{"pageNumber":"1074","pageRowStart":"26825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":50516,"text":"ofr02342 - 2002 - Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T15:08:43","indexId":"ofr02342","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-342","title":"Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2001","docAbstract":"

The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, has maintained seismic monitoring networks at potentially active volcanoes in Alaska since 1988 (Power and others, 1993; Jolly and others, 1996; Jolly and others, 2001). The primary objectives of this program are the seismic surveillance of active, potentially hazardous, Alaskan volcanoes and the investigation of seismic processes associated with active volcanism. This catalog reflects the status and evolution of the seismic monitoring program, and presents the basic seismic data for the time period January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2001. For an interpretation of these data and previously recorded data, the reader should refer to several recent articles on volcano related seismicity on Alaskan volcanoes in Appendix G.

The AVO seismic network was used to monitor twenty-three volcanoes in real time in 2000-2001. These include Mount Wrangell, Mount Spurr, Redoubt Volcano, Iliamna Volcano, Augustine Volcano, Katmai Volcanic Group (Snowy Mountain, Mount Griggs, Mount Katmai, Novarupta, Trident Volcano, Mount Mageik, Mount Martin), Aniakchak Crater, Pavlof Volcano, Mount Dutton, Isanotski Peaks, Shishaldin Volcano, Fisher Caldera, Westdahl Peak, Akutan Peak, Makushin Volcano, Great Sitkin Volcano, and Kanaga Volcano (Figure 1). AVO located 1551 and 1428 earthquakes in 2000 and 2001, respectively, on and around these volcanoes.

Highlights of the catalog period (Table 1) include: volcanogenic seismic swarms at Shishaldin Volcano between January and February 2000 and between May and June 2000; an eruption at Mount Cleveland between February and May 2001; episodes of possible tremor at Makushin Volcano starting March 2001 and continuing through 2001, and two earthquake swarms at Great Sitkin Volcano in 2001.

This catalog includes: (1) earthquake origin times, hypocenters, and magnitudes with summary statistics describing the earthquake location quality; (2) a description of instruments deployed in the field and their locations; (3) a description of earthquake detection, recording, analysis, and data archival systems; (4) station parameters and velocity models used for earthquake locations; (5) a summary of daily station usage throughout the catalog period; and (6) all HYPOELLIPSE files used to determine the earthquake locations presented in this report.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02342","usgsCitation":"Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., Tytgat, G., Estes, S., Moran, S.C., Paskievitch, J., and McNutt, S.R., 2002, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-342, Report: PDF, 56 p.; Report: TXT; Appendix F; Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02342.","productDescription":"Report: PDF, 56 p.; Report: TXT; Appendix F; Data","numberOfPages":"56","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":176638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02342.jpg"},{"id":283822,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0342/catalogavo.txt"},{"id":283821,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0342/pdf/of02-342.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":283823,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0342/pdf/appendixf.pdf","text":"Appendix F","size":"3.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix F"},{"id":283824,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0342/avocatalog2000_2001.tar.z.Z","text":"Data Files","size":"2.7 MB","description":"Data Files"},{"id":4328,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0342/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,51.21 ], [ -180.0,67.0 ], [ -140.0,67.0 ], [ -140.0,51.21 ], [ -180.0,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef8a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dixon, James P. 0000-0002-8478-9971 jpdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-9971","contributorId":3163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"James","email":"jpdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stihler, Scott D.","contributorId":31373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stihler","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":241657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tytgat, Guy","contributorId":71152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tytgat","given":"Guy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Estes, Steve","contributorId":55881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Paskievitch, John","contributorId":74050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paskievitch","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McNutt, Stephen R.","contributorId":38133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":50538,"text":"ofr02400 - 2002 - Examples of the utility of magnetic anomaly data for geologic mapping","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-20T11:06:21.385825","indexId":"ofr02400","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-400","title":"Examples of the utility of magnetic anomaly data for geologic mapping","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02400","usgsCitation":"Finn, C.A., 2002, Examples of the utility of magnetic anomaly data for geologic mapping (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-400, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02400.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":178430,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4350,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-0400/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f94b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405 cfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":1326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol","email":"cfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50510,"text":"ofr02322 - 2002 - Isostatic gravity map of Yukon Flats, east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T14:26:47.754092","indexId":"ofr02322","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-322","title":"Isostatic gravity map of Yukon Flats, east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"The gravity data used to make this map were collected between 1959 and 1984. 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The western edge of the map is 1 degree of longitude east of the edge of the three most western quadrangles.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02322","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.L., 2002, Isostatic gravity map of Yukon Flats, east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-322, Map: 50.69 inches x 38.89 inches; Tables: 3 .Doc files; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02322.","productDescription":"Map: 50.69 inches x 38.89 inches; Tables: 3 .Doc files; Metadata","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":176762,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02322.jpg"},{"id":4321,"rank":7,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0322/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283779,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0322/table2.doc"},{"id":283780,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0322/table1.doc"},{"id":283781,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0322/table3.doc"},{"id":283777,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0322/pdf/of02-322.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":283778,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0322/metadata.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -152.00,66.00 ], [ -152.00,68.00 ], [ -141.00,68.00 ], [ -141.00,66.00 ], [ -152.00,66.00 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db66706f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morin, Robert L.","contributorId":82671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50525,"text":"ofr02361 - 2002 - Digital aeromagnetic datasets for the conterminous United States and Hawaii: A companion to the North American magnetic anomaly map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T22:34:39.095023","indexId":"ofr02361","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-361","title":"Digital aeromagnetic datasets for the conterminous United States and Hawaii: A companion to the North American magnetic anomaly map","docAbstract":"

