1. We used up to 35 years of capture-recapture data from nearly 3300 individual female ducks nesting on Engure Marsh, Latvia, and multistate modelling to test predictions about the influence of environmental, habitat and management factors on breeding dispersal probability within the marsh. 2. Analyses based on observed dispersal distances of common pochards and tufted ducks provided no evidence that breeding success in year t influenced dispersal distance between t and t + 1. 3. Breeding dispersal distances (year t to t + 1) of pochards and tufted ducks were associated with a delay in relative nest initiation dates in year t + 1. The delay was greater for pochards (c. 4 days) than for tufted ducks (c. 2 days) when females dispersed > 0.8 km. 4. Northern shovelers and tufted ducks moved from a large island to small islands at low water levels and from small islands to the large island at high water levels before the construction of elevated small islands (1960-82). Following this habitat management (1983-94), breeding fidelity was extremely high and not influenced by water level in the marsh for either species. 5. Because pochard nesting habitats in black-headed gull colonies were saturated during the entire study period, nesting females moved into and out of colonies with similar probabilities. Local survival probabilities and incubation body masses were higher for both yearlings (SY) and adults (ASY) nesting within gull colonies, suggesting that these females were of better quality than females nesting outside of the colonies. 6. Tufted ducks showed higher probabilities of moving from islands to emergent marshes when water levels were higher both before and after habitat management. However, rates of movement for a given water level were higher during the period before management than after. 7. Both pochards and tufted ducks exhibited asymmetric movement with respect to proximity to water, with higher movement probabilities to near-water nesting locations than away from these locations. 8. Multistate capture-recapture models provided analyses that were useful in investigating sources of variation in breeding dispersal probabilities.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00698.x","usgsCitation":"Blums, P., Nichols, J., Lindberg, M.S., Hines, J., and Mednis, A., 2003, Factors affecting breeding dispersal of European ducks on Engure Marsh, Latvia: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 72, no. 2, p. 292-307, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00698.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"292","endPage":"307","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2003.00698.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdf32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blums, Peter","contributorId":25652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blums","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindberg, M. S.","contributorId":94413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mednis, Aivars","contributorId":73695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mednis","given":"Aivars","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224234,"text":"5224234 - 2003 - Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-08T18:42:08.756109","indexId":"5224234","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:42","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria","title":"Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria","docAbstract":"1. Most plant demographic studies follow marked individuals in permanent plots. Plots tend to be small, so detectability is assumed to be one for every individual. However, detectability could be affected by factors such as plant traits, time, space, observer, previous detection, biotic interactions, and especially by life-state. 2. We used a double-observer survey and closed population capture-recapture modelling to estimate state-specific detectability of the orchid Cleistes bifaria in a long-term study plot of 41.2 m2. Based on AICc model selection, detectability was different for each life-state and for tagged vs. previously untagged plants. There were no differences in detectability between the two observers. 3. Detectability estimates (SE) for one-leaf vegetative, two-leaf vegetative, and flowering/fruiting states correlated with mean size of these states and were 0.76 (0.05), 0.92 (0.06), and 1 (0.00), respectively, for previously tagged plants, and 0.84 (0.08), 0.75 (0.22), and 0 (0.00), respectively, for previously untagged plants. (We had insufficient data to obtain a satisfactory estimate of previously untagged flowering plants). 4. Our estimates are for a medium-sized plant in a small and intensively surveyed plot. It is possible that detectability is even lower for larger plots and smaller plants or smaller life-states (e.g. seedlings) and that detectabilities < I are widespread in plant demographic studies. 5. State-dependent detectabilities are especially worrying since they will lead to a size- or state-biased sample from the study plot. Failure to incorporate detectability into demographic estimation methods introduces a bias into most estimates of population parameters such as fecundity, recruitment, mortality, and transition rates between life-states. We illustrate this by a simple example using a matrix model, where a hypothetical population was stable but, due to imperfect detection, wrongly projected to be declining at a rate of 8% per year. 6. Almost all plant demographic studies are based on models for discrete states. State and size are important predictors both for demographic rates and detectability. We suggest that even in studies based on small plots, state- or size-specific detectability should be estimated at least at some point to avoid biased inference about the dynamics of the population sampled.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00759.x","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., and Gregg, K., 2003, Effects of life-state on detectability in a demographic study of the terrestrial orchid Cleistes bifaria: Journal of Ecology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 265-273, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00759.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"273","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00759.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611cb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, M.","contributorId":46637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kery","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gregg, K.B.","contributorId":34224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224239,"text":"5224239 - 2003 - Normality of raw data in general linear models: The most widespread myth in statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-02T10:36:54","indexId":"5224239","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:42","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1121,"text":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Normality of raw data in general linear models: The most widespread myth in statistics","docAbstract":"In years of statistical consulting for ecologists and wildlife biologists, by far the most common misconception we have come across has been the one about normality in general linear models. These comprise a very large part of the statistical models used in ecology and include t tests, simple and multiple linear regression, polynomial regression, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and covariance (ANCOVA). There is a widely held belief that the normality assumption pertains to the raw data rather than to the model residuals. We suspect that this error may also occur in countless published studies, whenever the normality assumption is tested prior to analysis. This may lead to the use of nonparametric alternatives (if there are any), when parametric tests would indeed be appropriate, or to use of transformations of raw data, which may introduce hidden assumptions such as multiplicative effects on the natural scale in the case of log-transformed data. Our aim here is to dispel this myth. We very briefly describe relevant theory for two cases of general linear models to show that the residuals need to be normally distributed if tests requiring normality are to be used, such as t and F tests. We then give two examples demonstrating that the distribution of the response variable may be nonnormal, and yet the residuals are well behaved. We do not go into the issue of how to test normality; instead we display the distributions of response variables and residuals graphically.","language":"English","doi":"10.1890/0012-9623(2003)84[92:NORDIG]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Kery, M., and