{"pageNumber":"1069","pageRowStart":"26700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":53688,"text":"ofr02307B - 2002 - Municipal GIS database of El Salvador; Volume 2, Jiquilisco, El Salvador","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr02307B","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-307","chapter":"B","title":"Municipal GIS database of El Salvador; Volume 2, Jiquilisco, El Salvador","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02307B","usgsCitation":"Chirico, P., Hearn, P., Bartolomei, O.R., and Tanner, S., 2002, Municipal GIS database of El Salvador; Volume 2, Jiquilisco, El Salvador (1st edition): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-307, 1 CD-ROM : maps ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02307B.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM : maps ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"1st edition","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698af4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hearn, P.P.","contributorId":18380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"P.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartolomei, Ovidio Rivero","contributorId":102134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartolomei","given":"Ovidio","email":"","middleInitial":"Rivero","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tanner, S.D.","contributorId":37810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":69671,"text":"mf2403 - 2002 - Geologic map and map database of northeastern San Francisco Bay region, California: Most of Solano County and parts of Napa, Marin, Contra Costa, San Joaquin, Sacramento, Yolo, and Sonoma Counties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-21T15:52:23.07907","indexId":"mf2403","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2403","title":"Geologic map and map database of northeastern San Francisco Bay region, California: Most of Solano County and parts of Napa, Marin, Contra Costa, San Joaquin, Sacramento, Yolo, and Sonoma Counties","docAbstract":"This digital map database, compiled from previously published and unpublished data, and new mapping by the authors, represents the general distribution of bedrock and surficial deposits in the mapped area.  Together with the accompanying text file (nesfmf.ps, nesfmf.pdf, nesfmf.txt), it provides current information on the geologic structure and stratigraphy of the area covered.  The database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey.  The scale of the source maps limits the spatial resolution (scale) of the database to 1:62,500 or smaller.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf2403","usgsCitation":"Graymer, R.W., Jones, D.L., and Brabb, E.E., 2002, Geologic map and map database of northeastern San Francisco Bay region, California: Most of Solano County and parts of Napa, Marin, Contra Costa, San Joaquin, Sacramento, Yolo, and Sonoma Counties (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2403, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2403.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6340,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2403/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110377,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54147.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"54147"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Contra Costa County, Napa County, Marin County, Sacramento County, San Joaquin County, Solano County, Sonoma County, Yolo County","otherGeospatial":"northeastern San Francisco Bay region","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,38 ], [ -122.5,38.75 ], [ -121.5,38.75 ], [ -121.5,38 ], [ -122.5,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4974","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graymer, Russell Walter","contributorId":95759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graymer","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"Walter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, David Lawrence","contributorId":11580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Lawrence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brabb, Earl E.","contributorId":48939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabb","given":"Earl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":50487,"text":"ofr0293 - 2002 - Volatile organic compound and pesticide data in public water-supply reservoirs and wells, Texas, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-22T17:18:31","indexId":"ofr0293","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-93","title":"Volatile organic compound and pesticide data in public water-supply reservoirs and wells, Texas, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"<p>To provide data for the Texas Source-Water Assessment and Protection Program, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a synoptic survey of 48 public water-supply reservoirs and 174 public water-supply wells during 1999–2001. The surface-water samples were analyzed for volatile organic compounds and soluble pesticides. The ground-water samples were analyzed for volatile organic compounds and soluble pesticides, as well as nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen and tritium. </p><p>One or more volatile organic compounds were detected in 75 percent of the reservoirs and in 9 percent of the wells. Methyl <i>tert</i>-butyl ether was detected most frequently in reservoirs, and toluene was detected most frequently in wells. One or more pesticides were detected in 96 percent of the reservoirs and in 33 percent of the wells. Atrazine or its breakdown product deethylatrazine was the most frequently detected pesticide. </p><p>Volatile organic compounds and pesticides were not detected at concentrations exceeding the maximum contaminant level allowed in drinking water. The only constituent sampled for that exceeded its maximum contaminant level (10 milligrams per liter) was nitrate nitrogen (in 8 percent of the 174 wells).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0293","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission ","usgsCitation":"Mahler, B., Gary, M., Canova, M., Strom, E.W., Fahlquist, L., and Dorsey, M.E., 2002, Volatile organic compound and pesticide data in public water-supply reservoirs and wells, Texas, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-93, HTML Document; Report: iii, 105 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0293.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: iii, 105 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4296,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02-093/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":178351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338135,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-093/pdf/ofr02-093.pdf","text":"Report","size":"770 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-97.240849,26.411504],[-97.276425,26.521729],[-97.31073,26.556558],[-97.345822,26.700589],[-97.370438,26.723896],[-97.368343,26.795649],[-97.387459,26.820789],[-97.390078,27.156512],[-97.359963,27.304732],[-97.361796,27.359988],[-97.317277,27.46369],[-97.236882,27.598293],[-97.231383,27.632336],[-97.214099,27.631551],[-97.200743,27.650144],[-97.203474,27.684533],[-97.103326,27.789068],[-97.098874,27.82285],[-97.134489,27.825206],[-97.056713,27.842294],[-96.985745,27.954048],[-96.967807,28.020041],[-96.952618,28.01644],[-96.906004,28.076147],[-96.886233,28.084396],[-96.879424,28.131402],[-96.84538,28.108881],[-96.83003,28.111842],[-96.81042,28.126034],[-96.816443,28.174808],[-96.791958,28.188687],[-96.703838,28.198246],[-96.702659,28.211208],[-96.662462,28.227314],[-96.651856,28.251275],[-96.592934,28.296972],[-96.450998,28.337039],[-96.403206,28.371475],[-96.397846,28.343513],[-96.4137,28.327343],[-96.547774,28.270798],[-96.694666,28.18212],[-96.849624,28.064939],[-96.966996,27.950531],[-97.166682,27.676583],[-97.30447,27.407734],[-97.350398,27.268105],[-97.370941,27.161166],[-97.37913,27.047996],[-97.370731,26.909706],[-97.333028,26.736479],[-97.194644,26.306513],[-97.154271,26.066841],[-97.169842,26.077853],[-97.194458,26.27164],[-97.240849,26.411504]]],[[[-94.886539,29.510724],[-94.894747,29.52697],[-94.87675,29.507922],[-94.886539,29.510724]]],[[[-97.868235,26.056656],[-97.88653,26.066339],[-97.967358,26.051718],[-97.981335,26.067182],[-98.028759,26.06647],[-98.039239,26.041275],[-98.070021,26.047992],[-98.084755,26.070808],[-98.091038,26.059169],[-98.105505,26.067537],[-98.146622,26.049412],[-98.177897,26.074672],[-98.197046,26.056153],[-98.220673,26.076467],[-98.248806,26.073101],[-98.264514,26.085507],[-98.277218,26.098802],[-98.265698,26.12037],[-98.296195,26.120321],[-98.302979,26.11005],[-98.323828,26.121249],[-98.336837,26.166432],[-98.354645,26.15304],[-98.386694,26.157872],[-98.404433,26.182564],[-98.442536,26.199151],[-98.450976,26.219904],[-98.496684,26.212853],[-98.543852,26.234492],[-98.576188,26.235221],[-98.599154,26.257612],[-98.669397,26.23632],[-98.681167,26.26271],[-98.745272,26.303096],[-98.755242,26.3251],[-98.789822,26.331575],[-98.807348,26.369421],[-98.890965,26.357569],[-98.921277,26.381426],[-98.950186,26.380303],[-98.967587,26.398266],[-99.008003,26.395459],[-99.032316,26.412082],[-99.082002,26.39651],[-99.110855,26.426278],[-99.091635,26.476977],[-99.127782,26.525199],[-99.166742,26.536079],[-99.178064,26.620547],[-99.209948,26.693938],[-99.208907,26.724761],[-99.240023,26.745851],[-99.242444,26.788262],[-99.268613,26.843213],[-99.295146,26.86544],[-99.316753,26.865831],[-99.3289,26.879761],[-99.324684,26.915973],[-99.379149,26.93449],[-99.393748,26.96073],[-99.377312,26.973819],[-99.415476,27.01724],[-99.42938,27.010833],[-99.446524,27.023008],[-99.452316,27.062669],[-99.429209,27.090982],[-99.442123,27.106839],[-99.426348,27.176262],[-99.441549,27.24992],[-99.463309,27.268437],[-99.492407,27.264118],[-99.494604,27.303542],[-99.536443,27.312538],[-99.504837,27.338289],[-99.487521,27.412396],[-99.495104,27.451518],[-99.480419,27.481596],[-99.497519,27.500496],[-99.52582,27.496696],[-99.515978,27.572131],[-99.55495,27.614454],[-99.580006,27.602251],[-99.578099,27.619196],[-99.594038,27.638573],[-99.638929,27.626758],[-99.665948,27.635968],[-99.668942,27.659974],[-99.711511,27.658365],[-99.77074,27.732134],[-99.796342,27.735586],[-99.813086,27.773952],[-99.835127,27.762881],[-99.850877,27.793974],[-99.877677,27.799427],[-99.876003,27.837968],[-99.904385,27.875284],[-99.895828,27.904178],[-99.937142,27.940537],[-99.931812,27.980967],[-99.991447,27.99456],[-100.017914,28.064787],[-100.053123,28.08473],[-100.083393,28.144035],[-100.208059,28.190383],[-100.22363,28.235224],[-100.2462,28.234092],[-100.289384,28.273491],[-100.286471,28.312296],[-100.341869,28.384953],[-100.349586,28.402604],[-100.337797,28.44296],[-100.368288,28.477196],[-100.333814,28.499252],[-100.38886,28.515748],[-100.411414,28.551899],[-100.398385,28.584884],[-100.44732,28.609325],[-100.445529,28.637144],[-100.495863,28.658569],[-100.510055,28.690723],[-100.507613,28.740599],[-100.533017,28.76328],[-100.53583,28.805888],[-100.547324,28.825817],[-100.57051,28.826317],[-100.602054,28.901944],[-100.640568,28.914212],[-100.651512,28.943432],[-100.645894,28.986421],[-100.674656,29.099777],[-100.772649,29.168492],[-100.767059,29.195287],[-100.785521,29.228137],[-100.795681,29.22773],[-100.797671,29.246943],[-100.876049,29.279585],[-100.886842,29.307848],[-100.948972,29.347246],[-101.004207,29.364772],[-101.060151,29.458661],[-101.151877,29.477005],[-101.173821,29.514566],[-101.254895,29.520342],[-101.242023,29.592512],[-101.259127,29.607284],[-101.307332,29.587847],[-101.311219,29.648491],[-101.361756,29.657821],[-101.415402,29.756561],[-101.441059,29.753451],[-101.475269,29.780663],[-101.522695,29.759671],[-101.546797,29.796991],[-101.582562,29.771334],[-101.625958,29.771063],[-101.646418,29.754304],[-101.662453,29.77128],[-101.706636,29.762737],[-101.852604,29.801895],[-101.922585,29.790161],[-101.974548,29.810276],[-101.987539,29.801057],[-102.034759,29.804028],[-102.050044,29.78507],[-102.115682,29.79239],[-102.159601,29.814356],[-102.181894,29.846034],[-102.227553,29.843534],[-102.315389,29.87992],[-102.364542,29.845387],[-102.386678,29.76688],[-102.508313,29.783219],[-102.513381,29.76576],[-102.539417,29.751629],[-102.559343,29.760377],[-102.630151,29.734315],[-102.670971,29.741954],[-102.698347,29.695591],[-102.693466,29.676507],[-102.742031,29.632142],[-102.739991,29.599041],[-102.768341,29.594734],[-102.771429,29.548546],[-102.808692,29.522319],[-102.807327,29.494009],[-102.832539,29.433109],[-102.824564,29.399558],[-102.843021,29.357988],[-102.879534,29.353327],[-102.888328,29.291947],[-102.906296,29.260011],[-102.871347,29.241625],[-102.866846,29.225015],[-102.890064,29.208814],[-102.915866,29.215878],[-102.917805,29.190697],[-102.944911,29.18882],[-102.953475,29.176308],[-102.989432,29.183174],[-103.015028,29.12577],[-103.035683,29.103029],[-103.074407,29.088534],[-103.100266,29.0577],[-103.113922,28.988547],[-103.156646,28.972831],[-103.227801,28.991532],[-103.239109,28.981651],[-103.260308,28.989731],[-103.28119,28.982138],[-103.341463,29.041224],[-103.355428,29.021529],[-103.427754,29.042334],[-103.471265,29.073115],[-103.503236,29.11911],[-103.524613,29.120998],[-103.523384,29.133389],[-103.558679,29.154962],[-103.645635,29.159286],[-103.71377,29.185008],[-103.816642,29.270927],[-103.975235,29.296017],[-104.038282,29.320156],[-104.106467,29.373127],[-104.166563,29.399352],[-104.233487,29.492734],[-104.318074,29.527938],[-104.334811,29.519463],[-104.381041,29.543406],[-104.399591,29.572319],[-104.507568,29.639624],[-104.539761,29.676074],[-104.565688,29.770462],[-104.679772,29.924659],[-104.679661,29.975272],[-104.706874,30.050685],[-104.685003,30.085643],[-104.695366,30.13213],[-104.687296,30.179464],[-104.713166,30.237957],[-104.733822,30.261221],[-104.749664,30.26126],[-104.761634,30.301148],[-104.809794,30.334926],[-104.824314,30.370466],[-104.859521,30.390413],[-104.85242,30.418792],[-104.876787,30.511004],[-104.924796,30.604832],[-104.967167,30.608107],[-105.002057,30.680972],[-105.062334,30.686303],[-105.113816,30.746001],[-105.152362,30.751452],[-105.195144,30.792138],[-105.255416,30.797029],[-105.287238,30.822206],[-105.314863,30.816961],[-105.360672,30.847384],[-105.394242,30.852979],[-105.399609,30.888941],[-105.533088,30.984859],[-105.55743,30.990229],[-105.60333,31.082625],[-105.64189,31.098322],[-105.646731,31.113908],[-105.709491,31.136375],[-105.742678,31.164897],[-105.773257,31.166897],[-105.779725,31.191283],[-105.869353,31.288634],[-105.938452,31.318735],[-105.953943,31.364749],[-106.004926,31.392458],[-106.080258,31.398702],[-106.203969,31.465378],[-106.246203,31.541153],[-106.280811,31.562062],[-106.303536,31.620413],[-106.378039,31.72831],[-106.451541,31.764808],[-106.484642,31.747809],[-106.542097,31.802146],[-106.602727,31.825024],[-106.605845,31.846305],[-106.635926,31.866235],[-106.629197,31.883717],[-106.645296,31.894859],[-106.614346,31.918003],[-106.623933,31.925335],[-106.614702,31.956],[-106.622819,31.952891],[-106.618745,31.966955],[-106.638186,31.97682],[-106.618486,32.000495],[-103.064423,32.000518],[-103.064625,32.999899],[-103.043531,34.018014],[-103.041924,36.500439],[-100.003762,36.499699],[-100.000381,34.560509],[-99.929334,34.576714],[-99.825325,34.497596],[-99.754248,34.421289],[-99.696462,34.381036],[-99.665992,34.374185],[-99.600026,34.374688],[-99.569696,34.418418],[-99.499875,34.409608],[-99.430995,34.373414],[-99.399603,34.375079],[-99.394956,34.442099],[-99.381011,34.456936],[-99.358795,34.455863],[-99.318363,34.408296],[-99.289922,34.414731],[-99.264167,34.405149],[-99.25898,34.391243],[-99.273958,34.38756],[-99.242945,34.372668],[-99.233274,34.344101],[-99.210716,34.336304],[-99.211648,34.292232],[-99.19457,34.272424],[-99.189511,34.214312],[-99.159016,34.20888],[-99.130609,34.219408],[-99.126567,34.203004],[-99.079535,34.211518],[-99.048792,34.198209],[-99.013075,34.203222],[-98.990852,34.221633],[-98.974132,34.203566],[-98.952513,34.21265],[-98.909349,34.177499],[-98.872922,34.166584],[-98.868116,34.149635],[-98.8579,34.159627],[-98.812954,34.158444],[-98.749291,34.124238],[-98.735