Rapid population growth since the 1930s in Ocean County and vicinity, New Jersey, has placed increasing demands upon the area’s freshwater resources. To examine effects of groundwater withdrawals, a three-dimensional groundwater-flow model was developed to simulate the groundwater-flow systems of five area aquifers: the unconfined Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system and Vincentown aquifer, and three confined aquifers— the Rio Grande water-bearing zone, the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, and the Piney Point aquifer. The influence of withdrawals is evaluated by using transient groundwater-flow model simulations that incorporate three withdrawal schemes. These are (1) no-withdrawal conditions; (2) 2000–03 withdrawal conditions, using reported monthly withdrawals at all production wells from January 2000 through December 2003; and (3) maximum-allocation withdrawal conditions using the maximum withdrawal allowed by New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection permits at each well. Particle tracking analysis, using results from model simulations, delineated particle flow paths from production wells to the point of recharge, and estimated particle travel times.
Compared with no-withdrawal conditions, 2000–03 withdrawal conditions reduced the amount of groundwater flow out of the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system into streams, increased the net flow of water into other layers, reduced net flow into or out of storage, and reduced flow from the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system to constant head cells.
Freshwater discharging to the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor estuary from streams and groundwater is essential to maintaining the ecology of the bay. Examination of selected stress periods indicates that simulated base flow in streams flowing into the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor estuary is reduced by as much as 49 cubic feet per second for 2000 to 2003 withdrawal conditions when compared with no-withdrawal conditions.
In the three confined aquifers, water levels during periods of low recharge and high withdrawals, and high recharge and low withdrawals, were examined to determine seasonal effects on the confined flow systems. The simulated potentiometric surface of the Rio Grande water-bearing zone and the Atlantic City 800-foot sand during selected stress periods indicates substantial declines from no-withdrawal conditions to 2000–03 conditions as a result of groundwater withdrawals. Cones of depression in Toms River Township, Seaside Heights and Seaside Park Boroughs, and Barnegat Light Borough developed in the potentiometric surface of the Piney Point aquifer in response to withdrawals.
Maximum-allocation withdrawals decreased flow out of the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system to constant head cells, increased flow out of the aquifer system to adjacent and lower layers, and reduced groundwater discharge to streams when compared with 2000–03 withdrawal conditions. Increases in withdrawals from the Rio Grande water-bearing zone, the Atlantic City 800-foot sand, and the Piney Point aquifer result in an increase in simulated net groundwater flow into these aquifers. Base-flow reduction from 2000–03 conditions to maximum-allocation conditions of 25 to 29 cubic feet per second in all streams draining to the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor also is indicated. Potentiometric surfaces of the Rio Grande water-bearing zone, Atlantic City 800-foot sand, and the Piney Point aquifer during two stress periods of simulated maximum-allocation withdrawal conditions indicated the expansion of several cones of depression developed during 2000–03 withdrawals.
Simulation of average 2000–03 withdrawal conditions indicated the extent to which the groundwater-flow system is susceptible to potential saltwater intrusion into near-shore wells. Travel time from recharge to discharge location ranged from 11 to approximately 50,700 years in near-shore Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system wells. Those in Seaside Heights Borough, in Island Beach State Park (Berkeley Township), and in Ship Bottom Borough have particle travel times from 140 to 12,000 years and flow paths that originated under Barnegat Bay or the Atlantic Ocean from the simulation of average maximum-allocation withdrawal conditions.
Travel time along flow paths to wells screened in the Rio Grande water-bearing zone and the Atlantic City 800-foot sand from recharge to discharge point ranged from nearly 530 years to greater than 3.73 million years from the simulation of average 2000–03 withdrawal conditions. Particle tracking indicated that most wells screened in these aquifers derived a large part of their recharge from the Oswego River Basin, with a small portion of flow originating either beneath Barnegat Bay or to the east beneath the Atlantic Ocean. Travel time along flow paths that start beneath either Barnegat Bay or the Atlantic Ocean ranged from 2,300 to approximately 134,000 years from the simulation of average maximum-allocation withdrawal conditions.\"
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165035","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Cauller, S.J., Voronin, L.M., and Chepiga, M.M., 2016, Simulated effects of groundwater withdrawals from aquifers in Ocean County and vicinity, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5035, 77 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165035.","productDescription":"x, 77 p.","numberOfPages":"92","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-020396","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438535,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7H99392","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW2005 model used to simulate the effects of groundwater withdrawals from aquifers in Ocean County and vicinity, New Jersey"},{"id":330264,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5035/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":330265,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5035/sir20165035.pdf","text":"Report","size":"47.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5035 Report"},{"id":332215,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7H99392"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","county":"Ocean County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.03549194335938,\n 40.10118506258701\n ],\n [\n -74.04647827148438,\n 40.10538669840983\n ],\n [\n -74.0643310546875,\n 40.092781012494065\n ],\n [\n -74.09042358398438,\n 40.10013461308659\n ],\n [\n -74.08905029296875,\n 40.12219064672336\n ],\n [\n -74.19754028320312,\n 40.20195268954057\n ],\n [\n -74.33212280273438,\n 40.22397567550632\n ],\n [\n -74.55459594726562,\n 40.08122374895389\n ],\n [\n -74.53399658203125,\n 39.68393975392731\n ],\n [\n -74.45709228515625,\n 39.577114881737586\n ],\n [\n -74.4158935546875,\n 39.536880650643056\n ],\n [\n -74.410400390625,\n 39.49874248613119\n ],\n [\n -74.3609619140625,\n 39.487084981687495\n ],\n [\n -74.32525634765625,\n 39.49556336059472\n ],\n [\n -74.2401123046875,\n 39.46058338433589\n ],\n [\n -74.02999877929686,\n 39.74521015328692\n ],\n [\n -73.9764404296875,\n 40.091730433255\n ],\n [\n -74.03549194335938,\n 40.10118506258701\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Jersey Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110
Lawrenceville, NJ 08648
http://nj.usgs.gov
Probabilistic seismic‐hazard assessment (PSHA) requires an estimate of Mmax, the moment magnitude M of the largest earthquake that could occur within a specified area. Sparse seismicity hinders Mmax estimation in the central and eastern United States (CEUS) and tectonically similar regions worldwide (stable continental regions [SCRs]). A new global catalog of moderate‐to‐large SCR earthquakes is analyzed with minimal assumptions about enigmatic geologic controls on SCR Mmax. An earlier observation that SCR earthquakes of M 7.0 and larger occur in young (250–23 Ma) passive continental margins and associated rifts but not in cratons is not strongly supported by the new catalog. SCR earthquakes of M 7.5 and larger are slightly more numerous and reach slightly higher M in young passive margins and rifts than in cratons. However, overall histograms of M from young margins and rifts and from cratons are statistically indistinguishable. This conclusion is robust under uncertainties inM, the locations of SCR boundaries, and which of two available global SCR catalogs is used. The conclusion stems largely from recent findings that (1) large southeast Asian earthquakes once thought to be SCR were in actively deforming crust and (2) long escarpments in cratonic Australia were formed by prehistoric faulting. The 2014 seismic‐hazard model of the U.S. Geological Survey represents CEUS Mmax as four‐point probability distributions. The distributions have weighted averages of M 7.0 in cratons and M 7.4 in passive margins and rifts. These weighted averages are consistent with Mmax estimates of other SCR PSHAs of the CEUS, southeastern Canada, Australia, and India.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120160048","usgsCitation":"Wheeler, R.L., 2016, Maximum magnitude (Mmax) in the central and eastern United States for the 2014 U.S. Geological Survey Hazard Model: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 106, no. 5, p. 2154-2167, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120160048.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2154","endPage":"2167","ipdsId":"IP-076405","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58088686e4b0f497e78e24bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wheeler, Russell L. wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175979,"text":"sir20165126 - 2016 - Geologic framework, age, and lithologic characteristics of the North Park Formation in North Park, north-central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-19T09:30:47","indexId":"sir20165126","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5126","title":"Geologic framework, age, and lithologic characteristics of the North Park Formation in North Park, north-central Colorado","docAbstract":"Deposits of the North Park Formation of late Oligocene and Miocene age are locally exposed at small, widely spaced outcrops along the margins of the roughly northwest-trending North Park syncline in the southern part of North Park, a large intermontane topographic basin in Jackson County in north-central Colorado. These outcrops suggest that rocks and sediments of the North Park Formation consist chiefly of poorly consolidated sand, weakly cemented sandstone, and pebbly sandstone; subordinate amounts of pebble conglomerate; minor amounts of cobbly pebble gravel, siltstone, and sandy limestone; and rare beds of cobble conglomerate and altered tuff. These deposits partly filled North Park as well as a few small nearby valleys and half grabens. In North Park, deposits of the North Park Formation probably once formed a broad and relatively thick sedimentary apron composed chiefly of alluvial slope deposits (mostly sheetwash and stream-channel alluvium) that extended, over a distance of at least 150 kilometers (km), northwestward from the Never Summer Mountains and northward from the Rabbit Ears Range across North Park and extended farther northwestward into the valley of the North Platte River slightly north of the Colorado-Wyoming border. The maximum preserved thickness of the formation in North Park is about 550 meters near the southeastern end of the North Park syncline.
The deposition of the North Park Formation was coeval in part with local volcanism, extensional faulting, development of half grabens, and deposition of the Browns Park Formation and Troublesome Formation and was accompanied by post-Laramide regional epeirogenic uplift. Regional deposition of extensive eolian sand sheets and loess deposits, coeval with the deposition of the North Park Formation, suggests that semiarid climatic conditions prevailed during the deposition of the North Park Formation during the late Oligocene and Miocene.
The North Park Formation locally contains a 28.1-mega-annum (Ma, million years ago) ash-flow tuff near its base at Owl Ridge and is interbedded with 29-Ma rhyodacite lava flows and volcanic breccia at Owl Mountain. The formation locally contains vertebrate fossils at least as young as Barstovian age (about 15.9–12.6 Ma) and overlies rocks as young as the White River Formation, which contains vertebrate fossils of Chadronian age (about 37–33.8 Ma) in North Park and a bed of 36.0-Ma volcanic ash in the upper part of the Laramie River valley about 30 km northeast of Walden, Colorado. Based on the ages of the vertebrate fossils, folding of the rocks and sediments in the North Park syncline may be much younger than about 16 Ma.
Bedding characteristics of the North Park Formation suggest that (1) some or much of the sand, sandstone, and pebbly sandstone may have been deposited as sheetwash alluvium; (2) much of the siltstone may have been deposited as sheetwash alluvium or ephemeral pond or marsh deposits; (3) beds of sandy limestone probably were deposited as ephemeral pond or marsh deposits; and (4) altered tuff probably was deposited in ephemeral ponds or marshes. Most of the conglomerate and gravel in the North Park Formation are stream-channel deposits that were deposited by high-energy ephemeral or intermittent streams that issued from volcanic terrain rather than debris-flow deposits in relatively near-source fan deposits dominated by sediment gravity flow. Laccolithic doming, uplift, and tilting in the Never Summer Mountains near the Mount Richthofen stock, as well as the formation of volcanic edifices in the Never Summer Mountains and the Rabbit Ears Range during the late Oligocene and Miocene, significantly steepened stream gradients and greatly increased the erosive power and transport capacity of streams that transported large rock fragments and finer sediment eroded from volcanic and sedimentary sources and deposited them in the North Park Formation.
Much of the material that makes up the rocks and sediments of the North Park Formation was derived from the erosion of volcanic, intrusive, and sedimentary rocks. Clasts in the North Park Formation were derived chiefly from the erosion of volcanic and intrusive igneous rocks of late Oligocene and Miocene age that range in composition from rhyolite to trachybasalt. These rocks are locally exposed along the west flank of the Never Summer Mountains, the north flank of the Rabbit Ears Range, and the east flank of the Park Range at and near Rabbit Ears Peak. The minor amount of igneous and metamorphic clasts of Proterozoic age in the North Park Formation are commonly composed of durable rock types that are resistant to both physical and chemical weathering. Many of these clasts may have been derived from the erosion of conglomerate and conglomeratic sandstone in the Coalmont Formation rather than from basement rocks currently at or near the ground surface in the Never Summer Mountains. Much of the sand and finer grained particles in the North Park Formation probably were derived from the erosion of sandstone, shale, and sandy claystone of the Coalmont Formation. Likewise, much of the abundant sand-sized quartz and feldspar in sand, sandstone, and pebbly sandstone of the North Park Formation probably was derived from the erosion of sandstone, conglomeratic sandstone, and conglomerate of the Coalmont Formation. Some of the fine sand, very fine sand, and silt in very fine grained sandstone and siltstone of the North Park Formation may be derived from the erosion of coeval eolian sand and loess in the Browns Park Formation that was transported across the Park Range by westerly or southwesterly winds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165126","usgsCitation":"Shroba, R.R., 2016, Geologic framework, age, and lithologic characteristics of the North Park Formation in North Park, north-central Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5126, 28 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165126.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059910","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329640,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5126/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":329637,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5126/sir20165126.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.14 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016–5126"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"North Park Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.45820617675781,\n 40.558156335842106\n ],\n [\n -106.45820617675781,\n 40.689229364982054\n ],\n [\n -106.19453430175781,\n 40.689229364982054\n ],\n [\n -106.19453430175781,\n 40.558156335842106\n ],\n [\n -106.45820617675781,\n 40.558156335842106\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
Water samples were collected and analyzed for arsenic and radon from 36 private, mostly domestic wells that tap the Rancocas aquifer in southern New Castle and northern Kent Counties, Delaware, during the summer of 2015. Both arsenic and radon are from natural mineral sources, in particular glauconitic and other marine-derived sediments, which are important components of the geologic formations comprising the Rancocas aquifer. Routine testing of domestic wells is not required in Delaware; as a result, many homeowners are not aware of potential water-quality problems with these chemicals in their well water. Arsenic has previously been detected at levels of potential concern for human health in this aquifer in adjacent parts of Maryland where it is referred to as the Aquia aquifer. Arsenic and radon also have previously been detected in several Rancocas aquifer wells in Delaware. The Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control intends to use the data from this project to better identify areas with potential for levels of concern for domestic well owners. This report includes chemical results and maps showing the distribution of sampled wells and concentrations of arsenic and radon. All data collected for this study also are available in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System database.
Arsenic was detected above the minimum reporting limit of 0.1 micrograms per liter (µg/L) in 34 of the 36 wells sampled with concentrations ranging from about 0.11 to 27 µg/L. In 15 of the samples, arsenic concentrations were at or above the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10 µg/L for public wells. Most of the higher concentrations are clustered along a band running from the southwest to northeast in the southern part of the study area.
Radon, which is an inert gas derived from radium, was detected in all water samples with concentrations ranging from 85 to 1,870 picocuries per liter (pCi/L). Currently, the EPA has not set a MCL for radon in public water systems. There were no samples where radon was detected at a concentration exceeding the proposed alternative MCL of 4,000 pCi/L. Samples from 16 of 36 wells were above the lower proposed MCL of 300 pCi/L. Most of these samples were from wells greater than 200 feet deep located in a similar part of the aquifer as the higher concentrations of arsenic along an east-northeasterly line in the southern part of the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161143","isbn":"978-1-4113 4086-2","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) Water Supply Section, Groundwater Protection Branch","usgsCitation":"Denver, J.M., 2016, Occurrence and distribution of arsenic and radon in water from private wells in the Rancocas aquifer, southern New Castle and northern Kent Counties, Delaware, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1143, 15 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161143. ","productDescription":"vi, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-076094","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329414,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1143/ofr20161143.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.07 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1143"},{"id":329413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1143/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","county":"Kent County, New Castle County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.43624877929688,\n 39.310925412127155\n ],\n [\n -75.76034545898438,\n 39.298705113102244\n ],\n [\n -75.77888488769531,\n 39.50827899034114\n ],\n [\n -75.57220458984375,\n 39.51834388059882\n ],\n [\n -75.43624877929688,\n 39.310925412127155\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5522 Research Park Drive
Baltimore, MD 21228
Or visit our Web site at:
http://md.water.usgs.gov
The Mw 5.1 Fairview, Oklahoma, earthquake on 13 February 2016 and its associated seismicity produced the largest moment release in the central and eastern United States since the 2011 Mw 5.7 Prague, Oklahoma, earthquake sequence and is one of the largest earthquakes potentially linked to wastewater injection. This energetic sequence has produced five earthquakes with Mw 4.4 or larger. Almost all of these earthquakes occur in Precambrian basement on a partially unmapped 14 km long fault. Regional injection into the Arbuckle Group increased approximately sevenfold in the 36 months prior to the start of the sequence (January 2015). We suggest far-field pressurization from clustered, high-rate wells greater than 12 km from this sequence induced these earthquakes. As compared to the Fairview sequence, seismicity is diffuse near high-rate wells, where pressure changes are expected to be largest. This points to the critical role that preexisting faults play in the occurrence of large induced earthquakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2016GL070861","usgsCitation":"Yeck, W.L., Weingarten, M., Benz, H.M., McNamara, D.E., Bergman, E., Herrmann, R., Rubinstein, J.L., and Earle, P.S., 2016, Far-field pressurization likely caused one of the largest injection induced earthquakes by reactivating a large pre-existing basement fault structure: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 19, p. 10,198-10,207, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070861.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"10,198","endPage":"10,207","ipdsId":"IP-079896","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba5e4b01ccd5500baf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yeck, William L. 0000-0002-2801-8873 wyeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-8873","contributorId":147558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeck","given":"William","email":"wyeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weingarten, Matthew","contributorId":138656,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weingarten","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12481,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McNamara, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6860-0350 mcnamara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","email":"mcnamara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergman, E.","contributorId":184179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergman","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herrmann, R.B","contributorId":184256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrmann","given":"R.B","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rubinstein, Justin L. 0000-0003-1274-6785 jrubinstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-6785","contributorId":2404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubinstein","given":"Justin","email":"jrubinstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Earle, Paul S. 0000-0002-3500-017X pearle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-017X","contributorId":173551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earle","given":"Paul","email":"pearle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70176830,"text":"70176830 - 2016 - Potential effects of climate change on streamflow for seven watersheds in eastern and central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-10T11:22:18","indexId":"70176830","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3823,"text":"Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential effects of climate change on streamflow for seven watersheds in eastern and central Montana","docAbstract":"Eastern and central Montana.
Fish in Northern Great Plains streams tolerate extreme conditions including heat, cold, floods, and drought; however changes in streamflow associated with long-term climate change may render some prairie streams uninhabitable for current fish species. To better understand future hydrology of these prairie streams, the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System model and output from the RegCM3 Regional Climate model were used to simulate streamflow for seven watersheds in eastern and central Montana, for a baseline period (water years 1982–1999) and three future periods: water years 2021–2038 (2030 period), 2046–2063 (2055 period), and 2071–2088 (2080 period).
