Health of humans, animals, plants, and ecosystems are intertwined. Disturbance tips the balance in favor of weedy species, vectors, and disease agents. Biodiversity is important to prevent imbalance in nature. However, more scholarship is needed, and there is still much more to study, understand, and manage than we currently know.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Current therapy in avian medicine and surgery","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"St. Louis, MO","doi":"10.1016/B978-1-4557-4671-2.00032-X","usgsCitation":"Olsen, G.H., Crosta, L., Gartrell, B.D., Marsh, P., and Stringfield, C.E., 2016, Conservation of avian species, chap. 23 of Current therapy in avian medicine and surgery, p. 719-748, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4557-4671-2.00032-X.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"719","endPage":"748","ipdsId":"IP-062990","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58fb1a4ce4b0c3010a8087bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203 golsen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":40918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"golsen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":692422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crosta, Lorenzo","contributorId":191236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crosta","given":"Lorenzo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gartrell, Brett D.","contributorId":10299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartrell","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marsh, Philip M.","contributorId":191237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marsh","given":"Philip M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stringfield, Cynthia E.","contributorId":191238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stringfield","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178039,"text":"70178039 - 2016 - Are we preparing the next generation of fisheries professionals to succeed in their careers?: A survey of AFS members","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T14:33:44","indexId":"70178039","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Are we preparing the next generation of fisheries professionals to succeed in their careers?: A survey of AFS members","docAbstract":"Natural resource professionals have frequently criticized universities for poorly preparing graduates to succeed in their jobs. We surveyed members of the American Fisheries Society to determine which job skills and knowledge of academic topics employers, students, and university faculty members deemed most important to early-career success of fisheries professionals. Respondents also rated proficiency of recently hired, entry-level professionals (employers) on how well their programs prepared them for career success (students and faculty) in those same job skills and academic topics. Critical thinking and written and oral communication skills topped the list of important skills and academic topics. Employers perceived recent entry-level hires to be less well-prepared to succeed in their careers than either university faculty or students. Entry-level hires with post-graduate degrees rated higher in proficiency for highly important skills and knowledge than those with bachelor's degrees. We conclude that although universities have the primary responsibility for developing critical thinking and basic communication skills of students, employers have equal or greater responsibility for enhancing skills of employees in teamwork, field techniques, and communicating with stakeholders. The American Fisheries Society can significantly contribute to the preparation of young fisheries professionals by providing opportunities for continuing education and networking with peers at professional conferences.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2016.1199218","usgsCitation":"McMullin, S.L., DiCenzo, V., Essig, R., Bonds, C., DeBruyne, R.L., Kaemingk, M.A., Mather, M.E., Myrick, C.A., Phelps, Q.E., Sutton, T.M., and Triplett, J., 2016, Are we preparing the next generation of fisheries professionals to succeed in their careers?: A survey of AFS members: Fisheries, v. 41, no. 8, p. 436-449, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2016.1199218.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"436","endPage":"449","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-069045","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5819a9c3e4b0bb36a4c9101f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMullin, Steve L.","contributorId":176514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMullin","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiCenzo, Vic","contributorId":176515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DiCenzo","given":"Vic","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Essig, Ron","contributorId":176516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Essig","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bonds, Craig","contributorId":176517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonds","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeBruyne, Robin L. 0000-0002-9232-7937 rdebruyne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9232-7937","contributorId":4936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeBruyne","given":"Robin","email":"rdebruyne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaemingk, Mark A.","contributorId":40510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaemingk","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Myrick, Christopher A.","contributorId":78559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myrick","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Phelps, Quinton E.","contributorId":173401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phelps","given":"Quinton","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27224,"text":"Big Rivers and Wetlands Field Station, Missouri Department of Conservation, Jackson, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":652644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sutton, Trent M.","contributorId":77893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sutton","given":"Trent","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Triplett, James","contributorId":93565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triplett","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70188883,"text":"70188883 - 2016 - GIS methodology for geothermal play fairway analysis: Example from the Snake River Plain volcanic province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T13:33:24","indexId":"70188883","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"GIS methodology for geothermal play fairway analysis: Example from the Snake River Plain volcanic province","docAbstract":"Play fairway analysis in geothermal exploration derives from a systematic methodology originally developed within the petroleum industry and is based on a geologic and hydrologic framework of identified geothermal systems. We are tailoring this methodology to study the geothermal resource potential of the Snake River Plain and surrounding region. This project has contributed to the success of this approach by cataloging the critical elements controlling exploitable hydrothermal systems, establishing risk matrices that evaluate these elements in terms of both probability of success and level of knowledge, and building automated tools to process results. ArcGIS was used to compile a range of different data types, which we refer to as ‘elements’ (e.g., faults, vents, heatflow…), with distinct characteristics and confidence values.
Raw data for each element were transformed into data layers with a common format. Because different data types have different uncertainties, each evidence layer had an accompanying confidence layer, which reflects spatial variations in these uncertainties. Risk maps represent the product of evidence and confidence layers, and are the basic building blocks used to construct Common Risk Segment (CRS) maps for heat, permeability, and seal. CRS maps quantify the variable risk associated with each of these critical components. In a final step, the three CRS maps were combined into a Composite Common Risk Segment (CCRS) map for analysis that reveals favorable areas for geothermal exploration.
Python scripts were developed to automate data processing and to enhance the flexibility of the data analysis. Python scripting provided the structure that makes a custom workflow possible. Nearly every tool available in the ArcGIS ArcToolbox can be executed using commands in the Python programming language. This enabled the construction of a group of tools that could automate most of the processing for the project. Currently, our tools are repeatable, scalable, modifiable, and transferrable, allowing us to automate the task of data analysis and the production of CRS and CCRS maps. Our ultimate goal is to produce a toolkit that can be imported into ArcGIS and applied to any geothermal play type, with fully tunable parameters that will allow for the production of multiple versions of the CRS and CCRS maps in order to better test for sensitivity and to validate results.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, 41st Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"41st Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering","conferenceDate":"February 22-24, 2016","conferenceLocation":"Stanford, CA","language":"English","publisher":"Stanford University","publisherLocation":"Stanford, CA","usgsCitation":"DeAngelo, J., Shervais, J.W., Glen, J.M., Nielson, D.L., Garg, S., Dobson, P., Gasperikova, E., Sonnenthal, E., Visser, C., Liberty, L.M., Siler, D., Evans, J.P., and Santellanes, S., 2016, GIS methodology for geothermal play fairway analysis: Example from the Snake River Plain volcanic province, in Proceedings, 41st Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford, CA, February 22-24, 2016, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-070241","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science 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Charles","contributorId":193562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Visser","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Liberty, Lee M.","contributorId":89631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liberty","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Siler, Drew","contributorId":193559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siler","given":"Drew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Evans, James P.","contributorId":53760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Santellanes, Sean","contributorId":193566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santellanes","given":"Sean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70189147,"text":"70189147 - 2016 - A synthesis of Jurassic and Early Cretaceous crustal evolution along the southern margin of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka microplate and implications for defining tectonic boundaries active during opening of Arctic Ocean basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-21T08:26:10","indexId":"70189147","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2626,"text":"Lithosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A synthesis of Jurassic and Early Cretaceous crustal evolution along the southern margin of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka microplate and implications for defining tectonic boundaries active during opening of Arctic Ocean basins","docAbstract":"A synthesis of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous collision-related metamorphic events in the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka microplate clarifies its likely movement history during opening of the Amerasian and Canada basins. Comprehensive tectonic reconstructions of basin opening have been problematic, in part, because of the large size of the microplate, uncertainties in the location and kinematics of structures bounding the microplate, and lack of information on its internal deformation history. Many reconstructions have treated Arctic Alaska and Chukotka as a single crustal entity largely on the basis of similarities in their Mesozoic structural trends and similar late Proterozoic and early Paleozoic histories. Others have located Chukotka near Siberia during the Triassic and Jurassic, on the basis of detrital zircon age populations, and suggested that it was Arctic Alaska alone that rotated. The Mesozoic metamorphic histories of Arctic Alaska and Chukotka can be used to test the validity of these two approaches.