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48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d5d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50508,"text":"ofr02316 - 2002 - Physical data of soil profiles formed on late Quaternary marine terraces near Santa Cruz, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-11T10:32:31","indexId":"ofr02316","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-316","title":"Physical data of soil profiles formed on late Quaternary marine terraces near Santa Cruz, California","docAbstract":"The marine terraces in and around Santa Cruz, California, represent a set of well-preserved terraces formed as a product of geology, sea level, and climate. A marine terrace begins as a wave cut platform. Eustatic sea level changes, seacliff erosion, and tectonic uplift work together to generate marine terraces. \"When a wave-cut platform is raised (due to tectonic activity) above sea level and cliffed by wave action it becomes a marine terrace\" (Bradley, 1957, p. 424). During glacial periods, eustatic sea level is estimated to have dropped by 150 meters (Fairbanks, 1989). Cliff retreat measured from aerial photographs between 1930 and 1980 vary from 0.0 to 0.2 m yr–1 (Best and Griggs, 1991). Estimates of uplift rates along the Santa Cruz coastline vary from 0.10 to 0.48 m kyr–1 (Bradley and Griggs, 1976; Weber and others, 1999). Uplift mechanisms include coseismic uplift associated both with a reverse component of slip on the steeply SW dipping Loma Prieta fault in the restraining bend of the San Andreas Fault and a small component of reverse slip on the steeply SE dipping San Gregorio fault (Anderson and Menking 1994). Previous work studying physical properties on these terraces include Pinney and others (in press) and Aniku (1986) and Bowman and Estrada (1980).\n\nSedimentary deposits of the marine terraces are a mixture of terrestrial and marine sediments but generally consist of a sheet of marine deposits overlying the old platform and a wedge of nonmarine deposits banked against the old sea cliff (Bradley, 1957). Bedrock underlying the terraces in the Santa Cruz area is generally either Santa Margarita Sandstone or Santa Cruz Mudstone. The Santa Margarita Sandstone represents an upper Miocene, transgressive, tidally dominated marine-shelf deposit with crossbedded sets of sand and gravel and horizontally stratified and bioturbated invertebrate-fossils beds (Phillips, 1990). The siliceous Santa Cruz Mudstone, of late Miocene age, conformably overlies the Santa Margarita Sandstone. The Santa Cruz Mudstone is a thin to medium-bedded siliceous mudstone with nonsiliceous mudstone and siltstone and minor amounts of sandstone. The siliceous nature implies organic deposition in a quiescent, deep-water environment. Bedrock is mantled by 1–4 meters of medium to coarse-grained regressive beach sediment and fluvial deposits from the Ben Lomond Mountains.\n\nTerrace age increases with elevation above sea level, and weathering of primary minerals increases with age. The suite of soils formed on the terraces is referred to as a soil chronosequence. Soil chronosequences, important tools in characterizing natural weathering rates, are defined as a group of soils that differ in age and therefore in duration of weathering but have similar climatic conditions, vegetation, geomorphic position, and parent material (Jenny, 1941; Birkland, 1999). Soils are frequently useful indicators of geomorphic age (Muhs, 1982; Switzer and others, 1988) and are a function of pedogenic and/or eolian processes. Some aspects of soil development can be episodic but when viewed on large time scales can be perceived as continuous (Switzer and others, 1988).\n\nThe age of the soil may be constrained by the age of the deposit, since soil formation generally commences when deposition has ceased (Birkland, 1999). Dating of the terraces provides an unprecedented opportunity to study weathering and soil-formation rates (Perg and others, 2001; Hanks and others, 1984; Bradley and Griggs, 1976; Bradley and Addicott, 1968; Bradley, 1956). Ages of the terraces recently dated by cosmogenic radionuclide are, starting with the youngest, 65, 92, 137, 139, and 226 k.y. (Perg and others, 2001). However, these ages are much younger than recent radiometric dates on mollusk shells (Muhs, U.S. Geological Survey, personal communication, 2002; Bradley and Addicott, 1968).\n\nFor this study, soils were sampled on five terraces. Terrace one in the Lighthouse Field along Westcliff in Santa Cruz was the last site selected, and this report contains minimal data on this terrace. Sites on the second, third, and fourth terraces are located in Wilder Ranch, Santa Cruz, California. Site five is on private property north of Wilder Ranch. Careful consideration was taken in selecting field sites, choosing locations in a topographically flat area to avoid effects of erosion, and trying to keep parent material similar.\n\nThis report contains physical properties of the soil profiles on four of the five marine terraces near Santa Cruz, California, excluding the youngest terrace in all tables except 6 and 7. Data includes field descriptions, bulk density, grain size analyses, weight percent magnetic fraction, and the soil development index. Soil properties are important when trying to understand the chemistry of a given profile or when comparing profiles. Grain size constrains the movement of water in a profile, thus controlling movement of chemicals and weathering rates. Bulk density is a useful property to calculate chemical inventory. Quantifying the magnetic fraction aids in understanding the Fe inventory for these soils. The soil development index is a semi-quantitative way to define the degree of development of a soil profile. This is a useful way to compare development of profiles for this chronosequence or compare the Santa Cruz terraces to a suit of other terraces or another chronosequence.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02316","usgsCitation":"Munster, J., and Harden, J.W., 2002, Physical data of soil profiles formed on late Quaternary marine terraces near Santa Cruz, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-316, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02316.","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[{"id":153,"text":"California Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":176760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02316.jpg"},{"id":4320,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0316/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283805,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0316/pdf/of02-316.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Cruz","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.272163,36.948015 ], [ -122.272163,37.117419 ], [ -121.923048,37.117419 ], [ -121.923048,36.948015 ], [ -122.272163,36.948015 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munster, Jennie","contributorId":107364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munster","given":"Jennie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":50535,"text":"ofr02391 - 2002 - Multibeam bathymetry and selected perspective views of main part of Glacier Bay, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-12T13:16:02","indexId":"ofr02391","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-391","title":"Multibeam bathymetry and selected perspective views of main part of Glacier Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"Glacier Bay is a diverse fjord ecosystem with multiple tidewater glaciers and complex biological, geological, and oceanographic patterns that vary greatly along its length. The bay was completely glaciated prior to the 1700's, and subsequently experienced the fastest glacial retreat recorded in historical times. As a result, some of the highest rates of glacial sedimentation and uplift are observed here.\n\nGlacier Bay is the deepest silled fjord in Alaska, with depths of over 450 meters. The variety of physical processes and depths creates many diverse habitats within a relatively small area. Mapping benthic (seafloor) habitats is thus crucial to understanding and managing Glacier Bay's complex marine ecosystem and the marine species therein. High-resolution multibeam mapping of the bay, funded jointly by USGS and the National Park System, provides an unprecedented new baseline for resource and habitat assessment. Full integration of the new data set will require additional ground-truthing data (sampling) and analysis. The USGS goal is to develop integrated geological and oceanographic habitat models for the marine benthos in Glacier Bay, as a step toward determining the habitat relationships of critical species and resources within the Park.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr02391","usgsCitation":"Carlson, P.R., Hooge, P., Cochrane, G., Stevenson, A., Dartnell, P., and Lee, K., 2002, Multibeam bathymetry and selected perspective views of main part of Glacier Bay, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-391, HTML page, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02391.","productDescription":"HTML page","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":4347,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0391/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":178427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr02391.jpg"},{"id":283892,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0391/intro.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -137.0187,58.3049 ], [ -137.0187,59.0615 ], [ -135.3983,59.0615 ], [ -135.3983,58.3049 ], [ -137.0187,58.3049 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b485c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Paul R.","contributorId":81469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooge, Philip","contributorId":51644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooge","given":"Philip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cochrane, Guy","contributorId":104164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochrane","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stevenson, Andrew","contributorId":102787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevenson","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dartnell, Pete","contributorId":33412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Pete","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lee, Kristen","contributorId":78809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Kristen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":50478,"text":"ofr0279 - 2002 - Streamflow gain/loss in the Republican River basin, Nebraska, May 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:21","indexId":"ofr0279","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-79","title":"Streamflow gain/loss in the Republican River basin, Nebraska, May 1975","docAbstract":"This arc and point data set contains streamflow-measurement sites and reaches indicating streamflow gain or loss under base-flow conditions along Republican River tributaries in Dundy and Chase Counties, Nebraska during May 19 to 20, 1975 (U.S. Geological Survey, 1976). The streamflow measurements were made to obtain data on ground-water/surface-water interaction. Flow was observed visually to be zero, was measured, or was estimated at 55 sites. Tributaries were followed upstream until the first road crossing where zero flow was encountered. For selected streams, points of zero flow upstream of the first zero flow site also were checked. \r\n\r\nStreamflow gain or loss for each stream reach was calculated by subtracting the streamflow values measured at the upstream end of the reach and values for contributing tributaries from the downstream value. The data obtained reflected base-flow conditions suitable for estimating streamflow gains and losses for stream reaches between sites. \r\n\r\nThis digital data set was created by manually plotting locations of streamflow measurements. These points were used to designate steam-reach segments to calculate gain/loss per river mile. Reach segments were created by manually splitting the lines from a 1:250,000-scale hydrography data set (Soenksen and others, 1999) at every location where the streams were measured. Each stream-reach segment between streamflow-measurement sites was assigned a unique reach number. All other lines in the hydrography data set without reach numbers were omitted.\r\n\r\nThis data set was created to archive the calculated streamflow gains and losses of tributary streams to the Republican River in Dundy and Chase Counties, Nebraska, in May 1975, and make the data available for use with geographic information systems (GIS).\r\n\r\nIf measurement sites are used separately from reaches, the maximum scale of 1:100,000 should not be exceeded. When used in conjunction with the reach segments, the maximum scale should not exceed 1:250,000.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0279","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M., Stanton, J.S., Cornwall, J.F., and Landon, M.K., 2002, Streamflow gain/loss in the Republican River basin, Nebraska, May 1975: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-79, 2 refs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0279.","productDescription":"2 refs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179023,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4287,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr02-079/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4eb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Michaela R. 0000-0001-6133-0247 mrjohns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-0247","contributorId":1013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michaela R.","email":"mrjohns@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornwall, James F.","contributorId":74067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornwall","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landon, Matthew K. 0000-0002-5766-0494 landon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"Matthew","email":"landon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":50479,"text":"ofr0280 - 2002 - Streamflow gain/loss in the Republican River basin, Nebraska, July 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:21","indexId":"ofr0280","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-80","title":"Streamflow gain/loss in the Republican River basin, Nebraska, July 1975","docAbstract":"This arc and point data set contains streamflow-measurement sites and reaches indicating streamflow gain or loss under base-flow conditions along Republican River tributaries in Dundy and Chase Counties, Nebraska during July 14 to 18, 1975 (U.S. Geological Survey, 1976). The streamflow measurements were made to obtain data on ground-water/surface-water interaction. Flow was observed visually to be zero, was measured, or was estimated at 55 sites. Tributaries were followed upstream until the first road crossing where zero flow was encountered. For selected streams, points of zero flow upstream of the first zero flow site also were checked. \r\n\r\nStreamflow gain or loss for each stream reach was calculated by subtracting the streamflow values measured at the upstream end of the reach and values for contributing tributaries from the downstream value. The data obtained reflected base-flow conditions suitable for estimating streamflow gains and losses for stream reaches between sites. \r\n\r\nThis digital data set was created by manually plotting locations of streamflow measurements. These points were used to designate stream-reach segments to calculate gain/loss per river mile. Reach segments were created by manually splitting the lines from a 1:250,000 hydrography data set (Soenksen and others, 1999) at every location where the streams were measured. Each stream-reach segment between streamflow-measurement sites was assigned a unique reach number. All other lines in the hydrography data set without reach numbers were omitted.\r\n\r\nThis data set was created to archive the calculated streamflow gains and losses of tributary streams to the Republican River in Dundy and Chase Counties, Nebraska, in July 1975, and make the data available for use with geographic information systems (GIS). \r\n\r\nIf measurement sites are used separately from reaches, the maximum scale of 1:100,000 should not be exceeded. When used in conjunction with the reach segments, the maximum scale should not exceed 1:250,000.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0280","usgsCitation":"Johnson, M., Stanton, J.S., Cornwall, J.F., and Landon, M.K., 2002, Streamflow gain/loss in the Republican River basin, Nebraska, July 1975: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-80, 2 refs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0280.","productDescription":"2 refs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4288,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr02-080/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae213","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Michaela R. 0000-0001-6133-0247 mrjohns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-0247","contributorId":1013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michaela R.","email":"mrjohns@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornwall, James F.","contributorId":74067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornwall","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landon, Matthew K. 0000-0002-5766-0494 landon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"Matthew","email":"landon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159118,"text":"70159118 - 2002 - Assessing satellite-derived start-of-season measures in the conterminous USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-15T13:27:51","indexId":"70159118","displayToPublicDate":"2002-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing satellite-derived start-of-season measures in the conterminous USA","docAbstract":"
\n