Projected changes in mean annual and mean monthly streamflow vary by the RegCM3 model selected, by watershed, and by future period. Mean annual streamflows for all future periods are projected to increase (11–21%) for two of the four central Montana watersheds: Middle Musselshell River and Cottonwood Creek. Mean annual streamflows for all future periods are projected to decrease (changes of −24 to −75%) for Redwater River watershed in eastern Montana. Mean annual streamflows are projected to increase slightly (2–15%) for the 2030 period and decrease (changes of −16 to −44%) for the 2080 period for the four remaining watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.06.001","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., Haj, A., Regan, R.S., and Viger, R., 2016, Potential effects of climate change on streamflow for seven watersheds in eastern and central Montana: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 7, p. 69-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.06.001.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"81","ipdsId":"IP-062632","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470510,"rank":4,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2016.06.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438538,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P26W5S","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Documentation of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System and Output from the RegCM3 Regional Climate Model Used to Estimate Potential Effects of Climate Change on Streamflow for Seven Watersheds in Eastern and Central Montana (2013-2014 Analyses)"},{"id":329422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337329,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.5066/F7P26W5S","text":"Potential effects of climate change on streamflow in eastern and central Montana (2013-2014 analyses) - PRMS model input and output"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-105.038405,45.000345],[-105.848065,45.000396],[-105.913382,45.000941],[-105.914258,44.999986],[-105.928184,44.993647],[-106.263586,44.993788],[-107.050801,44.996424],[-107.074996,44.997004],[-107.084939,44.996599],[-107.105685,44.998734],[-107.125633,44.999388],[-107.13418,45.000109],[-107.351441,45.001407],[-107.49205,45.00148],[-107.608854,45.00086],[-107.750654,45.000778],[-107.997353,45.001565],[-108.000663,45.001223],[-108.14939,45.001062],[-108.218479,45.000541],[-108.238139,45.000206],[-108.249345,44.999458],[-108.271201,45.000251],[-108.500679,44.999691],[-108.565921,45.000578],[-109.08301,44.99961],[-109.103445,45.005904],[-109.375713,45.00461],[-109.386432,45.004887],[-109.574321,45.002631],[-109.663673,45.002536],[-109.75073,45.001605],[-109.875735,45.003275],[-109.99505,45.003174],[-110.026347,45.003665],[-110.110103,45.003905],[-110.199503,44.996188],[-110.28677,44.99685],[-110.324441,44.999156],[-110.342131,44.999053],[-110.362698,45.000593],[-110.402927,44.99381],[-110.48807,44.992361],[-110.552433,44.992237],[-110.705272,44.992324],[-110.750767,44.997948],[-110.761554,44.999934],[-110.785008,45.002952],[-111.055199,45.001321],[-111.056207,44.935901],[-111.055629,44.933578],[-111.056888,44.866658],[-111.056416,44.749928],[-111.055511,44.725343],[-111.055208,44.624927],[-111.048974,44.474072],[-111.062729,44.476073],[-111.122654,44.493659],[-111.131379,44.499925],[-111.139455,44.517112],[-111.143557,44.535732],[-111.15959,44.546376],[-111.166892,44.54722],[-111.175747,44.552219],[-111.182551,44.566874],[-111.189617,44.571062],[-111.201459,44.575696],[-111.225208,44.581006],[-111.23018,44.587025],[-111.231227,44.606915],[-111.224161,44.623402],[-111.25268,44.651092],[-111.262839,44.649658],[-111.276956,44.655626],[-111.26875,44.668279],[-111.29626,44.702271],[-111.323669,44.724474],[-111.341351,44.7293],[-111.348184,44.725459],[-111.355768,44.727602],[-111.366723,44.738361],[-111.36627,44.742234],[-111.37476,44.750295],[-111.385005,44.755128],[-111.393854,44.752549],[-111.397805,44.746738],[-111.394459,44.744578],[-111.398575,44.723343],[-111.414271,44.710741],[-111.424214,44.714024],[-111.429604,44.720149],[-111.438793,44.720546],[-111.486019,44.707654],[-111.489339,44.704946],[-111.490228,44.700221],[-111.484898,44.687578],[-111.47798,44.682393],[-111.468833,44.679335],[-111.473178,44.665479],[-111.50494,44.635746],[-111.521688,44.613371],[-111.525764,44.604883],[-111.524213,44.595585],[-111.519126,44.582916],[-111.492024,44.56081],[-111.469185,44.552044],[-111.467736,44.544521],[-111.471682,44.540824],[-111.500792,44.540062],[-111.518095,44.544177],[-111.524006,44.548385],[-111.546637,44.557099],[-111.556577,44.554495],[-111.562814,44.555209],[-111.585763,44.562843],[-111.591768,44.561502],[-111.601249,44.55421],[-111.614405,44.548991],[-111.681571,44.559864],[-111.704218,44.560205],[-111.709553,44.550206],[-111.715474,44.543543],[-111.737191,44.54306],[-111.746401,44.540766],[-111.758966,44.533766],[-111.761904,44.529841],[-111.806512,44.516264],[-111.807914,44.511716],[-111.821488,44.509286],[-111.842542,44.526069],[-111.849293,44.539837],[-111.870504,44.564033],[-111.887852,44.563413],[-111.903566,44.55723],[-111.947941,44.556776],[-111.951522,44.550062],[-111.980833,44.536682],[-111.995231,44.535444],[-112.01385,44.542348],[-112.032707,44.546642],[-112.035025,44.542691],[-112.034133,44.537716],[-112.036943,44.530323],[-112.053434,44.535089],[-112.069011,44.537104],[-112.093304,44.530002],[-112.096299,44.523212],[-112.101564,44.520847],[-112.106755,44.520829],[-112.125101,44.528527],[-112.129078,44.5363],[-112.136454,44.539911],[-112.164597,44.541666],[-112.179703,44.533021],[-112.183937,44.533067],[-112.221698,44.543519],[-112.229477,44.549494],[-112.226841,44.555239],[-112.230117,44.562759],[-112.242785,44.568091],[-112.258665,44.569516],[-112.286187,44.568472],[-112.307642,44.557651],[-112.312899,44.553536],[-112.315047,44.550049],[-112.315008,44.5419],[-112.319198,44.53911],[-112.348794,44.538691],[-112.35421,44.535638],[-112.358917,44.528847],[-112.3566,44.493127],[-112.358926,44.48628],[-112.368764,44.467153],[-112.387389,44.448058],[-112.435342,44.462216],[-112.460347,44.47571],[-112.473207,44.480027],[-112.50031,44.463051],[-112.511713,44.466445],[-112.512036,44.47042],[-112.518871,44.475784],[-112.541989,44.483971],[-112.550557,44.484928],[-112.573513,44.480983],[-112.584197,44.481368],[-112.601863,44.491015],[-112.660696,44.485756],[-112.664485,44.48645],[-112.671169,44.491265],[-112.707815,44.503023],[-112.71911,44.504344],[-112.735084,44.499159],[-112.749011,44.491233],[-112.781294,44.484888],[-112.797863,44.466112],[-112.828191,44.442472],[-112.836034,44.422653],[-112.821896,44.407436],[-112.812608,44.392275],[-112.81324,44.378103],[-112.820489,44.370946],[-112.844859,44.358221],[-112.855395,44.359975],[-112.881769,44.380315],[-112.886041,44.395874],[-112.915602,44.402699],[-112.951146,44.416699],[-112.981682,44.434279],[-113.003544,44.450814],[-113.020917,44.493827],[-113.018636,44.520064],[-113.019777,44.528505],[-113.032722,44.537137],[-113.04282,44.546757],[-113.042363,44.565237],[-113.061071,44.577329],[-113.083819,44.60222],[-113.07376,44.613928],[-113.065593,44.617391],[-113.05677,44.618657],[-113.053529,44.621187],[-113.049349,44.62938],[-113.051504,44.63695],[-113.065589,44.649371],[-113.068306,44.656374],[-113.07042,44.667844],[-113.067756,44.672807],[-113.06776,44.679474],[-113.081906,44.691392],[-113.098064,44.697477],[-113.101154,44.708578],[-113.102138,44.729027],[-113.116874,44.738104],[-113.134824,44.752763],[-113.137704,44.760109],[-113.131387,44.764738],[-113.131453,44.772837],[-113.140618,44.776698],[-113.158206,44.780847],[-113.163806,44.778921],[-113.179366,44.787142],[-113.183395,44.793565],[-113.19436,44.802151],[-113.209624,44.80907],[-113.238729,44.814144],[-113.247166,44.82295],[-113.278382,44.812706],[-113.29683,44.803358],[-113.301508,44.798985],[-113.341704,44.784853],[-113.354034,44.791745],[-113.354763,44.795468],[-113.346692,44.798898],[-113.3461,44.800611],[-113.356062,44.819798],[-113.377153,44.834858],[-113.383984,44.8374],[-113.422376,44.842595],[-113.455071,44.865424],[-113.474573,44.910846],[-113.491121,44.927548],[-113.498745,44.942314],[-113.494446,44.948597],[-113.480836,44.95031],[-113.474781,44.948795],[-113.467467,44.948061],[-113.448958,44.953544],[-113.443782,44.95989],[-113.444862,44.976141],[-113.447013,44.984637],[-113.446884,44.998545],[-113.437726,45.006967],[-113.449909,45.035167],[-113.44912,45.046098],[-113.45197,45.059247],[-113.460578,45.064879],[-113.465073,45.062755],[-113.47377,45.0617],[-113.485278,45.063519],[-113.520134,45.093033],[-113.510819,45.099902],[-113.506638,45.107288],[-113.513342,45.115225],[-113.538037,45.11503],[-113.546488,45.112285],[-113.554744,45.112901],[-113.57467,45.128411],[-113.594632,45.166034],[-113.589891,45.176986],[-113.599506,45.191114],[-113.636889,45.212983],[-113.647399,45.228282],[-113.650064,45.23471],[-113.657027,45.241436],[-113.665633,45.246265],[-113.674409,45.249411],[-113.678749,45.24927],[-113.684946,45.253706],[-113.692039,45.265191],[-113.691557,45.270912],[-113.688077,45.276407],[-113.689359,45.28355],[-113.735601,45.325265],[-113.738729,45.329741],[-113.7402,45.34559],[-113.73553,45.364738],[-113.73239,45.385058],[-113.733092,45.390173],[-113.734402,45.392353],[-113.750546,45.40272],[-113.760924,45.406501],[-113.765203,45.410601],[-113.768058,45.418147],[-113.763368,45.427732],[-113.764591,45.431403],[-113.783272,45.451839],[-113.78416,45.454946],[-113.759986,45.480735],[-113.766022,45.520621],[-113.778361,45.523415],[-113.796579,45.523462],[-113.802849,45.523159],[-113.809144,45.519908],[-113.834555,45.520729],[-113.819868,45.566326],[-113.804796,45.580358],[-113.803261,45.584193],[-113.802955,45.592631],[-113.806729,45.602146],[-113.823068,45.612486],[-113.861404,45.62366],[-113.886006,45.61702],[-113.904691,45.622007],[-113.902539,45.636945],[-113.898883,45.644167],[-113.900588,45.648259],[-113.903582,45.651165],[-113.919752,45.658536],[-113.930403,45.671878],[-113.93422,45.682232],[-113.971565,45.700636],[-113.986656,45.704564],[-114.015633,45.696127],[-114.019315,45.692937],[-114.020533,45.681223],[-114.02007,45.670332],[-114.013786,45.658238],[-114.014973,45.654008],[-114.018731,45.648616],[-114.033456,45.648629],[-114.067619,45.627706],[-114.08179,45.611329],[-114.083149,45.603996],[-114.0821,45.596958],[-114.086584,45.59118],[-114.100308,45.586354],[-114.122322,45.58426],[-114.131469,45.574444],[-114.132359,45.572531],[-114.128601,45.568996],[-114.129099,45.565491],[-114.135249,45.557465],[-114.154837,45.552916],[-114.180043,45.551432],[-114.18647,45.545539],[-114.192802,45.536596],[-114.203665,45.53557],[-114.227942,45.546423],[-114.248121,45.545877],[-114.251836,45.537812],[-114.248183,45.533226],[-114.247824,45.524283],[-114.261616,45.495816],[-114.270717,45.486116],[-114.279217,45.480616],[-114.333218,45.459316],[-114.345019,45.459916],[-114.360719,45.474116],[-114.36562,45.490416],[-114.36852,45.492716],[-114.388618,45.502903],[-114.415804,45.509753],[-114.438991,45.536076],[-114.450863,45.54253],[-114.456764,45.543983],[-114.460542,45.561283],[-114.473759,45.563278],[-114.498176,45.555473],[-114.506341,45.559216],[-114.517761,45.568129],[-114.526075,45.570771],[-114.549508,45.56059],[-114.559038,45.565706],[-114.558253,45.585104],[-114.553999,45.591279],[-114.538132,45.606834],[-114.544905,45.616673],[-114.553937,45.619299],[-114.563305,45.631612],[-114.563652,45.637412],[-114.561046,45.639906],[-114.53577,45.650613],[-114.529678,45.65232],[-114.522142,45.64934],[-114.507645,45.658949],[-114.499637,45.669035],[-114.495421,45.703321],[-114.497553,45.710677],[-114.504869,45.722176],[-114.535634,45.739095],[-114.566172,45.773864],[-114.562509,45.779927],[-114.555487,45.786249],[-114.544692,45.791447],[-114.512973,45.828825],[-114.51704,45.833148],[-114.517143,45.835993],[-114.514596,45.840785],[-114.509303,45.845531],[-114.498809,45.850676],[-114.470296,45.851343],[-114.455532,45.855012],[-114.44868,45.858891],[-114.422963,45.855381],[-114.409477,45.85164],[-114.388243,45.88234],[-114.387166,45.889164],[-114.395059,45.901458],[-114.404314,45.903497],[-114.413168,45.911479],[-114.431159,45.935737],[-114.431328,45.938023],[-114.427717,45.939625],[-114.423681,45.9441],[-114.415977,45.947891],[-114.411933,45.952358],[-114.404708,45.9559],[-114.402261,45.961489],[-114.403712,45.967049],[-114.409353,45.97141],[-114.411892,45.977883],[-114.419899,45.981106],[-114.425843,45.984984],[-114.470965,45.995742],[-114.47729,46.000802],[-114.477922,46.009025],[-114.473811,46.016614],[-114.480241,46.030325],[-114.485793,46.030022],[-114.490572,46.032427],[-114.493418,46.03717],[-114.494683,46.042546],[-114.492153,46.04729],[-114.468529,46.062484],[-114.461864,46.078571],[-114.460049,46.097104],[-114.474415,46.112515],[-114.488303,46.113106],[-114.5213,46.125287],[-114.527096,46.146218],[-114.514706,46.167726],[-114.489254,46.167684],[-114.478333,46.160876],[-114.472643,46.162202],[-114.457549,46.170231],[-114.445928,46.173933],[-114.443215,46.202943],[-114.445497,46.220227],[-114.449819,46.237119],[-114.451912,46.241253],[-114.468254,46.248796],[-114.470479,46.26732],[-114.465024,46.273127],[-114.453257,46.270939],[-114.441326,46.2738],[-114.43544,46.27661],[-114.427309,46.283624],[-114.425587,46.287899],[-114.433478,46.305502],[-114.431708,46.310744],[-114.413758,46.335945],[-114.410682,46.360673],[-114.411592,46.366688],[-114.422458,46.387097],[-114.408974,46.400438],[-114.384756,46.411784],[-114.376413,46.442983],[-114.379338,46.460166],[-114.383051,46.466402],[-114.394447,46.469549],[-114.400068,46.47718],[-114.403019,46.498675],[-114.400257,46.502143],[-114.395204,46.503148],[-114.385871,46.50437],[-114.375348,46.501855],[-114.35874,46.505306],[-114.351655,46.508119],[-114.342072,46.519679],[-114.349208,46.529514],[-114.348733,46.533792],[-114.34534,46.548444],[-114.339533,46.564039],[-114.33175,46.571914],[-114.331338,46.577781],[-114.333931,46.582732],[-114.334992,46.588154],[-114.333931,46.592162],[-114.322519,46.611066],[-114.322912,46.642938],[-114.320665,46.646963],[-114.32456,46.653579],[-114.332887,46.660756],[-114.360709,46.669059],[-114.394514,46.664846],[-114.403383,46.659633],[-114.410907,46.657466],[-114.424424,46.660648],[-114.453239,46.649266],[-114.45425,46.640974],[-114.466902,46.631695],[-114.486218,46.632829],[-114.498007,46.637655],[-114.547321,46.644485],[-114.561582,46.642043],[-114.583385,46.633227],[-114.593292,46.632848],[-114.615036,46.639733],[-114.616354,46.643646],[-114.611676,46.647704],[-114.614716,46.655256],[-114.621483,46.658143],[-114.635713,46.659375],[-114.642713,46.673145],[-114.641745,46.679286],[-114.631898,46.68397],[-114.623198,46.691511],[-114.620859,46.707415],[-114.626695,46.712889],[-114.632954,46.715495],[-114.649388,46.73289],[-114.696656,46.740572],[-114.699008,46.740223],[-114.710425,46.717704],[-114.713516,46.715138],[-114.727445,46.714604],[-114.740115,46.711771],[-114.747758,46.702649],[-114.749257,46.699688],[-114.751921,46.697207],[-114.76689,46.696901],[-114.787065,46.711255],[-114.788656,46.714033],[-114.779668,46.730411],[-114.773765,46.731805],[-114.76718,46.738828],[-114.765127,46.745383],[-114.765106,46.758153],[-114.79004,46.778729],[-114.808587,46.78235],[-114.818161,46.781139],[-114.829117,46.782503],[-114.835917,46.791111],[-114.844794,46.794305],[-114.856874,46.801633],[-114.860067,46.804988],[-114.861376,46.81196],[-114.864342,46.813858],[-114.880588,46.811791],[-114.888146,46.808573],[-114.897857,46.813184],[-114.904505,46.822851],[-114.920459,46.827697],[-114.927837,46.83599],[-114.92845,46.843242],[-114.92349,46.847594],[-114.928615,46.854815],[-114.940398,46.85605],[-114.947413,46.859324],[-114.943281,46.867971],[-114.938713,46.869021],[-114.931608,46.876799],[-114.931058,46.882108],[-114.936805,46.897378],[-114.935035,46.901749],[-114.927948,46.909948],[-114.927432,46.914185],[-114.929997,46.919625],[-114.960597,46.93001],[-114.986539,46.952099],[-115.00091,46.967703],[-115.001274,46.971901],[-115.028386,46.975659],[-115.028994,46.973159],[-115.031651,46.971548],[-115.047857,46.969533],[-115.049538,46.970774],[-115.057098,46.986758],[-115.066223,46.996375],[-115.071254,47.022083],[-115.087806,47.045519],[-115.098136,47.048897],[-115.102681,47.047239],[-115.107132,47.049041],[-115.120917,47.061237],[-115.136671,47.078276],[-115.139515,47.08456],[-115.140375,47.093013],[-115.170436,47.106265],[-115.172938,47.112881],[-115.189451,47.131032],[-115.200547,47.139154],[-115.223246,47.148974],[-115.243707,47.150347],[-115.255146,47.162876],[-115.255786,47.174725],[-115.261885,47.181742],[-115.286353,47.18327],[-115.300504,47.188139],[-115.300805,47.19393],[-115.295986,47.205658],[-115.29211,47.209861],[-115.294785,47.220914],[-115.298794,47.225245],[-115.307239,47.229892],[-115.311875,47.229673],[-115.317124,47.233305],[-115.324832,47.244841],[-115.326903,47.255912],[-115.339201,47.261623],[-115.3593,47.259461],[-115.36628,47.261485],[-115.371825,47.265213],[-115.410685,47.264228],[-115.421645,47.271736],[-115.423173,47.276222],[-115.428359,47.278722],[-115.443566,47.277309],[-115.457077,47.277794],[-115.470959,47.284873],[-115.487314,47.286518],[-115.51186,47.295219],[-115.526751,47.303219],[-115.531971,47.314121],[-115.548658,47.332213],[-115.551079,47.349856],[-115.556318,47.353076],[-115.564766,47.353476],[-115.570887,47.356375],[-115.578619,47.367007],[-115.609492,47.380799],[-115.617247,47.382521],[-115.639186,47.378605],[-115.644341,47.381826],[-115.648479,47.390293],[-115.657681,47.400651],[-115.69057,47.415059],[-115.71034,47.417784],[-115.718934,47.420967],[-115.72148,47.424469],[-115.728801,47.428925],[-115.731348,47.433381],[-115.728801,47.445159],[-115.718247,47.45316],[-115.69293,47.457237],[-115.671188,47.45439],[-115.663867,47.456936],[-115.654318,47.468077],[-115.653044,47.476035],[-115.655272,47.477944],[-115.686704,47.485596],[-115.694106,47.498634],[-115.708748,47.51264],[-115.71034,47.52951],[-115.717024,47.532693],[-115.741371,47.538645],[-115.747263,47.543197],[-115.748536,47.549245],[-115.746945,47.555293],[-115.734674,47.567401],[-115.721207,47.576323],[-115.706473,47.577299],[-115.689404,47.595402],[-115.694284,47.62346],[-115.708537,47.635356],[-115.715193,47.63634],[-115.72993,47.642442],[-115.73627,47.654762],[-115.726613,47.672093],[-115.72377,47.696671],[-115.730764,47.704426],[-115.752349,47.716743],[-115.758623,47.719041],[-115.763424,47.717313],[-115.77177,47.717412],[-115.776219,47.719818],[-115.783504,47.729305],[-115.780441,47.743447],[-115.797299,47.75752],[-115.803917,47.75848],[-115.824597,47.752154],[-115.831755,47.755785],[-115.835365,47.760957],[-115.835069,47.77006],[-115.837438,47.774846],[-115.84044,47.780172],[-115.847487,47.785227],[-115.848509,47.809331],[-115.845474,47.814967],[-115.852291,47.827991],[-115.870861,47.834939],[-115.875262,47.843272],[-115.881522,47.849672],[-115.900934,47.843064],[-115.906409,47.846261],[-115.919291,47.857406],[-115.939993,47.883153],[-115.959946,47.898142],[-115.965153,47.910131],[-115.969076,47.914256],[-115.982791,47.915994],[-115.993678,47.926183],[-115.995121,47.933827],[-115.998236,47.938779],[-116.007246,47.950087],[-116.030751,47.973349],[-116.03834,47.971318],[-116.04882,47.97716],[-116.049153,47.999923],[-116.048739,48.060093],[-116.04932,48.066644],[-116.049415,48.07722],[-116.048911,48.12493],[-116.049977,48.237604],[-116.049353,48.249936],[-116.049735,48.274668],[-116.048948,48.309847],[-116.050003,48.413492],[-116.049155,48.481247],[-116.049193,49.000912],[-116.00103,49.00127],[-115.990685,49.000909],[-115.501016,49.000694],[-115.207912,48.999228],[-114.375977,49.00139],[-114.250971,49.000905],[-114.224912,48.999687],[-114.201107,48.999249],[-114.180211,48.999703],[-114.059188,48.998856],[-113.907487,48.998858],[-113.864127,48.998276],[-113.692982,48.997632],[-113.576118,48.998478],[-113.375925,48.998562],[-113.356874,48.998224],[-113.19474,48.998909],[-113.116356,48.998462],[-112.143769,48.998917],[-112.003866,48.99857],[-112.000878,48.998921],[-111.761679,48.997614],[-111.500812,48.996963],[-111.003916,48.997537],[-110.592465,48.999012],[-110.531615,48.99839],[-110.438151,48.999188],[-109.500737,49.00044],[-109.454023,49.001132],[-109.437397,49.000631],[-109.384068,49.000374],[-109.285975,49.000479],[-109.250722,49.000011],[-109.000708,48.999234],[-107.704696,48.999872],[-107.441017,48.999363],[-107.363582,49.000019],[-106.050543,48.999207],[-105.612577,48.999703],[-104.875527,48.998991],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-104.0489,48.847387],[-104.047582,48.633984],[-104.048212,48.599055],[-104.047876,48.530798],[-104.047513,48.525913],[-104.048054,48.500025],[-104.047555,48.49414],[-104.046969,48.390675],[-104.046371,48.374154],[-104.046039,48.256761],[-104.045645,48.246179],[-104.044162,47.992836],[-104.041662,47.862282],[-104.043242,47.747106],[-104.043742,47.625016],[-104.044241,47.612288],[-104.043912,47.603229],[-104.044109,47.523595],[-104.045333,47.343452],[-104.045057,47.266868],[-104.045517,47.215666],[-104.044788,47.12743],[-104.045018,47.081202],[-104.045354,47.078574],[-104.045052,47.040863],[-104.045901,46.83079],[-104.045045,46.509788],[-104.046103,46.383916],[-104.045481,46.366871],[-104.045237,46.125002],[-104.045759,46.123946],[-104.046822,46.000199],[-104.04403,45.881975],[-104.042597,45.749998],[-104.041937,45.557915],[-104.041145,45.503367],[-104.041764,45.490789],[-104.040816,45.462708],[-104.040114,45.374214],[-104.039977,45.124988],[-104.039563,45.124039],[-104.040128,44.999987],[-104.039681,44.998041],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.250145,44.99822],[-104.665171,44.998618],[-104.72637,44.999518],[-104.759855,44.999066],[-105.038405,45.000345]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Montana\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe679ce4b0824b2d143703","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haj, Adel