Habitat disturbance from development, resource extraction, off-road vehicle use, and energy development ranks highly among threats to desert systems worldwide. In the Mojave Desert, United States, these disturbances have promoted the establishment of nonnative plants, so that native grasses and forbs are now intermixed with, or have been replaced by invasive, nonnative Mediterranean grasses. This shift in plant composition has altered food availability for Mojave Desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii), a federally listed species. We hypothesized that this change in forage would negatively influence the physiological ecology, immune competence, and health of neonatal and yearling tortoises. To test this, we monitored the effects of diet on growth, body condition, immunological responses (measured by gene transcription), and survival for 100 captive Mojave tortoises. Tortoises were assigned to one of five diets: native forbs, native grass, invasive grass, and native forbs combined with either the native or invasive grass. Tortoises eating native forbs had better body condition and immune functions, grew more, and had higher survival rates (>95%) than tortoises consuming any other diet. At the end of the experiment, 32% of individuals fed only native grass and 37% fed only invasive grass were found dead or removed from the experiment due to poor body conditions. In contrast, all tortoises fed either the native forb or combined native forb and native grass diets survived and were in good condition. Health and body condition quickly declined for tortoises fed only the native grass (Festuca octoflora) or invasive grass (Bromus rubens) with notable loss of fat and muscle mass and increased muscular atrophy. Bromus rubens seeds were found embedded in the oral mucosa and tongue in most individuals eating that diet, which led to mucosal inflammation. Genes indicative of physiological, immune, and metabolic functions were transcribed at lower levels for individuals fed B. rubens, indicating potential greater susceptibility to disease or other health-related problems. This study highlights the negative indirect effects of invasive grasses, such as red brome, in desert ecosystems, and provides definitive evidence of a larger negative consequence to health, survival, and ultimately population recruitment for Mojave Desert tortoises than previously understood.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1531","usgsCitation":"Drake, K.K., Bowen, L., Nussear, K.E., Esque, T., Berger, A.J., Custer, N., Waters-Dynes, S.C., Johnson, J.D., Miles, A.K., and Lewison, R., 2016, Negative impacts of invasive plants on conservation of sensitive desert wildlife: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 10, e01531; 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1531.","productDescription":"e01531; 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-072979","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1531","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582dd8eae4b04d580bd3fa93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drake, K. Kristina","contributorId":175153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drake","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kristina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":138964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":653922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Berger, Andrew J.","contributorId":176904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berger","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Custer, Nathan ncuster@usgs.gov","contributorId":5561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Nathan","email":"ncuster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Waters-Dynes, Shannon C. 0000-0002-9707-4684 swaters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-4684","contributorId":5826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waters-Dynes","given":"Shannon","email":"swaters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, Jay D.","contributorId":176906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lewison, Rebecca L.","contributorId":79812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewison","given":"Rebecca L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70177821,"text":"70177821 - 2016 - Ontogenetic development of otoliths in Alligator Gar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-24T09:34:25","indexId":"70177821","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ontogenetic development of otoliths in Alligator Gar","docAbstract":"The Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula is a species of conservation concern throughout its range, and better definition of otoliths during early development would aid understanding its life history and ecology. We conducted X-ray computed tomography scans, scanning electron microscopy, and light microscopy to examine the three pairs of otoliths and how they developed over time in relation to fish size and age. The sagittae are the largest, possessing distinct dorsal and ventral lobes covered with small otoconia concentrated in the sulcul region. The sagittae exhibited allometric growth, increasing more rapidly in the ventral lobe than in the dorsal. The asterisci were smaller and also exhibited small otoconia on their surface, but much less than the sagittae. The lapilli were oriented laterally, in contrast to the sagittae and asterisci, which were oriented vertically, with a hump on the dorsum and very large otoconia on the lateral surface that appeared to fuse into the main otolith as the fish grew. Based on size measurements and ring counts in all three pairs of otoliths from 101 known-age Alligator Gar sampled weekly through 91 d after hatch, we developed regression models to examine otolith growth and predict age. All relationships were significant and highly explanatory, but the strongest relationships were between otolith and fish size (for measurements from sagittae) and for age predictions from the lapillus. Age prediction models all resulted in a slope near unity, indicating that ring deposition occurred approximately daily. The first ring in sagittae and lapilli corresponded to swim-up, whereas the first ring formed in asterisci approximately 8 d after swim-up. These results fill a gap in knowledge and can aid understanding of evolutionary processes as well as provide useful information for management and conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Frances","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2015.1135189","usgsCitation":"Long, J.M., and Snow, R.A., 2016, Ontogenetic development of otoliths in Alligator Gar: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 145, no. 3, p. 537-544, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2015.1135189.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"537","endPage":"544","ipdsId":"IP-058724","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330339,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"145","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"580f1db9e4b0f497e794e4cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snow, Richard A.","contributorId":176213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snow","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":27443,"text":"Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":651909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70177878,"text":"70177878 - 2016 - Dynamic distributions and population declines of Golden-winged Warblers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-25T17:09:33.774891","indexId":"70177878","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5103,"text":"Studies in Avian Biology","printIssn":"0197-9922","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"chapter":"1","title":"Dynamic distributions and population declines of Golden-winged Warblers","docAbstract":"With an estimated breeding population in 2010 of 383,000 pairs, the Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) is among the most vulnerable and steeply declining of North American passerines. This species also has exhibited among the most dynamic breeding distributions, with populations expanding and then contracting over the past 150 years in response to regional habitat changes, interactions with closely related Blue-winged Warblers (V. cyanoptera), and possibly climate change. Since 1966, the rangewide population has declined by >70% (-2.3% per year; latest North American Breeding Bird Survey data), with much steeper declines in the Appalachian Mountains bird conservation region (-8.3% per year, 98% overall decline). Despite apparently stable or increasing populations in the northwestern part of the range (Minnesota, Manitoba), population estimates for Golden-winged Warbler have continued to decline by 18% from the decade of the 1990s to the 2000s. Population modeling predicts a further decline to roughly 37,000 individuals by 2100, with the species likely to persist only in Manitoba, Minnesota, and possibly Ontario. To delineate the present-day distribution and to identify population concentrations that could serve as conservation focus areas, we compiled rangewide survey data collected in 2000-2006 in 21 states and 3 Canadian provinces, as part of the Golden-winged Warbler Atlas Project (GOWAP), supplemented by state and provincial Breeding Bird Atlas data and more recent observations in eBird. Based on >8,000 GOWAP surveys for Golden-winged and Blue-winged warblers and their hybrids, we mapped occurrence of phenotypically pure and mixed populations in a roughly 0.5-degree grid across the species’ ranges. Hybrids and