Our results indicate high genetic diversity, low genetic structure and high connectivity. Nuclear DNA Fst values between Idaho and California were low but significantly different from zero (0.026). Bayesian clustering methods indicated a single population, and we were unable to distinguish summer breeding residents from different regions. Results of the mtDNA AMOVA showed that most of the haplotype variation (97%) was within the geographic populations while 3% variation was partitioned among them. One haplotype was common to all three areas. One region-specific haplotype was detected in California and one in Idaho, but additional sampling is required to determine if these haplotypes are unique to those geographic areas or a sampling artifact. We discuss potential sources of the high gene flow for this species including natal and breeding dispersal, floaters, and changes in migratory behavior as a result of environmental factors such as climate change and habitat alteration. Our preliminary findings can help inform the USFWS in development of golden eagle management strategies and provide a basis for additional research into the complex dynamics of the North American subspecies.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0164248","usgsCitation":"Craig, E.H., Adams, J.R., Waits, L.P., Fuller, M.R., and Whittington, D.M., 2016, Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analyses of golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos canadensis) from three areas in western North America; initial results and conservation implications: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 10, e0164248; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164248.","productDescription":"e0164248; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066818","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470478,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164248","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330571,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, California, Idaho, Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.7734375,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -114.08203125,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -114.08203125,\n 45.27488643704891\n ],\n [\n -117.7734375,\n 45.27488643704891\n ],\n [\n -117.7734375,\n 42.22851735620852\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.607421875,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -117.94921874999999,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -117.94921874999999,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -122.607421875,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -122.607421875,\n 35.10193405724606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165.322265625,\n 67.7760253890732\n ],\n [\n -141.240234375,\n 67.7760253890732\n ],\n [\n -141.240234375,\n 71.10254274232307\n ],\n [\n -165.322265625,\n 71.10254274232307\n ],\n [\n -165.322265625,\n 67.7760253890732\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5818582ce4b0bb36a4c6fa07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craig, Erica H.","contributorId":176469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Jennifer R.","contributorId":21404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waits, Lisette P.","contributorId":87673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waits","given":"Lisette","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whittington, Diana M.","contributorId":176489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittington","given":"Diana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70177945,"text":"70177945 - 2016 - A downstream voyage with mercury","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:18:55","indexId":"70177945","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-31T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A downstream voyage with mercury","docAbstract":"Retrospective essay for the Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
As I look back on my paper, “Effects of Low Dietary Levels of Methyl Mercury on Mallard Reproduction,” published in 1974 in the Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, a thought sticks in my mind. I realize just how much my mercury research was not unlike a leaf in a stream, carried this way and that, sometimes stalled in an eddy, restarted, and carried downstream at a pace and path that was not completely under my control. I was hired in 1969 by the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center to study the effects of environmental pollutants on the behavior of wildlife. A colleague was conducting a study on the reproductive effects of methylmercury on mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), and he offered to give me some of the ducklings. I conducted a pilot study, testing how readily ducklings approached a tape-recorded maternal call. Sample sizes were small, but the results suggested that ducklings from mercury-treated parents behaved differently than controls. That’s how I got into mercury research—pretty much by chance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00128-016-1909-1","usgsCitation":"Heinz, G., 2016, A downstream voyage with mercury: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 97, no. 5, p. 591-592, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1909-1.