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-series satellites, carrying advanced very high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR) sensors, have allowed moderate resolution (1 km) measurements of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to be collected from the Earth's land surfaces for over 20 years. Across the conterminous USA, a readily accessible and decade-long data set is now available to study many aspects of vegetation activity in this region. One feature, the onset of deciduous plant growth at the start of the spring season (SOS) is of special interest, as it appears to be crucial for accurate computation of several important biospheric processes, and a sensitive measure of the impacts of global change.

\n
\n
\n

In this study, satellite-derived SOS dates produced by the delayed moving average (DMA) and seasonal midpoint NDVI (SMN) methods, and modelled surface phenology (spring indices, SI) were compared at widespread deciduous forest and mixed woodland sites during 1990–93 and 1995–99, and these three measures were also matched to native species bud-break data collected at the Harvard Forest (Massachusetts) over the same time period. The results show that both SOS methods are doing a modestly accurate job of tracking the general pattern of surface phenology, but highlight the temporal limitations of biweekly satellite data. Specifically, at deciduous forest sites: (1) SMN SOS dates are close in time to SI first bloom dates (average bias of +0.74 days), whereas DMA SOS dates are considerably earlier (average bias of −41.24 days) and also systematically earlier in late spring than in early spring; (2) SMN SOS tracks overall yearly trends in deciduous forests somewhat better than DMA SOS, but with larger average error (MAEs 8.64 days and 7.37 days respectively); and (3) error in both SOS techniques varies considerably by year. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society.