mixed Golden-winged-Blue-winged populations occurred in a relatively narrow zone across Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, southern Ontario, and northern New York. Phenotypically pure Golden-winged Warbler populations occurred north of this hybrid zone, but the future of northern populations in the Great Lakes states and Canada (where >80% of the species occurs at present) is highly uncertain because of continued northward expansion of Blue-winged Warblers and hybridization. A second, now-disjunct band of Golden-winged Warbler populations exists in the Appalachian Mountains from southeastern New York to northern Georgia, surrounded at lower elevations by Blue-winged Warblers. Important concentrations of Golden-winged Warblers persist in the Allegheny Mountains region of West Virginia, the Cumberland Mountains in Tennessee, Blue Ridge Mountains of western North Carolina, Allegheny Plateau and Pocono Mountains in Pennsylvania, and in the Hudson Highlands of southern New York. These high-elevation Appalachian populations have escaped contact with Blue-winged Warblers until very recently and represent important refugia for conservation and management; other Appalachian populations are rapidly declining. In addition, based on historical records and standardized surveys across the wintering grounds, we identified three regions of concentration: highlands and Caribbean slopes from Guatemala and Belize to northwestern Nicaragua; middle elevations (both slopes) in Costa Rica and western Panama; and in an arc of the northern Andes from central Colombia to northern Venezuela. It is possible that the winter range has been shifting towards the northwest in recent decades, paralleling shifts in the breeding distribution. Future conservation efforts for Golden-winged Warbler need to include close monitoring of the dynamic phenotypic and genetic distributional shifts, and may need to consider the “winged warbler” complex together as a highly adaptable evolutionary unit.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Golden-winged Warbler ecology, conservation, and habitat management (Studies in Avian Biology, volume 49)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","isbn":"978-1-4822-4068-9","usgsCitation":"Rosenberg, K.V., Will, T., Buehler, D.A., Barker Swarthout, S., Thogmartin, W.E., Bennett, R.E., and Chandler, R., 2016, Dynamic distributions and population declines of Golden-winged Warblers, chap. 1 of Golden-winged Warbler ecology, conservation, and habitat management (Studies in Avian Biology, volume 49): Studies in Avian Biology, v. 49, p. 3-28.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"28","ipdsId":"IP-059605","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330436,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330361,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11299/189700"}],"volume":"49","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5811c0f2e4b0f497e79a5a6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberg, Kenneth V.","contributorId":171463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosenberg","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":27615,"text":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Conservation Science Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":651970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Will, Tom","contributorId":149777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Will","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17821,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Birds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":651971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buehler, David A.","contributorId":169746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buehler","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":651972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barker Swarthout, Sara","contributorId":176239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker Swarthout","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34544,"text":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":651973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bennett, Ruth E.","contributorId":94622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chandler, Richard rchandler@usgs.gov","contributorId":2511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard","email":"rchandler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13266,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":709868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70177855,"text":"70177855 - 2016 - Seismic imaging beneath an InSAR anomaly in eastern Washington State: Shallow faulting associated with an earthquake swarm in a low-hazard area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-25T10:05:35","indexId":"70177855","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic imaging beneath an InSAR anomaly in eastern Washington State: Shallow faulting associated with an earthquake swarm in a low-hazard area","docAbstract":"In 2001, a rare swarm of small, shallow earthquakes beneath the city of Spokane, Washington, caused ground shaking as well as audible booms over a five‐month period. Subsequent Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data analysis revealed an area of surface uplift in the vicinity of the earthquake swarm. To investigate the potential faults that may have caused both the earthquakes and the topographic uplift, we collected ∼3 km of high‐resolution seismic‐reflection profiles to image the upper‐source region of the swarm. The two profiles reveal a complex deformational pattern within Quaternary alluvial, fluvial, and flood deposits, underlain by Tertiary basalts and basin sediments. At least 100 m of arching on a basalt surface in the upper 500 m is interpreted from both the seismic profiles and magnetic modeling. Two west‐dipping faults deform Quaternary sediments and project to the surface near the location of the Spokane fault defined from modeling of the InSAR data.
","language":"English","publisher":" Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120150295","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, W.J., Odum, J., Wicks, C.W., Pratt, T.L., and Blakely, R.J., 2016, Seismic imaging beneath an InSAR anomaly in eastern Washington State: Shallow faulting associated with an earthquake swarm in a low-hazard area: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 106, no. 4, p. 1461-1469, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150295.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1461","endPage":"1469","ipdsId":"IP-074071","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330355,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","volume":"106","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58106f98e4b0f497e7961115","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Odum, Jackson K. 0000-0003-4697-2430 odum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-2430","contributorId":1365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"Jackson K.","email":"odum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wicks, Charles W. Jr. 0000-0002-0809-1328 cwicks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-1328","contributorId":127701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"Charles","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cwicks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70192941,"text":"70192941 - 2016 - Sex-biased survivorship and differences in migration of wild steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) smolts from two coastal Oregon rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-27T18:57:43.443685","indexId":"70192941","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Sex-biased survivorship and differences in migration of wild steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) smolts from two coastal Oregon rivers","title":"Sex-biased survivorship and differences in migration of wild steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) smolts from two coastal Oregon rivers","docAbstract":"In salmonids with partial migration, females are more likely than males to undergo smoltification and migrate to the ocean (vs. maturing in freshwater). However, it is not known whether sex affects survivorship during smolt migration (from fresh water to entry into the ocean). We captured wild steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) smolts in two coastal Oregon rivers (USA) and collected fin tissue samples for genetic sex determination (2009; N = 70 in the Alsea and N = 69 in the Nehalem, 2010; N = 25 in the Alsea). We implanted acoustic tags and monitored downstream migration and survival until entry in to the Pacific Ocean. Survival was defined as detection at an estuary/ocean transition array. We found no effect of sex on smolt survivorship in the Nehalem River in 2009, or in the Alsea River in 2010. However, males exhibited significantly lower survival than females in the Alsea River during 2009. Residency did not influence this result as an equal proportion of males and females did not reach the estuary entrance (11% of males, 9% of females). The sexes did not differ in timing or duration of migration, so those variables seem unlikely to explain sex-biased survivorship. Larger males had higher odds of survival than smaller males in 2009, but the body size of females did not affect survivorship. The difference in survivorship between years in the Alsea River could be due to flow conditions, which were higher in 2010 than in 2009. Our findings suggest that sex may affect steelhead smolt survival during migration, but that the difference in survivorship may be weak and not a strong factor influencing adult sex ratios.