The majority of pollinating insects are generalists whose lifetimes overlap flowering periods of many potentially suitable plant species. Such generality is instrumental in allowing exotic plant species to invade pollination networks. The particulars of how existing networks change in response to an invasive plant over the course of its phenology are not well characterized, but may shed light on the probability of long-term effects on plant-pollinator interactions and the stability of network structure. Here we describe changes in network topology and modular structure of infested and non-infested networks during the flowering season of the generalist non-native flowering plant, Cirsium arvense in mixed-grass prairie at Badlands National Park, South Dakota, USA. Objectives were to compare network-level effects of infestation as they propagate over the season in infested and non-infested (with respect to C. arvense) networks. We characterized plant-pollinator networks on 5 non-infested and 7 infested 1-ha plots during 4 sample periods that collectively covered the length of C. arvense flowering period. Two other abundantly-flowering invasive plants were present during this time: Melilotus officinalis had highly variable floral abundance in both C. arvense-infested and non-infested plots andConvolvulus arvensis, which occurred almost exclusively in infested plots and peaked early in the season. Modularity, including roles of individual species, and network topology were assessed for each sample period as well as in pooled infested and non-infested networks. Differences in modularity and network metrics between infested and non-infested networks were limited to the third and fourth sample periods, during flower senescence of C. arvenseand the other invasive species; generality of pollinators rose concurrently, suggesting rewiring of the network and a lag effect of earlier floral abundance. Modularity was lower and number of connectors higher in infested networks, whether they were assessed in individual sample periods or pooled into infested and non-infested networks over the entire blooming period of C.arvense. Connectors typically did not reside within the same modules as C. arvense, suggesting that effects of the other invasive plants may also influence the modularity results, and that effects of infestation extend to co-flowering native plants. We conclude that the presence of abundantly flowering invasive species is associated with greater network stability due to decreased modularity, but whether this is advantageous for the associated native plant-pollinator communities depends on the nature of perturbations they experience.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0155068","usgsCitation":"Larson, D.L., Rabie, P.A., Droege, S., Larson, J.L., and Haar, M., 2016, Exotic plant infestation is associated with decreased modularity and increased numbers of connectors in mixed-grass prairie pollination networks: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 5, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155068.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069178","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155068","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321287,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d565ee4b07e28b667f764","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, Diane L. 0000-0001-5202-0634 dlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5202-0634","contributorId":2120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Diane","email":"dlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rabie, Paul A. 0000-0003-4364-2268","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-2268","contributorId":74328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabie","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Droege, Sam sdroege@usgs.gov","contributorId":3464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","email":"sdroege@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larson, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6259-0101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6259-0101","contributorId":68144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haar, Milton","contributorId":14302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haar","given":"Milton","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176572,"text":"70176572 - 2016 - Announcement—guidance document for acquiring reliable data in ecological restoration projects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-21T15:40:21","indexId":"70176572","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Announcement—guidance document for acquiring reliable data in ecological restoration projects","docAbstract":"The Laurentian Great Lakes are undergoing intensive ecological restoration in Canada and the United States. In the United States, an interagency committee was formed to facilitate implementation of quality practices for federally funded restoration projects in the Great Lakes basin. The Committee's responsibilities include developing a guidance document that will provide a common approach to the application of quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) practices for restoration projects. The document will serve as a “how-to” guide for ensuring data quality during each aspect of ecological restoration projects. In addition, the document will provide suggestions on linking QA/QC data with the routine project data and hints on creating detailed supporting documentation. Finally, the document will advocate integrating all components of the project, including QA/QC applications, into an overarching decision-support framework. The guidance document is expected to be released by the U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office in 2017.","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science, Inc.","doi":"10.1111/rec.12367","usgsCitation":"Stapanian, M.A., Rodriguez, K., Lewis, T.E., Blume, L., Palmer, C.J., Walters, L., Schofield, J., Amos, M.M., and Bucher, A., 2016, Announcement—guidance document for acquiring reliable data in ecological restoration projects: Restoration Ecology, v. 24, no. 5, p. 570-572, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12367.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"570","endPage":"572","ipdsId":"IP-074032","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328834,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6bbe4b0bc0bec09cb0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stapanian, Martin A. 0000-0001-8173-4273 mstapanian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-4273","contributorId":3425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"Martin","email":"mstapanian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Karen","contributorId":174767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, Timothy E.","contributorId":174768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blume, Louis","contributorId":174769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blume","given":"Louis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Palmer, Craig J.","contributorId":36028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Walters, Lynn","contributorId":174778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walters","given":"Lynn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schofield, Judith","contributorId":174779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schofield","given":"Judith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Amos, Molly M.","contributorId":174780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amos","given":"Molly","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bucher, Adam","contributorId":174781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bucher","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70175784,"text":"70175784 - 2016 - Novel insights from NMR spectroscopy into seasonal changes in the composition of dissolved organic matter exported to the Bering Sea by the Yukon River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T10:23:58","indexId":"70175784","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-15T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Novel insights from NMR spectroscopy into seasonal changes in the composition of dissolved organic matter exported to the Bering Sea by the Yukon River","docAbstract":"Seasonal (spring freshet, summer–autumn, and winter) variability in the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the Yukon River was determined using advanced one- and two-dimensional (2D) solid-state NMR spectroscopy, coupled with isotopic measurements and UV–visible spectroscopy. Analyses were performed on two major DOM fractions, the hydrophobic organic acid (HPOA) and transphilic organic acid (TPIA) fractions obtained using XAD resins. Together these two fractions comprised 64–74% of the total DOM. Carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM) accounted for the majority of carbon atoms in the HPOA (63–77%) and TPIA (54–78%) samples, and more so in winter and summer than in spring samples. 2D and selective NMR data revealed association of abundant nonprotonated O-alkyl and quaternary alkyl C (OCnp, OCnpO and Cq, 13–17% of HPOA and 15–20% of TPIA) and isolated O–CH structures with CRAM, which were not recognized in previous studies. Spectral editing and 2D NMR allowed for the discrimination of carbohydrate-like O-alkyl C from non-carbohydrate O-alkyl C. Whereas two spring freshet TPIA samples contained carbohydrate clusters such as carboxylated carbohydrates (16% and 26%), TPIA samples from other seasons or HPOA samples mostly had small amounts (<8%) of sugar rings dispersed in a nonpolar alkyl environment. Though nonprotonated aromatic C represented the largest fraction of aromatic C in all HPOA/TPIA isolates, only a small fraction (∼5% in HPOA and 3% in TPIA) was possibly associated with dissolved black carbon. Our results imply a relatively stable portion of DOM exported by the Yukon River across different seasons, due to the predominance of CRAM and their associated nonprotonated C–O and O–C–O structures, and elevated reactivity (bio- and photo-lability) of spring DOM due to the presence of terrestrial inputs enriched in carbohydrates and aromatic structures.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.029","usgsCitation":"Cao, X., Aiken, G.R., Spencer, R., Butler, K.D., Mao, J., and Schmidt-Rohr, K., 2016, Novel insights from NMR spectroscopy into seasonal changes in the composition of dissolved organic matter exported to the Bering Sea by the Yukon River: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 181, p. 72-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.029.