Hatfield, J.S., 2003, Normality of raw data in general linear models: The most widespread myth in statistics: Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, v. 84, no. 2, p. 92-94, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2003)84[92:NORDIG]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478325,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2003)84[92:nordig]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":195897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":" 84","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696e40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kery, Marc","contributorId":168361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kery","given":"Marc","affiliations":[{"id":12551,"text":"Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":341001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":95187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224216,"text":"5224216 - 2003 - Differences in distribution of modified basins and ducks relative to roadside transects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-08T09:37:41","indexId":"5224216","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:41","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in distribution of modified basins and ducks relative to roadside transects","docAbstract":"Wetland basins in the Prairie Pothole Region of the U.S. are commonly modified by excavation (e.g., roadside ditches, stock dugouts), partial drainage (ditching), and diking. Differences in the distribution of modified wetlands may affect the predictive accuracy of waterfowl survey data if such wetlands are not distributed randomly in the landscape and if waterfowl are not distributed equally among them. We used data collected on thirty-eight 40-km2 plots in North Dakota to examine the distribution of modified basins relative to roadside transects and their use by five species of dabbling ducks in 1995. The 800-m-wide transects were subdivided into an inner 400-m transect, centered on the road, and the remaining outer transect area. We compared the distribution of modified and natural wetland basins among three sample areas: 1) the inner 400-m wide roadside transect area, 2) the outer transect area, and 3) the remaining area within the 40-km2 plot that was outside of the transects (outer plot). Duck use was compared between the two transect areas. The plots contained 20,582 basins, of which 88.5% were unmodified, 7.5% were excavated, 3.7% were partially drained, and 0.2% were diked. Nearly all excavated temporary (89%) and seasonal (90%) basins occurred in the inner transect area, reflecting the high proportion of basins that would be defined as roadside ditches. Excavated semipermanent basins were more evenly distributed among the outer plot and two transect widths; these basins often were dugouts but also included roadside ditches. Partially drained and diked basins also were fairly evenly distributed among the three sample areas. Semipermanent basins had greater use by mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and northern pintails (A. acuta) when they were partially drained than when they were excavated or unmodified; pintails also had greater use of partially drained seasonal basins. Use of wetland basins by gadwall (A. strepera), blue-winged teal (A. discors), and northern shovelers (A. clypeata) did not differ among water regimes or modification. We found no evidence to indicate that duck numbers determined from standard 400-m-wide roadside transects were biased relative to the larger landscape. However, pond counts derived from such transects were biased. Correlations of duck numbers to pond counts that exclude ditches or temporary basins would poorly reflect the response of ducks to available water.","language":"English","publisher":"The Society of Wetland Scientists","doi":"10.1672/0277-5212(2003)023[0140:DIDOMB]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Austin, J.E., Guntenspergen, G.R., Sklebar, H.T., and Buhl, T., 2003, Differences in distribution of modified basins and ducks relative to roadside transects: Wetlands, v. 23, no. 1, p. 140-148, https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2003)023[0140:DIDOMB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"148","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686414","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Austin, Jane E. jaustin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane","email":"jaustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":340926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sklebar, H. Thomas","contributorId":174571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sklebar","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buhl, T.K. 0000-0001-9909-3419","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9909-3419","contributorId":83473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"T.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224219,"text":"5224219 - 2003 - Experimental lead poisoning in Turkey Vultures, Cathartes aura","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-21T18:34:08.451732","indexId":"5224219","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:41","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental lead poisoning in Turkey Vultures, Cathartes aura","docAbstract":"Lead-induced mortality appears to have been a major factor in the decline of the California condor (Gymnogyps californianus). We orally dosed turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) with BB-sized lead shot from January 1988 through July 1988 to determine physiologic response (delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase inhibition, erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels, anemia), diagnostic tissue lead concentrations (blood, liver, and kidney), and comparative sensitivity of this species. Two turkey vultures died and two became so intoxicated they were euthanized. Overall, responses of measured parameters were comparable to other species exposed to lead although there was considerable individual variation. Survival time (143–211 days), even with the large numbers of shot and constant redosing, was much longer than reported for other species of birds, suggesting considerable tolerance by turkey vultures to the deleterious effects of lead ingestion. Based on these observations, turkey vultures appear to be poor models for assessing the risk of lead poisoning to California condors or predicting their physiologic response.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-39.1.96","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, J.W., Pattee, O.H., Fritts, S.H., Rattner, B., Wiemeyer, S.N., Royle, J., and Smith, M.R., 2003, Experimental lead poisoning in Turkey Vultures, Cathartes aura: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 39, no. 1, p. 96-104, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-39.1.96.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"104","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8e82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fritts, S. H.","contributorId":50233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":340938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, M. R.","contributorId":40551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":5224222,"text":"5224222 - 2003 - Effects of pulsed, high-velocity water flow on larval robust redhorse and V-lip redhorse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-29T16:13:31.293936","indexId":"5224222","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:41","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of pulsed, high-velocity water flow on larval robust redhorse and V-lip redhorse","docAbstract":"The pulsed, high-velocity water flow characteristic of water-flow patterns downstream from hydropower-generating dams has been implicated in the declining abundance of both aquatic insects and fishes in dam-regulated rivers. This study examined the effects of 0, 4, and 12 h per day of pulsed, high-velocity water flow on the egg mortality, hatch length, final length, and survival of larval robust redhorse Moxostoma robustum, a presumedly extinct species that was rediscovered in the 1990s, and V-lip redhorse M. collapsum (previously synonomized with the silver redhorse M. anisurum) over a 3–5 week period in three separate experiments. Twelve 38.0-L aquaria (four per treatment) were modified to simulate pulsed, high-velocity water flow (>35 cm/s) and stable, low-velocity water flow (<10 cm/s). Temperature, dissolved oxygen, zooplankton density, and water quality variables were kept the same across