{"pageNumber":"1089","pageRowStart":"27200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40841,"records":[{"id":70157361,"text":"70157361 - 2003 - Flowpath delineation and ground water age, Allequash Basin, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-22T15:09:49","indexId":"70157361","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flowpath delineation and ground water age, Allequash Basin, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>An analysis of ground water flowpaths to a lake and creek in northern Wisconsin shows the flow system in a geologically simple basin dominated by lakes can be surprisingly complex. Differences in source area, i.e., lakes or terrestrial, combined with the presence of intervening lakes, which may or may not capture underflowing ground water as water moves downgradient from recharge areas, contribute to a complex mix of flowpaths. The result is water of different chemistry and vastly different ages may discharge in close proximity. Flowpaths, travel times, and capture zones in the Allequash Basin in northern Wisconsin were delineated using particle tracking based on a calibrated steady-state ground water flow model. The flowpath analysis supports the conclusions of Walker et al. (2003) who made inferences about flowpath characteristics from isotope and major ion chemistry. Simulated particle tracking agreed with Walker et al.'s measurements of water source (lake or terrestrial recharge) in the stream subsurface and also supported their assertion that ground water with a high calcium concentration in the lower basin of Allequash Lake is derived from long flowpaths. Numerical simulations show that ground water discharging in this area originates more than 5 km away in a source area located upgradient of Big Muskellunge Lake, which is upgradient of Allequash Lake. These results graphically illustrate that in settings with multiple sources of water with different age characteristics and converging flowlines (like the Allequash Basin) it may be difficult to obtain accurate estimates of ground water age by chemical analyses of ground water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02432.x","usgsCitation":"Pint, C.D., Hunt, R.J., and Anderson, M.P., 2003, Flowpath delineation and ground water age, Allequash Basin, Wisconsin: Ground Water, v. 41, no. 7, p. 895-902, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02432.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"895","endPage":"902","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":308353,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Allequash Creek, Allequash Lake, Trout Lake Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.75933074951172,\n              45.97453759512536\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.75933074951172,\n              46.103470710854594\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.53514099121094,\n              46.103470710854594\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.53514099121094,\n              45.97453759512536\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.75933074951172,\n              45.97453759512536\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56027bbfe4b03bc34f544830","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pint, Christine D.","contributorId":147841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pint","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Mary P.","contributorId":147842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16925,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159992,"text":"70159992 - 2003 - Concepts of structural equation modeling in biological research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-19T14:48:27","indexId":"70159992","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-14T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"Concepts of structural equation modeling in biological research","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Structural equation modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","isbn":"9780521104029","usgsCitation":"Pugesek, B.H., 2003, Concepts of structural equation modeling in biological research, chap. 2 <i>of</i> Structural equation modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology research, p. 42-60.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311988,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/life-sciences/ecology-and-conservation/structural-equation-modeling-applications-ecological-and-evolutionary-biology"},{"id":311989,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbcce4b06a3ea36c8b13","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Pugesek, Bruce H.","contributorId":22668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugesek","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581447,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tomer, Adrian","contributorId":10333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomer","given":"Adrian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581448,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"von Eye, Alexander","contributorId":26977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Eye","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581449,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Pugesek, Bruce H.","contributorId":22668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugesek","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70157363,"text":"70157363 - 2003 - Variability of isotope and major ion chemistry in the Allequash Basin, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-16T10:54:35","indexId":"70157363","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variability of isotope and major ion chemistry in the Allequash Basin, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>As part of ongoing research conducted at one of the U.S. Geological Survey's Water, Energy, and Biogeochem-ical Budgets sites, work was undertaken to describe the spatial and temporal variability of stream and ground water isotopic composition and cation chemistry in the Trout Lake watershed, to relate the variability to the watershed flow system, and to identify the linkages of geochemical evolution and source of water in the watershed. The results are based on periodic sampling of sites at two scales along Allequash Creek, a small headwater stream in northern Wisconsin. Based on this sampling, there are distinct water isotopic and geochemical differences observed at a smaller hillslope scale and the larger Allequash Creek scale. The variability was larger than expected for this simple watershed, and is likely to be seen in more complex basins. Based on evidence from multiple isotopes and stream chemistry, the flow system arises from three main source waters (terrestrial-, lake-, or wetland-derived recharge) that can be identified along any flowpath using water isotopes together with geochemical characteristics such as iron concentrations. The ground water chemistry demonstrates considerable spatial variability that depends mainly on the flow-path length and water mobility through the aquifer. Calcium concentrations increase with increasing flowpath length, whereas strontium isotope ratios increase with increasing extent of stagnation in either the unsaturated or saturated zones as waters move from source to sink. The flowpath distribution we identify provides important constraints on the calibration of ground water flow models such as that undertaken by Pint et al. (this issue).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02431.x","usgsCitation":"Walker, J.F., Hunt, R.J., Bullen, T.D., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Kendall, C., 2003, Variability of isotope and major ion chemistry in the Allequash Basin, Wisconsin: Ground Water, v. 41, no. 7, p. 883-894, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02431.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"883","endPage":"894","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Allequash Creek, Northern Highlands, Trout Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.75933074951172,\n              45.97453759512536\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.75933074951172,\n              46.103470710854594\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.53514099121094,\n              46.103470710854594\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.53514099121094,\n              45.97453759512536\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.75933074951172,\n              45.97453759512536\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56027c2ce4b03bc34f544894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, John F. jfwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"John","email":"jfwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bullen, Thomas D. 0000-0003-2281-1691 tdbullen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-1691","contributorId":1969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"Thomas","email":"tdbullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70120643,"text":"70120643 - 2003 - Recent progress in the development of a SPARROW model of sediment for the conterminous