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"88","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073317","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":326925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -163.2568359375,\n 63.05495931065107\n ],\n [\n -164.00390625,\n 63.35212928507874\n ],\n [\n -164.8828125,\n 63.31268278043484\n ],\n [\n -165.322265625,\n 62.83508901142283\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 62.32920841458002\n ],\n [\n -165.9814453125,\n 61.95961583829658\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 61.64816245852389\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 61.270232790000634\n ],\n [\n -165.5419921875,\n 60.973107109199404\n ],\n [\n -164.53125,\n 60.88770004207789\n ],\n [\n -162.4658203125,\n 61.10078883158897\n ],\n [\n -159.78515624999997,\n 61.81466389468391\n ],\n [\n -157.67578125,\n 62.36999628130772\n ],\n [\n -156.4453125,\n 62.79493487887006\n ],\n [\n -152.05078125,\n 63.27318217465046\n ],\n [\n -150.0732421875,\n 63.35212928507874\n ],\n [\n -147.216796875,\n 63.35212928507874\n ],\n [\n -145.5908203125,\n 63.194018438087845\n ],\n [\n -144.8876953125,\n 62.22699603631975\n ],\n [\n -142.91015625,\n 61.41775026352099\n ],\n [\n -138.9111328125,\n 60.413852350464914\n ],\n [\n -135.966796875,\n 60.10867046303597\n ],\n [\n -132.4951171875,\n 59.66774058164963\n ],\n [\n -130.9130859375,\n 58.859223547066584\n ],\n [\n -126.474609375,\n 58.97266715450153\n ],\n [\n -125.1123046875,\n 59.99898612060444\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 61.10078883158897\n ],\n [\n -124.3212890625,\n 62.22699603631975\n ],\n [\n -125.20019531249999,\n 64.16810689799152\n ],\n [\n -126.73828125,\n 64.9607663214987\n ],\n [\n -129.5947265625,\n 65.49474141843486\n ],\n [\n -131.5283203125,\n 65.49474141843486\n ],\n [\n -133.8134765625,\n 65.18303007291382\n ],\n [\n -140.80078125,\n 66.08936427047088\n ],\n [\n -141.6796875,\n 67.7094454829218\n ],\n [\n -141.1962890625,\n 68.72044056989829\n ],\n [\n -141.240234375,\n 69.3493386397765\n ],\n [\n -144.580078125,\n 69.79413569863112\n ],\n [\n -148.53515625,\n 69.39578308847753\n ],\n [\n -149.4140625,\n 69.14692017504962\n ],\n [\n -150.9521484375,\n 68.64055504059381\n ],\n [\n -153.80859375,\n 68.39918004344189\n ],\n [\n -155.56640625,\n 68.28565146003619\n ],\n [\n -157.5,\n 67.69277095059344\n ],\n [\n -157.2802734375,\n 66.86108230224612\n ],\n [\n -157.8076171875,\n 66.28453710088559\n ],\n [\n -160.4443359375,\n 65.67638148211446\n ],\n [\n -160.3125,\n 65.14611484756372\n ],\n [\n -160.26855468749997,\n 64.49172504435471\n ],\n [\n -160.576171875,\n 63.58767529470318\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 63.48976680530999\n ],\n [\n -162.333984375,\n 63.84066844285508\n ],\n [\n -162.5537109375,\n 63.48976680530999\n ],\n [\n -163.2568359375,\n 63.05495931065107\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"181","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b82de0e4b03fd6b7da395f","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.029","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.02.029","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Cao Xiaoyan, Aiken George R., Spencer Robert G.M., Butler Kenna, Mao Jingdong, Schmidt-Rohr Klaus","journalName":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","publicationDate":"5/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cao, Xiaoyan","contributorId":86238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cao","given":"Xiaoyan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - 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M.","affiliations":[{"id":12894,"text":"Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. kebutler@usgs.gov","contributorId":3283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":646350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mao, Jingdong","contributorId":79373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mao","given":"Jingdong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schmidt-Rohr, Klaus","contributorId":173865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt-Rohr","given":"Klaus","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27307,"text":"Dept. of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70199499,"text":"70199499 - 2016 - Calorific value and compositional ultimate analysis with a case study of a Texas lignite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-20T10:52:43","indexId":"70199499","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-15T10:52:21","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calorific value and compositional ultimate analysis with a case study of a Texas lignite","docAbstract":"Measurements to determine coal quality as fuel include proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and calorific value. The latter is an attribute taking non-negative real values, so a simple transformation is sufficient for its spatial modeling applying geostatistics. The analyses, however, involve proportions that follow the properties of compositional data, thus requiring special preprocessing for an adequate modeling already described in a previous publication for the case of proximate analysis data.1 Here we model the results of calorific value and ultimate analysis. We propose to use two different binary partitions, one per analysis, map the corresponding isometric logratio transformations, and backtransform the results. The methodology is illustrated using the same coal bed in the previous paper modeling proximate analysis data. Results are summarized using probability maps that, in the case of this deposit, show a prominent channel crossing the deposit and separating the best quality coal from that of lower quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2016.05.005","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., Luppens, J., Egozcue, J.J., and Pawlowsky-Glahn, V., 2016, Calorific value and compositional ultimate analysis with a case study of a Texas lignite: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 162, p. 27-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2016.05.005.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-071169","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357542,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"162","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bc0335ae4b0fc368eb53a80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":120616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":745594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luppens, James 0000-0001-7607-8750","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-8750","contributorId":208009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luppens","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":745595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Egozcue, Juan J.","contributorId":208010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Egozcue","given":"Juan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37677,"text":"Dept. Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pawlowsky-Glahn, Vera","contributorId":208011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pawlowsky-Glahn","given":"Vera","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37678,"text":"Dept. Informatics, Applied Matematics and Statistics, Universitat de Girona, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":745597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173839,"text":"70173839 - 2016 - Hydrogeochemistry and coal-associated bacterial populations from a methanogenic coal bed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T16:22:34","indexId":"70173839","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-15T05:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeochemistry and coal-associated bacterial populations from a methanogenic coal bed","docAbstract":"Biogenic coalbed methane (CBM), a microbially-generated source of natural gas trapped within coal beds, is an important energy resource in many countries. Specific bacterial populations and enzymes involved in coal degradation, the potential rate-limiting step of CBM formation, are relatively unknown. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has established a field site, (Birney test site), in an undeveloped area of the Powder River Basin (PRB), with four wells completed in the Flowers-Goodale coal bed, one in the overlying sandstone formation, and four in overlying and underlying coal beds (Knoblach, Nance, and Terret). The nine wells were positioned to characterize the hydraulic conductivity of the Flowers-Goodale coal bed and were selectively cored to investigate the hydrogeochemistry and microbiology associated with CBM production at the Birney test site. Aquifer-test results indicated the Flowers-Goodale coal bed, in a zone from about 112 to 120 m below land surface at the test site, had very low hydraulic conductivity (0.005 m/d) compared to other PRB coal beds examined. Consistent with microbial methanogenesis, groundwater in the coal bed and overlying sandstone contain dissolved methane (46 mg/L average) with low δ13C values (−67‰ average), high alkalinity values (22 meq/kg average), relatively positive δ13C-DIC values (4‰ average), and no detectable higher chain hydrocarbons, NO3−, or SO42−. Bioassay methane production was greatest at the upper interface of the Flowers-Goodale coal bed near the overlying sandstone. Pyrotag analysis identified Aeribacillus as a dominant in situbacterial community member in the coal near the sandstone and statistical analysis indicated Actinobacteria predominated coal core samples compared to claystone or sandstone cores. These bacteria, which previously have been correlated with hydrocarbon-containing environments such as oil reservoirs, have demonstrated the ability to produce biosurfactants to break down hydrocarbons. Identifying microorganisms involved in coal degradation and the hydrogeochemical conditions that promote their activity is crucial to understanding and improving in situ CBM production.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2016.05.001","usgsCitation":"Barnhart, E.P., Weeks, E.P., Jones, E., Ritter, D.J., McIntosh, J.C., Clark, A.C., Ruppert, L.F., Cunningham, A.B., Vinson, D.S., Orem, W.H., and Fields, M.W., 2016, Hydrogeochemistry and coal-associated bacterial populations from a methanogenic coal bed: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 162, p. 14-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2016.05.001.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071554","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2016.05.