treatments. Fertilized eggs were placed in gravel nests in each aquarium. Hatch success was estimated visually at greater than 90%, and the mean larval length at 24 h posthatch was similar in each experiment. After emergence from the gravel nest, larvae exposed to 4 and 12 h of pulsed, high-velocity water flow grew significantly more slowly and had lower survival than those in the 0-h treatment. These results demonstrate that the altered water-flow patterns that typically occur when water is released during hydropower generation can have negative effects on the growth and survival of larval catostomid suckers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0084:EOPHVW>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Weyers, R., Jennings, C., and Freeman, M.C., 2003, Effects of pulsed, high-velocity water flow on larval robust redhorse and V-lip redhorse: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 132, no. 1, p. 84-91, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2003)132<0084:EOPHVW>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"91","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611ab6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weyers, R.S.","contributorId":102603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weyers","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A.","contributorId":38504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224200,"text":"5224200 - 2003 - Concentrations of metals in feathers and blood of nestling Black-Crowned Night-Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) in Chesapeake and Delaware Bays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-19T15:38:19.198816","indexId":"5224200","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:41","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations of metals in feathers and blood of nestling Black-Crowned Night-Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) in Chesapeake and Delaware Bays","docAbstract":"Over the past decade, destruction and degradation of wetland habitat has contributed to the decline of wading bird colonies on the Atlantic Coast. In 1998, an initial assessment of the possible contribution of metal pollution to declining heron populations in Chesapeake and Delaware Bays was conducted. Study sites included two heronries in industrialized locations (Pea Patch Island, DE and Baltimore Harbor, MD), and a reference site (Holland Island) remotely located in the southern Chesapeake Bay. Concentrations of 19 metals, metalloids, and trace elements were examined in blood and breast feathers of 14-16 day old nestling black-crowned night-herons. Metal concentrations in blood were low and showed few site differences, though mercury was elevated at Pea Patch Island as compared to other sites. In feathers, metal concentrations appeared to be in the low to moderate range at all sites, though limited data exist for interpreting pollutant concentrations in feathers of nestling wading birds. Where differences were detected, concentrations at Pea Patch Island were consistently greater than those at Baltimore Harbor and Holland Island. Feathers collected at Pea Patch Island had significantly greater concentrations of aluminum, barium, iron, lead, magnesium, and manganese, but were generally found to be within the range of concentrations detected in other nestling birds, where that information was available. Based on these results, metal pollution does not appear to be an immediate threat to BCNH colonies at these two locations, though future monitoring of some elements (Pb, Mn, and Al) may be warranted.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00128-002-0203-6","usgsCitation":"Golden, N.H., Rattner, B., McGowan, P.C., Parsons, K., and Ottinger, M.A., 2003, Concentrations of metals in feathers and blood of nestling Black-Crowned Night-Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) in Chesapeake and Delaware Bays: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 70, no. 2, p. 385-393, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-002-0203-6.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"393","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387241,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a50d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golden, N. H.","contributorId":55541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":340879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":340882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGowan, P. C.","contributorId":67191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGowan","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parsons, K.C.","contributorId":60743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ottinger, M. A.","contributorId":99078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ottinger","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224229,"text":"5224229 - 2003 - Estimating abundance from repeated presence-absence data or point counts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"5224229","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:41","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating abundance from repeated presence-absence data or point counts","docAbstract":"We describe an approach for estimating occupancy rate or the proportion of area occupied when heterogeneity in detection probability exists as a result of variation in abundance of the organism under study. The key feature of such problems, which we exploit, is that variation in abundance induces variation in detection probability. Thus, heterogeneity in abundance can be modeled as heterogeneity in detection probability. Moreover, this linkage between heterogeneity in abundance and heterogeneity in detection probability allows one to exploit a heterogeneous detection probability model to estimate the underlying distribution of abundances. Therefore, our method allows estimation of abundance from repeated observations of the presence or absence of animals without having to uniquely mark individuals in the population.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6027_Royle.pdf","usgsCitation":"Royle, J., and Nichols, J., 2003, Estimating abundance from repeated presence-absence data or point counts: Ecology, v. 84, no. 3, p. 777-790.","productDescription":"777-790","startPage":"777","endPage":"790","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17139,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084%5B0777%3AEAFRPA%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"84","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc99d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":340971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224366,"text":"5224366 - 2003 - Survival and recovery rates of American woodcock banded in Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-16T10:05:11","indexId":"5224366","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:13:22","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and recovery rates of American woodcock banded in Michigan","docAbstract":"American woodcock (Scolopax minor) population indices have declined since U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) monitoring began in 1968. Management to stop and/or reverse this population trend has been hampered by the lack of recent information on woodcock population parameters. Without recent information on survival rate trends, managers have had to assume that the recent declines in recruitment indices are the only parameter driving woodcock declines. Using program MARK, we estimated annual survival and recovery rates of adult and juvenile American woodcock, and estimated summer survival of local (young incapable of sustained flight) woodcock banded in Michigan between 1978 and 1998. We constructed a set of candidate models from a global model with age (local, juvenile, adult) and time (year)-dependent survival and recovery rates to no age or time-dependent survival and recovery rates. Five models were supported by the data, with all models suggesting that survival rates differed among age classes, and 4 models had survival rates that were constant over time. The fifth model suggested that juvenile and adult survival rates were linear on a logit scale over time. Survival rates averaged over likelihood-weighted model results were 0.8784 +/- 0.1048 (SE) for locals, 0.2646 +/- 0.0423 (SE) for juveniles, and 0.4898 +/- 0.0329 (SE) for adults. Weighted average recovery rates were 0.0326 +/- 0.0053 (SE) for juveniles and 0.0313 +/- 0.0047 (SE) for adults. Estimated differences between our survival estimates and those from prior years were small, and our confidence around those differences was variable and uncertain. juvenile survival rates were low. ","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3802780","usgsCitation":"Krementz, D.G., Hines, J., and Luukkonen, D., 2003, Survival and recovery rates of American woodcock banded in Michigan: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 67, no. 2, p. 398-407, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802780.