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"591","endPage":"592","ipdsId":"IP-077912","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1909-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5818582ce4b0bb36a4c6fa05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heinz, Gary gheinz@usgs.gov","contributorId":3049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"Gary","email":"gheinz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70177106,"text":"sim3369 - 2016 - Sedimentation survey of Lago La Plata, Toa Alta, Puerto Rico, March–April 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T10:12:23","indexId":"sim3369","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-31T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3369","title":"Sedimentation survey of Lago La Plata, Toa Alta, Puerto Rico, March–April 2015","docAbstract":"Lago La Plata is operated by the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA) and is part of the San Juan Metropolitan Water District. The reservoir serves a population of about 425,000 people. During 2013 the reservoir provided 0.307 million cubic meters (Mm3 ) of water per day (about 81 million gallons per day), which is equivalent to 31 percent of the total water demand for the metropolitan area (Wanda L. Molina, U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 2015). The dam was constructed in 1974 and is located about 5 kilometers (km) south of the town of Toa Alta and 5 km north of the town of Naranjito (fig. 1). The drainage area upstream from the Lago La Plata dam is about 469 square kilometers (km2 ). The storage capacity at construction in 1974 was 26.84 Mm3 with a spillway elevation of 47.12 meters (m) above mean sea level (msl). Storage capacity was increased to 40.21 Mm3 in 1989 after the installation of bascule gates to provide a normal dam pool elevation at 52 m above msl (Puerto Rico Electric and Power Authority, 1979). The maximum height of the dam is about 40 m above the river bottom near the dam, and the intake structure consists of six 1.82-m-diameter ports facing upstream, with 6-m vertical spacing that begins at an elevation of 19 m above msl. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the PRASA, conducted a bathymetric survey of the Lago La Plata reservoir during March and April 2015. The hydrographic survey was designed to provide an update of the reservoir storage capacity and sedimentation rate. Areas with substantial sediment accumulation are also discussed in this report. The results of the survey were used to prepare a bathymetric map showing the reservoir bottom (fig. 2) referenced with respect to the spillway elevation. This report also includes a summary of a previous bathymetric survey conducted in 2006 (Soler-López, 2008).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3369","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA)","usgsCitation":"Gómez-Fragoso, Julieta, 2016, Sedimentation survey of Lago La Plata, Toa Alta, Puerto Rico, March–April 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3369, 1 sheet, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3369.","productDescription":"29.00 x 30.50 inches","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-071332","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438522,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PZ56XZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data and shapefiles for the sedimentation survey of Lago La Plata, Toa Alta, Puerto Rico"},{"id":330426,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3369/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":330427,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3369/sim3369.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.23","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3369"},{"id":330428,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7PZ56XZ","text":"USGS data release ","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Spatial data for the sedimentation survey of Lago La Plata, Toa Alta, Puerto Rico, March-April 2015"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Lago La Plata","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.24996185302734,\n 18.289504907462902\n ],\n [\n -66.24996185302734,\n 18.34654185709673\n ],\n [\n -66.19829177856445,\n 18.34654185709673\n ],\n [\n -66.19829177856445,\n 18.289504907462902\n ],\n [\n -66.24996185302734,\n 18.289504907462902\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
https://www.usgs.gov/water/caribbeanflorida
Following a large earthquake, seismic hazard can be orders of magnitude higher than the long‐term average as a result of aftershock triggering. Because of this heightened hazard, emergency managers and the public demand rapid, authoritative, and reliable aftershock forecasts. In the past, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) aftershock forecasts following large global earthquakes have been released on an ad hoc basis with inconsistent methods, and in some cases aftershock parameters adapted from California. To remedy this, the USGS is currently developing an automated aftershock product based on the Reasenberg and Jones (1989) method that will generate more accurate forecasts. To better capture spatial variations in aftershock productivity and decay, we estimate regional aftershock parameters for sequences within the García et al. (2012) tectonic regions. We find that regional variations for mean aftershock productivity reach almost a factor of 10. We also develop a method to account for the time‐dependent magnitude of completeness following large events in the catalog. In addition to estimating average sequence parameters within regions, we develop an inverse method to estimate the intersequence parameter variability. This allows for a more complete quantification of the forecast uncertainties and Bayesian updating of the forecast as sequence‐specific information becomes available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Albany, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120160073","issn":" 0037-1106","usgsCitation":"Page, M.T., van der Elst, N., Hardebeck, J.L., Felzer, K., and Michael, A.J., 2016, Three ingredients for Improved global aftershock forecasts: Tectonic region, time-dependent catalog incompleteness, and inter-sequence variability: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 106, no. 5, p. 2290-2301, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120160073.