The Pacific Lamprey Conservation Initiative (PLCI) is a collaboration of Tribes, Federal, and State agencies working together to protect and restore Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) and other native lampreys (i.e., Lampetra spp.) in Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, and Idaho. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service hosts and facilitates the PLCI, and the Columbia River Tribes play a large role in setting conservation goals and defining research needs. The PLCI annually solicits proposals for research and restoration activities, which are reviewed and ranked in collaboration with the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), who annually provides funding to support PLCI priority proposals. This report summarizes two research projects selected through PLCI, and funded under one BPA contract, in support of Pacific Lamprey conservation. The two projects were not topically related apart from a common theme of potential stressors to lampreys and are being reported together because they were combined under one BPA agreement for contracting.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","usgsCitation":"Liedtke, T.L., Weiland, L.K., Skalicky, J., Harris, J., Blanchard, M.R., Grote, A.B., Gray, A.E., and Ekstrom, B.K., 2024, Pacific Lamprey responses to stressors: Dewatering and electrofishing, 70 p.","productDescription":"70 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164929","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":430866,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cbfish.org/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liedtke, Theresa L. 0000-0001-6063-9867 tliedtke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-9867","contributorId":2999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liedtke","given":"Theresa","email":"tliedtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiland, Lisa K. 0000-0002-9729-4062 lweiland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-4062","contributorId":3565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiland","given":"Lisa","email":"lweiland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skalicky, Joe","contributorId":340042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skalicky","given":"Joe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81432,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Columbia River Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, Vancouver, Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Julie","contributorId":340043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81432,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Columbia River Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, Vancouver, Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blanchard, Monica R.","contributorId":316728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Monica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":68685,"text":"Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 5525 S 11th St, Ridgefield, Washington 98642","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grote, Ann B.","contributorId":169715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grote","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gray, Ann E.","contributorId":195113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Ann","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ekstrom, Brian K. 0000-0002-1162-1780 bekstrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1162-1780","contributorId":3704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Brian","email":"bekstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70272709,"text":"70272709 - 2024 - Impacts of convective storms on runoff, erosion, and carbon export in a continuous permafrost landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-08T14:19:02.218112","indexId":"70272709","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-01T08:57:37","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Impacts of convective storms on runoff, erosion, and carbon export in a continuous permafrost landscape","docAbstract":"Permafrost holds more than twice the amount of carbon currently in the atmosphere, but this large carbon reservoir is vulnerable to thaw and erosion under a rapidly changing Arctic climate. Convective storms are becoming increasingly common during Arctic summers and can amplify runoff and erosion. These extreme events, in concert with active layer deepening, may accelerate carbon loss from the Arctic landscape. However, we lack measurements of carbon fluxes during these events.\nRivers are sensitive to physical, chemical, and hydrological perturbations, and thus are excellent systems for studying landscape responses to thunderstorms. We present observations from the Canning River, Alaska, which drains the northern Brooks Range and flows across a continuous permafrost landscape to the Beaufort Sea. During summer 2022 and 2023 field campaigns, we opportunistically monitored river discharge, sediment, and organic carbon fluxes during several thunderstorms. During one notable storm, river discharge nearly doubled from ~130 m3/s to ~240 m3/s, suspended sediment flux increased 70-fold, and the particulate organic carbon (POC) flux increased 90-fold relative to non-storm conditions. Taken together, the river exported ~16 metric tons of POC over one hour of this sustained event, not including the additional flux of woody debris. Furthermore, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) flux nearly doubled. Although these thunderstorm-driven fluxes are short-lived (hours to days), they play an outsized role in exporting organic carbon from Arctic rivers. Understanding how these extreme events impact river water, sediment, and carbon dynamics will help predict how Arctic climate change will modify the global carbon cycle.","conferenceTitle":"12th International Conference on Permafrost","conferenceDate":"June 16-20, 2024","conferenceLocation":"Whitehorse, Yukon","language":"English","publisher":"International Conference on Permafrost","doi":"10.52381/ICOP2024.104.1","usgsCitation":"Repasch, M., Arcuri, J., Overeem, I., Anderson, S.P., Anderson, R.G., and Koch, J.C., 2024, Impacts of convective storms on runoff, erosion, and carbon export in a continuous permafrost landscape, 12th International Conference on Permafrost, Whitehorse, Yukon, June 16-20, 2024, p. 341-348, https://doi.org/10.52381/ICOP2024.104.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"348","ipdsId":"IP-157679","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497137,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Canning River, North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -144.75,\n 70.25\n ],\n [\n -146.5,\n 70.25\n ],\n [\n -146.5,\n 68.5\n ],\n [\n -144.75,\n 68.5\n ],\n [\n -144.75,\n 70.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Repasch, Marisa 0000-0003-2636-9896","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2636-9896","contributorId":334190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Repasch","given":"Marisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":951399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arcuri, Josie","contributorId":363269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arcuri","given":"Josie","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overeem, Irina","contributorId":197487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overeem","given":"Irina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":951401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Suzanne P. 0000-0002-6796-6649","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6796-6649","contributorId":172732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":951402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Robert G.","contributorId":197569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":951403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70257855,"text":"70257855 - 2024 - Assessing the utility of uncrewed aerial system photogrammetrically derived point clouds for land cover classification in the Alaska North Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-29T11:58:21.169706","indexId":"70257855","displayToPublicDate":"2024-07-01T06:55:24","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17041,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (PE&RS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the utility of uncrewed aerial system photogrammetrically derived point clouds for land cover classification in the Alaska North Slope","docAbstract":"Access to high-quality food is critical for long-distance migrants to provide energy for migration and arrival at breeding grounds in good condition. We studied effects of changing abundance and availability of a marine food, common eelgrass (Zostera marina L.), on an arctic-breeding, migratory goose, black brant (Brant bernicla nigricans Lawrence 1846), at a key non-breeding site, Bahía San Quintín, Mexico. Eelgrass, the primary food of brant, is consumed when exposed by the tide or within reach from the water's surface. Using an individual-based model, we predicted effects of observed changes (1991–2013) in parameters influencing food abundance and availability: eelgrass biomass (abundance), eelgrass shoot length (availability, as longer shoots more within reach), brant population size (availability, as competition greater with more birds), and sea level (availability, as less food within reach when sea level higher). The model predicted that the ability to gain enough energy to migrate was most strongly influenced by eelgrass biomass (threshold January biomass for migration = 60 g m−2 dry mass). Conversely, annual variation in population size (except for 1998), was relatively low, and variation in eelgrass shoot length and sea level were not strongly related to ability to migrate. We used observed data on brant body mass at Bahía San Quintín and annual survival to test for effects of eelgrass biomass in the real system. The lowest observed values of body mass and survival were in years when biomass was below 60 g m−2, although in some years of low biomass body mass