E. 0000-0002-3377-7161 ahaj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-7161","contributorId":175220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haj","given":"Adel E.","email":"ahaj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":650480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Regan, R. Steven 0000-0003-4803-8596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4803-8596","contributorId":87237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Steven","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Viger, Roland J. 0000-0003-2520-714X rviger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-714X","contributorId":1204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland J.","email":"rviger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70200351,"text":"70200351 - 2016 - Automatic delineation of seacliff limits using lidar-derived high-resolution DEMs in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-13T09:14:06","indexId":"70200351","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-10T14:57:03","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Automatic delineation of seacliff limits using lidar-derived high-resolution DEMs in southern California","docAbstract":"Seacliff erosion is a serious hazard with implications for coastal management and is often estimated using successive hand-digitized cliff tops or bases (toe) to assess cliff retreat. Even if efforts are made to standardize manual digitizing and eliminate subjectivity, the delineation of cliffs is time-consuming and depends on the analyst's interpretation. An automatic procedure is proposed to extract cliff edges from high-resolution lidar-derived bare-earth digital elevation models, generalized coastal shoreline vectors, and approximate measurements of distance between the shoreline and the cliff top. The method generates orthogonal transects and profiles with a minimum spacing equal to the digital elevation model resolution. The method also extracts the xyz coordinates for each profile for the cliff top and toe, as well as second major inflections along the profile. Over 75% of the automated cliff top points and 78% of the toe automated points are within 95% confidence interval of the hand-digitized top and toe lines, and over 79% of the digitized top points and 84% of the digitized toe points are within the 95% confidence interval of the automated top and toe lines along a stretch of coast in Del Mar, California. Outlier errors were caused by either the failure to remove all vegetation from the bare-earth digital elevation model or errors of interpretation. The automatic method was further applied between Point Conception and Los Angeles Harbor, California. This automatic method is repeatable, takes advantage of detailed topographic information within high-resolution digital elevation models, and is more efficient than hand-digitizing.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education & Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/SI76-014","usgsCitation":"Palaseanu-Lovejoy, M., Danielson, J.J., Thatcher, C.A., Foxgrover, A.C., Barnard, P., Brock, J., and Young, A., 2016, Automatic delineation of seacliff limits using lidar-derived high-resolution DEMs in southern California: Journal of Coastal Research, no. Special Issue 76, p. 162-173, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI76-014.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"162","endPage":"173","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.2112/SI76-014","text":"External Repository"},{"id":358353,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","issue":"Special Issue 76","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10ada1e4b034bf6a7e78e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica 0000-0002-3786-5118 mpal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-5118","contributorId":3639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palaseanu-Lovejoy","given":"Monica","email":"mpal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danielson, Jeffrey J. 0000-0003-0907-034X daniels@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-034X","contributorId":3996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danielson","given":"Jeffrey","email":"daniels@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thatcher, Cindy A. 0000-0003-0331-071X thatcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-071X","contributorId":2868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Cindy","email":"thatcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":748460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foxgrover, Amy C. 0000-0003-0638-5776 afoxgrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0638-5776","contributorId":3261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"Amy","email":"afoxgrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brock, John 0000-0002-5289-9332 jbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-9332","contributorId":2261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brock","given":"John","email":"jbrock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":748463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Young, Adam","contributorId":177578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":748464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70176601,"text":"sim3365 - 2016 - Water-level altitudes 2016 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973–2015 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T10:45:47","indexId":"sim3365","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-07T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3365","title":"Water-level altitudes 2016 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973–2015 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas","docAbstract":"Most of the land-surface subsidence in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas, has occurred as a direct result of groundwater withdrawals for municipal supply, commercial and industrial use, and irrigation that depressured and dewatered the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, thereby causing compaction of the aquifer sediments, mostly in the fine-grained silt and clay layers. This report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District, is one in an annual series of reports depicting water-level altitudes and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and measured cumulative compaction of subsurface sediments in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region. The report contains regional-scale maps depicting approximate 2016 water-level altitudes (represented by measurements made during December 2015–March 2016) for the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers; maps depicting 1-year (2015–16) water-level changes for each aquifer; maps depicting approximate contoured 5-year (2011–16) water-level changes for each aquifer; maps depicting approximate contoured long-term (1990–2016 and 1977–2016) water-level changes for the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers; a map depicting approximate contoured long-term (2000–16) water-level changes for the Jasper aquifer; a map depicting locations of borehole-extensometer sites; and graphs depicting measured long-term cumulative compaction of subsurface sediments at the extensometers during 1973–2015. Tables listing the water-level data used to construct each water-level map for each aquifer and the measured long-term cumulative compaction data for each extensometer site are included. Graphs depicting water-level measurement data also are included; these graphs can be used to approximate changes in effective stress caused by changes in groundwater withdrawal from the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers.
In 2016, water-level-altitude contours for the Chicot aquifer ranged from 200 feet (ft) below the vertical datum (North American Vertical Datum of 1988; hereinafter, datum) in a localized area in northwestern Harris County to 200 ft above datum in west-central Montgomery County. Water-level changes during 2015–16 in the Chicot aquifer ranged from a 39-ft decline to a 26-ft rise. Contoured 5-year and long-term changes in water-level altitudes of the Chicot aquifer ranged from a 30-ft decline to a 20-ft rise (2011–16), from a 140-ft decline to a 160-ft rise (1990–2016), and from a 120-ft decline to a 200-ft rise (1977–2016). In 2016, water-level-altitude contours for the Evangeline aquifer ranged from 250 ft below datum in three separate areas in south-central Montgomery County and extending into north-central Harris County, in west-central Harris County, and in southwestern Harris County to 200 ft above datum in southeastern Grimes and northwestern Montgomery Counties. Water-level changes during 2015–16 in the Evangeline aquifer ranged from a 65-ft decline to a 61-ft rise. Contoured 5-year and long-term changes in water-level altitudes of the Evangeline aquifer ranged from a 60-ft decline to a 40-ft rise (2011–16), from a 160-ft decline to a 160-ft rise (1990–2016), and from a 320-ft decline to a 240-ft rise (1977–2016). In 2016, water-level-altitude contours for the Jasper aquifer ranged from 200 ft below datum in south-central Montgomery County extending into north-central Harris County to 250 ft above datum in northwestern Montgomery County and extending into eastern Grimes County and southwestern Walker County. Water-level changes during 2015–16 in the Jasper aquifer ranged from a 38-ft decline to a 51-ft rise. Contoured 5-year and long-term changes in water-level altitudes of the Jasper aquifer ranged from a 60-ft decline to a 40-ft rise (2011–16) and from a 220-ft decline to a 20-ft decline (2000–16).
Compaction of subsurface sediments (mostly in the fine-grained silt and clay layers) in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers was recorded continuously by using 13 extensometers at 11 sites that were either activated or installed between 1973 and 1980. During the period of record beginning in 1973 (or later depending on activation or installation date) and ending in December 2015, measured cumulative compaction at the 13 extensometers ranged from 0.095 ft at the Texas City-Moses Lake extensometer to 3.666 ft at the Addicks extensometer. From January through December 2015, the Northeast, Southwest, Addicks, Johnson Space Center, and Clear Lake (deep) extensometers recorded net decreases in land-surface elevation, but the Lake Houston, East End, Texas City-Moses Lake, Baytown C–1 (shallow), Baytown C–2 (deep), Seabrook, Clear Lake (shallow), and Pasadena extensometers recorded net increases in land-surface elevation. For the 11 extensometer sites during the selected years 1988, 1998, 2008, 2012, and 2015, the smallest effective stress (20.12 pounds per square inch [psi]) was estimated at the Texas City-Moses Lake extensometer site and was produced by a measured water level of 46.42 ft below land-surface datum (blsd) in January 2008. The corresponding net compaction during 2007 at this site was 0.001 ft. The largest effective stress (174.86 psi) was estimated at the Addicks extensometer site and was produced by a measured water level of 403.38 ft blsd in January 1998. The corresponding net compaction at the Addicks site was 0.067 ft in 1997.
The 2011 drought caused water-level declines in the aquifers that were documented by the water-level-measurement data collected in January 2012. During the 2011 drought, the 13 extensometers recorded varying amounts of compaction that ranged from a net compaction value of 0.002 ft recorded by the Texas City-Moses Lake extensometer to a net compaction value of 0.192 ft recorded by the Pasadena extensometer. Water-level data for 1988, 1998, 2008, 2012, and 2015 and the corresponding net compaction values recorded by the extensometers for 1987, 1997, 2007, 2011, and 2014 were used to illustrate the cause and effect relations between changes in water level caused by groundwater withdrawals and resulting changes in effective stress. Changes in effective stress are related to changes in land-surface elevations caused by compaction of the fine-grained sediments composing the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers.
The rate of compaction varies from site to site because of differences in rates of groundwater withdrawal in the areas adjacent to each extensometer site; differences among sites in the ratios of sand, silt, and clay and their corresponding compressibilities; and previously established preconsolidation heads. It is not appropriate, therefore, to extrapolate or infer a rate of compaction for an adjacent area on the basis of the rate of compaction recorded by proximal extensometers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3365","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Kasmarek, M.C., Ramage, J.K., and Johnson, M.R., 2016, Water-level altitudes 2016 and water-level changes in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers and compaction 1973–2015 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, Houston-Galveston region, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3365, pamphlet, 16 sheets, scale 1:100,000, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3365.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 39 p.; 16 Sheets: 21.99 x 22.00 inches or smaller; Tables 1-5; Appendix 1; Datasets; Read Me","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-072338","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329386,"rank":7,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3365/ReadMe_2.txt","size":"2.46 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIM 3365"},{"id":329382,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3365/sheets","text":"Sheets 1-16","description":"SIM 3365"},{"id":329381,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3365/tables","text":"Tables 1-5","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIM 3365"},{"id":329375,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3365/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":329385,"rank":6,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3365/datasets","text":"Datasets (Revised May 2017)","description":"SIM 3365"},{"id":329377,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3365/appendix1","text":"Appendix 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3365"},{"id":329376,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3365/sim3365_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Report ","size":"5.32 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3365"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Galveston, Houston","otherGeospatial":"Chicot Aquifer, Evangeline Aquifer, Jasper Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.554345125748267\n ],\n [\n -94.52636718749999,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 30.29701788337205\n ],\n [\n -94.976806640625,\n 30.675715404167743\n ],\n [\n -95.07568359375,\n 30.829139422013956\n ],\n [\n -95.25970458984374,\n 30.954057859276126\n ],\n [\n -95.614013671875,\n 30.95876857077987\n ],\n [\n -96.064453125,\n 30.798474179567823\n ],\n [\n -96.2841796875,\n 30.64027517241868\n ],\n [\n -96.3446044921875,\n 30.462879341709886\n ],\n [\n -96.2237548828125,\n 30.073847754270204\n ],\n [\n -96.03149414062499,\n 29.410890376109\n ],\n [\n -95.82275390625,\n 29.080175989623203\n ],\n [\n -95.6304931640625,\n 28.9072060763367\n ],\n [\n -95.3558349609375,\n 28.8831596093235\n ],\n [\n -94.7515869140625,\n 29.291189838184863\n ],\n [\n -94.3505859375,\n 29.554345125748267\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754–4501
http://tx.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Department of the Interior has proposed to withdraw approximately 10 million acres of Federal lands from mineral entry (subject to valid existing rights) from 12 million acres of lands defined as Sagebrush Focal Areas (SFAs) in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Wyoming (for further discussion on the lands involved see Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5089–A). The purpose of the proposed action is to protect the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and its habitat from potential adverse effects of locatable mineral exploration and mining. The U.S. Geological Survey Sagebrush Mineral-Resource Assessment (SaMiRA) project was initiated in November 2015 and supported by the Bureau of Land Management to (1) assess locatable mineral-resource potential and (2) to describe leasable and salable mineral resources for the seven SFAs and Nevada additions.