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2290","endPage":"2301","ipdsId":"IP-073216","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"106","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5818582de4b0bb36a4c6fa0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, Morgan T. 0000-0001-9321-2990 mpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9321-2990","contributorId":3762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"Morgan","email":"mpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van der Elst, Nicholas 0000-0002-3812-1153 nvanderelst@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3812-1153","contributorId":147858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van der 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kfelzer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-5525","contributorId":145408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felzer","given":"Karen","email":"kfelzer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179389,"text":"70179389 - 2016 - Recurrent hybridization and recent origin obscure phylogenetic relationships within the ‘white-headed’ gull (Larus sp.) complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-30T10:48:55","indexId":"70179389","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2779,"text":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recurrent hybridization and recent origin obscure phylogenetic relationships within the ‘white-headed’ gull (Larus sp.) complex","docAbstract":"Species complexes that have undergone recent radiations are often characterized by extensive allele sharing due to recent ancestry and (or) introgressive hybridization. This can result in discordant evolutionary histories of genes and heterogeneous genomes, making delineating species limits difficult. Here we examine the phylogenetic relationships among a complex group of birds, the white-headed gulls (Aves: Laridae), which offer a unique window into the speciation process due to their recent evolutionary history and propensity to hybridize. Relationships were examined among 17 species (61 populations) using a multilocus approach, including mitochondrial and nuclear intron DNA sequences and microsatellite genotype information. Analyses of microsatellite and intron data resulted in some species-based groupings, although most species were not represented by a single cluster. Considerable allele and haplotype sharing among white-headed gull species was observed; no locus contained a species-specific clade. Despite this, our multilocus approach provided better resolution among some species than previous studies. Interestingly, most clades appear to correspond to geographic locality: our BEAST analysis recovered strong support for a northern European/Icelandic clade, a southern European/Russian clade, and a western North American/canus clade, with weak evidence for a high latitude clade spanning North America and northwestern Europe. This geographical structuring is concordant with behavioral observations of pervasive hybridization in areas of secondary contact. The extent of allele and haplotype sharing indicates that ecological and sexual selection are likely not strong enough to complete reproductive isolation within several species in the white-headed gull complex. This suggests that just a few genes are driving the speciation process.
","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/j.ympev.2016.06.008","usgsCitation":"Sonsthagen, S.A., Wilson, R.E., Chesser, T., Pons, J., Crochet, P., Driscoll, A., and Dove, C., 2016, Recurrent hybridization and recent origin obscure phylogenetic relationships within the ‘white-headed’ gull (Larus sp.) complex: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, v. 103, p. 41-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.06.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"54","ipdsId":"IP-071704","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470479,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.06.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74X55WS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Larus Gull Microsatellite DNA Data, 2006-2009"},{"id":332679,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586781f4e4b0cd2dabe7c711","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Robert E. 0000-0003-1800-0183 rewilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-0183","contributorId":5718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Robert","email":"rewilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chesser, Terry 0000-0003-4389-7092 tchesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-7092","contributorId":177781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesser","given":"Terry","email":"tchesser@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pons, Jean-Marc","contributorId":177782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pons","given":"Jean-Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crochet, Pierre-Andre","contributorId":177783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crochet","given":"Pierre-Andre","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Driscoll, Amy","contributorId":177784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dove, Carla","contributorId":177785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dove","given":"Carla","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70189146,"text":"70189146 - 2016 - Large along-strike variations in the onset of Subandean exhumation: Implications for Central Andean orogenic growth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-03T09:29:19","indexId":"70189146","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large along-strike variations in the onset of Subandean exhumation: Implications for Central Andean orogenic growth","docAbstract":"Plate tectonics drives mountain building in general, but the space-time pattern and style of deformation is influenced by how climate, geodynamics, and basement structure modify the orogenic wedge. Growth of the Subandean thrust belt, which lies at the boundary between the arid, high-elevation Central Andean Plateau and its humid, low-elevation eastern foreland, figures prominently into debates of orogenic wedge evolution. We integrate new apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronometer data with previously published apatite fission-track data from samples collected along four Subandean