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12242","usgsCitation":"Thompson, N.F., Leblanc, C.A., Romer, J.D., Schreck, C.B., Blouin, M.S., and Noakes, D.L., 2016, Sex-biased survivorship and differences in migration of wild steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) smolts from two coastal Oregon rivers: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 25, no. 4, p. 642-651, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12242.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"642","endPage":"651","ipdsId":"IP-064960","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Alsea River, Nehalem River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.958740234375,\n 45.64524825291491\n ],\n [\n -123.59001159667969,\n 45.64524825291491\n ],\n [\n -123.59001159667969,\n 45.8536734968093\n ],\n [\n -123.958740234375,\n 45.8536734968093\n ],\n [\n -123.958740234375,\n 45.64524825291491\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.08782958984375,\n 44.321391883338244\n ],\n [\n -123.69438171386719,\n 44.321391883338244\n ],\n [\n -123.69438171386719,\n 44.46809119658819\n ],\n [\n -124.08782958984375,\n 44.46809119658819\n ],\n [\n -124.08782958984375,\n 44.321391883338244\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e9c5e4b09af898c8cc4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Neil F.","contributorId":171758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leblanc, Camille A.","contributorId":200088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leblanc","given":"Camille","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Romer, Jeremy D.","contributorId":171684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romer","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blouin, Michael S.","contributorId":171760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blouin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Noakes, David L. 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Primary production is a crucial ecosystem process, which directly limits the quality and quantity of food available for secondary consumers such as invertebrates and fish. The Delta has a low rate of primary production, but it is unclear whether this was always the case. Recent analyses from the Historical Ecology Team and Delta Landscapes Project provide quantitative comparisons of the areal extent of 14 habitat types in the modern Delta versus the historical Delta (pre-1850). Here we describe an approach for using these metrics of land use change to: (1) produce the first quantitative estimates of how Delta primary production and the relative contributions from five different producer groups have been altered by large-scale drainage and conversion to agriculture; (2) convert these production estimates into a common currency so the contributions of each producer group reflect their food quality and efficiency of transfer to consumers; and (3) use simple models to discover how tidal exchange between marshes and open water influences primary production and its consumption. Application of this approach could inform Delta management in two ways. First, it would provide a quantitative estimate of how large-scale conversion to agriculture has altered the Delta's capacity to produce food for native biota. Second, it would provide restoration practitioners with a new approach—based on ecosystem function—to evaluate the success of restoration projects and gauge the trajectory of ecological recovery in the Delta region.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of California","doi":"10.15447/sfews.2016v14iss3art1","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., Robinson, A., Richey, A., Grenier, L., Grossinger, R., Boyer, K.E., Burau, J., Canuel, E.A., DeGeorge, J.F., Drexler, J., Enright, C., Howe, E.R., Kneib, R., Mueller-Solger, A., Naiman, R.J., Pinckney, J.L., Safran, S.M., Schoellhamer, D., and Simenstad, C.A., 2016, Primary production in the Delta: Then and now: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 3, no. 14, Article 1; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2016v14iss3art1.","productDescription":"Article 1; 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-075429","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2016v14iss3art1","text":"Publisher Index 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"583ff34de4b04fc80e437260","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, April","contributorId":177066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"April","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richey, Amy","contributorId":177067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richey","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grenier, Letitia","contributorId":177085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grenier","given":"Letitia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27771,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute – Aquatic Science Center, Richmond, CA 94804","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grossinger, Robin","contributorId":139253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grossinger","given":"Robin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12703,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boyer, Katharyn 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J.","contributorId":51147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naiman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Pinckney, James L.","contributorId":177090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinckney","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":27670,"text":"Marine Science Program, University of South Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Safran, Samuel M.","contributorId":177091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Safran","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27771,"text":"San Francisco Estuary Institute – Aquatic Science Center, Richmond, CA 94804","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Simenstad, Charles A.","contributorId":88477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simenstad","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70176895,"text":"70176895 - 2016 - Coastal deposits of heavy mineral sands; Global significance and US resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-12T11:18:40","indexId":"70176895","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2755,"text":"Mining Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal deposits of heavy mineral sands; Global significance and US resources","docAbstract":"Ancient and modern coastal deposits of heavy mineral sands (HMS) are the principal source of several heavy industrial minerals, with mining and processing operations on every continent except Antarctica. For example, HMS deposits are the main source of titanium feedstock for the titanium dioxide (TiO2) pigments industry, obtained from the minerals ilmenite (Fe2+TiO3), rutile (TiO2) and leucoxene (an alteration product of ilmenite). HMS deposits are also the principal source of zircon (ZrSiO4), from which zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) is obtained for uses mostly in refractory products. Sometimes monazite [(Ce,La,Nd,Th)PO4] is recovered as a byproduct mineral, sought for its rare earth elements and thorium (Ault and others, 2016; Sengupta and Van Gosen, 2016; Van Gosen and Tulsidas, 2016).
","language":"English","publisher":"SME","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., Bleiwas, D.I., Bedinger, G.M., Ellefsen, K.J., and Shah, A.K., 2016, Coastal deposits of heavy mineral sands; Global significance and US resources: Mining Engineering, v. 68, no. 10, p. 36-43.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"43","ipdsId":"IP-078177","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329484,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":329483,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://me.smenet.org/abstract.cfm?preview=1&articleID=6799&page=36"}],"volume":"68","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe679ce4b0824b2d143709","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bleiwas, Donald I. bleiwas@usgs.gov","contributorId":1434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleiwas","given":"Donald","email":"bleiwas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bedinger, George M. gbedinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":4567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedinger","given":"George","email":"gbedinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellefsen, Karl J. 0000-0003-3075-4703 ellefsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3075-4703","contributorId":789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellefsen","given":"Karl","email":"ellefsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":82803,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":650639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178381,"text":"70178381 - 2016 - Geologic history of Martian regolith breccia Northwest Africa 7034: Evidence for hydrothermal activity and lithologic diversity in the Martian crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-15T17:02:35","indexId":"70178381","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic history of Martian regolith breccia Northwest Africa 7034: Evidence for hydrothermal activity and lithologic diversity in the Martian crust","docAbstract":"The timing and mode of deposition for Martian regolith breccia Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034 