{"pageNumber":"108","pageRowStart":"2675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10450,"records":[{"id":70189641,"text":"70189641 - 2017 - Reassessing rainfall in the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico: Local and global ecohydrological implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T10:21:08","indexId":"70189641","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reassessing rainfall in the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico: Local and global ecohydrological implications","docAbstract":"Mountains receive a greater proportion of precipitation than other environments, and thus make a disproportionate contribution to the world’s water supply. The Luquillo Mountains receive the highest rainfall on the island of Puerto Rico and serve as a critical source of water to surrounding communities. The area’s role as a long-term research site has generated numerous hydrological, ecological, and geological investigations that have been included in regional and global overviews that compare tropical forests to other ecosystems. Most of the forest- and watershed-wide estimates of precipitation (and evapotranspiration, as inferred by a water balance) have assumed that precipitation increases consistently with elevation. However, in this new analysis of all known current and historical rain gages in the region, we find that similar to other mountainous islands in the trade wind latitudes, leeward (western) watersheds in the Luquillo Mountains receive lower mean annual precipitation than windward (eastern) watersheds. Previous studies in the Luquillo Mountains have therefore overestimated precipitation in leeward watersheds by up to 40%. The Icacos watershed, however, despite being located at elevations 200–400 m below the tallest peaks and to the lee of the first major orographic barrier, receives some of the highest precipitation. Such lee-side enhancement has been observed in other island mountains of similar height and width, and may be caused by several mechanisms. Thus, the long-reported discrepancy of unrealistically low rates of evapotranspiration in the Icacos watershed is likely caused by previous underestimation of precipitation, perhaps by as much as 20%. Rainfall/runoff ratios in several previous studies suggested either runoff excess or runoff deficiency in Luquillo watersheds, but this analysis suggests that in fact they are similar to other tropical watersheds. Because the Luquillo Mountains often serve as a wet tropical archetype in global assessments of basic ecohydrological processes, these revised estimates are relevant to regional and global assessments of runoff efficiency, hydrologic effects of reforestation, geomorphic processes, and climate change.","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS One ","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0180987","usgsCitation":"Murphy, S.F., Stallard, R.F., Scholl, M.A., Gonzalez, G., and Torres-Sanchez, A.J., 2017, Reassessing rainfall in the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico: Local and global ecohydrological implications: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 7, p. 1-26, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180987.","productDescription":"26 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"26","ipdsId":"IP-080138","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469688,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180987","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74F1PM2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geospatial data for Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico: Mean annual precipitation, elevation, watershed outlines, and rain gage locations"},{"id":344032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Luquillo Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -65.85823059082031,\n              18.416101440661425\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.87677001953125,\n              18.239459898052168\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.66356658935547,\n              18.203588160154492\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.63884735107422,\n              18.195108305906903\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62271118164062,\n              18.204566578321632\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62992095947266,\n              18.21956830199711\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.63232421875,\n              18.22674258246203\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.621337890625,\n              18.22674258246203\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.61653137207031,\n              18.215002696822772\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.60932159423828,\n              18.206197263056133\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.59730529785156,\n              18.207175666569977\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.58563232421875,\n              18.223481582551347\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.5828857421875,\n              18.23522089617796\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.57498931884766,\n              18.249567870028727\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.59490203857422,\n              18.265543787725044\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.61721801757812,\n              18.26000128888889\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.6271743774414,\n              18.262935575018307\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62545776367186,\n              18.269456033308646\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62202453613281,\n              18.27956225952556\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.6264877319336,\n              18.286082093014507\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62511444091797,\n              18.292927654329933\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.6209945678711,\n              18.3017286930179\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62305450439453,\n              18.32910684206841\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62889099121094,\n              18.33562481050443\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62820434570312,\n              18.34572717593956\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.61790466308592,\n              18.362997593747227\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.60829162597656,\n              18.38841129210483\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.62374114990234,\n              18.393949677950552\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.63507080078125,\n              18.384827535834386\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.64640045166016,\n              18.383524333263548\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.65498352050781,\n              18.37635654305257\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.65601348876953,\n              18.366255969430792\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.67489624023438,\n              18.36690763718548\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.67970275878906,\n              18.372446713735965\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.70201873779297,\n              18.37505327646064\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.70682525634766,\n              18.384827535834386\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.71849822998047,\n              18.39004024759526\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.73188781738281,\n              18.386130728553585\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7421875,\n              18.383850134829828\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7528305053711,\n              18.393298112384137\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.75969696044922,\n              18.400465198084483\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.76416015625,\n              18.412518260517015\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.76416015625,\n              18.417078658661257\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.77205657958984,\n              18.417404396761235\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.78338623046875,\n              18.413169753365086\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.79093933105469,\n              18.409586512183846\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.7864761352539,\n              18.41675291994462\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.78475952148438,\n              18.4209874751591\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.78750610351562,\n              18.424570478928107\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.79711914062499,\n              18.4268505333736\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.81119537353516,\n              18.422290394255956\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.82389831542969,\n              18.42391902924885\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.82767486572266,\n              18.42815340805579\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.83660125732422,\n              18.43499333816783\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.8469009399414,\n              18.437924653474408\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.8575439453125,\n              18.43987883590277\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.85823059082031,\n              18.416101440661425\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fb4e4b0d1f9f065a87e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stallard, Robert F. 0000-0001-8209-7608 stallard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-7608","contributorId":1924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stallard","given":"Robert","email":"stallard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez, Grizelle","contributorId":194872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Grizelle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Torres-Sanchez, Angel J. 0000-0002-5595-021X ajtorres@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-021X","contributorId":5623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres-Sanchez","given":"Angel","email":"ajtorres@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70189248,"text":"70189248 - 2017 - Trimming a hazard logic tree with a new model-order-reduction technique","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-18T15:36:41","indexId":"70189248","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trimming a hazard logic tree with a new model-order-reduction technique","docAbstract":"<p><span>The size of the logic tree within the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast Version 3, Time-Dependent (UCERF3-TD) model can challenge risk analyses of large portfolios. An insurer or catastrophe risk modeler concerned with losses to a California portfolio might have to evaluate a portfolio 57,600 times to estimate risk in light of the hazard possibility space. Which branches of the logic tree matter most, and which can one ignore? We employed two model-order-reduction techniques to simplify the model. We sought a subset of parameters that must vary, and the specific fixed values for the remaining parameters, to produce approximately the same loss distribution as the original model. The techniques are (1) a tornado-diagram approach we employed previously for UCERF2, and (2) an apparently novel probabilistic sensitivity approach that seems better suited to functions of nominal random variables. The new approach produces a reduced-order model with only 60 of the original 57,600 leaves. One can use the results to reduce computational effort in loss analyses by orders of magnitude.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/092616EQS158M","usgsCitation":"Porter, K., Field, E., and Milner, K.R., 2017, Trimming a hazard logic tree with a new model-order-reduction technique: Earthquake Spectra, v. 33, no. 3, p. 857-874, https://doi.org/10.1193/092616EQS158M.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"857","endPage":"874","ipdsId":"IP-086311","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c34e4b0d1f9f057e2e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Porter, Keith","contributorId":191074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Porter","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":1165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward H.","email":"field@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":703719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milner, Kevin R.","contributorId":194141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milner","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70189241,"text":"70189241 - 2017 - Using mineral geochemistry to decipher slab, mantle, and crustal input in the generation of high-Mg andesites and basaltic andesites from the northern Cascade Arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-28T16:33:33","indexId":"70189241","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using mineral geochemistry to decipher slab, mantle, and crustal input in the generation of high-Mg andesites and basaltic andesites from the northern Cascade Arc","docAbstract":"<p><span>To better understand the role of slab melt in the petrogenesis of North Cascades magmas, this study focuses on petrogenesis of high-Mg lavas from the two northernmost active volcanoes in Washington. High-Mg andesites (HMA) and basaltic andesites (HMBA) in the Cascade Arc have high Mg# [molar Mg/(Mg+Fe</span><sup>2+</sup><span>)] relative to their SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>contents, elevated Nd/Yb, and are Ni- and Cr-enriched. The rock units examined here include the Tarn Plateau HMBA (51.8–54.0 wt% SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, Mg# 68–70) and Glacier Creek HMA (58.3–58.7 wt% SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, Mg# 63–64) from the Mount Baker Volcanic Field, and the Lightning Creek HMBA (54.8–54.6 SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, Mg# 69–73) from Glacier Peak. This study combines major and trace element compositions of minerals and whole rocks to test several petrogenetic hypotheses and to determine which, if any, are applicable to North Cascades HMA and HMBA. In the Tarn Plateau HMBA, rare earth element (REE) equilibrium liquids calculated from clinopyroxene compositions have high Nd/Yb that positively correlates with Mg#. This correlation suggests an origin similar to that proposed for Aleutian adakites, where intermediate, high Nd/Yb slab-derived melts interact with the overlying mantle to become Mg-rich, and subsequently mix with low Nd/Yb, mantle-derived mafic magmas with lower Mg#. In the Glacier Creek HMA, elevated whole-rock MgO and SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>contents resulted from accumulation of xenocrystic olivine and differentiation processes, respectively, but the cause of high Nd/Yb is less clear. However, high whole-rock Sr/P (fluid mobile/fluid immobile) values indicate a mantle source that was fluxed by an enriched, hydrous slab component, likely producing the observed high Nd/Yb REE signature. The Lightning Creek HMBA is a hybridized rock unit with at least three identifiable magmatic components, but only one of which has HMA characteristics. Cr and Mg contents in Cr-spinel and olivine pairs in this HMA component suggest that its source is a strongly depleted mantle, and high whole-rock Sr/P values indicate mantle melting that was induced through hydration, likely adding the component responsible for the observed high Nd/Yb REE pattern. The elevated SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>contents (54.6 wt%) of the HMA component resulted from differentiation or high degrees of partial melting of ultramafic material through the addition of H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O. Therefore the Lightning Creek HMBA is interpreted to have originated from a refractory mantle source that underwent melting through interaction with an enriched slab component. Our results indicate that in addition to slab-derived fluids, slab-derived melts also have an important role in the production of HMA and HMBA in the north Cascade Arc.