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, 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Matthew W.","journalName":"International Journal of Coal Geology","publicationDate":"5/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"5/4/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393 epbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":5385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","email":"epbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weeks, Edwin P. epweeks@usgs.gov","contributorId":2576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Edwin","email":"epweeks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":638632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, 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Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clark, Arthur C. aclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Arthur","email":"aclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":640510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ruppert, Leslie F. 0000-0002-7453-1061 lruppert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-1061","contributorId":660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"Leslie","email":"lruppert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cunningham, Alfred 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fields, Matthew W.","contributorId":172391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fields","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70191097,"text":"70191097 - 2016 - Fluvial erosion as a mechanism for crater modification on Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T13:48:41","indexId":"70191097","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fluvial erosion as a mechanism for crater modification on Titan","docAbstract":"There are few identifiable impact craters on Titan, especially in the polar regions. One explanation for this observation is that the craters are being destroyed through fluvial processes, such as weathering, mass wasting, fluvial incision and deposition. In this work, we use a landscape evolution model to determine whether or not this is a viable mechanism for crater destruction on Titan. We find that fluvial degradation can modify craters to the point where they would be unrecognizable by an orbiting spacecraft such as Cassini, given enough time and a large enough erosion rate. A difference in the erosion rate between the equator and the poles of a factor of a few could explain the latitudinal variation in Titan’s crater population. Fluvial erosion also removes central peaks and fills in central pits, possibly explaining their infrequent occurrence in Titan craters. Although many craters on Titan appear to be modified by aeolian infilling, fluvial modification is necessary to explain the observed impact crater morphologies. Thus, it is an important secondary modification process even in Titan’s drier equatorial regions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.07.022","usgsCitation":"Neish, C.D., Molaro, J.L., Lora, J.M., Howard, A., Kirk, R.L., Schenk, P., Bray, V., and Lorenz, R.D., 2016, Fluvial erosion as a mechanism for crater modification on Titan: Icarus, v. 270, p. 114-129, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.07.022.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"129","ipdsId":"IP-079697","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"270","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59cb6733e4b017cf3141c69e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neish, Catherine D.","contributorId":13355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neish","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Molaro, J. L.","contributorId":196706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molaro","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lora, J. M.","contributorId":196707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lora","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howard, A.D.","contributorId":95538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schenk, P.","contributorId":105484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bray, V.J.","contributorId":72692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bray","given":"V.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lorenz, R. D.","contributorId":90441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70191096,"text":"70191096 - 2016 - Nature, distribution, and origin of Titan’s Undifferentiated Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T13:45:06","indexId":"70191096","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nature, distribution, and origin of Titan’s Undifferentiated Plains","docAbstract":"The Undifferentiated Plains on Titan, first mapped by Lopes et al. (Lopes, R.M.C. et al., 2010. Icarus, 205, 540–588), are vast expanses of terrains that appear radar-dark and fairly uniform in Cassini Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. As a result, these terrains are often referred to as “blandlands”. While the interpretation of several other geologic units on Titan – such as dunes, lakes, and well-preserved impact craters – has been relatively straightforward, the origin of the Undifferentiated Plains has remained elusive. SAR images show that these “blandlands” are mostly found at mid-latitudes and appear relatively featureless at radar wavelengths, with no major topographic features. Their gradational boundaries and paucity of recognizable features in SAR data make geologic interpretation particularly challenging. We have mapped the distribution of these terrains using SAR swaths up to flyby T92 (July 2013), which cover >50% of Titan’s surface. We compared SAR images with other data sets where available, including topography derived from the SARTopo method and stereo DEMs, the response from RADAR radiometry, hyperspectral imaging data from Cassini’s Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS), and near infrared imaging from the Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS). We examined and evaluated different formation mechanisms, including (i) cryovolcanic origin, consisting of overlapping flows of low relief or (ii) sedimentary origins, resulting from fluvial/lacustrine or aeolian deposition, or accumulation of photolysis products created in the atmosphere. Our analysis indicates that the Undifferentiated Plains unit is consistent with a composition predominantly containing organic rather than icy materials and formed by depositional and/or sedimentary processes. We conclude that aeolian processes played a major part in the formation of the Undifferentiated Plains; however, other processes (fluvial, deposition of photolysis products) are likely to have contributed, possibly in differing proportions depending on location.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.11.034","usgsCitation":"Lopes, R., Malaska, M., Solomonidou, A., Le, G.A., Janssen, M., Neish, C.D., Turtle, E.P., Birch, S.P., Hayes, A., Radebaugh, J., Coustenis, A., Schoenfeld, A., Stiles, B., Kirk, R.L., Mitchell, K.L., Stofan, E.R., Lawrence, K.J., and Cassini RADAR Team, 2016, Nature, distribution, and origin of Titan’s Undifferentiated Plains: Icarus, v. 270, p. 162-182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.11.034.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"162","endPage":"182","ipdsId":"IP-079696","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"270","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59cb6734e4b017cf3141c6a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopes, Rosaly","contributorId":50280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"Rosaly","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malaska, M. J.","contributorId":196701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malaska","given":"M. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Solomonidou, A.","contributorId":196702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solomonidou","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Le, Gall A.","contributorId":36764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Le","given":"Gall","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Janssen, M.A.","contributorId":28345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janssen","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neish, Catherine D.","contributorId":13355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neish","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Turtle, E. P.","contributorId":44281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turtle","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Birch, S. P. D.","contributorId":196703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birch","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hayes, A. G.","contributorId":31098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Radebaugh, J.","contributorId":34639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Radebaugh","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Coustenis, A.","contributorId":11398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coustenis","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schoenfeld, A.","contributorId":196704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoenfeld","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Stiles, B.W.","contributorId":43900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiles","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mitchell, K. L.","contributorId":62734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Stofan, E. R.","contributorId":103403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stofan","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Lawrence, K. J.","contributorId":196705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Cassini RADAR Team","contributorId":127942,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Cassini RADAR Team","id":711183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70191098,"text":"70191098 - 2016 - The tectonics of Titan: Global structural mapping from Cassini RADAR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T13:53:52","indexId":"70191098","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The tectonics of Titan: Global structural mapping from Cassini RADAR","docAbstract":"The Cassini RADAR mapper has imaged elevated mountain ridge belts on Titan with a linear-to-arcuate morphology indicative of a tectonic origin. Systematic geomorphologic mapping of the ridges in Synthetic Aperture RADAR (SAR) images reveals that the orientation of ridges is globally E–W and the ridges are more common near the equator than the poles. Comparison with a global topographic map reveals the equatorial ridges are found to lie preferentially at higher-than-average elevations. We conclude the most reasonable formation scenario for Titan’s ridges is that contractional tectonism built the ridges and thickened the icy lithosphere near the equator, causing regional uplift. The combination of global and regional tectonic events, likely contractional in nature, followed by erosion, aeolian activity, and enhanced sedimentation at mid-to-high latitudes, would have led to regional infilling and perhaps covering of some mountain features, thus shaping Titan’s tectonic landforms and surface morphology into what we see today.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.11.021","usgsCitation":"Liu, Z.Y., Radebaugh, J., Harris, R.A., Christiansen, E., Neish, C.D., Kirk, R.L., Lorenz, R.D., and Cassini RADAR Team, 2016, The tectonics of Titan: Global structural mapping from Cassini RADAR: Icarus, v. 270, p. 14-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.11.021.