This chapter summarizes the current status of locatable, leasable, and salable mineral commodities and assesses the potential of locatable minerals in the North-Central Montana SFA. The proposed withdrawal area that is evaluated in this report is located in north-central Montana, and includes parts of Fergus, Petroleum, Phillips, and Valley Counties.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineral resources of the Sagebrush Focal Areas of Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Wyoming (Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5089)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165089D","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Mauk, J.L., Zientek, M.L., Hearn, B.C., Jr., Parks, H.L., Jenkins, M.C., Anderson, E.D., Benson, M.E., Bleiwas, D.I., DeAngelo, J., Denning, P.D., Dicken, C.L., Drake, R.M., II, Fernette, G.L., Folger, H.W., Giles, S.A., Glen, J.M.G., Granitto, M., Haacke, J.E., Horton, J.D., Kelley, K.D., Ober, J.A., Rockwell, B.W., San Juan, C.A., Sangine, E.S., Schweitzer, P.N., Shaffer, B.N., Smith, S.M., Williams, C.F., and Yager, D.B., 2016, Geology and mineral resources of the North-Central Montana Sagebrush Focal Area: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5089–D, 104 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165089D.","productDescription":"Report: xvi, 104 p.; 12 Figures; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"124","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-075697","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328978,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig24_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 24 - Tabloid","size":"2.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 24 - Tabloid"},{"id":328982,"rank":12,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig29_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 29 - Tabloid","size":"5.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 29 - Tabloid"},{"id":328983,"rank":13,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig35_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 35 - Tabloid","size":"10.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 35 - Tabloid"},{"id":328979,"rank":9,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig26_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 26 - Tabloid","size":"4.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 26 - Tabloid"},{"id":328981,"rank":11,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig27_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 27 - Tabloid","size":"5.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 27 - Tabloid"},{"id":328980,"rank":10,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig25_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 25 - Tabloid","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 25 - Tabloid"},{"id":328973,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig04_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 4 - Tabloid","size":"7.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 4 - Tabloid"},{"id":328972,"rank":2,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig01_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 1 - Tabloid","size":"4.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 1 - Tabloid"},{"id":328974,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig10_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 10 - Tabloid","size":"4.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 10 - Tabloid"},{"id":328975,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig11_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 11 - Tabloid","size":"4.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 11 - Tabloid"},{"id":330635,"rank":16,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/coverthb1.jpg"},{"id":329031,"rank":14,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Appendix 2"},{"id":328977,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig21_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 21 - Tabloid","size":"791 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 21 - Tabloid"},{"id":328944,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d.pdf","text":"Report","size":"68.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D"},{"id":329032,"rank":15,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_appendix3.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Appendix 3"},{"id":328976,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/d/sir20165089d_fig13_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 13 - Tabloid","size":"4.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089 Chapter D Figure 13 - Tabloid"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.324951171875,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -109.324951171875,\n 48.4838455701099\n ],\n [\n -106.3641357421875,\n 48.4838455701099\n ],\n [\n -106.3641357421875,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -109.324951171875,\n 47\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information, Mineral Resources Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
913 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
http://minerals.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Department of the Interior has proposed to withdraw approximately 10 million acres of Federal lands from mineral entry (subject to valid existing rights) from 12 million acres of lands defined as Sagebrush Focal Areas (SFAs) in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Wyoming (for further discussion on the lands involved see Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5089–A). The purpose of the proposed action is to protect the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and its habitat from potential adverse effects of locatable mineral exploration and mining. The U.S. Geological Survey Sagebrush Mineral-Resource Assessment (SaMiRA) project was initiated in November 2015 and supported by the Bureau of Land Management to (1) assess locatable mineral-resource potential and (2) to describe leasable and salable mineral resources for the seven SFAs and Nevada additions.
This chapter summarizes the current status of locatable, leasable, and salable mineral commodities and assesses the potential of locatable minerals in the North-Central Idaho SFA, which extends from east-central to south-central Idaho. The geologically complex area is composed of many different rock units that locally contain potential mineral resources.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineral resources of the Sagebrush Focal Areas of Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Wyoming (Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5089)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165089C","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Lund, K., Zürcher, L., Hofstra, A.H., Van Gosen, B.S., Benson, M.E., Box, S.E., Anderson, E.D., Bleiwas, D.I., DeAngelo, J., Drake, R.M., II, Fernette, G.L., Giles, S.A., Glen, J.M.G., Haacke, J.E., Horton, J., John, D.M., Robinson, G.R., Jr.,\nRockwell, B.W., San Juan, C.A., Shaffer, B.N., Smith, S.M., and Williams, C.F., 2016, Geology and mineral resources of the North-Central Idaho Sagebrush Focal Area (ver. 1.1, October 27, 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5089 –C, 147 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165089C.","productDescription":"Report: xvii, 147 p.; 37 Figures; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"170","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330455,"rank":14,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig14_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 14 - Tabloid","size":"2.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 14 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330465,"rank":24,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig24_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 24 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 24 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330464,"rank":23,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig23_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 23 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 23 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330463,"rank":22,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig22_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 22 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 22 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330473,"rank":32,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig32_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 32 - Tabloid","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 32 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330474,"rank":33,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig33_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 33 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 33 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330454,"rank":13,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig13_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 13 - Tabloid","size":"2.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 13 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330472,"rank":31,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig31_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 31 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 31 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330471,"rank":30,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig30_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 30 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 30 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330458,"rank":17,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig17_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 17 - Tabloid","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 17 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330470,"rank":29,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig29_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 29 - Tabloid","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 29 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330461,"rank":20,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig20_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 20 - Tabloid","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 20 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330450,"rank":9,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig09_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 9 - Tabloid","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 9 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330449,"rank":8,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig08_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 8 - Tabloid","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 8 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330457,"rank":16,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig16_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 16 - Tabloid","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 16 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330456,"rank":15,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig15_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 15 - Tabloid","size":"1.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 15 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330453,"rank":12,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig12_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 12 - Tabloid","size":"1.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 12 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330476,"rank":35,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig35_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 35 - Tabloid","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 35 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330462,"rank":21,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig21_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 21 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 21 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330459,"rank":18,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig18_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 18 - Tabloid","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 18 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330448,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig07_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 7 - Tabloid","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 7 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330475,"rank":34,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig34_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 34 - Tabloid","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 34 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330452,"rank":11,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig11_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 11 - Tabloid","size":"1.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 11 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330480,"rank":39,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"65 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Appendix 2 XLSX"},{"id":330482,"rank":41,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/versionHist.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Version History"},{"id":330445,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig04_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 4 - Tabloid","size":"93 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 4 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330443,"rank":2,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig02_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 2 - Tabloid","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 2 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330444,"rank":3,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig03_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 3 - Tabloid","size":"3.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 3 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330446,"rank":5,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig05_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 5 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 5 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330466,"rank":25,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig25_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 25 - Tabloid","size":"1.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 25 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330467,"rank":26,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig26_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 26 - Tabloid","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 26 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330468,"rank":27,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig27_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 27 - Tabloid","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 27 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330469,"rank":28,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig28_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 28 - Tabloid","size":"1.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 28 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330442,"rank":1,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig01_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 1 - Tabloid","size":"2.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 1 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330477,"rank":36,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig36_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 36 - Tabloid","size":"2.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 36 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330478,"rank":37,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig37_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 37 - Tabloid","size":"2.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 37 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330460,"rank":19,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig19_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 19 - Tabloid","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 19 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330451,"rank":10,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig10_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 10 - Tabloid","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 10 tabloid PDF"},{"id":331025,"rank":42,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":330447,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_fig06_tabloid.pdf","text":"Figure 6 - Tabloid","size":"2.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Figure 6 tabloid PDF"},{"id":330481,"rank":40,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c_appendix3.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","size":"173 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Appendix 3 XLSX"},{"id":330479,"rank":38,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5089/c/sir20165089c.pdf","text":"Report","size":"47.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5089-C Report PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.5,\n 42.75\n ],\n [\n -115.5,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 45\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 42.75\n ],\n [\n -115.5,\n 42.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted October 4, 2016; Version 1.1: October 27, 2016","contact":"Contact Information, Mineral Resources Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
913 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
http://minerals.usgs.gov/
Compared to tropical corals, much less is known about deep-sea coral biology and ecology. Although the microbial communities of some deep-sea corals have been described, this is the first study to characterize the bacterial community associated with the deep-sea octocoral, Paramuricea placomus. Samples from five colonies of P. placomus were collected from Baltimore Canyon (379–382 m depth) in the Atlantic Ocean off the east coast of the United States of America. DNA was extracted from the coral samples and 16S rRNA gene amplicons were pyrosequenced using V4-V5 primers. Three samples sequenced deeply (>4,000 sequences each) and were further analyzed. The dominant microbial phylum was Proteobacteria, but other major phyla included Firmicutes and Planctomycetes. A conserved community of bacterial taxa held in common across the three P. placomuscolonies was identified, comprising 68–90% of the total bacterial community depending on the coral individual. The bacterial community of P. placomusdoes not appear to include the genus Endozoicomonas, which has been found previously to be the dominant bacterial associate in several temperate and tropical gorgonians. Inferred functionality suggests the possibility of nitrogen cycling by the core bacterial community.
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.2529","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, C.A., Ross, S., and Brooke, S.D., 2016, Bacterial community diversity of the deep-sea octocoral Paramuricea placomus: PeerJ, v. 4, e2529; 25 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2529.","productDescription":"e2529; 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-062732","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2529","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584144dfe4b04fc80e5073a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Christina A. 0000-0002-6492-9455 ckellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-9455","contributorId":391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Christina","email":"ckellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooke, Sandra D.","contributorId":167844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooke","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":24836,"text":"Coastal and Marine Laboratory, Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182256,"text":"70182256 - 2016 - The effect of restored and native oxbows on hydraulic loads of nutrients and stream water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T13:03:09","indexId":"70182256","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"The effect of restored and native oxbows on hydraulic loads of nutrients and stream water quality","docAbstract":"The use of oxbow wetlands has been identified as a potential strategy to reduce nutrient transport from agricultural drainage tiles to streams in Iowa. In 2013 and 2014, a study was conducted in north-central Iowa in a native oxbow in the Lyons Creek watershed and two restored oxbow wetlands in the Prairie Creek watershed (Smeltzer west and Smeltzer east) to assess their effectiveness at reducing nitrogen and phosphorus loads. The tile line inlets carrying agricultural runoff to the oxbows, the outfall from the oxbows, and the surface waters in the streams receiving the outfall water were monitored for discharge and nutrients from February 2013 to September 2015. Smeltzer west and east also had four monitoring wells each, two in the upland and two between the oxbow and Prairie Creek to monitor surface water-groundwater interaction. The Smeltzer west and east oxbow sites also were instrumented to continuously measure the nitrate concentration. Rainfall was measured at one Lyons Creek and one Smeltzer site. Daily mean nitrate-N concentrations in Lyons Creek in 2013 ranged from 11.8 mg/L to 40.9 mg/L, the median daily mean nitrate-N concentration was 33.0 mg/L. Daily mean nitrate-N concentrations in Prairie Creek in 2013 ranged from 0.07 mg/L in August to 32.2 mg/L in June. In 2014, daily mean nitrate-N concentrations in Prairie Creek ranged from 0.17 mg/L in April to 26.7 mg/L in July; the daily mean nitrate-N concentration for the sampled period was 9.78 mg/L. Nutrient load reduction occurred in oxbow wetlands in Lyons and Prairie Creek watersheds in north-central Iowa but efficiency of reduction was variable. Little nutrient reduction occurred in the native Lyons Creek oxbow during 2013. Concentrations of all nutrient constituents were not significantly (P>0.05, Wilcoxon rank sum) different in water discharging from the tile line than in water leaving the Lyons Creek oxbow. A combination of physical features and flow conditions suggest that the residence time of water in the oxbow may not have been sufficient to allow for removal of substantial amounts of nutrients. Approximately 54 percent less nitrate-N was measured leaving the Smeltzer west oxbow than was measured entering from a small 6-inch field tile. The efficiency of nitrate-N removal in the oxbow was not able to be definitively quantified as other hydrologic factors such as overland and groundwater flow into and through the oxbow were not addressed and may provide alternative routes for nutrient transport. Damage to the Smeltzer east oxbow outfall weir prevented analysis of its nutrient load reduction capability. The study provides important information to managers and land owners looking for strategies to reduce nutrient transport from fields. Additional research is needed to understand how increased discharge from larger field tiles and drainage district mains may influence the efficiency of nutrient reduction in relation to the size, type, and landscape setting of a wetland.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","collaboration":"U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ORD, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH","usgsCitation":"Kalkhoff, S.J., Hubbard, L.E., and P.Schubauer-Berigan, J., 2016, The effect of restored and native oxbows on hydraulic loads of nutrients and stream water quality, xii., 83 p. .","productDescription":"xii., 83 p. ","ipdsId":"IP-077913","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336108,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335923,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=P100PP42.txt"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa ","otherGeospatial":"Lyons Creek, Prairie Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.82083892822266,\n 42.47893393507777\n ],\n [\n -93.81895065307617,\n 42.47830090850463\n ],\n [\n -93.75577926635742,\n 42.47627518043613\n ],\n [\n -93.7114906311035,\n 42.49399807755323\n ],\n [\n -93.71011734008789,\n 42.52196471770537\n ],\n [\n -93.74221801757812,\n 42.522217752342236\n ],\n [\n -93.78650665283203,\n 42.52348291015486\n ],\n [\n -93.82650375366211,\n 42.51791602414797\n ],\n [\n -93.82083892822266,\n 42.47893393507777\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.18819427490234,\n 42.43980086209991\n ],\n [\n -94.21548843383789,\n 42.4417010906216\n ],\n [\n -94.22029495239258,\n 42.38441557693553\n ],\n [\n -94.19540405273438,\n 42.38504955243599\n ],\n [\n -94.14527893066406,\n 42.38555672822687\n ],\n [\n -94.14459228515624,\n 42.39988275145449\n ],\n [\n -94.15197372436523,\n 42.43904075455518\n ],\n [\n -94.18819427490234,\n 42.43980086209991\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b002c6e4b01ccd54fb27cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkhoff, Stephen J. 0000-0003-4110-1716 sjkalkho@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4110-1716","contributorId":1731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkhoff","given":"Stephen","email":"sjkalkho@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35680,"text":"Illinois-Iowa-Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubbard, Laura E. 0000-0003-3813-1500 lhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3813-1500","contributorId":4221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Laura","email":"lhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":670255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"P.Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph","contributorId":182023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"P.Schubauer-Berigan","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":670256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148486,"text":"70148486 - 2016 - Calcareous microfossil-based orbital cyclostratigraphy in the Arctic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T12:33:05","indexId":"70148486","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Calcareous microfossil-based orbital cyclostratigraphy in the Arctic Ocean","docAbstract":"Microfaunal and geochemical proxies from marine sediment records from central Arctic Ocean (CAO) submarine ridges suggest a close relationship over the last 550 thousand years (kyr) between orbital-scale climatic oscillations, sea-ice cover, marine biological productivity and other parameters. Multiple paleoclimate proxies record glacial to interglacial cycles. To understand the climate-cryosphere-productivity relationship, we examined the cyclostratigraphy of calcareous microfossils and constructed a composite Arctic Paleoclimate Index (API) \"stack\" from benthic foraminiferal and ostracode density from 14 sediment cores. Following the hypothesis that API is driven mainly by changes in sea-ice related productivity, the API stack shows the Arctic experienced a series of highly productive interglacials and interstadials every ∼20 kyr. These periods signify minimal ice shelf and sea-ice cover and maximum marine productivity. Rapid transitions in productivity are seen during shifts from interglacial to glacial climate states. Discrepancies between the Arctic API curves and various global climatic, sea-level and ice-volume curves suggest abrupt growth and decay of Arctic ice shelves related to climatic and sea level oscillations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon","publisherLocation":"Elmsford, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.07.004","usgsCitation":"Marzen, R., DeNinno, L.H., and Cronin, T.M., 2016, Calcareous microfossil-based orbital cyclostratigraphy in the Arctic Ocean: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 149, p. 109-121, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.07.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"121","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066062","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Arctic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -186.15234374999997,\n 71.91088787611527\n ],\n [\n -126.5625,\n 71.91088787611527\n ],\n [\n -126.5625,\n 82.96189798993062\n ],\n [\n -186.15234374999997,\n 82.96189798993062\n ],\n [\n -186.15234374999997,\n 71.91088787611527\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"149","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f7fe4b09da67997ecab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marzen, Rachel rmarzen@usgs.gov","contributorId":141094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marzen","given":"Rachel","email":"rmarzen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeNinno, Lauren H. ldeninno@usgs.gov","contributorId":5312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeNinno","given":"Lauren","email":"ldeninno@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70184980,"text":"70184980 - 2016 - Fragmented patterns of flood change across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-14T15:38:22","indexId":"70184980","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fragmented patterns of flood change across the United States","docAbstract":"Trends in the peak magnitude, frequency, duration, and volume of frequent floods (floods occurring at an average of two events per year relative to a base period) across the United States show large changes; however, few trends are found to be statistically significant. The multidimensional behavior of flood change across the United States can be described by four distinct groups, with streamgages experiencing (1) minimal change, (2) increasing frequency, (3) decreasing frequency, or (4) increases in all flood properties. Yet group membership shows only weak geographic cohesion. Lack of geographic cohesion is further demonstrated by weak correlations between the temporal patterns of flood change and large-scale climate indices. These findings reveal a complex, fragmented pattern of flood change that, therefore, clouds the ability to make meaningful generalizations about flood change across the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016GL070590","usgsCitation":"Archfield, S.A., Hirsch, R.M., Viglione, A., and Blöschl, G., 2016, Fragmented patterns of flood change across the United States: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 19, p. 10232-10239, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070590.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"10232","endPage":"10239","ipdsId":"IP-079542","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl070590","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"43","issue":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90125e4b0849ce97abcd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archfield, Stacey A. 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":1874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Viglione, A.","contributorId":189084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viglione","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blöschl, G.","contributorId":189085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blöschl","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70177855,"text":"70177855 - 2016 - Seismic imaging beneath an InSAR anomaly in eastern Washington State: Shallow faulting associated with an earthquake swarm in a low-hazard area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-25T10:05:35","indexId":"70177855","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic imaging beneath an InSAR anomaly in eastern Washington State: Shallow faulting associated with an earthquake swarm in a low-hazard area","docAbstract":"In 2001, a rare swarm of small, shallow earthquakes beneath the city of Spokane, Washington, caused ground shaking as well as audible booms over a five‐month period. Subsequent Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data analysis revealed an area of surface uplift in the vicinity of the earthquake swarm. To investigate the potential faults that may have caused both the earthquakes and the topographic uplift, we collected ∼3 km of high‐resolution seismic‐reflection profiles to image the upper‐source region of the swarm. The two profiles reveal a complex deformational pattern within Quaternary alluvial, fluvial, and flood deposits, underlain by Tertiary basalts and basin sediments. At least 100 m of arching on a basalt surface in the upper 500 m is interpreted from both the seismic profiles and magnetic modeling. Two west‐dipping faults deform Quaternary sediments and project to the surface near the location of the Spokane fault defined from modeling of the InSAR data.