U.S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T13:06:26","indexId":"70120643","displayToPublicDate":"2013-08-15T11:39:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Recent progress in the development of a SPARROW model of sediment for the conterminous U.S.","docAbstract":"<p>Suspended sediment has long been recognized as an important contaminant affecting water resources. Besides its direct role in determining water clarity, bridge scour and reservoir storage, sediment serves as a vehicle for the transport of many binding contaminants, including nutrients, trace metals, semi- volatile organic compounds, and numerous pesticides (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2000a). Recent efforts to address water quality concerns through the TMDL process have identified sediment as the single most prevalent cause of impairment in the Nation’s streams and rivers (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2000b). Moreover, sediment has been identified as a medium for the transport and sequestration of organic carbon, playing a potentially important role in understanding sources and sinks in the global carbon budget (Stallard 1998). </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"First Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds: October 27-30, 2003","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service","usgsCitation":"Schwarz, G., Smith, R., Alexander, R., and Gray, J., 2003, Recent progress in the development of a SPARROW model of sediment for the conterminous U.S., <i>in</i> First Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds: October 27-30, 2003, p. 257-262.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"262","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292289,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292294,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.tucson.ars.ag.gov/ICRW/Proceedings.htm"},{"id":292295,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.tucson.ars.ag.gov/ICRW/Proceedings/Schwarz.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ed7e4b0bfa1f993f000","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwarz, Gregory","contributorId":47299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard","contributorId":34172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, Richard","contributorId":91003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, John","contributorId":85893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70006822,"text":"70006822 - 2003 - Use of the Legal-Institutional Analysis Model to assess hydropower licensing negotiations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-17T01:01:55","indexId":"70006822","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T13:58:38","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of the Legal-Institutional Analysis Model to assess hydropower licensing negotiations","docAbstract":"In the United States, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is responsible for issuing or renewing licenses for hydropower projects owned and operated by power companies.  During the licensing process, these companies are required to consult with agencies and other parties that are affected by project operating regimes.  Typical participants include state and federal fish and wildlife agencies, environmental interest groups, and the FERC.  One of the most difficult tasks facing participants is to reach agreement about what kinds of environmental conditions should be placed on license.  Researchers at the United States Geological Survey developed a model to analyze the institutional context of natural resource disputes.  The Legal-Institutional Analysis Model (LIAM) is a computerized model that allows an analyst to determine the likely behavior of each organization in a conflict.  The model also analyzes the types and levels of negotiating power held by each organization.  Researchers at the USGS have used the model in several cases involving hydropower license applications.  To use the model, they facilitate workshops for stakeholder groups in order to develop a shared understanding of the likely obstacles and opportunities for successful resolution of the issues.  This allows a systematic workshop analyses to develop strategies for successful negotiations, because they are able to better understand the negotiation problem and work more effectively with both their allies and their competitors.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the International IFIM Users' Workshop, June 1-5, 2003, Fort Collins, Colorado","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International IFIM Users Workshop","conferenceDate":"June 1-5, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Colorado State University, Office of Conference Services","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Burkardt, N., and Lamb, B.L., 2003, Use of the Legal-Institutional Analysis Model to assess hydropower licensing negotiations, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the International IFIM Users' Workshop, June 1-5, 2003, Fort Collins, Colorado, Fort Collins, CO, June 1-5, 2003, p. [1].","productDescription":"p. [1]","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":259683,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf99e4b08c986b329c54","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lamb, B. 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L.","contributorId":6395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70038742,"text":"70038742 - 2003 - Last Glacial loess in the conterminous USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-06-20T01:01:37","indexId":"70038742","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T12:46:58","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Last Glacial loess in the conterminous USA","docAbstract":"The conterminous United States contains an extensive and generally well-studied record of Last Glacial loess. The loess occurs in diverse physiographic provinces, and under a wide range of climatic and ecological conditions. Both glacial and non-glacia lloess sources are present, and many properties of the loess vary systematically with distance from loess sources. United States' mid-continent Last Glacial loess is probably the thickest in the world, and our calculated mass accumulation rates (MARs) are as high as 17,500 g/m<sup>2</sup>/yr at the Bignell Hill locality in Nebraska, and many near-source localities have MARs greater than 1500 g/m<sup>2</sup>/yr. These MARs are high relative to rates calculated in other loess provinces around the world. Recent models of LastGlacial dust sources fail to predict the extent and magnitude of dust flux from the mid-continent of the United States. A better understanding of linkages between climate, ice sheet behaviour, routing of glacial meltwater, land surface processes beyond the ice margin, and vegetation is needed to improve the predictive capabilities of models simulating dust flux from this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00169-0","usgsCitation":"Bettis, E., Muhs, D.R., Roberts, H.M., and Wintle, A.G., 2003, Last Glacial loess in the conterminous USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 22, no. 18-19, p. 1907-1946, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00169-0.","productDescription":"40 p.","startPage":"1907","endPage":"1946","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502605,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/180","text":"External Repository"},{"id":257682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":257672,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(03)00169-0","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","volume":"22","issue":"18-19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44b9e4b0c8380cd66d18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bettis, E. Arthur III","contributorId":72822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bettis","given":"E. Arthur","suffix":"III","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roberts, Helen M.","contributorId":16691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wintle, Ann G.","contributorId":93757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wintle","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70006456,"text":"70006456 - 2003 - Modeling time-varying growth using a generalized von Bertalanffy model with application to bloater (Coregonus hoyi) growth dynamics in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-26T22:13:49","indexId":"70006456","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling time-varying growth using a generalized von Bertalanffy model with application to bloater (Coregonus hoyi) growth dynamics in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"A concurrent increase in lakewide abundance and decrease in size-at-age of bloater (<i>Coregonus hoyi</i>) in Lake Michigan have suggested density-dependent growth regulation. We investigated these temporal patterns by fitting a dynamic von Bertalanffy model and length–weight relationship with time-varying parameters to mean length- and weight-at-ages (ages 1–7) from annual surveys (1965-–1999). We modeled yearling length, asymptotic size (<i>L</i>&permil;), and the parameters of a power relationship between mean weight and mean length (α and β) as changing slowly over time using a random walk model. The Brody growth coefficient (<i>k</i>) was modeled as a linear function of <i>L</i>&permil; with year-specific random deviations. Our results support a positive relationship between <i>L</i>&permil; and <i>k</i>, indicating that under conditions supporting larger asymptotic lengths, individuals approach the asymptote more rapidly. We explored the relationship between year-specific growth parameters and indices of lakewide bloater abundance and found evidence of density-dependent growth. However, in the most recent years, <i>L</i>&permil; and yearling length have remained low in Lake Michigan despite low bloater abundances, suggesting the occurrence of a fundamental shift in the food web.