A synthesis of the distribution, character, and timing of metamorphic events reveals substantial differences in the histories of the southern margin of the microplate in Chukotka in comparison to Arctic Alaska and places specific limitations on tectonic reconstructions. During the Late Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous, the Arctic Alaska margin was subducted to the south, while the Chukotka margin was the upper plate of a north-dipping subduction zone or a zone of transpression. An early Aptian blueschist- and greenschist-facies belt records the most profound crustal thickening event in the evolution of the orogen. It may have resulted in thicknesses of 50–60 km and was likely the cause of flexural subsidence in the foredeep of the Brooks Range. This event involved northern Alaska and northeasternmost Chukotka; it did not involve central and western Chukotka. Arctic Alaska and Chukotka evolved separately until the Aptian thickening event, which was likely a result of the rotation of Arctic Alaska into central and western Chukotka. In northeastern Chukotka, the thickened rocks are separated from the relatively little thickened continental crust of the remainder of Chukotka by the oceanic rocks of the Kolyuchin-Mechigmen zone. The zone is a candidate for an Early Cretaceous suture that separated most of Chukotka from northeast Chukotka and Alaska. Albian patterns of magmatism, metamorphism, and deformation in Chukotka and the Seward Peninsula may represent an example of escape tectonics that developed in response to final amalgamation of Chukotka with Eurasia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/L471.1","usgsCitation":"Till, A.B., 2016, A synthesis of Jurassic and Early Cretaceous crustal evolution along the southern margin of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka microplate and implications for defining tectonic boundaries active during opening of Arctic Ocean basins: Lithosphere, v. 8, no. 2, p. 219-237, https://doi.org/10.1130/L471.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"237","ipdsId":"IP-071854","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/l471.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Alaska-Chukotka microplate","volume":"8","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595b5798e4b0d1f9f0536db8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Till, Alison B. atill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Till","given":"Alison","email":"atill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173803,"text":"pp1812 - 2016 - Eruptive history of Mammoth Mountain and its mafic periphery, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-05T10:07:20","indexId":"pp1812","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1812","title":"Eruptive history of Mammoth Mountain and its mafic periphery, California","docAbstract":"This report and accompanying geologic map portray the eruptive history of Mammoth Mountain and a surrounding array of contemporaneous volcanic units that erupted in its near periphery. The moderately alkaline Mammoth eruptive suite, basaltic to rhyodacitic, represents a discrete new magmatic system, less than 250,000 years old, that followed decline of the subalkaline rhyolitic system active beneath adjacent Long Valley Caldera since 2.2 Ma (Hildreth, 2004). The scattered vent array of the Mammoth system, 10 by 20 km wide, is unrelated to the rangefront fault zone, and its broad nonlinear footprint ignores both Long Valley Caldera and the younger Mono-Inyo rangefront vent alignment.
\nThe Mammoth Lakes area of Mono County, owing to its spectacular alpine landscape, has become one of California’s busiest recreational playgrounds and a regional center of real estate development. The name applies to the town of Mammoth Lakes as well as to the cluster of lakes in a large cirque southwest of town that is now locally called the Lakes Basin. The town has spread around the eastern base of Mammoth Mountain, a late Pleistocene pile of silicic lava domes, and has locally expanded onto lower slopes of the mountain itself (fig. 1). Looming nearly 1,000 m above the downtown area, much of the 5-km-wide volcanic edifice has been laced with chair lifts, gondolas, ski runs, and bike paths by the Mammoth Mountain Ski Area, a corporate entity under permit from Inyo National Forest. In addition to skiing, longestablished, snowboarding and summertime mountain biking have recently become major activities. Tourism to Mammoth Lakes is estimated to be 1,300,000 visitors per winter and 1,500,000 per summer. Some of America’s top long-distance runners also live and train in Mammoth Lakes, attracted by its elevation and its variety of challenging trails.
\nAt the western base of Mammoth Mountain, along the canyon of the Middle Fork San Joaquin River, lies the Devils Postpile National Monument, a National Park Service enclave surrounded by extensive wilderness areas administered by the U.S. Forest Service. As many as 2,000 visitors per day enter the monument during the summer season. The area also contains several of the busiest trailheads in the Sierra Nevada, providing wilderness access for hikers, pack animals, mountaineers, and fishermen.