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"29","ipdsId":"IP-079698","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346098,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"270","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59cb6733e4b017cf3141c69a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, Zac Yung-Chun","contributorId":196708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Zac","email":"","middleInitial":"Yung-Chun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Radebaugh, Jani","contributorId":101792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radebaugh","given":"Jani","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, Ron A.","contributorId":196709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Ron","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christiansen, Eric H.","contributorId":71175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Eric H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neish, Catherine D.","contributorId":13355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neish","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lorenz, Ralph D.","contributorId":56360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cassini RADAR Team","contributorId":127942,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Cassini RADAR Team","id":711199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70173799,"text":"70173799 - 2016 - Quantifying resilience","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T16:04:36","indexId":"70173799","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-14T02:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying resilience","docAbstract":"The biosphere is under unprecedented pressure, reflected in rapid changes in our global ecological, social, technological and economic systems. In many cases, ecological and social systems can adapt to these changes over time, but when a critical threshold is surpassed, a system under stress can undergo catastrophic change and reorganize into a different state. The concept of resilience, introduced more than 40 years ago in the ecological sciences, captures the behaviour of systems that can occur in alternative states. The original definition of resilience forwarded by Holling (1973) is still the most useful. It defines resilience as the amount of disturbance that a system can withstand before it shifts into an alternative stable state. The idea of alternative stable states has clear and profound implications for ecological management. Coral reefs, for example, are high-diversity systems that provide key ecosystem services such as fisheries and coastal protection. Human impacts are causing significant, ongoing reef degradation, and many reefs have shifted from coral- to algal-dominated states in response to anthropogenic pressures such as elevated water temperatures and overfishing. Understanding and differentiating between the factors that help maintain reefs in coral-dominated states vs. those that facilitate a shift to an undesired algal-dominated state is a critical step towards sound management and conservation of these, and other, important social–ecological systems.
\nResilience has gained popularity among both academicians and laypeople, as a term meant to describe a systems’ ability to withstand disturbance. Resilience has become a buzzword in the last decade, as shown by its increasing appearance in calls for research proposals and scientific citation data bases. The term resilience has in many cases lost the clarity of the original definition and in fact is frequently used in a manner in direct opposition to the original definition. Many current uses of the concept are loose and incorrect. The term is becoming increasingly used in a normative sense (Brand & Jax 2007), as if resilience were a desirable quality of systems. However, even systems in highly undesirable states, such as macro-algae dominated reefs, or city cores in poverty traps, may be highly resilient, which is to say they withstand attempts to transform them into different (desirable) states.
\nOperationalizing the concept of resilience for application and management has been difficult. Misuse of the term can have significant negative impacts, because resilience is being used to help guide responses to natural disasters and to assess the sustainability of ecosystems and urban systems and has been driving international research priorities. Resilience has been argued to be a basic emergent property of systems, a process or a rate. We focus on the original concept as described by Holling, which is that of an emergent system property; when a system is in a desirable state and managers wish to enhance resilience, or when the system is in an undesirable state and managers wish to erode resilience and foster a transformation to an alternative state. Fostering or eroding resilience is a process. When a system is perturbed but resilience is not exceeded, then the recovery can be measured as a rate.
\nSeveral frameworks to operationalize resilience have been proposed. A decade ago, a special feature focused on quantifying resilience was published in the journal Ecosystems (Carpenter, Westley & Turner 2005). The approach there was towards identifying surrogates of resilience, but few of the papers proposed quantifiable metrics. Consequently, many ecological resilience frameworks remain vague and difficult to quantify, a problem that this special feature aims to address. However, considerable progress has been made during the last decade (e.g. Pope, Allen & Angeler 2014). Although some argue that resilience is best kept as an unquantifiable, vague concept (Quinlan et al. 2016), to be useful for managers, there must be concrete guidance regarding how and what to manage and how to measure success (Garmestani, Allen & Benson 2013; Spears et al. 2015). Ideas such as ‘resilience thinking’ have utility in helping stakeholders conceptualize their systems, but provide little guidance on how to make resilience useful for ecosystem management, other than suggesting an ambiguous, Goldilocks approach of being just right (e.g. diverse, but not too diverse; connected, but not too connected). Here, we clarify some prominent resilience terms and concepts, introduce and synthesize the papers in this special feature on quantifying resilience and identify core unanswered questions related to resilience.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","publisherLocation":"London, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12649","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.R., and Angeler, D., 2016, Quantifying resilience: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 53, p. 617-624, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12649.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"617","endPage":"624","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071794","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12649","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324270,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6bae4b07657d1a22941","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176281,"text":"70176281 - 2016 - Decadal-scale export of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from the Susquehanna River basin, USA: Analysis and synthesis of temporal and spatial patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-07T12:00:19","indexId":"70176281","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Decadal-scale export of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from the Susquehanna River basin, USA: Analysis and synthesis of temporal and spatial patterns","docAbstract":"The export of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and suspended sediment (SS) is a long-standing management concern for the Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA. Here we present a comprehensive evaluation of nutrient and sediment loads over the last three decades at multiple locations in the Susquehanna River basin (SRB), Chesapeake's largest tributary watershed. Sediment and nutrient riverine loadings, including both dissolved and particulate fractions, have generally declined at all sites upstream of Conowingo Dam (non-tidal SRB outlet). Period-of-record declines in riverine yield are generally smaller than those in source input, suggesting the possibility of legacy contributions. Consistent with other watershed studies, these results reinforce the importance of considering lag time between the implementation of management actions and achievement of river quality improvement. Whereas flow-normalized loadings for particulate species have increased recently below Conowingo Reservoir, those for upstream sites have declined, thus substantiating conclusions from prior studies about decreased reservoir trapping efficiency. In regard to streamflow effects, statistically significant log-linear relationships between annual streamflow and annual constituent load suggest the dominance of hydrological control on the inter-annual variability of constituent export. Concentration-discharge relationships revealed general chemostasis and mobilization effects for dissolved and particulate species, respectively, both suggesting transport-limitation conditions. In addition to affecting annual export rates, streamflow has also modulated the relative importance of dissolved and particulate fractions, as reflected by its negative correlations with dissolved P/total P, dissolved N/total N, particulate P/SS, and total N/total P ratios. For land-use effects, period-of-record median annual yields of N, P, and SS all correlate positively with the area fraction of non-forested land but negatively with that of forested land under all hydrological conditions. Overall, this work has informed understanding with respect to four major factors affecting constituent export (i.e., source input, reservoir modulation, streamflow, and land use) and demonstrated the value of long-term river monitoring.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.104","usgsCitation":"Zhang, Q., Ball, W.P., and Moyer, D.L., 2016, Decadal-scale export of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from the Susquehanna River basin, USA: Analysis and synthesis of temporal and spatial patterns: Science of the Total Environment, v. 563-564, p. 1016-1029, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.104.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1016","endPage":"1029","ipdsId":"IP-070367","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.104","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay, Susquehanna River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 42.309815415686664\n ],\n [\n -75.73974609375,\n 42.309815415686664\n ],\n [\n -75.73974609375,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 39.30029918615029\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"563-564","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a39e4b0571647cf8dbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Qian 0000-0003-0500-5655","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-5655","contributorId":174393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Qian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38802,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Studies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ball, William P.","contributorId":174394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ball","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":27446,"text":"Johns Hopkins University, Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moyer, Douglas L. 0000-0001-6330-478X dlmoyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-478X","contributorId":174389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"Douglas","email":"dlmoyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70170966,"text":"70170966 - 2016 - Modeled effects of soil acidification on long-term ecological and economic outcomes for managed forests in the Adirondack region (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-13T13:39:46","indexId":"70170966","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-13T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeled effects of soil acidification on long-term ecological and economic outcomes for managed forests in the Adirondack region (USA)","docAbstract":"Sugar maple (Acer saccharum) is among the most ecologically and economically important tree species in North America, and its growth and regeneration is often the focus of silvicultural practices in northern hardwood forests. A key stressor for sugar maple (SM) is acid rain, which depletes base cations from poorly-buffered forest soils and has been associated with much lower SM vigor, growth, and recruitment. However, the potential interactions between forest management and soil acidification – and their implications for the sustainability of SM and its economic and cultural benefits – have not been investigated. In this study, we simulated the development of 50 extant SM stands in the western Adirondack region of NY (USA) for 100 years under different soil chemical conditions and silvicultural prescriptions. We found that interactions between management prescription and soil base saturation will strongly shape the ability to maintain SM in managed forests. Below 12% base saturation, SM did not regenerate sufficiently after harvest and was replaced mainly by red maple (Acer rubrum) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia). Loss of SM on acid-impaired sites was predicted regardless of whether the shelterwood or diameter-limit prescriptions were used. On soils with sufficient base saturation, models predicted that SM will regenerate after harvest and be sustained for future rotations. We then estimated how these different post-harvest outcomes, mediated by acid impairment of forest soils, would affect the potential monetary value of ecosystem services provided by SM forests. Model simulations indicated that a management strategy focused on syrup production – although not feasible across the vast areas where acid impairment has occurred – may generate the greatest economic return. Although pollution from acid rain is declining, its long-term legacy in forest soils will shape future options for sustainable forestry and ecosystem stewardship in the northern hardwood forests of North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.008","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; USGS","usgsCitation":"Caputo, J., Beier, C.M., Sullivan, T.J., and Lawrence, G.B., 2016, Modeled effects of soil acidification on long-term ecological and economic outcomes for managed forests in the Adirondack region (USA): Science of the Total Environment, v. 565, p. 401-411, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.008.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"411","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073095","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.008","text":"Publisher Index 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directing road restoration","docAbstract":"Unpaved forest roads remain a pervasive disturbance on public lands and mitigating sediment from road networks remains a priority for management agencies. Restoring roaded landscapes is becoming increasingly important for many native coldwater fishes that disproportionately rely on public lands for persistence. However, effectively targeting restoration opportunities requires a comprehensive understanding of the effects of roads across different ecosystems. Here, we combine a review and a field study to evaluate the status of knowledge supporting the conceptual framework linking unpaved forest roads with streambed sediment. Through our review, we specifically focused on those studies linking measures of the density of forest roads or sediment delivery with empirical streambed sediment measures. Our field study provides an example of a targeted effort of linking spatially explicit estimates of sediment production with measures of streambed sediment. Surprisingly, our review uncovered few studies (n = 8) that empirically tested the conceptual framework linking unpaved forest roads and streambed sediment, and the results varied considerably. Field results generally supported the conceptual model that unpaved forest roads can control streambed sediment quality, but demonstrated high-spatial variability in the effects of forest roads on streambed sediment and the need to address hotspots of sediment sources. The importance of context in the effects of forest roads is apparent in both our review and field data, suggesting the need for in situ studies to avoid misdirected restoration actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.12365","collaboration":"USDA Forest Service, The Wilderness Society, Clearwater Resource Council","usgsCitation":"Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Black, T.A., Thomas, C., Luce, C.H., Rieman, B., Cissel, R., Carlson, A., Hendrickson, S., Archer, E.K., and Kershner, J.L., 2016, Linkages between unpaved forest roads and streambed sediment: why context matters in directing road restoration: Restoration Ecology, v. 24, no. 5, p. 589-598, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12365.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"589","endPage":"598","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072870","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326140,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n 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SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carlson, Anne","contributorId":173473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27234,"text":"The Wilderness Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hendrickson, Shane","contributorId":173474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hendrickson","given":"Shane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Archer, Eric K.","contributorId":173475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Archer","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, 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Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"992","title":"Long-term trends in naturalized rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations in the upper Esopus Creek, Ulster County, New York, 2009–15","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Cornell Cooperative Extension of Ulster County, New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, and the New York City Department of Environmental Protection, surveyed fish communities annually on the main stem and tributaries of the upper Esopus Creek, Ulster County, New York, from 2009 to 2015. This report summarizes the density, biomass, and size structure of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations from the 2015 surveys along with data from the preceding 6 years. The mean density of rainbow trout populations in 2015 was 98 fish per 0.1 hectare, which was the highest value observed since 2010, and the mean biomass of rainbow trout populations in 2015 was 864 grams per 0.1 hectare, which was the highest value observed since 2012.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds992","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Cornell Cooperative Extension of Ulster County, New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, and the New York City Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"George, S.D., and Baldigo, B.P., 2016, Long-term trends in naturalized rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations in the upper Esopus Creek, Ulster County, New York, 2009–15: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 992, 12 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds992.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070172","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321177,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0992/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":321178,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0992/ds992.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.49 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 992"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Ulster County","otherGeospatial":"Upper Esopus Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.566667,\n 42.216667\n ],\n [\n -74.566667,\n 41.916667\n ],\n [\n -74.066667,\n 41.916667\n ],\n [\n -74.066667,\n 42.216667\n ],\n [\n -74.566667,\n 42.216667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180-8349
Information requests:
(518) 285-5602
Or visit our Web site at:
http://ny.water.usgs.gov
The distribution of the Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) has been markedly reduced due to loss and fragmentation of habitat. Portions of the historical range, however, have been recolonized and even expanded due to planting of conservation reserve program (CRP) fields that provide favorable vegetation structure for Lesser Prairie-Chickens. The source population(s) feeding the range expansion is unknown, yet has resulted in overlap between Lesser and Greater Prairie-Chickens (T. cupido) increasing the potential for hybridization. Our objectives were to characterize connectivity and genetic diversity among populations, identify source population(s) of recent range expansion, and examine hybridization with the Greater Prairie-Chicken. We analyzed 640 samples from across the range using 13 microsatellites. We identified three to four populations corresponding largely to ecoregions. The Shinnery Oak Prairie and Sand Sagebrush Prairie represented genetically distinct populations (F ST > 0.034 and F ST > 0.023 respectively). The Shortgrass/CRP Mosaic and Mixed Grass ecoregions appeared admixed (F ST = 0.009). Genetic diversity was similar among ecoregions and N e ranged from 142 (95 % CI 99–236) for the Shortgrass/CRP Mosaic to 296 (95 % CI 233–396) in the Mixed Grass Prairie. No recent migration was detected among ecoregions, except asymmetric dispersal from both the Mixed Grass Prairie and to a lesser extent the Sand Sagebrush Prairie north into adjacent Shortgrass/CRP Mosaic (m = 0.207, 95 % CI 0.116–0.298, m = 0.097, 95 % CI 0.010–0.183, respectively). Indices investigating potential hybridization in the Shortgrass/CRP Mosaic revealed that six of the 13 individuals with hybrid phenotypes were significantly admixed suggesting hybridization. Continued monitoring of diversity within and among ecoregions is warranted as are actions promoting genetic connectivity and range expansion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-016-0812-y","usgsCitation":"Oyler-McCance, S.J., DeYoung, R.W., Fike, J.A., Hagen, C.A., Johnson, J., Larsson, L.C., and Patten, M., 2016, Rangewide genetic analysis of Lesser Prairie-Chicken reveals population structure, range expansion, and possible introgression: Conservation Genetics, v. 17, no. 3, p. 643-660, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-016-0812-y.