structural cross-sections in Bolivia between 15° and 20°S. We interpret cooling ages vs. structural depth to indicate the onset of Subandean exhumation and signify the forward propagation of deformation. We find that Subandean growth is diachronous south (11 ± 3 Ma) vs. north (6 ± 2 Ma) of the Bolivian orocline and that Subandean exhumation magnitudes vary by more than a factor of two. Similar north-south contrasts are present in foreland deposition, hinterland erosion, and paleoclimate; these observations both corroborate diachronous orogenic growth and illuminate potential propagation mechanisms. Of particular interest is an abrupt shift to cooler, more arid conditions in the Altiplano hinterland that is diachronous in southern Bolivia (16-13 Ma) vs. northern Bolivia (10-7 Ma) and precedes the timing of Subandean propagation in each region. Others have interpreted the paleoclimate shift to reflect either rapid surface uplift due to lithosphere removal or an abrupt change in climate dynamics once orographic threshold elevations were exceeded. These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and both would drive forward propagation of the orogenic wedge by augmenting the hinterland backstop, either through surface uplift or spatially variable erosion. In summary, we suggest that diachronous Subandean exhumation was driven by piecemeal hinterland uplift, orography, and the outward propagation of deformation.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.004","usgsCitation":"Lease, R.O., Ehlers, T., and Enkelmann, E., 2016, Large along-strike variations in the onset of Subandean exhumation: Implications for Central Andean orogenic growth: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 451, p. 62-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.004.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"62","endPage":"76","ipdsId":"IP-070854","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Argentina, Bolivia, Chile","otherGeospatial":"Andes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.08203125,\n -29.535229562948444\n ],\n [\n -64.16015624999999,\n -29.535229562948444\n ],\n [\n -64.16015624999999,\n -19.890723023996898\n ],\n [\n -69.08203125,\n -19.890723023996898\n ],\n [\n -69.08203125,\n -29.535229562948444\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"451","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595b5798e4b0d1f9f0536dbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lease, Richard O. 0000-0003-2582-8966 rlease@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-8966","contributorId":5098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lease","given":"Richard","email":"rlease@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ehlers, T.A.","contributorId":193510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehlers","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enkelmann, E.","contributorId":27256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enkelmann","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70177190,"text":"sir20165147 - 2016 - Spatiotemporal variability of inorganic nutrients during wastewater effluent dominated streamflow conditions in Indian Creek, Johnson County, Kansas, 2012–15","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T10:18:25","indexId":"sir20165147","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5147","title":"Spatiotemporal variability of inorganic nutrients during wastewater effluent dominated streamflow conditions in Indian Creek, Johnson County, Kansas, 2012–15","docAbstract":"Nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, are a leading cause of water-quality impairment in Kansas and the Nation. Indian Creek is one of the most urban drainage basins in Johnson County, Kansas, and environmental and biological conditions are affected by contaminants from point and other urban sources. The Johnson County Douglas L. Smith Middle Basin (hereinafter Middle Basin) wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) is the largest point-source discharge on Indian Creek. A second facility, the Tomahawk Creek WWTF, discharges into Indian Creek approximately 11.6 kilometers downstream from the Middle Basin WWTF. To better characterize the spatiotemporal variability of nutrients in Indian Creek, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment and Johnson County Wastewater, collected high-resolution spatial and temporal (a large number of samples collected over the entire reach or at single locations over a long period of time) inorganic nutrient (nitrate plus nitrite and orthophosphorus) data using a combination of discrete samples and sensor-measured data during 2012 through 2015.
Nutrient patterns observed in Indian Creek along the upstream-downstream gradient during wastewater effluent dominated streamflow conditions were largely affected by the WWTFs and by travel time of the parcels of water. Nitrate plus nitrite concentrations in the Middle Basin WWTF effluent and at downstream sites varied by as much as 6 milligrams per liter over a 24-hour period. The cyclical variability in the Middle Basin WWTF effluent generated a nitrate plus nitrite pulse that could be tracked for approximately 11.5 kilometers downstream in Indian Creek, until the effect was masked by the Tomahawk Creek WWTF effluent discharge. All longitudinal surveys showed the same general patterns along the upstream-downstream gradient, though streamflows, wastewater effluent contributions to streamflow, and nutrient concentrations spanned a wide range. Differences in orthophosphorus and nitrate plus nitrite patterns were clear along the upstream-downstream gradient in Indian Creek, and orthophosphorus concentrations were not as variable as nitrate plus nitrite concentrations. In general, nitrate plus nitrite concentrations decreased downstream from the Middle Basin WWTF to minima near the confluence with Tomahawk Creek, increased downstream from the Tomahawk Creek WWTF, and then varied little within the study reach. Orthophosphorus concentrations generally decreased downstream from the Middle Basin WWTF.