and/or survival was higher. This suggests that the real birds may have some capacity to compensate to meet their energy demands when eelgrass biomass is low. We discuss consequences for brant population trends and conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.11619","usgsCitation":"Stillman, R.A., Rivers, E., Gilkerson, W., Wood, K.A., Clausen, P., Deane, C., and Ward, D.H., 2024, Predicting the response of a long-distance migrant to changing environmental conditions in winter: Ecology and Evolution, v. 14, no. 7, e11619, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11619.","productDescription":"e11619, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-160623","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11619","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":434933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7T43R88","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data from Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) Overwintering in Three Lagoons Along the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico"},{"id":432860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Baja California","otherGeospatial":"Bahía San Quintín","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.06430118019601,\n 30.523772316473426\n ],\n [\n -116.06430118019601,\n 30.37195862378512\n ],\n [\n -115.92021973295668,\n 30.37195862378512\n ],\n [\n -115.92021973295668,\n 30.523772316473426\n ],\n [\n -116.06430118019601,\n 30.523772316473426\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stillman, Richard A.","contributorId":151661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stillman","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":910500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rivers, E.M.","contributorId":245657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivers","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49249,"text":"Merkel & Associates, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilkerson, W.","contributorId":245658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilkerson","given":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":49250,"text":"Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wood, K. A.","contributorId":167726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24818,"text":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clausen, P.","contributorId":245661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clausen","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49252,"text":"Department of Bioscience – Wildlife Ecology, Aarhus University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Deane, C.","contributorId":342932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deane","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":910506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":910507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70267455,"text":"70267455 - 2024 - A fire-use decision model to improve the United States’ wildfire management and support climate change adaptation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-23T15:14:08.580599","indexId":"70267455","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-28T10:08:46","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":21644,"text":"Cell Reports Sustainability","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A fire-use decision model to improve the United States’ wildfire management and support climate change adaptation","docAbstract":"The US faces multiple challenges in facilitating the safe, effective, and proactive use of fire as a landscape management tool. This intentional fire use exposes deeply ingrained communication challenges and distinct but overlapping strategies of prescribed fire, cultural burning, and managed wildfire. We argue for a new conceptual model that is organized around ecological conditions, capacity to act, and motivation to use fire and can integrate and expand intentional fire use as a tool. This result emerges from more considered collaboration and communication of values and needs to address the negative consequences of contemporary fire use. When applied as a communication and translation tool, there is potential to lower barriers to faster and more successful collaboration among stakeholders. Such improvements are a vital part of strategies to address climate adaptation, wildfire mitigation, and the well-being of ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cell Press","doi":"10.1016/j.crsus.2024.100125","usgsCitation":"Russell, A., Fontana, N., Hoecker, T., Kamanu, A., Majumder, R., Stephens, J., Young, A., Cravens, A.E., Giardina, C., Hiers, K., Littell, J., and Terando, A., 2024, A fire-use decision model to improve the United States’ wildfire management and support climate change adaptation: Cell Reports Sustainability, v. 1, no. 6, 100125, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsus.2024.100125.","productDescription":"100125, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-165285","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40926,"text":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49028,"text":"Alaska Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsus.2024.100125","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Russell, Aaron Daniel 0000-0003-3980-827X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-827X","contributorId":355854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Aaron Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fontana, Nina","contributorId":355855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fontana","given":"Nina","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoecker, Tyler","contributorId":355856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoecker","given":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kamanu, Alyssa","contributorId":355857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kamanu","given":"Alyssa","affiliations":[{"id":39036,"text":"University of Hawaii at Manoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Majumder, Reetam","contributorId":355858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Majumder","given":"Reetam","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephens, Jilmarie 0000-0002-0066-2974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0066-2974","contributorId":304182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephens","given":"Jilmarie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":65990,"text":"CU B","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Young, Adam","contributorId":177578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":938321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cravens, Amanda E. 0000-0002-0271-7967 aecravens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0271-7967","contributorId":196752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravens","given":"Amanda","email":"aecravens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Giardina, Christian ","contributorId":221117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giardina","given":"Christian ","affiliations":[{"id":40321,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hiers, Kevin","contributorId":212193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hiers","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36874,"text":"Tall Timbers Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":938280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Littell, Jeremy S. 0000-0002-5302-8280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-8280","contributorId":205907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Littell","given":"Jeremy","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Terando, Adam 0000-0002-9280-043X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-043X","contributorId":205908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terando","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":938282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70255923,"text":"70255923 - 2024 - Boulders modulate hillslope-channel coupling in the northern Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-11T16:17:12.569241","indexId":"70255923","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-27T07:02:34","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Boulders modulate hillslope-channel coupling in the northern Alaska Range","docAbstract":"Active orogens balance tectonic rock uplift with erosion, commonly via river incision coupled to landslide denudation of “threshold” hillslopes, but sediment’s role in this feedback is unclear. We report fluvial geometry, and sediment size, prevalence, and mobility across two ≤600-m-tall gneissic northern Alaska Range anticlines that sustain steep landslide-clad hillslopes but differ 10× in late Pleistocene−recent rock uplift rate. Enigmatically, the river steepens and narrows prominently across the fold experiencing slow surface uplift (∼0.5 mm/yr) but remains low-gradient and wide downstream across the anticline undergoing rapid differential rock uplift (∼5 mm/yr). Frequent bedload mobilization across both folds implies fluvial equilibration to sediment transport despite discrepant channel forms and similarly prevalent hillslope-derived boulders. Boulder prevalence correlates significantly with channel slope and width on the slowly uplifting anticline, but weakly on the rapidly uplifting anticline. Strong correlations across the tectonically quiescent anticline may reflect local incision-suppressing boulder aggradation that forces the channel to steepen and narrow, consistent with field observations. Conversely, weak correlations across the rapidly uplifting anticline imply that boulders may modulate expected tectonic channel adjustment by preferentially aggrading to subdue slope, and deflecting frequently mobile bedload to drive lateral erosion that maintains channel width, steepens adjacent hillslopes, and perpetuates hillslope-channel coupling. Hence, hillslope-derived boulders may occupy important roles in regulating feedbacks between river incision and landslide erosion that differ fundamentally at high and low tectonic rates.