\nMany geographic names that appear in this report are informal despite having been in local use for decades. Most appear on maps distributed by the Town of Mammoth Lakes or the Mammoth Mountain Ski Area and can be found here on map figures 2–5, on several photo figures, and on the geologic map.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1812","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, Wes, and Fierstein, Judy, 2016, Eruptive history of Mammoth Mountain and its mafic periphery, California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1812, 128 p., 2 plates, scale 1:24,000, https://www.dx.doi.org/10.3133/pp1812. ","productDescription":"Pamphlet: vi, 128 p.; 2 Plates: 52.28 x 50.79 inches and 46.27 x 38.77 inches; Appendix; Metadata; Read Me; Spatial Data","numberOfPages":"138","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046206","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325069,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/pp1812_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1812 Plate 1"},{"id":325068,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/pp1812_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"27.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1812 Pamphlet"},{"id":325070,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/pp1812_plate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"4.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1812 Plate 2"},{"id":325071,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/pp1812_appendix.xls","text":"Appendix","size":"474 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"PP 1812 Appendix"},{"id":325067,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":329500,"rank":6,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/pp1812_mammothmountain.zip","text":"Database","size":"213.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"PP 1812 Spatial Data"},{"id":329501,"rank":7,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/pp1812_readme.txt","size":"3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"PP 1812 Read Me"},{"id":329502,"rank":8,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/pp1812_mammothmountain.txt","text":"Data","size":"21 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"PP 1812 Metadata"},{"id":329503,"rank":9,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1812/pp1812_topo_base_NAD83_FGDC.txt","text":"Base Map","size":"11 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"PP 1812 Base Map Metadata"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mammoth Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.27307128906249,\n 37.53368798315969\n ],\n [\n -119.27307128906249,\n 37.96477144899956\n ],\n [\n -118.52462768554686,\n 37.96477144899956\n ],\n [\n -118.52462768554686,\n 37.53368798315969\n ],\n [\n -119.27307128906249,\n 37.53368798315969\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information, Volcano Science Center - Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 910
Menlo Park, CA 94025
http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/
Surplus nitrogen (N) estimates, principal component analysis (PCA), and end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) were used in a multisite comparison contrasting the fate of N in diverse agricultural watersheds. We applied PCA-EMMA in 10 watersheds located in Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Nebraska, Mississippi, and Washington ranging in size from 5 to 1254 km2 with four nested watersheds. Watershed Surplus N was determined by subtracting estimates of crop uptake and volatilization from estimates of N input from atmospheric deposition, plant fixation, fertilizer, and manure for the period from 1987 to 2004. Watershed average Surplus N ranged from 11 to 52 kg N ha−1 and from 9 to 32% of N input. Solute concentrations in streams, overland runoff, tile drainage, groundwater (GW), streambeds, and the unsaturated zone were used in the PCA-EMMA procedure to identify independent components contributing to observed stream concentration variability and the end-members contributing to streamflow and NO3 load. End-members included dilute runoff, agricultural runoff, benthic-processing, tile drainage, and oxic and anoxic GW. Surplus N was larger in watersheds with more permeable soils (Washington, Nebraska, and Maryland) that allowed greater infiltration, and oxic GW was the primary source of NO3 load. Subsurface transport of NO3 in these watersheds resulted in some removal of Surplus N by denitrification. In less permeable watersheds (Iowa, Indiana, and Mississippi), NO3 was rapidly transported to the stream by tile drainage and runoff with little removal. Evidence of streambed removal of NO3 by benthic diatoms was observed in the larger watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies","doi":"10.2134/jeq2016.02.0071","usgsCitation":"Essaid, H.I., Baker, N.T., and McCarthy, K.A., 2016, Contrasting nitrogen fate in watersheds using agricultural and water quality information: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 45, no. 5, p. 1616-1626, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2016.02.0071.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1616","endPage":"1626","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073514","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325123,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Nebraska, Mississippi, Washington","volume":"45","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57934443e4b0eb1ce79e8be2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Essaid, Hedeff I. 0000-0003-0154-8628 hiessaid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8628","contributorId":2284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"Hedeff","email":"hiessaid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Nancy T. 0000-0002-7979-5744 ntbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-5744","contributorId":1955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Nancy","email":"ntbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCarthy, Kathleen A. mccarthy@usgs.gov","contributorId":1159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Kathleen","email":"mccarthy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":642227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175024,"text":"70175024 - 2016 - Spatial variation in biofouling of a unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) across the western basin of Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T08:58:20","indexId":"70175024","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-12T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5153,"text":"The American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variation in biofouling of a unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) across the western basin of Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Invasion of North American waters by nonnative Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis bugensishas resulted in declines of the Unionidae family of native North American mussels. Dreissenid mussels biofoul unionid mussels in large numbers and interfere with unionid movement, their acquisition of food, and the native mussels' ability to open and close their shells. Initial expectations for the Great Lakes included extirpation of unionids where they co-occurred with dreissenids, but recently adult and juvenile unionids have been found alive in several apparent refugia. These unionid populations may persist due to reduced dreissenid biofouling in these areas, and/or due to processes that remove biofoulers. For example locations inaccessible to dreissenid veligers may reduce biofouling and habitats with soft substrates may allow unionids to burrow and thus remove dreissenids. We deployed caged unionid mussels (Lampsilis siliquoidea) at 36 sites across the western basin of Lake Erie to assess spatial variation in biofouling and to identify other areas that might promote the persistence or recovery of native unionid mussels. Biofouling ranged from 0.03 – 26.33 g per mussel, reached a maximum in the immediate vicinity of the mouth of the Maumee River, and appeared to primarily consist of dreissenid mussels. A known mussel refugium in the vicinity of a power plant near the mouth of the Maumee actually exhibited very high biofouling rates, suggesting that low dreissenid colonization did not adequately explain unionid survival in this refugium. In contrast, the southern nearshore area of Lake Erie, near another refugium, had very low biofouling. A large stretch of the western basin appeared to have low biofouling rates and muddy substrates, raising the possibility that these open water areas could support remnant and returning populations of unionid mussels. Previous observations of unionid refugia and the occurrence of low biofouling rates in large areas of the western basin of Lake Erie raise the possibility that unionid and dreissenid coexistence may be possible here and elsewhere.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-176.1.119","usgsCitation":"Larson, J.H., Evans, M.A., Richardson, W.B., Schaeffer, J., and Nelson, J.C., 2016, Spatial variation in biofouling of a unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) across the western basin of Lake Erie: The American Midland Naturalist, v. 176, no. 1, p. 119-129, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-176.1.119.