were determined by combining petrography, shape analysis, and thermochronology. NWA 7034 is composed of igneous, impact, and brecciated clasts within a thermally annealed submicron matrix of pulverized crustal rocks and devitrified impact/volcanic glass. The brecciated clasts are likely lithified portions of Martian regolith with some evidence of past hydrothermal activity. Represented lithologies are primarily ancient crustal materials with crystallization ages as old as 4.4 Ga. One ancient zircon was hosted by an alkali-rich basalt clast, confirming that alkalic volcanism occurred on Mars very early. NWA 7034 is composed of fragmented particles that do not exhibit evidence of having undergone bed load transport by wind or water. The clast size distribution is similar to terrestrial pyroclastic deposits. We infer that the clasts were deposited by atmospheric rainout subsequent to a pyroclastic eruption(s) and/or impact event(s), although the ancient ages of igneous components favor mobilization by impact(s). Despite ancient components, the breccia has undergone a single pervasive thermal event at 500–800°C, evident by groundmass texture and concordance of ~1.5 Ga dates for bulk rock K-Ar, U-Pb in apatite, and U-Pb in metamict zircons. The 1.5 Ga age is likely a thermal event that coincides with rainout/breccia lithification. We infer that the episodic process of regolith lithification dominated sedimentary processes during the Amazonian Epoch. The absence of pre-Amazonian high-temperature metamorphic events recorded in ancient zircons indicates source domains of static southern highland crust punctuated by episodic impact modification.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016JE005143","usgsCitation":"McCubbin, F.M., Boyce, J.W., Novak-Szabo, T., Santos, A., Tartese, R., Muttik, N., Domokos, G., Vazquez, J.A., Keller, L.P., Moser, D.E., Jerolmack, D.J., Shearer, C.K., Steele, A., Elardo, S.M., Rahman, Z., Anand, M., Delhaye, T., and Agee, C.B., 2016, Geologic history of Martian regolith breccia Northwest Africa 7034: Evidence for hydrothermal activity and lithologic diversity in the Martian crust: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 121, no. 10, p. 2120-2149, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JE005143.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"2120","endPage":"2149","ipdsId":"IP-072126","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016je005143","text":"External 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Gabor","contributorId":176885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Domokos","given":"Gabor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Keller, Lindsay P.","contributorId":176886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keller","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Moser, Desmond E.","contributorId":176887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moser","given":"Desmond","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Jerolmack, Douglas J.","contributorId":78622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jerolmack","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Shearer, Charles K.","contributorId":111575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearer","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Steele, Andrew","contributorId":23830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Elardo, Stephen M.","contributorId":176891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elardo","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Rahman, Zia","contributorId":176892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahman","given":"Zia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Anand, Mahesh","contributorId":176893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anand","given":"Mahesh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Delhaye, Thomas","contributorId":176894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delhaye","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Agee, Carl B.","contributorId":176895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Agee","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70178034,"text":"70178034 - 2016 - Optimization of scat detection methods for a social ungulate, the wild pig, and experimental evaluation of factors affecting detection of scat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T13:42:50","indexId":"70178034","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optimization of scat detection methods for a social ungulate, the wild pig, and experimental evaluation of factors affecting detection of scat","docAbstract":"Collection of scat samples is common in wildlife research, particularly for genetic capture-mark-recapture applications. Due to high degradation rates of genetic material in scat, large numbers of samples must be collected to generate robust estimates. Optimization of sampling approaches to account for taxa-specific patterns of scat deposition is, therefore, necessary to ensure sufficient sample collection. While scat collection methods have been widely studied in carnivores, research to maximize scat collection and noninvasive sampling efficiency for social ungulates is lacking. Further, environmental factors or scat morphology may influence detection of scat by observers. We contrasted performance of novel radial search protocols with existing adaptive cluster sampling protocols to quantify differences in observed amounts of wild pig (Sus scrofa) scat. We also evaluated the effects of environmental (percentage of vegetative ground cover and occurrence of rain immediately prior to sampling) and scat characteristics (fecal pellet size and number) on the detectability of scat by observers. We found that 15- and 20-m radial search protocols resulted in greater numbers of scats encountered than the previously used adaptive cluster sampling approach across habitat types, and that fecal pellet size, number of fecal pellets, percent vegetative ground cover, and recent rain events were significant predictors of scat detection. Our results suggest that use of a fixed-width radial search protocol may increase the number of scats detected for wild pigs, or other social ungulates, allowing more robust estimation of population metrics using noninvasive genetic sampling methods. Further, as fecal pellet size affected scat detection, juvenile or smaller-sized animals may be less detectable than adult or large animals, which could introduce bias into abundance estimates. Knowledge of relationships between environmental variables and scat detection may allow researchers to optimize sampling protocols to maximize utility of noninvasive sampling for wild pigs and other social ungulates.
The Northern Patagonia Icefield (NPI) is the primary glaciated terrain worldwide at its latitude (46.5–47.5°S), and constraining its glacial history provides unique information for reconstructing Southern Hemisphere paleoclimate. The Colonia Glacier is the largest outlet glacier draining the eastern NPI. Ages were determined using dendrochronology, lichenometry, radiocarbon, cosmogenic 10Be and optically stimulated luminescence. Dated moraines in the Colonia valley defined advances at 13.2 ± 0.95, 11.0 ± 0.47 and 4.96 ± 0.21 ka, with the last being the first constraint on the onset of Neoglaciation for the eastern NPI from a directly dated landform. Dating in the tributary Cachet valley, which contains an ice-dammed lake during periods of Colonia Glacier expansion, defined an advance at ca. 2.95 ± 0.21 ka, periods of advancement at 810 ± 49 cal a BP and 245 ± 13 cal a BP, and retreat during the intervening periods. Recent Colonia Glacier thinning, which began in the late 1800s, opened a lower-elevation outlet channel for Lago Cachet Dos in ca. 1960. Our data provide the most comprehensive set of Latest Pleistocene and Holocene ages for a single NPI outlet glacier and expand previously developed NPI glacial chronologies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jqs.2847","usgsCitation":"Nimick, D.A., Mcgrath, D., Mahan, S.A., Friesen, B.A., and Leidich, J., 2016, Latest Pleistocene and Holocene glacial events in the Colonia valley, Northern Patagonia Icefield, southern Chile: Journal of Quaternary Science, v. 31, no. 6, p. 551-564, https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2847.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"551","endPage":"564","ipdsId":"IP-061075","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2847","text":"External Repository"},{"id":329423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Colonia valley, Northern Patagonia Icefield","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.0863037109375,\n -47.65428791076271\n ],\n [\n -74.0863037109375,\n -46.38862233816169\n ],\n [\n -72.66632080078125,\n -46.38862233816169\n ],\n [\n -72.66632080078125,\n -47.65428791076271\n ],\n [\n -74.0863037109375,\n -47.65428791076271\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe679de4b0824b2d14370b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimick, David A. dnimick@usgs.gov","contributorId":421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimick","given":"David","email":"dnimick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mcgrath, Daniel 0000-0002-9462-6842 dmcgrath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-6842","contributorId":145635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcgrath","given":"Daniel","email":"dmcgrath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friesen, Beverly A. bafriesen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friesen","given":"Beverly","email":"bafriesen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":573,"text":"Special Applications Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leidich, Jonathan","contributorId":139703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leidich","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12885,"text":"Patagonia Adventure Expeditions","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179201,"text":"70179201 - 2016 - First record of invasive Burmese Python oviposition and brooding inside an anthropogenic structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-03T11:46:39","indexId":"70179201","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"First record of invasive Burmese Python oviposition and brooding inside an anthropogenic structure","docAbstract":"We discovered an adult female Python bivittatus (Burmese Python) coiled around a clutch of 25 eggs in a cement culvert in Flamingo, FL, in Everglades National Park. To our knowledge, this is the first record of an invasive Burmese Python laying eggs and brooding inside an anthropogenic structure in Florida. A 92% hatch-success rate suggests that the cement culvert provided suitable conditions for oviposition, embryonic development, and hatching. Given the plenitude of such anthropogenic structures across the landscape, available sites for oviposition and brooding may not be limiting for the invasive Burmese Python population.