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America","doi":"10.2138/am-2017-5756","usgsCitation":"Sas, M., DeBari, S., Clynne, M.A., and Rusk, B.G., 2017, Using mineral geochemistry to decipher slab, mantle, and crustal input in the generation of high-Mg andesites and basaltic andesites from the northern Cascade Arc: American Mineralogist, v. 102, no. 5, p. 948-965, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-5756.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"948","endPage":"965","ipdsId":"IP-074407","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343407,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Cascade Arc","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -128.935546875,\n              40.06125658140474\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.99267578124999,\n              40.06125658140474\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.99267578124999,\n              51.069016659603896\n            ],\n            [\n              -128.935546875,\n              51.069016659603896\n            ],\n            [\n              -128.935546875,\n              40.06125658140474\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"102","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c35e4b0d1f9f057e2f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sas, May","contributorId":194298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sas","given":"May","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeBari, Susan","contributorId":194299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeBari","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rusk, Brian G.","contributorId":23648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rusk","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189236,"text":"70189236 - 2017 - Volcanic unrest and hazard communication in Long Valley Volcanic Region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T15:18:02","indexId":"70189236","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Volcanic unrest and hazard communication in Long Valley Volcanic Region, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The onset of volcanic unrest in Long Valley Caldera, California, in 1980 and the subsequent fluctuations in unrest levels through May 2016 illustrate: (1) the evolving relations between scientists monitoring the unrest and studying the underlying tectonic/magmatic processes and their implications for geologic hazards, and (2) the challenges in communicating the significance of the hazards to the public and civil authorities in a mountain resort setting. Circumstances special to this case include (1) the sensitivity of an isolated resort area to media hype of potential high-impact volcanic and earthquake hazards and its impact on potential recreational visitors and the local economy, (2) a small permanent population (~8000), which facilitates face-to-face communication between scientists monitoring the hazard, civil authorities, and the public, and (3) the relatively frequent turnover of people in positions of civil authority, which requires a continuing education effort on the nature of caldera unrest and related hazards. Because of delays associated with communication protocols between the State and Federal governments during the onset of unrest, local civil authorities and the public first learned that the U.S. Geological Survey was about to release a notice of potential volcanic hazards associated with earthquake activity and 25-cm uplift of the resurgent dome in the center of the caldera through an article in the Los Angeles Times published in May 1982. The immediate reaction was outrage and denial. Gradual acceptance that the hazard was real required over a decade of frequent meetings between scientists and civil authorities together with public presentations underscored by frequently felt earthquakes and the onset of magmatic CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>emissions in 1990 following a 11-month long earthquake swarm beneath Mammoth Mountain on the southwest rim of the caldera. Four fatalities, one on 24 May 1998 and three on 6 April 2006, underscored the hazard posed by the CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>emissions. Initial response plans developed by county and state agencies in response to the volcanic unrest began with “The Mono County Volcano Contingency Plan” and “Plan Caldera” by the California Office of Emergency Services in 1982–84. They subsequently became integrated in the regularly updated County Emergency Operation Plan. The alert level system employed by the USGS also evolved from the three-level “Notice-Watch-Warning” system of the early 1980s through a five level color-code to the current “Normal-Advisory-Watch-Warning” ground-based system in conjunction with the international 4-level aviation color-code for volcanic ash hazards. Field trips led by the scientists proved to be a particularly effective means of acquainting local residents and officials with the geologically active environment in which they reside. Relative caldera quiescence from 2000 through 2011 required continued efforts to remind an evolving population that the hazards posed by the 1980–2000 unrest persisted. Renewed uplift of the resurgent dome from 2011 to 2014 was accompanied by an increase in low-level earthquake activity in the caldera and beneath Mammoth Mountain and continues through May 2016. As unrest levels continue to wax and wane, so will the communication challenges.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/11157_2016_32","usgsCitation":"Hill, D.P., Mangan, M.T., and McNutt, S.R., 2017, Volcanic unrest and hazard communication in Long Valley Volcanic Region, California, chap. <i>of</i> Advances in volcanology, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1007/11157_2016_32.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-071037","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/11157_2016_32","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c3ae4b0d1f9f057e321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, David P. hill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"hill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":703647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mangan, Margaret T. 0000-0002-5273-8053 mmangan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8053","contributorId":3343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"Margaret","email":"mmangan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McNutt, Stephen R.","contributorId":38133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70192903,"text":"70192903 - 2017 - Habitat associations of juvenile Burbot in a tributary of the Kootenai River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-14T17:04:43","indexId":"70192903","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat associations of juvenile Burbot in a tributary of the Kootenai River","docAbstract":"<p><span>Burbot&nbsp;</span><i>Lota lota</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in the lower Kootenai River, Idaho, have been the focus of extensive conservation efforts, particularly conservation aquaculture. One of the primary management strategies has been the release of Burbot into small tributaries in the Kootenai River basin, such as Deep Creek. Since 2012, approximately 12,000 juvenile Burbot have been stocked into Deep Creek; however, little is known about the habitat use of stocked Burbot. The objective of this study was to evaluate habitat associations of juvenile Burbot in Deep Creek. Fish and habitat were sampled from 58 reaches of the creek. Regression models suggested that Burbot moved little after stocking and were associated with areas of high mean depth and coarse substrate. This study provides additional knowledge on habitat associations of juvenile Burbot and suggests that managers should consider selecting deep habitats with coarse substrate for stocking locations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2017.1334702","usgsCitation":"Beard, Z.S., Quist, M.C., Hardy, R.S., and Ross, T.J., 2017, Habitat associations of juvenile Burbot in a tributary of the Kootenai River: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 146, no. 5, p. 1008-1015, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2017.1334702.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1008","endPage":"1015","ipdsId":"IP-082047","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348352,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Kootenai River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.65695190429686,\n              48.50113756368663\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.18728637695311,\n              48.50113756368663\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.18728637695311,\n              48.748039842585094\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.65695190429686,\n              48.748039842585094\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.65695190429686,\n              48.50113756368663\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"146","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e8b8e4b09af898c8cba1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beard, Zachary S.","contributorId":198840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beard","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":717332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hardy, Ryan S.","contributorId":167032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardy","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6764,"text":"Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Nampa, Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ross, Tyler J.","contributorId":171777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70192901,"text":"70192901 - 2017 - Population characteristics and the influence of discharge on Bluehead Sucker and Flannelmouth Sucker","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T14:28:36","indexId":"70192901","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population characteristics and the influence of discharge on Bluehead Sucker and Flannelmouth Sucker","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rivers are among some of the most complex and important ecosystems in the world. Unfortunately, many fishes endemic to rivers have suffered declines in abundance and distribution suggesting that alterations to lotic environments have negatively influenced native fish populations. Of the 35 fishes native to the Colorado River basin (CRB), seven are considered either endangered, threatened, or species of special concern. As such, the conservation of fishes native to the CRB is a primary interest for natural resource management agencies. One of the major factors limiting the conservation and management of fishes endemic to the CRB is the lack of basic information on their ecology and population characteristics. We sought to describe the population dynamics and demographics of three populations of Bluehead Suckers (</span><i>Catostomus discobolus</i><span>) and Flannelmouth Suckers (</span><i>C. latipinnis</i><span>) in Utah. Additionally, we evaluated the potential influence of altered flow regimes on the recruitment and growth of Bluehead Suckers and Flannelmouth Suckers. Mortality of Bluehead Suckers and Flannelmouth Suckers from the Green, Strawberry, and White rivers was comparable to other populations. Growth of Bluehead Suckers and Flannelmouth Suckers was higher in the Green, Strawberry, and White rivers when compared to other populations in the CRB. Similarly, recruitment indices suggested that Bluehead Suckers and Flannelmouth Suckers in the Green, Strawberry, and White rivers had more stable recruitment than other populations in the CRB. Models relating growth and recruitment to hydrological indices provided little explanatory power. Notwithstanding, our results indicate that Bluehead Suckers and Flannelmouth Suckers in the Green, Strawberry, and White rivers represent fairly stable populations and provide baseline information that will be valuable for the effective management and conservation of the species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.1643/CE-16-554","usgsCitation":"Klein, Z.B., Breen, M.J., and Quist, M.C., 2017, Population characteristics and the influence of discharge on Bluehead Sucker and Flannelmouth Sucker: Copeia, v. 105, no. 2, p. 375-388, https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-16-554.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"388","ipdsId":"IP-081127","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348399,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Green River, Strawberry River, White River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.04705810546874,\n              39.38950933076637\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0447998046875,\n              39.38950933076637\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.0447998046875,\n              40.992337919312305\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.04705810546874,\n              40.992337919312305\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.04705810546874,\n              39.38950933076637\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e8b8e4b09af898c8cba3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Zachary B.","contributorId":171709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klein","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breen, Matthew J.","contributorId":200099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breen","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":717329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70192868,"text":"70192868 - 2017 - Estimating the number of recreational anglers for a given waterbody","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T11:00:44","indexId":"70192868","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the number of recreational anglers for a given waterbody","docAbstract":"<p><span>Knowing how many anglers use a given body of water is paramount for understanding components of a fishery related to angling pressure and harvest, yet no study has attempted to provide an estimate of the population size of anglers for a given waterbody. Here, we use information from creel surveys in a removal-sampling framework to estimate total numbers of anglers using six reservoirs in Nebraska, USA, and we examine the influence of the duration of sampling period on those estimates. Population estimates (N</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>SE) of unique anglers were 2050</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>45 for Branched Oak Lake, 1992</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>29 for<span> Calamus</span><span>&nbsp;</span>Reservoir, 929</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>10 for Harlan County Reservoir, 985</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>24 for Lake McConaughy, 1277</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>24 for Merritt Reservoir, and 916</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>±</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>18 for Pawnee Lake during April–October 2015. Shortening the sampling period by one or more months generally resulted in a greater effect on estimates of precision than on estimates of overall abundance. No relationship existed between abundances of unique anglers and angling pressures across reservoirs and sampling duration, indicative of a decoupling of angler abundance and angling pressure. The approach outlined herein has potential to provide defendable answers to “how many are there?”, questions we ask when subjects cannot be marked, which should provide new insights about angler populations and subpopulations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2017.03.004","usgsCitation":"Pope, K.L., Powell, L.A., Harmon, B.S., Pegg, M.A., and Chizinski, C.J., 2017, Estimating the number of recreational anglers for a given waterbody: Fisheries Research, v. 191, p. 69-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2017.03.004.