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"129","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060964","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325687,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.40682983398438,\n 41.83887416186901\n ],\n [\n -83.45970153808594,\n 41.80561366138045\n ],\n [\n -83.507080078125,\n 41.74723814279774\n ],\n [\n -83.53042602539062,\n 41.691886013236356\n ],\n [\n -83.47274780273438,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -83.35189819335938,\n 41.63751256767834\n ],\n [\n -83.29147338867188,\n 41.60568795028221\n ],\n [\n -83.22143554687499,\n 41.60055347660231\n ],\n [\n -83.15483093261719,\n 41.58360681482731\n ],\n [\n -83.11363220214844,\n 41.632893839650656\n ],\n [\n -83.10539245605469,\n 41.707266387090684\n ],\n [\n -83.09234619140625,\n 41.73801609883667\n ],\n [\n -83.10951232910156,\n 41.76516610331408\n ],\n [\n -83.18092346191406,\n 41.795888098191426\n ],\n [\n -83.25302124023436,\n 41.81175536180908\n ],\n [\n -83.30314636230469,\n 41.812778921301515\n ],\n [\n -83.40682983398438,\n 41.83887416186901\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"176","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db77e4b0589fa1c7eb0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larson, James H. 0000-0002-6414-9758 jhlarson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6414-9758","contributorId":4250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"James","email":"jhlarson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Mary Anne 0000-0002-1627-7210 maevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-7210","contributorId":149358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Mary","email":"maevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Anne","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richardson, William B. 0000-0002-7471-4394 wrichardson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-4394","contributorId":3277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"William","email":"wrichardson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schaeffer, Jeff 0000-0003-3430-0872 jschaeffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3430-0872","contributorId":2041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Jeff","email":"jschaeffer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nelson, John C. 0000-0002-7105-0107 jcnelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-0107","contributorId":149361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"John","email":"jcnelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174025,"text":"sir20165092 - 2016 - Potential corrosivity of untreated groundwater in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-08T09:07:37","indexId":"sir20165092","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-12T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5092","title":"Potential corrosivity of untreated groundwater in the United States","docAbstract":"Corrosive groundwater, if untreated, can dissolve lead and other metals from pipes and other components in water distribution systems. Two indicators of potential corrosivity—the Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) and the Potential to Promote Galvanic Corrosion (PPGC)—were used to identify which areas in the United States might be more susceptible to elevated concentrations of metals in household drinking water and which areas might be less susceptible. On the basis of the LSI, about one-third of the samples collected from about 21,000 groundwater sites are classified as potentially corrosive. On the basis of the PPGC, about two-thirds of the samples collected from about 27,000 groundwater sites are classified as moderate PPGC, and about one-tenth as high PPGC. Potentially corrosive groundwater occurs in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
National maps have been prepared to identify the occurrence of potentially corrosive groundwater in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Eleven states and the District of Columbia were classified as having a very high prevalence of potentially corrosive groundwater, 14 states as having a high prevalence of potentially corrosive groundwater, 19 states as having a moderate prevalence of potentially corrosive groundwater, and 6 states as having a low prevalence of potentially corrosive groundwater. These findings have the greatest implication for people dependent on untreated groundwater for drinking water, such as the 44 million people that are self-supplied and depend on domestic wells or springs for their water supply.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165092","usgsCitation":"Belitz, Kenneth, Jurgens, B.C., and Johnson, T.D., 2016, Potential corrosivity of untreated groundwater in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5092, 16 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165092. 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Denver Federal Center
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http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/
The “Judas” technique is based on the idea that a radio-tagged individual can be used to “betray” conspecifics during the course of its routine social behavior. The Burmese python (Python bivittatus) is an invasive constrictor in southern Florida, and few methods are available for its control. Pythons are normally solitary, but from December–April in southern Florida, they form breeding aggregations containing up to 8 individuals, providing an opportunity to apply the technique. We radio-tracked 25 individual adult pythons of both sexes during the breeding season from 2007–2012. Our goals were to (1) characterize python movements and determine habitat selection for betrayal events, (2) quantify betrayal rates of Judas pythons, and (3) compare the efficacy of this tool with current tools for capturing pythons, both in terms of cost per python removed (CPP) and catch per unit effort (CPUE). In a total of 33 python-seasons, we had 8 betrayal events (24 %) in which a Judas python led us to new pythons. Betrayal events occurred more frequently in lowland forest (including tree islands) than would be expected by chance alone. These 8 events resulted in the capture of 14 new individuals (1–4 new pythons per event). Our effort comparison shows that while the Judas technique is more costly than road cruising surveys per python removed, the Judas technique yields more large, reproductive females and is effective at a time of year that road cruising is not, making it a potential complement to the status quo removal effort.
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U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
Phosphorus data were collected from the Kent Park Lake watershed in Johnson County, Iowa, in 2014 and 2015 to obtain information to assist in the management of the water quality in the lake. Phosphorus concentrations were measured for sediment from several ponds in the watershed and sediment deposited in the lake. The first set of samples was collected in 2014 to understand phosphorus in several potential sources to the lake and the spatial variability in lake sediments. Phosphorus concentrations ranged from 68 to 380 milligrams per kilogram in lake sediment and from 57 to 220 milligrams per kilogram in sedimentation and dredge spoil ponds. Additional samples were collected in 2015 to determine how phosphorus concentrations vary with depth in the lake sediment. Phosphorus concentrations generally decreased with increasing depth within the lake sediment. In 2015, total phosphorus concentrations in lake sediment ranged from 50 to 340 milligrams per kilogram.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Johnson County Conservation Board","usgsCitation":"Kalkhoff, S.J., 2016, Phosphorus in sediment in the Kent Park Lake watershed, Johnson County, Iowa, 2014–15: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1001, 18 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds1001.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2014-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-071552","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325076,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1001/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":325077,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1001/ds1001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.82 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Data Series 1001"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Johnson County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.3677,41.8603],[-91.3673,41.7745],[-91.3675,41.6855],[-91.3671,41.5987],[-91.3679,41.5107],[-91.3687,41.4235],[-91.4839,41.4222],[-91.4843,41.4286],[-91.492,41.4405],[-91.5033,41.4493],[-91.5026,41.452],[-91.4989,41.4538],[-91.4988,41.4592],[-91.5145,41.4676],[-91.5156,41.4704],[-91.5136,41.4767],[-91.5038,41.4779],[-91.5029,41.4874],[-91.5039,41.4933],[-91.5076,41.4939],[-91.5107,41.4944],[-91.5112,41.4971],[-91.508,41.5016],[-91.5098,41.5034],[-91.5117,41.5016],[-91.5148,41.4985],[-91.5197,41.4981],[-91.5196,41.5027],[-91.5281,41.5078],[-91.528,41.511],[-91.5991,41.5107],[-91.7138,41.511],[-91.8291,41.5116],[-91.827,41.6001],[-91.8337,41.6006],[-91.8335,41.6865],[-91.8327,41.775],[-91.8318,41.8617],[-91.716,41.862],[-91.5989,41.8612],[-91.4836,41.8608],[-91.3677,41.8603]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Johnson\",\"state\":\"IA\"}}]}","contact":"Director, Iowa Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 1230
Iowa City, IA 52244
A wildfire’s devastation of forest and rangeland seldom ends when the last embers die. In the western United States, rain on a scorched mountainside can turn ash into mudslides. Debris flows unleashed by rainstorms can put nearby homes into harm’s way and send people scrambling for safety. The infrared capabilities of Landsat satellite imagery provide vita information about potential dangers after a wildfire.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163044","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, When wildfire damage threatens humans, Landsat provides answers (ver. 1.1, September 2019): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3044, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20163044.\n","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-075238","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367506,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3044/fs20163044_2.pdf","text":"Report","size":"931 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Fact Sheet 2016–3044"},{"id":367507,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3044/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"1.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Version History"},{"id":325038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3044/coverthb2.jpg"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: July 12, 2016; Version 1.1 September 18, 2019","contact":"Director, Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