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"398","endPage":"407","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688d42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krementz, David G. 0000-0002-5661-4541 dkrementz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-4541","contributorId":2827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krementz","given":"David","email":"dkrementz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":341431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":341430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luukkonen, David R.","contributorId":111336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luukkonen","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":341432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5211236,"text":"5211236 - 2003 - Ecosystem-level consequences of migratory faunal depletion caused by dams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:25","indexId":"5211236","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"35","title":"Ecosystem-level consequences of migratory faunal depletion caused by dams","docAbstract":"Humans have been damming rivers for millennia, and our more ambitious efforts over the past century have arguably altered river ecosystems more extensively than any other anthropogenic activity. Effects of damming on river biota include decimation of migratory fauna (e.g., diadromous and potamodromous fishes and crustaceans), lost fisheries, and imperilment of obligate riverine taxa. Although effects of dams on biota have been widely documented, ecosystem-level consequences of faunal depletion caused by dams are only beginning to be appreciated. We discuss consequences to river ecosystems of altering distributions and abundances of migratory fauna, which often provide trophic subsidies and may strongly influence the structure of local habitats and communities. It is well documented that anadromous fishes can provide a major input of nutrients and energy to freshwater systems when spawning adults return from the sea. Other less-studied taxa that migrate between distinct portions of riverine systems (e.g., acipencerids, catostomids, and prochilodontids) may similarly provide trophic transfers within undammed river systems, in addition to modifying local communities and habitats through feeding and spawning activities. Experimental faunal exclusions have demonstrated strong potential effects of some amphidromous shrimps and potamodromous fishes on benthic organic matter and algal and invertebrate communities. Depletion of these animals above dams is likely to significantly affect ecosystem processes such as primary production and detrital processing. The decline of freshwater mussels isolated by dams from their migratory fish hosts has likely lowered stream productivity, nutrient retention and benthic stability. Greater focus on effects of dams on ecosystem processes, as mediated by faunal change, would improve our ability to assess the costs and benefits of future river management strategies.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biodiversity, Status and Conservation of the World?s Shads","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","collaboration":"Shad 2001: A Conference on the Status and Conservation of Shads Worldwide. Baltimore, Maryland USA. 20-23 May, 2001. PDF on file: 6084_Freeman.pdf","usgsCitation":"Freeman, M.C., Pringle, C.M., Greathouse, E., and Freeman, B.J., 2003, Ecosystem-level consequences of migratory faunal depletion caused by dams, chap. of Biodiversity, Status and Conservation of the World?s Shads, p. 255-266.","startPage":"255","endPage":"266","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202978,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625984","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Limburg, K.E.","contributorId":103219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Limburg","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507839,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waldman, J.R.","contributorId":85919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldman","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507838,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":330461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pringle, C. M.","contributorId":72902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pringle","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Greathouse, E.A.","contributorId":82034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greathouse","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, B. J.","contributorId":8031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5211194,"text":"5211194 - 2003 - Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5211194,"text":"5211194 - 2003 - Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates","indexId":"5211194","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"23","title":"Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T15:33:57","indexId":"5211194","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"23","title":"Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates","docAbstract":"Physical and natural factors have long been known to influence the toxicity of environmental contaminants to vertebrates. The majority of data that address this topic have been derived from studies on fish, highly inbred laboratory rodents, and man.' The degree to which these factors modify toxicity has principally been elucidated by controlled laboratory experiments. Until recently, the significance of such effects to free-ranging vertebrates Figure 23.1 was frequently overlooked in ecological risk assessments.' Drawing upon controlled experiments and observational science, we overview environmental factors that influence pollutant toxicity in fish and wildlife, and present some perspective on their ecotoxicological significance.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lewis Publishers","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","doi":"10.1201/9781420032505.ch23","isbn":"1-56670-546-0","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B.A., and Heath, A.G., 2003, Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, chap. 23 of Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition, p. 679-699, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420032505.ch23.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"679","endPage":"699","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"2nd","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6023f9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":507724,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":507723,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, G. Allen Jr.","contributorId":111752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Allen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507725,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cairns, John Jr.","contributorId":111897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cairns","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507726,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":330367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heath, Alan G.","contributorId":86073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heath","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5211204,"text":"5211204 - 2003 - Population modeling","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5211204,"text":"5211204 - 2003 - Population modeling","indexId":"5211204","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"35","title":"Population modeling"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T16:11:09","indexId":"5211204","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"35","title":"Population modeling","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lewis Publishers","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","doi":"10.1201/9781420032505.ch35","isbn":"1-56670-546-0","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J.R., and Pendleton, G.W., 2003, Population modeling, chap. 35 of Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition, p. 925-949, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420032505.ch35.