The Southeast Alaska (SE) stock of northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) ranges from Cape Yakataga on the north to the Dixon Entrance on the south. During the maritime fur trade, sea otters were commercially harvested to near extinction in SE for their pelts and were presumed unlikely to naturally repopulate the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20243007","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Eisaguirre, J.M., Matsuoka, T.D., Esslinger, G.G., Weitzman, B.P., Womble, J.N., and Schuette, P.A., 2024, Understanding sea otter population change in southeast Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2024-3007, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20243007.","productDescription":"4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158806","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430484,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3007/fs20243007.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2024-3007"},{"id":430483,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3007/fs20243007.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -145.9241672313032,\n 60.97708790226284\n ],\n [\n -145.9241672313032,\n 54.16723740167396\n ],\n [\n -129.22494848130341,\n 54.16723740167396\n ],\n [\n -129.22494848130341,\n 60.97708790226284\n ],\n [\n -145.9241672313032,\n 60.97708790226284\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Alaska Science Center
4210 University Drive
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This work evaluates glacial dust as a source of sediment, and associated iron (Fe), to the Fe-limited Gulf of Alaska (GoA). A reanalysis of GoA sediment data, using rare earth elements and thorium as provenance tracers, suggests a flux to the ocean surface of Copper River (AK) glacial dust, and associated Fe, that is comparable to the flux of dust from Asia, at least 1,000 km from the narrow mountain valley glacial dust source area. This work suggests dust from Asia may not be the largest source of Fe to the GoA. Dust models fail to accurately simulate this glacial dust transport because their coarse resolution underestimates wind speeds, and the dust flux. This work suggests that glacial dust fluxes may have been important in the geologic past (e.g., the last glacial maximum) from locations where there was more extensive coverage by glaciers than at present.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023GL106778","usgsCitation":"Crusius, J., Lao, C., Holmes, T.M., and Murray, J.W., 2024, Alaskan glacial dust is an important iron source to surface waters of the Gulf of Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 51, no. 12, e2023GL106778, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106778.","productDescription":"e2023GL106778, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-144402","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl106778","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498516,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -166,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -136,\n 48\n ],\n [\n -136,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -166,\n 61\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lao, Carsten","contributorId":364912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lao","given":"Carsten","affiliations":[{"id":87012,"text":"UW Dept of Chemistry","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holmes, Thomas M. 0000-0001-8061-4325","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8061-4325","contributorId":364913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holmes","given":"Thomas","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87014,"text":"U. 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This study analyzes site-level simulations in moist and wet drainage conditions in continuous or discontinuous permafrost regions, using a terrestrial ecosystem model DVM-DOS-TEM. Functional benchmarking was conducted against eddy covariance flux alongside soil temperature, moisture, and thaw depth observations. Thermal and hydrological analysis reveals parameter sensitivity and uncertainty concerning carbon cycling and permafrost dynamics. Flux representation is markedly consistent at sites characterized by continuous permafrost with less seasonal variation, owing to longer soil freezing duration. Sites in discontinuous permafrost, exhibiting active permafrost degradation and talik formation, pose considerable challenges in accurately depicting thaw depth. Underprediction of soil moisture across all sites has more pronounced effects on boreal wetlands characterized by thick organic layers up to 1 m. These results illustrate the limitations of terrestrial ecosystem models to represent environmental and ecological dynamics in wetlands. Attempts to adjust model hydrology have yielded marginal improvements in thaw depth prediction, but revealed large effects of abrupt phase changes for poorly drained sites on discontinuous permafrost. Our analysis suggests the importance of gradual phase change representation, particularly in ice-rich wetlands with thick organic layers, which will be crucial when evaluating the permafrost carbon-climate feedback in model projections.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Permafrost","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"12th International Conference on Permafrost","conferenceDate":"June 16-20, 2024.","conferenceLocation":"Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada","language":"English","publisher":"International Permafrost Association","usgsCitation":"Maglio, B.C., Rutter, R., Carman, T., Edgar, C.W., Euskirchen, E., Genet, H., Mullen, A., Briones, V., Jafarov, E., and Manies, K.L., 2024, Thermal and hydrological limitations on modeling carbon dynamics at wetland sites of discontinuous and continuous permafrost extent, in Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Permafrost, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada, June 16-20, 2024., p. 248-256.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"256","ipdsId":"IP-162209","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":430702,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.permafrost.org/proceedings-of-the-12th-international-conference-on-permafrost-icop/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -142.6808844305595,\n 69.84467566186115\n ],\n [\n -151.89695276969454,\n 69.84467566186115\n ],\n [\n -151.89695276969454,\n 63.137459294385934\n ],\n [\n -142.6808844305595,\n 63.137459294385934\n ],\n [\n -142.6808844305595,\n 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tidelands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-22T16:25:37.569721","indexId":"70262789","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-18T10:21:23","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake effects surveyed during the nineteenth century as ecological features of Chinookan tidelands","docAbstract":"Lasting effects of a Cascadia earthquake in 1700 were documented during surveys of Chinookan tidelands near the mouth of the Columbia River between 1805 and 1868. The effects resemble estuarine consequences, near Anchorage, of the 1964 Alaska earthquake: fatal drowning of subsided meadows and forests by post-earthquake tides, rebirth of marshes and forests through post-earthquake sedimentation, and uplift. Chinookan remains of killed forests were recorded by James Graham Cooper, John J. Lowell, and Cleveland Rockwell. Cooper, attached to a railroad survey and the Smithsonian Institution, wrote of redcedar stumps and trunks standing dead in tidal marshes of Shoalwater (now Willapa) Bay. Two such snags served as bearing trees for Lowell as he platted a Shoalwater Bay township under contract with the General Land Office. Rockwell, of the US Coast Survey, flecked landward edges of tidal flats west of Astoria with symbols that evoke remains of a bygone spruce forest. The Lewis and Clark Expedition, while in that area in 1805–1806, mapped and puzzled over tideland vegetation that post-1700 succession helps explain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Scientific Association","doi":"10.3955/046.097.0109","collaboration":"none","usgsCitation":"Atwater, B., Yamaguchi, D., and Pearl, J., 2024, Earthquake effects surveyed during the nineteenth century as ecological features of Chinookan tidelands: Northwest Science, v. 97, no. 2, p. 78-98, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.097.0109.