The Hells Canyon Complex (HCC) is a hydroelectric project built and operated by the Idaho Power Company (IPC) that consists of three dams on the Snake River along the Oregon and Idaho border (fig. 1). The dams have resulted in the creation of Brownlee, Oxbow, and Hells Canyon Reservoirs, which have a combined storage capacity of more than 1.5 million acre-feet and span about 90 miles of the Snake River. The Snake River upstream of and through the HCC historically has been impaired by water-quality issues related to excessive contributions of nutrients, algae, sediment, and other pollutants. In addition, historical data collected since the 1960s from the Snake River and tributaries near the HCC have documented high concentrations of mercury in fish tissue and sediment (Harris and Beals, 2013). Data collected from more recent investigations within the HCC continue to indicate elevated concentrations of mercury and methylmercury in the water column, bottom sediments, and biota (Clark and Maret, 1998; Essig, 2010; Fosness and others, 2013). As a result, Brownlee and Hells Canyon Reservoirs are listed as impaired for mercury by the State of Idaho, and the Snake River from the Oregon and Idaho border through the HCC downstream to the Oregon and Washington border is listed as impaired for mercury by the State of Oregon.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163051","usgsCitation":"Clark, G.M., Naymik, Jesse, Krabbenhoft, D.P., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Aiken, G.R., Marvin-DiPasquale, M.C., Harris, R.C., and Myers, Ralph, 2016, Mercury cycling in the Hells Canyon Complex of the Snake River, Idaho and Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016-3051, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163051.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072163","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325057,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3051/fs20163051.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3051 Fact Sheet PDF"},{"id":325056,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3051/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Brownlee Dam, Hells Canyon Dam, Oxbow Dam, Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 46.4\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 46.4\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 43.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Idaho Water Science Center,
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road, Boise, Idaho 83702
http://id.water.usgs.gov/
This study describes channel changes following completion of the Provo River Restoration Project (PRRP), the largest stream restoration project in Utah and one of the largest projects in the United States in which a gravel-bed river was fully reconstructed. We summarize project objectives and the design process, and we analyze monitoring data collected during the first 7 years after project completion. Post-project channel adjustment during the study period included two phases: (i) an initial phase of rapid, but small-scale, adjustment during the first years after stream flow was introduced to the newly constructed channel and (ii) a subsequent period of more gradual topographic adjustment and channel migration. Analysis of aerial imagery and ground-survey data demonstrate that the channel has been more dynamic in the downstream 4 km where a local source contributes a significant annual supply of bed material. Here, the channel migrates and exhibits channel adjustments that are more consistent with project objectives. The upstream 12 km of the PRRP are sediment starved, the channel has been laterally stable, and this condition may not be consistent with large-scale project objectives.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.07.018","usgsCitation":"Erwin, S.O., Schmidt, J.C., and Allred, T.M., 2016, Post-project geomorphic assessment of a large process-based river restoration project: Geomorphology, v. 270, p. 145-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.07.018.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"158","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059645","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325699,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.34300231933592,\n 40.61343119773193\n ],\n [\n -111.39038085937499,\n 40.614994915836924\n ],\n [\n -111.39244079589844,\n 40.64261456761013\n ],\n [\n -111.41853332519531,\n 40.670222795307346\n ],\n [\n -111.44256591796875,\n 40.65303410892721\n ],\n [\n -111.45423889160156,\n 40.62646106367355\n ],\n [\n -111.45561218261719,\n 40.59257812608644\n ],\n [\n -111.4892578125,\n 40.488215202002614\n ],\n [\n -111.53800964355467,\n 40.415064437473674\n ],\n [\n -111.533203125,\n 40.387873874881834\n ],\n [\n -111.48994445800781,\n 40.3805514624311\n ],\n [\n -111.46591186523438,\n 40.39937891475059\n ],\n [\n -111.43775939941406,\n 40.45373976275493\n ],\n [\n -111.4398193359375,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n -111.4398193359375,\n 40.51797520038851\n ],\n [\n -111.43089294433594,\n 40.54772199417569\n ],\n [\n -111.41372680664061,\n 40.57276168240752\n ],\n [\n -111.40205383300781,\n 40.58579947707732\n ],\n [\n -111.37596130371094,\n 40.58997103470642\n ],\n [\n -111.34300231933592,\n 40.58840673108871\n ],\n [\n -111.31484985351562,\n 40.589449604232975\n ],\n [\n -111.31278991699219,\n 40.6113461833302\n ],\n [\n -111.34300231933592,\n 40.61343119773193\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"270","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db68e4b0589fa1c7ea07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, Susannah O. 0000-0002-2799-0118 serwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2799-0118","contributorId":5183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"Susannah","email":"serwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, John C. 0000-0002-2988-3869 jcschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2988-3869","contributorId":1983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"John","email":"jcschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allred, Tyler M.","contributorId":173170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allred","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27172,"text":"Allred Restoration, Inc., Tremonton, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174067,"text":"cir1421 - 2016 - Recent trends in the nonfuel minerals industry of Iran","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T21:00:43","indexId":"cir1421","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-11T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1421","title":"Recent trends in the nonfuel minerals industry of Iran","docAbstract":"In response to the recent removal of international sanctions on Iran, including the lifting of “secondary” sanctions by the United States on investment into and trade with Iran, the U.S. Geological Survey National Minerals Information Center compiled and analyzed available information on the current state of Iran’s nonfuel minerals industry. This Circular features a new map and table that identify existing mines and mineral-processing facilities and provide information on location, ownership, and capacity for metals and industrial minerals whose output levels may substantially change in the near future. Additionally, the report covers Iran’s mineral resources and reserves, official mineral production targets for 2025, and current output and share of global mineral production. Recent trends and developments in individual mineral commodities are discussed, including mineral exploration and partnerships with foreign investors.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey estimated that Iran held globally significant reserves of feldspar (2d largest in the world), barite (5th largest), gypsum (5th largest), fluorspar (8th largest), and iron ore (10th largest). The Government of Iran claimed to also have significant reserves of chromium, copper, gold, manganese, phosphate rock, and zinc. In 2014, Iran was the second-leading producer of gypsum and the sixth-leading producer of barite, with 6.1 percent and 3.6 percent of world output, respectively. Iran was also the world’s 7th-leading producer of cement, feldspar, and fluorspar; 8th-leading producer of bentonite; 9th-leading producer of molybdenum; 11th-leading producer of iron ore; and 14th-leading producer of crude steel. The Government of Iran plans to quadruple the output of aluminum, copper cathode, direct-reduced iron, and iron ore pellets; triple that of crude steel and gold; and double that of cement, pig iron, and zinc by 2025. It also plans to double the contribution of mining and to quadruple that of mineral processing to the national economy in the next decade. In order to achieve these major goals, the construction and expansion of several mines and mineral facilities are planned or under development. Whether Iran’s annual mineral production increases as rapidly as envisioned by the Government will depend largely on the amount of foreign investment into the minerals industry; integration of modern technology into mineral facilities; and availability of energy to aluminum, copper, and steel plants at competitive prices to international investors.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir1421","isbn":"978-1-4113-4066-4","usgsCitation":"Hastorun, Sinan, Renaud, K.M., and Lederer, G.W., 2016, Recent trends in the nonfuel minerals industry of Iran:\nU.S. Geological Survey Circular 1421, 18 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/cir1421.","productDescription":"v, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-075384","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324839,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1421/circ1421.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIRC 1421"},{"id":324838,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1421/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Iran","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": 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U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
988 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
Email: nmicrecordsmgt@usgs.gov
Or visit the USGS Minerals Information Web site at http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/
","tableOfContents":"Suspended-sediment characteristics can be computed using acoustic indices derived from acoustic Doppler velocity meter (ADVM) backscatter data. The sediment acoustic index method applied in these types of studies can be used to more accurately and cost-effectively provide time-series estimates of suspended-sediment concentration and load, which is essential for informed solutions to many sediment-related environmental, engineering, and agricultural concerns. Advantages of this approach over other sediment surrogate methods include: (1) better representation of cross-sectional conditions from large measurement volumes, compared to other surrogate instruments that measure data at a single point; (2) high temporal resolution of collected data; (3) data integrity when biofouling is present; and (4) less rating curve hysteresis compared to streamflow as a surrogate. An additional advantage of this technique is the potential expansion of monitoring suspended-sediment concentrations at sites with existing ADVMs used in streamflow velocity monitoring. This report provides much-needed standard techniques for sediment acoustic index methods to help ensure accurate and comparable documented results.