471,34.135208],[-98.696518,34.133521],[-98.648073,34.164441],[-98.603978,34.160249],[-98.577136,34.148962],[-98.486328,34.062598],[-98.414426,34.085074],[-98.384381,34.146317],[-98.367494,34.156191],[-98.16912,34.114171],[-98.114506,34.154727],[-98.09066,34.12198],[-98.120208,34.072127],[-98.099096,34.048639],[-98.104022,34.036233],[-98.088203,34.005481],[-98.027672,33.993357],[-97.978243,34.005387],[-97.947572,33.991053],[-97.974173,33.942832],[-97.955511,33.938186],[-97.957155,33.914454],[-97.983552,33.904002],[-97.967777,33.88243],[-97.877387,33.850236],[-97.834333,33.857671],[-97.784657,33.890632],[-97.783717,33.91056],[-97.76377,33.914241],[-97.762768,33.934396],[-97.725289,33.941045],[-97.69311,33.983699],[-97.671772,33.99137],[-97.589598,33.953554],[-97.589254,33.903922],[-97.551541,33.897947],[-97.50096,33.919643],[-97.460376,33.903948],[-97.451469,33.87093],[-97.462857,33.841772],[-97.426493,33.819398],[-97.365507,33.823763],[-97.33294,33.87444],[-97.315913,33.865838],[-97.299245,33.880175],[-97.256625,33.863286],[-97.24618,33.900344],[-97.210921,33.916064],[-97.179609,33.89225],[-97.166629,33.847311],[-97.203514,33.821825],[-97.205431,33.801488],[-97.172192,33.737545],[-97.126102,33.716941],[-97.086195,33.743933],[-97.087999,33.808747],[-97.058623,33.818752],[-97.052209,33.841737],[-97.023899,33.844213],[-96.985567,33.886522],[-96.996183,33.941728],[-96.979415,33.956178],[-96.973807,33.935697],[-96.9163,33.957798],[-96.875281,33.860505],[-96.85609,33.84749],[-96.837413,33.871349],[-96.794276,33.868886],[-96.761588,33.824406],[-96.704457,33.835021],[-96.667187,33.91694],[-96.630117,33.895422],[-96.592948,33.895616],[-96.590112,33.880665],[-96.625399,33.856542],[-96.623155,33.841483],[-96.572937,33.819098],[-96.523863,33.818114],[-96.502286,33.77346],[-96.422643,33.776041],[-96.348306,33.686379],[-96.309964,33.710489],[-96.294867,33.764771],[-96.277269,33.769735],[-96.220521,33.74739],[-96.178059,33.760518],[-96.162757,33.788769],[-96.178964,33.810553],[-96.150765,33.816987],[-96.15163,33.831946],[-96.138905,33.839159],[-96.09936,33.83047],[-96.101349,33.845721],[-96.005296,33.845505],[-95.991487,33.866869],[-95.951609,33.857017],[-95.936132,33.886826],[-95.831948,33.835161],[-95.821666,33.856633],[-95.805149,33.861304],[-95.776255,33.845145],[-95.75431,33.853992],[-95.761916,33.883402],[-95.747335,33.895756],[-95.696962,33.885218],[-95.669978,33.905844],[-95.636978,33.906613],[-95.599678,33.934247],[-95.556915,33.92702],[-95.545197,33.880294],[-95.515302,33.891142],[-95.492028,33.874822],[-95.461499,33.883686],[-95.464211,33.873372],[-95.44737,33.86885],[-95.339122,33.868873],[-95.334523,33.885788],[-95.283445,33.877746],[-95.280351,33.896751],[-95.255747,33.902939],[-95.252906,33.933648],[-95.219358,33.961567],[-95.121184,33.931307],[-95.093929,33.895963],[-95.061065,33.895292],[-95.049025,33.86409],[-95.008376,33.866089],[-94.983303,33.851354],[-94.976208,33.859847],[-94.948716,33.818023],[-94.91945,33.810176],[-94.919614,33.786305],[-94.879218,33.764912],[-94.8693,33.745871],[-94.830804,33.740068],[-94.817427,33.752172],[-94.798634,33.744527],[-94.775064,33.755038],[-94.762961,33.731787],[-94.742576,33.727009],[-94.732384,33.700254],[-94.714865,33.707261],[-94.710725,33.691654],[-94.684792,33.684353],[-94.659167,33.692138],[-94.646113,33.6693],[-94.57962,33.677623],[-94.520725,33.616567],[-94.491503,33.625115],[-94.485875,33.637867],[-94.448637,33.642766],[-94.468086,33.599436],[-94.430039,33.591124],[-94.413155,33.569368],[-94.378076,33.577019],[-94.397398,33.562314],[-94.389515,33.546778],[-94.355945,33.54318],[-94.345513,33.567313],[-94.309582,33.551673],[-94.289129,33.582144],[-94.280849,33.577187],[-94.290901,33.558872],[-94.27909,33.557026],[-94.245932,33.589114],[-94.237975,33.577757],[-94.250197,33.556765],[-94.226392,33.552912],[-94.205634,33.567229],[-94.193248,33.556154],[-94.192483,33.570425],[-94.217408,33.57926],[-94.183913,33.594682],[-94.152626,33.575923],[-94.146048,33.581975],[-94.14852,33.565678],[-94.136864,33.571],[-94.128658,33.550952],[-94.088943,33.575322],[-94.061283,33.568805],[-94.055663,33.561887],[-94.073744,33.558285],[-94.06548,33.550909],[-94.04604,33.551321],[-94.04272,31.999265],[-94.018664,31.990843],[-93.971712,31.920384],[-93.923929,31.88985],[-93.904766,31.890599],[-93.874761,31.821661],[-93.827451,31.777741],[-93.830647,31.745811],[-93.802694,31.697783],[-93.826462,31.666919],[-93.816838,31.622509],[-93.838057,31.606795],[-93.834924,31.586211],[-93.798087,31.534044],[-93.743376,31.525196],[-93.725925,31.504092],[-93.74987,31.475276],[-93.70093,31.437784],[-93.704879,31.410881],[-93.674117,31.397681],[-93.665052,31.363886],[-93.687851,31.309835],[-93.642516,31.269508],[-93.620343,31.271025],[-93.598828,31.174679],[-93.588503,31.165581],[-93.535097,31.185614],[-93.551693,31.097258],[-93.52301,31.065241],[-93.516943,31.032584],[-93.539526,31.008498],[-93.566017,31.004567],[-93.571906,30.987614],[-93.526245,30.939411],[-93.567788,30.888302],[-93.554057,30.824941],[-93.561666,30.807739],[-93.584265,30.796663],[-93.592828,30.763986],[-93.619129,30.742002],[-93.611192,30.718053],[-93.629904,30.67994],[-93.6831,30.640763],[-93.684329,30.592586],[-93.727844,30.57407],[-93.729195,30.544842],[-93.740253,30.539569],[-93.714322,30.518562],[-93.697828,30.443838],[-93.757654,30.390423],[-93.765822,30.333318],[-93.708645,30.288317],[-93.705083,30.242752],[-93.720946,30.209852],[-93.688212,30.141376],[-93.701252,30.137376],[-93.702436,30.112721],[-93.732485,30.088914],[-93.70082,30.056274],[-93.720805,30.053043],[-93.739734,30.023987],[-93.786935,29.99058],[-93.838374,29.882855],[-93.927992,29.80964],[-93.926504,29.78956],[-93.89847,29.771577],[-93.891637,29.744618],[-93.873941,29.73777],[-93.837971,29.690619],[-93.866981,29.673085],[-94.001406,29.681486],[-94.132577,29.646217],[-94.594853,29.467903],[-94.694158,29.415632],[-94.731047,29.369141],[-94.778691,29.361483],[-94.783131,29.375642],[-94.766848,29.393489],[-94.6724,29.476843],[-94.608557,29.483345],[-94.566674,29.531988],[-94.532348,29.5178],[-94.495025,29.525031],[-94.503429,29.54325],[-94.522421,29.545672],[-94.553988,29.573882],[-94.740699,29.525858],[-94.783296,29.535314],[-94.78954,29.546494],[-94.755237,29.562782],[-94.708741,29.625226],[-94.693154,29.694453],[-94.695317,29.723052],[-94.735271,29.785433],[-94.816085,29.75671],[-94.851108,29.721373],[-94.872551,29.67125],[-94.893107,29.661336],[-94.915413,29.656614],[-94.936089,29.692704],[-94.965963,29.70033],[-95.015636,29.639457],[-94.982936,29.60167],[-95.016889,29.548303],[-94.981916,29.511141],[-94.909898,29.49691],[-94.930861,29.450504],[-94.8908,29.433432],[-94.893994,29.30817],[-94.921593,29.281556],[-94.952526,29.290122],[-95.099101,29.173529],[-95.151925,29.151162],[-95.16525,29.113566],[-95.136221,29.084537],[-94.879239,29.285839],[-94.824953,29.306005],[-94.822307,29.344254],[-94.810696,29.353435],[-94.784895,29.335535],[-94.72253,29.331446],[-95.081773,29.111222],[-95.38239,28.866348],[-95.439594,28.859022],[-95.812504,28.664942],[-96.220376,28.491966],[-96.378616,28.383909],[-96.37596,28.401682],[-96.335119,28.437795],[-96.223825,28.495067],[-96.21505,28.509679],[-95.98616,28.606319],[-95.978526,28.650594],[-95.996338,28.658736],[-96.006516,28.648049],[-96.047737,28.649067],[-96.221784,28.580364],[-96.233998,28.596649],[-96.212624,28.622604],[-96.230944,28.641433],[-96.192267,28.687744],[-96.19583,28.69894],[-96.222802,28.698431],[-96.287942,28.683164],[-96.304227,28.671459],[-96.303718,28.644996],[-96.373439,28.626675],[-96.487943,28.569677],[-96.485907,28.607845],[-96.510844,28.61497],[-96.499648,28.635835],[-96.563262,28.644487],[-96.572931,28.667897],[-96.561226,28.696395],[-96.584091,28.722798],[-96.664534,28.696904],[-96.61059,28.638889],[-96.61975,28.627693],[-96.611099,28.585962],[-96.565297,28.5824],[-96.561226,28.570695],[-96.526111,28.557972],[-96.505755,28.525911],[-96.402446,28.449066],[-96.59176,28.357462],[-96.672677,28.335579],[-96.705247,28.348811],[-96.710336,28.406827],[-96.772209,28.408074],[-96.794554,28.365688],[-96.791761,28.31217],[-96.809573,28.290287],[-96.787181,28.255681],[-96.800413,28.224128],[-96.934765,28.123873],[-96.962755,28.123365],[-97.027014,28.148408],[-97.021303,28.1841],[-97.037008,28.185528],[-97.153601,28.13318],[-97.214039,28.087494],[-97.21535,28.076575],[-97.176444,28.059892],[-97.137421,28.057037],[-97.025693,28.11216],[-97.035528,28.084688],[-97.025859,28.041939],[-97.129168,27.919801],[-97.186709,27.825453],[-97.219738,27.823939],[-97.250797,27.876035],[-97.272253,27.881427],[-97.379042,27.837867],[-97.393291,27.782905],[-97.368355,27.741683],[-97.316446,27.712676],[-97.253955,27.696696],[-97.296598,27.613947],[-97.294054,27.5941],[-97.321535,27.571199],[-97.401942,27.335574],[-97.508304,27.275014],[-97.532223,27.278577],[-97.544437,27.284175],[-97.498126,27.308602],[-97.502706,27.322343],[-97.483877,27.338628],[-97.48693,27.358984],[-97.501688,27.366618],[-97.609068,27.285193],[-97.63146,27.28621],[-97.640111,27.270943],[-97.628916,27.242953],[-97.54291,27.229213],[-97.42408,27.264073],[-97.443673,27.116235],[-97.45665,27.099695],[-97.495836,27.094098],[-97.477515,27.066108],[-97.48693,27.057711],[-97.486676,27.03481],[-97.473444,27.02285],[-97.478533,26.999186],[-97.555378,26.99028],[-97.555378,26.93888],[-97.540874,26.90631],[-97.563266,26.842188],[-97.509831,26.803511],[-97.468609,26.740915],[-97.445708,26.609362],[-97.416955,26.553637],[-97.441383,26.455418],[-97.41721,26.44982],[-97.42179,26.417249],[-97.382485,26.411326],[-97.369627,26.394603],[-97.388965,26.36585],[-97.387947,26.330481],[-97.358176,26.356435],[-97.335275,26.355672],[-97.336802,26.331753],[-97.352833,26.318521],[-97.343927,26.267376],[-97.311866,26.273737],[-97.307031,26.253126],[-97.32128,26.236078],[-97.296598,26.200709],[-97.306776,26.159487],[-97.282094,26.120301],[-97.294054,26.11394],[-97.270898,26.086459],[-97.199651,26.077044],[-97.195071,26.04193],[-97.224842,26.027426],[-97.219244,25.996128],[-97.208557,25.991802],[-97.167208,26.007069],[-97.162628,26.023482],[-97.18273,26.053126],[-97.152009,26.062108],[-97.146294,25.955606],[-97.276707,25.952147],[-97.277163,25.935438],[-97.350398,25.925241],[-97.37443,25.907444],[-97.360082,25.868874],[-97.372864,25.840117],[-97.422636,25.840378],[-97.445113,25.850026],[-97.454727,25.879337],[-97.521762,25.886458],[-97.546421,25.934077],[-97.582565,25.937857],[-97.583044,25.955443],[-97.598043,25.957556],[-97.643708,26.016943],[-97.758838,26.032131],[-97.789823,26.04246],[-97.801344,26.060017],[-97.868235,26.056656]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Texas\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd9e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gary, M.O.","contributorId":12917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gary","given":"M.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Canova, M.G.","contributorId":91926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canova","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Strom, Eric W. ewstrom@usgs.gov","contributorId":337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"Eric","email":"ewstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fahlquist, Lynne","contributorId":8810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahlquist","given":"Lynne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dorsey, Michael E.","contributorId":101739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":69583,"text":"i2738 - 2002 - Geologic and aeromagnetic maps of the Fossil Ridge area and vicinity, Gunnison County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:32","indexId":"i2738","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2738","title":"Geologic and aeromagnetic maps of the Fossil Ridge area and vicinity, Gunnison County, Colorado","docAbstract":"This data set includes a GIS geologic map database \r\nof an Early Proterozoic metavolcanic and metasedimentary terrane \r\nextensively intruded by Early and Middle Proterozoic granitic \r\nplutons.  Laramide to Tertiary deformation and intrusion of \r\n\r\nfelsic plutons have created numerous small mineral deposits that \r\nare described in the tables and are shown on the figures in the \r\naccompanying text pamphlet. Also included in the pamphlet are \r\nnumerous chemical analyses of igneous and meta-igneous bodies of \r\nall ages in tables and in summary geochemical diagrams. The text \r\npamphlet also contains a detailed description of map units and \r\ndiscussions of the aeromagnetic survey, igneous and metmorphic \r\nrocks, and mineral deposits. The printed map sheet and browse \r\ngraphic pdf file include the aeromagnetic map of the study area, \r\nas well as figures and photographs.\r\n    Purpose:\r\n      This GIS geologic map database is provided to facilitate \r\nthe presentation and analysis of earth-science data for this \r\nregion of Colorado.  This digital map database may be displayed \r\nat any scale or projection.  However, the geologic data in this \r\ncoverage are not intended for use at a scale other than 1:30,000. \r\nSupplemental useful data accompanying the database are extensive \r\ngeochemical and mineral deposits data, as well as an aeromagnetic \r\nmap.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2738","isbn":"0607959509","usgsCitation":"DeWitt, E., Zech, R.S., Chase, C., Zartman, R., Kucks, R., Bartelson, B., Rosenlund, G., and Earley, D., 2002, Geologic and aeromagnetic maps of the Fossil Ridge area and vicinity, Gunnison County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2738, 1 map : col. ; 77 x 85 cm., on sheet 101 x 137 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. + 1 pamphlet (42 p. ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2738.","productDescription":"1 map : col. ; 77 x 85 cm., on sheet 101 x 137 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. + 1 pamphlet (42 p. ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110396,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54509.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"54509"},{"id":193139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6212,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i-2738/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"30000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.75,38.416666666666664 ], [ -106.75,38.784166666666664 ], [ -106.45083333333334,38.784166666666664 ], [ -106.45083333333334,38.416666666666664 ], [ -106.75,38.416666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a829a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWitt, Ed","contributorId":65081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zech, R. S.","contributorId":51289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zech","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chase, C.G.","contributorId":102965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kucks, R.P.","contributorId":53758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kucks","given":"R.