Despite the marked variability in nitrate plus nitrite concentrations caused by the Middle Basin WWTF effluent discharges, decreases in nitrate plus nitrite concentrations were discernable along the study reach between the two WWTFs. Decreases in nitrate plus nitrite concentrations along study reach were less variable than the cyclical variability typically measured, reiterating the effect of the Middle Basin WWTF effluent discharges on the spatiotemporal variability of nitrate plus nitrite in Indian Creek. Although decreases and rates of change in nitrate plus nitrite concentration were similar between the upper and lower reaches of Indian Creek, relations with initial nitrate plus nitrite concentrations and seasonal patterns were different between the upper (from College to the Marty study sites) and lower reaches (from Marty to the Mission Farms study sites) and did not reflect patterns observed for the overall reach. Quantifying the decreases in nitrate plus nitrite concentration caused by dilution and other in-stream processes were beyond the scope of this study, and were limited by available data. The data that are available suggest that dilution and other in-stream processes play a role in decreasing nitrate plus nitrite concentrations downstream from the Middle Basin WWTF in Indian Creek.
Analysis of the spatiotemporal variability of nutrients focused on below-normal and normal streamflow conditions, when streamflow and nutrient conditions in Indian Creek were largely controlled by WWTF effluent flows and nutrient removal processes. Spatial and temporal data indicate there are decreases in nutrient concentrations along the upstream-downstream gradient in Indian Creek, but quantifying decreases is complicated by the variability in nutrient concentrations caused by the WWTFs. During below-normal and normal streamflow conditions, Indian Creek nutrient concentrations downstream from the Middle Basin WWTF primarily reflect effluent concentrations in the hours or days before depending on relative distance downstream.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165147","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment and Johnson County Wastewater","usgsCitation":"Foster, G.M, Graham, J.L., Williams, T.J., and King, L.R., 2016, Spatiotemporal variability of inorganic nutrients during wastewater effluent dominated streamflow conditions in Indian Creek, Johnson County, Kansas, 2012–15: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5147, 37 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165147.","productDescription":"Report: v, 36 p.; Appendixes 1-4; Data Releases","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077541","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438525,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7445JN8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water-quality data from four Indian Creek sites, Johnson County, Kansas, July 22-25, 2014 and August 21-27, 2015"},{"id":438524,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F77W69CP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Spatial water-quality data for Indian Creek, Johnson County, Kansas, May 23, 2013, July 23, 2014, July 30, 2015, and August 26, 2015"},{"id":330584,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F77W69CP","text":"USGS data release - Spatial water-quality data for Indian Creek, Johnson County, Kansas, May 23, 2013, July 23, 2014, July 30, 2015, and August 26, 2015"},{"id":330581,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5147/sir20165147_appendix.pdf","text":"Appendixes 1–4","size":"698 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016–5147 Appendixes 1–4"},{"id":330585,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7445JN8","text":"USGS data release - Water-quality data from four Indian Creek sites, Johnson County, Kansas, July 22-25, 2014 and August 21-27, 2015"},{"id":330579,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5147/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":330580,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5147/sir20165147.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.59 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016–5147"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-94.6075,39.0437],[-94.6075,39.0399],[-94.6082,38.8463],[-94.6084,38.8341],[-94.6102,38.7376],[-95.0572,38.7395],[-95.0558,38.9816],[-95.0477,38.9778],[-95.0383,38.9771],[-95.0312,38.9773],[-95.0292,38.9813],[-95.0271,38.9881],[-95.0249,38.9962],[-95.0189,38.9987],[-95.0135,38.9991],[-95.0077,38.998],[-94.9946,38.9976],[-94.9899,38.997],[-94.9841,38.995],[-94.9789,38.9926],[-94.9755,38.9885],[-94.9704,38.9851],[-94.9645,38.9832],[-94.9575,38.982],[-94.9527,38.9828],[-94.9479,38.9845],[-94.9448,38.9871],[-94.9423,38.9898],[-94.9386,38.9933],[-94.9367,38.9964],[-94.9335,38.9995],[-94.9264,38.9998],[-94.9217,38.9996],[-94.9176,38.9977],[-94.9209,38.9919],[-94.923,38.9856],[-94.9207,38.9837],[-94.9164,38.9859],[-94.9115,38.9889],[-94.9078,38.9924],[-94.9014,39.0022],[-94.8989,39.0053],[-94.8945,39.0102],[-94.8919,39.0155],[-94.891,39.021],[-94.8875,39.0313],[-94.8824,39.0379],[-94.8768,39.0441],[-94.8681,39.052],[-94.8631,39.0564],[-94.8488,39.0578],[-94.8318,39.0546],[-94.8131,39.0486],[-94.8038,39.0456],[-94.7197,39.0435],[-94.6693,39.0433],[-94.6075,39.0437]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Johnson\",\"state\":\"KS\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4821 Quail Crest Place
Lawrence, KS 66049