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"643","endPage":"660","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067088","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321173,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -102.3486328125,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -102.3486328125,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 34.77771580360469\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57359b1ce4b0dae0d5dee77d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10592-016-0812-y","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-016-0812-y","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Oyler-McCance Sara J., DeYoung Randall W., Fike Jennifer A., Hagen Christian A., Johnson Jeff A., Larsson Lena C., Patten Michael A.","journalName":"Conservation Genetics","publicationDate":"1/28/2016","auditedOn":"7/29/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/28/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oyler-McCance, Sara J. 0000-0003-1599-8769 sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1599-8769","contributorId":1973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oyler-McCance","given":"Sara","email":"sara_oyler-mccance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeYoung, Randall W","contributorId":169285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeYoung","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":25464,"text":"2Department of Animal, Rangeland, and Wildlife Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fike, Jennifer A. 0000-0001-8797-7823 fikej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-7823","contributorId":140875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fike","given":"Jennifer","email":"fikej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hagen, Christian A.","contributorId":107574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagen","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Jeff A.","contributorId":107208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Jeff A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Larsson, Lena C.","contributorId":169286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larsson","given":"Lena","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Patten, Michael","contributorId":169287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patten","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70170756,"text":"70170756 - 2016 - Reply to comments by Riley and Dunlop on He et al. (2015)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T10:13:47","indexId":"70170756","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-12T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to comments by Riley and Dunlop on He et al. (2015)","docAbstract":"He et al. (2015) described piscivory patterns in the main basin of Lake Huron 1984-2010, during which there was also a pattern of stepwise declines in the abundance of dominant prey fish species. The approach of He et al. (2015) was to couple age-structured stock assessment and fish bioenergetics models to estimate prey fish consumption, and to compare these patterns with prey fish biomass from a bottom trawl survey. Riley and Dunlop (2015) were highly critical of the methods and conclusions reached by He et al. (2015). They claimed that we incorrectly interpreted the bottom trawl survey data, and did not account for uncertainty. We respond to these and other criticisms below, which we find do not undermine our findings.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0522","usgsCitation":"Bence, J., Madenjian, C.P., He, J.X., Fielder, D.G., Pothoven, S.A., Dobiesz, N.E., Johnson, J.E., Ebener, M.P., Cottrill, R.A., Mohr, L.C., and Koproski, S.R., 2016, Reply to comments by Riley and Dunlop on He et al. (2015): Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 5, p. 865-868, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0522.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"865","endPage":"868","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070920","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321175,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57359b1ce4b0dae0d5dee781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bence, James R.","contributorId":95026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bence","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"He, Ji X.","contributorId":53254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Ji","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fielder, David G.","contributorId":127528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fielder","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6983,"text":"Michigan DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pothoven, Steven A.","contributorId":92998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pothoven","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dobiesz, Norine E.","contributorId":75115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobiesz","given":"Norine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, James E.","contributorId":45668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ebener, Mark P.","contributorId":25099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebener","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12957,"text":"Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cottrill, R. Adam","contributorId":169047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cottrill","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":6780,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mohr, Lloyd C.","contributorId":77493,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mohr","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Koproski, Scott R.","contributorId":138499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koproski","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70169869,"text":"ofr20161052 - 2016 - QRev—Software for computation and quality assurance of acoustic doppler current profiler moving-boat streamflow measurements—User’s manual for version 2.8","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T13:11:56","indexId":"ofr20161052","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-12T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1052","title":"QRev—Software for computation and quality assurance of acoustic doppler current profiler moving-boat streamflow measurements—User’s manual for version 2.8","docAbstract":"The software program, QRev computes the discharge from moving-boat acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements using data collected with any of the Teledyne RD Instrument or SonTek bottom tracking acoustic Doppler current profilers. The computation of discharge is independent of the manufacturer of the acoustic Doppler current profiler because QRev applies consistent algorithms independent of the data source. In addition, QRev automates filtering and quality checking of the collected data and provides feedback to the user of potential quality issues with the measurement. Various statistics and characteristics of the measurement, in addition to a simple uncertainty assessment are provided to the user to assist them in properly rating the measurement. QRev saves an extensible markup language file that can be imported into databases or electronic field notes software. The user interacts with QRev through a tablet-friendly graphical user interface. This report is the manual for version 2.8 of QRev.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161052","usgsCitation":"Mueller, D.S., 2016, QRev—Software for computation and quality assurance of acoustic Doppler current profiler moving-boat streamflow measurements—User’s manual for version 2.8: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1052, 50 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161052. ","productDescription":"vii, 50 p.","numberOfPages":"59","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073112","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321055,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1052/ofr20161052.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.29 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1052"},{"id":321054,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1052/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":324156,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161068","text":"Open-File Report 2016–1068 - ","description":"OFR 2016-1052","linkHelpText":"QRev—Software for Computation and Quality Assurance of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Moving-Boat Streamflow Measurements—Technical Manual for Version 2.8 "}],"contact":"Chief, USGS Office of Surface Water
415 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
(703) 648-5301
Or visit the Office of Surface Water Web site at: http://water.usgs.gov/osw/
","tableOfContents":"Tracking the level of the lava lake in Halema‘uma‘u Crater, at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i, is an essential part of monitoring the ongoing eruption and forecasting potentially hazardous changes in activity. We describe a simple automated image processing routine that analyzes continuously-acquired thermal images of the lava lake and measures lava level. The method uses three image segmentation approaches, based on edge detection, short-term change analysis, and composite temperature thresholding, to identify and track the lake margin in the images. These relative measurements from the images are periodically calibrated with laser rangefinder measurements to produce real-time estimates of lake elevation. Continuous, automated tracking of the lava level has been an important tool used by the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory since 2012 in real-time operational monitoring of the volcano and its hazard potential.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s13617-016-0047-0","usgsCitation":"Patrick, M.R., Swanson, D., and Orr, T.R., 2016, Automated tracking of lava lake level using thermal images at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i: Journal of Applied Volcanology, v. 5, no. 6, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13617-016-0047-0.