\n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/joc.819","usgsCitation":"Schwartz, M., Reed, B.C., and White, M.A., 2002, Assessing satellite-derived start-of-season measures in the conterminous USA: International Journal of Climatology, v. 22, no. 14, p. 1793-1805, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.819.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1793","endPage":"1805","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5620ce4ee4b06217fc478abf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwartz, Mark D.","contributorId":11092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Mark D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Bradley C. 0000-0002-1132-7178 reed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":2901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bradley","email":"reed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Michael A.","contributorId":149253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":49206,"text":"wri014240 - 2002 - Standard errors of annual discharge and change in reservoir content data from selected stations in the lower Colorado River streamflow-gaging station network, 1995-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T09:22:29","indexId":"wri014240","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4240","title":"Standard errors of annual discharge and change in reservoir content data from selected stations in the lower Colorado River streamflow-gaging station network, 1995-99","docAbstract":"

The Bureau of Reclamation is currently (1995–2001) testing the Lower Colorado River Accounting\nSystem as a method to estimate the consumptive use of Colorado River water by diverters from Hoover\nDam to Mexico. Consumptive use is estimated in the Lower Colorado River Accounting System method,\nin part, on the basis of the annual discharge or annual change in reservoir contents, as well as the variance\nof estimate of the annual discharge or the annual change in reservoir contents at several surface-water\ngaging stations in the lower Colorado River stream-gaging network. The standard error and the variance\nof estimate were determined for the annual discharge at 14 streamflow-gaging stations and for the annual\nchange in content at 2 reservoir-content gaging stations used in the Lower Colorado River Accounting\nSystem for calendar years 1995–99.

\n
\n

The standard error of the annual discharge was determined by using modifications to an existing\nmethod that assumes that the uncertainty in the discharge-rating shift is the main source of uncertainty in\ncomputed discharges and that the discharge-rating shift behaves as a first-order Markovian process. The\nmethod uses Kalman filtering of a first-order Markovian process as a statistical analogy to computing\nstreamflow with a shifted discharge rating. Temporally unbiased residuals from a discharge rating are used\nas a surrogate for the actual shifts used to compute discharge. The standard error of the annual discharge is\ndetermined by using Kalman-filter theory and estimates of four parameters: (1) the measurement variance\nof the discharge measurements used to determine the discharge-rating shift, (2) the process variance of the\ndischarge-rating residuals, (3) the serial correlation of the discharge-rating residuals, and (4) the\nfrequency of the discharge measurements. The existing methodology was improved by estimating the\nmeasurement variance from a semivariogram of the discharge-rating residuals, rather than on the basis of\nempirically derived error estimates for discharge measurements. The process variance and serial\ncorrelation of the discharge-rating residuals are estimated from the semivariogram, rather than a\nvariogram, of the discharge-rating residuals. The empirically derived estimates are based on\ncharacteristics of the discharge measurements such as number of depth and velocity observation sections,\ntype of current meter, and bed material composition and stability. Measurement variance determined from\nthe semivariograms was site specific and is therefore considered a better estimate than measurement\nvariance determined from the empirically-derived estimates. The method of estimating the standard error\nof the annual discharge requires the assumption of unbiased discharge-rating residuals, and for this\nreason, the standard errors presented in this report only represent the random error in the annual discharge\ndata. Estimates of the standard error of the annual change in reservoir content were determined on the\nbasis of the reservoir-surface area and the standard error of reservoir-stage readings.

\n
\n

The standard error of the annual discharge, as a percentage, ranged from 0.11 percent for the All-\nAmerican Canal near Imperial Dam in 1998 to 12.3 percent for the Colorado River below Imperial Dam\nin 1996. The standard error of the annual discharge was less than 2 percent for all 5 years for 11 of the\n14 streamflow-gaging stations. In terms of flow volume, the standard error of the annual discharge ranged\nfrom 97 acre-feet for the Mittry Lake Diversions in 1995 to 77,000 acre-feet for the Colorado River at the\nnortherly international boundary with Mexico in 1998. In general, the standard error of the annual\ndischarge, as a percentage, was smallest at streamflow-gaging stations on the main stem of the Colorado\nRiver; however, the standard error of the annual discharge in acre-feet was largest at these stations\nbecause of the large annual discharge on the main stem. The standard error of the annual change in\ncontent for the two reservoirs ranged from 1,590 acre-feet for Lake Havasu in 1996 to 2,790 acre-feet for\nLake Mohave in 1995.

\n
\n

The variance of estimate of the annual discharge for a streamflow-gaging station can be reduced by\nmaking additional discharge measurements; either by increasing the number of discharge measurements\nmade per site visit, or by increasing the frequency of site visits. Measurement error can be reduced by\nusing the average shift for two or more discharge measurements made during a site visit. For a\nstreamflow-gaging station where measurement error is much greater than process error and the serial\ncorrelation of the discharge-rating residuals is high, an improved gaging strategy would involve making\nmultiple discharge measurements per site visit. In contrast, for a streamflow-gaging station where process\nerror is much greater than measurement error and the serial correlation of discharge-rating residuals is\nlow, the gaging strategy would consist of several single discharge-measurement site visits. For a given\noperating cost or for a given variance of estimate of the annual discharge at a streamflow-gaging station,\nthe optimal site-visit and discharge-measurement strategy can be determined, providing that the travel\ncosts as well as the measurement variance, process variance, and serial correlation of discharge-rating\nresiduals are known.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/wri014240","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Anning, D.W., 2002, Standard errors of annual discharge and change in reservoir content data from selected stations in the lower Colorado River streamflow-gaging station network, 1995-99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4240, x, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014240.","productDescription":"x, 81 p.","numberOfPages":"92","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288431,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4240/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona;California","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.0,32.0 ], [ -116.0,37.0 ], [ -113.0,37.0 ], [ -113.0,32.0 ], [ -116.0,32.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478fe4b07f02db48a18a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anning, David W. dwanning@usgs.gov","contributorId":432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anning","given":"David","email":"dwanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":239304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":49205,"text":"wri024026 - 2002 - Generalized hydrogeology and ground-water budget for the C Aquifer, Little Colorado River Basin and parts of the Verde and Salt River Basins, Arizona and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T09:30:43","indexId":"wri024026","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4026","title":"Generalized hydrogeology and ground-water budget for the C Aquifer, Little Colorado River Basin and parts of the Verde and Salt River Basins, Arizona and New Mexico","docAbstract":"

The C aquifer underlies the Little Colorado River Basin and parts of the Verde and Salt River Basins and is named for the primary water-bearing rock unit of the aquifer, the Coconino Sandstone. The areal extent of this aquifer is more than 27,000 square miles. More than 1,000 well and spring sites were identified in the U.S. Geological Survey database for the C aquifer in Arizona and New Mexico. The C aquifer is the most productive aquifer in the Little Colorado River Basin.

\n
\n

The Little Colorado River is the primary surface-water feature in the area, and it has a direct hydraulic connection with the C aquifer in some areas. Spring discharge as base flow from the C aquifer occurs predominantly in the lower 13 miles of the Little Colorado River subsequent to downward leakage into the deeper Redwall-Muav Limestone aquifer. Ground-water mounds or divides exist along the southern and northeastern boundaries of the Little Colorado River Basin. The ground-water divides are significant boundaries of the C aquifer; however, the location and persistence of the divides potentially can be affected by ground-water withdrawals.