","language":"English","publisher":" Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120150295","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, W.J., Odum, J., Wicks, C.W., Pratt, T.L., and Blakely, R.J., 2016, Seismic imaging beneath an InSAR anomaly in eastern Washington State: Shallow faulting associated with an earthquake swarm in a low-hazard area: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 106, no. 4, p. 1461-1469, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150295.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1461","endPage":"1469","ipdsId":"IP-074071","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330355,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","volume":"106","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58106f98e4b0f497e7961115","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Odum, Jackson K. 0000-0003-4697-2430 odum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-2430","contributorId":1365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"Jackson K.","email":"odum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wicks, Charles W. Jr. 0000-0002-0809-1328 cwicks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-1328","contributorId":127701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"Charles","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cwicks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178430,"text":"70178430 - 2016 - Geology, selected geophysics, and hydrogeology of the White River and parts of the Great Salt Lake Desert regional groundwater flow systems, Utah and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T11:49:02","indexId":"70178430","displayToPublicDate":"2016-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geology, selected geophysics, and hydrogeology of the White River and parts of the Great Salt Lake Desert regional groundwater flow systems, Utah and Nevada","docAbstract":"The east-central Great Basin near the Utah-Nevada border contains two great \ngroundwater flow systems. The first, the White River regional groundwater \nflow system, consists of a string of hydraulically connected hydrographic basins \nin Nevada spanning about 270 miles from north to south. The northernmost \nbasin is Long Valley and the southernmost basin is the Black Mountain area, a \nvalley bordering the Colorado River. The general regional groundwater flow \ndirection is north to south. The second flow system, the Great Salt Lake Desert \nregional groundwater flow system, consists of hydrographic basins that straddle\nthe Utah-Nevada border, with a length of about 150 miles from north to south. \nThe general regional groundwater flow direction is from south to north towards \nthe Great Salt Lake Desert.\n\nFor 15 years with support from the Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), \nhydrologists, geologists, and geophysicists studied the basin connections and \nthe groundwater resources in these and adjacent flow systems over an area of \nabout 25,000 square miles. A major first part of the SNWA study was \nconstructing a 3-dimensional digital hydrogeologic framework based on \ngeologic maps and cross sections at 1:250,000 scale. This framework \ndocuments the presence of three major aquifers: (1) Paleozoic carbonate \nrocks, (2) Eocene to Miocene volcanic rocks, and (3) Miocene to Holocene \nbasin-fill sediments, as well as confining units that constrain flow. We \ninterpret that movement of most groundwater through and across basins is by \nfracture-dominated flow along faults/fractures, yet in most places flow is \nprevented or retarded across faults, so mapping structures gives a first \napproximation to conduits and barriers to flow.\n\nThe most important structures by far are high-angle normal faults of the \nbasin-range episode of east-west extensional deformation. This event \nbegan at about 20 Ma, although most deformation and the formation of the \npresent topography took place between 10 Ma and present. This topography \nconsists of north-trending basins (mostly grabens) that alternate with north-\ntrending ranges (mostly horsts); erosion of the ranges filled the basins with \nclastic alluvial basin-fill deposits.\n\nGeophysics provides data on the third dimension (cross sections) of the \nhydrogeologic framework. Audiomagnetotelluric profiles and gravity \ninversion located faults and enabled us to estimate thicknesses of basin-fill \ndeposits. To this framework, hydrologic studies addressed precipitation, \nsurface water, and springs, as well as groundwater levels, volumes, \ngeochemistry, water budgets, and monitoring. At nearly the same time as \nour study, the Utah Geological Survey (UGS) and U.S. Geological Survey \n(USGS) addressed the same issues in many of the same areas, and publication \nof the efforts by all three agencies reveals a surprising similarity of conclusions, \nwith some critical exceptions, which therefore demonstrates the great value of \nmany scientists independently studying the same complex scientific problem. \nThe differences in conclusions include directions and volumes of some ground-\nwater flow paths, such as one proposed by the USGS of unlikely groundwater \nflow from Steptoe Valley to southern Snake Valley, and another proposed by the \nUGS of unlikely significant groundwater recharge flow from the Snake Range to \nthe Fish Springs complex.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Resources and Geo- logy of Utah's West Desert","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geologic Association","usgsCitation":"Rowley, P.D., Dixon, G.L., Watrus, J.M., Burns, A.G., Mankinen, E.A., McKee, E.H., Pari, K.T., Ekren, E.B., and Patrick, W.G., 2016, Geology, selected geophysics, and hydrogeology of the White River and parts of the Great Salt Lake Desert regional groundwater flow systems, Utah and Nevada, chap. of Resources and Geo- logy of Utah's West Desert, v. 45, p. 167-200.","productDescription":"34 p. ","startPage":"167","endPage":"200","ipdsId":"IP-073283","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339955,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339954,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.mapstore.utah.gov/uga45.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-111.046551,41.251716],[-111.046723,40.997959],[-110.750727,40.996847],[-110.715026,40.996347],[-110.539819,40.996346],[-110.500718,40.994746],[-110.375714,40.994947],[-110.250709,40.996089],[-110.237848,40.995427],[-110.125709,40.99655],[-110.121639,40.997101],[-110.048476,40.997555],[-110.006495,40.997815],[-110.000708,40.997352],[-109.999838,40.99733],[-109.97553,40.997912],[-109.855299,40.997614],[-109.854302,40.997661],[-109.715409,40.998191],[-109.713877,40.998266],[-109.676421,40.998395],[-109.534926,40.998143],[-109.500694,40.999127],[-109.250735,41.001009],[-109.231985,41.002059],[-109.173682,41.000859],[-109.050076,41.000659],[-109.048455,40.826081],[-109.049088,40.714562],[-109.048373,40.662602],[-109.048249,40.653601],[-109.048044,40.619231],[-109.050074,40.540358],[-109.049955,40.539901],[-109.050698,40.499963],[-109.050314,40.495092],[-109.050946,40.444368],[-109.050969,40.222662],[-109.050973,40.180849],[-109.050944,40.180712],[-109.050813,40.059579],[-109.050873,40.058915],[-109.050615,39.87497],[-109.05104,39.660472],[-109.051363,39.497674],[-109.050765,39.366677],[-109.051512,39.126095],[-109.052436,38.999985],[-109.053292,38.942878],[-109.053233,38.942467],[-109.053797,38.905284],[-109.053943,38.904414],[-109.054189,38.874984],[-109.057388,38.795456],[-109.059541,38.719888],[-109.060253,38.599328],[-109.059962,38.499987],[-109.060062,38.275489],[-109.054648,38.244921],[-109.041762,38.16469],[-109.041837,38.153022],[-109.04282,37.999301],[-109.042819,37.997068],[-109.043121,37.97426],[-109.041058,37.907236],[-109.041653,37.88117],[-109.041844,37.872788],[-109.041723,37.842051],[-109.041754,37.835826],[-109.041461,37.800105],[-109.042098,37.74999],[-109.041636,37.74021],[-109.04176,37.713182],[-109.041732,37.711214],[-109.042269,37.666067],[-109.042089,37.623795],[-109.042131,37.617662],[-109.041806,37.604171],[-109.041865,37.530726],[-109.041915,37.530653],[-109.043137,37.499992],[-109.043464,37.484711],[-109.04581,37.374993],[-109.046039,37.249993],[-109.045584,37.249351],[-109.045487,37.210844],[-109.045978,37.201831],[-109.045995,37.177279],[-109.045156,37.112064],[-109.045203,37.111958],[-109.045173,37.109464],[-109.045189,37.096271],[-109.044995,37.086429],[-109.045058,37.074661],[-109.045166,37.072742],[-109.045223,36.999084],[-109.181196,36.999271],[-109.233848,36.999266],[-109.246917,36.999346],[-109.26339,36.999263],[-109.268213,36.999242],[-109.270097,36.999266],[-109.378039,36.999135],[-109.381226,36.999148],[-109.495338,36.999105],[-109.625668,36.998308],[-109.875673,36.998504],[-110.000677,36.997968],[-110.000876,36.998502],[-110.021778,36.998602],[-110.47019,36.997997],[-110.490908,37.003566],[-110.50069,37.00426],[-110.599512,37.003448],[-110.625605,37.003416],[-110.62569,37.003721],[-110.75069,37.003197],[-111.066496,37.002389],[-111.133718,37.000779],[-111.254853,37.001077],[-111.278286,37.000465],[-111.405517,37.001497],[-111.405869,37.001481],[-111.412784,37.001478],[-112.35769,37.001025],[-112.368946,37.001125],[-112.534545,37.000684],[-112.538593,37.000674],[-112.540368,37.000669],[-112.545094,37.000734],[-112.558974,37.000692],[-112.609787,37.000753],[-112.899366,37.000319],[-112.966471,37.000219],[-113.965907,36.999976],[-113.965907,37.000025],[-114.0506,37.000396],[-114.051749,37.088434],[-114.051822,37.090976],[-114.052827,37.103961],[-114.051867,37.134292],[-114.052179,37.14711],[-114.051673,37.172368],[-114.051405,37.233854],[-114.051974,37.283848],[-114.051974,37.284511],[-114.0518,37.293044],[-114.0518,37.293548],[-114.051927,37.370459],[-114.051927,37.370734],[-114.051765,37.418083],[-114.052448,37.43144],[-114.052701,37.492014],[-114.052685,37.502513],[-114.052718,37.517264],[-114.052689,37.517859],[-114.052962,37.592783],[-114.052472,37.604776],[-114.051728,37.745997],[-114.051785,37.746249],[-114.05167,37.746958],[-114.051109,37.756276],[-114.049919,37.765586],[-114.048473,37.809861],[-114.049677,37.823645],[-114.049928,37.852508],[-114.049658,37.881368],[-114.050423,37.999961],[-114.049903,38.148601],[-114.050138,38.24996],[-114.049417,38.2647],[-114.05012,38.404536],[-114.050091,38.404673],[-114.050485,38.499955],[-114.049834,38.543784],[-114.049862,38.547764],[-114.050154,38.57292],[-114.049883,38.677365],[-114.049749,38.72921],[-114.049168,38.749951],[-114.049465,38.874949],[-114.048521,38.876197],[-114.048054,38.878693],[-114.049104,39.005509],[-114.047079,39.499943],[-114.047728,39.542742],[-114.047273,39.759413],[-114.047783,39.79416],[-114.047214,39.821024],[-114.047134,39.906037],[-114.046555,39.996899],[-114.046835,40.030131],[-114.046386,40.097896],[-114.046741,40.104231],[-114.046683,40.116931],[-114.046153,40.231971],[-114.046178,40.398313],[-114.045826,40.424823],[-114.045218,40.430282],[-114.045518,40.494474],[-114.045577,40.495801],[-114.045281,40.506586],[-114.043505,40.726292],[-114.043831,40.758666],[-114.043803,40.759205],[-114.043176,40.771675],[-114.042145,40.999926],[-114.041447,41.207752],[-114.042553,41.210923],[-114.041396,41.219958],[-114.040231,41.49169],[-114.040942,41.499921],[-114.040437,41.615377],[-114.039968,41.62492],[-114.039901,41.753781],[-114.041152,41.850595],[-114.041107,41.850573],[-114.039648,41.884816],[-114.041723,41.99372],[-113.993903,41.992698],[-113.893261,41.988057],[-113.822163,41.988479],[-113.796082,41.989104],[-113.76453,41.989459],[-113.500837,41.992799],[-113.496548,41.993305],[-113.431563,41.993799],[-113.40223,41.994161],[-113.396497,41.99425],[-113.357611,41.993859],[-113.340072,41.994747],[-113.250829,41.99561],[-113.249159,41.996203],[-113.000821,41.998223],[-113.00082,41.998223],[-112.979218,41.998263],[-112.909587,41.998791],[-112.882367,41.998922],[-112.880619,41.998921],[-112.833125,41.999345],[-112.833084,41.999305],[-112.788542,41.999681],[-112.709375,42.000309],[-112.648019,42.000307],[-112.450814,42.000953],[-112.450567,42.001092],[-112.38617,42.001126],[-112.264936,42.000991],[-112.239107,42.001217],[-112.192976,42.001167],[-112.173352,41.996568],[-112.163956,41.996708],[-112.109532,41.997598],[-112.01218,41.99835],[-111.915837,41.998519],[-111.915622,41.998496],[-111.876491,41.998528],[-111.750778,41.99933],[-111.507264,41.999518],[-111.471381,41.999739],[-111.425535,42.00084],[-111.420898,42.000793],[-111.415873,42.000748],[-111.046689,42.001567],[-111.045818,41.579845],[-111.045789,41.565571],[-111.046264,41.377731],[-111.0466,41.360692],[-111.046551,41.251716]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Utah\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"45","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877b8e4b0b7ea54521c18","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Comer, John B.","contributorId":147613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692018,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Inkenbrandt, Paul C.","contributorId":191156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Inkenbrandt","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692019,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krahulec, K.A.","contributorId":42429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krahulec","given":"K.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692020,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pinnell, Michael L.","contributorId":191157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinnell","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692021,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Rowley, Peter D.","contributorId":27435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowley","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dixon, Gary L.","contributorId":23571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Watrus, James M.","contributorId":184152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watrus","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Andrews G.","contributorId":184154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"Andrews","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":673665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pari, Keith T.","contributorId":184155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pari","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ekren, E. Bartlett","contributorId":47644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ekren","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bartlett","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Patrick, William G.","contributorId":184151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Patrick","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70176610,"text":"ofr20161170 - 2016 - Preliminary geologic mapping of Cretaceous and Tertiary formations in the eastern part of the Little Snake River coal field, Carbon County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-30T14:14:25","indexId":"ofr20161170","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-30T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1170","title":"Preliminary geologic mapping of Cretaceous and Tertiary formations in the eastern part of the Little Snake River coal field, Carbon County, Wyoming","docAbstract":"In the 1970s and 1980s, C.S. Venable Barclay conducted geologic mapping of areas primarily underlain by Cretaceous coals in the eastern part of the Little Snake River coal field (LSR) in Carbon County, southwest Wyoming. With some exceptions, most of the mapping data were never published. Subsequently, after his retirement from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), his field maps and field notebooks were archived in the USGS Field Records. Due to a pending USGS coal assessment of the Little Snake River coal field area and planned geological mapping to be conducted by the Wyoming State Geological Survey, Barclay’s mapping data needed to be published to support these efforts. Subsequently, geologic maps were scanned and georeferenced into a geographic information system, and project and field notes were scanned into Portable Document Format (PDF) files. Data for seventeen 7½-minute quadrangles are presented in this report. This publication is solely intended to compile the mapping data as it was last worked on by Barclay and provides no interpretation or modification of his work.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161170","usgsCitation":"Haacke, J.E., Barclay, C.S.V., and Hettinger, R.D., 2016, Preliminary geologic mapping of Cretaceous and Tertiary formations in the eastern part of the Little Snake River coal field, Carbon County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1170, 9 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161170.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 9 p.; Field Notes; Metadata; Read Me; Spatial Data","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-070800","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329139,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1170/ofr20161170_Field Notes.zip","text":"Field Notes","size":"444 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2016-1170 Field Notes"},{"id":329143,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1170/ofr20161170_Readme.txt","text":"Read Me","size":"8.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2016-1170 Read Me"},{"id":329138,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1170/ofr20161170.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.73 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1170"},{"id":329137,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1170/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":329142,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1170/ofr20161170_Metadata.zip","text":"Metadata","size":"32.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2016-1170 Metadata"},{"id":329141,"rank":4,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1170/ofr20161170_GIS.zip","text":"Spatial Data","size":"2.45 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2016-1170 Spatial Data"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Carbon County","otherGeospatial":"Little Snake River Coal Field","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-106.0749,42.4325],[-106.0747,42.4179],[-106.0745,42.4038],[-106.0747,42.3748],[-106.0756,42.3189],[-106.076,42.3039],[-106.0752,42.2893],[-106.0756,42.2748],[-106.0753,42.2612],[-106.0734,42.1735],[-106.0738,42.1135],[-106.0744,41.9581],[-106.0748,41.9436],[-106.0746,41.9291],[-106.075,41.915],[-106.0741,41.9005],[-106.0739,41.8859],[-106.0743,41.8714],[-106.0747,41.8569],[-106.0745,41.8423],[-106.0743,41.8278],[-106.0735,41.8119],[-106.0745,41.7974],[-106.0747,41.7683],[-106.0745,41.7538],[-106.0728,41.6593],[-106.072,41.6407],[-106.0718,41.6257],[-106.071,41.5676],[-106.0708,41.3951],[-106.0977,41.3955],[-106.1155,41.3953],[-106.3243,41.3936],[-106.3251,41.2851],[-106.3241,41.2252],[-106.3237,41.2162],[-106.3233,41.1785],[-106.3227,41.1036],[-106.3227,41.075],[-106.3223,41.0446],[-106.3215,41.001],[-106.3257,41.0023],[-106.3263,41.0025],[-106.3318,41.0025],[-106.3519,41.0025],[-106.3793,41.0026],[-106.4481,41.0035],[-106.456,41.0035],[-106.4864,41.0033],[-106.5436,41.0038],[-106.5723,41.0038],[-106.582,41.0037],[-106.5911,41.0035],[-106.8639,41.0041],[-107.0021,41.0044],[-107.0259,41.0043],[-107.1355,41.0037],[-107.2299,41.0035],[-107.306,41.0034],[-107.3181,41.0035],[-107.3437,41.0033],[-107.3674,41.0032],[-107.3948,41.003],[-107.4137,41.0029],[-107.4575,41.0027],[-107.4947,41.0026],[-107.5093,41.0026],[-107.5136,41.0026],[-107.5288,41.0026],[-107.6049,41.0028],[-107.6767,41.0028],[-107.7078,41.0028],[-107.7845,41.0028],[-107.8131,41.0028],[-107.8206,41.0028],[-107.8326,41.0028],[-107.8391,41.0028],[-107.8521,41.0029],[-107.8801,41.0029],[-107.888,41.0029],[-107.9154,41.0029],[-107.9176,41.2244],[-107.9168,41.3996],[-107.9308,41.3996],[-107.9308,41.4123],[-107.9314,41.4272],[-107.9314,41.4418],[-107.932,41.4567],[-107.9326,41.4713],[-107.9326,41.4862],[-107.9326,41.5017],[-107.9326,41.5162],[-107.9319,41.5312],[-107.9319,41.5457],[-107.9319,41.5607],[-107.9319,41.572],[-107.9319,41.587],[-107.9319,41.6015],[-107.9318,41.6161],[-107.9318,41.631],[-107.9318,41.6456],[-107.9318,41.6592],[-107.9128,41.6592],[-107.8931,41.6592],[-107.874,41.6591],[-107.8544,41.6591],[-107.8353,41.6591],[-107.8169,41.6591],[-107.7991,41.659],[-107.78,41.659],[-107.7604,41.659],[-107.7407,41.659],[-107.721,41.6589],[-107.702,41.6589],[-107.6799,41.6588],[-107.6608,41.6588],[-107.6418,41.6582],[-107.6221,41.6582],[-107.6037,41.6581],[-107.5858,41.6581],[-107.5668,41.658],[-107.5477,41.6575],[-107.5287,41.6574],[-107.509,41.6574],[-107.5004,41.6573],[-107.501,41.6691],[-107.5008,41.6837],[-107.5007,41.6986],[-107.5013,41.7132],[-107.5012,41.7277],[-107.5011,41.74],[-107.501,41.7549],[-107.5009,41.7695],[-107.5007,41.7849],[-107.5,41.7994],[-107.4999,41.814],[-107.4998,41.8285],[-107.4997,41.8435],[-107.4996,41.858],[-107.4995,41.873],[-107.4994,41.8871],[-107.4999,41.9021],[-107.4998,41.9148],[-107.4997,41.9275],[-107.5002,41.942],[-107.5001,41.957],[-107.5,41.9715],[-107.5005,41.9861],[-107.5005,41.9992],[-107.5003,42.0147],[-107.5002,42.0288],[-107.5001,42.0437],[-107.5,42.0583],[-107.4999,42.0737],[-107.4998,42.0878],[-107.5221,42.0883],[-107.5196,42.1742],[-107.5195,42.1887],[-107.521,42.2459],[-107.5209,42.2596],[-107.5208,42.2741],[-107.5209,42.3473],[-107.5208,42.3618],[-107.5206,42.3904],[-107.5211,42.4054],[-107.5209,42.4336],[-107.4426,42.4342],[-107.4234,42.4341],[-107.4041,42.4345],[-107.3873,42.4344],[-107.3457,42.4346],[-107.3084,42.4349],[-107.2885,42.4343],[-107.1916,42.4347],[-107.173,42.4346],[-107.0934,42.4345],[-107.0742,42.4343],[-106.9704,42.4331],[-106.9574,42.433],[-106.9455,42.4334],[-106.9412,42.4333],[-106.9387,42.4333],[-106.8747,42.4323],[-106.8642,42.4322],[-106.8492,42.4321],[-106.8362,42.4324],[-106.8219,42.4328],[-106.7958,42.4325],[-106.7834,42.4324],[-106.738,42.4324],[-106.7169,42.4322],[-106.7076,42.4317],[-106.6864,42.4315],[-106.6187,42.4312],[-106.6088,42.4311],[-106.6007,42.4315],[-106.592,42.4314],[-106.5336,42.4312],[-106.5137,42.431],[-106.4814,42.4306],[-106.474,42.4305],[-106.4435,42.4306],[-106.4323,42.4305],[-106.3658,42.431],[-106.3546,42.4309],[-106.3434,42.4312],[-106.3235,42.4314],[-106.2651,42.4315],[-106.2471,42.4317],[-106.239,42.4321],[-106.1464,42.4326],[-106.1265,42.4328],[-106.1228,42.4323],[-106.1054,42.4325],[-106.0749,42.4325]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Carbon\",\"state\":\"WY\"}}]}","contact":"Center Director, USGS Central Energy Resources Science Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 939
Denver, CO 80225
In the spring of 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District, began working on a gravity survey in the Yucaipa area to explore the three-dimensional shape of the sedimentary fill (alluvial deposits) and the surface of the underlying crystalline basement rocks. As water use has increased in pace with rapid urbanization, water managers have need for better information about the subsurface geometry and the boundaries of groundwater subbasins in the Yucaipa area. The large density contrast between alluvial deposits and the crystalline basement complex permits using modeling of gravity data to estimate the thickness of alluvial deposits. The bottom of the alluvial deposits is considered to be the top of crystalline basement rocks. The gravity data, integrated with geologic information from surface outcrops and 51 subsurface borings (15 of which penetrated basement rock), indicated a complex basin configuration where steep slopes coincide with mapped faults―such as the Crafton Hills Fault and the eastern section of the Banning Fault―and concealed ridges separate hydrologically defined subbasins.