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, ON","doi":"10.1139/f03-003","collaboration":"Abstract has subscript/superscript to be fixed","usgsCitation":"Szalai, E.B., Fleischer, G.W., and Bence, J., 2003, Modeling time-varying growth using a generalized von Bertalanffy model with application to bloater (Coregonus hoyi) growth dynamics in Lake Michigan: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 60, no. 1, p. 55-66, https://doi.org/10.1139/f03-003.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":263385,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-003"}],"country":"United States;Canada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.91,41.61 ], [ -87.91,46.05 ], [ -84.95,46.05 ], [ -84.95,41.61 ], [ -87.91,41.61 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"60","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50b49dade4b0b3fb1a22916d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szalai, Emily B.","contributorId":82998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Szalai","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fleischer, Guy W.","contributorId":89478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"Guy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bence, James R.","contributorId":95026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bence","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":354546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224364,"text":"5224364 - 2003 - Establishing appropriate measures for monitoring aging in birds: comparing short and long lived species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224364","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1608,"text":"Experimental Gerontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishing appropriate measures for monitoring aging in birds: comparing short and long lived species","docAbstract":"In order to reveal patterns of reproductive aging in birds we focus on a short lived species, the Japanese quail and the American kestrel, which has a life span of medium length. Quail have been studied extensively in the laboratory as models for understanding avian endocrinology and behavior, and as a subject for toxicological research and testing. In the lab, Japanese quail show age-related deterioration in endocrine, behavioral, and sensory system responses; the American kestrel is relatively long lived and shows moderate evidence of senescence in the oldest birds. Using data collected from captive kestrels at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, a database was designed to document selected parameters over the life cycle of the kestrels. Life table data collated from many species indicate that longer lived species of birds show senescence in survival ability but this pattern has not been established for reproductive function. We suggest that useful comparisons among species can be made by identifying stages in reproductive life history, organized on a relative time scale. Preliminary data from quail and kestrels, admittedly only two species, do not yet indicate a pattern of greater reproductive senescence in longer-lived birds. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Experimental Gerontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0531-5565(03)00102-5","collaboration":"Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium on Organisms with Slow Aging (SOSA-2)","usgsCitation":"Ottinger, M.A., Reed, E., Wu, J., Thompson, N., and French, J., 2003, Establishing appropriate measures for monitoring aging in birds: comparing short and long lived species: Experimental Gerontology, v. 38, no. 7, p. 747-750, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0531-5565(03)00102-5.","productDescription":"747-750","startPage":"747","endPage":"750","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17344,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0531-5565(03)00102-5","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"38","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fddff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ottinger, M. A.","contributorId":99078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, E.","contributorId":33818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wu, J.","contributorId":56998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, N.","contributorId":87657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"French, J.B. 0000-0001-8901-7092","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8901-7092","contributorId":13944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224610,"text":"5224610 - 2003 - Hierarchical models and the analysis of bird survey information","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224610","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2963,"text":"Ornis Hungarica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hierarchical models and the analysis of bird survey information","docAbstract":"Management of birds often requires analysis of collections of estimates.  We describe a hierarchical modeling approach to the analysis of these data, in which parameters associated with the individual species estimates are treated as random variables, and probability statements are made about the species parameters conditioned on the data.  A Markov-Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure is used to fit the hierarchical model.  This approach is computer intensive, and is based upon simulation. MCMC allows for estimation both of parameters and of derived statistics.  To illustrate the application of this method, we use the case in which we are interested in attributes of a collection of estimates of population change.  Using data for 28 species of grassland-breeding birds from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, we estimate the number of species with increasing populations, provide precision-adjusted rankings of species trends, and describe a measure of population stability as the probability that the trend for a species is within a certain interval.  Hierarchical models can be applied to a variety of bird survey applications, and we are investigating their use in estimation of population change from survey data.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ornis Hungarica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Proceeding of the Bird Numbers Conference, Nyiregyhaza, Hungary, 2001.  6492_Sauer.pdf","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., and Link, W., 2003, Hierarchical models and the analysis of bird survey information: Ornis Hungarica, v. 12-13, no. 1-2, p. 217-222.","productDescription":"217-222","startPage":"217","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202045,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17351,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://kornel.zool.klte.hu/pub/ornis/articles/OrnisHungarica_vol12-13_p217-223.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"12-13","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2812","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224942,"text":"5224942 - 2003 - Developing a general conceptual framework for avian conservation science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224942","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2963,"text":"Ornis Hungarica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a general conceptual framework for avian conservation science","docAbstract":"Avian conservation science in North America has produced a variety of monitoring programs designed to provide information on population status of birds. Waterfowl surveys provide population estimates for breeding ducks over most of the continent, the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) provides indexes to population change for >400 breeding bird species, and many other surveys exist that index bird populations at a variety of scales and seasons. However, many fundamental questions about bird population change remain unanswered. I suggest that analyses of monitoring data provide limited understanding of causes of population change, and that the declining species paradigm (Caughley 1994) is sometimes an inefficient approach to increasing our understanding of causes of population change. In North America, the North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI) provides an opportunity to implement alternative approaches that use management, modeling of population responses to management, and monitoring in combination to increase our understanding of bird populations. In adaptive resources management, modeling provides predictions about consequences of management, and monitoring data allow us to assess the population consequences of management. In this framework, alternative hypotheses about response of populations to management can be evaluated by formulating a series of models with differing structure, and management and monitoring provide information about which model best predicts population response.