\n
\n

Ground-water development in the C aquifer has increased steadily since the 1940s because population growth has produced an increased need for agricultural, industrial, and public water supply. Ground-water pumpage from the C aquifer during 1995 was about 140,000 acre-feet.

\n
\n

Ground-water budget components for the C aquifer were evaluated using measured or estimated discharge values. The system was assumed to be in a steady-state condition with respect to natural recharge and discharge, and the stability of discharge from major springs during the past several decades supported the steady-state assumption. Downward leakage to the Redwall-Muav Limestone aquifer is a major discharge component for the ground-water budget. Discharge from the C aquifer is estimated to be 319,000 acre-feet per year.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/wri024026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.J., Ward, J., Bills, D., and Flynn, M., 2002, Generalized hydrogeology and ground-water budget for the C Aquifer, Little Colorado River Basin and parts of the Verde and Salt River Basins, Arizona and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4026, Report: vii, 45 p.; Errata: 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024026.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 45 p.; Errata: 1 p.","numberOfPages":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288435,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4026/errata.pdf"},{"id":288436,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4026/report.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Arizona;New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Little Colorado River Basin;Salt River Basin;Verde Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.0,33.0 ], [ -113.0,37.0 ], [ -108.0,37.0 ], [ -108.0,33.0 ], [ -113.0,33.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b13b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Robert J. bhart@usgs.gov","contributorId":598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Robert","email":"bhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":239300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ward, John J.","contributorId":106964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"John J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":239303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bills, Donald J. djbills@usgs.gov","contributorId":4180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"Donald J.","email":"djbills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":239302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flynn, Marilyn E. meflynn@usgs.gov","contributorId":1039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flynn","given":"Marilyn E.","email":"meflynn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":239301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":69383,"text":"i2719 - 2002 - Geologic map of the Low Wassie Quadrangle, Oregon and Shannon counties, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:24","indexId":"i2719","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2719","subseriesTitle":"GIS","title":"Geologic map of the Low Wassie Quadrangle, Oregon and Shannon counties, Missouri","docAbstract":"The bedrock exposed in the Low Wassie Quadrangle, Missouri, comprises Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician aged dolomite, sandstone, and chert. The sedimentary rocks are nearly flat-lying except where they are adjacent to faults. The carbonates are karstified and the area contains numerous sinkholes, springs, caves, and losing-streams.\r\n\r\nThis map is one of several being produced under the U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program to provide geologic data applicable to land-use problems in the Ozarks of south-central Missouri. Ongoing and potential industrial and agricultural development in the Ozarks region has presented issues of ground-water quality in karst areas. A National Park in this region (Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Missouri ) is concerned about the effects of activities in areas outside of their stewardship on the water resources that define the heart of this Park. This task applies geologic mapping and karst investigations to address issues surrounding competing land use in south-central Missouri. This task keeps geologists from the USGS associated with the park and allows the Parks to utilize USGS expertise and aid the NPS on how to effectively use geologic maps for Park management. For more information see: http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/Karst/index.html.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2719","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., 2002, Geologic map of the Low Wassie Quadrangle, Oregon and Shannon counties, Missouri (Online Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2719, Sheet 54 by 40 inches (in color), https://doi.org/10.3133/i2719.","productDescription":"Sheet 54 by 40 inches (in color)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110353,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52730.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"52730"},{"id":188183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6329,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/i2719","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.36749999999999,36.8675 ], [ -91.36749999999999,37 ], [ -91.25,37 ], [ -91.25,36.8675 ], [ -91.36749999999999,36.8675 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Online Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6961d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":280288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69369,"text":"ha748 - 2002 - Potentiometric surfaces, altitudes of the tops, and hydrogeology of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers, Black Hills area, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-07T11:46:08","indexId":"ha748","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"748","title":"Potentiometric surfaces, altitudes of the tops, and hydrogeology of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers, Black Hills area, Wyoming","docAbstract":"

The topographically defined Black Hills and adjacent areas (Black Hills area) of Wyoming (fig. 1) are underlain by two regionally important aquifers-the Minnelusa and the Madison. The Minnelusa aquifer is used extensively in the Black Hills area as a source of domestic and livestock water. The Madison aquifer is an important source of municipal, industrial, agricultural, and domestic water in both the Black Hills area and other parts of Wyoming. Increased demand for water from the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers in the Black Hills area of Wyoming and South Dakota have created a need for better understanding of the hydrology of these two important aquifers.

\n

This report presents information on the potentiometric surfaces and altitudes of the tops of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers in the Black Hills area of northeastern Wyoming using new data collected since completion of earlier studies. In addition, ground-water levels in selected wells are examined, and the relative age of a limited number of ground-water samples are discussed. The information will be of use to government officials, land planners and other individuals who must manage the limited water resources of this growing and developing area.

\n

The scope of the project was limited to wells and springs in the Black Hills area of Wyoming. Water levels were measured during 1998 and 1999 in wells completed in the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers to construct potentiometric-surface maps. The potentiometric surfaces and altitudes of the tops of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers were contoured at the same scale (1:100,000) as studies of the aquifers recently conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the Black Hills area within South Dakota (Carter and Redden, 1999a, 1999b; Strobel and others, 2000a, 2000b). The contours in these studies of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers in South Dakota were \"edge matched\" as closely as possible along the Wyoming-South Dakota State line using the same contour interval. Use of the same contour interval and edge matching will allow for the use of the maps across State boundaries and improve understanding of the aquifers in a larger area within the Black Hills uplift. In places, some contours could not be matched across the Wyoming-South Dakota State line because this investigation was completed after the South Dakota investigations, and additional control points used in this investigation were located in Wyoming near the State line. The reader should note that Minnelusa and Madison outcrop areas and some structural features may not match in some areas along the Wyoming-South Dakota State line when maps in this study area are aligned or \"edge matched\" with maps produced for the South Dakota studies because different sources of geological mapping were used for the studies. Ground-water samples were collected from a subset of measured wells and analyzed for tritium to qualitatively estimate the time of ground-water recharge.

\n

This project was conducted by the USGS in cooperation with the Wyoming State Engineer's Office (WSEO). The study area was almost entirely within Crook and Weston Counties in Wyoming and was bordered on the east by the Wyoming-South Dakota State line.