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"925","endPage":"949","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203115,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"2nd","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683e64","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":507764,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":507763,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, G. Allen Jr.","contributorId":111752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Allen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507765,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cairns, John Jr.","contributorId":111897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cairns","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507766,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":138949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":330386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pendleton, Grey W.","contributorId":191446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Grey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":330385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5211354,"text":"5211354 - 2003 - A critical look at national monitoring programs for birds and other wildlife species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5211354","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A critical look at national monitoring programs for birds and other wildlife species","docAbstract":"Concerns?about declines in numerous taxa have created agreat deal of interest in survey development. Because birds have traditionally been monitored by a variety of methods, bird surveys form natural models for development of surveys for other taxa. Here I suggest that most bird surveys are not appropriate models for survey design. Most lack important design components associated with estimation of population parameters at sample sites or with sampling over space, leading to estimates that may be biased, I discuss the limitations of national bird monitoring programs designed to monitor population size. Although these surveys are often analyzed, careful consideration must be given to factors that may bias estimates but that cannot be evaluated within the survey. Bird surveys with appropriate designs have generally been developed as part of management programs that have specific information needs. Experiences gained from bird surveys provide important information for development of surveys for other taxa, and statistical developments in estimation of population sizes from counts provide new approaches to overcoming the limitations evident in many bird surveys. Design of surveys is a collaborative effort, requiring input from biologists, statisticians, and the managers who will use the information from the surveys.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Monitoring trends in bat populations of the United States and Territories: Problems and Prospects","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","collaboration":" PDF on file: 7081_Sauer.pdf and 7081_Sauer_all.pdf for whole pub 9.5MB ","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., 2003, A critical look at national monitoring programs for birds and other wildlife species, chap. of Monitoring trends in bat populations of the United States and Territories: Problems and Prospects, p. 119-126.","productDescription":"viii, 274","startPage":"119","endPage":"126","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af610","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508019,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bogon, M.A.","contributorId":112714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogon","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":508020,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5200279,"text":"5200279 - 2003 - Behavioral profiles of the captive juvenile whooping crane (Grus americana) as an indicator of reintroduction behavior and survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:17","indexId":"5200279","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Behavioral profiles of the captive juvenile whooping crane (Grus americana) as an indicator of reintroduction behavior and survival","docAbstract":"Predation by bobcats (Lynx rufus) has been the greatest cause of mortality of whooping cranes (Grus americana) in the reintroduced population in Florida. This study investigated whether the behavior of juvenile cranes during captive rearing and shortly after release can be used to predict their chances of survival once released in the wild. This study also examined differences in behavior based on rearing treatments and whether differences observed during rearing continued at the release site. Experimental rearing treatments were parent reared (PR), hand reared (RR), and hand reared with exercise (HRE). Two annual cycles of cranes were observed from hatch to 20 weeks of age in captivity (n=56 birds). Post-release bebavioral data were collected at the release site for a minimum of two weeks (n=34 birds), with mortality data collected up to one year post release (n=38 birds). Behavioral time budgets were compared using repeated measures ANOVA. Logistic regression was used to build a model to identify behaviors that were associated with first-year survival. During rearing, PR birds were the most vigilant. There were no behavioral differences between HR and HRE birds. Generally, rearing treatments had few long-term effects on the post-release behavior of the birds. The main behavioral differences during rearing and after release were the frequency of bouts and the percentage of time spent performing different behaviors. This may be attributed to foraging strategies and adaptation from captive conditions to the wild. Survival was not related to rearing treatment. Fifty-five percent of the birds survived the first year post-release based upon data pooled over two years. During rearing, the frequency of foraging bouts was positively correlated to survival. Survival was negatively correlated to the frequency of walking bouts during rearing, and release weight of the birds. These correlations accounted for 32 percent of the variability in survival. At the release site, 20 percent of post-release survival was negatively correlated with the frequency of non vigilant bouts. This study suggests that none of the rearing treatments confer a survival advantage during the first year post release, however, survival may be improved by encouraging additional foraging opportunities during rearing.","language":"English","publisher":"Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Maryland, College Park","collaboration":"OCLC: 53887105 Partially funded by Patuxent. PWRC staff, Gee, Hatfield and Vyas, on the Advisory Committee. Photocopy. UMI Dissertation Services, 2003. 22 cm","usgsCitation":"Kreger, M., 2003, Behavioral profiles of the captive juvenile whooping crane (Grus americana) as an indicator of reintroduction behavior and survival, xii, 224.","productDescription":"xii, 224","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62ba4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kreger, M.D.","contributorId":25664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreger","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":85671,"text":"85671 - 2003 - A mining impacted stream: Exposure and effects of lead and other trace elements on tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) nesting in the Upper Arkansas River Basin, Colorado","indexId":"85671","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"28","title":"A mining impacted stream: Exposure and effects of lead and other trace elements on tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) nesting in the Upper Arkansas River Basin, Colorado"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":5200050,"text":"5200050 - 1995 - Handbook of ecotoxicology","indexId":"5200050","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":5210304,"text":"5210304 - 2003 - Petroleum and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","indexId":"5210304","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"14","title":"Petroleum and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":5211194,"text":"5211194 - 2003 - Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates","indexId":"5211194","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"23","title":"Environmental factors affecting contaminant toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":5211196,"text":"5211196 - 2003 - Wildlife toxicity testing","indexId":"5211196","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"4","title":"Wildlife toxicity testing"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":5211197,"text":"5211197 - 2003 - Toxicological significance