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050599","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13617-016-0047-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.29483795166016,\n 19.392448679313798\n ],\n [\n -155.29483795166016,\n 19.43842814442463\n ],\n [\n -155.2371597290039,\n 19.43842814442463\n ],\n [\n -155.2371597290039,\n 19.392448679313798\n ],\n [\n -155.29483795166016,\n 19.392448679313798\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57359b1be4b0dae0d5dee770","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patrick, Matthew R. 0000-0002-8042-6639 mpatrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-6639","contributorId":2070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Matthew","email":"mpatrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orr, Tim R. 0000-0003-1157-7588 torr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-7588","contributorId":149803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim","email":"torr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70161744,"text":"70161744 - 2016 - Tidal saline wetland regeneration of sentinel vegetation types in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: An overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-13T09:51:08","indexId":"70161744","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-12T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal saline wetland regeneration of sentinel vegetation types in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: An overview","docAbstract":"Tidal saline wetlands in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGoM) are dynamic and frequently disturbed systems that provide myriad ecosystem services. For these services to be sustained, dominant macrophytes must continuously recolonize and establish after disturbance. Macrophytes accomplish this regeneration through combinations of vegetative propagation and sexual reproduction, the relative importance of which varies by species. Concurrently, tidal saline wetland systems experience both anthropogenic and natural hydrologic alterations, such as levee construction, sea-level rise, storm impacts, and restoration activities. These hydrologic alterations can affect the success of plant regeneration, leading to large-scale, variable changes in ecosystem structure and function. This review describes the specific regeneration requirements of four dominant coastal wetland macrophytes along the NGoM (Spartina alterniflora, Avicennia germinans, Juncus roemerianus, and Batis maritima) and compares them with current hydrologic alterations to provide insights into potential future changes in dominant ecosystem structure and function and to highlight knowledge gaps in the current literature that need to be addressed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2016.02.010","usgsCitation":"Jones, S.F., Stagg, C.L., Krauss, K.W., and Hester, M.W., 2016, Tidal saline wetland regeneration of sentinel vegetation types in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: An overview: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 174, p. A1-A10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2016.02.010.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"A1","endPage":"A10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070031","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321171,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.68115234375,\n 27.644606381943326\n ],\n [\n -90.68115234375,\n 30.883369321692268\n ],\n [\n -84.6826171875,\n 30.883369321692268\n ],\n [\n -84.6826171875,\n 27.644606381943326\n ],\n [\n -90.68115234375,\n 27.644606381943326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"174","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57359b1ce4b0dae0d5dee786","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Scott F. 0000-0002-1056-3785","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-3785","contributorId":152041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":18863,"text":"University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stagg, Camille L. 0000-0002-1125-7253 staggc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-7253","contributorId":4111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stagg","given":"Camille","email":"staggc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":587628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hester, Mark W.","contributorId":9566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hester","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":587629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170840,"text":"fs20163028 - 2016 - Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of the Cooper and Eromanga Basins, Australia, 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-23T09:35:46","indexId":"fs20163028","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-12T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3028","title":"Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of the Cooper and Eromanga Basins, Australia, 2016","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean conventional resources of 68 million barrels of oil and 964 billion cubic feet of gas in the Cooper and Eromanga Basins of Australia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163028","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Tennyson, M.E., Mercier, T.J., Klett, T.R., Finn, T.M., Le, P.A., Brownfield, M.E., Gaswirth, S.B., Marra, K.R., Hawkins, S.J., Leathers-Miller, H.M., and Pitman, J.K., 2016, Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of the Cooper and Eromanga Basins, Australia, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3028, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163028.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073407","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321121,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3028/fs20163028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"692 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3028"},{"id":321120,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3028/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","otherGeospatial":"Cooper Basin, Eromanga Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 137.63671875,\n -29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n 147.0849609375,\n -29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n 147.0849609375,\n -21.248422235627014\n ],\n [\n 137.63671875,\n -21.248422235627014\n ],\n [\n 137.63671875,\n -29.80251790576445\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov
Context: The Columbian sharp-tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus) is a subspecies of conservation concern in the western United States, currently occupying ≤10% of its historic range. Land and management agencies are employing translocation techniques to restore Columbian sharp-tailed grouse (CSTG) populations. However, establishing self-sustaining populations by translocating grouse often is unsuccessful, owing, in part, to low survivorship of translocated grouse following release.
Aims: We measured and modelled patterns of CSTG mortality for 150 days following translocation into historic range, to better understand patterns and causes of success or failure in conservation efforts to re-establish grouse populations.
Methods: We conducted two independent multi-year translocations and evaluated individual and temporal factors associated with CSTG survival up to 150 days following their release. Both translocations were reintroduction attempts in Nevada, USA, to establish viable populations of CSTG into their historic range.
Key results: We observed a clear temporal threshold in survival probability, with CSTG mortality substantially higher during the first 50 days following release than during the subsequent 100 days. Additionally, translocated yearling grouse exhibited higher overall survival (0.669 ± 0.062) than did adults (0.420 ± 0.052) across the 150-day period and higher survival than adults both before and after the 50-day temporal threshold.
Conclusions: Translocated CSTG are especially vulnerable to mortality for 50 days following release, whereas translocated yearling grouse are more resistant to mortality than are adult grouse. On the basis of the likelihood of survival, yearling CSTG are better candidates for population restoration through translocation than are adult grouse.
Implications: Management actions that ameliorate mortality factors for 50 days following translocation and translocations that employ yearling grouse will increase the likelihood of population establishment.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO","doi":"10.1071/WR15158","usgsCitation":"Mathews, S.R., Coates, P.S., and Delehanty, D.J., 2016, Survival of translocated sharp-tailed grouse: Temporal threshold and age effects: Wildlife Research, v. 76, p. 220-227, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR15158.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"227","ipdsId":"IP-123166","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wr15158","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":409691,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Bull Run release site, Snake Mountains release site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.67565479843591,\n 42.00580017615141\n ],\n [\n -112.67565479843591,\n 42.488307313013934\n ],\n [\n -113.4597271559782,\n 42.488307313013934\n ],\n [\n -113.4597271559782,\n 42.00580017615141\n ],\n [\n -112.67565479843591,\n 42.00580017615141\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.62435655087742,\n 41.93556552613373\n ],\n [\n -116.62435655087742,\n 41.015476877982934\n ],\n [\n -114.27213947825084,\n 41.015476877982934\n ],\n [\n -114.27213947825084,\n 41.93556552613373\n ],\n [\n -116.62435655087742,\n 41.93556552613373\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mathews, Steven R. 0000-0002-3165-9460 smathews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3165-9460","contributorId":176922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathews","given":"Steven","email":"smathews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":857689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delehanty, David J.","contributorId":195584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delehanty","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":857690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174265,"text":"70174265 - 2016 - Latest Miocene-earliest Pliocene evolution of the ancestral Rio Grande at the Española-San Luis Basin boundary, northern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-06T17:31:05","indexId":"70174265","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-12T02:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2860,"text":"New Mexico Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Latest Miocene-earliest Pliocene evolution of the ancestral Rio Grande at the Española-San Luis Basin boundary, northern New Mexico","docAbstract":"In order to provide surface geodetic measurements with “landslide-wide” spatial coverage, we develop and validate a method for the characterization of 3-D surface deformation using the unique capabilities of the Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) airborne repeat-pass radar interferometry system. We apply our method at the well-studied Slumgullion Landslide, which is 3.9 km long and moves persistently at rates up to ∼2 cm/day. A comparison with concurrent GPS measurements validates this method and shows that it provides reliable and accurate 3-D surface deformation measurements. The UAVSAR-derived vector velocity field measurements accurately capture the sharp boundaries defining previously identified kinematic units and geomorphic domains within the landslide. We acquired data across the landslide during spring and summer and identify that the landslide moves more slowly during summer except at its head, presumably in response to spatiotemporal variations in snowmelt infiltration. In order to constrain the mechanics controlling landslide motion from surface velocity measurements, we present an inversion framework for the extraction of slide thickness and basal geometry from dense 3-D surface velocity fields. We find that the average depth of the Slumgullion Landslide is 7.5 m, several meters less than previous depth estimates. We show that by considering a viscoplastic rheology, we can derive tighter theoretical bounds on the rheological parameter relating mean horizontal flow rate to surface velocity. Using inclinometer data for slow-moving, clay-rich landslides across the globe, we find a consistent value for the rheological parameter of 0.85 ± 0.08.