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"98","ipdsId":"IP-135094","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.097.0109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":480931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.51718455272794,\n 50.2041304094416\n ],\n [\n -128.7778863465558,\n 49.97384930015542\n ],\n [\n -129.35598639255556,\n 38.44625263740127\n ],\n [\n -121.0599980258377,\n 39.43017251075702\n ],\n [\n -121.51718455272794,\n 50.2041304094416\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.78402329883215,\n 61.95831997439137\n ],\n [\n -154.78402329883215,\n 55.7122434361076\n ],\n [\n -141.85061807204139,\n 55.7122434361076\n ],\n [\n -141.85061807204139,\n 61.95831997439137\n ],\n [\n -154.78402329883215,\n 61.95831997439137\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"97","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwater, Brian F. 0000-0003-1155-2815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":204658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yamaguchi, David K.","contributorId":150162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yamaguchi","given":"David K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":924764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearl, Jessie K. 0000-0002-1556-2159","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1556-2159","contributorId":336799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearl","given":"Jessie K.","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70255707,"text":"70255707 - 2024 - Development of an 8K SNP chip to assess adaptive diversity and hybridization in polar bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-23T16:10:42.541003","indexId":"70255707","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-13T08:28:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1325,"text":"Conservation Genetics Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of an 8K SNP chip to assess adaptive diversity and hybridization in polar bears","docAbstract":"The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is a species particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. As the climate warms, polar bears will be forced to move to more suitable habitats which are likely to shrink, adapt to the new conditions, or decline in population size. However, the genomic diversity within and among all 19 subpopulations of polar bears, and therefore their adaptive potential, is currently unknown. In addition, warmer climates are likely to result in more frequent contact between polar bears and grizzly bears (U. arctos), with which they can hybridize. Here we describe the development, quality control, and application of the Ursus maritimus V2 SNP chip. This 8 K SNP chip contains loci explicitly selected to assess both RAD-derived and transcriptome-derived loci, as well as SNPs to detect hybridization between species. A total of 7,239 loci (90.3% of those printed) were successfully genotyped, with over 99% genotype concordance for individuals typed in duplicate on this chip, and between individuals typed here and on the Ursus maritimus V1 SNP chip. Using simulations, we demonstrate that the markers have high accuracy and efficiency to detect hybridization and backcrosses between polar bears and grizzly bears. However, empirical analysis of 371 polar bears, 440 grizzly bears, and 8 known hybrids found no novel instances of recent hybridization. The Ursus maritimus V2 SNP chip provides a powerful tool for monitoring the adaptive potential of this species along with assessing population structure, quantitative genomics, and hybridization in polar bears.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s12686-024-01359-1","usgsCitation":"Miller, J.D., Malenfant, R., Rivkin, L.R., Atwood, T.C., Baryluk, S., Born, E.W., Dietz, R., Laidre, K.L., Pongracz, J., Richardson, E., Wiig, Ø., and Davis, C., 2024, Development of an 8K SNP chip to assess adaptive diversity and hybridization in polar bears: Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 16, p. 237-249, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-024-01359-1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"249","ipdsId":"IP-132450","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-024-01359-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430718,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Laidre, Kristin L.","contributorId":191798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laidre","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905375,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Joshua D.","contributorId":331008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7159,"text":"University of Cincinnati","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malenfant, Rene","contributorId":339847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malenfant","given":"Rene","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18889,"text":"University of New Brunswick","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rivkin, L. Ruth","contributorId":339873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivkin","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ruth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baryluk, Steven","contributorId":339874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baryluk","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Born, Erik W.","contributorId":8379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Born","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dietz, Rune","contributorId":191799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dietz","given":"Rune","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Laidre, Kristen L.","contributorId":206854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laidre","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pongracz, Jodie","contributorId":339875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pongracz","given":"Jodie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Richardson, Evan","contributorId":194428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"Evan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wiig, Øystein","contributorId":13469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiig","given":"Øystein","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Davis, Corey","contributorId":221987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Corey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70257113,"text":"70257113 - 2024 - A circumpolar study unveils a positive non-linear effect of temperature on arctic arthropod availability that may reduce the risk of warming-induced trophic mismatch for breeding shorebirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-09T16:05:02.588574","indexId":"70257113","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-09T10:33:44","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A circumpolar study unveils a positive non-linear effect of temperature on arctic arthropod availability that may reduce the risk of warming-induced trophic mismatch for breeding shorebirds","docAbstract":"Seasonally abundant arthropods are a crucial food source for many migratory birds that breed in the Arctic. In cold environments, the growth and emergence of arthropods are particularly tied to temperature. Thus, the phenology of arthropods is anticipated to undergo a rapid change in response to a warming climate, potentially leading to a trophic mismatch between migratory insectivorous birds and their prey. Using data from 19 sites spanning a wide temperature gradient from the Subarctic to the High Arctic, we investigated the effects of temperature on the phenology and biomass of arthropods available to shorebirds during their short breeding season at high latitudes. We hypothesized that prolonged exposure to warmer summer temperatures would generate earlier peaks in arthropod biomass, as well as higher peak and seasonal biomass. Across the temperature gradient encompassed by our study sites (>10°C in average summer temperatures), we found a 3-day shift in average peak date for every increment of 80 cumulative thawing degree-days. Interestingly, we found a linear relationship between temperature and arthropod biomass only below temperature thresholds. Higher temperatures were associated with higher peak and seasonal biomass below 106 and 177 cumulative thawing degree-days, respectively, between June 5 and July 15. Beyond these thresholds, no relationship was observed between temperature and arthropod biomass. Our results suggest that prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures can positively influence prey availability for some arctic birds. This positive effect could, in part, stem from changes in arthropod assemblages and may reduce the risk of trophic mismatch.
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Scenarios can serve a range of local and regional needs, from developing proactive-targeted mitigation strategies for minimizing impending risk to aiding emergency management planning. These deterministic scenarios can also be used to communicate seismic hazard and risk to audiences who are not well versed in methods, such as probabilistic seismic hazard analyses. Specifically, we discuss the scenarios developed, challenges, and lessons learned in the development process, and how this work aided the development of the 2023 NSHM itself. In total, 28 scenarios were developed for Hawaii, Utah, Alaska, and Virginia considering the 2023 NSHM science, past scenario efforts, and input from local experts and stakeholders. 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heatwaves (MHWs) are characterized by periods of extreme warming of local to basin-scale marine habitat. Effects of MHWs on some seabirds (e.g. mass die-offs) are well documented, but mechanisms by which seabirds respond to MHWs remain poorly understood. Following from a symposium at the 3rd World Seabird Conference, this Theme Section presents recent research to address this knowledge gap. Studies included here spanned one or more MHW event, at spatial scales from individual seabird colonies to large marine ecosystems in subtropical, temperate, and polar oceans, and over timespans from months to decades. The findings summarized herein indicate that MHWs can affect seabirds directly by creating physiological heat stress that affects behavior or survival, or indirectly by disrupting seabird food webs, largely by altering metabolic rates in ectothermic prey species, leading to effects on their associated predators and prey. Four main mechanisms by which MHWs affect seabirds are (1) habitat modification, (2) physiological forcing, (3) behavioral responses, and (4) ecological processes or species interactions. Most seabird species have experienced limited effects from MHWs to date, owing to ecological and behavioral adaptations that buffer MHW effects. However, the intensity and frequency of MHWs is increasing due to global warming, and more seabird species may have difficulty coping with future heatwave events. Also, MHW impacts can persist for years after a MHW ends, so consequences of recent or future MHWs could continue to unfold over time for many long-lived seabird species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/meps14625","usgsCitation":"Piatt, J., Arimitsu, M.L., Thompson, S.A., Suryan, R., Wilson, R., Elliott, K., and Sydeman, W., 2024, Mechanisms by which marine heatwaves impact seabirds: MEPS, v. 737, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14625.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","ipdsId":"IP-164926","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14625","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"737","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":244053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arimitsu, Mayumi L. 0000-0001-6982-2238 marimitsu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2238","contributorId":140501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arimitsu","given":"Mayumi","email":"marimitsu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Sarah Ann","contributorId":198394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suryan, Rob","contributorId":258845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suryan","given":"Rob","affiliations":[{"id":52314,"text":"NOAA NMFS Auke Bay Lab","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Rory","contributorId":337246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Rory","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":81000,"text":"Seaswan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elliott, Kyle","contributorId":95347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sydeman, W.J.","contributorId":95831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sydeman","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":902237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70261311,"text":"70261311 - 2024 - Assessing the sustainability of Pacific walrus harvest in a changing environment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70261311,"text":"70261311 - 2024 - Assessing the sustainability of Pacific walrus harvest in a changing environment","indexId":"70261311","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"title":"Assessing the sustainability of Pacific walrus harvest in a changing environment"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70261308,"text":"70261308 - 2025 - Assessing the sustainability of Pacific walrus harvest in a changing environment","indexId":"70261308","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"title":"Assessing the sustainability of Pacific walrus harvest in a changing environment"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70261308,"text":"70261308 - 2025 - Assessing the sustainability of Pacific walrus