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ornis Hungarica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Proceeding of the Bird Numbers Conference, Nyiregyhaza, Hungary, 2001.  7068_Sauer.pdf","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., 2003, Developing a general conceptual framework for avian conservation science: Ornis Hungarica, v. 12-13, p. 25-33.","productDescription":"25-33","startPage":"25","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17353,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://kornel.zool.klte.hu/pub/ornis/articles/OrnisHungarica_vol12-13_p25-33.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"12-13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224356,"text":"5224356 - 2003 - Nonidentifiability of population size from capture-recapture data with heterogeneous detection probabilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-19T12:28:23.754398","indexId":"5224356","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonidentifiability of population size from capture-recapture data with heterogeneous detection probabilities","docAbstract":"<p><span>Heterogeneity in detection probabilities has long been recognized as problematic in mark-recapture studies, and numerous models developed to accommodate its effects. Individual heterogeneity is especially problematic, in that reasonable alternative models may predict essentially identical observations from populations of substantially different sizes. Thus even with very large samples, the analyst will not be able to distinguish among reasonable models of heterogeneity, even though these yield quite distinct inferences about population size. The problem is illustrated with models for closed and open populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.0006-341X.2003.00129.x","usgsCitation":"Link, W., 2003, Nonidentifiability of population size from capture-recapture data with heterogeneous detection probabilities: Biometrics, v. 59, no. 4, p. 1123-1130, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.2003.00129.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1123","endPage":"1130","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387236,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69706e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224365,"text":"5224365 - 2003 - An integrated analysis of the effects of past land use on forest herb colonization at the landscape scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-20T13:54:33","indexId":"5224365","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated analysis of the effects of past land use on forest herb colonization at the landscape scale","docAbstract":"<ol><li>A framework that summarizes the direct and indirect effects of past land use on forest herb recolonization is proposed, and used to analyse the colonization patterns of forest understorey herbaceous species in a 360-ha mixed forest, grassland and arable landscape in the Dijle river valley (central Belgium).<br></li><li>Fine-scale distribution maps were constructed for 14 species. The species were mapped in 15&nbsp;946 forest plots and outside forests (along parcel margins) in 5188 plots. Forest stands varied in age between 1 and more than 224&nbsp;years. Detailed land-use history data were combined with the species distribution maps to identify species-specific colonization sources and to calculate colonization distances.<br></li><li>The six most frequent species were selected for more detailed statistical analysis.<br></li><li>Logistic regression models indicated that species frequency in forest parcels was a function of secondary forest age, distance from the nearest colonization source and their interaction. Similar age and distance effects were found within hedgerows.<br></li><li>In 199 forest stands, data about soils, canopy structure and the cover of competitive species were collected. The relative importance of habitat quality and spatio-temporal isolation for the colonization of the forest herb species was quantified using structural equation modelling (SEM), within the framework proposed for the effects of past land use.<br></li><li>The results of the SEM indicate that, except for the better colonizing species, the measured habitat quality variables are of minor importance in explaining colonization patterns, compared with the combination of secondary forest age and distance from colonization sources.<br></li><li>Our results suggest the existence of a two-stage colonization process in which diaspore availability determines the initial pattern, which is affected by environmental sorting at later stages.<br></li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00807.x","usgsCitation":"Verheyen, K., Guntenspergen, G.R., Biesbrouck, B., and Hermy, M., 2003, An integrated analysis of the effects of past land use on forest herb colonization at the landscape scale: Journal of Ecology, v. 91, no. 5, p. 731-742, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00807.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"731","endPage":"742","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478310,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00807.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":201991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db68457f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verheyen, K.","contributorId":38681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verheyen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":341428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biesbrouck, B.","contributorId":88065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biesbrouck","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hermy, M.","contributorId":107832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hermy","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224363,"text":"5224363 - 2003 - Distribution, abundance, and habitat affinities of the Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-29T15:48:55.75371","indexId":"5224363","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:48","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution, abundance, and habitat affinities of the Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow","docAbstract":"We examined the distribution and abundance of the Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow (Melospiza georgiana nigrescens) at previously occupied sites and points within potential habitat.  We found Swamp Sparrows throughout their formerly documented range except in southern Chesapeake Bay.  Swamp Sparrows were most common in the Mullica River region of New Jersey where we detected individuals at 78% of systematically chosen points with a mean count of 4.1 birds/point.  The percentages of points with positive detections in. the regions of Delaware River (39%), eastern Delaware Bay (23%), western Delaware Bay (34%), and Tuckahoe River (31%) were lower.  The mean count of birds/point was between 0.4 and 0.6 in these regions.  A higher resolution Poisson model of relative abundance suggested that the greatest concentrations of Swamp Sparrows occurred not only in the Mullica River area but also along northwestern Delaware Bay.  Regression analysis of Swamp Sparrow counts and habitat features identified shrubs (Iva frutescens and Baccharis halimifolia) as a key habitat component.  By applying density estimates generated by DISTANCE (Thomas et al. 1998) to the approximate area of potential shrub habitat along Delaware Bay, we estimated that the core population of Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrows was less than 28,000 pairs. We recommend that the Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow be listed as a subspecies of concern by state and local governments because of its relatively small population size, restricted distribution in the mid-Atlantic region, and narrow habitat requirements.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1676/02-041","usgsCitation":"Beadell, J., Greenberg, R., Droege, S., and Royle, J., 2003, Distribution, abundance, and habitat affinities of the Coastal Plain Swamp Sparrow: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 115, no. 1, p. 38-44, https://doi.org/10.1676/02-041.