","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ha748","usgsCitation":"Bartos, T., Hallberg, L., and Ogle, K.M., 2002, Potentiometric surfaces, altitudes of the tops, and hydrogeology of the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers, Black Hills area, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 748, Four sheets; All sheets 42 by 34 inches (in color). , https://doi.org/10.3133/ha748.","productDescription":"Four sheets; All sheets 42 by 34 inches (in color). ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ha748.jpg"},{"id":6318,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/ha748/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.36749999999999,43.5 ], [ -104.36749999999999,44.6175 ], [ -104.11749999999999,44.6175 ], [ -104.11749999999999,43.5 ], [ -104.36749999999999,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db681f98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartos, T.T.","contributorId":6544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartos","given":"T.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hallberg, L.L.","contributorId":77569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallberg","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ogle, Kathy Muller","contributorId":8896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogle","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"Muller","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":280258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":40002,"text":"ofr02312 - 2002 - Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"ofr02312","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-312","title":"Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through 2001","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02312","usgsCitation":"DeWees, R., 2002, Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-312, 41p., 4 figures, 1 table (5 p of text), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02312.","productDescription":"41p., 4 figures, 1 table (5 p of text)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0312/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67749,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0312/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7650","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWees, R.K.","contributorId":32969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWees","given":"R.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":40005,"text":"ofr02358 - 2002 - Water-Quality, Bed-Sediment, and Biological Data (October 2000 through September 2001) and Statistical Summaries of Data for Streams in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:50","indexId":"ofr02358","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-358","title":"Water-Quality, Bed-Sediment, and Biological Data (October 2000 through September 2001) and Statistical Summaries of Data for Streams in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02358","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and David, C.P., 2002, Water-Quality, Bed-Sediment, and Biological Data (October 2000 through September 2001) and Statistical Summaries of Data for Streams in the Upper Clark Fork Basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-358, 82 p., 24 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02358.","productDescription":"82 p., 24 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0358/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":67750,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0358/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee5c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, Kent A. kdodge@usgs.gov","contributorId":1036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"Kent","email":"kdodge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"David, Carlos Primo C.","contributorId":27907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"Primo C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":40006,"text":"ofr02359 - 2002 - Preliminary evaluation of the coal resources for part of the Wilcox Group (Paleocene through Eocene), central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:50","indexId":"ofr02359","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-359","title":"Preliminary evaluation of the coal resources for part of the Wilcox Group (Paleocene through Eocene), central Texas","docAbstract":"The Wilcox Group of central Texas contains shallow (<500 ft) coal deposits that are mined for use in mine-mouth electric power generating plants. These coal deposits range in apparent rank from lignite to sub-bituminous (Tewalt, 1986), and are similar in rank and composition to shallow coal deposits in the northeast and south Texas areas (fig. 1). The coal zones and associated strata in the central Texas study area generally dip to the southeast toward the Gulf of Mexico coastline and basin center. The central Texas resource assessment area includes parts of eight counties (fig. 2). The assessment area was selected to encompass current mining areas and because of the availability of subsurface stratigraphic data in the area. The assessment area is roughly 160 miles long and 5 to 25 miles wide and generally follows the outcrop of the Paleocene - Eocene Wilcox Group in central Texas (figs. 1 and 2). Approximately 1,800 subsurface stratigraphic records from rotary and core drill holes were used to assess the resources of the central Texas assessment area. Of the 1,800 drill holes, only 168 are public data points and are primarily located in the areas that have been permitted for surface mining (fig. 2; Appendix 1). The remaining 1632 drill holes, which are distributed throughout the assessment area, were provided to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) on a confidential basis by various coal companies for use in regional studies. Nine coal zones were identified and assessed in the central Texas assessment area. Several other coal zones (as many as 9 unassessed zones) were identified but were not assessed due to the thinness of the coal beds or the lack of deep stratigraphic data (fig. 3). A total of 7.7 billion short tons of coal was identified in this assessment that excluded the resources within current coal mine lease areas (fig. 2). \r\n\r\nCorresponding maps were constructed to show the overburden, structure contour of the top of the coal zone, and cumulative coal-zone thickness for each of the nine coal zones. Warwick and Crowley (1995) offer a discussion of the general geologic setting and stratigraphy of the central Texas study area, and Tewalt (1986) presents a discussion of the coal quality aspects of the central Texas study area.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02359","usgsCitation":"Warwick, P.D., Aubourg, C.E., Suitt, S.E., Podwysocki, S.M., and Schultz, A.C., 2002, Preliminary evaluation of the coal resources for part of the Wilcox Group (Paleocene through Eocene), central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-359, 80 p., one CD-ROM., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02359.","productDescription":"80 p., one CD-ROM.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3519,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/of02-359/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783 pwarwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter","email":"pwarwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":222813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aubourg, Claire E.","contributorId":87192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aubourg","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suitt, Stephen E. ssuitt@usgs.gov","contributorId":3952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suitt","given":"Stephen","email":"ssuitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":222814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Podwysocki, Steven M.","contributorId":90352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Podwysocki","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schultz, Adam C.","contributorId":82752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":39950,"text":"wri024206 - 2002 - Estimating mean annual streamflow of rural streams in Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:16","indexId":"wri024206","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4206","title":"Estimating mean annual streamflow of rural streams in Kentucky","docAbstract":"Mean annual streamflow ( Q a ), defined as the mean of the series of annual mean streamflow values, was determined for selected rural stream sites in Kentucky. Streamflow data for the available period of record through the 1999 water year (October 1, 1998-September 30, 1999) at 235 continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations with at least 5 years of record located in and adjacent to Kentucky were used in the analysis. Record-extension procedures were applied for selected gaging stations to reduce time-sampling error and, thus, improve estimates of the long-term Q a .\r\n\r\nTechniques to estimate the Q a at ungaged stream sites in Kentucky were developed. One-, two-, and three-variable regression equations that included total drainage area, station latitude minus 36 degrees, and mean basin elevation as explanatory variables were developed by use of ordinary- and generalized-least-squares regression. The three-variable regression equation has an approximate average standard error of prediction of 13.7 percent. The one- and two-variable equations exhibit geographical biases, and the indicated standard errors of prediction may poorly estimate the true prediction errors, depending upon the location in the State. Therefore, the three-variable equation should be used for estimating mean annual streamflow of rural streams in Kentucky whenever possible.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024206","usgsCitation":"Martin, G.R., 2002, Estimating mean annual streamflow of rural streams in Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4206, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024206.","productDescription":"35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":264292,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4206/report.pdf","size":"4826","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":264293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2002/4206/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc8e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, G. R.","contributorId":14004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":40008,"text":"ofr02390 - 2002 - Statistical summaries of water-quality data for selected streamflow-gaging stations in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T14:37:25","indexId":"ofr02390","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-390","title":"Statistical summaries of water-quality data for selected streamflow-gaging stations in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota","docAbstract":"The quantity and quality of current and future water resources in the Red River of the North Basin in North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota are concerns of people who reside within the basin. Additional water resources are needed because of recent growth in population, industry, and agriculture. How the management of current and future water-resources will impact water quality within the basin is a critical issue. Water-quality data, particularly for surface-water sources, will help water-resources managers make decisions about current and future water resources in the Red River of the North Basin. Statistical summaries of water-quality data for 43 streamflow-gaging stations in the Red River of the North Basin in North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota are presented in this report. Statistical summaries include sample size, maximum, minimum, mean, and values for the 95th, 75th, 50th, 25th, and 5th percentiles.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr02390","usgsCitation":"Macek-Rowland, K.M., and Dressler, V.M., 2002, Statistical summaries of water-quality data for selected streamflow-gaging stations in the Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-390, 229 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02390.","productDescription":"229 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":67751,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0390/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":165173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/0390/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macek-Rowland, Kathleen M.","contributorId":50565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macek-Rowland","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dressler, Valerie M. dressler@usgs.gov","contributorId":5791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dressler","given":"Valerie","email":"dressler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":222822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44645,"text":"wri024127 - 2002 - Water quality of the Tlikakila River and five major tributaries to Lake Clark, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1999-2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:01","indexId":"wri024127","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-4127","title":"Water quality of the Tlikakila River and five major tributaries to Lake Clark, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1999-2001","docAbstract":"The Tlikakila River Basin, located in Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, drains an area of 622 square miles. This watershed comprises about 21 percent of the Lake Clark Basin, making it one of the major tributaries to Lake Clark. Due to a sharp decline in sockeye salmon population and the lack of hydrologic data, the Tlikakila River and five other major tributaries to Lake Clark were studied during the summer runoff months (May through September) from 1999 through 2001 as part of a cooperative study with the National Park Service.\r\n\r\nMeasurements of pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations of the Tlikakila River are within acceptable limits for fish survival. Water temperatures at the measurement site reach 0 ?C during the winter and this part of the Tlikakila River may not be suitable for fish. Water temperatures are within acceptable limits for fish during the summer months. The Tlikakila River is a calcium bicarbonate type water with a low buffering capacity. Concentrations of un-ionized ammonia are well below the recommended value of 0.02 mg/L for fish propagation. Annual transport of suspended sediment by the Tlikakila River into Lake Clark ranged from 0.4 to 1.5 million tons during 1999?2001. The fine sediment from the Tlikakila River disperses through the lake over the summer, affecting light transmissivity.\r\n\r\nMost runoff from the Tlikakila River occurs from mid-to-late May through September. Average discharge for these months during 1999?2001 was 6,600 ft?/s. Total annual inflow to Lake Clark from the Tlikakila River ranged from 32 to 45 percent of the total inflow. The relatively high proportion of inflow is due to the presence of glaciers, which comprise 36 percent of the watershed. \r\n\r\nMonthly measurements of flow, field water-quality parameters, alkalinity, and suspended sediment were collected on the remaining five tributaries to Lake Clark: the Chokotonk River, Currant Creek, the Kijik River, the Tanalian River and the Chulitna River. Similar to the Tlikakila River, pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations of these rivers are within acceptable limits for fish survival and the rivers have a low buffering capacity. Small amounts of suspended sediment are transported by the Kijik and Tanalian Rivers due to lakes acting as settling basins in their watersheds. The Chulitna River also transports small amounts of suspended sediment due to its flat topography and the presence of many lakes in the basin. Some suspended sediment is transported by the Chokotonk River and Currant Creek during the runoff season due to the presence of glaciers within their basins, but not as much as the Tlikakila River. The Chulitna River provides the most discharge into Lake Clark after the Tlikakila River and has the warmest water temperature of the major tributaries to Lake Clark. Water temperatures of Currant Creek and the Chokotonk River are similar to the Tlikakila River. The Kijik River and Tanalian River have similar temperatures that may be due to the presence of lakes in their basins and are characterize by slowly declining and rising temperatures. At all sites water temperature approaches 0 ?C during winter months which may not be suitable for fish survival.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri024127","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., 2002, Water quality of the Tlikakila River and five major tributaries to Lake Clark, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Alaska, 1999-2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4127, iv, 29 p. : b ill. (some col.), col. maps ; 28 cm.; 21 illus.; 18 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024127.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. : b ill. 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679d1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Capone, M.K.","contributorId":17670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capone","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thieler, E.R. 0000-0003-4311-9717","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-9717","contributorId":93082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thieler","given":"E.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, D.R.","contributorId":42979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Brien, T.F.","contributorId":86309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":48845,"text":"ofr02168 - 2002 - Updated techniques for estimating monthly streamflow-duration characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:05","indexId":"ofr02168","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2002-168","title":"Updated techniques for estimating monthly streamflow-duration characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada","docAbstract":"Techniques for estimating monthly streamflow-duration characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada have been updated. These techniques were developed using streamflow records at six continuous-record sites, basin physical and climatic characteristics, and concurrent streamflow measurements at four partial-record sites.\r\n\r\nTwo methods, the basin-characteristic method and the concurrent-measurement method, were developed to provide estimating techniques for selected streamflow characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada. In the first method, logarithmic-regression analyses were used to relate monthly mean streamflows (from all months and by month) from continuous-record gaging sites of various percent exceedence levels or monthly mean streamflows (by month) to selected basin physical and climatic variables at ungaged sites. Analyses indicate that the total drainage area and percent of drainage area at altitudes greater than 10,000 feet are the most significant variables. For the equations developed from all months of monthly mean streamflow, the coefficient of determination averaged 0.84 and the standard error of estimate of the relations for the ungaged sites averaged 72 percent. For the equations derived from monthly means by month, the coefficient of determination averaged 0.72 and the standard error of estimate of the relations averaged 78 percent. If standard errors are compared, the relations developed in this study appear generally to be less accurate than those developed in a previous study. However, the new relations are based on additional data and the slight increase in error may be due to the wider range of streamflow for a longer period of record, 1995-2000.\r\n\r\nIn the second method, streamflow measurements at partial-record sites were correlated with concurrent streamflows at nearby gaged sites by the use of linear-regression techniques. Statistical measures of results using the second method typically indicated greater accuracy than for the first method. However, to make estimates for individual months, the concurrent-measurement method requires several years additional streamflow data at more partial-record sites. Thus, exceedence values for individual months are not yet available due to the low number of concurrent-streamflow-measurement data available. Reliability, limitations, and applications of both estimating methods are described herein.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr02168","usgsCitation":"Hess, G.W., 2002, Updated techniques for estimating monthly streamflow-duration characteristics at ungaged and partial-record sites in central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2002-168, iii, 13 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr02168.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4065,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr02168/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e479de4b07f02db491d3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Glen W.","contributorId":19136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44313,"text":"ofr01420 - 2002 - Ground-water and surface-water quality data for the West Branch Canal Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, November 1999-May 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-28T21:34:37.356485","indexId":"ofr01420","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-420","title":"Ground-water and surface-water quality data for the West Branch Canal Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, November 1999-May 2001","docAbstract":"