\nA sediment acoustic index gage is used to collect continuous acoustic backscatter data, using an ADVM deployed in a fixed location, which are related to results from discrete suspended-sediment samples. The raw ADVM backscatter data are adjusted for variables affecting backscatter other than the sediment concentration to compute the sediment-corrected backscatter (SCB) and sediment attenuation coefficient (SAC). The sediment acoustic index rating (rating) is then developed by relating the sediment characteristics from the periodic samples to the SCB and (or) SAC and other explanatory variables in a site-specific, instrument-specific, simple or multiple linear regression model. The rating is reviewed and checked to ensure the technique has been applied appropriately. This review includes an assessment of the theoretical soundness, the adequacy of the model calibration dataset, and the quality of the regression model and regression diagnostics. The rating can then be applied to the acoustic surrogates and other explanatory variables to obtain continuous records of computed suspended-sediment concentration. The estimates of suspended-sediment concentration can then be paired with streamflow data, if available, to compute continuous records of suspended-sediment load.
\nOnce developed, sediment acoustic index ratings must be validated with additional suspended-sediment samples, beyond the period of record used in the rating development, to verify that the regression model continues to adequately represent sediment conditions within the stream. Changes in ADVM configuration or installation, or replacement with another ADVM, may require development of a new rating. The best practices described in this report can be used to develop continuous estimates of suspended-sediment concentration and load using sediment acoustic surrogates to enable more informed and accurate responses to diverse sedimentation issues.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section C: Sediment and erosion techniques in Book 3: Applications of Hydraulics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm3C5","usgsCitation":"Landers, M.N., Straub, T.D., Wood, M.S., and Domanski, M.M., 2016, Sediment acoustic index method for computing continuous suspended-sediment concentrations: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 3, chap. C5, 63 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/tm3C5.","productDescription":"vii, 63 p.","endPage":"83","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062080","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324847,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/c05/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":324848,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/c05/tm3c5.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.33 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM 3C-05"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 5 of Section C: Sediment and erosion techniques in Book 3: Applications of Hydraulics.","contact":"Chief, Office of Surface Water
U.S. Geological Survey
415 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
(703) 648-5301
Or visit the Office of Surface Water Web site at: http://water.usgs.gov/osw/
","tableOfContents":"Livestock fences have been hypothesized to significantly contribute to mortality of lesser prairie-chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus); however, quantification of mortality due to fence collisions is lacking across their current distribution. Variation in fence density, landscape composition and configuration, and land use could influence collision risk of lesser prairie-chickens. We monitored fences within 3 km of known leks during spring and fall and surveyed for signs of collision occurrence within 20 m of fences in 6 study sites in Kansas and Colorado, USA during 2013 and 2014. We assessed mortality locations of radio-tagged birds (n = 286) for evidence of fence collisions and compared distance to fence relative to random points. Additionally, we quantified locations, propensity, and frequency of fences crossed by lesser prairie-chickens. We tested for landscape and vegetative characteristics that influenced fence-cross propensity and frequency of global positioning system (GPS)-marked birds. A minimum of 12,706 fence crossings occurred by GPS-marked lesser prairie-chickens. We found 3 carcasses and 12 additional possible instances of evidence of collision during >2,800 km of surveyed fences. We found evidence for a single suspected collision based on carcass evidence for 148 mortalities of transmittered birds. Mortality locations of transmittered birds were located at distances from fences 15% farther than expected at random. Our data suggested minimal biological significance and indicated that propensity and frequency of fence crossings were random processes. Lesser prairie-chickens do not appear to be experiencing significant mortality risk due to fence collisions in Kansas and Colorado. Focusing resources on other limiting factors (i.e., habitat quality) has greater potential for impact on population demography than fence marking and removal.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1073","usgsCitation":"Robinson, S.G., Haukos, D.A., Plumb, R.T., Hagen, C.A., Pitman, J.C., Lautenbach, J.M., Sullins, D.S., Kraft, J.D., and Lautenbach, J.D., 2016, Lesser prairie-chicken fence collision risk across its northern distribution: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 5, p. 906-915, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1073.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"906","endPage":"915","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071444","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784b51de4b0e02680bdc5e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Samantha G.","contributorId":172786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plumb, Reid T.","contributorId":172787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plumb","given":"Reid","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hagen, Christian A.","contributorId":107574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagen","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pitman, James C.","contributorId":40529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lautenbach, Joseph M.","contributorId":172788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lautenbach","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sullins, Daniel S.","contributorId":166689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullins","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kraft, John D.","contributorId":172789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kraft","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lautenbach, Jonathan D.","contributorId":172790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lautenbach","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70174397,"text":"70174397 - 2016 - Assessing potential health risks to fish and humans using mercury concentrations in inland fish from across western Canada and the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:28:06","indexId":"70174397","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-11T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing potential health risks to fish and humans using mercury concentrations in inland fish from across western Canada and the United States","docAbstract":"Fish represent high quality protein and nutrient sources, but Hg contamination is ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems and can pose health risks to fish and their consumers. Potential health risks posed to fish and humans by Hg contamination in fish were assessed in western Canada and the United States. A large compilation of inland fish Hg concentrations was evaluated in terms of potential health risk to the fish themselves, health risk to predatory fish that consume Hg contaminated fish, and to humans that consume Hg contaminated fish. The probability that a fish collected from a given location would exceed a Hg concentration benchmark relevant to a health risk was calculated. These exceedance probabilities and their associated uncertainties were characterized for fish of multiple size classes at multiple health-relevant benchmarks. The approach was novel and allowed for the assessment of the potential for deleterious health effects in fish and humans associated with Hg contamination in fish across this broad study area. Exceedance probabilities were relatively common at low Hg concentration benchmarks, particularly for fish in larger size classes. Specifically, median exceedances for the largest size classes of fish evaluated at the lowest Hg concentration benchmarks were 0.73 (potential health risks to fish themselves), 0.90 (potential health risk to predatory fish that consume Hg contaminated fish), and 0.97 (potential for restricted fish consumption by humans), but diminished to essentially zero at the highest benchmarks and smallest fish size classes. Exceedances of benchmarks are likely to have deleterious health effects on fish and limit recommended amounts of fish humans consume in western Canada and the United States. Results presented here are not intended to subvert or replace local fish Hg data or consumption advice, but provide a basis for identifying areas of potential health risk and developing more focused future research and monitoring efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.031","usgsCitation":"Lepak, J.M., Hooten, M., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Tate, M., Lutz, M., Ackerman, J., Willacker, J.J., Jackson, A.K., Evers, D.C., Wiener, J.G., Pritz, C.F., and Davis, J., 2016, Assessing potential health risks to fish and humans using mercury concentrations in inland fish from across western Canada and the United States: Science of the Total Environment, v. 571, p. 342-354, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.031.