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"44","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1676/02-041","text":"External Repository"},{"id":388622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63d445","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beadell, J.","contributorId":6169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beadell","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenberg, R.","contributorId":26778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenberg","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Droege, Sam 0000-0003-4393-0403","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4393-0403","contributorId":64185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5224275,"text":"5224275 - 2003 - Estimating natal dispersal movement rates of female European ducks with multistate modelling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-08T17:48:25.237273","indexId":"5224275","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:46","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating natal dispersal movement rates of female European ducks with multistate modelling","docAbstract":"<p><span>1. We used up to 34 years of capture-recapture data from about 22 100 new releases of day-old&nbsp;</span>female<span>&nbsp;ducklings and&nbsp;</span>multistate<span>&nbsp;modelling to test predictions about the influence of environmental, habitat and management factors on&nbsp;</span>natal<span>&nbsp;</span>dispersal<span>&nbsp;probability of three species of&nbsp;</span>ducks<span>&nbsp;within the Engure Marsh, Latvia. 2. The mean&nbsp;</span>natal<span>&nbsp;</span>dispersal<span>&nbsp;distances were very similar (c. 0.6-0.7 km) for all three species and were on average 2.7 times greater than breeding&nbsp;</span>dispersal<span>&nbsp;distances recorded within the same study system. 3. We were unable to confirm the kinship hypothesis and found no evidence that young first-nesting females nested closer to their relatives (either mother or sister) than to the&nbsp;</span>natal<span>&nbsp;nest. 4. Young&nbsp;</span>female<span>&nbsp;northern shovelers, like adults, moved from small islands to the large island when water level was high and vice versa when water level was low before the construction of elevated small islands.&nbsp;</span>Movement<span>&nbsp;probabilities between the two strata were much higher for young shovelers than adults, suggesting that young birds had not yet developed strong fidelity to the&nbsp;</span>natal<span>&nbsp;site. Movements of young&nbsp;</span>female<span>&nbsp;tufted&nbsp;</span>ducks<span>, unlike those of shovelers, were not dependent on water level fluctuations and reflected substantial flexibility in choice of first nesting sites. 5. Data for young birds supported our earlier conclusion that common pochard nesting habitats in black-headed gull colonies were saturated during the entire study period. Young females, like the two adult age groups, moved into and out of colonies with similar probability. Fidelity probability of&nbsp;</span>female<span>&nbsp;pochards to each stratum increased with age, being the lowest (0.62) for young (DK) females, intermediate (0.78) for yearlings (SY) and the highest (0.84) for adult (ASY) females. 6. Young&nbsp;</span>female<span>&nbsp;tufted&nbsp;</span>ducks<span>, like adults, showed higher probabilities of moving from islands to emergent marshes when water levels were higher both before and after habitat management. The relationship between the spring water levels and&nbsp;</span>movement<span>&nbsp;was much weaker for young females than for adults. 7. Young&nbsp;</span>female<span>&nbsp;diving&nbsp;</span>ducks<span>&nbsp;exhibited much stronger (compared to adults) asymmetric&nbsp;</span>movement<span>&nbsp;with respect to proximity to water, with higher&nbsp;</span>movement<span>&nbsp;probabilities to near-water locations than away from these locations. 8. Local survival of day-old ducklings during the first year of life was time-specific and very low (means for different strata/states 0.01-0.08) because of high&nbsp;</span>rates<span>&nbsp;of emigration and prefledging mortality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00774.x","usgsCitation":"Blums, P., Nichols, J., Hines, J., Lindberg, M.S., and Mednis, A., 2003, Estimating natal dispersal movement rates of female European ducks with multistate modelling: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 72, no. 6, p. 1027-1042, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00774.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1027","endPage":"1042","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478315,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00774.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6486ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blums, Peter","contributorId":25652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blums","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindberg, M. S.","contributorId":94413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mednis, Aivars","contributorId":73695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mednis","given":"Aivars","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224285,"text":"5224285 - 2003 - A new small-eared shrew of the Cryptotis nigrescens-group from Colombia (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:29","indexId":"5224285","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:46","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3147,"text":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new small-eared shrew of the Cryptotis nigrescens-group from Colombia (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae)","docAbstract":"Cryptotis colombiana Woodman & Timm, 1993 previously was known from few specimens from two isolated regions in the Cordillera Central and Cordillera Oriental of Colombia.  Recent collecting in the northern Cordillera Central and review of older collections from the central Cordillera Oriental in the vicinity of Bogota yielded additional specimens that permit reevaluation of the two geographic populations of these small-eared shrews.  Morphological and morphometrical studies indicate that the population inhabiting the Cordillera Oriental represents a distinct, previously unrecognized species that I describe herein as Cryptotis brachyonyx.  Study of 54 specimens of shrews from the Cordillera Oriental in systematic collections in North America, South America, and Europe yielded only four specimens of the new species, all collected before 1926.  The paucity of modern specimens suggests that C. brachyonyx may be extremely restricted in distribution, or possibly extinct.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6120_Woodman.pdf","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., 2003, A new small-eared shrew of the Cryptotis nigrescens-group from Colombia (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae): Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, v. 116, no. 4, p. 853-872.","productDescription":"853-872","startPage":"853","endPage":"872","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abb9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, N. 0000-0003-2689-7373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":104176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224273,"text":"5224273 - 2003 - On the use of the robust design with transient capture-recapture models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-01T21:25:28.588446","indexId":"5224273","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the use of the robust design with transient capture-recapture models","docAbstract":"Capture-mark-recapture studies provide a useful mechanism for estimating the components of the population dynamics of birds, especially survival.  In such studies, it is important that the population being captured matches the population of interest. In many studies, transients are captured along with the population of interest (e.g. resident breeders).  Ignoring that phenomenon produces negatively biased survival estimates, because transients do not return. Although transients cannot be distinguished from residents in the hand, previous methods have adjusted for transience by relying on those captured in more than one year to provide direct estimates of survival rate for residents.  Here, we extend that approach by supplementing that cohort of known residents with those previously unmarked birds captured twice or more, at least d days apart, within a season.  We provide an ad hoc approach to that extension in detail and outline two more formal approaches.  That extension increases the precision of survival estimates.","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1093/auk/120.4.1151","usgsCitation":"Hines, J., Kendall, W., and Nichols, J., 2003, On the use of the robust design with transient capture-recapture models: The Auk, v. 120, no. 4, p. 1151-1158, https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/120.4.1151.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1151","endPage":"1158","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478316,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/120.4.1151","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378071,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://academic.oup.com/auk/article/120/4/1151/5562231","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"120","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691ade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224249,"text":"5224249 - 2003 - Spring hunting changes the regional movements of migrating greater snow geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-08T17:58:36.50939","indexId":"5224249","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:44","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring hunting changes the regional movements of migrating greater snow geese","docAbstract":"<p><span>1. Human-induced disturbance such as&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>&nbsp;may influence the migratory behaviour of long-distance migrants. In 1999 and 2000 a&nbsp;</span>spring<span>&nbsp;hunt of&nbsp;</span>greater<span>&nbsp;</span>snow<span>&nbsp;</span>geese<span>&nbsp;Anser caerulescens atlanticus occurred for the first time in North America since 1916, aimed at stopping population growth to protect natural habitats. 