of soil ingestion by wild and domestic animals","indexId":"5211197","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"6","title":"Toxicological significance of soil ingestion by wild and domestic animals"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":6},{"subject":{"id":5211198,"text":"5211198 - 2003 - Bioindicators of contaminant exposure and effect in aquatic and terrestrial monitoring","indexId":"5211198","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"11","title":"Bioindicators of contaminant exposure and effect in aquatic and terrestrial monitoring"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":7},{"subject":{"id":5211199,"text":"5211199 - 2003 - Wildlife toxicology of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides","indexId":"5211199","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"12","title":"Wildlife toxicology of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":8},{"subject":{"id":5211200,"text":"5211200 - 2003 - Lead in the environment","indexId":"5211200","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"15","title":"Lead in the environment"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":9},{"subject":{"id":5211201,"text":"5211201 - 2003 - Ecotoxicology of mercury","indexId":"5211201","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"16","title":"Ecotoxicology of mercury"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":10},{"subject":{"id":5211203,"text":"5211203 - 2003 - White phosphorus at Eagle River Flats, Alaska: A case history of waterfowl mortality","indexId":"5211203","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"27","title":"White phosphorus at Eagle River Flats, Alaska: A case history of waterfowl mortality"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":11},{"subject":{"id":5211204,"text":"5211204 - 2003 - Population modeling","indexId":"5211204","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"35","title":"Population modeling"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":12},{"subject":{"id":5211205,"text":"5211205 - 2003 - A review of the role of contaminants in amphibian declines","indexId":"5211205","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"40","title":"A review of the role of contaminants in amphibian declines"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":13},{"subject":{"id":5211207,"text":"5211207 - 2003 - Animal species endangerment: The role of environmental pollution","indexId":"5211207","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"45","title":"Animal species endangerment: The role of environmental pollution"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5200177,"text":"5200177 - 2003 - Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","indexId":"5200177","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition"},"id":14}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T14:51:28","indexId":"5200177","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":13,"text":"Handbook"},"title":"Handbook of ecotoxicology, second edition","docAbstract":"Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Second Edition focuses on toxic substances and how they affect ecosystems worldwide. It presents methods for quantifying and measuring ecotoxicological effects in the field and in the lab, as well as methods for estimating, predicting, and modeling in ecotoxicology studies.
Completely revised and updated with 18 new chapters, this second edition includes contributions from over 75 international experts. Also, a Technical Review Board reviewed all manuscripts for accuracy and currency.
This authoritative work is the definitive reference for students, researchers, consultants, and other professionals in the environmental sciences, toxicology, chemistry, biology, and ecology - in academia, industry, and government.
Since computers became widely available in the early 1960s, seismologists have been using them for data acquisition, processing, and analysis, as well as theoretical computation and modeling. For example, the book by Doornbos (1988) contains a collection of seismological algorithms with the corresponding computer programs available on tape or disk from the World Data Center A for Solid Earth Geophysics. The introduction of personal computers in the early 1980s further revolutionized the use of computers for scientific research. Instead of expensive mainframe computers that required a large staff to operate, inexpensive personal computers allowed creative applications to be implemented by individuals with a shoestring budget.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0074-6142(03)80281-4","usgsCitation":"Lee, W., 2003, The IASPEI Seismological Software Library: International Geophysics, v. 81, no. B, p. 1605-1607, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-6142(03)80281-4.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1605","endPage":"1607","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"B","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70216681,"text":"70216681 - 2003 - Coupling ice-sheet and climate models for simulation of former ice sheets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-27T20:32:16.20279","indexId":"70216681","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-02T14:28:15","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5919,"text":"Developments in Quaternary Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupling ice-sheet and climate models for simulation of former ice sheets","docAbstract":"This chapter explores the development of coupled climate and ice-sheet models over the past two decades, discusses the current technical and physical capabilities of models, and identifies future work for developing a better understanding of ice-climate events that have punctuated Earth history. The chapter also illustrates the complex behavior of the climate system and the modeling challenges posed by the observations. Climate and ice-sheet models continue to improve, both in terms of model physics and technical capabilities. Regional climate model simulations should be carried out for each temporal snapshot or matrix element for improved mass–balance calculation over the ice sheets. Fully coupled atmosphere-ocean-cryosphere-land surface models are required for addressing a number of paleoclimatic puzzles, particularly with respect to millennial climate variability. The concerted effort to better understand West Antarctic Ice Sheet dynamics, and the development of subglacial hydrological models should lead to improvements in the next generation of ice-sheet models and help to address millennial-scale variability in ice-sheet/climate models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01006-6","usgsCitation":"Marshall, S.J., Pollard, D., Hostetler, S.W., and Clark, P., 2003, Coupling ice-sheet and climate models for simulation of former ice sheets: Developments in Quaternary Sciences, v. 1, p. 105-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1571-0866(03)01006-6.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"126","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, Shawn J.","contributorId":75368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pollard, David","contributorId":245306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollard","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hostetler, Steven W. 0000-0003-2272-8302 swhostet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":3249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"Steven","email":"swhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, Peter U.","contributorId":68994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Peter U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70205503,"text":"70205503 - 2003 - Examining the relationship between environmental variables and ordination axes using latent variables and structural equation modelling","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70205503,"text":"70205503 - 2003 - Examining the relationship between environmental variables and ordination axes using latent variables and structural equation modelling","indexId":"70205503","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"chapter":"7","title":"Examining the relationship between environmental variables and ordination axes using latent variables and structural equation modelling"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70006389,"text":"70006389 - 2003 - Structural Equation Modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology","indexId":"70006389","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Structural Equation Modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70006389,"text":"70006389 - 2003 - Structural Equation Modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology","indexId":"70006389","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"title":"Structural Equation Modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-01T11:07:07","indexId":"70205503","displayToPublicDate":"2006-12-31T14:42:17","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"7","title":"Examining the relationship between environmental variables and ordination axes using latent variables and structural equation modelling","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Structural equation modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","isbn":"9780521104029","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., 2003, Examining the relationship between environmental variables and ordination axes using latent variables and structural equation modelling, chap. 7 of Structural equation modeling: Applications in ecological and evolutionary biology research, p. 171-193.