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bartelson, Bruce","contributorId":31845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartelson","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rosenlund, G.C.","contributorId":26014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenlund","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Earley, Drummond III","contributorId":49880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earley","given":"Drummond","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":44638,"text":"wri014249 - 2002 - Comparisons of water quality during various streamflow conditions in five streams in northern New Jersey, 1982-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-29T11:10:35","indexId":"wri014249","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4249","title":"Comparisons of water quality during various streamflow conditions in five streams in northern New Jersey, 1982-97","docAbstract":"<p>Relations between water-quality and flow characteristics and the relative importance of constant (point sources and ground-water discharge) and intermittent (nonpoint storm runoff) sources were determined for eight water-quality stations located on the Flat Brook and the Delaware, Musconetcong, Whippany, and Saddle Rivers. Water-quality and streamflow data were categorized on the basis of streamflow at the time of sample collection. Differences in concentrations and yields of selected water-quality constituents, including nutrients and bacteria, (1) among the stations during eight streamflow conditions and (2) at each station (a) between base flow and stormflow; (b) among before, during, and after a storm; and (c) among low, medium, and high flows were determined and related to the predominant type(s) of land development in the areas contributing drainage. At the station on the Delaware River, yields of fecal-coliform bacteria were affected more by contributions from storm runoff than by contributions from point sources and ground-water discharges; yields during a storm [7.0 x 108 (MPN/d)mi2 (most probable number per day per square mile)] were greater than yields during base flow (3.7 x 108 (MPN/d)mi2). Yields of nitrate plus nitrite, alkalinity, and chloride were affected more by contributions from point sources and ground-water discharges than by contributions from storm runoff; yields of these constituents were not significantly different during base flows and stormflows. At the Flat Brook and Whippany River stations, yields of most water-quality constituents were affected more by contributions from storm runoff than by contributions from point sources and ground-water discharge. For example, yields of nitrate plus nitrite were greater during stormflow (1.20 (lb/d)/mi2 (pounds per day per square mile) and 15.88 (lb/d)/mi2, respectively) than during base flow (0.26 (lb/d)/mi2 and 8.20 (lb/d)/mi2, respectively). At the Musconetcong River station, yields of total nitrogen, alkalinity, and chloride were affected more by contributions from storm runoff than by contributions from point sources and ground-water discharge. At three of the four water-quality stations on the Musconetcong River, yields of total phosphorus and bacteria were affected less by contributions from storm runoff than by contributions from point sources and ground-water discharge. At the Saddle River station, yields of alkalinity and chloride were affected more by contributions from storm runoff than by contributions from point sources and ground-water discharge; for example, yields of chloride during stormflows (707 (lb/d)/mi2) were greater than during base flows (401 (lb/d)/mi2). Yields of total phosphorus were affected less by contributions from storm runoff than by contributions from point sources and ground-water discharge; yields during base flows (4.00 (lb/d)/mi2) and stormflows (4.67 (lb/d)/mi2) were similar. Concentrations and yields of total phosphorus and nitrogen, and nitrate plus nitrite were strongly related to the amount of development in each drainage basin. At stations on the Saddle and Whippany Rivers, which drain areas with substantial development, concentrations and yields for all streamflow categories were higher than at stations on the Flat Brook and Delaware River, which drain areas with little development. Results of the Tukey test indicate that there are significant differences in total phosphorus concentrations at Saddle River and Flat Brook during base flows (0.77 mg/L (milligrams per liter) and 0.02 mg/L, respectively) and stormflows (0.42 mg/L and 0.02 mg/L, respectively).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"West Trenton, NJ","doi":"10.3133/wri014249","usgsCitation":"Hunchak-Kariouk, K., 2002, Comparisons of water quality during various streamflow conditions in five streams in northern New Jersey, 1982-97: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4249, v, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014249.","productDescription":"v, 40 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri014249.PNG"},{"id":3728,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4249/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.0640869140625,\n              40.42395127765169\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.2510986328125,\n              40.486648520560806\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.89678955078125,\n              41.00270266805319\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.696044921875,\n              41.35619553438905\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.13824462890625,\n              40.9840449469281\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.05035400390625,\n              40.865756786006806\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.1959228515625,\n              40.7701418259051\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.201416015625,\n              40.57224011776902\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.15472412109375,\n              40.56806745430726\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.07232666015625,\n              40.54511315470123\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.07232666015625,\n              40.45948689837198\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.0640869140625,\n              40.42395127765169\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa5e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunchak-Kariouk, Kathryn","contributorId":41448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunchak-Kariouk","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44606,"text":"wri20024141 - 2002 - Results of Hydraulic Tests in Miocene Tuffaceous Rocks at the C-Hole Complex, 1995 to 1997, Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:10","indexId":"wri20024141","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4141","title":"Results of Hydraulic Tests in Miocene Tuffaceous Rocks at the C-Hole Complex, 1995 to 1997, Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Four hydraulic tests were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey at the C-hole complex at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, between May 1995 and November 1997. These tests were conducted as part of ongoing investigations to determine the hydrologic and geologic suitability of Yucca Mountain as a potential site for permanent underground storage of high-level nuclear waste. \r\n\r\nThe C-hole complex consists of three 900-meter-deep boreholes that are 30.4 to 76.6 meters apart. The C-holes are completed in fractured, variably welded tuffaceous rocks of Miocene age. Six hydrogeologic intervals occur within the saturated zone in these boreholes - the Calico Hills, Prow Pass, Upper Bullfrog, Lower Bullfrog, Upper Tram, and Lower Tram intervals. The Lower Bullfrog and Upper Tram intervals contributed about 90 percent of the flow during hydraulic tests. \r\n\r\nThe four hydraulic tests conducted from 1995 to 1997 lasted 4 to 553 days. Discharge from the pumping well, UE-25 c #3, ranged from 8.49 to 22.5 liters per second in different tests. Two to seven observation wells, 30 to 3,526 meters from the pumping well, were used in different tests. Observation wells included UE-25 c #1, UE-25 c #2, UE-25 ONC-1, USW H-4, UE-25 WT #14, and UE-25 WT #3 in the tuffaceous rocks and UE-25 p #1 in Paleozoic carbonate rocks. \r\n\r\nIn all hydraulic tests, drawdown in the pumping well was rapid and large (2.9-11 meters). Attributable mostly to frictional head loss and borehole-skin effects, this drawdown could not be used to analyze hydraulic properties. Drawdown and recovery in intervals of UE-25 c #1 and UE-25 c #2 and in other observation wells typically was less than 51 centimeters. These data were analyzed. \r\n\r\nHydrogeologic intervals in the C-holes have layered heterogeneity related to faults and fracture zones. Transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, and storativity generally increase downhole. Transmissivity ranges from 4 to 1,600 meters squared per day; hydraulic conductivity ranges from 0.1 to 50 meters per day; and storativity ranges from 0.00002 to 0.002. \r\n\r\nTransmissivity in the Miocene tuffaceous rocks decreases from 2,600 to 700 meters squared per day northwesterly across the 21-square-kilometer area affected by hydraulic tests at the C-hole complex. The average transmissivity of the tuffaceous rocks in this area, as determined from plots of drawdown in most or all observation wells as functions of time or distance from the pumping well, is 2,100 to 2,600 meters squared per day. Average storativity determined from these plot ranges is 0.0005 to 0.002. Hydraulic conductivity ranges from less than 2 to more than 10 meters per day; it is largest where prominent northerly trending faults are closely spaced or intersected by northwesterly trending faults. \r\n\r\nDuring hydraulic tests, the Miocene tuffaceous rocks functioned as a single aquifer. Drawdown occurred in all monitored intervals of the C-holes and other observation wells, regardless of the hydrogeologic interval being pumped. This hydraulic connection across geologic and lithostratigraphic contacts is believed to result from interconnected faults, fractures, and intervals with large matrix permeability. Samples of UE-25 c #3 water, analyzed from 1995 to 1997, seem to indicate that changes in the quality of the water pumped from that well are probably due solely to lateral variations in water quality within the tuffaceous rocks.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20024141","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, Under Interagency Agreement DE?AI08?92NV10874","usgsCitation":"Geldon, A.L., Umari, A., Fahy, M., Earle, J.D., Gemmell, J.M., and Darnell, J., 2002, Results of Hydraulic Tests in Miocene Tuffaceous Rocks at the C-Hole Complex, 1995 to 1997, Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4141, v, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20024141.","productDescription":"v, 58 p.","costCenters":[{"id":687,"text":"Yucca Mountain Project Branch","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_2002_4141.jpg"},{"id":13246,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/wri02-4141/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.58333333333333,36.666666666666664 ], [ -116.58333333333333,36.916666666666664 ], [ -116.33333333333333,36.916666666666664 ], [ -116.33333333333333,36.666666666666664 ], [ -116.58333333333333,36.666666666666664 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613d01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geldon, Arthur L.","contributorId":16395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geldon","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Umari, Amjad M.A.","contributorId":100463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Umari","given":"Amjad M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fahy, Michael F.","contributorId":85630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fahy","given":"Michael F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Earle, John D.","contributorId":34537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earle","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gemmell, James M.","contributorId":108176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gemmell","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Darnell, Jon","contributorId":103323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darnell","given":"Jon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":47393,"text":"b2194 - 2002 - Argon thermochronology of mineral deposits; a review of analytical methods, formulations, and selected applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:40","indexId":"b2194","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2194","title":"Argon thermochronology of mineral deposits; a review of analytical methods, formulations, and selected applications","docAbstract":"40Ar/39Ar geochronology is an experimentally robust and versatile method for constraining time and temperature in geologic\r\nprocesses. The argon method is the most broadly applied in mineral-deposit studies. Standard analytical methods and formulations\r\nexist, making the fundamentals of the method well defined. A variety of graphical representations exist for evaluating\r\nargon data. A broad range of minerals found in mineral deposits, alteration zones, and host rocks commonly is analyzed to provide age, temporal duration, and thermal conditions for mineralization events and processes. All are discussed in this report. The usefulness of and evolution of the applicability of the method are demonstrated in studies of the Panasqueira, Portugal, tin-tungsten deposit; the Cornubian batholith and associated mineral deposits, southwest England; the Red Mountain intrusive\r\nsystem and associated Urad-Henderson molybdenum deposits;\r\nand the Eastern Goldfields Province, Western Australia.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/b2194","usgsCitation":"Snee, L., 2002, Argon thermochronology of mineral deposits; a review of analytical methods, formulations, and selected applications (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2194, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2194.","productDescription":"39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3973,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2194/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672f90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snee, Lawrence W.","contributorId":81534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"Lawrence W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":47503,"text":"ofr02485 - 2002 - Ground-water, surface-water and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2001-02","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-05T21:44:47.832479","indexId":"ofr02485","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-485","title":"Ground-water, surface-water and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2001-02","docAbstract":"<p>The N aquifer is the major source of water in the 5,400-square-mile area of Black Mesa in northeastern Arizona. Availability of water is an important issue in this area because of continued industrial and municipal use, a growing population, and precipitation of about 6 to 14 inches per year.</p> \n<br>\n<p>The monitoring program in the Black Mesa area has been operating since 1971 and is designed to determine the long-term effects of ground-water withdrawals from the N aquifer for industrial and municipal uses. The monitoring program includes measurements of (1) ground-water pumping, (2) ground-water levels, (3) spring discharge, (4) surface-water discharge, and (5) ground-water chemistry.</p>\n<br> \n<p>In 2001, total ground-water withdrawals were 7,680 acre-feet, industrial use was 4,530 acre-feet, and municipal use was 3,150 acre-feet. From 2000 to 2001, total withdrawals decreased by 1 percent, industrial use increased by 1 percent, and municipal use decreased by 3 percent.</p>\n<br>\n<p>From 2001 to 2002, water levels declined in 5 of 14 wells in the unconfined part of the aquifer, and the median change was +0.2 foot. Water levels declined in 12 of 17 wells in the confined part of the aquifer, and the median change was -1.4 feet.</p> \n<br>\n<p>From the prestress period (prior to 1965) to 2002, the median water-level change for 32 wells was -15.8 feet. Median water-level changes were -1.3 feet for 15 wells in the unconfined part of the aquifer and -31.7 feet for 17 wells in the confined part.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Discharges were measured once in 2001 and once in 2002 at four springs. Discharges decreased by 26 percent and 66 percent at two springs, increased by 100 percent at one spring, and did not change at one spring. For the past 10 years, discharges from the four springs have fluctuated; however, an increasing or decreasing trend is not apparent.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Continuous records of surface-water discharge have been collected from 1976 to 2001 at Moenkopi Wash, 1996 to 2001 at Laguna Creek, 1993 to 2001 at Dinnebito Wash, and 1994 to 2001 at Polacca Wash. Median flows for November, December, January, and February of each water year were used as an index of ground-water discharge to those streams. Since 1995, the median winter flows have decreased for Moenkopi Wash, Dinnebito Wash, and Polacca Wash. Since 1997, there is no consistent trend in the median winter flow for Laguna Creek.