2. We evaluated the impact of this hunt on the staging&nbsp;</span>movements<span>&nbsp;of&nbsp;</span>geese<span>&nbsp;along a 600-km stretch of the St Lawrence River in southern Quebec, Canada. 3. We tracked radio-tagged female&nbsp;</span>geese<span>&nbsp;in three contiguous regions of the staging area from the south-west to the north-east: Lake St Pierre, Upper Estuary and Lower Estuary, in&nbsp;</span>spring<span>&nbsp;1997 (n = 37) and 1998 (n = 70) before the establishment of&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>, and in 1999 (n = 60) and 2000 (n = 59) during&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>. 4. We used multi-state capture-recapture models to estimate the&nbsp;</span>movement<span>&nbsp;probabilities of radio-tagged females among these regions. To assess disturbance level, we tracked&nbsp;</span>geese<span>&nbsp;during their feeding trips and estimated the probability of completing a foraging bout without being disturbed. 5. In the 2 years without&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>, migration was strongly unidirectional from the south-west to the north-east, with very low westward&nbsp;</span>movement<span>&nbsp;probabilities.&nbsp;</span>Geese<span>&nbsp;gradually moved from Lake St Pierre to Upper Estuary and then from Upper Estuary to Lower Estuary. 6. In contrast, during the 2 years with&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>&nbsp;westward&nbsp;</span>movement<span>&nbsp;was more than four times more likely than in preceding years. Most of these backward&nbsp;</span>movements<span>&nbsp;occurred shortly after the beginning of the hunt, indicating that&nbsp;</span>geese<span>&nbsp;moved back to regions where they had not previously experienced&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>. 7. Overall disturbance level increased in all regions in years with&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>&nbsp;relative to years without&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>. 8. Synthesis and applications. We conclude that&nbsp;</span>spring<span>&nbsp;</span>hunting<span>&nbsp;changed the stopover scheduling of this long-distance migrant and might further impact population dynamics by reducing prenuptial fattening. The&nbsp;</span>spring<span>&nbsp;hunt may also have increased crop damage. We propose that staggered hunt opening dates could attenuate secondary effects of such management actions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00812.x","usgsCitation":"Bechet, A., Giroux, J., Gauthier, G., Nichols, J., and Hines, J., 2003, Spring hunting changes the regional movements of migrating greater snow geese: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 40, no. 3, p. 553-564, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00812.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"564","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Quebec","otherGeospatial":"The St Lawrence River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -66.62109375,\n              50.45750402042058\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.70703125,\n              47.040182144806664\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.365234375,\n              44.33956524809713\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.92578124999999,\n              42.87596410238256\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.05859375,\n              44.96479793033101\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.48828125,\n              47.040182144806664\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.390625,\n              49.49667452747045\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.62109375,\n              50.45750402042058\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ec5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bechet, A.","contributorId":23258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bechet","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giroux, J.-F.","contributorId":98848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giroux","given":"J.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gauthier, G.","contributorId":66384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gauthier","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224247,"text":"5224247 - 2003 - Estimation of ocelot density in the pantanal using capture-recapture analysis of camera-trapping data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-21T17:09:30.055648","indexId":"5224247","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:44","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of ocelot density in the pantanal using capture-recapture analysis of camera-trapping data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Neotropical felids such as the ocelot (</span><i>Leopardus pardalis</i><span>) are secretive, and it is difficult to estimate their populations using conventional methods such as radiotelemetry or sign surveys. We show that recognition of individual ocelots from camera-trapping photographs is possible, and we use camera-trapping results combined with closed population capture-recapture models to estimate density of ocelots in the Brazilian Pantanal. We estimated the area from which animals were camera trapped at 17.71 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>. A model with constant capture probability yielded an estimate of 10 independent ocelots in our study area, which translates to a density of 2.82 independent individuals for every 5 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;(</span><i>SE</i><span>&nbsp;1.00).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1644/1545-1542(2003)084<0607:EOODIT>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Trolle, M., and Kery, M., 2003, Estimation of ocelot density in the pantanal using capture-recapture analysis of camera-trapping data: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 84, no. 2, p. 607-614, https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2003)084<0607:EOODIT>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"607","endPage":"614","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb280","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trolle, M.","contributorId":28692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trolle","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224253,"text":"5224253 - 2003 - Lead accumulation in feathers of nestling black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) experimentally treated in the field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:11","indexId":"5224253","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:44","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead accumulation in feathers of nestling black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) experimentally treated in the field","docAbstract":"Although lead can attain high concentrations in feathers, interpretation of the biological significance of this phenomenon is difficult.  As part of an effort to develop and validate non-invasive methods to monitor contaminant exposure in free-ranging birds, lead uptake by feathers of nestling black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) was evaluated in a controlled exposure study.  Four to six day-old heron nestlings (one/nest) at Chincoteague Bay, Virginia, received a single intraperitoneal injection of dosing vehicle (control; n=7) or a dose of lead nitrate in water (0.01, 0.05, or 0.25 mg Pb/g body weight of nestling; n=6 or 7/dose) chosen to yield feather lead concentrations found at low to moderately polluted sites.  Nestlings were euthanized at 15 days of age.  Lead accumulation in feathers was associated with concentrations in bone, kidney, and liver (r = 0.32 - 0.74, p < 0.02), but exhibited only modest dose-dependence.  Blood delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity was inhibited by lead, although effects on other biochemical endpoints were marginal.  Tarsus growth rate was inversely related to feather lead concentration. Culmen growth rate was depressed in nestlings treated with the highest dose of lead, but not correlated with feather lead concentration.  