","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.015.sp809","usgsCitation":"Hanslowe, E., Falk, B., Collier, M., Josimovich, J., Rahill, T., and Reed, R., 2016, First record of invasive Burmese Python oviposition and brooding inside an anthropogenic structure: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 15, no. sp8, p. 103-106, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.015.sp809.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"106","ipdsId":"IP-071558","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332741,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Flamingo","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","volume":"15","issue":"sp8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586cc696e4b0f5ce109fa955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanslowe, Emma 0000-0003-4331-6729 ehanslowe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-6729","contributorId":177611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanslowe","given":"Emma","email":"ehanslowe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falk, Bryan 0000-0002-9690-5626 bfalk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-5626","contributorId":150075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falk","given":"Bryan","email":"bfalk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collier, Michelle A. M.","contributorId":177852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collier","given":"Michelle A. M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":656371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Josimovich, Jillian jjosimovich@usgs.gov","contributorId":173092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josimovich","given":"Jillian","email":"jjosimovich@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rahill, Thomas","contributorId":177612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahill","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reed, Robert 0000-0001-8349-6168 reedr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":152301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70176821,"text":"70176821 - 2016 - Scaling relation between earthquake magnitude and the departure time from P wave similar growth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T15:45:38.136043","indexId":"70176821","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Scaling relation between earthquake magnitude and the departure time from P wave similar growth","title":"Scaling relation between earthquake magnitude and the departure time from P wave similar growth","docAbstract":"We introduce a new scaling relation between earthquake magnitude (M) and a characteristic of initial P wave displacement. By examining Japanese K-NET data averaged in bins partitioned by Mw and hypocentral distance, we demonstrate that the P wave displacement briefly displays similar growth at the onset of rupture and that the departure time (Tdp), which is defined as the time of departure from similarity of the absolute displacement after applying a band-pass filter, correlates with the final M in a range of 4.5 ≤ Mw ≤ 7. The scaling relation between Mw and Tdp implies that useful information on the final M can be derived while the event is still in progress because Tdp occurs before the completion of rupture. We conclude that the scaling relation is important not only for earthquake early warning but also for the source physics of earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016GL070069","usgsCitation":"Noda, S., and Ellsworth, W.L., 2016, Scaling relation between earthquake magnitude and the departure time from P wave similar growth: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 17, p. 9053-9060, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070069.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"9053","endPage":"9060","ipdsId":"IP-076652","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl070069","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":329428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe679ee4b0824b2d14370d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noda, Shunta snoda@usgs.gov","contributorId":173999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noda","given":"Shunta","email":"snoda@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70177052,"text":"70177052 - 2016 - Cultivation of a native alga for biomass and biofuel accumulation in coal bed methane production water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T15:10:15","indexId":"70177052","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5275,"text":"Algal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cultivation of a native alga for biomass and biofuel accumulation in coal bed methane production water","docAbstract":"Coal bed methane (CBM) production has resulted in thousands of ponds in the Powder River Basin of low-quality water in a water-challenged region. A green alga isolate, PW95, was isolated from a CBM production pond, and analysis of a partial ribosomal gene sequence indicated the isolate belongs to the Chlorococcaceae family. Different combinations of macro- and micronutrients were evaluated for PW95 growth in CBM water compared to a defined medium. A small level of growth was observed in unamended CBM water (0.15 g/l), and biomass increased (2-fold) in amended CBM water or defined growth medium. The highest growth rate was observed in CBM water amended with both N and P, and the unamended CBM water displayed the lowest growth rate. The highest lipid content (27%) was observed in CBM water with nitrate, and a significant level of lipid accumulation was not observed in the defined growth medium. Growth analysis indicated that nitrate deprivation coincided with lipid accumulation in CBM production water, and lipid accumulation did not increase with additional phosphorus limitation. The presented results show that CBM production wastewater can be minimally amended and used for the cultivation of a native, lipid-accumulating alga.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2016.07.014","usgsCitation":"Hodgskiss, L.H., Nagy, J., Barnhart, E.P., Cunningham, A.B., and Fields, M.W., 2016, Cultivation of a native alga for biomass and biofuel accumulation in coal bed methane production water: Algal Research, v. 19, p. 63-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2016.07.014.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"68","numberOfPages":"6","ipdsId":"IP-071048","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1402508","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":329643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.703125,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -88.714599609375,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -88.714599609375,\n 35.137879119634185\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 35.137879119634185\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.06201171875,\n 46.479482189368646\n ],\n [\n -105.1171875,\n 46.4605655457854\n ],\n [\n -105.8587646484375,\n 44.81691551782855\n ],\n [\n -105.7269287109375,\n 44.3670601700202\n ],\n [\n -105.7159423828125,\n 44.071800467511565\n ],\n [\n -106.11145019531249,\n 43.50872101129684\n ],\n [\n -106.40808105468749,\n 43.393073720674415\n ],\n [\n -106.644287109375,\n 43.45291889355465\n ],\n [\n -106.7706298828125,\n 43.600284023536325\n ],\n [\n -107.0343017578125,\n 44.25306865928177\n ],\n [\n -107.1112060546875,\n 45.03859654645257\n ],\n [\n -107.07824707031249,\n 45.463983441272724\n ],\n [\n -106.875,\n 45.80965764997408\n ],\n [\n -106.06201171875,\n 46.479482189368646\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5805e34ee4b0824b2d1c24ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgskiss, Logan H.","contributorId":175445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodgskiss","given":"Logan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nagy, Justin","contributorId":175446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nagy","given":"Justin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnhart, Elliott P. 0000-0002-8788-8393 epbarnhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-8393","contributorId":5385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"Elliott","email":"epbarnhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cunningham, Alfred