</p>\n<br>\n<p>In 2002, water samples were collected from 12 wells and 4 springs and analyzed for selected chemical constituents. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 96 to 636 milligrams per liter. Water samples from 8 of the wells and from 3 of the springs had less than 300 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids. There are no appreciable time trends in the chemistry of water samples from 9 wells and 4 springs; the 9 wells had more than 7 years of data, and the 4 springs had more than 9 years of data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/ofr02485","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources and Bureau of Indian Affairs","usgsCitation":"Thomas, B.E., 2002, Ground-water, surface-water and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2001-02: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-485, iv, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02485.","productDescription":"iv, 43 p.","numberOfPages":"50","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287827,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287826,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0485/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":410071,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54475.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Black Mesa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.4,\n              36.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4,\n              35.5958\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5917,\n              35.5958\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5917,\n              36.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4,\n              36.875\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db6485e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Blakemore E.","contributorId":93871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Blakemore","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":53689,"text":"ofr02307C - 2002 - Municipal GIS database of El Salvador; Volume 3, La Palma, El Salvador","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr02307C","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-307","chapter":"C","title":"Municipal GIS database of El Salvador; Volume 3, La Palma, El Salvador","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02307C","usgsCitation":"Chirico, P., Hearn, P., Bartolomei, O.R., and Tanner, S., 2002, Municipal GIS database of El Salvador; Volume 3, La Palma, El Salvador (1st edition): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-307, 1 CD-ROM : maps ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02307C.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM : maps ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"1st edition","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698b09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hearn, P.P.","contributorId":18380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"P.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartolomei, Ovidio Rivero","contributorId":102134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartolomei","given":"Ovidio","email":"","middleInitial":"Rivero","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tanner, S.D.","contributorId":37810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":44982,"text":"wri024102 - 2002 - A three-dimensional numerical model of predevelopment conditions in the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:12","indexId":"wri024102","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4102","title":"A three-dimensional numerical model of predevelopment conditions in the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"In the early 1990's, two numerical models of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system were developed by the U.S. Department of Energy. In general, the two models were based on the same basic hydrogeologic data set. In 1998, the U.S. Department of Energy requested that the U.S. Geological Survey develop and maintain a ground-water flow model of the Death Valley region in support of U.S. Department of Energy programs at the Nevada Test Site. The purpose of developing this 'second-generation' regional model was to enhance the knowledge an understanding of the ground-water flow system as new information and tools are developed. The U.S. Geological Survey also was encouraged by the U.S. Department of Energy to cooperate to the fullest extent with other Federal, State, and local entities in the region to take advantage of the benefits of their knowledge and expertise.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe short-term objective of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system project was to develop a steady-state representation of the predevelopment conditions of the ground-water flow system utilizing the two geologic interpretations used to develop the previous numerical models. The long-term objective of this project was to construct and calibrate a transient model that simulates the ground-water conditions of the study area over the historical record that utilizes a newly interpreted hydrogeologic conceptual model. This report describes the result of the predevelopment steady-state model construction and calibration.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe Death Valley regional ground-water flow system is situated within the southern Great Basin, a subprovince of the Basin and Range physiographic province, bounded by latitudes 35 degrees north and 38 degrees 15 minutes north and by longitudes 115 and 118 degrees west. Hydrology in the region is a result of both the arid climatic conditions and the complex geology. Ground-water flow generally can be described as dominated by interbasinal flow and may be conceptualized as having two main components: a series of relatively shallow and localized flow paths that are superimposed on deeper regional flow paths. A significant component of the regional ground-water flow is through a thick Paleozoic carbonate rock sequence. Throughout the flow system, ground water flows through zones of high transmissivity that have resulted from regional faulting and fracturing.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe conceptual model of the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system used for this study is adapted from the two previous ground-water modeling studies. The three-dimensional digital hydrogeologic framework model developed for the region also contains elements of both of the hydrogeologic framework models used in the previous investigations. As dictated by project scope, very little reinterpretation and refinement were made where these two framework models disagree; therefore, limitations in the hydrogeologic representation of the flow system exist. Despite limitations, the framework model provides the best representation to date of the hydrogeologic units and structures that control regional ground-water flow and serves as an important information source used to construct and calibrate the predevelopment, steady-state flow model.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIn addition to the hydrogeologic framework, a complex array of mechanisms accounts for flow into, through, and out of the regional ground-water flow system. Natural discharges from the regional ground-water flow system occur by evapotranspiration, springs, and subsurface outflow. In this study, evapotranspiration rates were adapted from a related investigation that developed maps of evapotranspiration areas and computed rates from micrometeorological data collected within the local area over a multiyear period. In some cases, historical spring flow records were used to derive ground-water discharge rates for isolated regional springs.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nFor this investigation, a process-based, numerical model was developed to estimat","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024102","usgsCitation":"D’Agnese, F.A., O’Brien, G.M., Faunt, C., Belcher, W., and San Juan, C., 2002, A three-dimensional numerical model of predevelopment conditions in the Death Valley regional ground-water flow system, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4102, viii, 114 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024102.","productDescription":"viii, 114 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3857,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024102/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a5650","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Agnese, Frank A.","contributorId":47810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Agnese","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Brien, G. M.","contributorId":31407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, C.C. 0000-0001-5659-7529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":103314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belcher, W.R.","contributorId":30667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belcher","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"San Juan, C. 0000-0002-9151-1919","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1919","contributorId":83974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"San Juan","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":50578,"text":"ofr2002477 - 2002 - Drilling and construction data for the Waiohuli exploratory well (state well 6-4421-01), island of Maui, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:12","indexId":"ofr2002477","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-477","title":"Drilling and construction data for the Waiohuli exploratory well (state well 6-4421-01), island of Maui, Hawaii","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr2002477","usgsCitation":"Gingerich, S.B., and Sherrod, D.R., 2002, Drilling and construction data for the Waiohuli exploratory well (state well 6-4421-01), island of Maui, Hawaii (In Revision (Well Number is Incorrect)): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-477, p. 10, illus. incl. 4 tables, strat. col., geol. sketch maps, 3 refs; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2002477.","productDescription":"p. 10, illus. incl. 4 tables, strat. col., geol. sketch maps, 3 refs; 28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":19850,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0477/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":176119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0477/report-thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"In Revision (Well Number is Incorrect)","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db635430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gingerich, Stephen B. 0000-0002-4381-0746 sbginger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-0746","contributorId":1426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gingerich","given":"Stephen","email":"sbginger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":50540,"text":"ofr2002402 - 2002 - Data on surface-water, streambed-interstitial water, and bed-sediment quality for selected locations in the small arms impact area of central Fort Gordon, Georgia, September 4-6, 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T19:46:48.256192","indexId":"ofr2002402","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-402","title":"Data on surface-water, streambed-interstitial water, and bed-sediment quality for selected locations in the small arms impact area of central Fort Gordon, Georgia, September 4-6, 2001","docAbstract":"In September 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon (U.S. Department of the Army), conducted a chemical assessment of surface water, streambed-interstitial water, and bed sediments within the small arms impact area of Fort Gordon Military Installation. The study was conducted in support of the development of an Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan (INRMP) for Fort Gordon, Georgia. An effective INRMP ensures that natural resources conservation measures and U.S. Army activities on the military base are integrated and consistent with Federal requirements to manage military installations on an ecosystem basis. \r\n\r\nFiltered water samples were collected from five sites along South Prong Creek and three sites along Marcum Branch Creek for chemical analyses of major ions, nutrients, and selected trace elements. On-site measurements of pH, temperature, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen were made at the eight sites. Filtered water collected showed varying concentrations in both surface- and streambed-interstitial water. Bed-sediment samples collected from South Prong Creek contain elevated levels of arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, selenium, vanadium, and total organic carbon relative to previous concentrations (McConnell and others, 2000). Bed-sediment samples collected from Marcum Branch Creek contain elevated levels of beryllium, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, selenium, and total organic carbon relative to previous concentrations (McConnell and others, 2000).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2002402","usgsCitation":"Priest, S., Stamey, T.C., and Lawrence, S.J., 2002, Data on surface-water, streambed-interstitial water, and bed-sediment quality for selected locations in the small arms impact area of central Fort Gordon, Georgia, September 4-6, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-402, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2002402.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","temporalStart":"2001-09-04","temporalEnd":"2001-09-06","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175729,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4352,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr02-402/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":414568,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_53954.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Fort Gordon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.2319,\n              33.4161\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.2319,\n              33.3606\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.1472,\n              33.3606\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.1472,\n              33.4161\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.2319,\n              33.4161\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c7e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Priest, Sheryln","contributorId":70468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priest","given":"Sheryln","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamey, Timothy C. tcstamey@usgs.gov","contributorId":4770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamey","given":"Timothy","email":"tcstamey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":241743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawrence, Stephen J. slawrenc@usgs.gov","contributorId":1885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Stephen","email":"slawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":69675,"text":"mf2411 - 2002 - Surficial Geologic Map of The Loop and Druid Arch Quadrangles, Canyonlands National Park, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:22","indexId":"mf2411","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2411","title":"Surficial Geologic Map of The Loop and Druid Arch Quadrangles, Canyonlands National Park, Utah","docAbstract":"This geologic map is a product of a cooperative project between the \r\n      U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. National Park Service to provide \r\n      geologic information about this part of Canyonlands National Park, Utah.\r\n      This digital map database contains bedrock data from previously published \r\n      data that has been modified by the author.  