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-081323","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","volume":"191","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425b6e4b0dc0b45b45341","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, Larkin A.","contributorId":198829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"Larkin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harmon, Brian S.","contributorId":172278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harmon","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pegg, Mark A.","contributorId":198830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pegg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":7178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":717250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70192087,"text":"70192087 - 2017 - Unique genome organization of non-mammalian papillomaviruses provides insights into the evolution of viral early proteins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-05T10:21:31","indexId":"70192087","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5051,"text":"Virus Evolution","onlineIssn":"2057-1577","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unique genome organization of non-mammalian papillomaviruses provides insights into the evolution of viral early proteins","docAbstract":"<p><span>The family&nbsp;</span><i>Papillomaviridae</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>contains more than 320 papillomavirus types, with most having been identified as infecting skin and mucosal epithelium in mammalian hosts. To date, only nine non-mammalian papillomaviruses have been described from birds (</span><i>n</i><span> = 5), a fish (</span><i>n</i><span> = 1), a snake (</span><i>n</i><span> = 1), and turtles (</span><i>n</i><span> = 2). The identification of papillomaviruses in sauropsids and a sparid fish suggests that early ancestors of papillomaviruses were already infecting the earliest Euteleostomi. The Euteleostomi clade includes more than 90 per cent of the living vertebrate species, and progeny virus could have been passed on to all members of this clade, inhabiting virtually every habitat on the planet. As part of this study, we isolated a novel papillomavirus from a 16-year-old female Adélie penguin (</span><i>Pygoscelis adeliae</i><span>) from Cape Crozier, Ross Island (Antarctica). The new papillomavirus shares ∼64 per cent genome-wide identity to a previously described Adélie penguin papillomavirus. Phylogenetic analyses show that the non-mammalian viruses (expect the python,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Morelia spilota</i><span>, associated papillomavirus) cluster near the base of the papillomavirus evolutionary tree. A papillomavirus isolated from an avian host (Northern fulmar;<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Fulmarus glacialis</i><span>), like the two turtle papillomaviruses, lacks a putative E9 protein that is found in all other avian papillomaviruses. Furthermore, the Northern fulmar papillomavirus has an E7 more similar to the mammalian viruses than the other avian papillomaviruses. Typical E6 proteins of mammalian papillomaviruses have two Zinc finger motifs, whereas the sauropsid papillomaviruses only have one such motif. Furthermore, this motif is absent in the fish papillomavirus. Thus, it is highly likely that the most recent common ancestor of the mammalian and sauropsid papillomaviruses had a single motif E6. It appears that a motif duplication resulted in mammalian papillomaviruses having a double Zinc finger motif in E6. We estimated the divergence time between Northern fulmar-associated papillomavirus and the other Sauropsid papillomaviruses be to around 250 million years ago, during the Paleozoic-Mesozoic transition and our analysis dates the root of the papillomavirus tree between 400 and 600 million years ago. Our analysis shows evidence for niche adaptation and that these non-mammalian viruses have highly divergent E6 and E7 proteins, providing insights into the evolution of the early viral (onco-)proteins.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/ve/vex027","usgsCitation":"Van Doorslaer, K., Ruoppolo, V., Schmidt, A., Lescroel, A., Jongsomjit, D., Elrod, M., Kraberger, S., Stainton, D., Dugger, K.M., Ballard, G., Ainley, D.G., and Varsani, A., 2017, Unique genome organization of non-mammalian papillomaviruses provides insights into the evolution of viral early proteins: Virus Evolution, v. 3, no. 2, Article vex027; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/vex027.","productDescription":"Article vex027; 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-087793","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/vex027","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b994e4b05fe04cd65c78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Doorslaer, Koenraad","contributorId":197712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Doorslaer","given":"Koenraad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruoppolo, Valeria","contributorId":197713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruoppolo","given":"Valeria","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, Annie","contributorId":197714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Annie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lescroel, Amelie","contributorId":197715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lescroel","given":"Amelie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jongsomjit, Dennis","contributorId":197716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jongsomjit","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elrod, Megan","contributorId":197717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elrod","given":"Megan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kraberger, Simona","contributorId":197730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kraberger","given":"Simona","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stainton, Daisy","contributorId":197731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stainton","given":"Daisy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":36037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":714157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ballard, Grant","contributorId":197700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballard","given":"Grant","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ainley, David G.","contributorId":32039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":34154,"text":"Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Stinson Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":714159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Varsani, Arvind","contributorId":171722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varsani","given":"Arvind","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70192474,"text":"70192474 - 2017 - Subsurface geometry of the San Andreas fault in southern California: Results from the Salton Seismic Imaging Project (SSIP) and strong ground motion expectations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T13:42:21","indexId":"70192474","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface geometry of the San Andreas fault in southern California: Results from the Salton Seismic Imaging Project (SSIP) and strong ground motion expectations","docAbstract":"<p><span>The San Andreas fault (SAF) is one of the most studied strike‐slip faults in the world; yet its subsurface geometry is still uncertain in most locations. The Salton Seismic Imaging Project (SSIP) was undertaken to image the structure surrounding the SAF and also its subsurface geometry. We present SSIP studies at two locations in the Coachella Valley of the northern Salton trough. On our line 4, a fault‐crossing profile just north of the Salton Sea, sedimentary basin depth reaches 4&nbsp;km southwest of the SAF. On our line 6, a fault‐crossing profile at the north end of the Coachella Valley, sedimentary basin depth is&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x223C;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>2</mn><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2013;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>3</mn><mtext xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2009;&amp;#x2009;</mtext><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot;>km</mi></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"mo\">∼</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mn\">2</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mo\">–</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"mn\">3</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mtext\">  </span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"mi\">km</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and centered on the central, most active trace of the SAF. Subsurface geometry of the SAF and nearby faults along these two lines is determined using a new method of seismic‐reflection imaging, combined with potential‐field studies and earthquakes. Below a 6–9&nbsp;km depth range, the SAF dips<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x223C;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>50</mn><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#xB0;</mo><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2013;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>60</mn><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#xB0;</mo></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"mo\">∼</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-12\" class=\"mn\">50</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-13\" class=\"mo\">°</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-14\" class=\"mo\">–</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-15\" class=\"mn\">60</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-16\" class=\"mo\">°</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>NE, and above this depth range it dips more steeply. Nearby faults are also imaged in the upper 10&nbsp;km, many of which dip steeply and project to mapped surface fault traces. These secondary faults may join the SAF at depths below about 10&nbsp;km to form a flower‐like structure. In Appendix&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref link-reveal xref-default\" data-open=\"x4\">D</a><span>, we show that rupture on a northeast‐dipping SAF, using a single plane that approximates the two dips seen in our study, produces shaking that differs from shaking calculated for the Great California ShakeOut, for which the southern SAF was modeled as vertical in most places: shorter‐period (</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot;>T</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;lt;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>1</mn><mtext xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;#x2009;&amp;#x2009;</mtext><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>s</mi></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-17\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-18\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-19\" class=\"mi\">T</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-20\" class=\"mo\">&lt;</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-21\" class=\"mn\">1</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-22\" class=\"mtext\">  </span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-23\" class=\"mi\">s</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span>) shaking is increased locally by up to a factor of 2 on the hanging wall and is decreased locally by up to a factor of 2 on the footwall, compared to shaking calculated for a vertical fault.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120160309","usgsCitation":"Fuis, G.S., Bauer, K., Goldman, M.R., Ryberg, T., Langenheim, V., Scheirer, D., Rymer, M.J., Stock, J.M., Hole, J.A., Catchings, R.D., Graves, R., and Aagaard, B.T., 2017, Subsurface geometry of the San Andreas fault in southern California: Results from the Salton Seismic Imaging Project (SSIP) and strong ground motion expectations: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 107, no. 4, p. 1642-1662, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120160309.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1642","endPage":"1662","ipdsId":"IP-086504","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_2600892","text":"External Repository"},{"id":352948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117,\n              32.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              32.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              34.2\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              34.2\n            ],\n            [\n              -117,\n              32.