This report presents ground-water and surface-water quality data from samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey from November 1999 through May 2001 at West Branch Canal Creek, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. The report also provides a description of the sampling and analytical methods that were used to collect and analyze the samples, and includes an evaluation of the quality-assurance data. The ground-water sampling network included two 4-inch wells, two 2-inch wells, sixteen 1-inch piezometers, one hundred thirteen 0.75-inch piezometers, two 0.25-inch flexible-tubing piezo-meters, twenty-seven 0.25-inch piezometers, and forty-two multi-level monitoring system depths at six sites. Ground-water profiler samples were collected from nine sites at 34 depths. In addition, passive-diffusion-bag samplers were deployed at four sites, and porous-membrane sampling devices were installed in the upper sediment at five sites. Surface-water samples were collected from 20 sites. Samples were collected from wells and 0.75-inch piezometers for measurement of field parameters and reduction-oxidation constituents, and analysis of inorganic and organic constituents, during three sampling events in March-April and June-August 2000, and May 2001. Surface-water samples were collected from November 1999 through September 2000 during five sampling events for analysis of organic constituents. Ground-water profiler samples were collected in April-May 2000, and analyzed for field measurements, reduction-oxidation constituents, and inorganic constituents and organic constituents. Passive-diffusion-bag samplers were installed in September 2000, and samples were analyzed for organic constituents. Multi-level monitoring system samples were collected and analyzed for field measurements and reduction-oxidation constituents, inorganic constituents, and organic constituents in March-April and June-August 2000. Field measurements and organic constituents were collected from 0.25-inch piezometers during three sampling rounds in March-April and June-August 2000, and May 2001. Porous-mem-brane sampling devices were installed at depths of up to 3 feet and sampled for organic compounds and reduction-oxidation constituents in March and June 2000, and May 2001. Field measurements, reduction-oxidation constituents, inorganic and organic ground-water samples were collected and analyzed from 1-inch piezometers in May 2001.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01420","usgsCitation":"Spencer, T.A., Phelan, D.J., Olsen, L., and Lorah, M.M., 2002, Ground-water and surface-water quality data for the West Branch Canal Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, November 1999-May 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-420, viii, 295 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01420.","productDescription":"viii, 295 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423021,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_52338.htm"},{"id":81648,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0420/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":3725,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01-420/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":167863,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0420/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Aberdeen Proving Ground, West Branch Canal Creek area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.32517467524768,\n 39.4195139895742\n ],\n [\n -76.32517467524768,\n 39.386701032282815\n ],\n [\n -76.2836799382649,\n 39.386701032282815\n ],\n [\n -76.2836799382649,\n 39.4195139895742\n ],\n [\n -76.32517467524768,\n 39.4195139895742\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d3f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, Tracey A.","contributorId":59477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"Tracey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phelan, Daniel J.","contributorId":51716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelan","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, Lisa D. ldolsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Lisa D.","email":"ldolsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorah, Michelle M. 0000-0002-9236-587X mmlorah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-587X","contributorId":1437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorah","given":"Michelle","email":"mmlorah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":39852,"text":"ds76 - 2002 - HAZPAC: An interactive map of Pacific Rim natural hazards, population, and infrastructure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T21:08:43.043601","indexId":"ds76","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76","title":"HAZPAC: An interactive map of Pacific Rim natural hazards, population, and infrastructure","docAbstract":"This is an online version of a CD-ROM publication. The text files that describe using this publication make reference to software provided on the disc. For this online version the software can be downloaded for free from Adobe Systems and Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI). \r\n\r\nWelcome to HAZPAC! HAZPAC is an interactive map about natural hazard risk in the Pacific Rim region. It is intended to communicate to a broad audience the ideas of 'Crowding the Rim,' which is an international, public-private partnership that fosters collaborative solutions for regional risks. HAZPAC, which stands for 'HAZards of the PACific,' uses Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to help people visualize the socioeconomic connections and shared hazard vulnerabilities among Pacific Rim countries, as well as to explore the general nature of risk. \r\n\r\nPlease refer to the 'INTRODUCTION TO HAZPAC' section of the readme file below to determine which HAZPAC project will be right for you. \r\n\r\nOnce you have decided which HAZPAC project is suitable for you, please refer to the 'GETTING STARTED' sections in the readme file for some basic information that will help you begin using HAZPAC. Also, we highly recommend that you follow the Tutorial exercises in the project-specific HAZPAC User Guides. The User Guides are PDF (Portable Document Format) files that must be read with Adobe Acrobat Reader (a free copy of Acrobat Reader is available using the link near the bottom of this page).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds76","usgsCitation":"Bemis, B.L., Goss, H.V., Yurkovich, E.S., Perron, T.J., and Howell, D.G., 2002, HAZPAC: An interactive map of Pacific Rim natural hazards, population, and infrastructure: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 76, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds76.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410498,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_53753.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3566,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-76/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Pacific Rim","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649eba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bemis, B. L.","contributorId":29046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bemis","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goss, H. V.","contributorId":26746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goss","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yurkovich, E. S.","contributorId":17677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yurkovich","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perron, T. J.","contributorId":50207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perron","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howell, D. G.","contributorId":52546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":222429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":39859,"text":"fs05902 - 2002 - Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed of central Arizona: A project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-13T22:01:47.726695","indexId":"fs05902","displayToPublicDate":"2002-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2002","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"059-02","title":"Investigation of the geology and hydrology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed of central Arizona: A project of the Arizona Rural Watershed Initiative","docAbstract":"