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"193","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367561,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":367560,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/life-sciences/ecology-and-conservation/structural-equation-modeling-applications-ecological-and-evolutionary-biology"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":771434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":76890,"text":"ofr2003216 - 2003 - Processing large remote sensing image data sets on Beowulf clusters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T14:26:01","indexId":"ofr2003216","displayToPublicDate":"2006-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-216","title":"Processing large remote sensing image data sets on Beowulf clusters","docAbstract":"High-performance computing is often concerned with the speed at which floating- point calculations can be performed. The architectures of many parallel computers and/or their network topologies are based on these investigations. Often, benchmarks resulting from these investigations are compiled with little regard to how a large dataset would move about in these systems. This part of the Beowulf study addresses that concern by looking at specific applications software and system-level modifications. Applications include an implementation of a smoothing filter for time-series data, a parallel implementation of the decision tree algorithm used in the Landcover Characterization project, a parallel Kriging algorithm used to fit point data collected in the field on invasive species to a regular grid, and modifications to the Beowulf project's resampling algorithm to handle larger, higher resolution datasets at a national scale. Systems-level investigations include a feasibility study on Flat Neighborhood Networks and modifications of that concept with Parallel File Systems.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003216","usgsCitation":"Steinwand, D.R., Maddox, B., Beckmann, T., and Schmidt, G., 2003, Processing large remote sensing image data sets on Beowulf clusters: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-216, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003216.","productDescription":"27 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":294,"text":"Geography","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338483,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0216/OFR03-216.pdf"},{"id":8213,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db69812a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steinwand, Daniel R. steinwand@usgs.gov","contributorId":3224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinwand","given":"Daniel","email":"steinwand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":288092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maddox, Brian","contributorId":54637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maddox","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beckmann, Tim 0000-0002-2557-0638","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-0638","contributorId":87995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckmann","given":"Tim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, Gail 0000-0002-9684-8158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-8158","contributorId":29086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Gail","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":288093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70140555,"text":"70140555 - 2003 - Predicting toxic effects of metals on aquatic biota in mineralized areas using the biotic ligand model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T10:30:05","indexId":"70140555","displayToPublicDate":"2006-01-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Predicting toxic effects of metals on aquatic biota in mineralized areas using the biotic ligand model","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"7th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage","conferenceDate":"03/26/2006","conferenceLocation":"St Louis, MO","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mining and Reclamation","publisherLocation":"Lexington, KY","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.S., Ranville, J., Church, S.E., Fey, D.L., Wanty, R.B., and Crock, J.G., 2003, Predicting toxic effects of metals on aquatic biota in mineralized areas using the biotic ligand model, 7th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage, St Louis, MO, 03/26/2006, p. 2055-2077.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"2055","endPage":"2077","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":297836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2ae4b08de9379b367d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ranville, James F.","contributorId":31797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ranville","given":"James F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Church, Stan E. schurch@usgs.gov","contributorId":803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"Stan","email":"schurch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crock, James G. jcrock@usgs.gov","contributorId":200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"James","email":"jcrock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":540070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":72241,"text":"ofr03467 - 2003 - Summary of synoptic sampling and tracer-injection tests in the Alamosa River basin during high-flow conditions, June 1999: A sampling analysis report for modeling reactive transport of metals for the Summitville Mine, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-17T06:25:58","indexId":"ofr03467","displayToPublicDate":"2005-09-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-467","title":"Summary of synoptic sampling and tracer-injection tests in the Alamosa River basin during high-flow conditions, June 1999: A sampling analysis report for modeling reactive transport of metals for the Summitville Mine, Colorado","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03467","usgsCitation":"Ortiz, R.F., and Ball, J.W., 2003, Summary of synoptic sampling and tracer-injection tests in the Alamosa River basin during high-flow conditions, June 1999: A sampling analysis report for modeling reactive transport of metals for the Summitville Mine, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-467, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03467.","productDescription":"54 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Rio Grande County","otherGeospatial":"Summitville Mine","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-106.6963,37.833],[-106.5868,37.8344],[-106.585,37.7483],[-106.585,37.7465],[-106.4784,37.7475],[-106.3644,37.7474],[-106.3149,37.748],[-106.2963,37.748],[-106.277,37.7481],[-106.2584,37.7481],[-106.149,37.7483],[-106.0384,37.7479],[-106.0389,37.66],[-106.0383,37.5761],[-106.0383,37.5199],[-106.0383,37.4905],[-106.0377,37.3998],[-106.1634,37.3992],[-106.1848,37.3992],[-106.2561,37.3991],[-106.3545,37.3988],[-106.3632,37.3983],[-106.3806,37.3983],[-106.4582,37.3976],[-106.4872,37.397],[-106.6013,37.3965],[-106.6673,37.3957],[-106.6755,37.3957],[-106.7079,37.3946],[-106.7082,37.4218],[-106.7084,37.4435],[-106.7084,37.4476],[-106.7087,37.4843],[-106.7107,37.5732],[-106.7128,37.662],[-106.6918,37.6621],[-106.6932,37.7509],[-106.6963,37.833]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Rio Grande\",\"state\":\"CO\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69896e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ortiz, Roderick F. rfortiz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"Roderick","email":"rfortiz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ball, James