These findings provide evidence that feathers of nestling herons are a sensitive indicator of lead exposure and have potential application for the extrapolation of lead concentrations in other tissues and the estimation of environmental lead exposure in birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6073_Golden.pdf","usgsCitation":"Golden, N.H., Rattner, B., Cohen, J., Hoffman, D.J., Russek-Cohen, E., and Ottinger, M.A., 2003, Lead accumulation in feathers of nestling black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) experimentally treated in the field: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 22, no. 7, p. 1517-1524.","productDescription":"1517-1524","startPage":"1517","endPage":"1524","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17205,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122678567/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"22","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8920","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golden, N. H.","contributorId":55541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":341052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohen, J.B.","contributorId":29914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Russek-Cohen, E.","contributorId":11717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russek-Cohen","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ottinger, M. A.","contributorId":99078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5224261,"text":"5224261 - 2003 - Biorecovery of gold","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:12","indexId":"5224261","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:44","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1980,"text":"Indian Journal of Experimental Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biorecovery of gold","docAbstract":"Recovery of ionic and metallic gold (Au) from a wide variety of solutions by selected species of bacteria, yeasts, fungi, algae, and higher plants is documented.  Gold accumulations were up to 7.0 g/kg dry weight (DW) in various species of bacteria, 25.0 g/kg DW in freshwater algae, 84.0 g/kg DW in peat, and 100.0 g/kg DW in dried fungus mixed with keratinous material.  Mechanisms of accumulation include oxidation, dissolution, reduction, leaching, and sorption.  Uptake patterns are significantly modified by the physicochemical milieu.  Crab exoskeletons accumulate up to 4.9 g Au/kg DW; however, gold accumulations in various tissues of living teleosts, decapod crustaceans, and bivalve molluscs are negligible.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Indian Journal of Experimental Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Special Issue on Bioremediation & Biodegradation  6086_Eisler.pdf","usgsCitation":"Eisler, R., 2003, Biorecovery of gold: Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, v. 41, no. 9, p. 967-971.","productDescription":"967-971","startPage":"967","endPage":"971","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db622f58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eisler, R.","contributorId":51869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eisler","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5224244,"text":"5224244 - 2003 - Estimation by capture-recapture of recruitment and dispersal over several sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T17:55:31.512835","indexId":"5224244","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:44","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation by capture-recapture of recruitment and dispersal over several sites","docAbstract":"<p><span>Dispersal in animal populations is intimately linked with accession to reproduction, i.e. recruitment, and population regulation. Dispersal processes are thus a key component of population dynamics to the same extent as reproduction or mortality processes. Despite the growing interest in spatial aspects of population dynamics, the methodology for estimating dispersal, in particular in relation with recruitment, is limited. In many animal populations, in particular vertebrates, the impossibility of following individuals over space and time in an exhaustive way leads to the need to frame the estimation of dispersal in the context of capture-recapture methodology. We present here a class of age-dependent multistate capture-recapture models for the simultaneous estimation of natal dispersal, breeding dispersal, and age-dependent recruitment. These models are suitable for populations in which individuals are marked at birth and then recaptured over several sites. Under simple constraints, they can be used in populations where non-breeders are not observed, as is often the case with colonial waterbirds monitored on their breeding grounds. Biological questions can be addressed by comparing models differing in structure, according to the generalized linear model philosophy broadly used in capture-recapture methodology. We illustrate the potential of this approach by an analysis of recruitment and dispersal in the roseate tern&nbsp;</span><i>Sterna dougallii</i><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.11848.x","usgsCitation":"Lebreton, J., Hines, J., Pradel, R., Nichols, J., and Spendelow, J., 2003, Estimation by capture-recapture of recruitment and dispersal over several sites: Oikos, v. 101, no. 2, p. 253-264, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.11848.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"264","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388321,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a29b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lebreton, J.D.","contributorId":104186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lebreton","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pradel, R.","contributorId":85692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pradel","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spendelow, J. A. 0000-0001-8167-0898","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":72478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224257,"text":"5224257 - 2003 - Temporal variability of local abundance, sex ratio and activity in the Sardinian chalk hill blue butterfly","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224257","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:44","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal variability of local abundance, sex ratio and activity in the Sardinian chalk hill blue butterfly","docAbstract":"When capturing and marking of individuals is possible, the application of newly developed capture-recapture models can remove several sources of bias in the estimation of population parameters such as local abundance and sex ratio.  For example, observation of distorted sex ratios in counts or captures can reflect either different abundances of the sexes or different sex-specific capture probabilities, and capture-recapture models can help distinguish between these two possibilities.  Robust design models and a model selection procedure based on information-theoretic methods were applied to study the local population structure of the endemic Sardinian chalk hill blue butterfly, Polyommatus coridon gennargenti.  Seasonal variations of abundance, plus daily and weather-related variations of active populations of males and females were investigated.  Evidence was found of protandry and male pioneering of the breeding space.  Temporary emigration probability, which describes the proportion of the population not exposed to capture (e.g. absent from the study area) during the sampling process, was estimated, differed between sexes, and was related to temperature, a factor known to influence animal activity.  The correlation between temporary emigration and average daily temperature suggested interpreting temporary emigration as inactivity of animals.   Robust design models were used successfully to provide a detailed description of the population structure and activity in this butterfly and are recommended for studies of local abundance and animal activity in the field.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6081 Casula.pdf","usgsCitation":"Casula, P., and Nichols, J., 2003, Temporal variability of local abundance, sex ratio and activity in the Sardinian chalk hill blue butterfly: Oecologia, v. 136, no. 3, p. 374-382.","productDescription":"374-382","startPage":"374","endPage":"382","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17207,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.springerlink.com/content/2aadfww21kvxhyl8/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"136","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db6852ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casula, P.","contributorId":9749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casula","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224260,"text":"5224260 - 2003 - Estimating site occupancy, colonization, and local extinction when a species is detected imperfectly","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-30T09:36:19","indexId":"5224260","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:44","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating site occupancy, colonization, and local extinction when a species is detected imperfectly","docAbstract":"<p>Few species are likely to be so evident that they will always be detected when present. Failing to allow for the possibility that a target species was present, but undetected, at a site will lead to biased estimates of site occupancy, colonization, and local extinction probabilities. These population vital rates are often of interest in long-term monitoring programs and metapopulation studies. We present a model that enables direct estimation of these parameters when the probability of detecting the species is less than 1. The model does not require any assumptions of process stationarity, as do some previous methods, but does require detection/nondetection data to be collected in a manner similar to Pollock's robust design as used in mark?recapture studies. Via simulation, we show that the model provides good estimates of parameters for most scenarios considered. We illustrate the method with data from monitoring programs of Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) in northern California and tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) in Minnesota, USA.