harvest in a changing environment","indexId":"70261308","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"title":"Assessing the sustainability of Pacific walrus harvest in a changing environment"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-05T15:34:03.963415","indexId":"70261311","displayToPublicDate":"2024-06-02T08:48:43","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":27,"text":"Preprint"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":32,"text":"Preprint"},"seriesTitle":{"id":19846,"text":"BioRxiv","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":32}},"title":"Assessing the sustainability of Pacific walrus harvest in a changing environment","docAbstract":"Harvest sustainability is a primary goal of wildlife management and conservation, and in a changing world it is increasingly important to consider environmental drivers of population dynamics alongside harvest in cohesive management plans. This is particularly pertinent for harvested species that are acutely experiencing effects of climate change. The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens), a critical traditional subsistence resource for indigenous communities, is simultaneously subject to rapid habitat loss associated with diminishing sea ice and an increasing anthropogenic footprint in the Arctic. We developed a theta-logistic population modeling-management framework to evaluate various harvest scenarios combined with four potential climate/disturbance scenarios (ranging from optimistic–pessimistic) which simulates Pacific walrus population dynamics to the end of the 21st century. We considered two types of harvest strategies: (1) adaptive harvest scenarios wherein harvest is calculated as a percentage of the population and annual harvests are updated at set intervals as the population is reassessed, and (2) non-adaptive harvest scenarios wherein annual harvest remains constant. All climate/disturbance scenarios indicated declines of varying severity in Pacific walrus abundance to the end of the 21st century, even in the absence of harvest. However, we found that an adaptive annual harvest of 1.23% of the independent-aged female subset of the population (e.g., 1,280 independent-aged females harvested in 2020, representing contemporary harvest levels) met our criterion for sustainability (>70% probability of maintaining population abundance above maximum net productivity level) under all climate/disturbance scenarios, accepting a medium risk tolerance level of 25%. This suggests that the present rate of Pacific walrus harvest is sustainable and will continue to be—provided the harvest adapts to match changes in population dynamics. Our simulations suggest that a sustainable non-adaptive harvest is also possible, but only at low levels if the population declines as expected. Applying a constant annual harvest of 1,280 independent-aged females (equivalent to contemporary harvest levels of 1.23) exceeded our criterion for sustainability and resulted in a >5% chance of quasi-extinction by the end of the 21st century under three of the four climate/disturbance scenarios we evaluated. Our results highlight the importance of adaptive co-management strategies, and we suggest such modeling frameworks are useful for managing for harvest sustainability in a changing climate.
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Although the distribution and basic stratigraphy of these rocks have been previously reported, here we document the stratigraphic context of recently dated igneous rocks and paleosols ranging from the Paleocene–Eocene boundary to the early middle Eocene, describe a more complete fossil leaf flora from the succession, and place the Sheep Creek volcanic field in its regional tectonic context of ridge subduction and slab window migration in central Alaska.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1814G","programNote":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, Volume 15","usgsCitation":"White, T., Sunderlin, D., and Bradley, D., 2024, Stratigraphy, paleoflora, and tectonic setting of the Paleogene Sheep Creek volcanic field, central Alaska, in Dumoulin, J.A., ed., Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, vol. 15: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1814–G, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1814G.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-137732","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":429353,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/g/pp1814g.pdf","text":"Report","size":"18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/g/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":499271,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_117019.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -144.60846974251015,\n 59.33672246912704\n ],\n [\n -144.60846974251015,\n 64.64567035100944\n ],\n [\n -157.52839161751018,\n 64.64567035100944\n ],\n [\n -157.52839161751018,\n 59.33672246912704\n ],\n [\n -144.60846974251015,\n 59.33672246912704\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Alaska Science Center staff
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Alaska Mineral Resources
Alaska Science Center
Species distributions are often indicative of historical biogeographical events and contemporary spatial biodiversity patterns. The Harlequin Duck Histrionicus histrionicus is a sea duck of conservation concern that has a disjunct distribution, with discrete portions of its range associated with northern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean basins. Movement data indicate migratory connectivity within regions of each ocean basin but not cross-continent dispersal, suggesting that genetic structuring could exist at multiple spatial scales. Little is known regarding the impacts of past vicariance events on the species phylogeographical structure and historical demography, or rates of gene flow at different spatial scales. We used data from microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences to quantify levels of genetic diversity within, and the extent of spatial genetic differentiation among locations sampled at multiple spatial scales across the species range. Samples were collected at nonbreeding locations, which represent groupings appropriate for characterizing genetically differentiated subgroups at regional and continental scales. Collectively, genetic data and coalescence modelling suggested that individuals colonized regions currently occupied within both ocean basins in the Holocene from a single refuge in the Atlantic. Further, it seems likely there was secondary contact with lineages derived from populations in Asia, based on the shallow species-wide mtDNA phylogeny and high incidence of recently derived private mtDNA haplotypes. Estimates of inter-location variance in microsatellite allele and mtDNA haplotype frequency were moderate and significant between western (Pacific – North America) and eastern (Atlantic – North America, Greenland and Iceland) ocean basins and among sampling groups within each ocean basin. Genetic differentiation among sampling groups was particularly evident at the species distributional margins in the Atlantic (Iceland) and the Pacific (Shemya Island) Ocean basins. Coalescent modelling results suggest that contemporary spatial genetic patterns in the species arose through the combined influences of secondary contact, shared ancestry and gene flow after the last glacial maxima.