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee853e4b0da30c1bfc422","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuis, Gary S. 0000-0002-3078-1544 fuis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-1544","contributorId":2639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"Gary","email":"fuis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bauer, Klaus","contributorId":198443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bauer","given":"Klaus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, Mark R. 0000-0002-0802-829X goldman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-829X","contributorId":1521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Mark","email":"goldman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ryberg, Trond","contributorId":198444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Trond","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":151042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scheirer, Daniel S. dscheirer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheirer","given":"Daniel S.","email":"dscheirer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stock, Joann M.","contributorId":198445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stock","given":"Joann","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hole, John A.","contributorId":198446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hole","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Graves, Robert 0000-0001-9758-453X rwgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":140738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Robert","email":"rwgraves@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Aagaard, Brad T. 0000-0002-8795-9833 baagaard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-9833","contributorId":192869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aagaard","given":"Brad","email":"baagaard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70191078,"text":"70191078 - 2017 - Short-term ecological consequences of collaborative restoration treatments in ponderosa pine forests of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-25T11:38:59","indexId":"70191078","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short-term ecological consequences of collaborative restoration treatments in ponderosa pine forests of Colorado","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecological restoration treatments are being implemented at an increasing rate in ponderosa pine and other dry conifer forests across the western United States, via the USDA Forest Service’s Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration (CFLR) program. In this program, collaborative stakeholder groups work with National Forests (NFs) to adaptively implement and monitor ecological restoration treatments intended to offset the effects of many decades of anthropogenic stressors. We initiated a novel study to expand the scope of treatment effectiveness monitoring efforts in one of the first CFLR landscapes, Colorado’s Front Range. We used a Before/After/Control/Impact framework to evaluate the short-term consequences of treatments on numerous ecological properties. We collected pre-treatment and one year post-treatment data on NF and partner agencies’ lands, in 66 plots distributed across seven treatment units and nearby untreated areas. Our results reflected progress toward several treatment objectives: treated areas had lower tree density and basal area, greater openness, no increase in exotic understory plants, no decrease in native understory plants, and no decrease in use by tree squirrels and ungulates. However, some findings suggested the need for adaptive modification of both treatment prescriptions and monitoring protocols: treatments did not promote heterogeneity of stand structure, and monitoring methods may not have been robust enough to detect changes in surface fuels. Our study highlights both the effective aspects of these restoration treatments, and the importance of initiating and continuing collaborative science-based monitoring to improve the outcomes of broad-scale forest restoration efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2017.03.008","collaboration":"Paula Fornwalt; Jonas Feinstein","usgsCitation":"Briggs, J.S., Fornwalt, P.J., and Feinstein, J.A., 2017, Short-term ecological consequences of collaborative restoration treatments in ponderosa pine forests of Colorado: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 395, p. 69-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.03.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"80","ipdsId":"IP-079089","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.03.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","volume":"395","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ca15ade4b017cf314041c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, Jenny S. 0000-0001-7454-6928 jsbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-6928","contributorId":3087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Jenny","email":"jsbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fornwalt, Paula J.","contributorId":196676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fornwalt","given":"Paula","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feinstein, Jonas A.","contributorId":196677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feinstein","given":"Jonas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193476,"text":"70193476 - 2017 - Grassland bird productivity in warm season grass fields in southwest Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T14:51:05","indexId":"70193476","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5153,"text":"The American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grassland bird productivity in warm season grass fields in southwest Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Surrogate grasslands established through federal set-aside programs, such as U.S. Department of Agriculture's Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), provide important habitat for grassland birds. Warm season grass CRP fields as a group have the potential for providing a continuum of habitat structure for breeding birds, depending on how the fields are managed and their floristic composition. We studied the nesting activity of four obligate grassland bird species, Bobolink (</span><i><i>Dolichonyx oryzivorus</i></i><span>), Eastern Meadowlark (</span><i><i>Sturnella magna</i></i><span>), Grasshopper Sparrow (</span><i><i>Ammodramus savannarum</i></i><span>), and Henslow's Sparrow (</span><i><i>A. henslowii</i></i><span>), in relation to vegetative composition and fire management in warm season CRP fields in southwest Wisconsin during 2009–2011. Intraspecific variation in apparent nest density was related to the number of years since the field was burned. Apparent Grasshopper Sparrow nest density was highest in the breeding season immediately following spring burns, apparent Henslow's Sparrow nest density was highest 1 y post burn, and apparent Bobolink and Eastern Meadowlark nest densities were higher in post fire years one to three. Grasshopper Sparrow nest density was highest on sites with more diverse vegetation, specifically prairie forbs, and on sites with shorter less dense vegetation. Bobolink, Eastern Meadowlark, and Henslow's Sparrow apparent nest densities were higher on sites with deeper litter; litter was the vegetative component that was most affected by spring burns. Overall nest success was 0.487 for Bobolink (22 d nesting period), 0.478 for Eastern Meadowlark (25 d nesting period), 0.507 for Grasshopper Sparrow (22 d nesting period), and 0.151 for Henslow's Sparrow (21 d nesting period). The major nest predators were grassland-associated species: thirteen-lined ground squirrel (</span><i>Ictidomys tridecemlineatus</i><span>), striped skunk (</span><i><i>Mephitis mephitis</i></i><span>), milk snake (</span><i><i>Lampropeltis triangulum</i></i><span>), American badger (</span><i><i>Taxidea taxus</i></i><span>), and western fox snake (</span><i>Elaphe vulpina</i><span>). Overall depredation rate was not affected by the number of years since the site had been burned. The diversity of vegetation on warm season CRP fields created by management using fire provides a continuum of structure for obligate grassland birds to use for breeding and habitat for a diversity of nest predators.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-178.1.47","usgsCitation":"Byers, C.M., Ribic, C., Sample, D.W., Dadisman, J.D., and Guttery, M., 2017, Grassland bird productivity in warm season grass fields in southwest Wisconsin: The American Midland Naturalist, v. 178, no. 1, p. 47-63, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-178.1.47.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"63","ipdsId":"IP-079728","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","volume":"178","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a06c8cbe4b09af898c8610c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byers, Carolyn M.","contributorId":200253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byers","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ribic, Christine 0000-0003-2583-1778 caribic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":147952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sample, David W.","contributorId":19484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sample","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dadisman, John D.","contributorId":171934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dadisman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guttery, Michael","contributorId":191425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guttery","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70193615,"text":"70193615 - 2017 - Evaluation of genetic population structure of smallmouth bass in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T22:19:39","indexId":"70193615","displayToPublicDate":"2017-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of genetic population structure of smallmouth bass in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>The Smallmouth Bass <i>Micropterus dolomieu</i> was introduced into the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania, nearly 150 years ago. Since introduction, it has become an economically and ecologically important species that supports popular recreational fisheries. It is also one of the most abundant top predators in the system. Currently, there is no information on the level of genetic diversity or genetic structuring that may have occurred since introduction. An understanding of genetic diversity is important for the delineation of management units and investigation of gene flow at various management scales. The goals of this research were to investigate population genetic structure of Smallmouth Bass at sites within the Susquehanna River basin and to assess genetic differentiation relative to Smallmouth Bass at an out-of-basin site (Allegheny River, Pennsylvania) located within the species’ native range. During spring 2015, fin clips (<i>n</i> = 1,034) were collected from adults at 11 river sites and 13 tributary sites in the Susquehanna River basin and at one site on the Allegheny River. Fin clips were genotyped at 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci. Based on our results, adults sampled throughout the Susquehanna River basin did not represent separate genetic populations. There were only subtle differences in genetic diversity among sites (mean pairwise genetic differentiation index <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> = 0.012), and there was an overall lack of population differentiation (<i>K</i> = 3 admixed populations). The greatest genetic differentiation was observed between fish collected from the out-of-basin site and those from the Susquehanna River basin sites. Knowledge that separate genetic populations of Smallmouth Bass do not exist in the Susquehanna River basin is valuable information for fisheries management in addition to providing baseline genetic data on an introduced sport fish population.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2017.1327902","usgsCitation":"Schall, M.K., Bartron, M.L., Wertz, T., Niles, J.M., Shaw, C., and Wagner, T., 2017, Evaluation of genetic population structure of smallmouth bass in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 37, no. 4, p. 850-861, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2017.1327902.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"850","endPage":"861","ipdsId":"IP-079164","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348212,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River basin","volume":"37","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a00314fe4b0531197b5a742","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schall, Megan K.","contributorId":115964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schall","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":17758,"text":"Pennsylvania State Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartron, Meredith L.","contributorId":149109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartron","given":"Meredith","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":26874,"text":"USFWS, Lamar, PA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wertz, Timothy","contributorId":66866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wertz","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[{"id":17703,"text":"Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Niles, Jonathan M.","contributorId":146975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niles","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35657,"text":"Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shaw, Cassidy H. 0000-0003-2639-1241","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2639-1241","contributorId":197773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"Cassidy H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189130,"text":"70189130 - 2017 - Tracking the fate of nitrate through pulse-flow wetlands: A mesocosm scale 15N enrichment tracer study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-30T14:31:10","indexId":"70189130","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tracking the fate of nitrate through pulse-flow wetlands: A mesocosm scale <sup>15</sup>N enrichment tracer study","title":"Tracking the fate of nitrate through pulse-flow wetlands: A mesocosm scale 15N enrichment tracer study","docAbstract":"<p><span>Quantitative information about the fate of applied nitrate (NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N) in pulse-flow constructed wetlands is essential for designing wetland treatment systems and assessing their nitrogen removal services for agricultural and stormwater applications. Although many studies have documented NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N losses in wetlands, controlled experiments indicating the relative importance of different processes and N sinks are scarce. In the current study,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>15</sup><span>NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N isotope enrichment tracer experiments were conducted in wetland mesocosms of two different wetland soil types at two realistic agricultural NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N source loads. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>15</sup><span>N label was traced from the source NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N into plant biomass, soil (including organic matter and ammonium), and N-gas constituents over 7–10&nbsp;day study periods. All sinks responded positively to higher NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N loading. Plant uptake exceeded denitrification 2–3 fold in the low NO</span><sub>3</sub><span>-N loading experiments, while both fates were nearly equivalent in the high loading experiments. One to two years later, soils largely retained the assimilated tracer N, whereas plants had lost much of it. Results demonstrated that plant and microbial assimilation in the soil (temporary N sinks) can exceed denitrification (permanent&nbsp;N loss) in pulse-flow environments and must be considered by wetland designers and managers for optimizing nitrogen removal potential.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.06.016","usgsCitation":"Messer, T.L., Burchell, M.R., Bohlke, J., and Tobias, C.R., 2017, Tracking the fate of nitrate through pulse-flow wetlands: A mesocosm scale 15N enrichment tracer study: Ecological Engineering, v. 106, no. Part A, p. 597-608, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.06.016.