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of American","doi":"10.1890/02-3090","usgsCitation":"MacKenzie, D., Nichols, J., Hines, J., Knutson, M.G., and Franklin, A., 2003, Estimating site occupancy, colonization, and local extinction when a species is detected imperfectly: Ecology, v. 84, no. 8, p. 2200-2207, https://doi.org/10.1890/02-3090.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2200","endPage":"2207","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201970,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc943","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKenzie, D.I.","contributorId":69522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knutson, M. G.","contributorId":55375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Franklin, A.B.","contributorId":105667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5224239,"text":"5224239 - 2003 - Normality of raw data in general linear models:  The most widespread myth in statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-02T10:36:54","indexId":"5224239","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:42","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1121,"text":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Normality of raw data in general linear models:  The most widespread myth in statistics","docAbstract":"In years of statistical consulting for ecologists and wildlife biologists, by far the most common misconception we have come across has been the one about normality in general linear models.  These comprise a very large part of the statistical models used in ecology and include t tests, simple and multiple linear regression, polynomial regression, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and covariance (ANCOVA). There is a widely held belief that the normality assumption pertains to the raw data rather than to the model residuals. We suspect that this error may also occur in countless published studies, whenever the normality assumption is tested prior to analysis.  This may lead to the use of nonparametric alternatives (if there are any), when parametric tests would indeed be appropriate, or to use of transformations of raw data, which may introduce hidden assumptions such as multiplicative effects on the natural scale in the case of log-transformed data.  Our aim here is to dispel this myth.  We very briefly describe relevant theory for two cases of general linear models to show that the residuals need to be normally distributed if tests requiring normality are to be used, such as t and F tests.  We then give two examples demonstrating that the distribution of the response variable may be nonnormal, and yet the residuals are well behaved.  We do not go into the issue of how to test normality; instead we display the distributions of response variables and residuals graphically.","language":"English","doi":"10.1890/0012-9623(2003)84[92:NORDIG]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., and Hatfield, J.S., 2003, Normality of raw data in general linear models:  The most widespread myth in statistics: Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, v.  84, no. 2, p. 92-94, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2003)84[92:NORDIG]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478325,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2003)84[92:nordig]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":195897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":" 84","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696e40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, Marc","contributorId":168361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kery","given":"Marc","affiliations":[{"id":12551,"text":"Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":341001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":95187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5224234,"text":"5224234 - 2003 - Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-08T18:42:08.756109","indexId":"5224234","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:42","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid <i>Cleistes bifaria</i>","title":"Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria","docAbstract":"<p><span>1. Most plant&nbsp;</span>demographic<span>&nbsp;studies follow marked individuals&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;permanent plots. Plots tend to be small, so&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>&nbsp;is assumed to be one for every individual. However,&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>&nbsp;could be affected by factors such as plant traits, time, space, observer, previous detection, biotic interactions, and especially by&nbsp;</span>life<span>-</span>state<span>. 2. We used&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;double-observer survey and closed population capture-recapture modelling to estimate&nbsp;</span>state<span>-specific&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>&nbsp;of the&nbsp;</span>orchid<span>&nbsp;</span>Cleistes<span>&nbsp;</span>bifaria<span>&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;long-term&nbsp;</span>study<span>&nbsp;plot of 41.2 m</span><sup>2</sup><span>. Based on AIC</span><sub>c</sub><span>&nbsp;model selection,&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>&nbsp;was different for each&nbsp;</span>life<span>-</span>state<span>&nbsp;and for tagged vs. previously untagged plants. There were no differences&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>&nbsp;between the two observers. 3.&nbsp;</span>Detectability<span>&nbsp;estimates (SE) for one-leaf vegetative, two-leaf vegetative, and flowering/fruiting states correlated with mean size of these states and were 0.76 (0.05), 0.92 (0.06), and 1 (0.00), respectively, for previously tagged plants, and 0.84 (0.08), 0.75 (0.22), and 0 (0.00), respectively, for previously untagged plants. (We had insufficient data to obtain&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;satisfactory estimate of previously untagged flowering plants). 4. Our estimates are for&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;medium-sized plant&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;small and intensively surveyed plot. It is possible that&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>&nbsp;is even lower for larger plots and smaller plants or smaller&nbsp;</span>life<span>-states (e.g. seedlings) and that detectabilities &lt; I are widespread&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;plant&nbsp;</span>demographic<span>&nbsp;studies. 5.&nbsp;</span>State<span>-dependent detectabilities are especially worrying since they will lead to&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;size- or&nbsp;</span>state<span>-biased sample from the&nbsp;</span>study<span>&nbsp;plot. Failure to incorporate&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>&nbsp;into&nbsp;</span>demographic<span>&nbsp;estimation methods introduces&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;bias into most estimates of population parameters such as fecundity, recruitment, mortality, and transition rates between&nbsp;</span>life<span>-states. We illustrate this by&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;simple example using&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;matrix model, where&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;hypothetical population was stable but, due to imperfect detection, wrongly projected to be declining at&nbsp;</span>a<span>&nbsp;rate of 8% per year. 6. Almost all plant&nbsp;</span>demographic<span>&nbsp;studies are based on models for discrete states.&nbsp;</span>State<span>&nbsp;and size are important predictors both for&nbsp;</span>demographic<span>&nbsp;rates and&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>. We suggest that even&nbsp;</span>in<span>&nbsp;studies based on small plots,&nbsp;</span>state<span>- or size-specific&nbsp;</span>detectability<span>&nbsp;should be estimated at least at some point to avoid biased inference about the dynamics of the population sampled.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00759.x","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., and Gregg, K., 2003, Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria: Journal of Ecology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 265-273, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00759.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"273","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00759.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611cb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gregg, K.B.","contributorId":34224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}