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"342","endPage":"354","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070581","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology 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Average adult weight is about 30kg (in captivity, as high as 80kg). Its carapace extends about halfway down its sides, making it impossible to curl up tightly. It is dark brown to black dorsally, with a broad light band around the lower part of its carapace. It primarily digs to escape, enhanced by its 20-cm, sickle-shaped nail on its 3rd forefingers. P. maximus is widely distributed in South America but nowhere abundant. It is affected by habitat loss and fragmentation, agriculture, hunting, collection for museum specimens, and illegal animal trafficking. P. maximus is listed as “Vulnerable” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/mspecies/sew002","usgsCitation":"Carter, T.S., Superina, M., and Leslie, D., 2016, Priodontes maximus (Cingulata: Chlamyphoridae): Mammalian Species, v. 48, no. 932, p. 21-34, https://doi.org/10.1093/mspecies/sew002.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"34","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070543","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mspecies/sew002","text":"External Repository"},{"id":324999,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"932","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784b51ce4b0e02680bdc5d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Tracy S.","contributorId":172784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Tracy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Superina, Mariella","contributorId":172785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Superina","given":"Mariella","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. cleslie@usgs.gov","contributorId":145497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174400,"text":"70174400 - 2016 - Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) ammocoetes exposed to contaminated Portland Harbor sediments: Method development and effects on survival, growth, and behavior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-28T10:27:35","indexId":"70174400","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-11T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) ammocoetes exposed to contaminated Portland Harbor sediments: Method development and effects on survival, growth, and behavior","docAbstract":"Many anthropogenic disturbances have contributed to the decline of Pacific lampreys (Entosphenus tridentatus), but potential negative effects of contaminants on lampreys are unclear. Lamprey ammocoetes are the only detritivorous fish in the lower Willamette River, Oregon, USA, and have been observed in Portland Harbor sediments. Their long benthic larval stage places them at risk from the effects of contaminated sediment. The authors developed experimental methods to assess the effects of contaminated sediment on the growth and behavior of field-collected ammocoetes reared in a laboratory. Specifically, they developed methods to assess individual growth and burrowing behavior. Burrowing performance demonstrated high variability among contaminated sediments; however, ammocoetes presented with noncontaminated reference sediment initiated burrowing more rapidly and completed it faster. Ammocoete reemergence from contaminated sediments suggests avoidance of some chemical compounds. The authors conducted long-term exposure experiments on individually held ammocoetes using sediment collected from their native Siletz River, which included the following: contaminated sediments collected from 9 sites within Portland Harbor, 2 uncontaminated reference sediments collected upstream, 1 uncontaminated sediment with characteristics similar to Portland Harbor sediments, and clean sand. They determined that a 24-h depuration period was sufficient to evaluate weight changes and observed no mortality or growth effects in fish exposed to any of the contaminated sediments. However, the effect on burrowing behavior appeared to be a sensitive endpoint, with potentially significant implications for predator avoidance.
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Migrating sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) deliver a pulsed marine-derived nutrient subsidy to rivers in spring when the metabolic demand of producers and consumers are increasing. However, the spatial and temporal dynamics of these nutrient subsidies are not well characterized. We used sea lamprey carcass additions in a small stream to examine changes in nutrients, primary productivity, and nutrient assimilation among consumers. Algal biomass increased 57%–71% immediately adjacent to carcasses; however, broader spatial changes from multiple-site carcass addition may have been influenced by canopy cover. We detected assimilation of nutrients (via δ13C and δ15N) among several macroinvertebrate families including Heptageniidae, Hydropsychidae, and Perlidae. Our research suggests that subsidies may evoke localized patch-scale effects on food webs, and the pathways of assimilation in streams are likely coupled to adjacent terrestrial systems. This research underscores the importance of connectivity in streams, which may influence sea lamprey spawning and elicit varying food web responses from carcass subsidies due to fine-scale habitat variables.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0506","usgsCitation":"Weaver, D.M., Coghlan, S.M., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2016, Sea lamprey carcasses exert local and variable food web effects in a nutrient-limited Atlantic coastal stream: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 11, p. 1616-1625, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0506.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1616","endPage":"1625","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070746","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0506","text":"External Repository"},{"id":324996,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784b51ee4b0e02680bdc5ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, Daniel M.","contributorId":145786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weaver","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coghlan, Stephen M. Jr.","contributorId":169678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coghlan","given":"Stephen","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174399,"text":"70174399 - 2016 - Effects of thyroid endocrine manipulation on sex-related gene expression and population sex ratios in Zebrafish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T10:10:44","indexId":"70174399","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-11T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of thyroid endocrine manipulation on sex-related gene expression and population sex ratios in Zebrafish","docAbstract":"Thyroid hormone reportedly induces masculinization of genetic females and goitrogen treatment delays testicular differentiation (ovary-to-testis transformation) in genetic males of Zebrafish. This study explored potential molecular mechanisms of these phenomena. Zebrafish were treated with thyroxine (T4, 2 nM), goitrogen [methimazole (MZ), 0.15 mM], MZ (0.15 mM) and T4 (2 nM) (rescue treatment), or reconstituted water (control) from 3 to 33 days postfertilization (dpf) and maintained in control water until 45 dpf. Whole fish were collected during early (25 dpf) and late (45 dpf) testicular differentiation for transcript abundance analysis of selected male (dmrt1, amh, ar) and female (cyp19a1a, esr1, esr2a, esr2b) sex-related genes by quantitative RT-PCR, and fold-changes relative to control values were determined. Additional fish were sampled at 45 dpf for histological assessment of gonadal sex. The T4 and rescue treatments caused male-biased populations, and T4 alone induced precocious puberty in ∼50% of males. Male-biased sex ratios were accompanied by increased expression of amh and ar and reduced expression of cyp19a1a, esr1, esr2a, and esr2b at 25 and 45 dpf and, unexpectedly, reduced expression of dmrt1 at 45 dpf. Goitrogen exposure increased the proportion of individuals with ovaries (per previous studies interpreted as delay in testicular differentiation of genetic males), and at 25 and 45 dpf reduced the expression of amh and ar and increased the expression of esr1 (only at 25 dpf), esr2a, and esr2b. Notably, cyp19a1a transcript was reduced but via non-thyroidal pathways (not restored by rescue treatment). In conclusion, the masculinizing activity of T4 at the population level may be due to its ability to inhibit female and stimulate male sex-related genes in larvae, while the inability of MZ to induce cyp19a1a, which is necessary for ovarian differentiation, may explain why its “feminizing” activity on gonadal sex is not permanent.