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"597","endPage":"608","ipdsId":"IP-087527","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.06.016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"Part A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59576333e4b0d1f9f051b4f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Messer, Tiffany L.","contributorId":194057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Messer","given":"Tiffany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burchell, Michael R.","contributorId":174553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burchell","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tobias, Craig R.","contributorId":194058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobias","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70188842,"text":"70188842 - 2017 - Estimating incision healing rate for surgically implanted acoustic transmitters from recaptured fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T20:17:18","indexId":"70188842","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating incision healing rate for surgically implanted acoustic transmitters from recaptured fish","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Background</strong> Intracoelomic implantation of electronic tags has become a common method in fishery research, but rarely are fish examined by scientists after release to understand the extent that surgical incisions have healed. Walleye (<i>Sander vitreus</i>) are a valuable, highly exploited fishery resource in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Here, fishery capture of walleye with internal acoustic transmitters combined with a high reward program provided multiple opportunities to examine photographs and quantify the status of surgical incisions. Walleye (<i>n</i> = 926) from reef and river spawning populations in Lake Erie and Lake Huron were implanted with acoustic transmitters during spring spawning events from 2011 to 2016. Incisions were closed with polydioxanone monofilament using two to three interrupted sutures. Out of 276 recaptured fish, 60 incision sites were clearly visible in photographs, and these were scored by two independent readers for incision closure, inflammation, and the presence of sutures.</p><p><strong>Results</strong> While incision sites were completely closed by 61 days post-release (95% CI 44–94), sutures remained for up to 866 days. Sutures were expelled serially during a protracted period, and the probability of observing at least one suture in a recaptured fish declined below 50% after 673 days (95% CI 442–1016). Inflammation at the incision increased during the first 71 days and then declined monotonically, remaining detectable at low levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong> Our results emphasized that sutures remained in free-ranging fish past the time when they were beneficial for incision healing. Most dissolvable sutures have been designed for use in endotherms where the body temperature and internal milieu differ dramatically from the conditions experienced by fishes in temperate climates. Identification of new suture materials for fish that facilitate healing while absorbing or dissolving in a reasonable period (e.g., a few weeks to three months) in colder temperatures (e.g., &lt;12 °C) would be beneficial to mitigate potential adverse impacts from inflammation at the incision.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BMC Publications","doi":"10.1186/s40317-017-0130-2","usgsCitation":"Schoonyan, A., Kraus, R.T., Faust, M.D., Vandergoot, C., Cooke, S., Cook, H., Hayden, T.A., and Krueger, C., 2017, Estimating incision healing rate for surgically implanted acoustic transmitters from recaptured fish: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 5, no. 15, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-017-0130-2.","productDescription":"8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-083296","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-017-0130-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"15","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee854e4b0da30c1bfc42e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoonyan, Abby 0000-0002-1170-560X aschoonyan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-560X","contributorId":193493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoonyan","given":"Abby","email":"aschoonyan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraus, Richard T. 0000-0003-4494-1841 rkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":2609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","email":"rkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faust, Matthew D.","contributorId":145776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faust","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vandergoot, Christopher 0000-0003-4128-3329 cvandergoot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-3329","contributorId":178356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergoot","given":"Christopher","email":"cvandergoot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cooke, Steven J.","contributorId":56132,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooke","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[{"id":36574,"text":"Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cook, H. Andrew","contributorId":181530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cook","given":"H. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16762,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hayden, Todd A. 0000-0002-0451-0425 thayden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-0425","contributorId":5987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayden","given":"Todd","email":"thayden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":67821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70212318,"text":"70212318 - 2017 - Developing a landscape‐scale, multi‐species, and cost‐efficient conservation strategy for imperilled aquatic species in the Upper Tennessee River Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-08-14T14:58:41.648035","indexId":"70212318","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-29T09:52:22","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":862,"text":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a landscape‐scale, multi‐species, and cost‐efficient conservation strategy for imperilled aquatic species in the Upper Tennessee River Basin, USA","docAbstract":"<ol class=\"\"><li>Strategic conservation of imperilled species faces several major challenges including uncertainty in species response to management actions, budgetary constraints that limit options, and the need to scale expected conservation benefits from local to landscape levels and from single to multiple species.</li><li>A structured decision‐making process was applied to address these challenges and identify a cost‐effective conservation strategy for the Federally listed endangered and threatened aquatic species in the Upper Tennessee River Basin (UTRB). The UTRB, which encompasses a landscape of ~58 000 km<sup>2</sup>, primarily in western North Carolina, eastern Tennessee, and south‐western Virginia, harbours one of the most globally diverse assemblages of freshwater fishes and mussels at temperate latitudes. To develop a strategy for conservation of 12 fish species and 24 mussel species over a 20‐year period, a management strategy that would best recover these species was identified given costs and uncertainty in management effectiveness.</li><li>The main insights came from a trade‐off analysis that compared alternative allocations of effort among management actions. A strategy emphasizing population management, which included propagation and translocation, performed best across a wide range of objective weightings and was robust to uncertainty in management effectiveness. Species prioritization was based on the expected conservation benefit from the best performing strategy, degree of imperilment, and species‐specific management costs. Sub‐basin prioritization was based on expected conservation benefit from the best performing strategy and feasibility of habitat management and threat abatement.</li><li>Although the strategy was developed for imperilled aquatic species in the UTRB, the structured process is applicable for developing cost‐efficient strategies to conserve multiple species across a landscape under uncertain management effectiveness. The process can assist a manager with limited resources to understand which species to work on, where to conduct that work, and what work would be most beneficial for those species in those catchments.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/aqc.2785","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.R., Butler, R., Jones, J.W., Gatenby, C.M., Hylton, R., Parkin, M., and Schulz, C., 2017, Developing a landscape‐scale, multi‐species, and cost‐efficient conservation strategy for imperilled aquatic species in the Upper Tennessee River Basin, USA: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, v. 27, no. 6, p. 1224-1239, https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2785.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1224","endPage":"1239","ipdsId":"IP-075497","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":377522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Tennessee River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.836181640625,\n              34.642247047768535\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.36376953125,\n              34.84085858477277\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.8583984375,\n              35.11990857099681\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.144287109375,\n              34.786739162702524\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.5400390625,\n              34.67839374011646\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.14453125,\n              35.003003395276714\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.08984375,\n              35.39800594715108\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.26611328125,\n              36.86204269508728\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.661865234375,\n              37.93553306183642\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.94750976562499,\n              38.07404145941957\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.255126953125,\n              37.78808138412046\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.0791015625,\n              37.709899354855125\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.342529296875,\n              37.47485808497102\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.858642578125,\n              36.90597988519294\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.682373046875,\n              36.1733569352216\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.143798828125,\n              35.32633026307483\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.253662109375,\n              34.96699890670367\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.451416015625,\n              34.397844946449865\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.341552734375,\n              34.243594729697406\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.80322265625,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.836181640625,\n              34.642247047768535\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, Robert S.","contributorId":138875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butler","given":"Robert S.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Jess W","contributorId":238525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Jess","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gatenby, Catherine M","contributorId":238526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gatenby","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hylton, Roberta","contributorId":238527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hylton","given":"Roberta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parkin, Mary","contributorId":238528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parkin","given":"Mary","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schulz, Cindy","contributorId":238529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulz","given":"Cindy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70189014,"text":"70189014 - 2017 - A new species of iguana Brachylophus Cuvier 1829 (Sauria: Iguania: Iguanidae) from Gau Island, Fiji Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-21T07:31:35","indexId":"70189014","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3814,"text":"Zootaxa","onlineIssn":"1175-5334","printIssn":"1175-5326","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A new species of iguana <i>Brachylophus</i> Cuvier 1829 (Sauria: Iguania: Iguanidae) from Gau Island, Fiji Islands","title":"A new species of iguana Brachylophus Cuvier 1829 (Sauria: Iguania: Iguanidae) from Gau Island, Fiji Islands","docAbstract":"<p><span>The south Pacific iguanas (</span><i>Brachylophus</i><span>) currently have three recognized living species in Fiji.&nbsp; Recent surveys have uncovered more specific variation (morphological and genetic) within the genus and have better defined the geographic ranges of the named species.&nbsp; One of these recent discoveries is a strikingly different iguana from all other island populations in Fiji which is restricted to Gau Island of the Lomaiviti Province.&nbsp; Gau is the fifth largest island in Fiji and maintains excellent upland forests in the higher elevations.&nbsp; We describe this population from Gau Island as a new species,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Brachylophus gau</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>sp. nov., in recognition of its type locality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Magnolia Press","doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.4273.3.5","usgsCitation":"Fisher, R.N., Niukula, J., Watling, D., and Harlow, P.S., 2017, A new species of iguana Brachylophus Cuvier 1829 (Sauria: Iguania: Iguanidae) from Gau Island, Fiji Islands: Zootaxa, v. 4273, no. 3, p. 407-422, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4273.3.5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"422","ipdsId":"IP-081571","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4273.3.5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Fiji Islands","otherGeospatial":"Gau Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              179.3023681640625,\n              -17.934315530810014\n            ],\n            [\n              179.2529296875,\n              -17.934315530810014\n            ],\n            [\n              179.219970703125,\n              -17.978733095556155\n            ],\n            [\n              179.241943359375,\n              -18.049255668808136\n            ],\n            [\n              179.27764892578125,\n              -18.054478439496062\n            ],\n            [\n              179.34356689453125,\n              -18.1249706393865\n            ],\n            [\n              179.37652587890625,\n              -18.072756914578996\n            ],\n            [\n              179.3023681640625,\n              -17.934315530810014\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4273","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595611b0e4b0d1f9f050673f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niukula, Jone","contributorId":150083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niukula","given":"Jone","affiliations":[{"id":17904,"text":"National Trust of Fiji Islands, Suva, Fiji","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watling, Dick","contributorId":193849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watling","given":"Dick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harlow, Peter S.","contributorId":150093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harlow","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17909,"text":"Taronga Zoo, Mosman, NSW, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70188985,"text":"70188985 - 2017 - Reproductive strategy, spawning induction, spawning temperatures and early life history of captive sicklefin chub Macrhybopsis meeki","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-10T14:35:39","indexId":"70188985","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Reproductive strategy, spawning induction, spawning temperatures and early life history of captive sicklefin chub <i>Macrhybopsis meeki</i>","title":"Reproductive strategy, spawning induction, spawning temperatures and early life history of captive sicklefin chub Macrhybopsis meeki","docAbstract":"<p><i>Macrhybopsis</i><span> reproduction and propagule traits were studied in the laboratory using two temperature regimes and three hormone treatments to determine which methods produced the most spawns. Only sicklefin chub </span><i>Macrhybopsis meeki</i><span> spawned successfully although sturgeon chub </span><i>Macrhybopsis gelida</i><span> released unfertilized eggs. All temperature and hormone treatments produced </span><i>M. meeki</i><span> spawns, but two treatments had similar success rates at 44 and 43%, consisting of a constant daily temperature with no hormone added, or daily temperature fluctuations with hormone added to the water. Spawns consisted of multiple successful demersal circular swimming spawning embraces interspersed with circular swims without embraces. The most spawns observed for one female was four and on average, 327 eggs were collected after each spawn. The water-hardened eggs were semi-buoyant and non-adhesive, the first confirmation of this type of reproductive guild in the Missouri River </span><i>Macrhybopsis</i><span> sp. From spawn, larvae swam vertically until 123 accumulated degree days (° D) and 167° D for consumption of first food. Using average water speed and laboratory development time, the predicted drift distance for eggs and larvae could be 468–592 km in the lower Missouri River. Results from this study determined the reproductive biology and early life history of </span><i>Macrhybopsis</i><span> spp. and provided insight into their population dynamics in the Missouri River.