Gravity measurements and well logs were the primary data sets used to define the thickness and structure of the groundwater basin. Gravity measurements were collected at 256 new locations along profiles that totaled approximately 104.6 km (65 mi) in length; these data supplemented previously collected gravity measurements. Gravity data were reduced to isostatic anomalies and separated into an anomaly field representing the valley fill. The ‘valley-fill-deposits gravity anomaly’ was converted to thickness by using an assumed, depth-varying density contrast between the alluvial deposits and the underlying bedrock.
To help visualize the basin geometry, an animation of the elevation of the top of the basement-rocks was prepared. The animation “flies over” the Yucaipa groundwater basin, viewing the land surface, geology, faults, and ridges and valleys of the shaded-relief elevation of the top of the basement complex.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161127","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District","usgsCitation":"Mendez, G.O., Langenheim, V.E., Morita, Andrew, and Danskin, W.R., 2016, Geologic structure of the Yucaipa area inferred from gravity data, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1127, 22 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161127.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 23 p.; Video Animation","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077241","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329070,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1127/ofr20161127.pdf","text":"Report","size":"34 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1127"},{"id":329071,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1127/ofr20161127_gravity.mp4","text":"Video animation","size":"47.3 MB mp4","description":"OFR 2016-1127 Video Animation","linkHelpText":"Land surface, geology, faults, wells, and elevation of the basement rocks in the Yucaipa area, California."},{"id":329069,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1127/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County, Riverside County","otherGeospatial":"Yucaipa Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.15888977050781,\n 33.96842016198477\n ],\n [\n -117.15888977050781,\n 34.08962997133382\n ],\n [\n -116.97212219238281,\n 34.08962997133382\n ],\n [\n -116.97212219238281,\n 33.96842016198477\n ],\n [\n -117.15888977050781,\n 33.96842016198477\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
Current range expansions of large terrestrial carnivores are occurring following human-induced range contraction. Contractions are often incomplete, leaving small remnant groups in refugia throughout the former range. Little is known about the underlying ecological and evolutionary processes that influence how remnant groups are affected during range expansion. We used data from a spatially explicit, long-term genetic sampling effort of grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem (NCDE), USA, to identify the demographic processes underlying spatial and temporal patterns of genetic diversity. We conducted parentage analysis to evaluate how reproductive success and dispersal contribute to spatio-temporal patterns of genetic diversity in remnant groups of grizzly bears existing in the southwestern (SW), southeastern (SE) and east-central (EC) regions of the NCDE. A few reproductively dominant individuals and local inbreeding caused low genetic diversity in peripheral regions that may have persisted for multiple generations before eroding rapidly (approx. one generation) during population expansion. Our results highlight that individual-level genetic and reproductive dynamics play critical roles during genetic assimilation, and show that spatial patterns of genetic diversity on the leading edge of an expansion may result from historical demographic patterns that are highly ephemeral.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2016.1467","usgsCitation":"Mikle, N., Graves, T.A., Kovach, R.P., Kendall, K.C., and Macleod, A., 2016, Demographic mechanisms underpinning genetic assimilation of remnant groups of a large carnivore: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 283, no. 1839, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1467.","ipdsId":"IP-072646","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470553,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1467","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":334686,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335575,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7Q81B63","text":"Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) genetic profiles (1998-2012)"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem","volume":"283","issue":"1839","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4c0e4b0fa1e59bc1e02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mikle, Nathaniel 0000-0002-6529-8210 nmikle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-8210","contributorId":177026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikle","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nmikle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graves, Tabitha A. 0000-0001-5145-2400 tgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-2400","contributorId":5898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Tabitha","email":"tgraves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kovach, Ryan P. rkovach@usgs.gov","contributorId":5772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovach","given":"Ryan","email":"rkovach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":662477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, Katherine C. 0000-0002-4831-2287 kkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-2287","contributorId":3081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Katherine","email":"kkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Macleod, Amy C.","contributorId":65739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macleod","given":"Amy C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70182813,"text":"70182813 - 2016 - Geoelectric hazard maps for the continental United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-13T14:44:19.319025","indexId":"70182813","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geoelectric hazard maps for the continental United States","docAbstract":"In support of a multiagency project for assessing induction hazards, we present maps of extreme-value geoelectric amplitudes over about half of the continental United States. These maps are constructed using a parameterization of induction: estimates of Earth surface impedance, obtained at discrete geographic sites from magnetotelluric survey data, are convolved with latitude-dependent statistical maps of extreme-value geomagnetic activity, obtained from decades of magnetic observatory data. Geoelectric amplitudes are estimated for geomagnetic waveforms having 240 s sinusoidal period and amplitudes over 10 min that exceed a once-per-century threshold. As a result of the combination of geographic differences in geomagnetic activity and Earth surface impedance, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes span more than 2 orders of magnitude and are an intricate function of location. For north-south induction, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes across large parts of the United States have a median value of 0.26 V/km; for east-west geomagnetic variation the median value is 0.23 V/km. At some locations, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes exceed 3 V/km.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2016GL070469","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., Pulkkinen, A., Bedrosian, P.A., Jonas, S., Kelbert, A., Rigler, E., Finn, C., Balch, C., Rutledge, R., Waggel, R., Sabata, A., Kozyra, J., and Black, C., 2016, Geoelectric hazard maps for the continental United States: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 18, p. 9415-9424, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070469.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"9415","endPage":"9424","ipdsId":"IP-079237","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016gl070469","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336739,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba6e4b01ccd5500bb05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pulkkinen, Antti","contributorId":145703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pulkkinen","given":"Antti","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jonas, Seth","contributorId":187438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jonas","given":"Seth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelbert, Anna 0000-0003-4395-398X akelbert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4395-398X","contributorId":184053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelbert","given":"Anna","email":"akelbert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rigler, Erin (Josh) 0000-0003-4850-3953 erigler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-3953","contributorId":156385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigler","given":"Erin (Josh)","email":"erigler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Finn, Carol 0000-0003-3144-1645","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3144-1645","contributorId":13201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Balch, Christopher","contributorId":156386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balch","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":20337,"text":"NOAA Space Weather Prediciton Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rutledge, Robert","contributorId":184245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutledge","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Waggel, Richard","contributorId":184246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waggel","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sabata, Andrew","contributorId":184247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabata","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kozyra, Janet","contributorId":184248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kozyra","given":"Janet","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Black, Carrie","contributorId":184249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Black","given":"Carrie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70176351,"text":"sir20165128 - 2016 - Aquatic biological communities and associated habitats at selected sites in the Big Wood River Watershed, south-central Idaho, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-29T09:07:57","indexId":"sir20165128","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5128","title":"Aquatic biological communities and associated habitats at selected sites in the Big Wood River Watershed, south-central Idaho, 2014","docAbstract":"Assessments of streamflow (discharge) parameters, water quality, physical habitat, and biological communities were completed between May and September 2014 as part of a monitoring program in the Big Wood River watershed of south-central Idaho. The sampling was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Blaine County, Trout Unlimited, the Nature Conservancy, and the Wood River Land Trust to help identify the status of aquatic resources at selected locations in the watershed. Information in this report provides a basis with which to evaluate and monitor the long-term health of the Big Wood River and its major tributaries. Sampling sites were co-located with existing U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging stations: three on the main stem Big Wood River and four on the North Fork Big Wood River (North Fork), Warm Springs Creek (Warm Sp), Trail Creek (Trail Ck), and East Fork Big Wood River (East Fork) tributaries.
The analytical results and quality-assurance information for water quality, physical habitat, and biological community samples collected at study sites during 2 weeks in September 2014 are summarized. Water-quality data include concentrations of major nutrients, suspended sediment, dissolved oxygen, and fecal-coliform bacteria. To assess the potential effects of nutrient enrichment on algal growth, concentrations of periphyton biomass (chlorophyll-a and ash free dry weight) in riffle habitats were determined at each site. Physical habitat parameters include stream channel morphology, habitat volume, instream structure, substrate composition, and riparian vegetative cover. Biological data include taxa richness, abundance, and stream-health indicator metrics for macroinvertebrate and fish communities. Statistical summaries of the water-quality, habitat, and biological data are provided along with discussion of how these findings relate to the health of aquatic resources in the Big Wood River watershed.
Seasonal discharge patterns using statistical summaries of daily discharge from selected sites are reported for water years 2012–15. Results showed that annual average daily mean discharge increased from the Big Wood River near Ketchum, ID (BW Ketchum) downstream to the Big Wood River at Hailey, ID (BW Hailey), but decreased by nearly 50 percent from BW Hailey downstream to Big Wood River at Stanton Crossing near Bellevue, ID (BW Stanton). Annual variability in daily mean discharge among main-stem sites was highest at BW Stanton, suggesting that this part of the river may be subject to some level of flow alteration.
Hydrologic alterations resulting in flow reduction can contribute to higher water temperature, especially during the summer months when conditions are often most stressful to fish and other stream organisms. Daily water temperature and water temperature trends from June to September 2014 are reported for select tributary and main-stem sites on the Big Wood River and can be used to assess the potential for biological impairment based on aquatic life temperature criteria for cold-water streams. The State of Idaho maximum temperature criteria for protection of cold-water aquatic life of 22 °C was exceeded at Warm Sp and BW Stanton during summer 2014, but at none of the other main-stem or tributary sites. The 13 °C critical temperature criterion for salmonid spawning was exceeded in early July 2014 at BW Ketchum and BW Hailey near the end of the rainbow trout critical spawning and rearing period. Temperature exceedances were most frequent at BW Stanton, where exceedances for rainbow trout and brown trout occurred from May through early July 2014 during most of the critical spawning and rearing period.
Water quality and habitat availability did not seem to be limiting for fish or other aquatic organisms at most sites in the Big Wood River watershed. Water quality assessments in September 2014 determined no exceedances of total maximum daily load target levels. The availability and quality of habitat was limited at BW Stanton, where shallow-water habitat conditions prevailed.
Macroinvertebrate community diversity was high at all sites except for BW Stanton, where low community diversity was attributed to low species richness and high abundances of a few tolerant taxa. Presence of low species diversity and high macroinvertebrate tolerance values at BW Stanton indicates that benthic community condition and stream health were reduced at that location.
Fish surveys done in September 2014 did not indicate any significant reductions in native fish communities in the Big Wood River or its tributaries. Native rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Wood River sculpin (Cottus leiopomus) were the dominant fish species in the drainage and were found at all tributary and main-stem sites. Non-native brown (Salmo trutta) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were limited to lower drainage sites on the Big Wood River (BW Hailey and BW Stanton), and occurred in relatively low numbers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165128","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Blaine County, Trout Unlimited, The Nature Conservancy, and the Wood River Land Trust","usgsCitation":"MacCoy, D.E., and Short, T.M., 2016, Aquatic biological communities and associated habitats at selected sites in the Big Wood River watershed, south-central Idaho, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5128, 37 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165128.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-061251","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329075,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5128/sir20165128.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5128"},{"id":329074,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5128/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Big Wood River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.58465576171875,\n 43.2622061978402\n ],\n [\n -114.58465576171875,\n 43.81471121600004\n ],\n [\n -114.01473999023438,\n 43.81471121600004\n ],\n [\n -114.01473999023438,\n 43.2622061978402\n ],\n [\n -114.58465576171875,\n 43.2622061978402\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702
http://id.water.usgs.gov
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Professional Paper 1794–D is the fourth in a four-volume series on the status and trends of the Nation’s land use and land cover, providing an assessment of the rates and causes of land-use and land-cover change in the Eastern United States between 1973 and 2000. Volumes A, B, and C provide similar analyses for the Western United States, the Great Plains of the United States, and the Midwest–South Central United States, respectively. The assessments of land-use and land-cover trends are conducted on an ecoregion-by-ecoregion basis, and each ecoregion assessment is guided by a nationally consistent study design that includes mapping, statistical methods, field studies, and analysis. Individual assessments provide a picture of the characteristics of land change occurring in a given ecoregion; in combination, they provide a framework for understanding the complex national mosaic of change and also the causes and consequences of change. Thus, each volume in this series provides a regional assessment of how (and how fast) land use and land cover are changing, and why. The four volumes together form the first comprehensive picture of land change across the Nation.
Geographic understanding of land-use and land-cover change is directly relevant to a wide variety of stakeholders, including land and resource managers, policymakers, and scientists. The chapters in this volume present brief summaries of the patterns and rates of land change observed in each ecoregion in the Eastern United States, together with field photographs, statistics, and comparisons with other assessments. In addition, a synthesis chapter summarizes the scope of land change observed across the entire Eastern United States. The studies provide a way of integrating information across the landscape, and they form a critical component in the efforts to understand how land use and land cover affect important issues such as the provision of ecological goods and services and also the determination of risks to, and vulnerabilities of, human communities. Results from this project also are published in peer-reviewed journals, and they are further used to produce maps of change and other tools for land management, as well as to provide inputs for carbon-cycle modeling and other climate change research.