The 26 January 1700 CE Cascadia subduction zone earthquake ruptured much of the plate boundary and generated a tsunami that deposited sand in coastal marshes from northern California to Vancouver Island. Although the depositional record of tsunami inundation is extensive in some of these marshes, few sites have been investigated in enough detail to map the inland extent of sand deposition and depict variability in tsunami deposit thickness and grain size. We collected 129 cores in marshes of the Salmon River estuary in Oregon and reanalyzed 114 core logs from a 1987–88 study that mapped the inland extent of circa 1700 CE sandy tsunami deposits. The ca. 1700 CE tsunami deposit in the Salmon River estuary is easily recognized in cores ≤1 m deep in which a buried marsh peat is overlain by a well sorted sand bed with a sharp lower contact that thins and fines inland. We use tsunami deposit data and models of sandy tsunami sediment transport (using Delft3D-FLOW) to test 15 rupture models that could represent a ca. 1700 CE earthquake. At least 12–16 m of slip offshore of the Salmon River, which results in 0.8–1.0 m of coastal coseismic subsidence, is required to match the ca. 1700 CE sand deposit's inland extent, which is consistent with models of heterogeneous megathrust slip in ca. 1700 CE. Our methods of detailed tsunami deposit mapping, combined with sediment transport modeling, can be used to test models of megathrust ruptures and their tsunamis to potentially improve earthquake and tsunami hazard assessments.
Northern high-latitude glaciers impact nearshore marine ecosystems through the discharge of cold and fresh waters, including nutrients and organic matter. Fishes are important integrators of ecosystem processes and hold key positions in the transfer of energy to higher trophic positions in such systems. This study used a natural gradient in space and time, including watershed glacial cover (0–60%) of five adjacent estuaries and three sequential discharge periods (pre-peak, peak, post-peak) in the northern Gulf of Alaska (Kachemak Bay) to test whether differences in glacial cover of watersheds upstream of estuaries affect dietary resource use of nearshore fishes. Dietary resource use was assessed using stomach content and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses to determine fish diet composition and trophic niche width. Crescent gunnel (Pholis laeta), a mostly sedentary species, was our focal species for comparisons across estuaries and discharge periods. Discharge period had a greater influence on diet composition and trophic niche width of crescent gunnels than watershed glacial coverage. Niche width of crescent gunnel was larger during the post-peak discharge period compared to pre-peak and peak periods, coincident with a shift in prey spectrum. However, watershed glacial cover was not a suitable predictor of niche width of crescent gunnel. Trophic resource use was also considered along this glacial cover gradient for two other fish species, Pacific staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus) and starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus), but within the post-peak discharge period only. These species exploited a larger prey base compared to crescent gunnel, likely due to their greater mobility. Similar to crescent gunnel, there were no relationships in trophic niche width associated with watershed glacial coverage for these other species during the post-peak discharge period. Instead, trophic resource use of these three nearshore fish species was influenced by a more complex set of dynamic environmental variables (salinity, temperature, turbidity, and discharge), as well as static watershed characteristics, especially vegetation cover. Such drivers can act through changes in metabolic rates, modulating foraging strategies and trophic connectivity, as well as terrestrial nutrient delivery to support estuarine production. The environmental conditions associated with the glacially influenced estuaries during our study period (2020−2021) seemed within a range that allowed nearshore fishes to maintain energy pathways and prey bases across these estuaries, but it is unknown how these estuarine food webs may be influenced in years of extreme conditions such as during heat waves, droughts, or floods.
Deformation in southeastern Alaska and southwest Yukon is governed by the subduction and translation of the Pacific-Yakutat plates relative to the North American plate in the St. Elias region. Despite notable historical seismicity and major regional faults, studies of the region between the Fairweather and Denali faults are complicated by glacial coverage and the remote setting. In the last decade, significant improvements have been made to the density of regional broadband seismometer networks. We relocate more than 5,000 earthquakes between 2010 and 2021 in the region of southeastern Alaska and southwestern Yukon utilizing these improved seismic networks. With reductions in catalog uncertainty, particularly in depth, we quantify the thickness of the seismogenic layer in the crust throughout the region and locate seismicity on a shallow network of upper-crustal faults. Relocated earthquakes, combined with an updated focal-mechanism catalog, permit estimating and classifying motion of active faults. This includes mapping the Totschunda-Fairweather “Connector” fault, which plays an important role in explaining regional deformation, and identifying new faults like the Kathleen Lake fault. We draw similarities between our seismic observations and simplified conceptual models of regional tectonics, which describe a dominant transpressional regime and localized slip partitioning. Our results support a hypothesis where current deformation is taking place on a well-defined and evolved network of shallow faults in the corridor between the Totschunda-Fairweather “Connector” and Denali faults.