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.13329","usgsCitation":"Albers, J.L., and Wildhaber, M.L., 2017, Reproductive strategy, spawning induction, spawning temperatures and early life history of captive sicklefin chub Macrhybopsis meeki: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 91, no. 1, p. 58-79, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13329.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"58","endPage":"79","ipdsId":"IP-064083","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70P0X9Q","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Reproductive strategy, spawning induction, spawning temperatures and early life history of captive sicklefin chub Macrhybopsis meeki-Data"},{"id":343074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59649235e4b0d1f9f05acd44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albers, Janice L. 0000-0002-6312-8269 jalbers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-8269","contributorId":3972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"Janice","email":"jalbers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wildhaber, Mark L. 0000-0002-6538-9083 mwildhaber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6538-9083","contributorId":1386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildhaber","given":"Mark","email":"mwildhaber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":702248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70188918,"text":"70188918 - 2017 - Trace element contamination in feather and tissue samples from Anna’s hummingbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-02T08:50:47","indexId":"70188918","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace element contamination in feather and tissue samples from Anna’s hummingbirds","docAbstract":"<p><span>Trace element contamination (17 elements; Be, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Ba, Hg, Tl, and Pb) of live (feather samples only) and deceased (feather and tissue samples) Anna's hummingbirds (</span><i>Calypte anna</i><span>) was evaluated. Samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS; 17 elements) and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Hg only). Mean plus one standard deviation (SD) was considered the benchmark, and concentrations above the mean&nbsp;+&nbsp;1 SD were considered elevated above normal. Contour feathers were sampled from live birds of varying age, sex, and California locations. In order to reduce thermal impacts, minimal feathers were taken from live birds, therefore a novel method was developed for preparation of low mass feather samples for ICP-MS analysis. The study found that the novel feather preparation method enabled small mass feather samples to be analyzed for trace elements using ICP-MS. For feather samples from live birds, all trace elements, with the exception of beryllium, had concentrations above the mean&nbsp;+&nbsp;1 SD. Important risk factors for elevated trace element concentrations in feathers of live birds were age for iron, zinc, and arsenic, and location for iron, manganese, zinc, and selenium. For samples from deceased birds, ICP-MS results from body and tail feathers were correlated for Fe, Zn, and Pb, and feather concentrations were correlated with renal (Fe, Zn, Pb) or hepatic (Hg) tissue concentrations. Results for AA spectrophotometry analyzed samples from deceased birds further supported the ICP-MS findings where a strong correlation between mercury concentrations in feather and tissue (pectoral muscle) samples was found. These study results support that sampling feathers from live free-ranging hummingbirds might be a useful, non-lethal sampling method for evaluating trace element exposure and provides a sampling alternative since their small body size limits traditional sampling of blood and tissues. The results from this study provide a benchmark for the distribution of trace element concentrations in feather and tissue samples from hummingbirds and suggests a reference mark for exceeding normal. Lastly, pollinating avian species are minimally represented in the literature as bioindicators for environmental trace element contamination. Given that trace elements can move through food chains by a variety of routes, our study indicates that hummingbirds are possible bioindicators of environmental trace element contamination.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.04.053","usgsCitation":"Mikoni, N.A., Poppenga, R.H., Ackerman, J., Foley, J.E., Hazlehurst, J., Purdin, G., Aston, L., Hargrave, S., Jelks, K., and Tell, L.A., 2017, Trace element contamination in feather and tissue samples from Anna’s hummingbirds: Ecological Indicators, v. 80, p. 96-105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.04.053.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"105","ipdsId":"IP-082206","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F75H7DG7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Mercury contamination in Annas hummingbirds"},{"id":343012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536ea0e4b062508e3c7a51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mikoni, Nicole A.","contributorId":193647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mikoni","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":701216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poppenga, Robert H.","contributorId":76063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poppenga","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7082,"text":"University of California - Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":701217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":701215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foley, Janet E.","contributorId":148029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foley","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16975,"text":"University of California Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":701218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hazlehurst, Jenny","contributorId":193648,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hazlehurst","given":"Jenny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":701219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Purdin, Guthrum","contributorId":193649,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Purdin","given":"Guthrum","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":701220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Aston, Linda","contributorId":193650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aston","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":701221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hargrave, Sabine","contributorId":193651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hargrave","given":"Sabine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":701222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jelks, Karen","contributorId":193652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jelks","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":701223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tell, Lisa A.","contributorId":193653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tell","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":701224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70193816,"text":"70193816 - 2017 - Acute toxicity of polyacrylamide flocculants to early life stages of freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T15:14:05","indexId":"70193816","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acute toxicity of polyacrylamide flocculants to early life stages of freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"<p><span>Polyacrylamide has become an effective tool for reducing construction-related suspended sediment and turbidity, which are considered to have significant adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems and are a leading cause of the degradation of North American streams and rivers. However, little is known about the effects of polyacrylamide on many freshwater organisms, and prior to the present study, no information existed on the toxicity of polyacrylamide compounds to native freshwater mussels (family Unionidae), one of the most imperiled faunal groups globally. Following standard test guidelines, we exposed juvenile mussels (test duration 96 h) and glochidia larvae (test duration 24 h) to 5 different anionic polyacrylamide compounds and 1 non-ionic compound. Species tested included the yellow lampmussel (</span><i>Lampsilis cariosa</i><span>), an Atlantic Slope species that is listed as endangered in North Carolina; the Appalachian elktoe (</span><i>Alasmidonta raveneliana</i><span>), a federally endangered Interior Basin species; and the washboard (</span><i>Megalonaias nervosa</i><span>), a common Interior Basin species. We found that median lethal concentrations (LC50s) of polyacrylamide ranged from 411.7 to &gt;1000 mg/L for glochidia and from 126.8 to &gt;1000 mg/L for juveniles. All LC50s were orders of magnitude greater (2–3) than concentrations typically recommended for turbidity control (1–5 mg/L), regardless of their molecular weight or charge density. The results demonstrate that the polyacrylamide compounds tested were not acutely toxic to the mussel species and life stages tested, indicating minimal risk of short-term exposure from polyacrylamide applications in the environment. However, other potential uses of polyacrylamide in the environment (e.g., wastewater treatment, paper processing, mining, algae removal) and their chronic or sublethal effects remain uncertain and warrant additional investigation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","doi":"10.1002/etc.3821","usgsCitation":"Buczek, S.B., Cope, W., McLaughlin, R.A., and Kwak, T.J., 2017, Acute toxicity of polyacrylamide flocculants to early life stages of freshwater mussels: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 36, no. 10, p. 2715-2721, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3821.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2715","endPage":"2721","ipdsId":"IP-086264","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425b6e4b0dc0b45b4534a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buczek, Sean B.","contributorId":200188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buczek","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":33914,"text":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cope, W. Gregory","contributorId":70353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"W. Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McLaughlin, Richard A.","contributorId":200189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33914,"text":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kwak, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0616-137X tkwak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-137X","contributorId":834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Thomas","email":"tkwak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70178639,"text":"sir20105070O - 2017 - Mineral-deposit model for lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-23T10:25:17","indexId":"sir20105070O","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-5070","chapter":"O","displayTitle":"Mineral-deposit model for lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites: Chapter O in <i>Mineral Deposit Models for Resource Assessment</i>","title":"Mineral-deposit model for lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites","docAbstract":"<p>Lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites comprise a compositionally defined subset of granitic pegmatites. The major minerals are quartz, potassium feldspar, albite, and muscovite; typical accessory minerals include biotite, garnet, tourmaline, and apatite. The principal lithium ore minerals are spodumene, petalite, and lepidolite; cesium mostly comes from pollucite; and tantalum mostly comes from columbite-tantalite. Tin ore as cassiterite and beryllium ore as beryl also occur in LCT pegmatites, as do a number of gemstones and high-value museum specimens of rare minerals. Individual crystals in LCT pegmatites can be enormous: the largest spodumene was 14 meters long, the largest beryl was 18 meters long, and the largest potassium feldspar was 49 meters long.</p><p>Lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites account for about one-fourth of the world’s lithium production, most of the tantalum production, and all of the cesium production. Giant deposits include Tanco in Canada, Greenbushes in Australia, and Bikita in Zimbabwe. The largest lithium pegmatite in the United States, at King’s Mountain, North Carolina, is no longer being mined although large reserves of lithium remain. Depending on size and attitude of the pegmatite, a variety of mining techniques are used, including artisanal surface mining, open-pit surface mining, small underground workings, and large underground operations using room-and-pillar design. In favorable circumstances, what would otherwise be gangue minerals (quartz, potassium feldspar, albite, and muscovite) can be mined along with lithium and (or) tantalum as coproducts.