New mapping of the surficial  \r\n      deposits represents the general distribution of surficial deposits of the \r\n      Druid Arch and The Loop 7.5-minute quadrangles.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/mf2411","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Billingsley, G.H., Block, D., and Felger, T.J., 2002, Surficial Geologic Map of The Loop and Druid Arch Quadrangles, Canyonlands National Park, Utah (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2411, Map: 33 x 52 inches; Digital Database; Metadata; ReadMe, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2411.","productDescription":"Map: 33 x 52 inches; Digital Database; Metadata; ReadMe","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":647,"text":"Western Earth Surface Processes","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110378,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54148.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"54148"},{"id":188163,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9542,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2411/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.86749999999999,38 ], [ -109.86749999999999,38.25 ], [ -109.75,38.25 ], [ -109.75,38 ], [ -109.86749999999999,38 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a079","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Billingsley, George H.","contributorId":20711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billingsley","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Block, Debra L.","contributorId":66351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Block","given":"Debra L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Felger, Tracey J. 0000-0003-0841-4235 tfelger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0841-4235","contributorId":1117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felger","given":"Tracey","email":"tfelger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":69616,"text":"i2761 - 2002 - Atlas of natural hazards in the Hawaiian coastal zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-24T18:28:25.984558","indexId":"i2761","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2761","title":"Atlas of natural hazards in the Hawaiian coastal zone","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to communicate to citizens and regulatory authorities the history and relative intensity of coastal hazards in Hawaii. This information is the key to the wise use and management of coastal resources. The information contained in this document,we hope,will improve the ability of Hawaiian citizens and visitors to safely enjoy the coast and provide a strong data set for planners and managers to guide the future of coastal resources. \n\nThis work is largely based on previous investigations by scientific and engineering researchers and county, state, and federal offices and agencies. The unique aspect of this report is that, to the extent possible, it assimilates prior efforts in documenting Hawaiian coastal hazards and combines existing knowledge into a single comprehensive coastal hazard data set. This is by no means the final word on coastal hazards in Hawaii. Every hazardous phenomenon described here, and others such as slope failure and rocky shoreline collapse, need to be more carefully quantified, forecast, and mitigated. Our ultimate goal, of course, is to make the Hawaiian coast a safer place by educating the people of the state, and their leaders, about the hazardous nature of the environment. In so doing, we will also be taking steps toward improved preservation of coastal environments, because the best way to avoid coastal hazards is to avoid inappropriate development in the coastal zone.\n\nWe have chosen maps as the medium for both recording and communicating the hazard history and its intensity along the Hawaiian coast.Two types of maps are used: 1) smallscale maps showing a general history of hazards on each island and summarizing coastal hazards in a readily understandable format for general use, and 2) a large-scale series of technical maps (1:50,000) depicting coastal sections approximately 5 to 7 miles in length with color bands along the coast ranking the relative intensity of each hazard at the adjacent shoreline.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i2761","usgsCitation":"Fletcher, C.H., Grossman, E., Richmond, B.M., and Gibbs, A.E., 2002, Atlas of natural hazards in the Hawaiian coastal zone: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2761, 182 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2761.","productDescription":"182 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416173,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51546.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":6254,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i2761/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281727,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i2761/i2761.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":187530,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2761/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"50000","country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -159.7842,\n              18.9008\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.7842,\n              22.2333\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.8003,\n              22.2333\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.8003,\n              18.9008\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.7842,\n              18.9008\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6692de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fletcher, Charles H. III","contributorId":30300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grossman, Eric E.","contributorId":40677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Eric E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gibbs, Ann E. 0000-0002-0883-3774 agibbs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-3774","contributorId":2644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Ann","email":"agibbs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":53696,"text":"ofr02306F - 2002 - Municipal GIS database of Guatemala; Volume 6, Guatemala City, Guatemala","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-27T12:32:10","indexId":"ofr02306F","displayToPublicDate":"2003-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-306","chapter":"F","title":"Municipal GIS database of Guatemala; Volume 6, Guatemala City, Guatemala","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02306F","collaboration":"The USGS does not provide technical support for the software associated with this publication.","usgsCitation":"Chirico, P., Hearn, P., Bartolomei, O.R., and Tanner, S., 2002, Municipal GIS database of Guatemala; Volume 6, Guatemala City, Guatemala (Release 1): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-306, 2 CD-ROMs : maps ; 4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02306F.","productDescription":"2 CD-ROMs : maps ; 4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336255,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0306-f/ofr02306F_1.zip","text":"Disc 1","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":336256,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0306-f/ofr02306F_2.zip","text":"Disc 2","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"edition":"Release 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698b20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chirico, Peter G.","contributorId":27086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chirico","given":"Peter G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hearn, P.P.","contributorId":18380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"P.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartolomei, Ovidio Rivero","contributorId":102134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartolomei","given":"Ovidio","email":"","middleInitial":"Rivero","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tanner, S.D.","contributorId":37810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":44696,"text":"fs11402 - 2002 - Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Schuylkill River basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-09T12:49:36","indexId":"fs11402","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"114-02","title":"Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Schuylkill River basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>In 1970, the Chester County Water Resources Authority (Pennsylvania) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established a long-term water-quality network with the goal of assessing the quality of streams in the county and understanding stream changes in response to urbanization using benthic-macroinvertebrate data. This database represents one of the longest continuous water-quality data sets in the country. Benthic macroinvertebrates are aquatic insects, such as mayflies, caddisflies, riffle beetles, and midges, and other invertebrates that live on the stream bottom. Benthic macroinvertebrates are useful in evaluating stream quality because their habitat preferences and low motility cause them to be affected directly by substances that enter the aquatic system. By evaluating the diversity and community structure of benthic-macroinvertebrate populations, a determination of stream quality can be made.</p><p>Between 1981 and 1997, the network consisted of 43 sites in 5 major basins in Chester County—Delaware, Schuylkill, Brandywine, Big Elk and Octoraro, and Red and White Clay. Benthic-macroinvertebrate, water-chemistry, and habitat data were collected each year in October or November during base-flow conditions. Using these data, Reif evaluated the overall water-quality condition of Chester County streams. This Fact Sheet summarizes the key findings from Reif for streams in the Schuylkill River Basin. These streams include <strong>Pigeon Creek</strong> (site 10), <strong>Stony Run</strong> (site 6), <strong>French Creek</strong> (sites 12-16), <strong>Pickering Creek</strong> (sites 1-5), <strong>Little Valley Creek</strong> (site 49), and <strong>Valley Creek</strong> (site 50). This summary includes an analysis of stream conditions based on benthic-macroinvertebrate samples and an analysis of trends in stream conditions for the 17-year study period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs11402","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority","usgsCitation":"Reif, A.G., 2002, Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Schuylkill River basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 114-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11402.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0114/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":3743,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0114/fs20020114.pdf","text":"Report","size":"264 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2002-0114"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\">Pennsylvania Water Science Center </a><br> U.S. Geological Survey <br> 215 Limekiln Road <br> New Cumberland, PA 17070</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Study Approach</li><li>Stream-Quality Designation Criteria</li><li>Stream-Quality Assessment</li><li>Trends in Benthic-Macoinvertebrate and Chemical Data</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671deb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reif, Andrew G. 0000-0002-5054-5207 agreif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-5207","contributorId":2632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reif","given":"Andrew","email":"agreif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44698,"text":"fs11602 - 2002 - Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Delaware River basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-09T12:44:19","indexId":"fs11602","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"116-02","title":"Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Delaware River basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>In 1970, the Chester County Water Resources Authority (Penn-sylvania) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established a long-term water-quality network with the goal of assessing the quality of streams in the county and understanding stream changes in response to urbanization using benthic-macroinvertebrate data. This database represents one of the longest continuous water-quality data sets in the country. Benthic macroinvertebrates are aquatic insects, such as mayflies, caddisflies, riffle beetles, and midges, and other invertebrates that live on the stream bottom. Benthic macroinvertebrates are useful in evaluating stream quality because their habitat preferences and low motility cause them to be affected directly by substances that enter the aquatic system. By evaluating the diversity and community structure of benthic-macroinvertebrate populations, a determination of stream quality can be made.</p><p>Between 1981 and 1997, the water-quality network consisted of 43 sites in 5 major basins in Chester County—Delaware, Schuylkill, Brandywine, Big Elk and Octoraro, and Red and White Clay. Benthic-macroinvertebrate, water-chemistry, and habitat data were collected each year in October or November during base-flow condition. Using these data, Reif evaluates the overall water-quality condition of Chester County streams. This Fact Sheet summarizes the key findings from Reif for streams in the Delaware River Basin. These streams include <strong>Darby Creek</strong> (site 17), <strong>Crum Creek</strong> (site 19), <strong>Ridley Creek</strong> (sites 20 and 21), <strong>East Branch Chester Creek</strong> (sites 22-24, and 51), and <strong>Goose Creek</strong> (site 25). This summary includes an analysis of stream conditions on the basis of benthic-macroinvertebrate samples and an analysis of trends in stream conditions for the 17-year study period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs11602","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority","usgsCitation":"Reif, A.G., 2002, Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Delaware River basin, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 116-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11602.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120556,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0116/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":3745,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0116/fs20020116.pdf","text":"Report","size":"271 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2002-0116"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\">Pennsylvania Water Science Center</a> <br> U.S. Geological Survey <br> 215 Limekiln Road <br> New Cumberland, PA 17070</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Study Approach</li><li>Stream-Quality Designation Criteria</li><li>Stream-Quality Assessment</li><li>Trends in Benthic-Macroinvertebrate and Chemical Data</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671dcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reif, Andrew G. 0000-0002-5054-5207 agreif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-5207","contributorId":2632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reif","given":"Andrew","email":"agreif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":45038,"text":"wri20014044 - 2002 - Standards for the Analysis and Processing of Surface-Water Data and Information Using Electronic Methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:58","indexId":"wri20014044","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4044","title":"Standards for the Analysis and Processing of Surface-Water Data and Information Using Electronic Methods","docAbstract":"Surface-water computation methods and procedures are described in this report to provide standards from which a completely automated electronic processing system can be developed. To the greatest extent possible, the traditional U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) methodology and standards for streamflow data collection and analysis have been incorporated into these standards. Although USGS methodology and standards are the basis for this report, the report is applicable to other organizations doing similar work. The proposed electronic processing system allows field measurement data, including data stored on automatic field recording devices and data recorded by the field hydrographer (a person who collects streamflow and other surface-water data) in electronic field notebooks, to be input easily and automatically. A user of the electronic processing system easily can monitor the incoming data and verify and edit the data, if necessary. Input of the computational procedures, rating curves, shift requirements, and other special methods are interactive processes between the user and the electronic processing system, with much of this processing being automatic. Special computation procedures are provided for complex stations such as velocity-index, slope, control structures, and unsteady-flow models, such as the Branch-Network Dynamic Flow Model (BRANCH). Navigation paths are designed to lead the user through the computational steps for each type of gaging station (stage-only, stagedischarge, velocity-index, slope, rate-of-change in stage, reservoir, tide, structure, and hydraulic model stations). The proposed electronic processing system emphasizes the use of interactive graphics to provide good visual tools for unit values editing, rating curve and shift analysis, hydrograph comparisons, data-estimation procedures, data review, and other needs. Documentation, review, finalization, and publication of records are provided for with the electronic processing system, as well as archiving, quality assurance, and quality control.