","language":"English","publisher":"Americvan Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023TC008140","usgsCitation":"Biegel, K., Gosselin, J.M., Dettmer, J., Colpron, M., Enkelmann, E., and Caine, J., 2024, Earthquake relocations delineate discrete a fault network and deformation corridor throughout Southeast Alaska and Southwest Yukon: Tectonics, v. 43, no. 5, e2023TC008140, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023TC008140.","productDescription":"e2023TC008140, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158563","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":439534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023tc008140","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429399,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -152,\n 58\n ],\n [\n -132,\n 58\n ],\n [\n -132,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -152,\n 66\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Biegel, Katherine M. 0000-0001-8682-6169","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8682-6169","contributorId":337015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biegel","given":"Katherine M.","affiliations":[{"id":16660,"text":"University of Calgary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gosselin, Jeremy M. 0000-0002-0375-4102","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0375-4102","contributorId":337016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gosselin","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16660,"text":"University of Calgary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dettmer, Jan 0000-0001-8906-8156","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8906-8156","contributorId":337017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettmer","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16660,"text":"University of Calgary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Colpron, Maurice","contributorId":221363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colpron","given":"Maurice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":901769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enkelmann, Eva","contributorId":240604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enkelmann","given":"Eva","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16660,"text":"University of Calgary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":901770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan Saul 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":199295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan Saul","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":901771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70254388,"text":"70254388 - 2024 - Why do avian responses to change in Arctic green-up vary?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-22T12:02:49.137806","indexId":"70254388","displayToPublicDate":"2024-05-21T07:01:13","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"title":"Why do avian responses to change in Arctic green-up vary?","docAbstract":"Global climate change has altered the timing of seasonal events (i.e., phenology) for a diverse range of biota. Within and among species, however, the degree to which alterations in phenology match climate variability differ substantially. To better understand factors driving these differences, we evaluated variation in timing of nesting of eight Arctic-breeding shorebird species at 18 sites over a 23-year period. We used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index as a proxy to determine the start of spring (SOS) growing season and quantified relationships between SOS and nest initiation dates as a measure of phenological responsiveness. Among species, we tested four life history traits (migration distance, seasonal timing of breeding, female body mass, expected female reproductive effort) as species-level predictors of responsiveness. For one species (Semipalmated Sandpiper), we also evaluated whether responsiveness varied across sites. Although no species in our study completely tracked annual variation in SOS, phenological responses were strongest for Western Sandpipers, Pectoral Sandpipers, and Red Phalaropes. Migration distance was the strongest additional predictor of responsiveness, with longer-distance migrant species generally tracking variation in SOS more closely than species that migrate shorter distances. Semipalmated Sandpipers are a widely distributed species, but adjustments in timing of nesting relative to variability in SOS did not vary across sites, suggesting that different breeding populations of this species were equally responsive to climate cues despite differing migration strategies. Our results unexpectedly show that long-distance migrants are more sensitive to local environmental conditions, which may help them to adapt to ongoing changes in climate.
Coseismic slip on the Patton Bay splay fault system during the 1964 Mw 9.2 Great Alaska Earthquake contributed to local tsunami generation and vertically uplifted shorelines as much as 11 m on Montague Island in Prince William Sound (PWS). Sudden uplift of 3.7–4.3 m caused coastal lagoons along the island's northwestern coast to gradually drain. The resulting change in depositional environment from marine lagoon to freshwater muskeg created a sharp, laterally continuous stratigraphic contact between silt and overlying peat. Here, we characterize the geomorphology, sedimentology, and diatom ecology across the 1964 earthquake contact and three similar prehistoric contacts within the stratigraphy of the Hidden Lagoons locality. We find that the contacts signal instances of abrupt coastal uplift that, within error, overlap the timing of independently constrained megathrust earthquakes in PWS—1964 Common Era, 760–870 yr BP, 2500–2700 yr BP, and 4120–4500 yr BP. Changes in fossil diatom assemblages across the inferred prehistoric earthquake contacts reflect ecological shifts consistent with repeated draining of a lagoon system caused by >3 m of coseismic uplift. Our observations provide evidence for four instances of combined megathrust-splay fault ruptures that have occurred in the past ∼4,200 years in PWS. The possibility that 1964-style combined megathrust-splay fault ruptures may have repeated in the past warrants their consideration in future seismic and tsunami hazards assessments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023JB028552","usgsCitation":"DePaolis, J., Dura, T., Witter, R., Haeussler, P., Bender, A., Curran, J.H., and Corbett, D., 2024, Repeated coseismic uplift of coastal lagoons above the Patton Bay Splay Fault System, Montague Island, Alaska, USA: JGR Solid Earth, v. 129, no. 5, e2023JB028552, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JB028552.","productDescription":"e2023JB028552, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-162894","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489025,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jb028552","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":486319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13UHFCE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Diatom Data from Coastal Environments on Montague Island, Alaska"},{"id":486089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.57849021023995,\n 61.301320484760936\n ],\n [\n -157.10579653727243,\n 57.117867488361554\n ],\n [\n -145.11828913021205,\n 58.89119185780879\n ],\n [\n -143.770157912829,\n 61.51788781472092\n ],\n [\n -152.57849021023995,\n 61.301320484760936\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"129","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DePaolis, Jessica","contributorId":334364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DePaolis","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dura, Tina","contributorId":195530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dura","given":"Tina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":937364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":219956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bender, Adrian 0000-0001-7469-1957","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-1957","contributorId":219952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"Adrian","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Curran, Janet H. 0000-0002-3899-6275 jcurran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-6275","contributorId":690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curran","given":"Janet","email":"jcurran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":937368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corbett, D. Reide","contributorId":23681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"D. Reide","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":937369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70254432,"text":"70254432 - 2024 - The dominance and growth of shallow groundwater resources in continuous permafrost environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-24T11:49:09.637699","indexId":"70254432","displayToPublicDate":"2024-05-20T06:47:08","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The dominance and growth of shallow groundwater resources in continuous permafrost environments","docAbstract":"Climate change in the Arctic is altering watershed hydrologic processes and biogeochemistry. Here, we present an emergent threat to Arctic watersheds based on observations from 75 streams in Alaska’s Brooks Range that recently turned orange, reflecting increased loading of iron and toxic metals. Using remote sensing, we constrain the timing of stream discoloration to the last 10 years, a period of rapid warming and snowfall, suggesting impairment is likely due to permafrost thaw. Thawing permafrost can foster chemical weathering of minerals, microbial reduction of soil iron, and groundwater transport of metals to streams. Compared to clear reference streams, orange streams have lower pH, higher turbidity, and higher sulfate, iron, and trace metal concentrations, supporting sulfide mineral weathering as a primary mobilization process. Stream discoloration was associated with dramatic declines in macroinvertebrate diversity and fish abundance. These findings have considerable implications for drinking water supplies and subsistence fisheries in rural Alaska.