</p><p>Most LCT pegmatites are hosted in metamorphosed supracrustal rocks in the upper greenschist to lower amphibolite facies. Lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatite intrusions generally are emplaced late during orogeny, with emplacement being controlled by pre-existing structures. Typically, they crop out near evolved, peraluminous granites and leucogranites from which they are inferred to be derived by fractional crystallization. In cases where a parental granite pluton is not exposed, one is inferred to lie at depth. Lithium-cesium-tantalum LCT pegmatite melts are enriched in fluxing components including H2O, F, P, and B, which depress the solidus temperature, lower the density, and increase rates of ionic diffusion. This, in turn, enables pegmatites to form thin dikes and massive crystals despite having a felsic composition and temperatures that are significantly lower than ordinary granitic melts. Lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites crystallized at remarkably low temperatures (about 350–550 °C) in a remarkably short time (days to years).</p><p>Lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites form in orogenic hinterlands as products of plate convergence. Most formed during collisional orogeny (for example, Kings Mountain district, North Carolina). Specific causes of LCT pegmatite-related magmatism could include: ordinary arc processes; over thickening of continental crust during collision or subduction; slab breakoff during or after collision; slab delamination before, during, or after collision; and late collisional extensional collapse and consequent decompression melting. Lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatite deposits are present in all continents including Antarctica and in rocks spanning 3 billion years of Earth history. The global age distribution of LCT pegmatites is similar to those of common pegmatites, orogenic granites, and detrital zircons. Peak times of LCT pegmatite genesis at about 2640, 1800, 960, 485, and 310 Ma (million years before present) correspond to times of collisional orogeny and supercontinent assembly. Between these pulses were long intervals when few or no LCT pegmatites formed. These minima overlap with supercontinent tenures at ca. 2450–2225, 1625–1000, 875–725, and 250–200 Ma.</p><p>Exploration and assessment for LCT pegmatites are guided by a number of observations. In frontier areas where exploration has been minimal at best, the key first-order criteria are an orogenic hinterland setting, appropriate regional metamorphic grades, and the presence of evolved granites and common granitic pegmatites. New LCT pegmatites are most likely to be found near known deposits. Pegmatites tend to show a regional mineralogical and geochemical zoning pattern with respect to the inferred parental granite, with the greatest enrichment in the more distal pegmatites. Mineral-chemical trends in common pegmatites that can point toward an evolved LCT pegmatite include: increasing rubidium in potassium feldspar, increasing lithium in white mica, increasing manganese in garnet, and increasing tantalum and manganese in columbite-tantalite. Most LCT pegmatite bodies show a distinctive internal zonation featuring four zones: border, wall, intermediate (where lithium,&nbsp;cesium, and tantalum are generally concentrated), and core. This zonation is expressed both in cross section and map view; thus, what may appear to be a common pegmatite may instead be the edge of a mineralized body.</p><p>Neither lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites nor their parental granites are likely to cause serious environmental concerns. Soils and country rock surrounding a LCT pegmatite, as well as waste from mining operations, may be enriched in characteristic elements relative to global average soil and bedrock values. These elements may include lithium, cesium, tantalum, beryllium, boron, fluorine, phosphorus, manganese, gallium, rubidium, niobium, tin, and hafnium. Among this suite of elements, however, the only ones that might present a concern for environmental health are beryllium and fluorine, which are included in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water regulations with maximum contaminant levels of 4 micrograms per liter and 4 milligrams per liter, respectively.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineral deposit model for resource assessment (Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5070)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20105070O","usgsCitation":"Bradley, D.C., McCauley, A.D., and Stillings, L.M., 2017, Mineral-deposit model for lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010–5070–O, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20105070O.","productDescription":"v, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055446","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342538,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5070/o/sir20105070o.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.80 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2010–5070–O"},{"id":342537,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5070/o/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://minerals.cr.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://minerals.cr.usgs.gov/\">Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey <br>Box 25046,&nbsp;MS–973<br>Denver, CO 80225</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Introduction<br></li><li>Deposit Type and Associated Commodities<br></li><li>History of Pegmatite Research<br></li><li>Regional Environment<br></li><li>Physical Description of Deposits<br></li><li>Geophysical Characteristics<br></li><li>Hypogene Ore Characteristics<br></li><li>Hypogene Gangue Characteristics<br></li><li>Hydrothermal Alteration<br></li><li>Supergene Ore and Gangue Characteristics<br></li><li>Geochemical Characteristics<br></li><li>&nbsp;Theory of Pegmatite Origin<br></li><li>Geological Exploration and Assessment Guide<br></li><li>Geoenvironmental Features and Anthropogenic Mining Effects<br></li><li>Knowledge Gaps and Future Research Directions<br></li><li>Acknowledgments<br></li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2017-06-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594a3427e4b062508e36af42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCauley, Andrew D.","contributorId":177109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCauley","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stillings, Lisa L. 0000-0002-9011-8891 stilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-8891","contributorId":3143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stillings","given":"Lisa L.","email":"stilling@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70188591,"text":"70188591 - 2017 - Shifting brucellosis risk in livestock coincides with spreading seroprevalence in elk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-16T10:12:18","indexId":"70188591","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifting brucellosis risk in livestock coincides with spreading seroprevalence in elk","docAbstract":"<p><span>Tracking and preventing the spillover of disease from wildlife to livestock can be difficult when rare outbreaks occur across large landscapes. In these cases, broad scale ecological studies could help identify risk factors and patterns of risk to inform management and reduce incidence of disease. Between 2002 and 2014, 21 livestock herds in the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) were affected by brucellosis, a bacterial disease caused by </span><i>Brucella abortus</i><span>, while no affected herds were detected between 1990 and 2001. Using a Bayesian analysis, we examined several ecological covariates that may be associated with affected livestock herds across the region. We showed that livestock risk has been increasing over time and expanding outward from the historical nexus of brucellosis in wild elk on Wyoming’s feeding grounds where elk are supplementally fed during the winter. Although elk were the presumed source of cattle infections, occurrences of affected livestock herds were only weakly associated with the density of seropositive elk across the GYA. However, the shift in livestock risk did coincide with recent increases in brucellosis seroprevalence in unfed elk populations. As increasing brucellosis in unfed elk likely stemmed from high levels of the disease in fed elk, disease-related costs of feeding elk have probably been incurred across the entire GYA, rather than solely around the feeding grounds. Our results suggest that focused disease mitigation in areas where seroprevalence in unfed elk is high could reduce the spillover of brucellosis to livestock. We also highlight the need to better understand the epidemiology of spillover events with detailed histories of disease testing, calving, and movement of infected livestock. Finally, we recommend using case-control studies to investigate local factors important to livestock risk.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0178780","usgsCitation":"Brennan, A., Cross, P.C., Portacci, K., Scurlock, B.M., and Edwards, W.H., 2017, Shifting brucellosis risk in livestock coincides with spreading seroprevalence in elk: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 6, e0178780: 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178780.","productDescription":"e0178780: 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-082257","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178780","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.37890625,\n              41.42625319507269\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.95166015624999,\n              41.42625319507269\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.95166015624999,\n              46.10370875598026\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.37890625,\n              46.10370875598026\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.37890625,\n              41.42625319507269\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5944ee0ee4b062508e3335d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brennan, Angela","contributorId":145743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brennan","given":"Angela","affiliations":[{"id":16218,"text":"Department of Ecology, Montana State University, 310 Lewis Hall,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Portacci, Katie","contributorId":193014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Portacci","given":"Katie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon M.","contributorId":93788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6917,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":698469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, William H.","contributorId":9144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70188566,"text":"70188566 - 2017 - The role of paleoecology in restoration and resource management—The past as a guide to future decision-making: Review and example from the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, U.S.A","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-15T13:12:17","indexId":"70188566","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3910,"text":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","onlineIssn":"2296-701X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of paleoecology in restoration and resource management—The past as a guide to future decision-making: Review and example from the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, U.S.A","docAbstract":"<p><span>Resource managers around the world are challenged to develop feasible plans for sustainable conservation and/or restoration of the lands, waters, and wildlife they administer—a challenge made greater by anticipated climate change and associated effects over the next century. Increasingly, paleoecologic and geologic archives are being used to extend the period of record of observed data and provide information on centennial to millennial scale responses to long-term drivers of ecosystem change. The development of paleoecology from an emerging field investigating past environments to a highly relevant applied science is reviewed and general examples of the application of paleoecologic research to resource management questions in diverse habitats and regions are provided. Specific examples of the application of paleoecologic research to the restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem of south Florida (U.S.A) are presented. Conducting valuable scientific research that would benefit resource management decisions, however, is not enough. Scientists and resource managers need to be engaged in collaborative discussions from the beginning of the research process to ensure that management questions are being addressed and that the science reaches the people who will benefit from the information. Paleoecology and related disciplines provide an understanding of how ecosystems and individual species function and change over time in response to both natural and anthropogenic drivers. Information on pre-anthropogenic baseline conditions is provided by paleoecologic research, but it is the detection of long-term trends and cycles that allow resource managers to set realistic goals and targets by moving away from the fixed-point baseline concept to one of dynamic landscapes that anticipates and incorporates an expectation of change into decision-making.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2017.00011","usgsCitation":"Wingard, G.L., Bernhardt, C.E., and Wachnicka, A., 2017, The role of paleoecology in restoration and resource management—The past as a guide to future decision-making: Review and example from the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, U.S.A: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 5, Article 11: 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2017.00011.","productDescription":"Article 11: 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-079801","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2017.00011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Greater Everglades Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.5347900390625,\n              24.42214378185897\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.9200439453125,\n              24.42214378185897\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.9200439453125,\n              27.196014383173306\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.5347900390625,\n              27.196014383173306\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.5347900390625,\n              24.42214378185897\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59439c92e4b062508e31a986","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn 0000-0002-3833-5207 lwingard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-5207","contributorId":605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G.","email":"lwingard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernhardt, Christopher E. 0000-0003-0082-4731 cbernhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":2131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Christopher","email":"cbernhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wachnicka, Anna","contributorId":15500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wachnicka","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70188578,"text":"70188578 - 2017 - Continuity of the Reelfoot fault across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults of the New Madrid Seismic Zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-20T13:28:55","indexId":"70188578","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":960,"text":"BSSA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continuity of the Reelfoot fault across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults of the New Madrid Seismic Zone","docAbstract":"Previous investigators have argued that the northwest-striking Reelfoot\nfault of northwest Tennessee and southeastern Missouri is segmented. One segment\nboundary is at the intersection of the northeast-striking Cottonwood Grove and\nRidgely strike-slip faults with the Reelfoot fault. We use seismic reflection and geologic\nmapping to locate and determine the history of the Reelfoot South fault across\nthis boundary zone. One reflection profile revealed a southwest-dipping (81°) Reelfoot\nSouth reverse fault that displaces the top of the Paleozoic 65 m, Cretaceous 40 m,\nPaleocene 31 m, Eocene Wilcox Group 20 m, and Eocene Memphis Sand 16 m. A\nsecond reflection profile reveals a north-dipping (84°) reverse fault 4.3 km south of the\nReelfoot South fault, which defines the southwest margin of the Tiptonville dome.