The upper and middle Verde River watershed in west-central Arizona is an area rich in natural beauty and cultural history and is an increasingly popular destination for tourists, recreationists, and permanent residents seeking its temperate climate. The diverse terrain of the region includes broad desert valleys, upland plains, forested mountain ranges, narrow canyons, and riparian areas along perennial stream reaches. The area is predominantly in Yavapai County, which in 1999 was the fastest-growing rural county in the United States (Woods and Poole Economics, Inc., 1999); by 2050, the population is projected to more than double. Such growth will increase demands on water resources. The domestic, industrial, and recreational interests of the population will need to be balanced against protection of riparian, woodland, and other natural areas and their associated wildlife and aquatic habitats. Sound management decisions will be required that are based on an understanding of the interactions between local and regional aquifers, surface-water bodies, and recharge and discharge areas. This understanding must include the influence of climate, geology, topography, and cultural development on those components of the hydrologic system.

\n
\n

In 1999, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR), initiated a regional investigation of the hydrogeology of the upper and middle Verde River watershed. The project is part of the Rural Watershed Initiative (RWI), a program established by the State of Arizona and managed by the ADWR that addresses water supply issues in rural areas while encouraging participation from stakeholder groups in affected communities. The USGS is performing similar RWI investigations on the Colorado Plateau to the north and in the Mogollon Highlands to the east of the Verde River study area (Parker and Flynn, 2000). The objectives of the RWI investigations are to develop: (1) a single database containing all hydrogeologic data available for the combined areas, (2) an understanding of the geologic units and structures in each area with a focus on how geology influences the storage and movement of ground water, (3) a conceptual model that describes where and how much water enters, flows through, and exits the hydrogeologic system, and (4) a numerical ground-water flow model that can be used to improve understanding of the hydrogeologic system and to test the effects of various scenarios of water-resources development. In 2001, Yavapai County became an additional cooperator in the upper and middle Verde River RWI investigation.

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