In the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, disturbances to wetlands that disrupt water-level fluctuations in response to wet–dry climatic conditions have the potential to alter natural vegetative communities in favor of species that proliferate in stable environments, such as cattail (Typha spp.). We evaluated the effect of water-level dynamics during a recent fluctuation in wet–dry conditions on cattail coverage within semipermanently and permanently ponded wetlands situated in watersheds with different land use and amounts of wetland drainage. We found that ponded water depth increase was significantly greater in wetlands where water levels were not near the spill point of the topographic basin, where banks were steeper, and in larger wetlands where past dry conditions had less influence on change in pond area. Proportion of the wetland covered by cattail was negatively correlated with increased water depth, bank slope and pond area. Our observations provide evidence that cattail coverage in prairie wetlands is regulated by water-level fluctuations and that land use surrounding the wetland might have an indirect effect on cattail coverage by altering water-level response to wet–dry climate conditions. For example, drainage of smaller wetlands into larger wetlands that are characterized by more permanent hydroperiods, leads to stabilized water levels near their spill point and is therefore a potential mechanism for increased cattail abundance in the northern prairie region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11273-016-9485-z","usgsCitation":"Wiltermuth, M.T., and Anteau, M.J., 2016, Is consolidation drainage an indirect mechanism for increased abundance of cattail in northern prairie wetlands?: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 24, no. 5, p. 533-544, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-016-9485-z.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"533","endPage":"544","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066549","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.08447265624999,\n 49.023461463214126\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -97.09716796875,\n 48.76343113791796\n ],\n [\n -97.18505859374999,\n 48.42920055556841\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 48.03401915864286\n ],\n [\n -96.94335937499999,\n 47.81315451752768\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 47.56170075451973\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 47.010225655683485\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 46.84516443029276\n ],\n [\n -96.83349609375,\n 46.483264729155586\n ],\n [\n -96.61376953125,\n 46.28622391806706\n ],\n [\n -96.56982421875,\n 45.920587344733654\n ],\n [\n -97.8662109375,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -100.52490234375,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -100.8984375,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -101.162109375,\n 47.100044694025215\n ],\n [\n -101.337890625,\n 47.487513008956554\n ],\n [\n -101.62353515625,\n 47.487513008956554\n ],\n [\n -102.26074218749999,\n 47.5913464767971\n ],\n [\n -102.76611328125,\n 47.82790816919329\n ],\n [\n -103.16162109375,\n 48.09275716032736\n ],\n [\n -103.64501953125,\n 48.21003212234042\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 48.19538740833338\n ],\n [\n -104.08447265624999,\n 49.023461463214126\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5818582de4b0bb36a4c6fa09","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s11273-016-9485-z","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-016-9485-z","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Wiltermuth Mark T., Anteau Michael J.","journalName":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","publicationDate":"3/25/2016","auditedOn":"8/1/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"3/25/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiltermuth, Mark T. 0000-0002-8871-2816 mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-2816","contributorId":708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiltermuth","given":"Mark","email":"mwiltermuth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70177987,"text":"70177987 - 2016 - Differential heating in the Indian Ocean differentially modulates precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T14:37:46","indexId":"70177987","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential heating in the Indian Ocean differentially modulates precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins","docAbstract":"Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature dynamics play a prominent role in Asian summer monsoon variability. Two interactive climate modes of the Indo-Pacific—the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean dipole mode—modulate the amount of precipitation over India, in addition to precipitation over Africa, Indonesia, and Australia. However, this modulation is not spatially uniform. The precipitation in southern India is strongly forced by the Indian Ocean dipole mode and ENSO. In contrast, across northern India, encompassing the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins, the climate mode influence on precipitation is much less. Understanding the forcing of precipitation in these river basins is vital for food security and ecosystem services for over half a billion people. Using 28 years of remote sensing observations, we demonstrate that (i) the tropical west-east differential heating in the Indian Ocean influences the Ganges precipitation and (ii) the north-south differential heating in the Indian Ocean influences the Brahmaputra precipitation. The El Niño phase induces warming in the warm pool of the Indian Ocean and exerts more influence on Ganges precipitation than Brahmaputra precipitation. The analyses indicate that both the magnitude and position of the sea surface temperature anomalies in the Indian Ocean are important drivers for precipitation dynamics that can be effectively summarized using two new indices, one tuned