B.","contributorId":172389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fields, Matthew W.","contributorId":172391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fields","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70177882,"text":"70177882 - 2016 - Synthesising empirical results to improve predictions of post-wildfire runoff and erosion response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-25T15:51:47","indexId":"70177882","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesising empirical results to improve predictions of post-wildfire runoff and erosion response","docAbstract":"Advances in research into wildfire impacts on runoff and erosion have demonstrated increasing complexity of controlling factors and responses, which, combined with changing fire frequency, present challenges for modellers. We convened a conference attended by experts and practitioners in post-wildfire impacts, meteorology and related research, including modelling, to focus on priority research issues. The aim was to improve our understanding of controls and responses and the predictive capabilities of models. This conference led to the eight selected papers in this special issue. They address aspects of the distinctiveness in the controls and responses among wildfire regions, spatiotemporal rainfall variability, infiltration, runoff connectivity, debris flow formation and modelling applications. Here we summarise key findings from these papers and evaluate their contribution to improving understanding and prediction of post-wildfire runoff and erosion under changes in climate, human intervention and population pressure on wildfire-prone areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Wildland Fire","doi":"10.1071/WF16021","usgsCitation":"Shakesby, R.A., Moody, J.A., Martin, D.A., and Robichaud, P.R., 2016, Synthesising empirical results to improve predictions of post-wildfire runoff and erosion response: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 25, no. 3, p. 257-261, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF16021.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"261","ipdsId":"IP-073495","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wf16021","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330382,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58106f98e4b0f497e7961113","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shakesby, Richard A.","contributorId":176258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shakesby","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Deborah A. 0000-0001-8237-0838 damartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-0838","contributorId":1900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Deborah","email":"damartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":652008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robichaud, Peter R.","contributorId":176259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robichaud","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193662,"text":"70193662 - 2016 - Results of the eruptive column model inter-comparison study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T15:20:02","indexId":"70193662","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Results of the eruptive column model inter-comparison study","docAbstract":"This study compares and evaluates one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) numerical models of volcanic eruption columns in a set of different inter-comparison exercises. The exercises were designed as a blind test in which a set of common input parameters was given for two reference eruptions, representing a strong and a weak eruption column under different meteorological conditions. Comparing the results of the different models allows us to evaluate their capabilities and target areas for future improvement. Despite their different formulations, the 1D and 3D models provide reasonably consistent predictions of some of the key global descriptors of the volcanic plumes. Variability in plume height, estimated from the standard deviation of model predictions, is within ~ 20% for the weak plume and ~ 10% for the strong plume. Predictions of neutral buoyancy level are also in reasonably good agreement among the different models, with a standard deviation ranging from 9 to 19% (the latter for the weak plume in a windy atmosphere). Overall, these discrepancies are in the range of observational uncertainty of column height. However, there are important differences amongst models in terms of local properties along the plume axis, particularly for the strong plume. Our analysis suggests that the simplified treatment of entrainment in 1D models is adequate to resolve the general behaviour of the weak plume. However, it is inadequate to capture complex features of the strong plume, such as large vortices, partial column collapse, or gravitational fountaining that strongly enhance entrainment in the lower atmosphere. We conclude that there is a need to more accurately quantify entrainment rates, improve the representation of plume radius, and incorporate the effects of column instability in future versions of 1D volcanic plume models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.01.017","usgsCitation":"Costa, A., Suzuki, Y., Cerminara, M., Devenish, B.J., Esposti Ongaro, T., Herzog, M., Van Eaton, A.R., Denby, L., Bursik, M., de’ Michieli Vitturi, M., Engwell, S., Neri, A., Barsotti, S., Folch, A., Macedonio, G., Girault, F., Carazzo, G., Tait, S., Kaminski, E., Mastin, L.G., Woodhouse, M.J., Phillips, J.C., Hogg, A.J., Degruyter, W., and Bonadonna, C., 2016, Results of the eruptive column model inter-comparison study: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 326, p. 2-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.01.017.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-069305","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1983/31590258-99a4-4b9c-bdff-db520c226a79","text":"Publisher Index 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stability","docAbstract":"Methane seeps were investigated in Hudson Canyon, the largest shelf-break canyon on the northern US Atlantic Margin. The seeps investigated are located at or updip of the nominal limit of methane clathrate hydrate stability. The acoustic identification of bubble streams was used to guide water column sampling in a 32 km2 region within the canyon's thalweg. By incorporating measurements of dissolved methane concentration with methane oxidation rates and current velocity into a steady-state box model, the total emission of methane to the water column in this region was estimated to be 12 kmol methane per day (range: 6 – 24 kmol methane per day). These analyses suggest this methane is largely retained inside the canyon walls below 300 m water depth, and that it is aerobically oxidized to near completion within the larger extent of Hudson Canyon. Based on estimated methane emissions and measured oxidation rates, the oxidation of this methane to dissolved CO2 is expected to have minimal influences on seawater pH. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley ","doi":"10.1002/2016GC006421","usgsCitation":"Weinsten, A., Navarrete, L., Ruppel, C., Weber, T., Leonte, M., Kellermann, M., Arrington, E., Valentine, D., Scranton, M., and Kessler, J.D., 2016, Determining the flux of methane into Hudson Canyon at the edge of methane clathrate hydrate stability: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 17, no. 10, p. 3882-3892, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006421.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"3882","endPage":"3892","ipdsId":"IP-076064","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gc006421","text":"External Repository"},{"id":336729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336360,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016GC006421/full"}],"volume":"17","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba6e4b01ccd5500baff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weinsten, A.","contributorId":184233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weinsten","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Navarrete, L","contributorId":184234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Navarrete","given":"L","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":145770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn D.","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":673827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weber, T.C.","contributorId":184235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weber","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leonte, M.","contributorId":184236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonte","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kellermann, M.","contributorId":184237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kellermann","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arrington, E.","contributorId":184238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arrington","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Valentine, D.L.","contributorId":184239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valentine","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Scranton, M.L","contributorId":184240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scranton","given":"M.L","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kessler, John D. 