\nA geologic profile of the base of the ∼3:1 Ma Upland complex (Mississippi River\nterrace alluvium) within theMississippi River bluffs reveals ∼6 m of displacement across\nthe Reelfoot South fault. Similarly, Quaternary stream terrace distribution suggests ∼6 m\nof Reelfoot South hanging-wall (Tiptonville dome) uplift that is probably Holocene.\nFault strike trends show the Reelfoot fault and its hanging-wall Tiptonville dome are\nnot laterally offset across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults. The Reelfoot South\nfault northwest and southeast of the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults has very similar\nvertical displacement on common stratigraphic marker horizons in the upper 900 m.\nThese data indicate the Reelfoot fault/Tiptonville dome has acted as one continuous fault\nzone across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults since Late Cretaceous.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120150290","usgsCitation":"Greenwood, M., Woolery, E.W., Van Arsdale, R.B., Stephenson, W.J., and Patterson, G.L., 2017, Continuity of the Reelfoot fault across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults of the New Madrid Seismic Zone: BSSA, v. 106, no. 6, p. 2674-2685, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150290.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2674","endPage":"2685","ipdsId":"IP-072716","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Reelfoot fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.56878662109375,\n              35.68184060244453\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.1046142578125,\n              36.73668306473141\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.6319580078125,\n              36.78949107451841\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.1153564453125,\n              35.75765724051559\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.56878662109375,\n              35.68184060244453\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59439c90e4b062508e31a972","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenwood, M.L.","contributorId":192993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenwood","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woolery, Edward W 0000-0003-3398-5830","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3398-5830","contributorId":192994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woolery","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Arsdale, R. B.","contributorId":121450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Arsdale","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Patterson, Gary L. glpatter@usgs.gov","contributorId":519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Gary","email":"glpatter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":698444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70188555,"text":"70188555 - 2017 - Response of bird community structure to habitat management in piñon-juniper woodland-sagebrush ecotones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:50:56","indexId":"70188555","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of bird community structure to habitat management in piñon-juniper woodland-sagebrush ecotones","docAbstract":"<p><span>Piñon (</span><i>Pinus</i><span> spp.) and juniper (</span><i>Juniperus</i><span> spp.) woodlands have been expanding their range across the intermountain western United States into landscapes dominated by sagebrush (</span><i>Artemisia</i><span> spp.) shrublands. Management actions using prescribed fire and mechanical cutting to reduce woodland cover and control expansion provided opportunities to understand how environmental structure and changes due to these treatments influence bird communities in piñon-juniper systems. We surveyed 43 species of birds and measured vegetation for 1–3&nbsp;years prior to treatment and 6–7&nbsp;years post-treatment at 13 locations across Oregon, California, Idaho, Nevada, and Utah. We used structural equation modeling to develop and statistically test our conceptual model that the current bird assembly at a site is structured primarily by the previous bird community with additional drivers from current and surrounding habitat conditions as well as external regional bird dynamics. Treatment reduced woodland cover by &gt;5% at 80 of 378 survey sites. However, habitat change achieved by treatment was highly variable because actual disturbance differed widely in extent and intensity. Biological inertia in the bird community was the strongest single driver; 72% of the variation in the bird assemblage was explained by the community that existed seven years earlier. Greater net reduction in woodlands resulted in slight shifts in the bird community to one having ecotone or shrubland affinities. However, the overall influence of woodland changes from treatment were relatively small and were buffered by other extrinsic factors. Regional bird dynamics did not significantly influence the structure of local bird communities at our sites. Our results suggest that bird communities in piñon-juniper woodlands can be highly stable when management treatments are conducted in areas with more advanced woodland development and at the level of disturbance measured in our study.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2017.06.017","usgsCitation":"Knick, S.T., Hanser, S.E., Grace, J.B., Hollenbeck, J.P., and Leu, M., 2017, Response of bird community structure to habitat management in piñon-juniper woodland-sagebrush ecotones: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 400, p. 256-268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.06.017.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"256","endPage":"268","ipdsId":"IP-083953","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.06.017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342543,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.53076171875,\n              36.20882309283712\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.5,\n              36.20882309283712\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.5,\n              46.28622391806706\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.53076171875,\n              46.28622391806706\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.53076171875,\n              36.20882309283712\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"400","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59439c92e4b062508e31a98b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knick, Steven T. 0000-0003-4025-1704 steve_knick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-1704","contributorId":159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knick","given":"Steven","email":"steve_knick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanser, Steve E. 0000-0002-4430-2073 shanser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-2073","contributorId":152523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanser","given":"Steve","email":"shanser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hollenbeck, Jeff P. 0000-0001-6481-5354 jhollenbeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6481-5354","contributorId":5130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollenbeck","given":"Jeff","email":"jhollenbeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leu, Matthias","contributorId":68393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leu","given":"Matthias","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70190239,"text":"70190239 - 2017 - A genetic signature of the evolution of loss of flight in the Galapagos cormorant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-24T14:39:03","indexId":"70190239","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A genetic signature of the evolution of loss of flight in the Galapagos cormorant","docAbstract":"<div id=\"sec-1\" class=\"subsection\"><p><strong>INTRODUCTION</strong></p><p id=\"p-4\">Changes in the size and proportion of limbs and other structures have played a key role in the evolution of species. One common class of limb modification is recurrent wing reduction and loss of flight in birds. Indeed, Darwin used the occurrence of flightless birds as an argument in favor of his theory of natural selection. Loss of flight has evolved repeatedly and is found among 26 families of birds in 17 different orders. Despite the frequency of these modifications, we have a limited understanding of their underpinnings at the genetic and molecular levels.</p></div><div id=\"sec-2\" class=\"subsection\"><p><strong>RATIONALE</strong></p><p id=\"p-5\">To better understand the evolution of changes in limb size, we studied a classic case of recent loss of flight in the Galapagos cormorant (<i>Phalacrocorax harrisi</i>). Cormorants are large water birds that live in coastal areas or near lakes, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is the only flightless cormorant among approximately 40 extant species. The entire population is distributed along the coastlines of Isabela and Fernandina islands in the Galapagos archipelago.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i><span>&nbsp;</span>has a pair of short wings, which are smaller than those of any other cormorant. The extreme reduction of the wings and pectoral skeleton observed in<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i><span>&nbsp;</span>is an attractive model for studying the evolution of loss of flight because it occurred very recently; phylogenetic evidence suggests that<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i><span>&nbsp;</span>diverged from its flighted relatives within the past 2 million years. We developed a comparative and predictive genomics approach that uses the genome sequences of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and its flighted relatives to find candidate genetic variants that likely contributed to the evolution of loss of flight.</p></div><div id=\"sec-3\" class=\"subsection\"><p><strong>RESULTS</strong></p><p id=\"p-6\">We sequenced and de novo assembled the whole genomes of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and three closely related flighted cormorant species. We identified thousands of coding variants exclusive to<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and classified them according to their probability of altering protein function based on conservation. Variants most likely to alter protein function were significantly enriched in genes mutated in human skeletal ciliopathies, including<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ofd1</i>,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Evc</i>,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Wdr34</i>, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ift122</i>. We carried out experiments in<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i><span>&nbsp;</span>to confirm that a missense variant present in the Galapagos cormorant IFT122 protein is sufficient to affect ciliary function. The primary cilium is essential for Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in vertebrates, and individuals affected by ciliopathies have small limbs and ribcages, mirroring the phenotype of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i>. We also identified a 4–amino acid deletion in the regulatory domain of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Cux1</i>, a highly conserved transcription factor that has been experimentally shown to regulate limb growth in chicken. The four missing amino acids are perfectly conserved in all birds and mammals sequenced to date. We tested the consequences of this deletion in a chondrogenic cell line and showed that it impairs the ability of CUX1 to transcriptionally up-regulate cilia-related genes (some of which contain function-altering variants in<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i>) and to promote chondrogenic differentiation. Finally, we show that positive selection may have played a role in the fixation of the variants associated with loss of flight in<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i>.</p></div><div id=\"sec-4\" class=\"subsection\"><p><strong>CONCLUSION</strong></p><p id=\"p-7\">Our results indicate that the combined effect of variants in genes necessary for the correct transcriptional regulation and function of the primary cilium likely contributed to the evolution of highly reduced wings and other skeletal adaptations associated with loss of flight in<span>&nbsp;</span><i>P. harrisi</i>. Our approach may be generally useful for identification of variants underlying evolutionary novelty from genomes of closely related species.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.aal3345","usgsCitation":"Burga, A., Wang, W., Ben-David, E., Wolf, P.C., Ramey, A.M., Verdugo, C., Lyons, K., Parker, P.G., and Kruglyak, L., 2017, A genetic signature of the evolution of loss of flight in the Galapagos cormorant: Science, v. 356, no. 6341, Article eaal3345, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal3345.","productDescription":"Article eaal3345","ipdsId":"IP-076926","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal3345","text":"External Repository"},{"id":344965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"356","issue":"6341","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5997fc9be4b0b589267cd20c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burga, Alejandro","contributorId":195745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burga","given":"Alejandro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Weiguang","contributorId":195746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Weiguang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ben-David, Eyal","contributorId":195747,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ben-David","given":"Eyal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolf, Paul C.","contributorId":127725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7124,"text":"United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, 644 Bayfield Street, Suite 215, St Paul, Minnesota, 55107, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Verdugo, Claudio","contributorId":195748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verdugo","given":"Claudio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lyons, Karen","contributorId":195749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyons","given":"Karen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Parker, Patricia G.","contributorId":195750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kruglyak, Leonid","contributorId":195751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kruglyak","given":"Leonid","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
]}