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20014044","usgsCitation":"Sauer, V.B., 2002, Standards for the Analysis and Processing of Surface-Water Data and Information Using Electronic Methods: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4044, x, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014044.","productDescription":"x, 92 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4044/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":82259,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4044/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48abe4b07f02db52d01f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, Vernon B.","contributorId":92645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"Vernon","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50892,"text":"ofr02151 - 2002 - User's manual for computer program BASEPLOT","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:13","indexId":"ofr02151","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-151","title":"User's manual for computer program BASEPLOT","docAbstract":"The checking and reviewing of daily records of streamflow within the U.S. Geological Survey is traditionally accomplished by hand-plotting and mentally collating tables of data. The process is time consuming, difficult to standardize, and subject to errors in computation, data entry, and logic. In addition, the presentation of flow data on the internet requires more timely and accurate computation of daily flow records.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nBASEPLOT was developed for checking and review of primary streamflow records within the U.S. Geological Survey. Use of BASEPLOT enables users to (1) provide efficiencies during the record checking and review process, (2) improve quality control, (3) achieve uniformity of checking and review techniques of simple stage-discharge relations, and (4) provide a tool for teaching streamflow computation techniques.\r\n\r\nThe BASEPLOT program produces tables of quality control checks and produces plots of rating curves and discharge measurements; variable shift (V-shift) diagrams; and V-shifts converted to stage-discharge plots, using data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey Automatic Data Processing System database. In addition, the program plots unit-value hydrographs that show unit-value stages, shifts, and datum corrections; input shifts, datum corrections, and effective dates; discharge measurements; effective dates for rating tables; and numeric quality control checks. Checklist/tutorial forms are provided for reviewers to ensure completeness of review and standardize the review process. The program was written for the U.S. Geological Survey SUN computer using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software produced by SAS Institute, Incorporated.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02151","usgsCitation":"Sanders, C.L., 2002, User's manual for computer program BASEPLOT: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-151, p. 66, illus. incl. 2 tables, 5 refs; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02151.","productDescription":"p. 66, illus. incl. 2 tables, 5 refs; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":4656,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02151/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":175695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478fe4b07f02db48a030","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanders, Curtis L. Jr.","contributorId":76391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"Curtis","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44934,"text":"wri20024292 - 2002 - Estimates of median flows for streams on the Kansas surface water register","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":44934,"text":"wri20024292 - 2002 - Estimates of median flows for streams on the Kansas surface water register","indexId":"wri20024292","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Estimates of Median Flows for Streams on the Kansas Surface Water Register","title":"Estimates of median flows for streams on the Kansas surface water register"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":55232,"text":"sir20045032 - 2004 - Estimates of median flows for streams on the 1999 Kansas Surface Water Register","indexId":"sir20045032","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Estimates of median flows for streams on the 1999 Kansas Surface Water Register"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":55232,"text":"sir20045032 - 2004 - Estimates of median flows for streams on the 1999 Kansas Surface Water Register","indexId":"sir20045032","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"title":"Estimates of median flows for streams on the 1999 Kansas Surface Water Register"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-28T10:09:50","indexId":"wri20024292","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4292","displayTitle":"Estimates of Median Flows for Streams on the Kansas Surface Water Register","title":"Estimates of median flows for streams on the Kansas surface water register","docAbstract":"<p>The Kansas State Legislature, by enacting Kansas Statute KSA 82a-2001 et. seq., mandated the criteria for determining which Kansas stream segments would be subject to classification by the State. One criterion for the selection as a classified stream segment is based on the statistic of median flow being equal to or greater than 1 cubic foot per second. As specified by KSA 82a-2001 et. seq., median flows were determined from U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging-station data by using the most-recent 10-years of gaged data (KSA) for each streamflow-gaging station. Median flows also were determined by using gaged data from the entire period of record (all-available hydrology, AAH). </p><p>Least-squares multiple regression techniques were used, along with Tobit analyses, to develop equations for estimating median flows for uncontrolled stream segments. The drainage area of the uncontrolled gaging stations used in the regression analyses ranged from 2.06 to 12,004 square miles. A logarithmic transformation of the data was needed to develop the best linear relation for computing median flows. In the regression analyses, the significant climatic and basin characteristics, in order of importance, were drainage area, mean annual precipitation, mean basin permeability, and mean basin slope. Tobit analyses of KSA data yielded a root mean square error of 0.285 logarithmic units, and the best equations using Tobit analyses of AAH data had a root mean square error of 0.247 logarithmic units. </p><p>These equations and an interpolation procedure were used to compute median flows for the uncontrolled stream segments on the Kansas Surface Water Register. Measured median flows from gaging stations were incorporated into the regression-estimated median flows along the stream segments where available. The segments that were uncontrolled were interpolated using gaged data weighted according to the drainage area and the bias between the regression-estimated and gaged flow information. On controlled reaches of Kansas streams, the median flow information was interpolated between gaging stations using only gaged data weighted by drainage area. </p><p>Of the 2,232 total stream segments on the Kansas Surface Water Register, 30 percent of the segments had an estimated median streamflow of less than 1 cubic foot per second when the KSA analysis was used. When the AAH analysis was used, 40 percent of the segments had an estimated median streamflow of less than 1 cubic foot per second.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri20024292","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment","usgsCitation":"Perry, C.A., Wolock, D.M., and Artman, J.C., 2002, Estimates of median flows for streams on the Kansas surface water register (Superseded by SIR 2004-5032): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4292, vi, 107 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20024292.","productDescription":"vi, 107 p.","numberOfPages":"114","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360235,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4292/wrir20024292.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2002–4292"},{"id":134549,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4292/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-99.541116,36.999573],[-99.648652,36.999604],[-99.657658,37.000197],[-99.875409,37.001659],[-99.995201,37.001631],[-100.115722,37.002206],[-100.193754,37.002133],[-100.552683,37.000735],[-100.734517,36.999059],[-100.756894,36.999357],[-100.855634,36.998626],[-100.904274,36.998745],[-100.945469,36.998153],[-101.012641,36.998176],[-101.359674,36.996232],[-102.04224,36.993083],[-102.041749,37.034397],[-102.041809,37.111973],[-102.042092,37.125021],[-102.041963,37.258164],[-102.041664,37.29765],[-102.042089,37.352819],[-102.041524,37.375018],[-102.042016,37.535261],[-102.041574,37.680436],[-102.042158,37.760164],[-102.042953,37.803535],[-102.044644,38.045532],[-102.044255,38.113011],[-102.044589,38.125013],[-102.044251,38.141778],[-102.044944,38.384419],[-102.044442,38.415802],[-102.044936,38.41968],[-102.045324,38.453647],[-102.045074,38.669617],[-102.045334,38.799463],[-102.046571,39.047038],[-102.04937,39.41821],[-102.049554,39.538932],[-102.050422,39.646048],[-102.050099,39.653812],[-102.050594,39.675594],[-102.051569,39.849805],[-102.051744,40.003078],[-101.904176,40.003162],[-101.841025,40.002784],[-101.409953,40.002354],[-101.324036,40.002696],[-100.937427,40.002145],[-100.75883,40.002302],[-100.66023,40.002162],[-100.645445,40.001883],[-100.196959,40.001494],[-99.990926,40.001503],[-99.948167,40.001813],[-99.930433,40.001516],[-99.813401,40.0014],[-99.772121,40.001804],[-99.756835,40.001342],[-99.746628,40.00182],[-99.49766,40.001912],[-99.423565,40.00227],[-99.412645,40.001868],[-99.282967,40.001879],[-99.018701,40.002333],[-98.710404,40.00218],[-98.690287,40.002548],[-98.652494,40.002245],[-98.64071,40.002493],[-98.560578,40.002274],[-98.274017,40.002516],[-98.250008,40.002307],[-98.193483,40.002614],[-98.099659,40.002227],[-97.838379,40.00191],[-97.777155,40.002167],[-97.510264,40.001835],[-97.369199,40.00206],[-97.20231,40.001442],[-97.142448,40.001495],[-97.137866,40.001814],[-97.049663,40.001323],[-96.916093,40.001506],[-96.622401,40.001158],[-96.610349,40.000881],[-96.467536,40.001035],[-96.125937,40.000432],[-96.02409,40.000719],[-95.30829,39.999998],[-95.308404,39.993758],[-95.30778,39.990618],[-95.307111,39.989114],[-95.302507,39.984357],[-95.289715,39.977706],[-95.274757,39.972115],[-95.269886,39.969396],[-95.261854,39.960618],[-95.257652,39.954886],[-95.250254,39.948644],[-95.241383,39.944949],[-95.236761,39.943931],[-95.231114,39.943784],[-95.220212,39.944433],[-95.21644,39.943953],[-95.213737,39.943206],[-95.204428,39.938949],[-95.201277,39.934194],[-95.20069,39.928155],[-95.20201,39.922438],[-95.205745,39.915169],[-95.206326,39.912121],[-95.206196,39.909557],[-95.205733,39.908275],[-95.201935,39.904053],[-95.199347,39.902709],[-95.193816,39.90069],[-95.189565,39.899959],[-95.179453,39.900062],[-95.172296,39.902026],[-95.159834,39.906984],[-95.156024,39.907243],[-95.149657,39.905948],[-95.146055,39.904183],[-95.143802,39.901918],[-95.142563,39.897992],[-95.142445,39.89542],[-95.143403,39.889356],[-95.142718,39.885889],[-95.140601,39.881688],[-95.137092,39.878351],[-95.134747,39.876852],[-95.128166,39.874165],[-95.105912,39.869164],[-95.090158,39.86314],[-95.085003,39.861883],[-95.081534,39.861718],[-95.052535,39.864374],[-95.042142,39.864805],[-95.037767,39.865542],[-95.032053,39.868337],[-95.027931,39.871522],[-95.025422,39.876711],[-95.025119,39.878833],[-95.025947,39.886747],[-95.02524,39.8897],[-95.024389,39.891202],[-95.018743,39.897372],[-95.013152,39.899953],[-95.00844,39.900596],[-95.003819,39.900401],[-94.990284,39.89701],[-94.986975,39.89667],[-94.977749,39.897472],[-94.963345,39.901136],[-94.959276,39.901671],[-94.95154,39.900533],[-94.943867,39.89813],[-94.934493,39.893366],[-94.929574,39.888754],[-94.927897,39.886112],[-94.927359,39.883966],[-94.927252,39.880258],[-94.928466,39.876344],[-94.931463,39.872602],[-94.938791,39.866954],[-94.940743,39.86441],[-94.942407,39.861066],[-94.942567,39.856602],[-94.939767,39.85193],[-94.937655,39.849786],[-94.92615,39.841322],[-94.916918,39.836138],[-94.909942,39.834426],[-94.903157,39.83385],[-94.892677,39.834378],[-94.889493,39.834026],[-94.886933,39.833098],[-94.881013,39.828922],[-94.878677,39.826522],[-94.877044,39.823754],[-94.876544,39.820594],[-94.875944,39.813294],[-94.876344,39.806894],[-94.880932,39.797338],[-94.884084,39.794234],[-94.890292,39.791626],[-94.892965,39.791098],[-94.925605,39.789754],[-94.929654,39.788282],[-94.932726,39.786282],[-94.935206,39.78313],[-94.935782,39.778906],[-94.935302,39.77561],[-94.934262,39.773642],[-94.929653,39.769098],[-94.926229,39.76649],[-94.916789,39.760938],[-94.912293,39.759338],[-94.906244,39.759418],[-94.899156,39.761258],[-94.895268,39.76321],[-94.883924,39.770186],[-94.88146,39.771258],[-94.871144,39.772994],[-94.869644,39.772894],[-94.867143,39.771694],[-94.865243,39.770094],[-94.863143,39.767294],[-94.860743,39.763094],[-94.859443,39.753694],[-94.860371,39.74953],[-94.862943,39.742994],[-94.870143,39.734594],[-94.875643,39.730494],[-94.884143,39.726794],[-94.891744,39.724894],[-94.899316,39.724042],[-94.902612,39.724202],[-94.910068,39.725786],[-94.918324,39.728794],[-94.930005,39.73537],[-94.939221,39.741578],[-94.944741,39.744377],[-94.948726,39.745593],[-94.95263,39.745961],[-94.955286,39.745689],[-94.960086,39.743065],[-94.965318,39.739065],[-94.970422,39.732121],[-94.971206,39.729305],[-94.971078,39.723146],[-94.968453,39.707402],[-94.968981,39.692954],[-94.969909,39.68905],[-94.971317,39.68641],[-94.976325,39.68137],[-94.981557,39.678634],[-94.984149,39.67785],[-94.993557,39.67657],[-95.001379,39.676479],[-95.009023,39.675765],[-95.01531,39.674262],[-95.018318,39.672869],[-95.024595,39.668485],[-95.027644,39.665454],[-95.037464,39.652905],[-95.039049,39.649639],[-95.044554,39.64437],[-95.049518,39.637876],[-95.053367,39.630347],[-95.054925,39.624995],[-95.055152,39.621657],[-95.053012,39.613965],[-95.047911,39.606288],[-95.046445,39.601606],[-95.046361,39.599557],[-95.047165,39.595117],[-95.049277,39.589583],[-95.054804,39.582488],[-95.056897,39.580567],[-95.059519,39.579132],[-95.064519