0000-0003-1097-6800","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-6800","contributorId":184241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kessler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70182245,"text":"70182245 - 2016 - Species traits and catchment-scale habitat factors influence the occurrence of freshwater mussel populations and assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-22T15:58:24","indexId":"70182245","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species traits and catchment-scale habitat factors influence the occurrence of freshwater mussel populations and assemblages","docAbstract":"We measured serum chemistries in wild Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) from Alaska to test for potential differences associated with beak deformities characteristic of avian keratin disorder. Lower uric acid in affected birds was the only difference detected between groups, although sample sizes were small. This difference could be associated with fasting or malnutrition in birds with beak deformities, but it is challenging to interpret its biologic significance without reference values. Black-capped Chickadees had high levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase relative to reference values for companion birds. However, all serum chemistry parameters from our study were within the range of values reported from other apparently healthy wild-caught birds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/2016-02-034","usgsCitation":"Van Hemert, C.R., and Handel, C.M., 2016, Blood serum chemistry of wild Alaskan Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) with avian keratin disorder: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 52, no. 4, p. 927-930, https://doi.org/10.7589/2016-02-034.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"927","endPage":"930","ipdsId":"IP-072909","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335679,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a6c830e4b025c464286280","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Hemert, Caroline R. 0000-0002-6858-7165 cvanhemert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-7165","contributorId":3592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Hemert","given":"Caroline","email":"cvanhemert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185023,"text":"70185023 - 2016 - Circumpolar distribution and carbon storage of thermokarst landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T13:44:37","indexId":"70185023","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Circumpolar distribution and carbon storage of thermokarst landscapes","docAbstract":"Thermokarst is the process whereby the thawing of ice-rich permafrost ground causes land subsidence, resulting in development of distinctive landforms. Accelerated thermokarst due to climate change will damage infrastructure, but also impact hydrology, ecology and biogeochemistry. Here, we present a circumpolar assessment of the distribution of thermokarst landscapes, defined as landscapes comprised of current thermokarst landforms and areas susceptible to future thermokarst development. At 3.6 × 106 km2, thermokarst landscapes are estimated to cover ∼20% of the northern permafrost region, with approximately equal contributions from three landscape types where characteristic wetland, lake and hillslope thermokarst landforms occur. We estimate that approximately half of the below-ground organic carbon within the study region is stored in thermokarst landscapes. Our results highlight the importance of explicitly considering thermokarst when assessing impacts of climate change, including future landscape greenhouse gas emissions, and provide a means for assessing such impacts at the circumpolar scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/ncomms13043","usgsCitation":"Olefeldt, D., Goswami, S., Grosse, G., Hayes, D., Hugelius, G., Kuhry, P., McGuire, A.D., Romanovsky, V., Sannel, A.B., Schuur, E., and Turetsky, M., 2016, Circumpolar distribution and carbon storage of thermokarst landscapes: Nature Communications, v. 7, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13043.","productDescription":"Article number 13043; 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-069482","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13043","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90125e4b0849ce97abcd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olefeldt, David","contributorId":169408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olefeldt","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":32365,"text":"Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goswami, S.","contributorId":189252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goswami","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grosse, G.","contributorId":82140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, D.","contributorId":15275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hugelius, G.","contributorId":27338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hugelius","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuhry, P.","contributorId":57277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhry","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":683987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Romanovsky, V.E.","contributorId":54721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"V.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sannel, A. B. K.","contributorId":38450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sannel","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"B. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Schuur, E.A.G.","contributorId":106679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuur","given":"E.A.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Turetsky, M.R.","contributorId":107470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70182777,"text":"70182777 - 2016 - Inferring invasive species abundance using removal data from management actions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-01T12:32:34","indexId":"70182777","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferring invasive species abundance using removal data from management actions","docAbstract":"Evaluation of the progress of management programs for invasive species is crucial for demonstrating impacts to stakeholders and strategic planning of resource allocation. Estimates of abundance before and after management activities can serve as a useful metric of population management programs. However, many methods of estimating population size are too labor intensive and costly to implement, posing restrictive levels of burden on operational programs. Removal models are a reliable method for estimating abundance before and after management using data from the removal activities exclusively, thus requiring no work in addition to management. We developed a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate abundance from removal data accounting for varying levels of effort, and used simulations to assess the conditions under which reliable population estimates are obtained. We applied this model to estimate site-specific abundance of an invasive species, feral swine (Sus scrofa), using removal data from aerial gunning in 59 site/time-frame combinations (480–19,600 acres) throughout Oklahoma and Texas, USA. Simulations showed that abundance estimates were generally accurate when effective removal rates (removal rate accounting for total effort) were above 0.40. However, when abundances were small (<50) the effective removal rate needed to accurately estimates abundances was considerably higher (0.70). Based on our post-validation method, 78% of our site/time frame estimates were accurate. To use this modeling framework it is important to have multiple removals (more than three) within a time frame during which demographic changes are minimized (i.e., a closed population; ≤3 months for feral swine). Our results show that the probability of accurately estimating abundance from this model improves with increased sampling effort (8+ flight hours across the 3-month window is best) and increased removal rate. Based on the inverse relationship between inaccurate abundances and inaccurate removal rates, we suggest auxiliary information that could be collected and included in the model as covariates (e.g., habitat effects, differences between pilots) to improve accuracy of removal rates and hence abundance estimates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eap.1383","usgsCitation":"Davis, A.J., Hooten, M., Miller, R.S., Farnsworth, M.L., Lewis, J., Moxcey, M., and Pepin, K., 2016, Inferring invasive species abundance using removal data from management actions: Ecological Applications, v. 26, no. 7, p. 2339-2346, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1383.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2339","endPage":"2346","ipdsId":"IP-067270","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba6e4b01ccd5500bb01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Amy J.","contributorId":149854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":673716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Ryan S.","contributorId":49005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farnsworth, Matthew L.","contributorId":56473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farnsworth","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12434,"text":"USDA, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":680418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewis, Jesse S.","contributorId":147540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jesse S.