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.028","usgsCitation":"Sharma, P., Tang, S., Mayer, G.D., and Patino, R., 2016, Effects of thyroid endocrine manipulation on sex-related gene expression and population sex ratios in Zebrafish: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 235, p. 38-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.028.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071232","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"235","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784b51de4b0e02680bdc5e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharma, Prakash","contributorId":107435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharma","given":"Prakash","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tang, Song","contributorId":172782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tang","given":"Song","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mayer, Gregory D.","contributorId":172783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174403,"text":"70174403 - 2016 - Processes contributing to resilience of coastal wetlands to sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T16:31:20","indexId":"70174403","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-11T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Processes contributing to resilience of coastal wetlands to sea-level rise","docAbstract":"The objectives of this study were to identify processes that contribute to resilience of coastal wetlands subject to rising sea levels and to determine whether the relative contribution of these processes varies across different wetland community types. We assessed the resilience of wetlands to sea-level rise along a transitional gradient from tidal freshwater forested wetland (TFFW) to marsh by measuring processes controlling wetland elevation. We found that, over 5 years of measurement, TFFWs were resilient, although some marginally, and oligohaline marshes exhibited robust resilience to sea-level rise. We identified fundamental differences in how resilience is maintained across wetland community types, which have important implications for management activities that aim to restore or conserve resilient systems. We showed that the relative importance of surface and subsurface processes in controlling wetland surface elevation change differed between TFFWs and oligohaline marshes. The marshes had significantly higher rates of surface accretion than the TFFWs, and in the marshes, surface accretion was the primary contributor to elevation change. In contrast, elevation change in TFFWs was more heavily influenced by subsurface processes, such as root zone expansion or compaction, which played an important role in determining resilience of TFFWs to rising sea level. When root zone contributions were removed statistically from comparisons between relative sea-level rise and surface elevation change, sites that previously had elevation rate deficits showed a surplus. Therefore, assessments of wetland resilience that do not include subsurface processes will likely misjudge vulnerability to sea-level rise.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-016-0015-x","usgsCitation":"Stagg, C.L., Krauss, K.W., Cahoon, D.R., Cormier, N., Conner, W.H., and Swarzenski, C.M., 2016, Processes contributing to resilience of coastal wetlands to sea-level rise: Ecosystems, v. 19, no. 8, p. 1445-1459, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-016-0015-x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1445","endPage":"1459","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067102","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324995,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784b51de4b0e02680bdc5e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stagg, Camille L. 0000-0002-1125-7253 staggc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-7253","contributorId":4111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stagg","given":"Camille","email":"staggc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667 dcahoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":3791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"dcahoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cormier, Nicole 0000-0003-2453-9900 cormiern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-9900","contributorId":4262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cormier","given":"Nicole","email":"cormiern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Swarzenski, Christopher M. 0000-0001-9843-1471 cswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-1471","contributorId":656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Christopher","email":"cswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70170491,"text":"ofr20161063 - 2016 - Structure of the 1906 near-surface rupture zone of the San Andreas Fault, San Francisco Peninsula segment, near Woodside, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T09:00:37","indexId":"ofr20161063","displayToPublicDate":"2016-07-08T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1063","title":"Structure of the 1906 near-surface rupture zone of the San Andreas Fault, San Francisco Peninsula segment, near Woodside, California","docAbstract":"High-resolution seismic-reflection and refraction images of the 1906 surface rupture zone of the San Andreas Fault near Woodside, California reveal evidence for one or more additional near-surface (within about 3 meters [m] depth) fault strands within about 25 m of the 1906 surface rupture. The 1906 surface rupture above the groundwater table (vadose zone) has been observed in paleoseismic trenches that coincide with our seismic profile and is seismically characterized by a discrete zone of low P-wave velocities (Vp), low S-wave velocities (Vs), high Vp/Vs ratios, and high Poisson’s ratios. A second near-surface fault strand, located about 17 m to the southwest of the 1906 surface rupture, is inferred by similar seismic anomalies. Between these two near-surface fault strands and below 5 m depth, we observed a near-vertical fault strand characterized by a zone of high Vp, low Vs, high Vp/Vs ratios, and high Poisson’s ratios on refraction tomography images and near-vertical diffractions on seismic-reflection images. This prominent subsurface zone of seismic anomalies is laterally offset from the 1906 surface rupture by about 8 m and likely represents the active main (long-term) strand of the San Andreas Fault at 5 to 10 m depth. Geometries of the near-surface and subsurface (about 5 to 10 m depth) fault zone suggest that the 1906 surface rupture dips southwestward to join the main strand of the San Andreas Fault at about 5 to 10 m below the surface. The 1906 surface rupture forms a prominent groundwater barrier in the upper 3 to 5 m, but our interpreted secondary near-surface fault strand to the southwest forms a weaker barrier, suggesting that there has been less or less-recent near-surface slip on that strand. At about 6 m depth, the main strand of the San Andreas Fault consists of water-saturated blue clay (collected from a hand-augered borehole), which is similar to deeply weathered serpentinite observed within the main strand of the San Andreas Fault at nearby sites. Multiple fault strands in the area of the 1906 surface rupture may account for variations in geologic slip rates calculated from several paleoseismic sites along the Peninsula segment of the San Andreas Fault.t.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161063","usgsCitation":"Rosa, C.M., Catchings, R.D., Rymer, M.J., Grove, Karen, and Goldman, M.R., 2016, Structure of the 1906 near-surface rupture zone of the San Andreas Fault, San Francisco Peninsula segment, near Woodside, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1063, 31 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161063.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069256","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320781,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1063/ofr20161063.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1063 Report PDF"},{"id":320780,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1063/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Woodside","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.4041748046875,\n 37.28716518793855\n ],\n [\n -122.4041748046875,\n 37.67077737288316\n ],\n [\n -122.12677001953124,\n 37.67077737288316\n ],\n [\n -122.12677001953124,\n 37.28716518793855\n ],\n [\n -122.4041748046875,\n 37.28716518793855\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Earthquake Science Center—Menlo Park, Calif. Office
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 977
Menlo Park, CA 94025
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/