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2016 - Climate regulates alpine lake ice cover phenology and aquatic ecosystem structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-24T11:29:43","indexId":"70170886","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-11T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate regulates alpine lake ice cover phenology and aquatic ecosystem structure","docAbstract":"High-elevation aquatic ecosystems are highly vulnerable to climate change, yet relatively few records are available to characterize shifts in ecosystem structure or their underlying mechanisms. Using a long-term dataset on seven alpine lakes (3126 to 3620 m) in Colorado, USA, we show that ice-off dates have shifted seven days earlier over the past 33 years and that spring weather conditions – especially snowfall – drive yearly variation in ice-off timing. In the most well-studied lake, earlier ice-off associated with increases in water residence times, thermal stratification, ion concentrations, dissolved nitrogen, pH, and chlorophyll-a. Mechanistically, low spring snowfall and warm temperatures reduce summer stream flow (increasing lake residence times) but enhance melting of glacial and permafrost ice (increasing lake solute inputs). The observed links among hydrological, chemical, and biological responses to climate factors highlight the potential for major shifts in the functioning of alpine lakes due to forecasted climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016GL069036","usgsCitation":"Preston, D.L., Caine, N., McKnight, D.M., Williams, M.W., Hell, K., Miller, M.P., Hart, S.J., and Johnson, P.T., 2016, Climate regulates alpine lake ice cover phenology and aquatic ecosystem structure: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 10, p. 5353-5360, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069036.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"5353","endPage":"5360","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065721","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/74a41412b86246d8b0d27b74c0bce459","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","volume":"43","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5734499be4b0dae0d5dd68f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Preston, Daniel L.","contributorId":58581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caine, Nel","contributorId":169277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caine","given":"Nel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Mark W.","contributorId":43046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hell, Katherina","contributorId":169278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hell","given":"Katherina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hart, Sarah J.","contributorId":169279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hart","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, Pieter T.J.","contributorId":28508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Pieter","email":"","middleInitial":"T.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70170887,"text":"70170887 - 2016 - The importance of base flow in sustaining surface water flow in the Upper Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-24T11:29:05","indexId":"70170887","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-11T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of base flow in sustaining surface water flow in the Upper Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"The Colorado River has been identified as the most overallocated river in the world. Considering predicted future imbalances between water supply and demand and the growing recognition that base flow (a proxy for groundwater discharge to streams) is critical for sustaining flow in streams and rivers, there is a need to develop methods to better quantify present-day base flow across large regions. We adapted and applied the spatially referenced regression on watershed attributes (SPARROW) water quality model to assess the spatial distribution of base flow, the fraction of streamflow supported by base flow, and estimates of and potential processes contributing to the amount of base flow that is lost during in-stream transport in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB). On average, 56% of the streamflow in the UCRB originated as base flow, and precipitation was identified as the dominant driver of spatial variability in base flow at the scale of the UCRB, with the majority of base flow discharge to streams occurring in upper elevation watersheds. The model estimates an average of 1.8 × 1010 m3/yr of base flow in the UCRB; greater than 80% of which is lost during in-stream transport to the Lower Colorado River Basin via processes including evapotranspiration and water diversion for irrigation. Our results indicate that surface waters in the Colorado River Basin are dependent on base flow, and that management approaches that consider groundwater and surface water as a joint resource will be needed to effectively manage current and future water resources in the Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017963","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Buto, S.G., Susong, D.D., and Rumsey, C., 2016, The importance of base flow in sustaining surface water flow in the Upper Colorado River Basin: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 5, p. 3547-3562, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017963.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"3547","endPage":"3562","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068216","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017963","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321122,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.357421875,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -111.357421875,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -105.8203125,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -105.8203125,\n 35.88905007936091\n ],\n [\n -111.357421875,\n 35.88905007936091\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5734499ee4b0dae0d5dd6915","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buto, Susan G. 0000-0002-1107-9549 sbuto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9549","contributorId":1057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buto","given":"Susan","email":"sbuto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Susong, David D. ddsusong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"David","email":"ddsusong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rumsey, Christine 0000-0001-7536-750X crumsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-750X","contributorId":146240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumsey","given":"Christine","email":"crumsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170896,"text":"70170896 - 2016 - Ephemerality of discrete methane vents in lake sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T11:16:13","indexId":"70170896","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-11T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ephemerality of discrete methane vents in lake sediments","docAbstract":"Methane is a potent greenhouse gas whose emission from sediments in inland waters and shallow oceans may both contribute to global warming and be exacerbated by it. The fraction of methane emitted by sediments that bypasses dissolution in the water column and reaches the atmosphere as bubbles depends on the mode and spatiotemporal characteristics of venting from the sediments. Earlier studies have concluded that hot spots—persistent, high-flux vents—dominate the regional ebullitive flux from submerged sediments. Here the spatial structure, persistence, and variability in the intensity of methane venting are analyzed using a high-resolution multibeam sonar record acquired at the bottom of a lake during multiple deployments over a 9 month period. We confirm that ebullition is strongly episodic, with distinct regimes of high flux and low flux largely controlled by changes in hydrostatic pressure. Our analysis shows that the spatial pattern of ebullition becomes homogeneous at the sonar's resolution over time scales of hours (for high-flux periods) or days (for low-flux periods), demonstrating that vents are ephemeral rather than persistent, and suggesting that long-term, lake-wide ebullition dynamics may be modeled without resolving the fine-scale spatial structure of venting.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016GL068668","usgsCitation":"Scandella, B.P., Pillsbury, L., Weber, T., Ruppel, C., Hemond, H.F., and Juanes, R., 2016, Ephemerality of discrete methane vents in lake sediments: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 9, p. 4374-4381, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068668.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4374","endPage":"4381","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073937","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl068668","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321118,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5734499ce4b0dae0d5dd68f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scandella, Benjamin P.","contributorId":169274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scandella","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pillsbury, Liam","contributorId":169275,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pillsbury","given":"Liam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, Thomas","contributorId":50095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":145770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn D.","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":628957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hemond, Harold F.","contributorId":34673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemond","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13299,"text":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":628961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Juanes, Ruben","contributorId":169276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Juanes","given":"Ruben","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}