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":680419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moxcey, Michael","contributorId":187442,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moxcey","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pepin, Kim M. 0000-0002-9931-8312","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-8312","contributorId":187441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pepin","given":"Kim M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70184965,"text":"70184965 - 2016 - Late Oligocene to present contractional structure in and around the Susitna basin, Alaska—Geophysical evidence and geological implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T19:20:30","indexId":"70184965","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Oligocene to present contractional structure in and around the Susitna basin, Alaska—Geophysical evidence and geological implications","docAbstract":"The Cenozoic Susitna basin lies within an enigmatic lowland surrounded by the Central Alaska Range, Western Alaska Range (including the Tordrillo Mountains), and Talkeetna Mountains in south-central Alaska. Some previous interpretations show normal faults as the defining structures of the basin (e.g., Kirschner, 1994). However, analysis of new and existing geophysical data shows predominantly (Late Oligocene to present) thrust and reverse fault geometries in the region, as previously proposed by Hackett (1978). A key example is the Beluga Mountain fault where a 50-mGal gravity gradient, caused by the density transition from the igneous bedrock of Beluga Mountain to the >4-km-thick Cenozoic sedimentary section of Susitna basin, spans a horizontal distance of ∼40 km and straddles the topographic front. The location and shape of the gravity gradient preclude a normal fault geometry; instead, it is best explained by a southwest-dipping thrust fault, with its leading edge located several kilometers to the northeast of the mountain front, concealed beneath the shallow glacial and fluvial cover deposits. Similar contractional fault relationships are observed for other basin-bounding and regional faults as well. Contractional structures are consistent with a regional shortening strain field inferred from differential offsets on the Denali and Castle Mountain right-lateral strike-slip fault systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01279.1","usgsCitation":"Saltus, R.W., Stanley, R.G., Haeussler, P.J., Jones, J.V., Potter, C.J., and Lewis, K.A., 2016, Late Oligocene to present contractional structure in and around the Susitna basin, Alaska—Geophysical evidence and geological implications: Geosphere, v. 12, no. 5, p. 1378-1390, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01279.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1378","endPage":"1390","ipdsId":"IP-078088","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01279.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -147,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -153,\n 61\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52cee4b0849ce97c86ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saltus, Richard W. saltus@usgs.gov","contributorId":777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saltus","given":"Richard","email":"saltus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lewis, Kristen A. 0000-0003-4991-3399 klewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4991-3399","contributorId":4120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Kristen","email":"klewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70184970,"text":"70184970 - 2016 - Influence of glacier runoff on ecosystem structure in Gulf of Alaska fjords","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T12:05:48","indexId":"70184970","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of glacier runoff on ecosystem structure in Gulf of Alaska fjords","docAbstract":"To better understand the influence of glacier runoff on fjord ecosystems, we sampled oceanographic conditions, nutrients, zooplankton, forage fish and seabirds within 4 fjords in coastal areas of the Gulf Alaska. We used generalized additive models and geostatistics to identify the range of glacier runoff influence into coastal waters within fjords of varying estuarine influence and topographic complexity. We also modeled the response of depth-integrated chlorophyll a concentration, copepod biomass, fish and seabird abundance to physical, nutrient and biotic predictor variables. The effects of glacial runoff were traced at least 10 km into coastal fjords by cold, turbid, stratified and generally nutrient-rich near-surface conditions. Glacially modified physical gradients, nutrient availability and among-fjord differences explained 67% of the variation in phytoplankton abundance, which is a driver of ecosystem structure at higher trophic levels. Copepod, euphausiid, fish and seabird distribution and abundance were related to environmental gradients that could be traced to glacial freshwater input, particularly turbidity and temperature. Seabird density was predicted by prey availability and silicate concentrations, which may be a proxy for upwelling areas where this nutrient is in excess. Similarities in ecosystem structure among fjords were attributable to an influx of cold, fresh and sediment-laden water, whereas differences were likely related to fjord topography and local differences in estuarine vs. ocean influence. We anticipate that continued changes in the timing and volume of glacial runoff will ultimately alter coastal ecosystems in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps11888","usgsCitation":"Arimitsu, M.L., Piatt, J.F., and Mueter, F.J., 2016, Influence of glacier runoff on ecosystem structure in Gulf of Alaska fjords: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 560, p. 19-40, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11888.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-066857","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11888","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PZ57P7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Kuskokwim Bay chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) energy density, distribution, and stomach data, 2004"},{"id":438541,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K072DR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Influence of Glacier Runoff on Ecosystem Structure in Gulf of Alaska Fjords 2004-2011"},{"id":337612,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.326171875,\n 57.314657355733274\n ],\n [\n -134.6484375,\n 57.314657355733274\n ],\n [\n -134.6484375,\n 61.52269494598361\n ],\n [\n -149.326171875,\n 61.52269494598361\n ],\n [\n -149.326171875,\n 57.314657355733274\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"560","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ca52cee4b0849ce97c86ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arimitsu, Mayumi L. 0000-0001-6982-2238 marimitsu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2238","contributorId":140501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arimitsu","given":"Mayumi","email":"marimitsu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mueter, Franz J.","contributorId":131144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueter","given":"Franz","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70184980,"text":"70184980 - 2016 - Fragmented patterns of flood change across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T15:38:22","indexId":"70184980","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fragmented patterns of flood change across the United States","docAbstract":"Trends in the peak magnitude, frequency, duration, and volume of frequent floods (floods occurring at an average of two events per year relative to a base period) across the United States show large changes; however, few trends are found to be statistically significant. The multidimensional behavior of flood change across the United States can be described by four distinct groups, with streamgages experiencing (1) minimal change, (2) increasing frequency, (3) decreasing frequency, or (4) increases in all flood properties. Yet group membership shows only weak geographic cohesion. Lack of geographic cohesion is further demonstrated by weak correlations between the temporal patterns of flood change and large-scale climate indices. These findings reveal a complex, fragmented pattern of flood change that, therefore, clouds the ability to make meaningful generalizations about flood change across the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016GL070590","usgsCitation":"Archfield, S.A., Hirsch, R.M., Viglione, A., and Blöschl, G., 2016, Fragmented patterns of flood change across the United States: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 19, p. 10232-10239, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070590.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"10232","endPage":"10239","ipdsId":"IP-079542","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl070590","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"43","issue":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90125e4b0849ce97abcd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archfield, Stacey A. 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":1874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Viglione, A.","contributorId":189084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viglione","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blöschl, G.","contributorId":189085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blöschl","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}