This report is only one of the products produced by USGS on land-use and land-cover change in the United States. Other reports and land-cover statistics are available online at http://landcovertrends.usgs.gov.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Status and trends of land change in the United States--1973 to 2000 (Professional Paper 1794)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1794D","usgsCitation":"Sayler, K.L., Acevedo, W., and Taylor, J.L., eds., 2016, Status and trends of land change in the Eastern United States—1973 to 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1794–D, 195 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/pp1794D.","productDescription":"vi, 195 p.","numberOfPages":"206","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329045,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1794A","text":"Professional Paper 1794-A","linkHelpText":"Status and trends of land change in the Western United States—1973 to 2000"},{"id":329046,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1794B","text":"Professional Paper 1794-B","linkHelpText":"Status and trends of land change in the Great Plains of the United States—1973 to 2000"},{"id":329047,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1794C","text":"Professional Paper 1794-C","linkHelpText":"Status and Trends of Land Change in the Midwest–South Central United States—1973 to 2000"},{"id":329044,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1794","text":"Professional Paper 1794","linkHelpText":"This publication is Volume D in Status and trends of land change in the United States—1973 to 2000"},{"id":329042,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1794/d/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":329043,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1794/d/pp1794d.pdf","text":"Report","size":"55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 2016-1794 Chapter D"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-75.867044,36.550754],[-75.773329,36.231529],[-75.536428,35.780118],[-75.723662,36.003139],[-75.85147,36.415785],[-75.899908,36.482124],[-76.019261,36.503506],[-76.012337,36.447462],[-75.923601,36.425788],[-75.793974,36.07171],[-75.922344,36.244122],[-75.96462,36.254433],[-75.904999,36.164188],[-76.184702,36.298166],[-76.064224,36.143775],[-76.178946,36.123424],[-76.273316,36.189062],[-76.191715,36.107197],[-76.447812,36.192514],[-76.298733,36.1012],[-76.514335,36.00564],[-76.676484,36.043612],[-76.721445,36.147838],[-76.693253,36.278357],[-76.7521,36.147328],[-76.667547,35.933509],[-76.398242,35.984317],[-76.362966,35.942197],[-76.176585,35.993267],[-76.024162,35.970891],[-76.04015,35.65131],[-75.947293,35.959835],[-75.80935,35.959308],[-75.71294,35.69849],[-75.775328,35.579335],[-75.895045,35.573152],[-76.149655,35.326411],[-76.485762,35.371375],[-76.586349,35.508957],[-76.476706,35.511707],[-76.471207,35.55742],[-76.634468,35.510332],[-76.580187,35.387113],[-77.023912,35.514802],[-76.967214,35.438296],[-76.467776,35.276951],[-76.60042,35.067867],[-76.801426,34.964369],[-76.982904,35.060607],[-76.977404,35.004926],[-76.762931,34.920374],[-76.502623,35.007166],[-76.463468,35.076411],[-76.395625,34.975179],[-76.326361,34.976245],[-76.364367,35.034853],[-76.288354,35.005726],[-76.277698,34.940014],[-76.524712,34.681964],[-76.586236,34.698805],[-76.604796,34.787482],[-76.616567,34.714059],[-76.673619,34.71491],[-76.523303,34.652271],[-76.038648,35.065045],[-76.386804,34.784579],[-76.535946,34.588577],[-76.549343,34.645585],[-76.726969,34.69669],[-77.169701,34.622023],[-77.740136,34.272546],[-77.970606,33.844517],[-78.276147,33.912364],[-78.772737,33.768511],[-79.084588,33.483669],[-79.18787,33.173712],[-79.329909,33.089986],[-79.359961,33.006672],[-79.55756,33.021269],[-79.617611,32.952726],[-79.576006,32.906235],[-79.866742,32.757422],[-79.884961,32.684402],[-79.999374,32.611851],[-80.332438,32.478104],[-80.472068,32.496964],[-80.455192,32.326458],[-80.858735,32.099581],[-80.905378,32.051943],[-80.84313,32.024226],[-80.862814,31.969346],[-80.972392,31.94127],[-80.934508,31.90918],[-80.99269,31.857641],[-81.065255,31.877095],[-81.068116,31.768735],[-81.203572,31.719448],[-81.131137,31.695774],[-81.133493,31.623348],[-81.173079,31.555908],[-81.260076,31.54828],[-81.177254,31.517074],[-81.278798,31.367214],[-81.288403,31.211065],[-81.493651,30.977528],[-81.403409,30.957914],[-81.460061,30.769912],[-81.447087,30.503679],[-81.163581,29.55529],[-80.525094,28.459454],[-80.606874,28.336484],[-80.566432,28.09563],[-80.031362,26.796339],[-80.154972,25.66549],[-80.172765,25.737847],[-80.240376,25.724206],[-80.339421,25.499427],[-80.31036,25.3731],[-80.418872,25.235532],[-80.669236,25.137837],[-80.858167,25.176576],[-81.079859,25.118797],[-81.141024,25.163868],[-81.170953,25.244898],[-81.117265,25.354953],[-81.346078,25.721473],[-81.352731,25.822015],[-81.527665,25.901531],[-81.6848,25.847205],[-81.868983,26.378648],[-82.024604,26.512677],[-82.105672,26.48393],[-82.181565,26.681712],[-82.093023,26.665614],[-82.063126,26.950214],[-82.175241,26.916867],[-82.147068,26.789803],[-82.232193,26.78288],[-82.259867,26.717398],[-82.743017,27.531086],[-82.65072,27.523115],[-82.393383,27.837519],[-82.478063,27.92768],[-82.47244,27.822559],[-82.553946,27.848462],[-82.553918,27.966998],[-82.678606,27.993715],[-82.720395,27.937199],[-82.566819,27.858002],[-82.733076,27.612972],[-82.746223,27.731306],[-82.846526,27.854301],[-82.782724,28.055894],[-82.805097,28.172181],[-82.654138,28.590837],[-82.730245,28.850155],[-82.688864,28.905609],[-82.816925,29.076215],[-82.804736,29.146624],[-82.991653,29.180664],[-83.053207,29.130839],[-83.077265,29.255331],[-83.169576,29.290355],[-83.218075,29.420492],[-83.400252,29.517242],[-83.414701,29.670536],[-83.537645,29.72306],[-83.679219,29.918513],[-84.000716,30.096209],[-84.256439,30.103791],[-84.358923,30.058224],[-84.349066,29.896812],[-84.511996,29.916574],[-84.888031,29.722406],[-84.90413,29.786279],[-84.993264,29.714961],[-85.344768,29.654793],[-85.413575,29.85294],[-85.353885,29.684765],[-85.302591,29.808094],[-85.405052,29.938487],[-85.9226,30.238024],[-86.2987,30.363049],[-86.750906,30.391881],[-88.028401,30.221132],[-87.755263,30.277292],[-87.906343,30.40938],[-87.919346,30.63606],[-88.008396,30.684956],[-88.061998,30.644891],[-88.136173,30.320729],[-88.341345,30.38947],[-88.480117,30.318345],[-88.728893,30.342671],[-88.841328,30.409598],[-89.291444,30.303296],[-89.335942,30.374016],[-89.322545,30.314896],[-89.44791,30.185352],[-89.570154,30.180297],[-89.68341,30.451793],[-89.851889,30.661199],[-89.732504,31.004831],[-91.636942,30.999416],[-91.559907,31.054119],[-91.654027,31.255753],[-91.515614,31.27821],[-91.576265,31.410498],[-91.47887,31.364955],[-91.522536,31.522078],[-91.405415,31.576466],[-91.515462,31.630372],[-91.401015,31.620365],[-91.371804,31.742948],[-91.263406,31.754468],[-91.365529,31.761628],[-91.345714,31.842861],[-91.255611,31.812662],[-91.18481,31.965557],[-91.075908,32.016828],[-91.16031,32.070354],[-91.082308,32.047555],[-91.004106,32.146152],[-91.050207,32.178451],[-91.053175,32.124237],[-91.162822,32.132694],[-91.164171,32.196888],[-90.988672,32.215812],[-90.980747,32.29141],[-90.875631,32.372434],[-90.993625,32.354047],[-90.96856,32.438084],[-91.116008,32.48314],[-91.093741,32.549128],[-90.987831,32.49419],[-91.080398,32.556442],[-91.014286,32.640482],[-91.118641,32.585139],[-91.153556,32.626181],[-91.054749,32.719229],[-91.165328,32.751301],[-91.064449,32.901064],[-91.086802,32.976266],[-91.134414,32.980533],[-91.15169,32.901935],[-91.213972,32.927198],[-91.120379,33.05453],[-91.20178,33.125121],[-91.089862,33.139655],[-91.045191,33.265404],[-91.106142,33.241799],[-91.143667,33.328398],[-91.057621,33.445341],[-91.154017,33.378914],[-91.20922,33.40629],[-91.125109,33.472842],[-91.167403,33.498304],[-91.235181,33.438972],[-91.182901,33.502379],[-91.231418,33.560593],[-91.130445,33.606034],[-91.227857,33.683073],[-91.034565,33.673018],[-91.146618,33.732456],[-91.133854,33.782814],[-90.988466,33.78453],[-91.073011,33.857449],[-91.010318,33.929352],[-91.087921,33.975335],[-90.967632,33.963324],[-90.987948,34.019038],[-90.89242,34.02686],[-90.870528,34.080516],[-90.9543,34.138498],[-90.810884,34.155903],[-90.929015,34.244541],[-90.847808,34.20653],[-90.828267,34.27365],[-90.743082,34.302257],[-90.762085,34.364754],[-90.683222,34.368817],[-90.669343,34.31302],[-90.571145,34.420319],[-90.540736,34.548085],[-90.588536,34.668646],[-90.549856,34.695478],[-90.532188,34.627487],[-90.466041,34.674312],[-90.568172,34.727384],[-90.522892,34.802265],[-90.518317,34.73279],[-90.452479,34.739898],[-90.479872,34.883264],[-90.414864,34.831846],[-90.307384,34.846195],[-90.244725,34.921031],[-90.295596,35.040093],[-90.209397,35.026546],[-90.165328,35.125228],[-90.066591,35.13599],[-90.117393,35.18789],[-90.07875,35.227806],[-90.168794,35.279088],[-90.074992,35.384152],[-90.130475,35.413745],[-90.166246,35.374745],[-90.169002,35.421853],[-90.085009,35.478835],[-90.044856,35.392964],[-90.039744,35.548041],[-89.9154,35.515119],[-89.956749,35.590511],[-89.851825,35.644262],[-89.931036,35.660044],[-89.956254,35.733386],[-89.706085,35.81826],[-89.772467,35.865098],[-89.741241,35.906749],[-89.64727,35.89492],[-89.733095,36.000608],[-89.592206,36.15012],[-89.705545,36.238136],[-89.534745,36.252576],[-89.619242,36.320726],[-89.509722,36.373626],[-89.563185,36.568749],[-89.480893,36.569771],[-89.464153,36.457189],[-89.365548,36.625059],[-89.236542,36.566824],[-89.15908,36.666352],[-89.199798,36.734217],[-89.119198,36.759802],[-89.178888,36.831368],[-89.098843,36.95785],[-89.173595,37.011409],[-89.168087,37.074218],[-88.966831,37.229891],[-88.458948,37.073796],[-88.424776,37.149901],[-88.515939,37.284043],[-88.476592,37.386875],[-88.064234,37.484548],[-88.159372,37.661847],[-88.02803,37.799224],[-87.90681,37.807624],[-87.941021,37.879168],[-87.904789,37.924892],[-87.830578,37.876516],[-87.67573,37.90193],[-87.635806,37.827015],[-87.585916,37.975442],[-87.511499,37.906426],[-87.380247,37.935596],[-87.111133,37.782512],[-87.033444,37.906593],[-86.820071,37.999392],[-86.73146,37.89434],[-86.647081,37.908621],[-86.638265,37.842718],[-86.588581,37.921159],[-86.507831,37.928829],[-86.521825,38.038327],[-86.430091,38.078638],[-86.463248,38.119278],[-86.323453,38.139032],[-86.360377,38.198796],[-86.271802,38.137874],[-86.261273,38.052721],[-86.042354,37.958018],[-85.925418,38.023456],[-85.829364,38.276769],[-85.683561,38.295469],[-85.607629,38.439295],[-85.423077,38.531581],[-85.434065,38.729455],[-85.275454,38.741172],[-85.172528,38.688082],[-84.990006,38.778383],[-84.814641,38.784488],[-84.785234,38.880439],[-84.877029,38.909016],[-84.829857,38.969385],[-84.897364,39.057378],[-84.820157,39.10548],[-84.806082,41.696089],[-83.453832,41.732647],[-82.934369,41.514353],[-82.834101,41.587587],[-82.499099,41.381541],[-82.011966,41.515639],[-81.738755,41.48855],[-81.288892,41.758945],[-80.329976,42.036168],[-79.148723,42.553672],[-79.04886,42.689158],[-78.851355,42.791758],[-78.918859,42.946857],[-79.074467,43.077855],[-79.070469,43.262454],[-78.370221,43.376505],[-77.760231,43.341161],[-77.551022,43.235763],[-76.958402,43.270005],[-76.69836,43.344436],[-76.417581,43.521285],[-76.235834,43.529256],[-76.205436,43.718751],[-76.28272,43.858601],[-76.125023,43.912773],[-76.360306,44.070907],[-76.312647,44.199044],[-75.912985,44.368084],[-75.413885,44.76889],[-74.992756,44.977449],[-74.826578,45.01585],[-71.502487,45.013367],[-71.39781,45.203553],[-71.443882,45.235462],[-71.296509,45.29919],[-71.13943,45.242958],[-71.01081,45.34725],[-70.84443,45.234513],[-70.795009,45.428145],[-70.634661,45.383608],[-70.723167,45.507606],[-70.688214,45.563981],[-70.400404,45.719834],[-70.417641,45.79377],[-70.259117,45.890755],[-70.240177,45.943729],[-70.31628,45.963113],[-70.317629,46.01908],[-70.237947,46.147378],[-70.292736,46.191599],[-70.191412,46.348072],[-70.057061,46.415036],[-69.997086,46.69523],[-69.22442,47.459686],[-69.043947,47.427634],[-69.050334,47.256621],[-68.902425,47.178839],[-68.578551,47.287551],[-68.378678,47.287561],[-68.329879,47.36023],[-68.15515,47.32542],[-67.955669,47.199542],[-67.789461,47.062544],[-67.750422,45.917898],[-67.803318,45.883718],[-67.755068,45.82367],[-67.817892,45.693705],[-67.429716,45.583773],[-67.416416,45.503515],[-67.503088,45.489688],[-67.418747,45.37726],[-67.489464,45.282653],[-67.345585,45.126392],[-67.283619,45.192022],[-67.157919,45.161004],[-66.950569,44.814539],[-67.293403,44.599265],[-67.308538,44.707454],[-67.376742,44.681852],[-67.405492,44.594236],[-67.551133,44.621938],[-67.568159,44.531117],[-67.733986,44.496252],[-67.839896,44.558771],[-67.855108,44.419434],[-68.010719,44.407464],[-68.049334,44.33073],[-68.117746,44.475038],[-68.261708,44.484062],[-68.299063,44.437893],[-68.173608,44.328397],[-68.317588,44.225101],[-68.430946,44.298624],[-68.3791,44.430049],[-68.427874,44.3968],[-68.455095,44.447498],[-68.466109,44.377245],[-68.485415,44.434326],[-68.565161,44.39907],[-68.525302,44.227554],[-68.733004,44.328388],[-68.827197,44.31216],[-68.783679,44.473879],[-68.927452,44.448039],[-68.990767,44.415033],[-68.954465,44.32405],[-69.100863,44.104529],[-69.031878,44.079036],[-69.214205,43.935583],[-69.398455,43.971804],[-69.50329,43.837673],[-69.543912,43.881615],[-69.653337,43.79103],[-69.705838,43.823024],[-69.838689,43.70514],[-69.884066,43.778035],[-70.041351,43.738053],[-70.009869,43.859315],[-70.190014,43.771866],[-70.254144,43.676839],[-70.196911,43.565146],[-70.361214,43.52919],[-70.349684,43.442032],[-70.553854,43.321886],[-70.638355,43.114182],[-70.810069,42.909549],[-70.778671,42.693622],[-70.689402,42.653319],[-70.630077,42.692699],[-70.594014,42.63503],[-70.871382,42.546404],[-70.835991,42.490496],[-70.934993,42.457896],[-70.901992,42.420297],[-70.96047,42.446166],[-70.953022,42.343973],[-71.01568,42.326019],[-70.98909,42.267449],[-70.882764,42.30886],[-70.722269,42.207959],[-70.63848,42.081579],[-70.710034,41.999544],[-70.552941,41.929641],[-70.54103,41.815754],[-70.471552,41.761563],[-70.259205,41.713954],[-70.024734,41.787364],[-70.000188,41.886938],[-70.044995,41.930049],[-70.064084,41.878924],[-70.095595,42.032832],[-70.245385,42.063733],[-70.058531,42.040363],[-69.935952,41.809422],[-69.998071,41.54365],[-70.007011,41.671579],[-70.351634,41.634687],[-70.948431,41.409193],[-70.658659,41.543385],[-70.623652,41.707398],[-70.718739,41.73574],[-70.85222,41.589223],[-70.929722,41.609479],[-70.931545,41.540169],[-71.19302,41.457931],[-71.240709,41.619225],[-71.24071,41.474872],[-71.337695,41.448902],[-71.275234,41.619444],[-71.19564,41.67509],[-71.224798,41.710498],[-71.299159,41.649531],[-71.291217,41.702666],[-71.350057,41.727835],[-71.37791,41.666646],[-71.449318,41.687401],[-71.40377,41.589321],[-71.447712,41.5804],[-71.418404,41.472652],[-71.483295,41.371722],[-72.546833,41.250718],[-72.895445,41.243697],[-72.916827,41.282033],[-73.111052,41.150797],[-73.643478,41.002171],[-73.81281,40.846737],[-73.781369,40.794907],[-73.730675,40.8654],[-73.485365,40.946397],[-73.229285,40.905121],[-73.110368,40.971938],[-72.585327,40.997587],[-72.278789,41.158722],[-72.237731,41.156434],[-72.32663,41.132162],[-72.317238,41.088659],[-72.10216,40.991509],[-71.856214,41.070598],[-73.23914,40.6251],[-73.934512,40.545175],[-74.03959,40.612934],[-74.024543,40.709436],[-74.186027,40.646076],[-74.261889,40.464706],[-73.978282,40.440208],[-74.096906,39.76303],[-74.334804,39.432001],[-74.614481,39.244659],[-74.864458,38.94041],[-74.971995,38.94037],[-74.887167,39.158825],[-75.035672,39.215415],[-75.136548,39.179425],[-75.536431,39.460559],[-75.512732,39.578],[-75.571759,39.623584],[-75.509342,39.685313],[-75.587147,39.651012],[-75.589901,39.462022],[-75.402964,39.254626],[-75.402035,39.066885],[-75.190552,38.806861],[-75.089473,38.797198],[-75.048939,38.451263],[-75.195382,38.093582],[-75.359036,37.864143],[-75.437868,37.872324],[-75.514921,37.799149],[-75.665957,37.439209],[-75.798448,37.296285],[-75.800755,37.197297],[-75.906734,37.114193],[-75.97043,37.118608],[-76.018645,37.31782],[-75.818125,37.791698],[-75.689837,37.861817],[-75.757694,37.903912],[-75.663095,37.961195],[-75.892686,37.916848],[-75.87319,38.034375],[-75.812913,38.058932],[-75.880515,38.075011],[-75.843862,38.144599],[-75.958786,38.135572],[-75.848473,38.20934],[-75.938577,38.272329],[-75.970514,38.233668],[-76.016291,38.307206],[-75.973876,38.36585],[-76.048637,38.311643],[-76.032044,38.216684],[-76.258189,38.318373],[-76.33636,38.492235],[-76.247894,38.523019],[-76.308321,38.571769],[-76.271827,38.615661],[-76.147158,38.63684],[-76.238685,38.735434],[-76.347998,38.686234],[-76.271575,38.851771],[-76.19343,38.821787],[-76.203638,38.928382],[-76.273022,38.94184],[-76.376031,38.848777],[-76.311766,39.035257],[-76.278058,38.983246],[-76.164004,38.99953],[-76.145174,39.092824],[-76.231765,39.018518],[-76.274741,39.164961],[-76.170588,39.331954],[-76.002408,39.367501],[-76.040854,39.393594],[-75.977751,39.44302],[-75.970337,39.557637],[-76.096072,39.536912],[-76.11461,39.488619],[-76.060988,39.447775],[-76.281374,39.304531],[-76.341443,39.354217],[-76.425281,39.205708],[-76.535885,39.211008],[-76.430946,39.132818],[-76.394358,39.01216],[-76.474198,38.972647],[-76.459479,38.907113],[-76.557535,38.744687],[-76.506023,38.50461],[-76.386229,38.382013],[-76.399313,38.259398],[-76.321499,38.03805],[-76.588683,38.21295],[-76.920778,38.291529],[-77.016371,38.445572],[-77.250172,38.382781],[-77.263599,38.512344],[-77.12634,38.6177],[-77.246704,38.635217],[-77.32544,38.44885],[-77.279633,38.339444],[-77.043526,38.400548],[-76.962311,38.214075],[-76.613939,38.148587],[-76.516547,38.026566],[-76.236725,37.889174],[-76.339892,37.655966],[-76.28037,37.613715],[-76.36232,37.610368],[-76.510187,37.642324],[-76.584289,37.76889],[-76.784618,37.869569],[-76.542666,37.616857],[-76.300144,37.561734],[-76.360474,37.51924],[-76.265056,37.481365],[-76.275552,37.309964],[-76.415167,37.402133],[-76.445333,37.36646],[-76.349489,37.273963],[-76.50364,37.233856],[-76.389793,37.222981],[-76.399659,37.160272],[-76.292344,37.126615],[-76.304272,37.001378],[-76.428869,36.969947],[-76.618252,37.119347],[-76.649869,37.220914],[-76.802511,37.198308],[-76.73032,37.145395],[-76.685614,37.198851],[-76.662558,37.045748],[-76.500355,36.965212],[-76.469914,36.882898],[-76.297663,36.968147],[-75.996252,36.922047],[-75.867044,36.550754]],[[-77.038598,38.791513],[-76.910795,38.891712],[-77.040999,38.99511],[-77.1199,38.934311],[-77.040599,38.871212],[-77.038598,38.791513]]],[[[-88.124658,30.28364],[-88.075856,30.246139],[-88.313323,30.230024],[-88.124658,30.28364]]],[[[-81.582923,24.658732],[-81.425483,24.752989],[-81.298028,24.656774],[-81.395096,24.621062],[-81.49858,24.66498],[-81.602998,24.586444],[-81.81289,24.546468],[-81.582923,24.658732]]],[[[-81.317673,24.75729],[-81.288259,24.720881],[-81.357417,24.756834],[-81.317673,24.75729]]],[[[-80.729275,24.865361],[-80.691762,24.885759],[-80.766966,24.836158],[-80.729275,24.865361]]],[[[-84.777208,29.707398],[-84.696726,29.76993],[-84.957779,29.612635],[-85.097082,29.625215],[-85.023501,29.597073],[-84.777208,29.707398]]],[[[-85.156415,29.679628],[-85.077237,29.670862],[-85.124913,29.628433],[-85.222546,29.678039],[-85.156415,29.679628]]],[[[-82.255777,26.703437],[-82.166042,26.489679],[-82.013913,26.452058],[-82.082915,26.422059],[-82.177017,26.471558],[-82.255777,26.703437]]],[[[-80.250581,25.34193],[-80.377084,25.130487],[-80.659395,24.897433],[-80.460652,25.078904],[-80.494715,25.102269],[-80.433575,25.106317],[-80.446473,25.151287],[-80.395467,25.150694],[-80.337345,25.231353],[-80.368186,25.282359],[-80.292567,25.314385],[-80.174544,25.518406],[-80.250581,25.34193]]],[[[-70.59628,41.471905],[-70.501306,41.385391],[-70.450431,41.420703],[-70.451084,41.348161],[-70.775665,41.300982],[-70.838777,41.347209],[-70.59628,41.471905]]],[[[-70.092142,41.297741],[-70.031332,41.339332],[-70.049053,41.391702],[-69.960181,41.264546],[-70.118669,41.242351],[-70.275526,41.310464],[-70.092142,41.297741]]],[[[-76.048373,38.12055],[-76.095548,38.125123],[-76.07147,38.203502],[-76.005904,38.07717],[-76.048373,38.12055]]],[[[-76.04653,37.953586],[-76.041668,38.032148],[-75.970172,38.015688],[-76.032491,37.915008],[-76.04653,37.953586]]],[[[-68.453236,44.189998],[-68.384903,44.154955],[-68.438518,44.11618],[-68.502096,44.152388],[-68.453236,44.189998]]],[[[-68.680773,44.279242],[-68.605906,44.230772],[-68.675056,44.137131],[-68.722956,44.219607],[-68.680773,44.279242]]],[[[-68.792139,44.237819],[-68.780055,44.203129],[-68.839422,44.236547],[-68.792139,44.237819]]],[[[-68.498637,44.369686],[-68.489641,44.313705],[-68.530394,44.333583],[-68.498637,44.369686]]],[[[-68.618212,44.012367],[-68.657031,44.003823],[-68.661594,44.075837],[-68.6181,44.096706],[-68.618212,44.012367]]],[[[-68.785601,44.053503],[-68.874139,44.025359],[-68.944597,44.11284],[-68.825067,44.186338],[-68.785601,44.053503]]],[[[-68.942826,44.281073],[-68.868444,44.38144],[-68.95189,44.218719],[-68.942826,44.281073]]],[[[-88.710719,30.250799],[-88.562067,30.227476],[-88.771991,30.245523],[-88.710719,30.250799]]],[[[-75.753765,35.199612],[-75.529393,35.288272],[-75.47861,35.553069],[-75.533512,35.773577],[-75.458659,35.596597],[-75.52592,35.233839],[-76.013145,35.061855],[-75.98395,35.120042],[-75.753765,35.199612]]],[[[-75.675245,35.929024],[-75.620454,35.809253],[-75.727251,35.93362],[-75.675245,35.929024]]],[[[-74.144428,40.53516],[-74.254588,40.502303],[-74.1894,40.642121],[-74.075884,40.648101],[-74.059184,40.593502],[-74.144428,40.53516]]],[[[-82.835118,41.708971],[-82.782719,41.694003],[-82.842099,41.628323],[-82.835118,41.708971]]],[[[-71.3312,41.580318],[-71.366165,41.66098],[-71.30555,41.622523],[-71.3312,41.580318]]],[[[-71.58955,41.196557],[-71.561093,41.224207],[-71.547051,41.153684],[-71.611706,41.153239],[-71.58955,41.196557]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Alabama\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252nd Street
http://eros.usgs.gov/
The West Flank FORGE (Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy) site is located immediately west and outside of the Coso geothermal field, eastern California. Coso is a fluid-dominated, high temperature geothermal system that has been producing power continuously since 1987. The reservoir is composed of highly faulted, fractured and hydrothermally altered Cretaceous and Jurassic plutonic basement rocks. The heat source is a shallow, silicic magma chamber associated with overlying, Quaternary rhyolites and basalts of the Coso volcanic field. Over 30 years of development drilling and associated investigations demonstrates that several well-defined boundaries exist at Coso beyond which there is no commercial, hydrothermal geothermal potential. The West Flank is just west of one of these boundaries and it meets all required FORGE temperature (175-225˚C), host rock (crystalline rock), and depth (1.5-4.0 km) criteria.