W.","contributorId":38946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":72240,"text":"ofr03466 - 2003 - Summary of synoptic sampling and tracer-injection tests in the Alamosa River Basin during low-flow conditions, October 1998: A sampling analysis report for modeling reactive transport of metals for the Summitville Mine, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-17T06:27:10","indexId":"ofr03466","displayToPublicDate":"2005-09-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-466","title":"Summary of synoptic sampling and tracer-injection tests in the Alamosa River Basin during low-flow conditions, October 1998: A sampling analysis report for modeling reactive transport of metals for the Summitville Mine, Colorado","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr03466","usgsCitation":"Ortiz, R.F., and Ball, J.W., 2003, Summary of synoptic sampling and tracer-injection tests in the Alamosa River Basin during low-flow conditions, October 1998: A sampling analysis report for modeling reactive transport of metals for the Summitville Mine, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-466, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03466.","productDescription":"48 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Rio Grande County","otherGeospatial":"Summitville Mine","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-106.6963,37.833],[-106.5868,37.8344],[-106.585,37.7483],[-106.585,37.7465],[-106.4784,37.7475],[-106.3644,37.7474],[-106.3149,37.748],[-106.2963,37.748],[-106.277,37.7481],[-106.2584,37.7481],[-106.149,37.7483],[-106.0384,37.7479],[-106.0389,37.66],[-106.0383,37.5761],[-106.0383,37.5199],[-106.0383,37.4905],[-106.0377,37.3998],[-106.1634,37.3992],[-106.1848,37.3992],[-106.2561,37.3991],[-106.3545,37.3988],[-106.3632,37.3983],[-106.3806,37.3983],[-106.4582,37.3976],[-106.4872,37.397],[-106.6013,37.3965],[-106.6673,37.3957],[-106.6755,37.3957],[-106.7079,37.3946],[-106.7082,37.4218],[-106.7084,37.4435],[-106.7084,37.4476],[-106.7087,37.4843],[-106.7107,37.5732],[-106.7128,37.662],[-106.6918,37.6621],[-106.6932,37.7509],[-106.6963,37.833]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Rio Grande\",\"state\":\"CO\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698963","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ortiz, Roderick F. rfortiz@usgs.gov","contributorId":1126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"Roderick","email":"rfortiz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ball, James W.","contributorId":38946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70425,"text":"ofr2003208 - 2003 - Extending Beowulf Clusters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T14:24:40","indexId":"ofr2003208","displayToPublicDate":"2005-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-208","title":"Extending Beowulf Clusters","docAbstract":"Beowulf clusters can provide a cost-effective way to compute numerical models and process large amounts of remote sensing image data. Usually a Beowulf cluster is designed to accomplish a specific set of processing goals, and processing is very efficient when the problem remains inside the constraints of the original design. There are cases, however, when one might wish to compute a problem that is beyond the capacity of the local Beowulf system. In these cases, spreading the problem to multiple clusters or to other machines on the network may provide a cost-effective solution.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2003208","usgsCitation":"Steinwand, D.R., Maddox, B., Beckmann, T., and Hamer, G., 2003, Extending Beowulf Clusters: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-208, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2003208.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":185675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9349,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0208/","size":"191","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":338482,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0208/OFR03-208.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8b67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steinwand, Daniel R. steinwand@usgs.gov","contributorId":3224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinwand","given":"Daniel","email":"steinwand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maddox, Brian","contributorId":54637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maddox","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beckmann, Tim 0000-0002-2557-0638","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-0638","contributorId":87995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckmann","given":"Tim","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hamer, George","contributorId":64730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamer","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53227,"text":"ofr03364 - 2003 - Cx-02 Program, workshop on modeling complex systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:40:04.355238","indexId":"ofr03364","displayToPublicDate":"2004-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-364","title":"Cx-02 Program, workshop on modeling complex systems","docAbstract":"This publication contains the abstracts and program for the workshop on complex systems that was held on November 19-21, 2002, in Reno, Nevada.
\nComplex systems are ubiquitous within the realm of the earth sciences. Geological systems consist of a multiplicity of linked components with nested feedback loops; the dynamics of these systems are non-linear, iterative, multi-scale, and operate far from equilibrium. That notwithstanding, It appears that, with the exception of papers on seismic studies, geology and geophysics work has been disproportionally underrepresented at regional and national meetings on complex systems relative to papers in the life sciences. This is somewhat puzzling because geologists and geophysicists are, in many ways, preadapted to thinking of complex system mechanisms. Geologists and geophysicists think about processes involving large volumes of rock below the sunlit surface of Earth, the accumulated consequence of processes extending hundreds of millions of years in the past. Not only do geologists think in the abstract by virtue of the vast time spans, most of the evidence is out-of-sight.
\nA primary goal of this workshop is to begin to bridge the gap between the Earth sciences and life sciences through demonstration of the universality of complex systems science, both philosophically and in model structures.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03364","usgsCitation":"Mossotti, V.G., Barragan, J., and Westergard, T.D., 2003, Cx-02 Program, workshop on modeling complex systems (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-364, Readme; Report: 52 p.; Participants: DBF, CSV, FP5; Shape files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03364.","productDescription":"Readme; Report: 52 p.; Participants: DBF, CSV, FP5; Shape files","numberOfPages":"53","temporalStart":"2002-11-19","temporalEnd":"2002-11-21","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":174049,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03364.jpg"},{"id":285805,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0364/Cx-02_participants/Cx-02_participants.fp5"},{"id":285804,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0364/Cx-02_participants/Cx-02_participants.csv"},{"id":285803,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0364/Cx-02_participants/Cx-02_participants.dbf"},{"id":285808,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0364/Shape_files_Cx-02_Participants/Shape_files_Cx-02_Participants.zip"},{"id":285802,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0364/pdf/OF03-364.pdf"},{"id":285801,"rank":7,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0364/1_README.TXT"},{"id":4881,"rank":8,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0364/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ebea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mossotti, Victor G. mossotti@usgs.gov","contributorId":3494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mossotti","given":"Victor","email":"mossotti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":246987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barragan, Jo Ann","contributorId":97816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barragan","given":"Jo Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Westergard, Todd D.","contributorId":92970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westergard","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}