for each basin. These new indices have the potential to aid forecasting of drought and flooding, to contextualize land cover and land use change, and to assess the regional impacts of climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs8110901","usgsCitation":"Pervez, M., and Henebry, G.M., 2016, Differential heating in the Indian Ocean differentially modulates precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins: Remote Sensing, v. 8, no. 11, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110901.","productDescription":"Article 901; 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-080231","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470480,"rank":4,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110901","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438523,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F77P8WH6","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Differential heating in the Indian Ocean differentially modulates precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins"},{"id":330570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337120,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F77P8WH6","text":"Differential heating in the Indian Ocean differentially modulates precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra Basins"}],"otherGeospatial":"Indian Ocean","volume":"8","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5818582de4b0bb36a4c6fa0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pervez, Md Shahriar 0000-0003-3417-1871 spervez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-1871","contributorId":3099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pervez","given":"Md Shahriar","email":"spervez@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":652473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henebry, Geoffrey M.","contributorId":124528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henebry","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5087,"text":"Geographic Information Science Center of Excellence (GIScCE), South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":652474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192472,"text":"70192472 - 2016 - Continental rupture and the creation of new crust in the Salton Trough rift, southern California and northern Mexico: Results from the Salton Seismic Imaging Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T16:55:24","indexId":"70192472","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continental rupture and the creation of new crust in the Salton Trough rift, southern California and northern Mexico: Results from the Salton Seismic Imaging Project","docAbstract":"A refraction and wide-angle reflection seismic profile along the axis of the Salton Trough, California and Mexico, was analyzed to constrain crustal and upper mantle seismic velocity structure during active continental rifting. From the northern Salton Sea to the southern Imperial Valley, the crust is 17-18 km thick and approximately one-dimensional. The transition at depth from Colorado River sediment to underlying crystalline rock is gradual and is not a depositional surface. The crystalline rock from ~3 to ~8 km depth is interpreted as sediment metamorphosed by high heat flow. Deeper felsic crystalline rock could be stretched pre-existing crust or higher grade metamorphosed sediment. The lower crust below ~12 km depth is interpreted to be gabbro emplaced by rift-related magmatic intrusion by underplating. Low upper-mantle velocity indicates high temperature and partial melting. Under the Coachella Valley, sediment thins to the north and the underlying crystalline rock is interpreted as granitic basement. Mafic rock does not exist at 12-18 depth as it does to the south, and a weak reflection suggests Moho at ~28 km depth. Structure in adjacent Mexico has slower mid-crustal velocity and rocks with mantle velocity must be much deeper than in the Imperial Valley. Slower velocity and thicker crust in the Coachella and Mexicali valleys define the rift zone between them to be >100 km wide in the direction of plate motion. North American lithosphere in the central Salton Trough has been rifted apart and is being replaced by new crust created by magmatism, sedimentation, and metamorphism.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016JB013139","usgsCitation":"Han, L., Hole, J.A., Stock, J.M., Fuis, G.S., Kell, A., Driscoll, N.W., Kent, G.M., Rymer, M.J., Gonzalez-Fernandez, A., and Aburto-Oropeza, O., 2016, Continental rupture and the creation of new crust in the Salton Trough rift, southern California and northern Mexico: Results from the Salton Seismic Imaging Project: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 121, no. 10, p. 7469-7489, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013139.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"7469","endPage":"7489","ipdsId":"IP-078823","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jb013139","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.3946533203125,\n 33.815666308702774\n ],\n [\n -115.28503417968751,\n 31.611287945395063\n ],\n [\n -114.14794921875,\n 31.695455797778713\n ],\n [\n -115.15869140624999,\n 32.7503226078097\n ],\n [\n -115.28503417968751,\n 33.31216783738619\n ],\n [\n -116.3946533203125,\n 33.815666308702774\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"121","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e9bce4b09af898c8cc45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Han, Liang","contributorId":49690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"Liang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hole, John A.","contributorId":104801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hole","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stock, Joann