,39.577115],[-95.069315,39.576218],[-95.07216,39.576122],[-95.076688,39.576764],[-95.089515,39.581028],[-95.095736,39.580618],[-95.099095,39.579691],[-95.103228,39.577783],[-95.106406,39.575252],[-95.107454,39.573843],[-95.113077,39.559133],[-95.113557,39.553941],[-95.109304,39.542285],[-95.106596,39.537657],[-95.102888,39.533347],[-95.092704,39.524241],[-95.082714,39.516712],[-95.077441,39.513552],[-95.059461,39.506143],[-95.05638,39.503972],[-95.052177,39.499996],[-95.050552,39.497514],[-95.049845,39.494415],[-95.04837,39.48042],[-95.047133,39.474971],[-95.045716,39.472459],[-95.04078,39.466387],[-95.0375,39.463689],[-95.033408,39.460876],[-95.028498,39.458287],[-95.015825,39.452809],[-94.995768,39.448174],[-94.990172,39.446192],[-94.982144,39.440552],[-94.978798,39.436241],[-94.976606,39.426701],[-94.972952,39.421705],[-94.966066,39.417288],[-94.954817,39.413844],[-94.951209,39.411707],[-94.947864,39.408604],[-94.946293,39.405646],[-94.946662,39.399717],[-94.946227,39.395648],[-94.945577,39.393851],[-94.942039,39.389499],[-94.937158,39.386531],[-94.933652,39.385546],[-94.92311,39.384492],[-94.919225,39.385174],[-94.915859,39.386348],[-94.909581,39.388865],[-94.901823,39.392798],[-94.894979,39.393565],[-94.891845,39.393313],[-94.888972,39.392432],[-94.885026,39.389801],[-94.880979,39.383899],[-94.879281,39.37978],[-94.879088,39.375703],[-94.88136,39.370383],[-94.885216,39.366911],[-94.890928,39.364031],[-94.896832,39.363135],[-94.899024,39.362431],[-94.902497,39.360383],[-94.907297,39.356735],[-94.909409,39.354255],[-94.910017,39.352543],[-94.910641,39.348335],[-94.908065,39.323663],[-94.905329,39.311952],[-94.903137,39.306272],[-94.900049,39.300192],[-94.895217,39.294208],[-94.887056,39.28648],[-94.882576,39.283328],[-94.87832,39.281136],[-94.867568,39.277841],[-94.857072,39.273825],[-94.84632,39.268481],[-94.837855,39.262417],[-94.831471,39.256273],[-94.827487,39.249889],[-94.825663,39.241729],[-94.826111,39.238289],[-94.827791,39.234001],[-94.834896,39.223842],[-94.835056,39.220658],[-94.833552,39.217794],[-94.831679,39.215938],[-94.823791,39.209874],[-94.820687,39.208626],[-94.811663,39.206594],[-94.799663,39.206018],[-94.787343,39.207666],[-94.783838,39.207154],[-94.781518,39.206146],[-94.777838,39.203522],[-94.775543,39.200609],[-94.770338,39.190002],[-94.763138,39.179903],[-94.752338,39.173203],[-94.741938,39.170203],[-94.736537,39.169203],[-94.723637,39.169003],[-94.714137,39.170403],[-94.696332,39.178563],[-94.687236,39.183503],[-94.680336,39.184303],[-94.669135,39.182003],[-94.663835,39.179103],[-94.660315,39.168051],[-94.662435,39.157603],[-94.650735,39.154103],[-94.640035,39.153103],[-94.623934,39.156603],[-94.615834,39.160003],[-94.608834,39.160503],[-94.601733,39.159603],[-94.596033,39.157703],[-94.591933,39.155003],[-94.589933,39.140403],[-94.592533,39.135903],[-94.600434,39.128503],[-94.605734,39.122204],[-94.607034,39.119404],[-94.607354,39.113444],[-94.607234,39.065704],[-94.608334,38.981806],[-94.608134,38.940006],[-94.607866,38.937398],[-94.608033,38.847207],[-94.607625,38.82756],[-94.611602,38.635384],[-94.611465,38.625011],[-94.611858,38.620485],[-94.611887,38.580139],[-94.612176,38.576546],[-94.612157,38.549817],[-94.613365,38.403422],[-94.613312,38.364407],[-94.612673,38.314832],[-94.612658,38.217649],[-94.613856,38.149769],[-94.614212,37.992462],[-94.614465,37.987799],[-94.614612,37.944362],[-94.617721,37.77297],[-94.617975,37.722176],[-94.617651,37.687671],[-94.617885,37.682214],[-94.616789,37.52151],[-94.618505,37.181184],[-94.617875,37.056798],[-94.61808,36.998135],[-94.625224,36.998672],[-94.83128,36.998812],[-95.049499,36.99958],[-95.80798,36.999124],[-95.91018,36.999336],[-96.00081,36.99886],[-96.394272,36.999221],[-96.500288,36.998643],[-96.73659,36.999286],[-96.749838,36.998988],[-96.79206,36.99918],[-96.795199,36.99886],[-96.822791,36.999182],[-96.87629,36.999233],[-97.46228,36.998685],[-97.606549,36.998682],[-97.637137,36.99909],[-98.219499,36.997824],[-98.354073,36.997961],[-98.408991,36.998513],[-98.544872,36.998997],[-98.714512,36.99906],[-98.761597,36.999425],[-98.880009,36.999263],[-99.029337,36.999595],[-99.049695,36.999221],[-99.277506,36.999579],[-99.375391,37.000177],[-99.407015,36.999579],[-99.541116,36.999573]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Kansas\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","edition":"Superseded by SIR 2004-5032","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:%20dc_ks@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:%20dc_ks@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/kswsc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/kswsc\">Kansas Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>1217 Biltmore Drive<br>Lawrence, KS 66049</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Factors Affecting Streamflow</li><li>Methods for Estimating Median Flows</li><li>Kansas Surface Water Register</li><li>Basin Characteristics for Stream Segments</li><li>Estimates of Median Flows for Stream Segments</li><li>Internet Dissemination of Results</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix A. Kansas Statute KSA 82a–2001 et. seq.</li><li>Appendix B. Median flow information for streamflow-gaging stations used in the interpolation procedure</li><li>Appendix C. Estimated median flows at downstream end of stream segments on the Kansas Surface Water Register</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fca94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Charles A. cperry@usgs.gov","contributorId":2093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Charles","email":"cperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Artman, Joshua C.","contributorId":28942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artman","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":50570,"text":"ofr2002460 - 2002 - Sulfur dioxide emission rates from Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, an update: 1998-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-10T11:48:38.670852","indexId":"ofr2002460","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-460","title":"Sulfur dioxide emission rates from Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, an update: 1998-2001","docAbstract":"<p>Introduction Sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) emission rates from Kilauea Volcano were first measured by Stoiber and Malone (1975) and have been measured on a regular basis since 1979 (Greenland and others, 1985; Casadevall and others, 1987; Elias and others, 1998; Sutton and others, 2001). A compilation of SO<sub>2</sub> emission-rate and wind-vector data from 1979 through 1997 is available as Open-File Report 98-462 (Elias and others, 1998) and on the web at http://hvo.wr.usgs.gov/products/OF98462/. The purpose of this report is to update the existing database through 2001. Kilauea releases SO<sub>2</sub> gas predominantly from its summit caldera and east rift zone (ERZ) (fig. 1), as described in previous reports (Elias and others, 1998; Sutton and others, 2001). These two distinct sources are quantified independently. The summit and east rift zone emission rates reported here were derived using vehicle-based Correlation Spectrometry (COSPEC) measurements as described in Elias and others (1998). In 1998 and 1999, these measurements were augmented with airborne and tripod-based surveys.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2002460","usgsCitation":"Elias, T., and Sutton, A.J., 2002, Sulfur dioxide emission rates from Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, an update: 1998-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-460, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2002460.","productDescription":"29 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":176619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9570,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-460/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":389010,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_53980.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.30067443847656,\n              19.25605301966429\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.0397491455078,\n              19.25605301966429\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.0397491455078,\n              19.445226820142476\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.30067443847656,\n              19.445226820142476\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.30067443847656,\n              19.25605301966429\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db69984c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elias, Tamar 0000-0002-9592-4518 telias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4518","contributorId":3916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Tamar","email":"telias@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutton, A. Jefferson","contributorId":47860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jefferson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44700,"text":"fs11802 - 2002 - Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Red Clay and White Clay Creek basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-09T12:42:58","indexId":"fs11802","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"118-02","title":"Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Red Clay and White Clay Creek basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97","docAbstract":"<p>In 1970, the Chester County Water Resources Authority (Pennsylvania) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established a long-term water-quality network with the goal of assessing the quality of streams in the county and understanding stream changes in response to urbanization using benthic-macroinvertebrate data. This database represents one of the longest continuous water-quality data sets in the country. Benthic macroinvertebrates are aquatic insects, such as mayflies, caddisflies, riffle beetles, and midges, and other invertebrates that live on the stream bottom. Benthic macroinvertebrates are useful in evaluating stream quality because their habitat preference and low motility cause them to be affected directly by substances that enter the aquatic system. By evaluating the diversity and community structure of benthic-macroinvertebrate populations, a determination of stream quality can be made.</p><p>Between 1981 and 1997, the water-quality network consisted of 43 sites in 5 major basins in Chester County—Delaware, Schuylkill, Brandywine, Big Elk and Octoraro, and Red and White Clay. Benthicmacroinvertebrate, water-chemistry, and habitat data were collected each year in October or November during base-flow conditions. Using these data, Reif evaluates the overall water-quality condition of Chester County streams. This Fact Sheet summarizes the key findings from Reif for streams in the Red Clay and White Clay Creek Basins. These streams include <strong>East Branch Red Clay Creek</strong> (site 26), <strong>West Branch Red Clay Creek</strong> (site 27), <strong>East Branch White Clay Creek</strong> (site 28), the <strong>Middle Branch White Clay Creek</strong> (site 29), and <strong>West Branch White Clay Creek</strong> (site 30). This summary includes an analysis of stream conditions on the basis of benthic-macroinvertebrate samples and an analysis of trends in stream conditions for the 17-year study period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs11802","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority","usgsCitation":"Reif, A.G., 2002, Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Red Clay and White Clay Creek basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 118-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11802.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":3747,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0118/fs20020118.pdf","text":"Report","size":"278 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2002-0118"},{"id":120557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0118/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-75.6968,40.2417],[-75.6912,40.2388],[-75.6894,40.2378],[-75.6864,40.2387],[-75.6784,40.2436],[-75.6741,40.2458],[-75.6705,40.2466],[-75.6645,40.2461],[-75.6549,40.2428],[-75.6478,40.2404],[-75.6406,40.2371],[-75.6304,40.2347],[-75.6209,40.2305],[-75.6186,40.2277],[-75.6151,40.2245],[-75.6114,40.2244],[-75.6078,40.2258],[-75.6047,40.2275],[-75.6059,40.2294],[-75.6076,40.2326],[-75.6088,40.2348],[-75.6081,40.2366],[-75.605,40.2389],[-75.6014,40.2379],[-75.5997,40.2365],[-75.5973,40.2347],[-75.591,40.2214],[-75.5835,40.21],[-75.5801,40.2045],[-75.5796,40.2004],[-75.5766,40.1981],[-75.5724,40.1967],[-75.5694,40.1966],[-75.5676,40.1975],[-75.5645,40.2006],[-75.5644,40.2029],[-75.5655,40.207],[-75.5661,40.2093],[-75.5636,40.2101],[-75.5606,40.2096],[-75.5589,40.2073],[-75.5554,40.2023],[-75.5503,40.19],[-75.544,40.1794],[-75.5387,40.1739],[-75.527,40.1664],[-75.5275,40.1492],[-75.5239,40.1468],[-75.5184,40.1475],[-75.5127,40.1595],[-75.503,40.1593],[-75.5,40.1563],[-75.5036,40.1506],[-75.5107,40.1422],[-75.5088,40.1347],[-75.4905,40.1253],[-75.4729,40.1287],[-75.4611,40.1241],[-75.4627,40.119],[-75.4691,40.1169],[-75.4719,40.1116],[-75.4693,40.1066],[-75.4618,40.1027],[-75.4633,40.0971],[-75.4563,40.0945],[-75.4558,40.0876],[-75.4401,40.0941],[-75.4369,40.0899],[-75.42,40.0966],[-75.3927,40.0604],[-75.3669,40.0723],[-75.361,40.0668],[-75.3702,40.062],[-75.3732,40.0602],[-75.3811,40.0572],[-75.4012,40.0475],[-75.4025,40.0471],[-75.4086,40.0436],[-75.4128,40.0418],[-75.4106,40.0373],[-75.4076,40.0336],[-75.406,40.0295],[-75.4139,40.0242],[-75.4207,40.0202],[-75.4311,40.0118],[-75.4508,39.9958],[-75.452,39.9949],[-75.4532,39.994],[-75.4521,39.9926],[-75.4455,39.9925],[-75.4437,39.9925],[-75.4412,39.9933],[-75.4401,39.9915],[-75.4372,39.9865],[-75.4385,39.9842],[-75.4398,39.9811],[-75.4399,39.9793],[-75.4423,39.9788],[-75.4446,39.9807],[-75.4726,39.968],[-75.4993,39.9557],[-75.5024,39.9544],[-75.5079,39.9518],[-75.5152,39.9483],[-75.5224,39.9452],[-75.5243,39.9443],[-75.5202,39.9397],[-75.5191,39.9374],[-75.5306,39.9322],[-75.526,39.9239],[-75.5315,39.9218],[-75.5366,39.9305],[-75.5427,39.9274],[-75.5398,39.9242],[-75.5447,39.922],[-75.5424,39.9183],[-75.5502,39.9152],[-75.5468,39.9093],[-75.5553,39.9058],[-75.5576,39.9086],[-75.5601,39.9072],[-75.5583,39.904],[-75.562,39.9023],[-75.5711,39.897],[-75.573,39.8943],[-75.5714,39.8879],[-75.5799,39.8835],[-75.5822,39.8854],[-75.5834,39.8849],[-75.5852,39.8863],[-75.5888,39.8846],[-75.5842,39.8804],[-75.5981,39.8747],[-75.5952,39.8724],[-75.5934,39.8697],[-75.5935,39.8683],[-75.5959,39.8652],[-75.599,39.862],[-75.6003,39.8602],[-75.6015,39.858],[-75.601,39.8562],[-75.5975,39.8539],[-75.5939,39.8515],[-75.5946,39.8488],[-75.5965,39.8457],[-75.5978,39.8416],[-75.5973,39.8379],[-75.6146,39.835],[-75.6308,39.8314],[-75.6464,39.827],[-75.647,39.8268],[-75.6661,39.82],[-75.6775,39.8156],[-75.6928,39.8074],[-75.7056,39.7991],[-75.7177,39.7912],[-75.724,39.7866],[-75.7268,39.7845],[-75.7378,39.775],[-75.7476,39.7653],[-75.7551,39.756],[-75.7611,39.7478],[-75.7662,39.7393],[-75.77,39.731],[-75.7723,39.7231],[-75.7875,39.7231],[-76.0148,39.7228],[-76.1392,39.7223],[-76.1373,39.7262],[-76.1337,39.728],[-76.1307,39.728],[-76.1266,39.7265],[-76.1236,39.7242],[-76.1188,39.726],[-76.1187,39.7301],[-76.1205,39.7333],[-76.1198,39.7364],[-76.1144,39.7368],[-76.1115,39.735],[-76.1121,39.7318],[-76.1134,39.7287],[-76.1104,39.7268],[-76.1051,39.7254],[-76.0996,39.7285],[-76.0965,39.7326],[-76.0959,39.7362],[-76.0988,39.738],[-76.1018,39.7399],[-76.1018,39.7421],[-76.1011,39.7449],[-76.0957,39.7448],[-76.0909,39.7452],[-76.0873,39.7474],[-76.0842,39.7537],[-76.0841,39.7592],[-76.0804,39.7609],[-76.0678,39.7626],[-76.066,39.7644],[-76.0654,39.7671],[-76.0659,39.7708],[-76.0628,39.7734],[-76.0616,39.7752],[-76.0615,39.7789],[-76.0567,39.7802],[-76.0537,39.7819],[-76.0506,39.7846],[-76.0481,39.79],[-76.0444,39.7963],[-76.0377,39.8026],[-76.0352,39.808],[-76.0303,39.813],[-76.0308,39.8175],[-76.032,39.8207],[-76.0265,39.8247],[-76.0253,39.826],[-76.0252,39.8301],[-76.0234,39.831],[-76.0191,39.8319],[-76.0191,39.8337],[-76.0202,39.8378],[-76.023,39.8464],[-76.0217,39.8518],[-76.0211,39.8537],[-76.0181,39.8545],[-76.0163,39.854],[-76.0127,39.8531],[-76.0103,39.8531],[-76.0091,39.8544],[-76.007,39.8666],[-76.0051,39.8712],[-76.0039,39.873],[-76.0015,39.8738],[-75.9991,39.8734],[-75.9974,39.8715],[-75.9956,39.8701],[-75.9932,39.8697],[-75.9926,39.8706],[-75.9908,39.8719],[-75.9877,39.8732],[-75.9871,39.8746],[-75.9877,39.8768],[-75.9912,39.8801],[-75.9905,39.8828],[-75.9899,39.8868],[-75.9879,39.8927],[-75.9885,39.895],[-75.9902,39.8977],[-75.9943,39.901],[-75.9961,39.9028],[-75.9957,39.9236],[-75.9962,39.9259],[-75.998,39.9273],[-75.9968,39.9282],[-75.9938,39.9277],[-75.9926,39.9268],[-75.9914,39.9272],[-75.9902,39.9286],[-75.9859,39.9308],[-75.9841,39.9308],[-75.9823,39.9307],[-75.9811,39.9316],[-75.9805,39.9334],[-75.9822,39.9362],[-75.9875,39.9399],[-75.9915,39.9481],[-75.9921,39.9513],[-75.992,39.9544],[-75.9901,39.958],[-75.9889,39.9607],[-75.987,39.9634],[-75.9869,39.9675],[-75.9722,39.9855],[-75.964,40.0008],[-75.9628,40.0026],[-75.956,40.0125],[-75.9504,40.0197],[-75.935,40.0394],[-75.9354,40.0471],[-75.9361,40.0689],[-75.9365,40.0807],[-75.9403,40.0989],[-75.9413,40.1066],[-75.9412,40.1093],[-75.9315,40.1138],[-75.9139,40.1212],[-75.9018,40.1261],[-75.8757,40.1371],[-75.8604,40.1464],[-75.8494,40.154],[-75.7773,40.1997],[-75.7724,40.2028],[-75.7602,40.2085],[-75.7322,40.2231],[-75.6986,40.2408],[-75.6968,40.2417]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Chester\",\"state\":\"PA\"}}]}","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\">Pennsylvania