It has been hypothesized that the Coso volcanic field exists within a right-releasing step-over between two NW-striking, dextral fault systems. Two distinct fault populations yield high permeability drilling targets in the geothermal field. The first population contains WNW-trending with antithetical, NE-trending strike-slip faults and the second includes N- to NNE-trending normal faults. The West Flank appears to be separated from the geothermal field by one such northerly trending fault bounded by a felsic dike swarm. The West Flank’s 83-11 well suggests that the West Flank is comprised of weakly altered, leucogranite and diorites typical of the Jurassic to Cretaceous basement. The stress field in the West Flank has been rotated to 81˚ in contrast to the minimum principal stress orientations within the geothermal field which range from 103˚ to 108˚. Limited drilling, geophysics and other data sets are being assessed and synthesized to develop a working, 3d conceptual geologic model of the West Flank for FORGE.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 41st Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"41st Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering","conferenceDate":"February 22-24, 2016","conferenceLocation":"Stanford, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Stanford University","usgsCitation":"Sabin, A., Blake, K., Lazaro, M., Meade, D., Blankenship, D., Kennedy, M., McCulloch, J., DeOreo, S., Hickman, S.H., Glen, J.M., Kaven, J., Schoenball, M., Williams, C.F., Phelps, G., Faulds, J., Hinz, N., Calvin, W., Siler, D., and Robertson-Tait, A., 2016, Geologic setting of the West Flank, a FORGE site adjacent to the Coso geothermal field, in Proceedings of the 41st Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford, CA, February 22-24, 2016, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-073183","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462310,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/db/IGAstandard/record_detail.php?id=26513","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":462330,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Coso volcanic field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.25,\n 36.25\n ],\n [\n -118.25,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 36.25\n ],\n [\n -118.25,\n 36.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sabin, Andrew","contributorId":344573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabin","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":82392,"text":"U.S. Navy Geothermal Program office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blake, Kelly","contributorId":344574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blake","given":"Kelly","affiliations":[{"id":82392,"text":"U.S. Navy Geothermal Program office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lazaro, Mike","contributorId":344575,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lazaro","given":"Mike","affiliations":[{"id":82392,"text":"U.S. Navy Geothermal Program office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meade, Dave","contributorId":344576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meade","given":"Dave","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82392,"text":"U.S. Navy Geothermal Program office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blankenship, Douglas","contributorId":344577,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blankenship","given":"Douglas","affiliations":[{"id":34829,"text":"Sandia National Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kennedy, Mack","contributorId":344578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Mack","affiliations":[{"id":38900,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCulloch, Jess","contributorId":344579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCulloch","given":"Jess","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82393,"text":"Coso Operating Company LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"DeOreo, Steve","contributorId":344580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeOreo","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82393,"text":"Coso Operating Company LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hickman, Stephen H. 0000-0003-2075-9615 hickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":2705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","email":"hickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M.G. 0000-0002-3502-3355 jglen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3502-3355","contributorId":176530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan","email":"jglen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.G.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kaven, J. Ole 0000-0003-2625-2786 okaven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2625-2786","contributorId":3993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaven","given":"J. Ole","email":"okaven@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schoenball, Martin 0000-0003-4880-4641 mschoenball@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4880-4641","contributorId":344581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenball","given":"Martin","email":"mschoenball@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Williams, Colin F. 0000-0003-2196-5496 colin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Colin","email":"colin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Phelps, Geoffrey 0000-0003-1958-2736 gphelps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-2736","contributorId":127489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gphelps@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Faulds, James","contributorId":344582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faulds","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":82394,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Hinz, Nick","contributorId":344583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hinz","given":"Nick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":82394,"text":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Calvin, Wendy","contributorId":344584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calvin","given":"Wendy","affiliations":[{"id":82395,"text":"Dept of Geological Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Siler, Drew","contributorId":344585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siler","given":"Drew","affiliations":[{"id":38900,"text":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Robertson-Tait, Ann","contributorId":344586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson-Tait","given":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":34832,"text":"GeothermEx/Schlumberger","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70176105,"text":"ds1017 - 2016 - Digital geologic map data for the Ozark National Scenic Riverways and adjacent areas along the Current River and Jacks Fork, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-23T10:27:59","indexId":"ds1017","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-23T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1017","title":"Digital geologic map data for the Ozark National Scenic Riverways and adjacent areas along the Current River and Jacks Fork, Missouri","docAbstract":"The geology of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways (ONSR) in southern Missouri has been mapped at 1:24,000 scale. This endeavor was achieved through the combined efforts of U.S. Geological Survey and Missouri Geological Survey individual quadrangle mapping and additional fieldwork by the authors of this report. Geologic data covering the area of the ONSR and a 1-mile (1.6-kilometer) buffer zone surrounding the park, as well as geologic data from a few key adjoining areas, have been compiled into a single, seamless geographic information system database. The intent is to provide base geologic information for natural science research and land management in the park and surrounding areas. The data are served online at ScienceBase (https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/), where they are provided in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) file geodatabase format, and are accompanied by metadata files. These data can be accessed at: http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7CJ8BKB. Additional detailed geologic information about the ONSR and surrounding areas is available in the separate 1:24,000-scale quadrangle maps and in a 1:100,000-scale map and report on the regional geology.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1017","usgsCitation":"Weary, D.J., Orndorff, R.C., Harrison, R.W., and Weems, R.E., 2016, Digital geologic map data for the Ozark National Scenic Riverways and adjacent areas along the Current River and Jacks Fork, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1017, 14 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds1017.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 14 p., Data Release","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055549","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438545,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CJ8BKB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital geologic map data for the Ozark National Scenic Riverways and adjacent areas along the Current River and Jacks Fork, Missouri"},{"id":328530,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1017/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":328531,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1017/ds1017.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.52 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 1017"},{"id":328532,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7CJ8BKB","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital geologic map data for the Ozark National Scenic Riverways and adjacent areas along the Current River and Jacks Fork, Missouri"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Current River, Jacks Fork","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.2769889831543,\n 37.19286918883309\n ],\n [\n -91.2802505493164,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -91.28677368164062,\n 37.192048706345375\n ],\n [\n -91.29192352294922,\n 37.19601428910628\n ],\n [\n -91.29518508911131,\n 37.19997966357578\n ],\n [\n -91.30170822143555,\n 37.200253129999126\n ],\n [\n -91.30805969238281,\n 37.19765515897727\n ],\n [\n -91.31269454956055,\n 37.20230409659462\n ],\n [\n -91.3154411315918,\n 37.20736290925367\n ],\n [\n -91.31904602050781,\n 37.21324164386899\n ],\n [\n -91.32059097290039,\n 37.216659302277314\n ],\n [\n -91.31458282470702,\n 37.22158045838652\n ],\n [\n -91.31303787231445,\n 37.22650129343409\n ],\n [\n -91.30823135375977,\n 37.22759476873106\n ],\n [\n -91.30428314208984,\n 37.229918351090596\n ],\n [\n -91.30531311035156,\n 37.231968511359014\n ],\n [\n -91.29827499389648,\n 37.23401861588193\n ],\n [\n -91.2944984436035,\n 37.2375719983302\n ],\n [\n -91.29226684570312,\n 37.24098855426871\n ],\n [\n -91.29329681396484,\n 37.25014416051375\n ],\n [\n -91.29484176635741,\n 37.256019560567275\n ],\n [\n -91.30342483520508,\n 37.25342351006726\n ],\n [\n -91.30239486694335,\n 37.242218476496625\n ],\n [\n -91.30908966064453,\n 37.234155287534705\n ],\n [\n -91.31750106811523,\n 37.22937163227105\n ],\n [\n -91.31956100463867,\n 37.22240061985746\n ],\n [\n -91.32711410522461,\n 37.21994010868952\n ],\n [\n -91.32179260253905,\n 37.20777306839136\n ],\n [\n -91.3180160522461,\n 37.20394482974588\n ],\n [\n -91.31011962890625,\n 37.19163846175808\n ],\n [\n -91.29999160766602,\n 37.1956040660659\n ],\n [\n -91.29072189331055,\n 37.187262380805564\n ],\n [\n -91.28042221069336,\n 37.190544465294934\n ],\n [\n -91.28042221069336,\n 37.186441837394554\n ],\n [\n -91.28334045410155,\n 37.1834331019458\n ],\n [\n -91.29364013671875,\n 37.18493748465265\n ],\n [\n -91.29913330078124,\n 37.17933008772031\n ],\n [\n -91.29621505737305,\n 37.17467973550966\n ],\n [\n -91.29810333251953,\n 37.173859055404826\n ],\n [\n -91.30239486694335,\n 37.17632106897632\n ],\n [\n -91.30685806274414,\n 37.17591073895253\n ],\n [\n -91.31114959716797,\n 37.174542956111225\n ],\n [\n -91.31338119506836,\n 37.17221766845256\n ],\n [\n -91.31767272949219,\n 37.173722274520685\n ],\n [\n -91.32299423217773,\n 37.17126017626408\n ],\n [\n -91.32608413696288,\n 37.16770367048253\n ],\n [\n -91.329345703125,\n 37.16633573907469\n ],\n [\n -91.33157730102539,\n 37.17071303242321\n ],\n [\n -91.33810043334961,\n 37.17303836638578\n ],\n [\n -91.34393692016602,\n 37.16770367048253\n ],\n [\n -91.33878707885742,\n 37.160590156787244\n ],\n [\n -91.33604049682617,\n 37.16428379553819\n ],\n [\n -91.33466720581055,\n 37.16209499436255\n ],\n [\n -91.32642745971678,\n 37.16072696144112\n ],\n [\n -91.3235092163086,\n 37.16346300252506\n ],\n [\n -91.32230758666992,\n 37.165514968345214\n ],\n [\n -91.31904602050781,\n 37.16866120773569\n ],\n [\n -91.31372451782227,\n 37.16852441744235\n ],\n [\n -91.31046295166016,\n 37.17057624584397\n ],\n [\n -91.30651473999023,\n 37.17303836638578\n ],\n [\n -91.30016326904297,\n 37.1696187328562\n ],\n [\n -91.29484176635741,\n 37.170302671942636\n ],\n [\n -91.29175186157227,\n 37.17139696160527\n ],\n [\n -91.28900527954102,\n 37.17317514850797\n ],\n [\n -91.28969192504883,\n 37.177141722338035\n ],\n [\n -91.29003524780273,\n 37.18165515647851\n ],\n [\n -91.28488540649414,\n 37.17933008772031\n ],\n [\n -91.27973556518553,\n 37.180834552147516\n ],\n [\n -91.27681732177734,\n 37.183296338395685\n ],\n [\n -91.27578735351561,\n 37.18657859524883\n ],\n [\n -91.27424240112305,\n 37.18849317920571\n ],\n [\n -91.26480102539062,\n 37.18315957459794\n ],\n [\n -91.25398635864258,\n 37.17878300231781\n ],\n [\n -91.2495231628418,\n 37.1800139389017\n ],\n [\n -91.24643325805664,\n 37.177688819626646\n ],\n [\n -91.24385833740233,\n 37.17358549338895\n ],\n [\n -91.23355865478516,\n 37.17344871200958\n ],\n [\n -91.22325897216797,\n 37.17467973550966\n ],\n [\n -91.2224006652832,\n 37.177278497031615\n ],\n [\n -91.21879577636719,\n 37.17563718436526\n ],\n [\n -91.20454788208008,\n 37.173859055404826\n ],\n [\n -91.20025634765625,\n 37.17659462108739\n ],\n [\n -91.19596481323242,\n 37.18261251693054\n ],\n [\n -91.1920166015625,\n 37.18616832094302\n ],\n [\n -91.19527816772461,\n 37.190270963702574\n ],\n [\n -91.2000846862793,\n 37.18739913717396\n ],\n [\n -91.20918273925781,\n 37.18165515647851\n ],\n [\n -91.21038436889648,\n 37.1785094581308\n ],\n [\n -91.21604919433594,\n 37.1785094581308\n ],\n [\n -91.21896743774414,\n 37.179877169160704\n ],\n [\n -91.2246322631836,\n 37.18028747764086\n ],\n [\n -91.22978210449219,\n 37.17809913999305\n ],\n [\n -91.23991012573241,\n 37.177141722338035\n ],\n [\n -91.24265670776367,\n 37.18165515647851\n ],\n [\n -91.25484466552734,\n 37.18384339111027\n ],\n [\n -91.26256942749023,\n 37.18849317920571\n ],\n [\n -91.26840591430664,\n 37.192048706345375\n ],\n [\n -91.2769889831543,\n 37.19286918883309\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
http://geology.er.usgs.gov/egpsc/
We collected new high‐resolution P‐wave seismic‐reflection data to explore for possible faults beneath a roughly linear cluster of early to mid‐Holocene earthquake‐induced sand blows to the south of Marianna, Arkansas. The Daytona Beach sand blow deposits are located in east‐central Arkansas about 75 km southwest of Memphis, Tennessee, and about 80 km south of the southwestern end of the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ). Previous studies of these sand blows indicate that they were produced between 10,500 and 5350 yr B.P. (before A.D. 1950). The sand blows are large and similar in size to those in the heart of the NMSZ produced by the 1811–1812 earthquakes. The seismic‐reflection profiles reveal a previously unknown zone of near‐vertical faults imaged in the 100–1100‐m depth range that are approximately coincident with a cluster of earthquake‐induced sand blows and a near‐linear surface lineament composed of air photo tonal anomalies. These interpreted faults are expressed as vertical discontinuities with the largest displacement fault showing about 40 m of west‐side‐up displacement at the top of the Paleozoic section at about 1100 m depth. There are about 20 m of folding on reflections within the Eocene strata at 400 m depth. Increasing fault displacement with depth suggests long‐term recurrent faulting. The imaged faults within the vicinity of the numerous sand blow features could be a causative earthquake source, although it does not rule out the possibility of other seismic sources nearby. These newly located faults add to a growing list of potentially active Pleistocene–Holocene faults discovered over the last two decades that are within the Mississippi embayment region but outside of the historical NMSZ.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220160125","usgsCitation":"Odum, J., Williams, R., Stephenson, W.J., Tuttle, M.P., and Al-Shukri, H., 2016, Preliminary assessment of a previously unknown fault zone beneath the Daytona Beach sand blow cluster near Marianna, Arkansas: Seismological Research Letters, v. 87, no. 6, p. 1453-1464, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220160125.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1453","endPage":"1464","ipdsId":"IP-078869","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","city":"Marianna","otherGeospatial":"Daytona Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.88027954101562,\n 34.55068030023981\n ],\n [\n -90.24581909179686,\n 34.55068030023981\n ],\n [\n -90.24581909179686,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -90.88027954101562,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -90.88027954101562,\n 34.55068030023981\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594cd740e4b062508e3951dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Odum, Jackson K. 0000-0003-4697-2430 odum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-2430","contributorId":1365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Odum","given":"Jackson K.","email":"odum@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":699393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Robert 0000-0002-2973-8493 rawilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-8493","contributorId":140741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Robert","email":"rawilliams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":699394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stephenson, William J. 0000-0001-8699-0786 wstephens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0786","contributorId":695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"William","email":"wstephens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":699395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tuttle, Martitia P.","contributorId":139388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuttle","given":"Martitia","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12760,"text":"Tuttle and Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":699396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Al-Shukri, Hadar","contributorId":193245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Al-Shukri","given":"Hadar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}