M.","contributorId":21057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stock","given":"Joann","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fuis, Gary S. 0000-0002-3078-1544 fuis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-1544","contributorId":2639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"Gary","email":"fuis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kell, Annie","contributorId":68176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kell","given":"Annie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Driscoll, Neal W.","contributorId":63266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kent, Graham M.","contributorId":75819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gonzalez-Fernandez, Antonio","contributorId":84648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez-Fernandez","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Aburto-Oropeza, Octavio","contributorId":91784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aburto-Oropeza","given":"Octavio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70192934,"text":"70192934 - 2016 - Loads of nitrate, phosphorus, and total suspended solids from Indiana watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:11:51","indexId":"70192934","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3159,"text":"Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loads of nitrate, phosphorus, and total suspended solids from Indiana watersheds","docAbstract":"Transport of excess nutrients and total suspended solids (TSS) such as sediment by freshwater systems has led to degradation of aquatic ecosystems around the world. Nutrient and TSS loads from Midwestern states to the Mississippi River are a major contributor to the Gulf of Mexico Hypoxic Zone, an area of very low dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Mexico. To better understand Indiana’s contribution of nutrients and TSS to the Mississippi River, annual loads of nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen, total phosphorus, and TSS were calculated for nine selected watersheds in Indiana using the load estimation model, S-LOADEST. Discrete water-quality samples collected monthly by the Indiana Department of Environmental Management’s Fixed Stations Monitoring Program from 2000–2010 and concurrent discharge data from the U. S. Geological Survey streamflow gages were used to create load models. Annual nutrient and TSS loads varied across Indiana by watershed and hydrologic condition. Understanding the loads from large river sites in Indiana is important for assessing contributions of nutrients and TSS to the Mississippi River Basin and in determining the effectiveness of best management practices in the state. Additionally, evaluation of loads from smaller upstream watersheds is important to characterize improvements at the local level and to identify priorities for reduction.","language":"English","publisher":"Indiana Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"Bunch, A.R., 2016, Loads of nitrate, phosphorus, and total suspended solids from Indiana watersheds: Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, v. 125, p. 137-150.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"150","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-070855","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347652,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.indianaacademyofscience.org/publications/proceedings"}],"volume":"125","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a3be4b063d5d3098102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunch, Aubrey R. 0000-0002-2453-3624 aurbunch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-3624","contributorId":4351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunch","given":"Aubrey","email":"aurbunch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70177930,"text":"sir20105070N - 2016 - Sedimentary exhalative (sedex) zinc-lead-silver deposit model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-31T10:13:43","indexId":"sir20105070N","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-28T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5070","chapter":"N","title":"Sedimentary exhalative (sedex) zinc-lead-silver deposit model","docAbstract":"This report draws on previous syntheses and basic research studies of sedimentary exhalative (sedex) deposits to arrive at the defining criteria, both descriptive and genetic, for sedex-type deposits. Studies of the tectonic, sedimentary, and fluid evolution of modern and ancient sedimentary basins have also been used to select defining criteria. The focus here is on the geologic characteristics of sedex deposit-hosting basins that contain greater than 10 million metric tons of zinc and lead. The enormous size of sedex deposits strongly suggests that basin-scale geologic processes are involved in their formation. It follows that mass balance constraints of basinal processes can provide a conceptual underpinning for the evaluation of potential ore-forming mechanisms and the identification of geologic indicators for ore potential in specific sedimentary basins. Empirical data and a genetic understanding of the physicochemical, geologic, and mass balance conditions required for each of these elements are used to establish a hierarchy of quantifiable geologic criteria that can be used in U.S. Geological Survey national assessments. In addition, this report also provides a comprehensive evaluation of environmental considerations associated with the mining of sedex deposits.
Center Director, USGS Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 973
Denver, CO 80225
http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/
","tableOfContents":"