Water Science Center</a> <br> U.S. Geological Survey <br> 215 Limekiln Road <br> New Cumberland, PA 17070</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Study Approach</li><li>Stream-Quality Designation Criteria</li><li>Stream-Quality Assessment</li><li>Trends in Benthic-Macroinvertebrate and Chemical Data</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671dd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reif, Andrew G. 0000-0002-5054-5207 agreif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-5207","contributorId":2632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reif","given":"Andrew","email":"agreif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50582,"text":"ofr02488 - 2002 - Water quality and aquatic toxicity data of 2002 spring thaw conditions in the upper Animas River watershed, Silverton, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-05T11:13:10","indexId":"ofr02488","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-488","title":"Water quality and aquatic toxicity data of 2002 spring thaw conditions in the upper Animas River watershed, Silverton, Colorado","docAbstract":"This report presents hydrologic, water-quality, and biologic toxicity data collected during the annual spring thaw of 2002 in the upper Animas River watershed near Silverton, Colorado. The spring-thaw runoff is a concern because elevated concentrations of iron oxyhydroxides can contain sorbed trace metals that are potentially toxic to aquatic life. Water chemistry of streams draining the San Juan Mountains is affected by natural acid drainage and weathering of hydrothermal altered volcanic rocks and by more than a century of mining activities. The timing of the spring-thaw sampling effort was determined by reviewing historical climate and stream-flow hydrographs and current weather conditions. Twenty-one water-quality samples were collected between 11:00 AM March 27, 2002 and 6:00 PM March 30, 2002 to characterize water chemistry at the A-72 gage on the upper Animas River below Silverton. Analyses of unfiltered water at the A-72 gage showed a relation between turbidity and total-recoverable iron concentrations, and showed diurnal patterns. Copper and lead concentrations were related to iron concentrations, indicating that these elements are probably sorbed to colloidal iron material. Calcium, strontium, and sulfate concentrations showed overall decreasing trends due to dilution, but the loads of those constituents increased over the sampling period. Nine water-quality samples were collected near the confluence of Mineral Creek with the Animas River, the confluence of Cement Creek with the Animas River, and on the upper Animas River above the confluence with Cement Creek (three samples at each site). A total of six bulk water-toxicity samples were collected before, during, and after the spring thaw from the Animas River at the A-72 gage site. Toxicity tests conducted with the bulk water samples on amphipods did not show strong differences in toxicity among the three sampling periods; however, toxicity of river water to fathead minnows showed a decreasing trend during the course of the study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02488","usgsCitation":"Fey, D., Wirt, L., Besser, J., and Wright, W.G., 2002, Water quality and aquatic toxicity data of 2002 spring thaw conditions in the upper Animas River watershed, Silverton, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-488, ii, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02488.","productDescription":"ii, 31 p.","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":176229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4387,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-488","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Silverton","otherGeospatial":"Upper Animas River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.468017578125,\n              37.06394430056685\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.468017578125,\n              37.87485339352928\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.105712890625,\n              37.87485339352928\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.105712890625,\n              37.06394430056685\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.468017578125,\n              37.06394430056685\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9bb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fey, D.L.","contributorId":44537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wirt, L.","contributorId":80342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Besser, J.M.","contributorId":91569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besser","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, W. G.","contributorId":19582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":44697,"text":"fs11502 - 2002 - Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Big Elk and Octoraro Creek basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-09T12:44:53","indexId":"fs11502","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"115-02","title":"Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Big Elk and Octoraro Creek basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>In 1970, the Chester County Water Resources Authority (Pennsylvania) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established a long-term water-quality network with the goal of assessing the quality of streams in the county and understanding stream changes in response to urbanization using benthic-macroinvertebrate data. This database represents one of the longest continuous water-quality data sets in the country. Benthic macroinvertebrates are aquatic insects, such as mayflies, caddisflies, riffle beetles, and midges, and other invertebrates that live on the stream bottom. Benthic macroin-vertebrates are useful in evaluating stream quality because their habitat preference and low motility cause them to be affected directly by substances that enter the aquatic system. By evaluating the diversity and community structure of benthic-macroinvertebrate populations, a determination of stream quality can be made.</p><p>Between 1981 and 1997, the water-quality network consisted of 43 sites in 5 major basins in Chester County—Delaware, Schuylkill, Brandywine, Big Elk and Octoraro, and Red and White Clay. Benthic-macroinvertebrate, water-chemistry, and habitat data were collected each year in October or November during base-flow conditions. Using these data, Reif evaluates the overall water-quality condition of Chester County streams. This Fact Sheet summarizes the key findings from Reif for streams in the Big Elk and Octoraro Creek Basins. These streams include <strong>East Branch Big Elk Creek</strong> (site 31), <strong>West Branch Big Elk Creek</strong> (site 32), <strong>East Branch Octoraro Creek</strong> (site 33) and <strong>Valley Creek</strong> (site 34). This summary includes an analysis of stream conditions based on benthic-macroinvertebrate samples and an analysis of trends in stream conditions for the 17-year study period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs11502","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority","usgsCitation":"Reif, A.G., 2002, Assessment of stream quality using biological indices at selected sites in the Big Elk and Octoraro Creek basins, Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 115-02, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11502.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0115/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":3744,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/0115/fs20020115.pdf","text":"Report","size":"232 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2002-0115"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\">Pennsylvania Water Science Center </a><br> U.S. Geological Survey <br> 215 Limekiln Road <br> New Cumberland, PA 17070</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Study Approach</li><li>Stream-Quality Designation Criteria</li><li>Stream-Quality Assessment</li><li>Trends in Benthic-Macroinvertebrate and Chemical Data</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671d72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reif, Andrew G. 0000-0002-5054-5207 agreif@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-5207","contributorId":2632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reif","given":"Andrew","email":"agreif@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44564,"text":"wri024220 - 2002 - Potential effects of structural controls and street sweeping on stormwater loads to the lower Charles River, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-05T21:38:12.204066","indexId":"wri024220","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4220","title":"Potential effects of structural controls and street sweeping on stormwater loads to the lower Charles River, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The water quality of the lower Charles River is periodically impaired by combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and non-CSO stormwater runoff. This study examined the potential non-CSO load reductions of suspended solids, fecal coliform bacteria, total phosphorus, and total lead that could reasonably be achieved by implementation of stormwater best management practices, including both structural controls and systematic street sweeping. Structural controls were grouped by major physical or chemical process; these included infiltration-filtration (physical separation), biofiltration-bioretention (biological mechanisms), or detention-retention (physical settling). For each of these categories, upper and lower quartiles, median, and average removal efficiencies were compiled from three national databases of structural control performance. Removal efficiencies obtained indicated a wide range of performance. Removal was generally greatest for infiltration-filtration controls and suspended solids, and least for biofiltration-bioretention controls and fecal coliform bacteria.\r\n\r\nStreet sweeping has received renewed interest as a water-quality control practice because of reported improvements in sweeper technology and the recognition that opportunities for implementing structural controls are limited in highly urbanized areas. The Stormwater Management Model that was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey for the lower Charles River Watershed was modified to simulate the effects of street sweeping in a single-family land-use basin. Constituent buildup and washoff variable values were calibrated to observed annual and storm-event loads. Once calibrated, the street sweeping model was applied to various permutations of four sweeper efficiencies and six sweeping frequencies that ranged from every day to once every 30 days.\r\n\r\nReduction of constituent loads to the lower Charles River by the combined hypothetical practices of structural controls and street sweeping was estimated for a range of removal efficiencies because of their inherent variability and uncertainty. This range of efficiencies, with upper and lower estimates, provides reasonable bounds on the load that could be removed by the practices examined. The upper estimated load reduction from combined street sweeping and structural controls, as a percentage of the total non-CSO load entering the lower Charles River downstream of Watertown Dam, was 44 percent for suspended solids, 34 percent for total lead, 14 percent for total phosphorus, and 17 percent for fecal coliform bacteria. The lower estimated load reduction from combined street sweeping and structural controls from non-CSO sources downstream of Watertown Dam, was 14 percent for suspended solids, 11 percent for total lead, 4.9 percent for total phosphorus, and 7.5 percent for fecal coliform bacteria. Load reductions by these combined management practices can be a small as 1.4 percent for total phosphorus to about 4 percent for the other constituents if the total load above Watertown Dam is added to the load from below the dam. Although the reductions in stormwater loads to the lower Charles River from the control practices examined appear to be minor, these practices would likely provide water-quality benefits to portions of the river during those times that they are most impaired-during and immediately after storms. It should also be recognized that only direct measurements of changes in stormwater loads before and after implementation of control practices can provide definitive evidence of the beneficial effects of these practices on water-quality conditions in the lower Charles River.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri024220","usgsCitation":"Zarriello, P.J., Breault, R., and Weiskel, P.K., 2002, Potential effects of structural controls and street sweeping on stormwater loads to the lower Charles River, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4220, v, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024220.","productDescription":"v, 42 p.","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411454,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54163.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":134974,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3780,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri024220/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"lower Charles River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.0667,\n              42.3861\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.225,\n              42.3861\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.225,\n              42.2667\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0667,\n              42.2667\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0667,\n              42.3861\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6838ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zarriello, Phillip J. 0000-0001-9598-9904 pzarriel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-9904","contributorId":1868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zarriello","given":"Phillip","email":"pzarriel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breault, Robert F. 0000-0002-2517-407X rbreault@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-407X","contributorId":2219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breault","given":"Robert F.","email":"rbreault@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weiskel, Peter K. pweiskel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiskel","given":"Peter","email":"pweiskel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}